A power supply multiple working mode automatic switching controller and automobile

Abstract

The application relates to a power supply multiple working mode automatic switching controller and a car, a power supply module one is configured to receive a power input signal and output a power supply signal one; an MCU microcontroller is configured to enter a standby state in response to the power supply signal one, listen to a wake-up signal, and send a SOC state switching signal based on a listening result; a power supply module two is configured to receive a power input signal and output a power supply signal two, and switch between a PFM mode and a PWM mode according to a level high-low result of the listening result obtained through a MODE pin; and a SOC circuit is configured to enter a standby state in response to the power supply signal two and switch between a sleep state and a normal working state according to the SOC state switching signal. The application can solve the problem that a power supply chip can only run in a single mode and cannot be switched in the related art.

Description

A controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes and an automobile Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of controller technology, and in particular to a controller and automobile that automatically switches between multiple power supply operating modes. Background Technology

[0002] As automotive-grade SoCs achieve increasingly higher performance, their current requirements also increase. When designing and selecting power supply chips for SoCs, it is necessary to consider both the challenges posed by high current during normal operation to power supply stability and EMC radiation interference, and the need to meet extremely low quiescent current requirements during sleep mode.

[0003] High-current power supply chips provided by related technologies typically use a fixed pin to configure their operating mode. This allows the chip to be configured either as PWM or PFM mode, typically using external pull-up or pull-down resistors on that pin. In other words, once configured, the power supply chip operates in either PWM or PFM mode—a single mode that cannot be switched during use. This configuration method is detrimental to maximizing the value of the power supply chip and fails to cover all testing, verification, and application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a controller and automobile for automatic switching of multiple power supply operating modes, in order to solve the problem in related technologies that power chips can only operate in a single mode and cannot switch modes.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a controller for automatic switching of multiple power supply operating modes, comprising:

[0006] Power module one, which is configured to receive a power input signal and output a power supply signal one;

[0007] The MCU microcontroller is configured to enter a standby state in response to the power supply signal, listen for a wake-up signal, and send a SOC state switching signal based on the listening result.

[0008] Power module two is configured to receive a power input signal and output a power supply signal two, and to switch between PFM mode and PWM mode according to the high or low level result obtained by the monitoring result of its MODE pin.

[0009] The SOC circuit is configured to enter a standby state in response to the second power supply signal, and to switch between a sleep state and a normal operating state according to the SOC state switching signal.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the MCU microcontroller is connected to the second SOC pin of the SOC circuit via a second MCU pin;

[0011] If the monitoring result is that the wake-up signal is held, the MCU microcontroller pulls the level of the second MCU pin high, and the SOC state switching signal indicates that the SOC circuit has entered the normal working state;

[0012] If the monitoring result indicates that the wake-up signal is lost, the MCU microcontroller pulls the level of the second MCU pin low, and the SOC state switching signal indicates that the SOC circuit enters sleep mode.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the MCU microcontroller is connected to the first SOC pin of the SOC circuit via a first MCU pin;

[0014] The MCU is also configured to receive, via the first MCU pin, the current state result sent by the SOC circuit in response to the SOC state switching signal.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the MCU microcontroller is further configured to enter a normal operating state if a wake-up signal is received, and to enter a sleep state if the wake-up signal is lost.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the second power module is further configured to enter a default mode after receiving a power input signal.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, the default mode is PFM mode.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, if the monitoring result is a wake-up signal hold, the level of the MODE pin is pulled high to put the power module two into PWM mode;

[0019] If the monitoring result indicates that the wake-up signal is lost, the level of the MODE pin is pulled low to put the second power module into PFM mode.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the controller further includes a voltage divider circuit connected between a preset pin of the MCU microcontroller and the MODE pin of the power module 2.

[0021] If the monitoring result is a wake-up signal hold, the voltage divider circuit pulls the level of the MODE pin high so that the power module two is in PWM mode;

[0022] If the monitoring result indicates that the wake-up signal is lost, the voltage divider circuit pulls down the level of the MODE pin to put the second power module into PFM mode.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the voltage divider circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein the resistance value of the first resistor is less than the resistance value of the second resistor.

[0024] The preset pin is connected to the first end of the first resistor, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the MODE pin of the power module two, the first end of the second resistor is connected to the second end of the first resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0025] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, the preset pin is either the second MCU pin or the fourth MCU pin of the MCU microcontroller;

[0026] The MCU microcontroller is connected to the second SOC pin of the SOC circuit via the second MCU pin to send an SOC state switching signal.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the controller further includes a switch isolation circuit connected between the voltage divider circuit and the preset pin.

[0028] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the switch isolation circuit includes a MOSFET, a transistor, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor;

[0029] The drain (D) of the MOSFET is connected to the voltage divider circuit, the source (S) of the MOSFET is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor and also to the voltage output pin of the power module one, and the gate (G) of the MOSFET is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor and also to the first end of the fifth resistor.

[0030] The first pin of the transistor is connected to the preset pin, the third pin of the transistor is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, and the second pin of the transistor is grounded.

[0031] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the controller further includes a current detection circuit, which is connected to the MODE pin of the power module two and is used to detect the output voltage of the power module two.

[0032] If the monitoring result is a wake-up signal hold, the current detection circuit pulls the level of the MODE pin high so that the power module two is in PWM mode;

[0033] If the monitoring result indicates that the wake-up signal is lost, the current detection circuit pulls down the level of the MODE pin to put the power module two into PFM mode.

[0034] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the current detection circuit includes:

[0035] The voltage divider circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein the resistance of the first resistor is less than the resistance of the second resistor; the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the MODE pin of the power module 2, the first terminal of the second resistor is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor, and the second terminal of the second resistor is grounded.

[0036] The third resistor is connected between the voltage output pin of the power module 2 and the voltage input pin of the SOC circuit.

[0037] An operational amplifier chip is connected to the third resistor to form a current sampling circuit; the operational amplifier chip is connected to the first end of the first resistor.

[0038] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the wake-up signal includes at least one of the following: a CAN signal sent by the vehicle, an IGN signal, and a TBOX remote wake-up signal;

[0039] And / or, the power module one adopts a DC-DC converter or a PMIC chip;

[0040] And / or, power module one and power module two receive the same power input signal.

[0041] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an automobile that includes a controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes as described above.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application include:

[0043] The controller provided in this application provides a power module two that outputs sufficient current to supply the heavy load current required for high-speed operation of the SOC during normal operation. In this mode, the power module two operates in PWM mode, ensuring high stability, high performance, and low external interference of the power system. This satisfies both the controller's operational requirements and EMC testing needs. When the controller is in sleep mode, the power module switches from PWM mode to PFM mode, utilizing the high efficiency under light loads of PFM mode to reduce the overall controller's input current and meet dark current power consumption requirements. This application enables automated switching between the two operating modes of the SOC's power module. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 is a controller architecture diagram of the automatic switching of multiple power supply working modes in Scheme 1 of this application;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the logical switching corresponding to Scheme 1 of this application;

[0047] Figure 3 is a controller architecture diagram of the automatic switching of multiple power supply operating modes in Scheme 2 of this application;

[0048] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the logical switching corresponding to Scheme 2 of this application;

[0049] Figure 5 is a controller architecture diagram of automatic switching of multiple power supply working modes in Scheme 3 of this application;

[0050] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the logical switching corresponding to Scheme 3 of this application;

[0051] Figure 7 is a controller architecture diagram of the automatic switching of multiple power supply operating modes in Scheme 4 of this application;

[0052] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the logical switching corresponding to Scheme 4 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] Introduction to PWM Operating Mode of Power Supply Chips: PWM, Pulse Width Modulation, is a technique that controls stable output by adjusting the width (i.e., the duration of the high-level pulse) of a pulse (square wave). Because the frequency is fixed, the noise spectrum is concentrated, making it easy to filter. Its output ripple is stable and low, and its efficiency is high under heavy loads. However, its efficiency is very low under light loads. It is mainly used in medium to heavy load scenarios with specific noise requirements. When the controller is in normal operation, the power supply system needs to remain clean and stable. This requires the power supply to have as low noise and ripple as possible, and to radiate as little energy as possible. Therefore, a high-performance PWM mode is required.

[0055] Introduction to PFM (Pulse Frequency Modulation) Operating Mode of Power Chips: PFM is a technique that controls stable output by adjusting the frequency of pulses (square waves). Because the frequency changes intermittently as the output current decreases, it operates intermittently, resulting in high efficiency under light load conditions. However, the frequency variation also leads to a wider noise spectrum, making filtering difficult and resulting in larger and fluctuating output ripple. It is primarily used in light-load, standby modes where extremely low static power consumption is required. When the controller is in sleep mode, static power consumption is paramount, and lower is better. This necessitates a PFM mode that achieves high efficiency under light load conditions.

[0056] Referring to Figure 1, this application embodiment provides a controller for automatic switching of multiple power supply operating modes, which includes a power supply module one, a power supply module two, an MCU microcontroller, and a SOC circuit.

[0057] MCU is an embedded microcontroller. Power module one uses a DC-DC converter or a PMIC chip, while power module two is a high-current power supply chip with both PWM and PFM operating modes. The operating mode is configured by the MODE pin: MODE=H represents PWM mode, and MODE=L represents PFM mode. SOC is a high-performance processor.

[0058] Power module 1 has a voltage input pin V in and voltage output pin V out The power module is configured to utilize its voltage input pin V in Receives the power input signal and uses the voltage output pin V out Output power supply signal 1 (referred to as power supply 1 in the figure).

[0059] Power module 2 has a MODE pin and a voltage input pin V. in and voltage output pin V out Power module two is configured to utilize its voltage input pin V in Receives the power input signal and uses the voltage output pin V out Output power supply signal 2 (referred to as power supply 2 in the figure).

[0060] The MCU microcontroller has a voltage input pin V in The second MCU pin (denoted as GPIO2 in the diagram) and the third MCU pin (denoted as GPIO3 in the diagram) are the voltage input pins of the MCU microcontroller. in The voltage output pin V of power module one outThe second MCU pin GPIO2 is connected to the second SOC pin of the SOC circuit (denoted as GPIO22 in the figure), and the third MCU pin GPIO3 is connected to the wake-up signal. The MCU microcontroller is configured to enter standby state in response to the power supply signal, listen for the wake-up signal, and send an SOC state switching signal based on the listening result.

[0061] Power module two is also configured to switch between PFM mode and PWM mode based on the high or low level result obtained by its MODE pin in response to the listening result;

[0062] The SOC circuit has a voltage input pin V in The second SOC pin, GPIO22, is the voltage input pin V of the SOC circuit. in With the voltage output pin V of power module two out The SOC circuit is configured to enter a standby state in response to the second power supply signal, and to switch between a sleep state and a normal operating state according to the SOC state switching signal.

[0063] It is understood that the wake-up signal includes at least one of the following: CAN signal sent by the vehicle, IGN signal, and TBOX remote wake-up.

[0064] It is understood that power module one and power module two can receive the same power input signal. For example, BATT_12V can be used as the power input for the controller and connected to the voltage input pin V of power module one. in It is also connected to the voltage input pin V of power module two. in .

[0065] The power supply controller with automatic switching of multiple operating modes provided in this application embodiment, when the controller is powered on, power module one and power module two output a power supply signal after receiving the power input signal, so that the MCU microcontroller and the SOC circuit enter a standby state. When the MCU microcontroller detects a wake-up signal, it enters a normal operating state and continues to monitor the wake-up signal. If the wake-up signal persists, the MCU microcontroller determines that the controller needs to enter a normal operating state. If the wake-up signal is lost, the MCU microcontroller determines that the controller needs to enter a sleep state. The MCU microcontroller sends an SOC state switching signal according to the monitoring results (whether the wake-up signal persists or is lost). The SOC circuit switches between a sleep state and a normal operating state according to the SOC state switching signal. Power module two switches between PFM mode and PWM mode according to the high or low level result obtained by its MODE pin in response to the monitoring results.

[0066] The controller provided in this application provides a power module two that outputs sufficient current to supply the heavy load current required for high-speed operation of the SOC during normal operation. In this mode, the power module two operates in PWM mode, ensuring high stability, high performance, and low external interference of the power system. This satisfies both the controller's operational requirements and EMC testing needs. When the controller is in sleep mode, the power module switches from PWM mode to PFM mode, utilizing the high efficiency under light loads of PFM mode to reduce the overall controller's input current and meet dark current power consumption requirements. This application enables automated switching between the two operating modes of the SOC's power module.

[0067] Further, referring to Figure 1, the MCU microcontroller is connected to the second SOC pin GPIO22 of the SOC circuit through the second MCU pin GPIO2; if the monitoring result is that the wake-up signal is held, the MCU microcontroller pulls the level of the second MCU pin high, and the SOC state switching signal is that the SOC circuit enters the normal working state; if the monitoring result is that the wake-up signal is lost, the MCU microcontroller pulls the level of the second MCU pin low, and the SOC state switching signal is that the SOC circuit enters the sleep state.

[0068] The wake-up signal is intelligently monitored and triggered via the second MCU pin, GPIO2: when the signal is held, the MCU microcontroller pulls the level high to trigger the SOC circuit to enter normal operation; when the signal is lost, it pulls the level low to trigger the SOC circuit to enter sleep mode. By automatically responding to wake-up events, standby power consumption is significantly reduced.

[0069] Further, referring to Figure 1, the MCU microcontroller is connected to the first SOC pin GPIO11 of the SOC circuit via the first MCU pin GPIO1. The MCU microcontroller is also configured to receive the current state result sent by the SOC circuit in response to the SOC state switching signal via the first MCU pin. For example, if the SOC circuit switches to normal operating state, the SOC circuit sends the current state result "SOC circuit is in normal operating state" to the MCU microcontroller via the first SOC pin GPIO11. If the SOC circuit switches to sleep state, the SOC circuit sends the current state result "SOC circuit is in sleep state" to the MCU microcontroller via the first SOC pin GPIO11.

[0070] A closed-loop status feedback system is achieved through bidirectional communication between the MCU microcontroller and the SOC circuit via GPIO1 / GPIO11. After a state transition, the SOC circuit actively reports its current state, allowing the MCU microcontroller to precisely control power mode switching. This avoids erroneous mode operations caused by software logic errors, ensuring a strict match between the PWM / PFM mode and the SOC circuit's operating state. This significantly improves system stability and reliability while simplifying power management logic, eliminating the need for additional state detection circuitry. In conjunction with the closed-loop feedback mechanism of GPIO2 / GPIO22, this system ensures accurate and reliable power mode switching, prevents erroneous operations, and improves system energy efficiency, response speed, and overall stability.

[0071] Furthermore, the MCU is configured to enter normal operation mode if a wake-up signal is received, and to enter sleep mode if the wake-up signal is lost.

[0072] The MCU can intelligently switch states based on wake-up signals: it quickly enters normal operation when the signal is valid and automatically enters sleep mode when the signal is lost, which can significantly reduce standby power consumption and improve system response speed. Combined with SOC status closed-loop feedback, it ensures accurate and reliable mode switching, avoids misoperation, optimizes energy efficiency and stability, simplifies power management design, and extends device battery life.

[0073] Furthermore, the second power module is also configured to enter a default mode after receiving a power input signal. The default mode can be selected from PWM mode and PFM mode; for example, as a preferred example, the default mode is PFM mode.

[0074] Power module 2 is set to PFM mode by default, automatically entering a low-power state upon startup, significantly reducing initial power consumption. PFM mode is more efficient under light loads, effectively reducing standby power consumption and extending device battery life. As an energy-saving option, it ensures efficient system operation without additional configuration, avoiding the high power consumption of PWM mode, improving overall energy efficiency and reliability, and optimizing user experience.

[0075] Furthermore, if the monitoring result indicates that the wake-up signal is held, the level of the MODE pin is pulled high to put the second power module in PWM mode; if the monitoring result indicates that the wake-up signal is lost, the level of the MODE pin is pulled low to put the second power module in PFM mode.

[0076] This solution dynamically switches power modes. When the wake-up signal is held, the MODE pin is pulled high to trigger PWM mode; when the signal is lost, it is pulled low to trigger PFM mode. By automatically optimizing energy efficiency, it significantly reduces standby power consumption and improves system response speed; it avoids energy waste caused by fixed modes, extends device battery life, ensures accurate and reliable mode switching, and simplifies power management design.

[0077] Furthermore, in this application, the second power module is configured to switch between PFM mode and PWM mode based on the high or low level result obtained by its MODE pin in response to the listening result; and there are various schemes to achieve the above response, which can be set as needed.

[0078] For example, as an example, a voltage divider circuit can be used to pull the level of the MODE pin high or low to put power module two into PWM mode or PFM mode.

[0079] Referring to Figure 1, the controller further includes a voltage divider circuit connected between a preset pin of the MCU microcontroller and the MODE pin of the power module two. The voltage divider circuit includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, with the first resistor having a smaller resistance than the second resistor. R1 is a small-value resistor, and R2 is a large-value resistor. R1 and R2 together form the voltage divider circuit, allowing the power supply to the MODE pin of the power module two to correctly switch between high and low. The preset pin is connected to the first end of the first resistor, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the MODE pin of the power module two, the first end of the second resistor is connected to the second end of the first resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded. If the monitoring result indicates a hold-up wake-up signal, the voltage divider circuit pulls the MODE pin high to put the power module two into PWM mode; if the monitoring result indicates a lost wake-up signal, the voltage divider circuit pulls the MODE pin low to put the power module two into PFM mode.

[0080] The preset pin is either the second MCU pin GPIO2 or the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 of the MCU microcontroller; the function of the second MCU pin GPIO2 is that the MCU microcontroller connects to the second SOC pin GPIO22 of the SOC circuit through the second MCU pin GPIO2 to send the SOC state switching signal.

[0081] Referring to Figure 1, in Scheme 1, the connection of the voltage divider circuit to the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 is used as an example for explanation.

[0082] The first MCU pin, GPIO1, is connected to the first SOC pin, GPIO11, of the SOC circuit. The MCU receives the operating status of the SOC circuit: H represents normal operation, and L represents sleep mode. The second MCU pin, GPIO2, is connected to the second SOC pin, GPIO22, of the SOC circuit. The MCU informs the SOC circuit which operating state is required: H represents normal operation, and L represents sleep mode. The third MCU pin, GPIO3, is connected to the wake-up signal, serving both as its own wake-up marker and as a basis for determining the controller's operating mode: when the wake-up signal is present (i.e., the wake-up signal is held), the system needs to enter normal operation; when the wake-up signal is lost, the system needs to enter sleep mode. The fourth MCU pin, GPIO4, is connected to the left end of the first resistor R1. The right end of the first resistor R1 is connected to both the MODE pin of power module two and the upper end of the second resistor R2. The lower end of the second resistor R2 is connected to GND. The V of power module two... out V with SOC circuit in Connected to supply power to the SOC circuit.

[0083] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the logic switching corresponding to Scheme 1.

[0084] First, the BATT_12V signal is connected to the controller, supplying power to power module one and power module two. Power module one converts the 12V into the first power supply signal required by the MCU microcontroller and outputs it to the MCU microcontroller. Then, the MCU microcontroller enters standby mode, waiting for a wake-up signal. Power module two converts the 12V into the second power supply signal required by the SOC circuit and outputs it to the SOC circuit. Then, the SOC circuit enters standby mode, waiting for the controller's operating mode signal. At this time, because the MCU microcontroller has not yet started working normally, the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 has not established a valid output. At this time, the level of the MODE pin of power module two is pulled to GND through R2, that is, the level of the MODE pin is low, and power module two is working in PFM mode. This is recorded as the default operating mode of power module two.

[0085] Afterwards, the wake-up signal is connected to the MCU microcontroller. Upon recognizing this signal, the MCU microcontroller begins normal operation and initializes all I / O ports. The MCU microcontroller's third MCU pin, GPIO3, continuously monitors for the wake-up signal. If the wake-up signal is consistently present, the MCU microcontroller determines that it needs to enter normal operating mode. At this point, the MCU microcontroller first pulls high on the fourth MCU pin, GPIO4. The high voltage on GPIO4, through the voltage divider circuit of R1 and R2, changes the level of the MODE pin of power module two from its initial low level to a high level, switching the operating mode of power module two from the default PFM mode to PWM mode. Then, it pulls high on the second MCU pin, GPIO2, to inform the SOC circuit that it needs to begin normal operation. Upon receiving this signal, the SOC circuit's second SOC pin, GPIO22, begins executing the normal operating logic. After execution, it pulls high on the first SOC pin, GPIO11, to inform the MCU microcontroller that it has entered normal operating mode. After the MCU microcontroller receives a high level from the SOC circuit on its first MCU pin GPIO1, it needs to maintain a high level on its fourth MCU pin GPIO4 to ensure that power module 2 continues to operate in PWM mode. If the wake-up signal is lost, the MCU microcontroller determines that it needs to enter sleep mode. At this time, the MCU microcontroller first pulls the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 low. The low level of GPIO4 pulls the MODE pin of power module 2 to ground through resistor R1, changing the MODE pin's level from high to low. This switches the operating mode of power module 2 from PWM mode to PFM mode. Then, it pulls the second MCU pin GPIO2 low to inform the SOC circuit that it needs to enter sleep mode. Upon receiving this signal, the second SOC pin GPIO22 of the SOC circuit begins executing the sleep logic. After execution, it pulls the first SOC pin GPIO11 low to inform the MCU microcontroller that it has entered sleep mode. After the first MCU pin GPIO1 of the MCU microcontroller receives a low level from the SOC circuit, it needs to keep the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 low to ensure that the power module 2 continues to work in PFM mode. At the same time, the MCU microcontroller itself also starts to execute sleep logic and enters sleep state to further reduce the overall power consumption of the controller.

[0086] Option 1 involves setting the controller to a default operating mode based on the application. During operation, the controller can dynamically switch the operating mode of power module 2 via the MCU microcontroller, automatically selecting the appropriate mode as needed. Option 1 essentially treats the MODE pin of power module 2 as a programmable I / O. The controller utilizes the GPIO ports of the MCU microcontroller to configure the high and low levels of the MODE pin. When the PWM mode of power module 2 is detected, the corresponding I / O port is pulled high; when the PFM mode is detected, the corresponding I / O port is pulled low, thus achieving automatic switching between the PWM and PFM operating modes of power module 2.

[0087] The first solution requires a dedicated fourth MCU pin, GPIO4. However, this can be optimized. Instead of adding an extra GPIO port to the MCU microcontroller, the power mode can be switched directly based on the controller's operating mode. This means no increase in controller hardware or software costs, as the controller itself monitors and identifies the overall operating mode. Therefore, this monitoring and identification signal can be directly used to control the power module's operating mode, achieving a high degree of consistency between the operating mode and the power mode. This leads to the second solution, which monitors and identifies the external wake-up signal, serving both as the basis for determining the controller's operating mode and as the basis for switching between PWM and PFM operation in the second power module.

[0088] As shown in Figure 3, the difference between Scheme 2 and Scheme 1 is that, based on Scheme 1, the left side connection of R1 is changed from the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 of the MCU microcontroller to the second MCU pin GPIO2.

[0089] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the logic switching corresponding to Scheme 2.

[0090] When the wake-up signal is continuously detected on the third MCU pin GPIO3 of the MCU microcontroller, the MCU microcontroller determines that the controller needs to enter normal operating mode. At this time, the MCU microcontroller pulls the second MCU pin GPIO2 high. The high voltage of the second MCU pin GPIO2, through the voltage divider circuit of R1 and R2, changes the level of the MODE pin of the second power module from the initial low level to the high level, switching the operating mode of the second power module from the default PFM mode to PWM mode. At the same time, the second MCU pin GPIO2 of the MCU microcontroller also informs the SOC circuit that it needs to start normal operation. After receiving this signal, the second SOC pin GPIO22 of the SOC circuit starts to execute the normal operation logic. After execution, it pulls the first SOC pin GPIO11 high to inform the MCU microcontroller that it has entered normal operating mode. After receiving the high level from the SOC circuit, the first MCU pin GPIO1 of the MCU microcontroller needs to maintain the high level of the second MCU pin GPIO2 to ensure that the second power module continues to operate in PWM mode. If the wake-up signal is lost, the MCU microcontroller determines that the controller needs to enter sleep mode. At this point, the MCU microcontroller pulls the second MCU pin GPIO2 low. The low level of GPIO2 pulls the MODE pin of power module two to ground via R1, changing the MODE pin's level from high to low. This switches the operating mode of power module two from PWM mode to PFM mode. Simultaneously, the MCU microcontroller's second MCU pin GPIO2 also informs the SOC circuit that it needs to enter sleep mode. Upon receiving this signal, the SOC circuit's second SOC pin GPIO22 begins executing its sleep logic. After execution, it pulls the first SOC pin GPIO11 low, informing the MCU microcontroller that it has entered sleep mode. After receiving the low level from the SOC circuit, the MCU microcontroller's first MCU pin GPIO1 needs to maintain the second MCU pin GPIO2 low to ensure power module two continues to operate in PFM mode. At the same time, the MCU microcontroller itself also begins executing its sleep logic, entering sleep mode to further reduce the overall power consumption of the controller.

[0091] Considering the interference factors such as jitter and malfunctions in the signal link, a switch isolation circuit can be added to obtain Scheme 3. By using the switch isolation circuit, interference factors such as jitter and malfunctions in the signal link can be avoided, which may cause the power supply to malfunction and trigger the power supply operating mode, thereby further improving the stability of the power supply system.

[0092] The switch isolation circuit is connected between the voltage divider circuit and the preset pin. The switch isolation circuit includes a MOSFET (denoted as Q2 in Figure 5), a transistor (denoted as Q1 in Figure 5), a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth resistor R5. The drain (D) of the MOSFET is connected to the voltage divider circuit, the source (S) of the MOSFET is connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor and also to the voltage output pin of power module one, the gate (G) of the MOSFET is connected to the second terminal of the fourth resistor and also to the first terminal of the fifth resistor; the first pin of the transistor is connected to the preset pin, the third pin of the transistor is connected to the second terminal of the fifth resistor, and the second pin of the transistor is grounded.

[0093] In other words, the above-mentioned switch isolation circuit can be added to Scheme 1 to obtain Scheme 3, or it can be added to Scheme 2 to obtain Scheme 3.

[0094] As shown in Figure 5, the difference between Scheme 3 and Scheme 1 is that Scheme 3 adds a switch isolation circuit.

[0095] The drain (D) of MOSFET Q2 is connected to the left end of resistor R1; the source (S) of MOSFET Q2 is connected to the upper end of resistor R4, and also to the V gate of power module one. out The gate of MOSFET Q2 is connected to the lower end of R4 and the upper end of R5; the first pin of transistor Q1 is connected to the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 of the MCU microcontroller; the third pin of transistor Q1 is connected to the lower end of R5; and the second pin of transistor Q1 is connected to GND.

[0096] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the logic switching corresponding to Scheme 3.

[0097] When the wake-up signal is continuously detected on the third MCU pin GPIO3 of the MCU microcontroller, the MCU microcontroller determines that it needs to enter normal operating mode. At this time, the MCU microcontroller first pulls the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 high. The high voltage on the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 turns on transistor Q1, meaning the voltage level at the third pin of the transistor equals the voltage level at the second pin, which is GND. At this time, the lower end of resistor R5 is also pulled down to GND. The power supply signal, after being divided by resistors R4 and R5, generates a voltage difference between the source (S) and gate (G) of MOSFET Q2. This voltage difference reaches the turn-on threshold of the MOSFET, turning it on. The high level of the power supply signal then passes through the voltage divider circuit of resistors R1 and R2, changing the level of the MODE pin of power module two from its initial low level to a high level, switching the operating mode of power module two from the default PFM mode to PWM mode. Afterwards, the MCU microcontroller pulls the second MCU pin GPIO2 high, informing the SOC circuit that normal operation needs to begin. After receiving this signal, the second SOC pin GPIO22 of the SOC circuit begins executing the normal operation logic. Upon completion, it pulls the first SOC pin GPIO11 high to inform the MCU microcontroller that it has entered normal operation. After receiving the high level from the SOC circuit, the first MCU pin GPIO1 of the MCU microcontroller needs to maintain the high level of the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 to ensure that the second power module continues to operate in PWM mode. If the wake-up signal is lost, the MCU microcontroller determines that it needs to enter sleep mode. At this time, the MCU microcontroller will first pull the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 low. The low level of the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 will put transistor Q1 in a non-conducting state, meaning that the third and second pins of the transistor are not connected. At this time, the lower end of R5 can be considered as floating. Although the first power supply signal also passes through R4 and R5, it does not form an effective loop. That is, the voltages of the source and gate of MOSFET Q2 are the same, with no voltage difference, thus failing to meet the turn-on condition of the MOSFET. Therefore, the MOSFET is in a non-conducting state. At this time, the MODE pin of power module two is pulled down to ground by R2, meaning the MODE pin level changes from high to low. This switches the operating mode of power module two from PWM mode to PFM mode. Then, the MCU microcontroller pulls low on the second MCU pin GPIO2 to inform the SOC circuit that it needs to enter sleep mode. Upon receiving this signal, the second SOC pin GPIO22 of the SOC circuit begins executing the sleep logic. After execution, it pulls low on the first SOC pin GPIO11 to inform the MCU microcontroller that it has entered sleep mode.After the first MCU pin GPIO1 of the MCU microcontroller receives a low level from the SOC circuit, it needs to keep the fourth MCU pin GPIO4 low to ensure that the power module 2 continues to work in PFM mode. At the same time, the MCU microcontroller itself also starts to execute sleep logic and enters sleep state to further reduce the overall power consumption of the controller.

[0098] A switch isolation circuit is added between the control link of the MCU microcontroller and the power module 2 to achieve both effective implementation and response of control signals and end-to-end isolation.

[0099] It is understandable that the switch isolation circuit provided in Scheme 3 above, which consists of transistors, MOSFETs, resistors, etc., is only an example. That is to say, Q1 can be replaced with a MOSFET, Q2 can be replaced with a transistor, and the rest can be adjusted adaptively or modified in other ways. Alternatively, a conventional isolation circuit can be used to achieve the above-mentioned avoidance of interference factors such as jitter and malfunctions on the signal link, which may cause the power supply to malfunction and trigger the power supply operating mode, thereby further improving the stability of the power supply system.

[0100] Furthermore, the current detection at the output of power module two can be used to control the high and low level changes of the MODE pin of power module two, thereby obtaining scheme four. When the output current increases, the output voltage of the current detection circuit increases, pulling the MODE pin high; when the output current decreases, the output voltage of the current detection circuit decreases, pulling the MODE pin low. This can also realize the automatic switching of multiple working modes of power module two, such as PWM or PFM.

[0101] Specifically, a current detection circuit is added, which is connected to the MODE pin of the second power module and is used to detect the output current of the second power module; the current detection circuit includes:

[0102] The voltage divider circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein the resistance of the first resistor is less than the resistance of the second resistor; the second end of the first resistor is connected to the MODE pin of the power module 2, the first end of the second resistor is connected to the second end of the first resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0103] The third resistor is connected between the voltage output pin of the power module 2 and the voltage input pin of the SOC circuit.

[0104] An operational amplifier chip is connected to the third resistor to form a current sampling circuit; the operational amplifier chip is connected to the first end of the first resistor.

[0105] If the monitoring result is a wake-up signal hold, the current detection circuit pulls the level of the MODE pin high so that the power module two is in PWM mode;

[0106] If the monitoring result indicates that the wake-up signal is lost, the current detection circuit pulls down the level of the MODE pin to put the power module two into PFM mode.

[0107] Option 4 automatically switches the power module's operating mode based on the load current, without the need for software intervention. This saves software resources and avoids malfunctions in the power mode caused by software logic errors.

[0108] As an example, as shown in Figure 7, the difference between Scheme 4 and Scheme 1 is that resistor R3 is connected in series between power module 2 and the SOC circuit, and its left end is connected to the V of power module 2. out Connected, the right end is connected to the V of the SOC circuit. in Connect them together. Simultaneously, the left end of R3 is connected to the positive terminal of the operational amplifier chip, and the right end of R3 is connected to the negative terminal of the operational amplifier chip. The upper end of the operational amplifier chip is connected to the V power supply of power module one. out The lower end is connected to GND, and the left end is connected to the left end of resistor R1. The operational amplifier chip has a certain amplification factor, which can amplify and output the voltage difference sampled from the positive and negative terminals. That is, when a large current flows through R3, the voltage difference sampled by the operational amplifier chip will be amplified and output a high voltage; when a small current flows through R3, the voltage difference sampled by the operational amplifier chip will be amplified and output a low voltage. This high-low voltage transition is used to realize the high-low level transition of MODE, thereby realizing the automatic switching of the working mode of power module two.

[0109] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the logic switching corresponding to Scheme 4.

[0110] When the wake-up signal is continuously detected on the third MCU pin GPIO3 of the MCU microcontroller, the MCU microcontroller determines that the controller needs to enter the normal operating state. At this time, the MCU microcontroller pulls the second MCU pin GPIO2 high to inform the SOC circuit that it needs to start normal operation. After receiving this signal, the second SOC pin GPIO22 of the SOC circuit starts executing the normal operating logic. After execution, it pulls the first SOC pin GPIO11 high to inform the MCU microcontroller that it has entered the normal operating state. After receiving the high level from the SOC circuit, the first MCU pin GPIO1 of the MCU microcontroller needs to maintain the high level of the second MCU pin GPIO2 to ensure that the SOC circuit continues to be in the normal operating state. The SOC circuit in the normal operating state requires a large input current, that is, the current flowing through R3 will be high. A high voltage difference can be sampled across R3. This voltage difference is amplified by the operational amplifier chip and outputs a high voltage. This high voltage passes through the voltage divider circuit of R1 and R2, changing the level of the MODE pin of the second power module from the initial low level to the high level, switching the operating mode of the second power module from the default PFM mode to PWM mode. If the wake-up signal is lost, the MCU microcontroller determines that the controller needs to enter sleep mode. At this time, the MCU microcontroller pulls the second MCU pin GPIO2 low to inform the SOC circuit that it needs to enter sleep mode. Upon receiving this signal, the SOC circuit's second SOC pin GPIO22 begins executing the sleep logic. After execution, it pulls the first SOC pin GPIO11 low to inform the MCU microcontroller that it has entered sleep mode. After the MCU microcontroller's first MCU pin GPIO1 receives a low level from the SOC circuit, it needs to maintain the second MCU pin GPIO2 low to ensure the SOC circuit remains in sleep mode. The SOC circuit in sleep mode requires very little input current, meaning the current flowing through R3 will be low. A low voltage difference can be sampled across R3. This voltage difference is amplified by the operational amplifier chip, outputting a low voltage. This low voltage is then divided by the voltage divider circuit of R1 and R2, pulling the voltage of the MODE pin of power module two down to near 0V. In other words, the MODE pin level changes from high to low. At this point, the operating mode of power module two switches from PWM mode to PFM mode. Afterwards, the MCU microcontroller also begins to execute its sleep logic, entering sleep mode, further reducing the overall power consumption of the controller.

[0111] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0112] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0113] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A controller for automatic switching of multiple power supply operating modes, characterized in that, It includes: Power module one, which is configured to receive a power input signal and output a power supply signal one; The MCU microcontroller is configured to enter standby mode in response to the first power supply signal, listen for the wake-up signal sent by the vehicle, and send a SOC state switching signal based on the listening result; the second power module is configured to receive the power input signal and output the second power supply signal, and switch between PFM mode and PWM mode according to the high or low level result obtained by its MODE pin in response to the listening result. The SOC circuit is configured to enter a standby state in response to the second power supply signal, and to switch between a sleep state and a normal operating state according to the SOC state switching signal. The MCU microcontroller is connected to the second SOC pin of the SOC circuit through a second MCU pin. If the monitoring result indicates that the wake-up signal is held, the MCU microcontroller pulls the level of the second MCU pin high, and the SOC state switching signal indicates that the SOC circuit enters the normal operating state. If the monitoring result indicates that the wake-up signal is lost, the MCU microcontroller pulls the level of the second MCU pin low, and the SOC state switching signal indicates that the SOC circuit enters the sleep state.

2. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU microcontroller is connected to the first SOC pin of the SOC circuit via the first MCU pin; the MCU microcontroller is also configured to receive the current state result sent by the SOC circuit in response to the SOC state switching signal via the first MCU pin.

3. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU is also configured to enter normal operation mode if a wake-up signal is received, and to enter sleep mode if the wake-up signal is lost.

4. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power supply operating modes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second power module is also configured to enter a default mode after receiving a power input signal.

5. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power supply operating modes as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The default mode is PFM mode.

6. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: If the monitoring result indicates that the wake-up signal is held, the level of the MODE pin is pulled high to put the second power module in PWM mode; if the monitoring result indicates that the wake-up signal is lost, the level of the MODE pin is pulled low to put the second power module in PFM mode.

7. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The controller also includes a voltage divider circuit, which is connected between a preset pin of the MCU microcontroller and the MODE pin of the power module two. If the monitoring result is that the wake-up signal is held, the voltage divider circuit pulls the level of the MODE pin high to put the power module two into PWM mode. If the monitoring result is that the wake-up signal is lost, the voltage divider circuit pulls the level of the MODE pin low to put the power module two into PFM mode.

8. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The voltage divider circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor, and the resistance of the first resistor is less than the resistance of the second resistor; the preset pin is connected to the first end of the first resistor, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the MODE pin of the power module two, the first end of the second resistor is connected to the second end of the first resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded.

9. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The preset pin is either the second MCU pin or the fourth MCU pin of the MCU microcontroller; wherein, the MCU microcontroller is connected to the second SOC pin of the SOC circuit through the second MCU pin to send the SOC state switching signal.

10. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The controller further includes a switch isolation circuit, which is connected between the voltage divider circuit and the preset pin.

11. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power supply operating modes as described in claim 10, characterized in that: The switch isolation circuit includes a MOSFET, a transistor, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor. The drain (D) of the MOSFET is connected to a voltage divider circuit, the source (S) of the MOSFET is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor and also to the voltage output pin of the power module one, the gate (G) of the MOSFET is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor and also to the first end of the fifth resistor. The first pin of the transistor is connected to the preset pin, the third pin of the transistor is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, and the second pin of the transistor is grounded.

12. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The controller also includes a current detection circuit, which is connected to the MODE pin of the second power module and is used to detect the output voltage of the second power module. If the monitoring result is that the wake-up signal is held, the current detection circuit pulls the level of the MODE pin high to put the second power module in PWM mode. If the monitoring result is that the wake-up signal is lost, the current detection circuit pulls the level of the MODE pin low to put the second power module in PFM mode.

13. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The current detection circuit includes: a voltage divider circuit, which includes a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein the resistance of the first resistor is less than the resistance of the second resistor; the second end of the first resistor is connected to the MODE pin of the power module two, the first end of the second resistor is connected to the second end of the first resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded; a third resistor, which is connected between the voltage output pin of the power module two and the voltage input pin of the SOC circuit; an operational amplifier chip, which is connected to the third resistor to form a current sampling loop; and the operational amplifier chip is connected to the first end of the first resistor.

14. The controller for automatic switching of multiple power supply operating modes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The wake-up signal includes at least one of the following: CAN signal sent by the vehicle, IGN signal, and TBOX remote wake-up; and / or, the power module one uses a DC-DC converter or a PMIC chip; and / or, the power module one and the power module two receive the same power input signal.

15. A car, characterized in that: It includes a controller for automatic switching of multiple power operating modes as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

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