Compact optical camera
By designing a support slider and a secondary support slider, combined with permanent magnets and electromagnet arrays, the miniaturization of optical cameras and rapid filter switching are achieved. This solves the problems of bulky traditional filter wheel structures and slow switching speeds, enabling efficient and fast filter switching and locking.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202512052064.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
The filter wheel structure in existing optical cameras is bulky, occupies a large space, has poor stability against shock and vibration, and has a slow switching speed, making it difficult to achieve miniaturization and fast response.
It adopts a support slider and a secondary support slider design, combined with permanent magnets and electromagnet arrays, to achieve rapid switching and locking of filters through electromagnetic drive and strong magnetic locking. It also utilizes multi-layer filter stacking technology to achieve multiple filtering mode transformations in a compact space.
It achieves miniaturization of optical cameras, improves filter switching efficiency, reduces weight by more than 70%, increases switching speed by more than 10 times, and enables self-locking under extreme conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN121634660A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a compact optical camera, belonging to the field of optomechanics. Background Technology
[0002] To achieve rapid switching between detection bands and modes within the camera, the current mainstream solution is a wheel-type filter switching structure. The US10254389B2 infrared camera filter wheel system, including one filter position for both 5D and infrared, weighs 200g just for the filter wheel itself. The upgraded device in US72333446B2, measuring 100mm x 100mm and weighing 600g, has a response time of 250ms for adjacent filters. Its main drawbacks are an external stepper motor, redundant drivetrain, and extremely low space utilization. The product mentioned in US8411364B2, measuring 80mm x 80mm and weighing 450g, has a response time of 150ms. These products are very heavy, and the core problem lies in the complex structure of the central bearing, making it difficult to achieve optical path axis alignment.
[0003] In camera imaging systems, filter switching is often achieved using a filter wheel. This structure is often bulky, has poor shock and vibration resistance, and occupies a lot of space. Furthermore, switching filters using a filter wheel is slow and cannot achieve a fast response. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: In order to solve the miniaturization problem of optical cameras with filter wheels, the present invention provides a compact optical camera, which realizes the miniaturization of the entire camera system; improves the response speed of filter switching, so that the camera can achieve multiple filter state switching under miniaturization conditions.
[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a compact optical camera, including a support slider, a secondary support slider, a camera circuit, a slider support structure, a detector support structure, a detector chip, and a lens; The lens is mounted on the slider support structure and is located at the front end of the slider support slider and the secondary slider support; the detector chip is located at the rear end of the slider support and the secondary slider support and is installed in the detector support structure; the slider support structure is installed at the front end of the detector support structure; the control circuit is connected to the detector chip through the camera circuit. On one side of the supporting slider, left permanent magnet particles with opposite polarities are equidistantly inlaid; on the other side of the secondary supporting slider, right permanent magnet particles with opposite polarities are equidistantly inlaid. A left electromagnet array and a right electromagnet array are set on the slider support structure; several electromagnet particles are arranged at equal intervals to form the left electromagnet array and the right electromagnet array. The left electromagnet array is located on the side of the slider support where the left permanent magnet particle group is set, and the right electromagnet array is located on the side of the slider support where the right permanent magnet particle group is set. The upper electromagnetic generating device and the lower electromagnetic generating device are set on the slider support structure and located at the upper and lower ends of the supporting slider and the secondary supporting slider. The upper electromagnetic generating device and the lower electromagnetic generating device are permanent magnets with wires wound around them. When the coil is energized with a positive current, the magnetic field of the coil is consistent with that of the permanent magnet, and the magnetism of the permanent magnet is strengthened. When the reverse current is energized, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is canceled out. The locking and unlocking of the support slider and the secondary support slider are achieved by switching the upper and lower electromagnetic generators on and off, and the up and down movement and position adjustment of the support slider and the secondary support slider are achieved by the left electromagnetic array and the left electromagnetic array.
[0006] Furthermore, the supporting slide includes a first filter, a first through hole, a second filter, a first buffer block, a first strong magnetic block, a second buffer block, and a second strong magnetic block; the first filter and the second filter are respectively fixed on the supporting slide, a first through hole is provided between the first filter and the second filter, the first strong magnetic block and the first buffer block are both fixed at one end of the supporting slide, and the second buffer block and the second strong magnetic block are both fixed at the other end of the supporting slide.
[0007] Furthermore, the secondary support slide includes a third filter, a second through hole, a fourth filter, a fourth strong magnet, a fourth buffer block, a third buffer block, and a third strong magnet. The third filter and the fourth filter are respectively fixed on the support slide, and a second through hole is provided between the third filter and the fourth filter. The fifth strong magnet and the fifth buffer block are both fixed at one end of the support slide, and the third buffer block and the third strong magnet are both fixed at the other end of the support slide.
[0008] Furthermore, the second strong magnetic block on the support slider and the third strong magnetic block on the secondary support slider have the same polarity direction, while the permanent magnet in the upper electromagnetic generating device has the opposite polarity to the second strong magnetic block on the support slider and the third strong magnetic block on the secondary support slider. The second strong magnetic block on the support slider and the fourth strong magnetic block on the secondary support slider have the same polarity. The permanent magnet in the lower electromagnetic generator has the opposite polarity to the first strong magnetic block on the support slider, and the permanent magnet in the lower electromagnetic generator has the opposite polarity to the fourth strong magnetic block on the secondary support slider. They attract each other when not energized.
[0009] Furthermore, when the upper electromagnetic generator and the lower electromagnetic generator are energized in opposite directions, they are in a demagnetized state. The support slider and the secondary support slider are controlled by the left electromagnetic array and the right electromagnetic array, respectively. When the support slider moves upward to its limit position and the secondary support slider moves downward to its limit position, the power is cut off, and the support slider and the secondary support slider are attracted and locked by the permanent magnet. When the support slider and the secondary support slider move in the same direction to their limit positions, the power is cut off, and they are also attracted and locked by the permanent magnet.
[0010] Furthermore, driven by the control circuit, the left electromagnet array generates an alternating electromagnetic field that drives the support slider with the left permanent magnet particle group to move up and down.
[0011] Furthermore, driven by the control circuit, the right electromagnet array generates an alternating electromagnetic field that drives the secondary support slider with alternating right permanent magnet particle groups to move up and down.
[0012] Furthermore, the supporting slide and the secondary supporting slide move independently up and down along the first and second sliding grooves set on the inner wall of the slide support structure under the drive of the left permanent magnet particle group and the right permanent magnet particle group, and the supporting slide and the secondary supporting slide form different filter combinations at different positions.
[0013] Furthermore, the supporting slider material is a magnetically resistive material.
[0014] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: (1) This invention achieves a highly efficient and compact filter switching structure through a special structural design, greatly reducing the size of the optical camera and improving its filter switching efficiency. It enables multi-spectral optical detection. This novel camera can achieve multi-dimensional environmental detection and is lightweight and compact.
[0015] (2) The structure of this invention uses electromagnetic drive and strong magnetic locking to quickly switch filters and lock them. The linear motor design with dual sliders makes the entire filter switching system thinner and lighter. The special locking structure allows the system to lock easily. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention; 1-Support slider, 2-Secondary support slider, 3-Camera circuit, 4-Slider support structure, 5-Detector support structure, 6-Detector chip, 7-Lens, 9-Control circuit, 11-First filter, 12-First through hole, 13-Second filter, 14-First buffer block, 15-First strong magnet block, 16-Second buffer block, 17-Second strong magnet block, 19-Left permanent magnet particle group, 21-Third filter, 22-Second through hole, 23-Fourth filter, 24-Fourth buffer block, 25-Fourth strong magnet block, 27-Third buffer block, 28-Third strong magnet block, 29-Right permanent magnet particle group, 41-First slide groove, 42-Second slide groove, 43-Electromagnetic particles, 44-Left electromagnet array, 45-Upper electromagnetic generator, 46-Lower electromagnetic generator, 48-Right electromagnet array.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanism's motion operation in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0019] This invention optimizes the problems of wheeled infrared cameras, realizing a lightweight, compact, and high-response camera system. Utilizing multi-layer filter stacking technology, this invention enables multiple filter mode switching within a compact space, including rapid band switching and rapid detection mode switching. This solves the problems of traditional filter wheel camera systems having a single filter mode and slow switching speed for non-adjacent filters. Simultaneously, the multi-layered linear motor system reduces system weight by more than 70%, increases filter switching speed by more than 10 times, and the electromagnetic structures on both ends of the moving slide rail simultaneously accelerate filter switching and achieve a self-locking function under extreme conditions.
[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, a compact optical camera includes a support slider 1, a secondary support slider 2, a camera circuit 3, a slider support structure 4, a detector support structure 5, a detector chip 6, and a lens 7.
[0021] Lens 7 is mounted on slider support structure 4 and is located at the front end of slider support slider 1 and secondary support slider 2; detector chip 6 is located at the rear end of support slider 1 and secondary support slider 2 and is installed in detector support structure; slider support structure 4 is mounted at the front end of detector support structure 5; control circuit 9 is connected to detector chip 6 through camera circuit 3. On one side of the supporting slider 1, left permanent magnet particles 19 with opposite polarities are equidistantly inlaid; on one side of the secondary supporting slider 2, right permanent magnet particles 29 with opposite polarities are equidistantly inlaid. A left electromagnet array 44 and a right electromagnet array 48 are provided on the slider support structure 4; a number of electromagnet particles are arranged at equal intervals to form the left electromagnet array 44 and the right electromagnet array 48. The left electromagnet array 44 is located on the side of the support slider 1 where the left permanent magnet particle group 19 is provided, and the right electromagnet array 48 is located on the side of the secondary support slider 2 where the right permanent magnet particle group 29 is provided. The upper electromagnetic generating device 45 and the lower electromagnetic generating device 46 are mounted on the slider support structure 4 and located at the upper and lower ends of the supporting slider 1 and the secondary supporting slider 2. The upper electromagnetic generating device 45 and the lower electromagnetic generating device 46 are permanent magnets wound with wires. When the coil is energized with a positive current, the magnetic field of the coil is consistent with that of the permanent magnet, and the magnetism of the permanent magnet is strengthened. When the reverse current is energized, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is canceled out. The locking and unlocking of the support slider 1 and the secondary support slider 2 are achieved by switching the upper electromagnetic generator 45 and the lower electromagnetic generator 46 on and off. The up and down movement and position adjustment of the support slider 1 and the secondary support slider 2 are achieved by the left electromagnetic array 44 and the left electromagnetic array 48.
[0022] The supporting slide 1 includes a first filter 11, a first through hole 12, a second filter 13, a first buffer block 14, a first strong magnet 15, a second buffer block 16, and a second strong magnet 17. The first filter 11 and the second filter 13 are respectively fixed on the supporting slide 1, and the first through hole 12 is provided between the first filter 11 and the second filter 13. The first strong magnet 15 and the first buffer block 14 are both fixed at one end of the supporting slide 1, and the second buffer block 16 and the second strong magnet 17 are both fixed at the other end of the supporting slide 1.
[0023] The secondary support slide 2 includes a third filter 21, a second through hole 22, a fourth filter 23, a fourth strong magnet 25, a fourth buffer block 24, a third buffer block 27, and a third strong magnet 28. The third filter 21 and the fourth filter 23 are respectively fixed on the support slide 1. The second through hole 22 is provided between the third filter 21 and the fourth filter 23. The fifth strong magnet 25 and the fifth buffer block 24 are both fixed at one end of the support slide 1, and the third buffer block 27 and the third strong magnet 28 are both fixed at the other end of the support slide 1.
[0024] The second strong magnetic block 17 on the support slider 1 and the third strong magnetic block 28 on the secondary support slider 2 have the same polarity direction. The permanent magnet in the upper electromagnetic generating device 45 has the opposite polarity to the second strong magnetic block 17 on the support slider 1 and the opposite polarity to the third strong magnetic block 28 on the secondary support slider 2. The second strong magnetic block 15 on the support slider 1 and the fourth strong magnetic block 25 on the secondary support slider 2 have the same polarity direction. The permanent magnet in the lower electromagnetic generating device 46 has the opposite polarity to the first strong magnetic block 15 on the support slider 1, and the permanent magnet in the lower electromagnetic generating device 46 has the opposite polarity to the fourth strong magnetic block 25 on the secondary support slider 2. They attract each other when not energized.
[0025] When the upper electromagnetic generator 45 and the lower electromagnetic generator 46 are energized in opposite directions, they are in a demagnetized state. The support slider 1 and the secondary support slider 2 are controlled by the left electromagnetic array 44 and the right electromagnetic array 48. When the support slider 1 moves upward to the limit position and the secondary support slider 2 moves downward to the limit position, the power is cut off, and the support slider 1 and the secondary support slider 2 are attracted and locked by the permanent magnet. When the support slider 1 and the secondary support slider 2 move to the limit position in the same direction, the power is cut off, and they are also attracted and locked by the permanent magnet.
[0026] Driven by control circuit 9, the left electromagnet array 44 generates an alternating electromagnetic field, driving the support slider 1 with the left permanent magnet particle group 19 to move up and down. Driven by control circuit 9, the right electromagnet array 48 generates an alternating electromagnetic field, driving the secondary support slider 2 with the alternating right permanent magnet particle group 29 to move up and down.
[0027] like Figure 2As shown, the supporting slide 1 and the secondary supporting slide 2 move independently up and down along the first sliding groove 41 and the second sliding groove 42 set on the inner wall of the slide support structure 4 under the drive of the left permanent magnet particle group 19 and the right permanent magnet particle group 29. The supporting slide 1 and the secondary supporting slide 2 form different filter combinations at different positions.
[0028] The material of the supporting slider 1 is a magnetically resistive material.
[0029] This detector uses an infrared cooled detection chip, and the lens is an infrared lens 7. The first filter 11 is a 3-15 micrometer infrared filter, the second filter 13 is a linear polarizing filter, the third filter 21 is an infrared cutoff filter (band-stop for wavelengths greater than 5 micrometers), and the fourth filter 23 is an infrared cutoff filter (band-stop for wavelengths less than 5 micrometers). The first buffer block 14 and the second buffer block 16 are made of silicone rubber. The support slider 1 and the secondary support slider 2 move to... Figure 2 When the position shown in the middle left figure is reached, target polarization detection can be achieved. The support slider 1 and secondary support slider 2 are moved to... Figure 2 At the position shown in the middle image, the optical camera performs full-band, unfiltered detection. Support slider 1 and secondary support slider 2 move to... Figure 2 In the position shown in the middle right figure, the filter switches to infrared bandstop mode, and the detection band is the infrared band greater than 5μm. The first buffer block 14 and the second buffer block 16 are made of vulcanized silicone rubber, and the first strong magnet 15 and the second strong magnet 17 are made of AlNiCo alloy. When the support slider is driven by electromagnetic force to move to both ends of the track, the energy generated by the rapid impact can be absorbed by the buffer blocks. The upper electromagnetic generating device 45 and the lower electromagnetic generating device 46 are made of copper wire wound clockwise or counterclockwise on the AlNiCo alloy block. When energized in the reverse direction, the magnetic force generated by the coil can overcome the magnetic force of the permanent magnet of the upper electromagnetic generating device, thereby releasing the slider. When energized in the forward direction, the permanent magnet is strengthened, realizing the locking and releasing of the support slider 1 and the secondary support slider 2 by the upper electromagnetic generating device 45 and the lower electromagnetic generating device 46. The left permanent magnet particle group 19 and the right permanent magnet particle group 29 are rectangular particles of high-performance NdFeb material arranged together. The left electromagnet array 44 and the right electromagnet array 48 are formed by winding high-purity oxygen-free copper wire into independent coils and arranging them at equal intervals. Their response speed is 5-10 times that of traditional stepper filter systems.
[0030] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention using the disclosed methods and techniques without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention's technical solutions are within the protection scope of the present invention. The parts of the present invention not described in detail are well-known to those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A compact optical camera characterized in that, It comprises a support slide (1), a secondary support slide (2), a camera circuit (3), a slide support structure (4), a detector support structure (5), a detector chip (6) and a lens (7); The lens (7) is installed on the slide support structure (4) and arranged at the front end of the slide support slide (1) and the secondary support slide (2); the detector chip (6) is located at the rear end of the support slide (1) and the secondary support slide (2) and installed in the detector support structure; The slide support structure (4) is installed at the front end of the detector support structure (5); the control circuit (9) is connected with the detector chip (6) through the camera circuit (3); The support slide (1) is inlaid with a left permanent magnet particle group (19) with opposite polarity on one side at equal intervals; the secondary support slide (2) is inlaid with a right permanent magnet particle group (29) with opposite polarity on one side at equal intervals; The slide support structure (4) is provided with a left electromagnet array (44) and a right electromagnet array (48); a plurality of electromagnet particles are arranged at equal intervals to form the left electromagnet array (44) and the right electromagnet array (48), the left electromagnet array (44) is located on the side of the support slide (1) where the left permanent magnet particle group (19) is arranged, and the right electromagnet array (48) is located on the side of the secondary support slide (2) where the right permanent magnet particle group (29) is arranged; The upper electromagnet generating device (45) and the lower electromagnet generating device (46) are arranged on the slide support structure (4) and located at the upper and lower ends of the support slide (1) and the secondary support slide (2); the upper electromagnet generating device (45) and the lower electromagnet generating device (46) are permanent magnets with wires wound thereon, when the wire coil passes through the forward current, the wire coil magnetic field is consistent with the permanent magnet, the magnetic property of the permanent magnet is strengthened, and when the wire coil passes through the reverse current, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is cancelled; The locking and unlocking of the gears of the support slide (1) and the secondary support slide (2) are realized by the on-off of the upper electromagnet generating device (45) and the lower electromagnet generating device (46), and the up-down movement and position adjustment of the support slide (1) and the secondary support slide (2) are realized by the left electromagnet array (44) and the right electromagnet array (48).
2. A compact optical camera according to claim 1, characterized in that The support slide (1) comprises a first optical filter (11), a first through hole (12), a second optical filter (13), a first buffer block (14), a first strong magnetic block (15), a second buffer block (16) and a second strong magnetic block (17); the first optical filter (11) and the second optical filter (13) are fixed on the support slide (1) respectively, the first through hole (12) is arranged between the first optical filter (11) and the second optical filter (13), the first strong magnetic block (15) and the first buffer block (14) are fixed on one end of the support slide (1), and the second buffer block (16) and the second strong magnetic block (17) are fixed on the other end of the support slide (1).
3. A compact optical camera according to claim 2, wherein, The secondary support slide (2) comprises a third filter (21), a second through hole (22), a fourth filter (23), a fourth strong magnetic block (25), a fourth buffer block (24), a third buffer block (27) and a third strong magnetic block (28), the third filter (21) and the fourth filter (23) are fixed on the support slide (1) respectively, the second through hole (22) is arranged between the third filter (21) and the fourth filter (23), the fifth strong magnetic block (25) and the fifth buffer block (24) are both fixed on one end of the support slide (1), and the third buffer block (27) and the third strong magnetic block (28) are both fixed on the other end of the support slide (1).
4. A compact optical camera according to claim 3, wherein, The polarity direction of the second strong magnetic block (17) on the support slide (1) is the same as that of the third strong magnetic block (28) on the secondary support slide (2), the polarity of the permanent magnet in the upper electromagnetic generating device (45) is opposite to that of the second strong magnetic block (17) on the support slide (1) and that of the third strong magnetic block (28) on the secondary support slide (2). The polarity direction of the second strong magnetic block (15) on the support slide (1) is the same as that of the fourth strong magnetic block (25) on the secondary support slide (2), the polarity of the permanent magnet in the lower electromagnetic generating device (46) is opposite to that of the first strong magnetic block (15) on the support slide (1) and that of the fourth strong magnetic block (25) on the secondary support slide (2), and the secondary support slide (2) is attracted to each other in the unpowered state.
5. A compact optical camera according to claim 4, wherein, When the upper electromagnetic generating device (45) and the lower electromagnetic generating device (46) are reversely powered, they are respectively in the demagnetization state, the support slide (1) and the secondary support slide (2) are controlled by the left electromagnetic array (44) and the right electromagnetic array (48), the support slide (1) moves upward to the limit position, the secondary support slide (2) moves downward to the limit position, at this time, the power is cut off, the support slide (1) and the secondary support slide (2) are locked by the permanent magnet, and the support slide (1) and the secondary support slide (2) are locked by the permanent magnet when moving to the limit position in the same direction.
6. A compact optical camera according to claim 5, wherein, Under the drive of the control circuit (9), the left electromagnetic array (44) generates an alternating electromagnetic field to drive the support slide (1) with the left permanent magnet particle group (19) to move up and down.
7. A compact optical camera according to claim 6, wherein, Under the drive of the control circuit (9), the right electromagnetic array (48) generates an alternating electromagnetic field to drive the secondary support slide (2) with the alternating right permanent magnet particle group (29) to move up and down.
8. A compact optical camera according to claim 7, wherein, The support slide (1) and the secondary support slide (2) independently move up and down along the first sliding groove (41) and the second sliding groove (42) arranged on the inner wall of the slide support structure (4) under the drive of the left permanent magnet particle group (19) and the right permanent magnet particle group (29), and different filter combinations are formed at different positions of the support slide (1) and the secondary support slide (2).
9. A compact optical camera according to claim 8, wherein, The material of the support slide (1) is a magnetic resistance material.
10. A compact optical camera according to claim 9, wherein, The left permanent magnet particle group (19) and the right permanent magnet particle group (29) are arranged by rectangular particles made of NdFeb material.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
High-speed light sensing apparatus
US10254389B2
Security document with micro-prisms
US8411364B2