System and method for adjusting air supply diameter of blast furnace tuyere on line

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and method for adjusting the blast furnace tuyere air supply diameter on line, relates to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, and aims to solve the problem that air needs to be stopped to replace a tuyere small sleeve to adjust blast kinetic energy in the prior art. The system comprises a tuyere small sleeve, at least two reducing rings with different inner diameters and a pushing and recycling mechanism, guide locking grooves which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are formed in the inner wall of the tuyere small sleeve, matched guide locking keys are arranged on the outer sides of the reducing rings, fan-shaped push-pull arc grooves are formed in the inner walls of the reducing rings, and the reducing rings are stored in a storage cavity which is communicated with the rear end of a ventilation opening belly pipe. The pushing and recycling mechanism is clamped with a fan-shaped push-pull arc groove through a fan-shaped plate at the head of a push-pull rod, and pushing and recycling of the reducing ring are achieved. Under the conditions that the blast furnace does not stop blowing and the air volume is not reduced, the air supply diameter of the tuyere can be rapidly and stably adjusted in a graded mode, coal injection, charging and oxygen enrichment rate changes are accurately matched, stable combustion and reducing atmosphere of a rotation area are maintained, the production rhythm is guaranteed, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blast furnace ironmaking technology, and in particular to a system and method for graded adjustment of tuyeres' air supply diameter under continuous air supply conditions. Background Technology

[0002] The tuyere raceway is the main source of heat and kinetic energy in the blast furnace, often referred to as its "heart." High-temperature, oxygen-rich blast is delivered into the hearth at a set speed through the tuyere sleeve, which is fundamental to maintaining a stable combustion and reducing atmosphere in the raceway.

[0003] The size and depth of the vortex zone directly affect the activity of the hearth: too large a zone leads to the "development center," causing heat and airflow concentration; too small a zone leads to the "development edge," resulting in an inactive hearth and decreased heat transfer and reduction efficiency. Therefore, in production, it is necessary to adjust the blast energy as needed, while ensuring that the total air volume is controlled, to match changes in pulverized coal injection, charging, and oxygen enrichment rate.

[0004] The current common practice is to stop the airflow and replace the small nozzle sleeves with different throat diameters to change the effective diameter, thereby altering the kinetic energy of the hot air blower. However, this method requires shutting down the airflow or significantly reducing it, disrupting the production schedule and increasing maintenance frequency and costs.

[0005] Therefore, the industry urgently needs a system and method that is simple in structure and can be used to adjust the effective diameter of the air outlet in stages under the condition of continuous airflow, so as to quickly and stably adjust the kinetic energy of hot air blower without affecting the overall air volume control, keep the swirling zone at a suitable size and depth and maintain a stable combustion-reduction atmosphere. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention first provides a system for online adjustment of the blast furnace tuyeres' air supply diameter, including a tuyeres sleeve, at least two reducing rings, and a pushing and recovering mechanism; the inner wall of the tuyeres sleeve is provided with guide locking grooves evenly distributed circumferentially, the outer end of each guide locking groove having a dovetail groove and the inner end having a conical groove; the outer diameter of each reducing ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the tuyeres sleeve, and the inner diameters of each reducing ring are different; the outer side of each reducing ring is provided with guide locking keys corresponding to the guide locking grooves, the rear end of each guide locking key having a dovetail portion that mates with the dovetail groove, and the front end having a conical portion that mates with the conical groove; the inner wall of the reducing ring... The upper side is provided with a positively inclined fan-shaped protrusion and a negatively inclined fan-shaped protrusion, and a fan-shaped push-pull arc groove is formed between the positively inclined fan-shaped protrusion and the negatively inclined fan-shaped protrusion; the reducing ring is stored in the storage cavity at the rear end of the direct blow pipe of the ventilation port, and the storage cavity is provided with a hook and guide rail for transporting the reducing ring; the pushing and recycling mechanism includes a push-pull rod, the head of the push-pull rod is provided with a fan-shaped plate, the push-pull rod is mounted on the frame through a sleeve and a spring, and when the push-pull rod is pushed forward against the upper side of the inner wall of the reducing ring, it can be engaged in the fan-shaped push-pull arc groove. By rotating the fan-shaped plate, the fan-shaped plate can be rotated out of the push-pull arc groove, thereby realizing the pushing and recycling of the reducing ring.

[0007] Furthermore, the number of guide locking grooves is three, and they are distributed at 120° intervals along the circumference of the air vent sleeve. The number of guide locking keys is the same as the number of guide locking grooves.

[0008] Furthermore, the dovetail portion and the dovetail groove can reversibly and lightly lock the reducing ring under vibration and pneumatic pulsation, and the conical portion and the conical groove can achieve radial concentric positioning and axial limiting at the end stage of the reducing ring's forward feeding.

[0009] Furthermore, the sector plate is automatically engaged into the sector push-pull arc groove by the elastic force of the spring and the guiding action of the positive or negative inclined sector protrusion.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for online adjustment of the air supply diameter of a blast furnace tuyeres, based on the above-described system, comprising the following steps: (1) Select the reducing ring with the corresponding inner diameter according to the blast furnace production requirements; (2) The selected reducing ring is transported to the front of the air outlet sleeve by the hooks and guide rails in the storage cavity; (3) Control the push-pull rod of the push-pull mechanism to move forward, so that the fan-shaped plate at the head of the push-pull rod faces upward and closely adheres to the upper side of the inner wall of the reducing ring and enters the reducing ring. Under the combined action of the spring and the positive inclined fan-shaped protrusion or the negative inclined fan-shaped protrusion, the fan-shaped plate automatically gets into the fan-shaped push-pull arc groove. (4) Continue to control the push-pull rod to move forward and push the reducing ring into the air outlet sleeve. The dovetail of the guide locking key cooperates with the dovetail groove of the air outlet sleeve, and the conical part of the guide locking key cooperates with the conical groove of the air outlet sleeve to achieve the locking and positioning of the reducing ring. (5) Control the push-pull rod to rotate inside the sleeve, so that the sector plate turns from facing up to facing down and disengages from the sector push-pull arc groove. Then, remove the push-pull rod from the small sleeve of the air outlet to complete the adjustment of the air outlet's air supply diameter. (6) When it is necessary to adjust to other air supply diameters, repeat steps (1)-(5), or push the current reducing ring back by the push recovery mechanism and then push the new reducing ring back; when recovering the reducing ring, control the push-pull rod to enter the air outlet sleeve, so that the fan-shaped plate is stuck in the fan-shaped push-pull arc groove, and then control the push-pull rod to move back to pull the reducing ring back to the storage cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment process is carried out under the condition that the blast furnace is not shut down and the air volume is not reduced.

[0012] The technical advantage of this invention lies in its ability to rapidly and stably adjust the tuyere diameter in stages without interrupting blast furnace operation or reducing blast volume. This effectively adapts to changes in pulverized coal injection, charging, and oxygen enrichment, thereby maintaining a stable combustion and reducing atmosphere in the swirl zone, ensuring the continuity of blast furnace production. Simultaneously, it avoids the production interruption issues caused by traditional tuyere replacement during shutdowns, reducing maintenance frequency and related costs. Its structural design is simple and reasonable, and the adjustment process is reliable and efficient. It can precisely control the blast energy, maintaining appropriate hearth activity, improving heat transfer and reduction efficiency, and meeting the flexible adjustment needs of the blast furnace ironmaking process.

[0013] The following will further explain the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the air vent sleeve of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a rear view of the air vent sleeve of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the first reducing ring of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the second reducing ring of the present invention; Figure 5 This is another perspective view of the second reducing ring of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the push-pull rod and the sector plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the push-pull rod of the present invention pushing the first diameter-reducing ring into the air inlet sleeve; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the push-pull rod of the present invention pushing the first reducing ring into the air inlet sleeve and then retracting it from the sleeve. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the push-pull rod of the present invention pushing the second diameter reduction ring into the air inlet sleeve; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the push-pull rod of the present invention pushing the second reducing ring into the air inlet sleeve and then retracting it from the sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates several preferred embodiments of the present invention to make its technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

[0016] In the accompanying drawings, components with the same structure are indicated by the same numerical designation, and components with similar structures or functions are indicated by similar numerical designations. The dimensions and thicknesses of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrary, and the present invention does not limit the dimensions and thicknesses of each component. To make the illustrations clearer, the thickness of some components has been appropriately exaggerated in the drawings.

[0017] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the system for online adjustment of the blast furnace tuyeres' air supply diameter according to the present invention includes a tuyeres sleeve 1. The inner wall 10 of the tuyeres sleeve 1 is provided with three guide locking grooves 11, which are spaced 120° apart in the circumferential direction. The outer end of the guide locking groove 11 is provided with a dovetail groove 111 with a trapezoidal cross-section, and the inner end is provided with a conical groove 112.

[0018] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the system also includes two reducing rings 2 and 3 that can mate with the small air vent sleeve 1. The reducing rings 2 and 3 have the same outer diameter, but the inner diameter of reducing ring 2 is larger than that of reducing ring 3. Three guide locking keys 21 are provided on the outer sides of reducing rings 2 and 3, corresponding to the guide locking groove 11. Each guide locking key 21 has a dovetail portion 211 at its rear end that mates with a dovetail groove 111, and a front end that mates with a conical groove 112.

[0019] When the reducing rings 2 and 3 are assembled to the air outlet sleeve 1, the dovetail portion 211 of the guide locking key 21 and the dovetail groove 111 of the air outlet sleeve 1 provide reversible "light locking" under vibration and pneumatic pulsation through the cooperation of the conical portion 212 of the guide locking key 21 and the conical groove 112 of the air outlet sleeve 1. The radial concentric positioning and axial limiting of the reducing ring at the end of the forward delivery stage can be achieved through the cooperation of the conical portion 212 of the guide locking key 21 and the conical groove 112 of the air outlet sleeve 1.

[0020] like Figure 5As shown, the inner walls of the reducing rings 2 and 3 are provided with a positively inclined fan-shaped protrusion 22 and a negatively inclined fan-shaped protrusion 23, forming a fan-shaped push-pull arc groove 24 between the positively inclined fan-shaped protrusion 22 and the negatively inclined fan-shaped protrusion 23. The inclined surface design of the positively inclined fan-shaped protrusion 22 and the negatively inclined fan-shaped protrusion 23 can minimize wind resistance.

[0021] Reducing rings 2 and 3 are normally stored in the storage chamber at the rear end of the direct blow pipe of the vent. The storage chamber is equipped with hooks and guide rails, which can transport the selected reducing ring to the front of the vent sleeve.

[0022] like Figure 6-10 As shown, the system also includes a push-and-recovery mechanism, which includes a push-pull rod 4 with a sector-shaped plate 41 at its head. The push-pull rod 4 is mounted on the frame 7 via a sleeve 5 and a spring 5. When the reducing ring 2 or 3 is transported to the front of the air outlet sleeve 1, the sector-shaped plate 41 of the push-pull rod 4, facing upwards and closely adhering to the upper inner wall of the reducing ring 2 or 3, extends into the reducing ring 2 or 3. Under the combined action of the spring 5 and the positive inclined sector-shaped protrusion 22 or the negative inclined sector-shaped protrusion 23, the sector-shaped plate 41 automatically engages in the sector-shaped push-pull arc groove 24. At this time, the push-and-recovery mechanism pushes or retracts the reducing ring 2 or 3 by controlling the push-pull rod 4 to move forward or backward. After the reducing ring 2 or 3 is pushed or retracted into place, the pushing and retraction mechanism controls the push-pull rod 4 to rotate inside the sleeve 5, so that the sector plate 41 turns from facing up to facing down, thereby causing the sector plate 41 to disengage from the sector push-pull arc groove 24, and then the push-pull rod 4 can exit into the air outlet sleeve 1.

[0023] The push mechanism and the reducing ring are designed to allow the reducing ring to be pushed into the tuyere sleeve without interrupting the air supply and without the interior of the tuyere being visible, thereby enabling online adjustment of the air supply diameter of the blast furnace tuyere.

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A system for online adjustment of blast furnace tuyere blow diameter, characterized in that, The invention discloses a blast furnace tuyere diameter adjusting device, which comprises a tuyere sleeve, at least two reducing rings and a pushing and recycling mechanism.

2. The system for online regulation of blast furnace tuyere blast diameter as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The inner wall of the tuyere sleeve is provided with uniformly distributed circumferential guide locking grooves, the outer end of the guide locking groove is provided with a dovetail groove, and the inner end is provided with a conical groove.

3. The system for online regulation of blast furnace tuyere blast diameter as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The outer diameter of the reducing ring is matched with the inner diameter of the tuyere sleeve, the inner diameters of the reducing rings are different from each other, the outer side of the reducing ring is provided with a guide locking key corresponding to the guide locking groove, the rear end of the guide locking key is provided with a dovetail part matched with the dovetail groove, the front end is provided with a conical part matched with the conical groove, the upper side of the inner wall of the reducing ring is provided with a positive bevel fan-shaped protrusion and a reverse bevel fan-shaped protrusion, and the positive bevel fan-shaped protrusion and the reverse bevel fan-shaped protrusion form a fan-shaped push-pull arc groove.

4. The system for online regulation of blast furnace tuyere draft diameter as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The reducing ring is stored in a storage cavity at the rear end of the blast furnace tuyere straight blowing pipe, the storage cavity is provided with a hook and a guide rail for conveying the reducing ring, the pushing and recycling mechanism comprises a push-pull rod, the head of the push-pull rod is provided with a fan-shaped plate, the push-pull rod is installed on the rack through a sleeve and a spring, and the push-pull rod can be clamped into the fan-shaped push-pull arc groove when it is pushed forward along the upper side of the inner wall of the reducing ring.

5. A method of online adjustment of blast furnace tuyere blow diameter, characterized in that, The number of the guide locking grooves is three, and they are distributed at an interval of 120 degrees along the circumference of the tuyere sleeve. The dovetail part and the dovetail groove can realize reversible and light locking of the reducing ring under vibration and pneumatic pulsation, and the conical part and the conical groove can realize radial concentric positioning and axial limiting of the front end of the reducing ring. The fan-shaped plate is automatically clamped into the fan-shaped push-pull arc groove through the elastic force of the spring and the guiding effect of the positive bevel fan-shaped protrusion or the reverse bevel fan-shaped protrusion. The system based on any one of claims 1-4 comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a reducing ring with a corresponding inner diameter according to the production requirements of the blast furnace; (2) conveying the selected reducing ring to the front of the tuyere sleeve through the hook and the guide rail in the storage cavity; (3) controlling the push-pull rod of the pushing and recycling mechanism to advance, so that the fan-shaped plate at the head of the push-pull rod is inserted into the reducing ring along the upper side of the inner wall of the reducing ring, and the fan-shaped plate is automatically clamped into the fan-shaped push-pull arc groove under the joint action of the spring and the positive bevel fan-shaped protrusion or the reverse bevel fan-shaped protrusion; 6. The method of online adjusting tuyere air flow diameter of a blast furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, (4) continuing to control the push-pull rod to advance, so that the reducing ring is pushed into the tuyere sleeve, and the locking and positioning of the reducing ring are realized through the cooperation of the dovetail part of the guide locking key and the dovetail groove of the tuyere sleeve and the cooperation of the conical part of the guide locking key and the conical groove of the tuyere sleeve; (5) controlling the push-pull rod to rotate in the sleeve, so that the fan-shaped plate is turned from upward to downward and is separated from the fan-shaped push-pull arc groove, and then the push-pull rod is withdrawn from the tuyere sleeve, thereby completing the adjustment of the diameter of the blast furnace tuyere; (6) when it is necessary to adjust to other blast furnace tuyere diameters, steps (1)-(5) are repeated, or the current reducing ring is recycled and then a new reducing ring is pushed; when the reducing ring is recycled, the push-pull rod is controlled to be inserted into the tuyere sleeve, the fan-shaped plate is clamped into the fan-shaped push-pull arc groove, and then the push-pull rod is controlled to retreat, so that the reducing ring is pulled back to the storage cavity. The adjustment process is carried out under the condition that the blast furnace does not stop blowing and does not reduce the air volume.

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