Method for quantitatively determining high-density seismic acquisition point receiving mode

Abstract

The invention provides a method for quantitatively determining a receiving mode of a high-density seismic acquisition point, and the method comprises the steps: 1, carrying out the investigation of an interference wave field, and solving a wave number range; 2, theoretically calculating a matching relationship between combinations and point receiving coverage times, and designing section test parameters; 3, carrying out combination and point receiving coverage frequency degradation analysis based on a segment test; 4, establishing a combination and point receiving coverage frequency matching relation based on degradation analysis; and 5, designing an observation system, carrying out cost performance analysis, and determining single-point receiving adaptability. According to the method for quantitatively determining the receiving mode of the high-density seismic acquisition points, the effectiveness of single-point receiving can be effectively determined, the number of coverage times required by the single-point receiving can be determined, the applicability of the single-point receiving in a target exploration area is determined by combining cost analysis and based on cost performance factors, the data quality is ensured, and the exploration risk is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, in particular to a method for quantitatively determining a receiving mode of a high-density seismic acquisition point. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the deepening of seismic exploration, high-density seismic acquisition technology has been widely applied. The receiver receiving mode directly affects the seismic acquisition effect. In high-density seismic acquisition technology, the receiving mode adopts single-point and combination receiving modes. In the current description of single-point high-density seismic acquisition technology, only the advantages and disadvantages of single-point and combination receiving modes are described. It is believed that combination suppresses regular interference and random interference, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of data, reduces the influence of environmental noise, greatly expands the dynamic range, and is beneficial to weak signal recording. Single-point receiving fully samples seismic signals and interference noise, has no suppression effect on signals and noise, avoids suppressing interference noise that changes with the fixed combination mode in the whole area, and has the advantage of preserving the authenticity of field raw data. Compared with combination acquisition single-shot records, single-point acquisition single-shot records have the following disadvantages: the signal-to-noise ratio of field records is low, there is strong surface wave and background noise, and most studies are qualitative descriptions without quantitative comparison and analysis.

[0003] In the Chinese patent application with application number 200510134758.5, a single-point single-channel high-density seismic exploration data acquisition method is disclosed. The method uses a single-channel and single digital signal receiver to receive signals. The received analog signals are directly converted into digital signals and output to a signal acquisition station. The acquisition station processes, stores, and processes the transmitted digital signals, decomposes them, and forms geological data. The digital receiver has one receiver per channel, and the distance between each channel is 5-10 meters. The patent focuses on the process of implementing the single-point high-density seismic acquisition method and does not provide a basis for selecting the two receiving modes.

[0004] In the Chinese patent application with application number 202211524764.1, a method and system for extracting low-frequency single-point geophone pattern combination are disclosed, which belong to the field of oil exploration. The method includes: (1) processing low-frequency single-point geophone data to obtain processed data; (2) extracting multiple pattern units from the processed data on the geophone line, obtaining a plurality of pattern units, and processing the pattern units to obtain aggregate data; and (3) processing the aggregate data to obtain combined data after pattern combination. The patent describes the processing process of the data received by the low-frequency single-point geophone and does not provide a basis for selecting the single-point and combination receiving modes.

[0005] In the Chinese patent application No. 202211254973.9, a method and device for analyzing the impact of geophone combination on fidelity are disclosed. The method can include establishing a geophysical model of the exploration area, and then conducting two-dimensional high-density numerical simulation. According to the field acquisition parameters, the seismic data with the same sampling interval and different geophone combinations are selected. The imaging data of different geophone combinations are obtained by imaging processing the seismic data of different geophone combinations respectively. The impact of geophone combination on reservoir imaging is determined according to the imaging data of different geophone combinations and the imaging data of single-point receiving, and the final geophone combination is determined. The patent application determines the residual error of different geophone combinations and single-point receiving seismic data by migration imaging, quantitatively analyzes the impact of geophone combination on seismic data fidelity, and guides the determination of the combination mode of field seismic acquisition geophone in field production, considering the signal-to-noise ratio and fidelity of seismic data in seismic acquisition. The patent does not provide a basis for selecting single-point and combination receiving modes.

[0006] Therefore, how to determine the receiving mode matched with the high-density observation system needs to be quantitatively analyzed and compared according to the block interference wave characteristics, the effective frequency band of seismic data, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the profile to form a quantitative analysis conclusion. The existing high-density seismic acquisition technology does not systematically analyze and compare the combination and single-point in the selection of receiving mode, and there is no effective method for determining the effective receiving mode according to the data characteristics of the seismic acquisition block. Through retrieval, no XY literature is found, and the present application has novelty. Since there is no solution to the technical problem we want to solve in the prior art, we have invented a new method for quantitatively determining the receiving mode of high-density seismic acquisition points. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for quantitatively determining the receiving mode of high-density seismic acquisition points, which can determine the effectiveness of the receiving mode of high-density acquisition points, broaden the effective frequency band, and improve the resolution.

[0008] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical measures: a method for quantitatively determining the receiving mode of high-density seismic acquisition points, which comprises:

[0009] Step 1, interference wave field investigation, and determination of wave number range;

[0010] Step 2, theoretical calculation of the matching relationship between combination and point receiving coverage times, and design of segment test parameters;

[0011] Step 3, combination and point receiving coverage times degradation analysis based on segment test;

[0012] Step 4: Establish a matching relationship between the number of times the combination and point reception coverage are established based on degradation analysis;

[0013] Step 5: Design the observation system, conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis, and determine the adaptability of a single-point receiver.

[0014] The objective of this invention can also be achieved through the following technical measures:

[0015] In step 1, a high-density spatial sampling regular interference wave field and external environmental noise investigation and analysis are carried out using a 1m×1m square array to obtain the velocity and frequency characteristic parameters of the regular interference wave and the external environmental noise, and to determine their wave number range.

[0016] In step 1, a geological target requirement analysis is performed to obtain characteristic parameters such as the exploration target speed and the maximum protection frequency, and to determine its wavenumber range.

[0017] In step 2, the minimum required combined receiving parameters are calculated based on the principle of protecting the effective frequency band of the effective wave. Using the obtained interference wave field and environmental noise wave field parameters, combined with the high-density observation system parameters of the acquisition area, comprehensive noise reduction calculations are performed using two methods: indoor processing superposition + field small combination and indoor processing superposition + point reception.

[0018] In step 2, the noise reduction calculation for both indoor processing overlay + outdoor small combination and indoor processing overlay + point reception methods is performed according to the following formula:

[0019]

[0020] In the formula, S AVG The average superposition response is given, where N is the number of receiving points and λ is the λ value. MAX λ is the maximum wavelength of the interference wave. MI N is the minimum wavelength of the interference wave, n is the number of detectors, and d is the channel spacing; the noise suppression values ​​of the two are compared to establish a matching relationship between them, which guides the selection of actual high-density section test parameters.

[0021] In step 3, based on the theoretically calculated matching relationship between point reception and combined reception, the experimental observation parameters for the two reception methods are designed according to the required spatial sampling rate and coverage times.

[0022] In step 4, after completing the field acquisition in step 3, the same processing procedure is used to perform coverage degradation processing for both point reception and combined reception methods. The degradation processing method is to uniformly extract different shot-receiver distance gathers of 1 / 10, 2 / 10, 3 / 10...10 / 10 from the CDP gathers to avoid the influence of other observation parameters.

[0023] In step 4, profiles of different coverage times for point reception and combined reception are obtained. For the main target layer, signal-to-noise ratio quantization analysis is performed on different frequency bands to establish the relationship curves between the coverage times and signal-to-noise ratio for the two reception methods. The coverage times of the two reception methods under the same quantization requirements are determined, and the matching relationship between single-point and combined reception is established.

[0024] In step 5, the observation system is designed based on the coverage number of the single-point reception method determined by the matching relationship between the two reception methods, point reception and combined reception. The cost investment required for the single-point reception observation system and the small combined reception observation system are compared. The suitability of single-point acquisition is determined by using the investment in the acquisition project as a criterion.

[0025] The objective of this invention can also be achieved through the following technical measures: a system for quantitatively determining the receiving method of high-density seismic acquisition points, wherein the system for quantitatively determining the receiving method of high-density seismic acquisition points uses a method for quantitatively determining the receiving method of high-density seismic acquisition points to determine the effectiveness of the receiving method of high-density acquisition points.

[0026] The objective of this invention can also be achieved through the following technical measures: a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program; wherein, when the computer program is running, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute a method for quantitatively determining the receiving mode of high-density seismic acquisition points.

[0027] The method for quantitatively determining the receiving mode of high-density seismic acquisition points in this invention belongs to the field acquisition parameter analysis and determination technology of seismic exploration. By analyzing the regular interference waves, environmental noise, and effective wave velocity and frequency characteristics of the acquisition area, and by combining the superposition principle with field combination for theoretical noise reduction analysis and comparison, and by combining point reception and combined reception in two high-density band tests, the matching relationship between point reception and combined reception is determined based on the principle of equivalent signal-to-noise ratio. Considering the data quality and cost-effectiveness, the effectiveness of the high-density acquisition point receiving mode is determined, so as to broaden the effective frequency band and improve the resolution. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart of a specific embodiment of the method for quantitatively determining the receiving mode of high-density seismic acquisition points according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a high-density interference wavefield survey array in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram comparing the noise reduction values ​​of small combined reception and single-point reception with different coverage times in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of a single-point and combined reception comparison test observation system in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of single-point and combined reception with different coverage times in a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the matching relationship curves between the signal-to-noise ratio of single-point and combined reception and the number of coverages in a specific embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of single-point and combined reception with different coverage times in a specific embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the matching relationship curves between the signal-to-noise ratio of single-point and combined reception and the number of coverages in a specific embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0037] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, and / or combinations thereof.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for quantitatively determining the receiving mode of high-density seismic acquisition points according to the present invention. The method for quantitatively determining the receiving mode of high-density seismic acquisition points includes:

[0039] Step 1: Conduct a high-density spatial sampling investigation and analysis of the regular interference wave field and external environmental noise using a 1m×1m square array to obtain the velocity and frequency characteristic parameters of the regular interference wave and external environmental noise, and determine their wavenumber range; conduct a geological target requirement analysis to obtain characteristic parameters such as the exploration target velocity and the highest protection frequency, and determine their wavenumber range.

[0040] Step 2: Based on the principle of protecting the effective frequency band of the effective wave, calculate the required minimum combined receiving parameters. Using the obtained interference wave field and environmental noise wave field parameters, combined with the high-density observation system parameters of the acquisition area, perform comprehensive noise reduction calculations according to the following formulas for two methods: indoor processing superposition + field small combination, and indoor processing superposition + point reception.

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, S AVG The average superposition response is given, where N is the number of receiving points and λ is the λ value. MAX λ is the maximum wavelength of the interference wave. MIN Let n be the minimum wavelength of the interference wave, n be the number of detectors, and d be the channel spacing. The noise suppression values ​​of the two are compared to establish a matching relationship, primarily to guide the selection of actual high-density section test parameters.

[0043] Step 3: Based on the theoretically calculated matching relationship between the two receiving methods, design the experimental observation parameters for the two receiving methods according to the required spatial sampling rate and coverage times.

[0044] Step 4: After completing the field acquisition in Step 3, the same processing procedure is used to perform coverage degradation processing for both methods. The degradation processing method involves uniformly sampling source gathers at different shot-receiver distances (1 / 10, 2 / 10, 3 / 10...10 / 10) from the CDP gathers to ensure the fairness and reasonableness of the comparison and to avoid the influence of other observation parameters. Profiles of different coverage counts for point reception and combined reception are obtained. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) quantization analysis is performed on the main target layer at different frequency bands to establish the relationship curves between coverage count and SNR for the two reception methods. The coverage counts for each reception method under the same quantization requirements are determined, and the matching relationship between single-point and combined reception is established.

[0045] Step 5: Design the observation system based on the coverage number of the single-point reception method determined by the matching relationship between the two reception methods. Compare the cost required for the single-point reception observation system and the small-group reception observation system. Use the investment in the data acquisition project as the criterion to determine the suitability of single-point acquisition.

[0046] In the selection of receiving methods for high-density seismic acquisition, it is often difficult to scientifically and rationally determine whether to use single-point or combined reception. Generally, a qualitative determination is made based on single-shot data, and there is no effective basis or method for selecting the number of coverage iterations for single-point acquisition. This invention utilizes the analysis based on the characteristic parameters of the interference wave field and effective wave wavelength, conducts theoretical analysis based on the superposition principle, and combines high-density segment tests to effectively compare the combined and single-point receiving methods. It establishes a matching relationship for the number of coverage iterations for the two receiving methods, effectively determining the effectiveness of single-point reception, determining the required number of coverage iterations for single-point reception, and combining cost analysis based on cost-effectiveness factors to determine the applicability of single-point reception in the target exploration area, ensuring data quality and avoiding exploration risks.

[0047] This invention is based on a high-density seismic acquisition method. According to the characteristics of interference wave development in the seismic acquisition block, with the goal of ensuring effective bandwidth and improving the signal-to-noise ratio at the high-frequency end, the appropriate reception type is determined by quantization comparison of single-point and combined reception, thereby achieving the purpose of broadening the effective bandwidth and improving resolution.

[0048] The following are several specific embodiments of the application of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1:

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The flowchart below shows the detailed analysis of the method for determining the effectiveness of single-point reception in density seismic acquisition according to the present invention.

[0051] In step 101, firstly utilize Figure 2 The square survey array shown is used to investigate the interference wave field. The distance between the points in the array must be 1m, and the length and width are both 30m. The excitation point is on the left side of the array, and the distance between the excitation points is 30m. Based on this array, regular interference wave surveys and environmental noise surveys are conducted. This method can accurately investigate the propagation direction and true propagation speed of regular interference waves and environmental noise.

[0052] Table 1 shows the collected data of regular interference waves and environmental noise. The main types of interference waves and their characteristic parameters are analyzed. The characteristic parameters include velocity and main frequency range. The wavelength and wave number of each type of interference wave are calculated, as shown in Table 1. The wave number range of the interference waves is 0.00075-0.11.

[0053] Table 1. Interference wave field and environmental noise wavenumber range in Example 1

[0054]

[0055] In step 102, the minimum required combined receiving parameters are calculated based on the principle of protecting the effective frequency band of the effective wave. Then, the velocity of the main exploration target and the highest frequency value to be protected are extracted. In the example exploration block, the velocity value of the target layer is 4700 m / s, and the highest frequency value is 85 Hz. Based on this, the wavelength is calculated to be 55 m. The detector combination base distance cannot exceed 20 m. To maximize the protection of the effective wave, the minimum detector combination base distance is designed to be 3 m, and the intra-group distance is 1 m. Using the obtained interference wave field and environmental noise wave field parameters combined with the high-density observation system parameters of the acquisition area, the high-density observation system parameters are mainly the channel spacing and coverage times. In this example, the channel spacing is 25 m, and the coverage times are 300 times. The combination method is designed as a small combination reception. Based on the above data, the following formulas are used to perform comprehensive noise reduction calculations in two ways: indoor processing superposition + field small combination (coverage times 300 times) and indoor processing superposition + point reception (coverage times of 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 times).

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, S AVG For the superimposed response, n is the number of detectors, N is the number of receiving points, k is the wavenumber of the interfering wave, and α is the incident angle of the interfering wave field. Based on the above formula, the noise reduction values ​​of the two are compared. Figure 3 To compare the noise reduction values ​​of small combined reception and single-point reception with different coverage times, a matching relationship between the two was established based on the comparison results. The coverage of single-point reception with 900 times and combined reception with 300 times is basically the same, and the matching relationship between the two is 1:3.

[0058] In step 103, based on the matching relationship between single-point and combined reception determined in step 102, a segment test comparison scheme is designed, using the coverage count of combined reception as the standard, and increasing the coverage count of single-point reception by more than three times. Figure 4 The diagram shows the design of the section test observation system, which uses a 4-line, 3-shot observation system with a channel spacing of 25m and a shot point spacing of 25m. One receiving line is a combined receiving line, while the other three receiving lines are single-point receiving lines. Each of the four receiving lines receives 640 channels, the combined receiving line covers 810 times, and the three single-point receiving lines cover a total of 3280 times.

[0059] In step 104, after completing field data acquisition using the observation system determined in step 103, the combined and single-point receiving methods are respectively handled using a 1-line 3-shot and a 3-line 3-shot observation system, respectively. The same processing procedure is used to degrade the coverage count for both methods. The degradation process involves uniformly sampling different shot-receiver distance gathers at 1 / 10, 2 / 10, 3 / 10...10 / 10 from the CDP gathers. Calculations show that the degraded coverage counts for combined reception are 81, 162, 243, 310...810, and for single-point reception are 328, 656, 972...3280, ensuring fairness and reasonableness in the comparison and preventing the influence of other observation parameters. Figure 5 The diagram shows profiles of different coverage counts for point reception and combined reception. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) quantization analysis of the main frequency bands is performed for the primary target layer. Relationship curves between coverage count and SNR for both reception methods are established. The coverage counts for each of the two reception methods based on SNR requirements are determined, and a matching relationship between single-point and combined reception is established. For example... Figure 6 The figure shows the relationship between the number of combined and single-point coverages and the signal-to-noise ratio. According to the requirement that the signal-to-noise ratio of the target layer is about 8, the number of coverages for combined reception is 468, and the number of coverages for single-point reception is about 1200-1300. The matching relationship between the two is 1:3.

[0060] Step 105: Based on the coverage count of the single-point receiving method determined by the matching relationship between the two receiving methods, the observation system was designed. A push-pull observation system with 30 lines and 12 shots was designed, with 30 receiving lines, 480 receiving channels in a single row, a grid of 12.5m × 12.5m, 1200 coverage counts, and a channel density of 7.68 million channels / km. 2 The required cost of the observation system was calculated based on the parameters of the single-point receiving observation system. The calculation showed that it was within the investment range of the data acquisition project, had a high cost-performance ratio, good adaptability to single-point acquisition, and achieved high-quality data through actual implementation.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] Example 2 is an example of the D2J 3D project in the quasi-central block.

[0063] In step 101, the interference wave field is first investigated using an L-shaped survey array. Table 2 shows the data collected on regular interference waves and environmental noise in this embodiment. The main types of interference waves and their characteristic parameters are analyzed, including velocity and main frequency range. The wavelengths and wave numbers of various interference waves are calculated, as shown in Table 2. The wave number range of the interference waves is 0.0064-0.042.

[0064] Table 2. Statistics of Interference Wavefield and Environmental Noise Wavenumber in Example 2

[0065]

[0066] In step 102, the minimum required combined receiving parameters are calculated based on the principle of protecting the effective frequency band of the effective wave. Then, the velocity of the main exploration target and the highest frequency value to be protected are extracted. In Example 2, the minimum detector combination base distance is calculated to be 6m and the intra-group distance is 2m. The obtained interference wave field and environmental noise wave field parameters are combined with the high-density observation system parameters of the acquisition area. The high-density observation system parameters are mainly the channel spacing and coverage times. In this example, the channel spacing is 25m and the coverage times are 1680 times. The combination method is designed as a small combination reception. Based on the above data, the following formulas are used to perform comprehensive noise reduction calculations in two ways: indoor processing superposition + field small combination (coverage times 1200 times) and indoor processing superposition + point reception (coverage times of 336, 672, 1008, 1344, and 1680 times).

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, S AVG For the superimposed response, n is the number of detectors, N is the number of receiving points, k is the wavenumber of the interference wave, and α is the incident angle of the interference wave field. Based on the above formula, the noise reduction values ​​of the two are compared to establish a matching relationship. The coverage of 1680 times for single-point reception and 1200 times for combined reception is basically the same, and the matching relationship between the two is 1:1.7.

[0069] In step 103, based on the matching relationship between single-point and combined reception determined in step 102, a segment test comparison scheme is designed. Taking the coverage number of combined reception as the standard, the coverage number of single-point reception is increased by more than 3 times. A 4-line 3-shot observation system is adopted, with a track spacing of 25m and a shot distance of 25m. Among them, 2 receiving lines are combined reception and the other 2 receiving lines are single-point reception. The coverage number of both combined and single-point reception reaches 1680 times.

[0070] In step 104, after completing field data acquisition using the observation system determined in step 103, a 2-line, 2-shot observation system is used for both the combined and single-point receiving methods, based on the segment test observation system. The same processing procedure is applied to degrade the coverage count for both methods. The degradation process involves uniformly sampling different shot-receiver distance gathers (1 / 10, 2 / 10, 3 / 10...10 / 10) from the CDP gathers. Calculations show that the degraded coverage counts for the combined and single-point receiving methods are 168, 336, 504, 672, 840, 1008...1680, respectively, ensuring fairness and reasonableness in the comparison and preventing the influence of other observation parameters. Figure 7The diagram shows profiles of different coverage counts for point reception and combined reception. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) quantization analysis of the main frequency bands is performed for the primary target layer. Relationship curves between coverage count and SNR for both reception methods are established. The coverage counts for each of the two reception methods based on SNR requirements are determined, and a matching relationship between single-point and combined reception is established. For example... Figure 8 The figure shows the relationship between the number of times the combined reception and the single-point reception are covered and the signal-to-noise ratio. The number of times the combined reception is covered is 1200, and the number of times the single-point reception is covered is about 1680. The matching relationship between the two is 1:1.7.

[0071] Step 105: Based on the coverage count of the single-point receiving method determined by the matching relationship between the two receiving methods, the observation system was designed. A push-pull observation system with 32 receiving lines and 12 guns was designed, with 32 receiving lines, 1700 coverage counts, and a gun channel density of 9.216 million channels / km. 2 The required cost of the observation system was calculated based on the parameters of the single-point receiving observation system. The calculation showed that it was within the investment range of the data acquisition project, had a high cost-performance ratio, good adaptability to single-point acquisition, and achieved high-quality data through actual implementation.

[0072] This invention discloses an analysis based on the characteristic parameters of interference waves and effective wave wavelengths. It conducts theoretical analysis based on the superposition principle and combines high-density segment tests to effectively compare the combined and single-point receiving methods. It establishes a matching relationship between the coverage times of the two receiving methods, which can effectively determine the effectiveness of single-point receiving and the required number of coverage times for single-point receiving. Combined with cost analysis, based on cost-effectiveness factors, it determines the applicability of single-point receiving in the target exploration area, ensuring data quality and avoiding exploration risks.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0074] Except for the technical features described in the specification, all other technologies are known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method of quantitatively determining a high-density seismic acquisition point receiving mode, characterized by, The method for quantitatively determining the point receiving mode of high-density seismic acquisition comprises the following steps: Step 1, interference wave field investigation is carried out to obtain the wave number range; Step 2, theoretical calculation of the matching relationship between the combination and point receiving coverage times is carried out to design the segment test parameters; Step 3, combination and point receiving coverage times degradation analysis is carried out based on the segment test; Step 4, the matching relationship between the combination and point receiving coverage times is established based on the degradation analysis; Step 5, the observation system is designed, cost performance analysis is carried out, and the adaptability of single point receiving is determined.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step 1, regular interference wave field and external environmental noise investigation analysis is carried out on the 1m*1m square high-density spatial sampling, the velocity and frequency characteristic parameters of the regular interference wave and external environmental noise are obtained, and the wave number range is obtained.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein: In step 1, the geological target demand analysis is carried out, the characteristic parameters such as the exploration target velocity and the highest protection frequency are obtained, and the wave number range is obtained.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: In step 2, the minimum combination receiving parameters required are calculated based on the principle of protection effective wave effective frequency band, the interference wave field and environmental noise field parameters obtained are combined with the high-density observation system parameters of the acquisition area, and the comprehensive noise suppression calculation of the indoor processing stacking+field small combination and indoor processing stacking+point receiving two modes is carried out.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein: In step 2, the comprehensive noise suppression calculation of the indoor processing stacking+field small combination and indoor processing stacking+point receiving two modes is carried out according to the following formula: In the formula, S AVG is the average superimposed response, N is the number of receiving points, λ MAX is the maximum wavelength of the interference wave, λ MIN is the minimum wavelength of the interference wave, n is the number of detectors, and d is the trace interval; the noise reduction values of the two are compared, the matching relationship between the two is established, and the selection of the actual high-density section test parameters is guided.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the quantification determines a receiving mode for a high-density seismic acquisition point. In step 3, according to the matching relationship between the point receiving and combination receiving two receiving modes obtained by theoretical calculation, the spatial sampling rate and coverage times required by the matching relationship are used to design the segment test observation parameters of the two receiving modes.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the quantification determines a receiving mode for a high-density seismic acquisition point. In step 4, after the field acquisition is completed in step 3, the coverage times degradation processing of the point receiving and combination receiving two modes is carried out respectively using the same processing flow, and the degradation processing mode is carried out according to the method of uniformly extracting 1 / 10, 2 / 10, 3 / 10...10 / 10 different offset gathers on the CDP gather set to avoid the influence of other observation parameters.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: In step 4, the profiles of point receiving and combination receiving with different coverage times are obtained, different frequency band signal-to-noise ratio quantitative analysis is carried out for the main target layer, the relationship curve of the coverage times and signal-to-noise ratio of the two receiving modes is established, the coverage times of the two receiving modes under the same quantitative requirements are determined, and the matching relationship of single point and combination receiving is established.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein: In step 5, the observation system is designed according to the coverage times of the single point receiving mode determined by the matching relationship of the point receiving and combination receiving two receiving modes, the cost investment required by the single point receiving observation system and the small combination receiving observation system is compared, the adaptability of single point acquisition is determined according to the acquisition project investment as the measurement criterion.

10. A system for quantitatively determining a high-density seismic acquisition point receiving mode, the system comprising: The system for quantitatively determining the point receiving mode of high-density seismic acquisition determines the effectiveness of the point receiving mode of high-density acquisition by using the method for quantitatively determining the point receiving mode of high-density seismic acquisition in any one of claims 1-9.

11. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium comprises a stored computer program; wherein the computer program, when executed, controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to perform the method for quantitatively determining a high-density seismic acquisition point receiving mode according to any one of claims 1-9.

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