Method for detecting geometric parameters and surface topography of threaded raceway profile

Abstract

The invention provides a method for detecting geometric parameters and surface topography of a profile of a threaded raceway, and for a triangular threaded raceway, the geometric parameters of the profile of the raceway comprise a contact angle, a slope angle and a tooth-shaped angle; for a roller type raceway and a ball type raceway, the raceway molded surface geometric parameters comprise a contact angle, a raceway radius, an adaptation ratio, an axial eccentricity and a radial eccentricity; the surface appearance comprises the roughness and waviness of the contact line. The detection method comprises the steps of preparation for detection, acquisition of axial section contour data of a raceway, selection of a raceway to be detected, determination of a radius lead angle and a lead of a detection circle, preprocessing of raceway data, mapping of the raceway data to a normal plane, calculation of raceway profile geometric parameters, acquisition of contact line contour data and calculation of raceway surface topography parameters. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, high-precision and integrated detection of geometric parameters and surface quality of the thread raceway is realized, and a reliable basis is provided for quality evaluation and performance improvement of a screw transmission part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of thread raceway inspection, and in particular, it is a method for inspecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of thread raceway profiles. Background Technology

[0002] The thread raceway is a core functional surface of precision helical drive components such as ball screw assemblies and planetary roller screw assemblies. The profile parameters of the thread raceway are key design elements, directly affecting the transmission efficiency, load-bearing capacity, stiffness, and service life of the helical drive component. The thread raceway profile refers to the geometric shape formed by the intersection of the normal plane of the guiding helix and the raceway. The profile shape of helical drive components varies depending on the application. For example, ball screw assemblies often employ a Gothic double-circular-arc profile, with typical profile parameters including contact angle, raceway radius, and fit ratio.

[0003] The contact angle is the angle between the common normal at the contact point between the ball and the raceway and the perpendicular line to the screw axis. Its magnitude directly affects transmission efficiency, load-bearing capacity, and the smoothness of ball circulation. The fit ratio is the ratio of the raceway radius to the ball diameter, used to achieve a balance between load-bearing capacity and wear resistance. These profile parameters are key inspection items for ball screw assemblies at the factory.

[0004] Besides geometric parameters, the surface morphology of the raceway (such as roughness and waviness) also significantly impacts the performance and lifespan of screw drive components. Roughness is typically caused by tool friction, material plastic deformation, or high-frequency vibration, manifesting as randomly distributed microscopic peaks and valleys (such as tool marks), which directly affect friction and wear. Waviness, on the other hand, is mainly caused by vibrations in the machining system (such as machine tool spindle eccentricity, grinding wheel imbalance, etc.), exhibiting regular fluctuations (such as turning marks). It is not only a significant source of vibration noise but also significantly reduces the fatigue strength and contact strength of the workpiece.

[0005] Most existing inspection methods employ a single device to measure specific parameters step-by-step. For example, contact profilometers can be used to detect surface geometry parameters, typically by acquiring the axial plane profile of the thread raceway and projecting it onto the normal plane using a projection algorithm to calculate the corresponding parameters. However, this method is only applicable to small-lead thread raceways, limiting its accuracy and applicability. On the other hand, existing roughness testers and waviness testers can only detect the surface quality of planar workpieces, making it difficult to effectively detect the surface quality of curved thread raceways. Therefore, existing inspection methods still have shortcomings in terms of comprehensiveness and accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for detecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of thread raceways, so as to solve the problems of limited detection range of thread raceway geometric parameters, insufficient surface quality detection dimensions, and inability to achieve comprehensive detection of thread raceway geometric parameters and surface morphology in the prior art. This method enables high-precision, integrated detection of thread raceway geometric parameters and surface quality, providing a reliable basis for quality evaluation and performance improvement of screw drive components.

[0007] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for detecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of a thread raceway, wherein for a triangular thread raceway, the geometric parameters of the raceway profile include: contact angle, slope angle, and tooth profile angle; for roller raceways and ball raceways, the geometric parameters of the raceway profile include: contact angle, raceway radius, fit ratio, axial eccentricity, and radial eccentricity; and the surface morphology includes: contact line roughness and waviness.

[0009] The corresponding raceway profile geometry parameters and surface morphology are obtained using the following formula:

[0010] For triangular thread raceways:

[0011] Contact angle on the left side of the raceway: Contact angle on the right side of the raceway: ;

[0012] Slope angle on the left side of the raceway :when and When the signs are different, ,when and When the numbers are the same, ;

[0013] right side slope angle of the raceway :when and When the signs are different, ,when and When the numbers are the same, ;

[0014] Tooth angle: ;

[0015] For roller raceways and ball raceways:

[0016] Contact angle on the left side of the raceway: Contact angle on the right side of the raceway: ;

[0017] Raceway radius on the left side: The radius of the right side of the raceway: ;

[0018] Left side fit ratio of the raceway: ;Right side fit ratio of the raceway: ;

[0019] Axial eccentricity on the left side of the raceway: ; Axial eccentricity on the right side of the raceway: ;

[0020] Radial eccentricity on the left side of the raceway: Radial eccentricity on the right side of the raceway: ;

[0021] Surface morphology is achieved by collecting the profile morphology variables of the raceway contact line. The length of the contact line curve, as the vertical axis. Using the horizontal axis, the space curve is transformed into a straight line, and then Gaussian filtering is performed to separate the roughness profile and waviness profile. Roughness and waviness are then calculated using national standards.

[0022] in, Let the coordinates of the center of the test circle in the normal plane be given. To check the radius of the circle, The shape parameters of the left side of the raceway in the normal plane. The shape parameters of the right side of the raceway within the normal plane.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of the present invention are:

[0024] This invention can simultaneously detect the geometric parameters and surface morphology of the thread raceway, avoiding the limitations of step-by-step detection; through multi-sensor integration and unified calibration, it improves detection accuracy and efficiency; it has a wider range of applications, enabling the detection of raceways with different leads and complex surface profiles; the detection results are comprehensive and reliable, effectively supporting the quality control and performance evaluation of helical drive components. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 The image shows an isometric view of the device for detecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of the thread raceway.

[0026] Figure 2 The device for detecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of the thread raceway is used to acquire a local isometric view of the lead screw shaft plane profile.

[0027] Figure 3 The device for detecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of the thread raceway is used to collect a partial isometric view of the nut's axial plane profile.

[0028] Figure 4A partial front view of the contact line contour data of the screw raceway, acquired by the device for detecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of the screw raceway.

[0029] Figure 5 A partial isometric drawing of the nut raceway contact line contour data is collected by the device for detecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of the thread raceway.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the detection method for detecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of the thread raceway.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a planar profile diagram of the lead screw raceway method.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a diagram of commonly used raceway shapes.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the coordinate system of the lead screw raceway.

[0034] Symbol explanation:

[0035] 1. Machine bed; 2. Clamping and positioning module; 201 Motor base; 202 Rotary motor; 203 Angular displacement detection sensor; 204 Workpiece clamping device; 3. Support module; 301 Workpiece support device; 302 Support device guide device; 303 Support device fixing switch; 4. Measuring module; 401 First moving module; 402 Second moving module; 403 Contour sensor mounting module; 404 External thread raceway contour sensor; 405 Internal thread raceway contour sensor; 406 Displacement sensor; 5. Cylindrical inspection bar; 6 External thread raceway workpiece; 7 Internal thread raceway workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a device for detecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of a thread raceway, which consists of five modules: a device bed 1, a clamping and positioning module 2, a support module 3, a measuring module 4, and a cylindrical inspection bar 5. The device bed 1 serves as the base of the entire device, upon which the other parts are mounted. Therefore, the device bed 1 needs to possess high stability and high precision. Furthermore, the device bed 1 is made of marble.

[0038] The clamping and positioning module 2 is mounted on the machine bed 1 and consists of a motor base 201, a rotary motor 202, an angular displacement detection sensor 203, and a workpiece clamping device 204. The function of the clamping and positioning module 2 is to clamp workpieces with threaded raceways, such as lead screws and nuts, restricting their degrees of freedom. The motor base 201 is directly fixed to the machine bed 1, and the rotary motor 202 is installed inside the motor base 201. The rotary motor 202 has a brake function. When the brake is open, the rotary motor 202 is fixed in place and cannot rotate; when the brake is closed, the rotary motor 202 can rotate. The angular displacement detection sensor 203 is installed inside the motor base 201 and detects the angle of rotation of the rotary motor 202's shaft. The workpiece clamping device 204 is connected to the rotary motor 202 and can quickly clamp the workpiece and achieve automatic centering and high repeatability clamping requirements. Furthermore, the workpiece clamping device 204 is a chuck with a centering accuracy of not less than 0.02 mm. The chuck can simulate the actual clamping state of the workpiece during machining. Furthermore, the rotary motor 202 is a servo motor.

[0039] Support module 3 is mounted on the machine bed 1 and consists of workpiece support device 301, support device guide device 302, and support device fixing switch 303. The function of support module 3 is to support long-shaft workpieces and ensure coaxiality during the inspection process. To ensure the consistency of the workpiece rotation center, the axis of workpiece support device 301 is strictly aligned with the axis of workpiece clamping device 204, with an error not exceeding 0.01mm. To accommodate long-shaft workpieces of different sizes, workpiece support device 301 needs to be movable along the workpiece axis and able to be fixed when moved to the desired position. To achieve this function, support device guide device 302 is fixed to the machine bed 1, and workpiece support device 301 is mounted on support device guide device 302. Support device fixing switch 303 consists of a clamp-type pressure plate locking mechanism; the distance between the clamp-type pressure plate and support device guide device 302 is adjusted by rotating the locking handle. When the locking handle is released, a gap remains between the clamp-shaped pressure plate and the support device guide device 302, thus the support device fixing switch 303 is in the open state, allowing the workpiece support device 301 to move relative to the support device guide device 302 in the direction of the workpiece's axial length. When the support device fixing switch 303 needs to be closed, the locking handle is tightened. The resulting static friction between the clamp-shaped pressure plate and the support device guide device 302 fixes the position of the workpiece support device 301, preventing it from moving. Furthermore, the workpiece support device 301 is a center tailstock. The center tailstock simulates the actual support state of the workpiece during processing. Furthermore, the support device guide device 302 is a guide rail slider module.

[0040] The measurement module 4 consists of a first moving module 401, a second moving module 402, a contour sensor mounting module 403, a displacement sensor 406, and contour sensors. The contour sensors include an external thread raceway contour sensor 404 and an internal thread raceway contour sensor 405. The external thread raceway contour sensor 404 and the internal thread raceway contour sensor 405 do not appear simultaneously; one is selected and mounted in the contour sensor mounting module 403 according to the workpiece type. The function of the measurement module 4 is to collect the axial plane contour data of the internal and external thread raceways for subsequent use in a detection method for detecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of the thread raceway profile. The first moving module 401 is mounted on the machine bed 1 and has a single-direction degree of freedom of movement. Its direction of movement is parallel to the axis of the workpiece. The displacement of the first moving module 401 in its direction of movement is monitored in real time by the displacement sensor 406. Part of the displacement sensor 406 is mounted on the machine bed 1, and part is mounted on the first moving module 401. Specifically, when the displacement sensor 406 is a grating ruler module, the grating ruler is mounted on the machine bed 1, and the reading head is mounted on the first moving module 401. When the displacement sensor 406 is a laser interferometer module, the frequency-stabilized laser is mounted on the machine bed 1, and the measuring mirror is mounted on the first moving module 401. The error of the displacement sensor 406 is no greater than 1μm. The second moving module 402 is mounted on the first moving module 401. The second moving module 402 also has only a single degree of freedom of movement, perpendicular to the movement direction of the first moving module 401 and perpendicular to the machine bed 1. The contour sensor mounting module 403 is mounted on the second moving module 402. The second moving module 402 allows the contour sensor mounting module 403 to have a degree of freedom of movement in the vertical direction. The external thread raceway contour sensor 404 or the internal thread raceway contour sensor 405 is mounted on the contour sensor mounting module 403. Different contour sensors are selected according to the type of workpiece being measured. For workpieces with external threads, an external thread raceway profile sensor 404 is installed; for workpieces with internal threads, an internal thread raceway profile sensor 405 is installed. The error of the profile sensor is no greater than 1 μm. The measurement direction of the profile sensor is a one-dimensional linear direction. The measurement direction of the profile sensor is the normal direction of the measured surface. When the electronic switch within the profile sensor mounting module 403 is open, the profile sensor can move along the axis of the mounting module 403. When the electronic switch is closed, the profile sensor has no degree of freedom of movement relative to the mounting module 403. Under normal circumstances, the profile sensor is perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown. When the internal electronic switch is turned on, it can rotate to form an angle with the vertical direction. Then, when the electronic switch is turned off, this angle is maintained. Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown. To improve measurement efficiency, when detecting external thread raceways, the second moving module 402 can be equipped with two or more sets of contour sensor mounting modules 403 and external thread raceway contour sensors 404. However, for internal thread workpieces, due to insufficient workpiece size, only one set of contour sensor mounting modules 403 and internal thread raceway contour sensors 405 can be installed. If the internal thread raceway space is large enough and there is no interference, two sets of contour sensor mounting modules 403 and internal thread raceway contour sensors 405 can also be installed to improve efficiency. Furthermore, both the first moving module 401 and the second moving module 402 are linear motor modules; the contour sensor mounting module 403 is a voice coil motor module.

[0041] The cylindrical inspection bar 5 is used to calibrate the position of the profile measuring sensor after it has been installed, ensuring that the axis of the profile measuring sensor intersects and is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical inspection bar 5, thus guaranteeing that the acquired data is axial cross-sectional profile data. Furthermore, the cylindrical inspection bar 5 has an accuracy class of M (GB / T 25377-2010).

[0042] Based on this, the present invention also provides a method for detecting the geometric parameters and surface morphology of a thread raceway, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1 Test Preparation. The purpose of test preparation is to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the collected data. The specific steps are as follows:

[0044] S101 Establish the detection coordinate system .like Figure 1 As shown, the origin is the intersection of the central axis of the workpiece clamping device 204 and the outermost end face of the workpiece clamping device 204. With the central axis of the workpiece clamping device 204 as... The axis, the workpiece clamping device 204 points in the direction of the support module 3. The positive direction of the axis is defined by the vertical line intersecting the central axis. The axis points upwards. Establish a Cartesian coordinate system along the positive direction of the axis. .

[0045] S102 Select and install the profile sensor. Select the profile sensor according to the thread raceway type of the workpiece to be measured and install it onto the profile sensor mounting module 403. If the workpiece to be measured is an external thread raceway workpiece 6, select the external thread raceway profile sensor 404; if the workpiece to be measured is an internal thread raceway workpiece 7, select the internal thread raceway profile sensor 405. Then install the selected profile sensor onto the profile sensor mounting module 403. Furthermore, when the length of the external thread raceway workpiece 6 is short and support module 3 is not required, the internal thread raceway profile sensor 405 can also be used. The internal thread raceway profile sensor 405 can extend inside the nut (typically an internal thread raceway workpiece) or collect profile data on the surface of the lead screw (typically an external thread raceway workpiece). However, when using support module 3 to support a long lead screw, the acquisition length of the internal thread raceway profile sensor 405 will be shorter to avoid collision with support module 3. The 404 external thread raceway profile sensor can measure the entire length of the lead screw thread raceway. However, it cannot extend into the nut. Therefore, a suitable profile sensor needs to be selected based on the workpiece type.

[0046] S103 Calibrate the coordinate system. Ensure the established detection coordinate system is correct. The coordinate system is the same as that used during actual data collection.

[0047] S10301 calibrates the X-axis coordinate system. The first moving module 401 is driven to move, and the second moving module 402 is driven to align the contour sensor with the outermost end face of the workpiece clamping device 204. Then, the origin of the displacement sensor 406 is set to the current position, i.e., the X-axis coordinate of this position is set to 0.

[0048] S10302 calibration axial coordinate system and Axial coordinate system. Calibrated using cylindrical test bar 5. axial coordinate system and The origin of the axial coordinate system is set so that the profile sensor is directly above the workpiece's centerline, ensuring that the measured data is axial section profile data.

[0049] S1030201 drives the second moving module 402 to move the contour sensor away from the device. Shaft. This is to ensure that the profile sensor will not be damaged when the cylindrical inspection bar 5 is installed.

[0050] S1030202 opens the brake of the rotary motor 202, and then clamps the cylindrical inspection bar 5 with the workpiece clamping device 204, and supports it with the support module 3.

[0051] S1030203 drives the second moving module 402, enabling the contour sensor to detect the surface of the cylindrical inspection bar 5.

[0052] The electronic switch inside the mounting module 403 of the S1030204 profile sensor is turned on, allowing the profile sensor to... The sensor reciprocates along the axis, recording the values ​​measured within the contour sensor. Then, the contour sensor stops at the measured maximum value, and the electronic switch within the contour sensor mounting module 403 is turned off. This position is then set. The axis coordinate is 0.

[0053] S1030205 Obtain the maximum value measured by the contour sensor, and set the position at which the radius of the detected cylindrical inspection bar 5 is subtracted from the maximum value as... The origin of the axis.

[0054] S1030206 drives the second moving module 402 to move the contour sensor away from the device. Shaft. Then remove the cylindrical inspection bar 5.

[0055] S104 Install the workpiece to be tested. Install the workpiece to be tested into the workpiece clamping device 204. Determine whether to activate the support module 3 to support it based on the type of workpiece to be tested.

[0056] S2 acquires the axial cross-sectional profile data of the raceway. The first moving module 401 is driven to allow the profile sensor to acquire the axial cross-sectional profile data of the raceway surface of the workpiece under test, while the displacement sensor 406 acquires the displacement data of the first moving module 401. The displacement data of the moving module 401 acquired by the displacement sensor 406 is the axial cross-sectional profile data of the workpiece raceway. Axial data, the data collected by the contour sensor is the axial cross-sectional contour data of the workpiece raceway. Axial data. The acquired axial section profile data contains at least one generalized raceway data point. Each generalized raceway data point begins with one shaft surface, transitions to the raceway, and then ends with another shaft surface, such as... Figure 7 As shown.

[0057] S3 selects the raceway to be measured. Ensure that a generalized raceway data set is selected, encompassing both side shaft surfaces and the middle raceway portion. Specifically, the measured raceway axial cross-sectional profile data is plotted in the host computer, and a generalized raceway data set is manually selected.

[0058] The obtained generalized rolling track data uses the following dataset. express:

[0059]

[0060] say This is the generalized dataset of the raceway to be detected.

[0061] For collection Axis data, For collection Axis data. Subscript This refers to the sequence number of the collected data. . This represents the total number of data points collected. Because the collected axial cross-section is... The planes coincide, therefore The data for the axis is 0.

[0062] S4 determines the radius of the inspection circle. With lead angle and guide The radius of the design reference circle is taken as the radius of the inspection circle. The design reference circle is the reference circle used when designing the raceway profile, such as... Figure 8 As shown by the dashed circle. In particular, the inspection circle radius of the raceway of a ball screw pair is the ball radius designed in its raceway.

[0063] Lead angle This refers to the lead angle used in the design.

[0064] Guide This refers to the lead during the design process.

[0065] S5 raceway data preprocessing. The purpose of this step is to extract the effective portion of the raceway and perform coordinate system transformation so that the raceway data can be mapped to the normal plane later.

[0066] S501 extracts the effective portion of the raceway. The purpose of this step is to remove portions of the non-raceway shape from the acquired cross-sectional profile. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the connection between the raceway and the shaft surface usually has a tooth tip fillet. Ball screw pairs also typically have a groove at the junction of the left and right sides of the raceway. These are not part of the raceway shape and therefore need to be removed before calculation; otherwise, they will affect the final calculation results.

[0067] pass The characteristics of shaft data allow for the extraction of the portion belonging only to the raceway from the collected cross-sectional data. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the truncation rule is to truncate... Data points whose axis data satisfy the following inequality :

[0068] (1)

[0069] in, It is the height of a generalized raceway cross section collected, such as Figure 7 As shown. , They are respectively The maximum and minimum values ​​of the axis data. , . To find the maximum value function, This is a function that takes the minimum value. , It is a constant, satisfying , .

[0070] Furthermore, .

[0071] S502 Obtains the left side dataset of the raceway in the axial plane. Data set on the right side of the raceway in the axis plane The data obtained in S501 contains both left-side and right-side data of the raceway within the axis plane. It is necessary to distinguish between them and obtain the left-side dataset of the raceway within the axis plane. Data set on the right side of the raceway in the axis plane . and These are all generalized datasets of the rolling tracks that need to be detected. Subsets of . They can be represented as follows:

[0072] (2)

[0073] (3)

[0074] It is the left side dataset of the raceway in the axial plane. The first data in the required detection range is from the generalized rolling track dataset. The serial number in It is the right-side dataset of the raceway in the axial plane. The first data in the required detection range is from the generalized rolling track dataset. The serial number in the sequence. This represents the number of data points on the left side of the raceway. This represents the number of data items on the right side of the raceway. , Satisfy the following formula: .

[0075] The indices of all data points that satisfy equation (1) Arrays are constructed in ascending order. .

[0076] For arrays Perform first-order difference calculation . This is a first-order difference calculation function, which is calculated by subtracting the number preceding it from the number in a row or column of data, where the first number is subtracted from itself.

[0077] beg China satisfies The numbers and their indices. Because there is only one raceway, it satisfies... There is only one number, record it as... The serial number in is Then the number can be written as .remember The first number in is . Array The index of the last number in the middle is .

[0078] but , , , .

[0079] S503 locates the intersection of the raceway axis plane and the normal plane. To map data from the raceway axis plane to the normal plane, their relationship must first be found. The raceway axis plane intersects the normal plane, and the acute angle between them is the lead angle. Therefore, it is necessary to use the dataset on the left side of the raceway in the axial plane. Data set on the right side of the raceway in the axis plane Find the line of intersection between the axial plane and the normal plane.

[0080] The method used here is the "falling ball method." The "falling ball method" involves making the test circle tangent to both the left and right sides of the raceway within the axial plane, and then calculating the center of the test circle when it is in contact equilibrium. Axis coordinates .in It represents the center of the circle. Axis coordinates, subscript This refers to the plane containing the axis. Therefore... This is the intersection line between the raceway axis plane and the normal plane. The specific steps of the "drop ball method" are as follows:

[0081] Fitting the raceway data in the S50301 shaft plane. The left side dataset of the raceway in the shaft plane... Data set on the right side of the raceway in the axis plane Each raceway was fitted separately to obtain its shape parameters. In particular, the Pratt least squares fitting algorithm was used to fit the raceway shape in the axial plane.

[0082] The shape parameters of the left side of the raceway in the axial plane are as follows: The shape parameters of the right side of the raceway in the axial plane are as follows: In the subscript, Indicates the left side of the raceway. Indicates the right side of the raceway. Indicates the axial plane.

[0083] We can solve this using the following formula:

[0084] in, Shape parameters of the left side of the raceway in the axial plane The function, This is the constraint function for the left side of the raceway within the axial plane.

[0085] We can solve this using the following formula:

[0086] in, Shape parameters of the left side of the raceway in the axial plane The function, This is the constraint function for the left side of the raceway within the axial plane.

[0087] S50302 Calculates the center of the inspection circle in the axial plane. Axis coordinates The calculation methods differ depending on the relative positions, forms, and shapes of the raceways. A raceway can be divided into an upper raceway and a lower raceway based on their relative positions, such as... Figure 7 As shown; according to the raceway form, they can be divided into external thread raceways and internal thread raceways; according to the raceway shape, they can be divided into triangular thread raceways, roller raceways, and ball raceways, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0088] The left and right sides of the triangular thread raceway are both composed of straight lines. The equation of the straight line on the left side of the raceway is: The equation of the straight line on the right side of its raceway is: .

[0089] Both roller raceways and ball raceways have circular arcs on the left and right sides. The equation of the circular arc on the left side of the raceway is: The equation of the circular arc on the right side of the raceway is: . , These are the center and radius of the arc on the left side of the raceway, respectively. , These are the subscripts for the center and radius of the arc on the right side of the raceway, respectively. Indicates the left side of the raceway. Indicates the right side of the raceway. Indicates the axial plane.

[0090] The center of the arc on the left side of the raceway in the axial plane and radius Calculated by the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] The center of the arc on the right side of the raceway in the axial plane and radius Calculated by the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0095] When the raceway is a triangular thread type, such as Figure 8 As shown in (a):

[0096] The X-axis coordinate of the center of the inspection circle when the upper raceway of an external thread raceway or the lower raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact balance. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] The X-axis coordinate of the center of the inspection circle when the lower raceway of an external thread raceway or the upper raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact balance. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0099]

[0100] When the raceway is a roller raceway, such as Figure 8 As shown in (b):

[0101] The X-axis coordinate of the center of the inspection circle when the upper raceway of an external thread raceway or the lower raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact balance. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0102]

[0103] The X-axis coordinate of the center of the inspection circle when the lower raceway of an external thread raceway or the upper raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact balance. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0104]

[0105] When the raceway is a ball bearing raceway, such as Figure 8 As shown in (c):

[0106] The X-axis coordinate of the center of the inspection circle when the upper raceway of an external thread raceway or the lower raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact balance. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0107]

[0108] The X-axis coordinate of the center of the inspection circle when the lower raceway of an external thread raceway or the upper raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact balance. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0109]

[0110] The angle is formed by the lines connecting the center of the right arc of the raceway in the axial plane to the center of the left arc of the raceway and the center of the inspection circle. The line connecting the center of the right arc of the raceway and the center of the left arc of the raceway. The included angle of the axes. Subscript Indicates the axial plane.

[0111] The calculation method is as follows:

[0112] For roller raceways

[0113]

[0114] For ball bearing raceways

[0115]

[0116] The calculation method is as follows:

[0117]

[0118] but It is the line of intersection between the axial plane and the normal plane.

[0119] S504 sets the intersection of the axial plane and the normal plane to zero.

[0120] To facilitate mapping the raceway data in the axis plane to the normal plane, the intersection of the axis plane and the normal plane needs to be zeroed out. This means resetting the left-side dataset of the raceway in the axis plane. Data set on the right side of the raceway in the axis plane of Subtract all axis data Obtain the standard left-side dataset of the raceway in the axial plane. Standard right-side dataset of raceways in the axial plane In other words:

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] S6 maps the raceway data to the normal plane.

[0124] Because the raceway profile geometry parameters are the raceway geometry parameters in the normal plane, and the generalized raceway dataset obtained above is required for detection. It is axial section profile data. Therefore, it is necessary to map the effective portion of the raceway to the normal plane. The standard left-side dataset of the raceway in the axial plane was obtained in the previous step. Standard right-side dataset of raceways in the axial plane It needs to be mapped onto the normal plane using a certain algorithm.

[0125] S601 transforms the raceway data in the axis plane to the raceway axis plane coordinate system. Although the raceway data for the axial plane was obtained above, that was done in the detection coordinate system. To map raceway data to the normal plane, it is necessary to use the raceway axis plane coordinate system. and normal plane coordinate system The internal structure is completed. Because the threaded raceway is formed based on the guide helix, each raceway has an axial-plane coordinate system. with the normal plane coordinate system They are all related to the guide spiral, such as Figure 9 As shown. The axial plane coordinate system. The shaft coincides with the central axis of the workpiece. Axis perpendicular to The axis intersects the guide helix, and the direction from the intersection point to the guide helix is... The positive direction of the axis. Because It is a Cartesian coordinate system, therefore it satisfies the right-hand rule. The axes are now determined. Establish the axis-plane coordinate system. Around Axis rotation lead angle (A right-handed guide helix represents counter-clockwise rotation, and a left-handed helix represents clockwise rotation), thus obtaining the normal plane coordinate system of the raceway. It can be seen that... The axis is the intersection of the axial plane and the normal plane of the raceway.

[0126] Because the detection coordinate system has already been set in step S5. The intersection of the axial plane and the normal plane in the middle is zeroed out; therefore, at this time... shaft and Axis coincidence, shaft and Axis coincidence, shaft and Axis coincidence, such as Figure 9 and Figure 1 As shown. Therefore, the detection coordinate system Transformation of raceway data from central plane to raceway axis plane coordinate system The method is as follows:

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] For the axial plane coordinate system Data on the left side of the raceway in the middle, For the axial plane coordinate system The data on the right side of the raceway. The top left index... This indicates that it belongs to the raceway axis plane coordinate system. . , They are respectively of Axis data and Axis data, , They are respectively of Axis data and Axis data. Subscript The sequence number is the data on the left side of the raceway. subscript This refers to the sequence number of the data on the right side of the raceway. . This represents the number of data points on the left side of the raceway. This represents the number of data items on the right side of the raceway.

[0130] S602 Extracts the Axial Plane Coordinate System Use the effective data of the raceway to construct an axis-plane coordinate system. Effective data matrix on the left side of the middle raceway and the effective data matrix on the right side of the raceway .

[0131] because and There is a row of data with 0 in each matrix, which affects matrix calculations. Therefore, we need to remove this row of 0 data to facilitate calculations. , The construction method is as follows:

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] S603 calculates the axis-normal transformation matrix at each data point. , . The first one on the left side of the raceway The axis-normal transformation matrix of the data. The first one on the right side of the raceway The axis-normal transformation matrix of the data. , middle left subscript Represents the axial plane coordinate system top left Representation of plane coordinate system Subscript and top left mark This indicates that the function of this matrix is ​​to establish an axial-plane coordinate system. Data in the middle is mapped to the normal plane coordinate system. middle. , The calculation method is as follows:

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] in, For lead angle, For the guide. , The first one on the left side of the raceway The data and the right side of the raceway. The spiral travel angle of each data point. , It is calculated by the following formula:

[0138]

[0139] in, ,when This indicates that the parameter belongs to the left side of the raceway. When the value is 0, it indicates that the parameter belongs to the right side of the raceway.

[0140] The above equation is a transcendental equation. It can be solved in various ways. Here, we only introduce the robust and computationally efficient bisection method. The squeeze interval of the bisection method is... The two endpoints of the squeeze interval , The calculation method is as follows:

[0141]

[0142] The criterion for using the bisection method is error. This method ensures that the calculation accuracy is no greater than [a certain value]. Meanwhile, the calculation speed is in the millisecond range.

[0143] S604 calculates the raceway profile data mapped onto the normal plane. The data is mapped from the left side of the raceway to the normal plane. This refers to the data mapped from the right side of the raceway to the normal plane. Their calculation methods are as follows:

[0144]

[0145]

[0146] , They are respectively of Axis data and Axis data, , They are respectively of Axis data and Axis data.

[0147] S7 calculates the raceway profile parameters.

[0148] S701 maps the left side of the raceway to the normal plane. Data mapped from the right side of the raceway to the normal plane Raceway shape fitting was performed separately to obtain the raceway planar shape parameters. Specifically, the Pratt least squares fitting algorithm was used for... , Perform fitting.

[0149] The shape parameters of the left side of the raceway in the normal plane are: The shape parameters of the right side of the raceway in the normal plane are: In the subscript, Indicates the left side of the raceway. Indicates the right side of the raceway. Representation plane.

[0150] We can solve this using the following formula:

[0151]

[0152] in, The shape parameters of the left side of the raceway in the normal plane The function, The constraint function is the function on the left side of the raceway within the normal plane.

[0153] We can solve this using the following formula:

[0154]

[0155] in, The shape parameters of the right side of the raceway in the normal plane The function, The constraint function is the right side of the raceway within the normal plane.

[0156] S702 uses the "falling ball method" to calculate the coordinates of the center of the test circle in the plane. .

[0157] When the raceway is a triangular thread type:

[0158] The coordinates of the center of the inspection circle when the upper raceway of an external thread raceway or the lower raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact equilibrium. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0159]

[0160] The coordinates of the center of the inspection circle when the lower raceway of an external thread raceway or the upper raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact balance. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0161] When the raceway is a roller raceway:

[0162] The coordinates of the center of the inspection circle when the upper raceway of an external thread raceway or the lower raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact equilibrium. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0163]

[0164] The coordinates of the center of the inspection circle when the lower raceway of an external thread raceway or the upper raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact balance. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0165]

[0166] When the raceway is a ball-type raceway:

[0167] The coordinates of the center of the inspection circle when the upper raceway of an external thread raceway or the lower raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact equilibrium. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0168]

[0169] The coordinates of the center of the inspection circle when the lower raceway of an external thread raceway or the upper raceway of an internal thread raceway is in contact balance. The same calculation method can be used, as shown in the following formula:

[0170]

[0171] in,

[0172]

[0173]

[0174] , Let be the center and radius of the circle on the right side of the raceway within the normal plane, respectively. , These are the center and radius of the circle on the left side of the raceway in the normal plane, respectively.

[0175] The angle is formed by the lines connecting the center of the right arc of the raceway in the normal plane to the center of the left arc of the raceway and the center of the inspection circle. Let the line connecting the center of the right arc of the raceway and the center of the left arc of the raceway in the normal plane be... The included angle of the axes. Subscript Indicates the axial plane.

[0176] The calculation method is as follows:

[0177] For roller raceways

[0178]

[0179] For ball bearing raceways

[0180]

[0181] The calculation method is as follows:

[0182]

[0183] S703 calculates the normal section parameters.

[0184] For triangular thread raceways, such as Figure 8 As shown, its normal section parameters are:

[0185] Contact angle on the left side of the raceway :

[0186] Contact angle on the right side of the raceway :

[0187] Slope angle on the left side of the raceway :when and When the signs are different, ,when and When the numbers are the same, .

[0188] right side slope angle of the raceway :when and When the signs are different, ,when and When the numbers are the same, .

[0189] tooth angle :

[0190] For roller raceways and ball raceways, such as Figure 8 As shown, its normal section parameters are:

[0191] Contact angle on the left side of the raceway :

[0192] Contact angle on the right side of the raceway :

[0193] Raceway radius on the left side of the raceway :

[0194] Raceway radius on the right side of the raceway :

[0195] Adaptation ratio on the left side of the raceway :

[0196] Adaptation ratio on the right side of the raceway :

[0197] Axial eccentricity on the left side of the raceway :

[0198] Axial eccentricity on the right side of the raceway :

[0199] Radial eccentricity on the left side of the raceway :

[0200] Radial eccentricity on the right side of the raceway :

[0201] The S8 collects contact line contour data. First, the contour sensor for data acquisition is located, and then the contact line contour data is collected.

[0202] S801 positioning contour sensor. For example... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the profile sensor needs to be rotated by a certain angle within the axial plane. That is, the angle between the contour sensor and the vertical direction in the axial plane is... For positioning purposes, the distance between the measurement point of the profile sensor and the raceway symmetry line also needs to be provided. .

[0203] calculate and .

[0204] The left side of the raceway The calculation method is as follows:

[0205]

[0206] The right side of the raceway The calculation method is as follows:

[0207]

[0208] in, , They are respectively the left and right sides of the raceway. , The diameter of the pitch circle. For the guide, The lead angle. , These are the helical stroke angles at the contact points on the left and right sides of the raceway, respectively.

[0209] Their calculation methods are as follows:

[0210]

[0211]

[0212] The left side of the raceway The calculation method is as follows:

[0213]

[0214] The right side of the raceway The calculation method is as follows:

[0215]

[0216] , They are respectively the left and right sides of the raceway. The contour sensor is used according to the calculated... and To locate.

[0217] S802 acquires contact line contour data. The rotary motor 202 and the first moving module 401 are started to acquire contact line contour data. During acquisition, the movements between the rotary motor 202 and the first moving module 401 are linked. The data is acquired based on the rotation angle of the rotary motor 202. Let be the variable, then the moving distance of the first moving module 401 is:

[0218]

[0219] Because the rotary motor 202 drives the workpiece to rotate, It also represents the rotation angle of the workpiece to be measured.

[0220] The data collected by the profile sensor is recorded as follows (morphological variable), where is the ordinate, and the curve length of the contact line is... , where x is the horizontal axis. These form the trajectory profile used for roughness and waviness calculations. It can be calculated using the following formula:

[0221] The left side of the raceway The calculation method is as follows:

[0222]

[0223] The right side of the raceway The calculation method is as follows:

[0224]

[0225] S9 calculates the surface morphology parameters of the raceway.

[0226] The S901 uses a Gaussian filter to filter the trajectory profile, separating the roughness and waviness profiles. Let the Gaussian filter be denoted as... . This is the filter cutoff wavelength. Let be the distance from the center of the Gaussian weighting function. Then the weighting function of the Gaussian filter is:

[0227]

[0228] in, It is a constant.

[0229] It needs to be filtered by three Gaussians. The values ​​are respectively , and . It is the boundary between roughness and shorter waves. It is the boundary between roughness and waviness. It is the boundary between waviness and waves that are longer than it. , and The value needs to be determined by the profile sensor.

[0230] The profile used for roughness calculation is:

[0231]

[0232] The profile used for waviness calculation is:

[0233]

[0234] S902: Calculation of roughness and waviness. Calculate the roughness of the contact point helix according to the calculation method specified in GB / T3505-2009 (ISO4287:1997). , Value and ripple , value.

Claims

1. A method of detecting thread race profile geometry parameters and surface topography for a triangular thread race, the race profile geometry parameters comprising: Contact angle, slope angle and tooth angle; For roller type raceway and ball type raceway, the raceway profile geometry parameters include: contact angle, raceway radius, conforming ratio, axial eccentricity and radial eccentricity; the surface topography includes: roughness and waviness of contact line; characterized in that, The corresponding raceway profile geometry parameters and surface topography are obtained by the following formula: For triangular thread type raceway: Contact angle left side of raceway: Contact angle right side of raceway: ​ left side slope angle of raceway : when and opposite in sign, , when and same in sign, ; right side slope angle of raceway : when with opposite signs, , when with same signs, ; toothed angle: ; For roller type raceway and ball type raceway: Contact angle left side of raceway: ; Contact angle right side of raceway: ; Roller path left side roller path radius: Roller path right side roller path radius: ; Roller path left side adaptation ratio: Roller path right side adaptation ratio: ; Axial eccentricity of the left-hand side of the raceway: Axial eccentricity of the right-hand side of the raceway: ; Radial eccentricity left side of raceway: Radial eccentricity right side of raceway: ; Surface topography by acquisition of raceway contact line profile topography variables As ordinate, the curve length of the contact line As abscissa, the spatial curve is converted into a straight line, then a Gaussian filter is used to separate the roughness profile and the waviness profile, and the roughness and waviness are calculated using the national standard. wherein is the center coordinate of the inspection circle in the tangent plane, is the radius of the inspection circle, is the shape parameter of the left side of the raceway in the tangent plane, is the shape parameter of the right side of the raceway in the tangent plane.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, When the raceway is a triangular thread raceway, the center coordinates of the inspection circle in the pitch plane are calculated are calculated by the following formula: (1) When the upper raceway of the external thread raceway or the lower raceway of the internal thread raceway: ； (2) When the lower raceway of the external thread raceway or the upper raceway of the internal thread raceway: 。 3. The method of claim 1, wherein, When the raceway is a roller raceway or a ball raceway, the center coordinates of the inspection circle in the reference plane are calculated by the following formula: When the raceway is a roller type raceway: (1) When the upper raceway of the external thread raceway or the lower raceway of the internal thread raceway: ； (2) When the lower raceway of the external thread raceway or the upper raceway of the internal thread raceway: ； When the raceway is a ball type raceway: (1) When the upper raceway of the external thread raceway or the lower raceway of the internal thread raceway: ； (2) When the lower raceway of the external thread raceway or the upper raceway of the internal thread raceway: ； wherein , are the center and the radius of the right side of the raceway in the tangent plane, respectively, , are the center and the radius of the left side of the raceway in the tangent plane, respectively, is the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the right side of the raceway in the tangent plane with the center of the left side of the raceway in the tangent plane, respectively, and the center of the inspection circle, is the angle between the line connecting the center of the right side of the raceway in the tangent plane with the center of the left side of the raceway in the tangent plane and the axis, axis is the coordinate axis in the tangent plane coordinate system .

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The center and radius of the raceway in the normal plane are calculated by the following formula: ， 。 5. The method of claim 3, wherein, wherein , The calculation method is as follows: For roller type raceway, ； For ball type raceway, ； The calculation method is as follows: 。 6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The raceway shape parameters in the normal plane are calculated by the following formula: Solving by the equation: ； wherein is a shape parameter for the left side of the raceway in the tangent plane is a function of is a constraint function for the left side of the raceway in the tangent plane Solving by the equation: ； in, The shape parameters of the right side of the raceway in the normal plane The function, The constraint function for the right side of the raceway within the normal plane; , They are respectively of Axis data and Axis data, , They are respectively of Axis data and Axis data; The data is mapped from the left side of the raceway to the normal plane. The data mapped from the right side of the raceway to the normal plane; shaft and The axes are the normal plane coordinate system. In coordinate axes and coordinate axes; , These are the sequence numbers for the data on the left and right sides of the raceway, respectively. , These represent the number of data points on the left and right sides of the raceway, respectively.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The data of the raceway mapping to the normal plane is obtained by the following process: ； ； ， ； ， ； in, The first one on the left side of the raceway The axis-normal transformation matrix of the data. The first one on the right side of the raceway The axis-normal transformation matrix of the data. Lead angle, For the guide, , The first one on the left side of the raceway The data and the right side of the raceway. The spiral stroke angle of each data point; , They are respectively the axial plane coordinate system The effective data matrix on the left side of the raceway and the effective data matrix on the right side of the raceway. , They are respectively of Axis data and Axis data, , They are respectively of Axis data and Axis data, For the axial plane coordinate system Data on the left side of the raceway in the middle, For the axial plane coordinate system Data on the right side of the raceway, , It is obtained from the following formula: ； ； ， ； wherein , are the standard left and right data sets for the axial in-plane raceway, respectively, , are the left and right data sets for the axial in-plane raceway, respectively; is the X-axis coordinate of the center of the axial in-plane inspection circle.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The raceway helix angle is obtained by the following formula: and is solved by dichotomy; the dichotomy interval is where the two endpoints of the interval are , The calculation method is as follows: ； wherein , when , indicates that the parameter belongs to the left side of the raceway, and when , indicates that the parameter belongs to the right side of the raceway.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein, When the raceway is a triangular thread raceway, the X-axis coordinate of the center of the inspection circle in the axial plane of the shaft is calculated by the following equation: (1) When the upper raceway of the external thread raceway or the lower raceway of the internal thread raceway: ； (2) When the lower raceway of the external thread raceway or the upper raceway of the internal thread raceway: ； wherein is a shape parameter for the left side of the axial plane inner raceway, is a shape parameter for the right side of the axial plane inner raceway.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein, When the raceway is a cylindrical raceway, the X-axis coordinate of the center of the inspection circle in the axial plane of the shaft is calculated by the following equation: is calculated by the following equation: (1) When the upper raceway of the external thread raceway or the lower raceway of the internal thread raceway: ； (2) When the lower raceway of the external thread raceway or the upper raceway of the internal thread raceway: ； When the raceway is a ball-type raceway, the X-axis coordinate of the center of the inspection circle in the axial plane is calculated by the following equation: (1) When the upper raceway of the external thread raceway or the lower raceway of the internal thread raceway: ； (2) When the lower raceway of the external thread raceway or the upper raceway of the internal thread raceway: ； wherein, and are the center and radius of the left side circular arc of the axial plane raceway, respectively, and are the center and radius of the right side circular arc of the axial plane raceway, respectively; is the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the right side circular arc of the axial plane raceway with the center of the left side circular arc of the axial plane raceway, respectively, and the center of the inspection circle, is the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the right side circular arc of the axial plane raceway with the center of the left side circular arc of the axial plane raceway, and the axis.

11. The method of detecting thread race profile geometry and surface topography of claim 10, wherein, 、 By the following formula: ； For roller type raceway, ； For ball type raceway, 。 12. A method of detecting thread race profile geometry and surface topography according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that, The center and radius of the raceway in the axial plane are calculated by the following formula: ， ； wherein is a shape parameter for the left side of the axial plane inner raceway, is a shape parameter for the right side of the axial plane inner raceway.

13. The method of detecting thread raceway profile geometry and surface topography according to claim 9 or 12, wherein, The raceway shape parameters in the axial plane are calculated by the following formula: Solving by the equation: ； wherein is a shape parameter for the left side of the axial plane inner raceway is a function of is a constraint function for the left side of the axial plane inner raceway Solving by the equation: ； wherein is a shape parameter for the left side of the axial plane inner raceway is a function of is a constraint function for the left side of the axial plane inner raceway , Data in the left-hand data set for the axial in-plane raceway , , Data in the right-hand data set for the axial in-plane raceway , Serial number of the data acquired is Serial number of the first data in the raceway general data set for which detection is desired , is Serial number of the first data in the raceway general data set for which detection is desired; i.e. , , is constructed as follows: ； ； The configuration of the above-described embodiment is as follows. ； , are the collected data of the axis and the axis, respectively, is the total number of collected data points, is obtained by drawing the measured axial cross-sectional profile data of the raceway in the host computer and manually framing a generalized raceway data.

14. The method of claim 6 and 13, wherein , , , By the following formula: ， ， ， ； wherein the subscript for all data points that satisfy the following equation an array constructed in ascending order of: ； is the first number in to satisfy the number in the order of i.e. the number to satisfy is is the last number in is a first-order difference calculated function, the calculation method of which is to subtract the number in front of a row or a column of data from the number in the row or column, where the first number is subtracted from itself; is the height of a generalized raceway cross section that is collected, , are respectively maximum and minimum values of the shaft data, , is a constant.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein, The raceway axial section profile data is obtained by the following method: The lead screw or nut is clamped in the clamping mode of the processing machine tool; The profile sensor is calibrated so that the axis of the profile sensor intersects and is perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw or nut, ensuring that the collected is the axial section profile data; The profile sensor moves along the axis direction of the lead screw or nut, and collects the X axis and Y axis data when the profile sensor moves, which is the raceway axial section profile data.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein, Collecting topography variables The positioning of the profile sensor is as follows: The angle between the profile sensor in the axial plane and the vertical direction is given. and the distance between the measuring point of the profile sensor and the raceway symmetry line. ; calculate the and The method is as follows: (1) At the left side contact line of the raceway: ， ； (2) At the right side contact line of the raceway: ， ； wherein , are the contact point at the left and right side of the raceway, respectively , , are the contact point at the left and right side of the raceway, respectively ; is the pitch diameter, is the lead, is the lead angle, , are the helical path angles at the contact point at the left and right side of the raceway, respectively.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The helix angle at the raceway contact point is calculated as follows: ； 。 18. The method of claim 1, wherein, Collecting topography variables At this time, the rotational movement of the workpiece and the linear movement of the profile sensor are linked, and the specific linkage is as follows: The angle of rotation of the workpiece is The movement distance of the profile sensor is: 。 19. The method of claim 1, wherein, The length of the curve of the contact line The calculation method is as follows: Left side of the raceway: ； Right side of the raceway: ； , are the contact line curve lengths of the left and right sides of the raceway, respectively.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein, The profile for surface topography calculation is obtained by the following method: The profile for roughness calculation is: ； The profile for waviness calculation is: ； wherein is a Gaussian filter, is a filter cut-off wavelength, is a distance from the center of the Gaussian weight function, the weight function of the Gaussian filter being: ； wherein is a constant, is a limit between roughness and waves shorter than it, is a limit between roughness and waviness, is a limit between waviness and waves longer than it.

21. The method of detecting thread raceway profile geometry and surface topography of claim 15 or 16, wherein, The raceway axial section profile data and contact line profile data are measured by the following device, which comprises: Device bed, for fixing and installing the rest of the components; Clamping positioning module, for clamping the workpiece to be measured, limiting the degrees of freedom of the workpiece to be measured; Supporting module, for supporting the workpiece to ensure coaxiality during detection; The measuring module is used for completing the axial plane profile data and the contact line profile data of the inner and outer thread raceways; A cylindrical inspection rod is used for calibrating the position of the profile sensor; The clamping and positioning module and the supporting module can simulate the clamping mode of the workpiece on the machining tool; the measuring module is composed of a first moving module, a second moving module, an installation module of the profile sensor, a displacement sensor and the profile sensor; the installation module of the profile sensor is a voice coil motor module, which can provide the profile sensor with the moving freedom along the axial direction of the installation module of the profile sensor and the rotating freedom around the axis when the electronic switch of the voice coil motor module is opened; the two freedoms are used for calibrating and positioning the profile sensor.

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