Oil and gas pipeline electromagnetic interference protection system based on multi-source sensing and intelligent response

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil and gas pipeline electromagnetic interference protection system based on multi-source sensing and intelligent response, and the system comprises an electromagnetic interference monitoring module which collects the induction voltage, current and grounding resistance data of a key node of a pipeline, and senses the electromagnetic environment of the pipeline in real time; the electromagnetic interference evaluation module is used for evaluating the interference level and the safety margin on the basis of the collected data in combination with a frequency domain characteristic analysis and interference source identification algorithm, and judging whether a standard exceeding risk and an interference cause exist or not; the dynamic response control module is used for automatically selecting and executing corresponding protection measures according to the interference level and the interference source characteristics, including closing a current drainage device loop, dynamically adjusting cathode protection current output, switching symmetrical grounding modes and the like, and optimizing the pipeline protection state; the remote management and communication module interacts with an upper platform, supports operation state uploading, regulation and control instruction issuing and operation log recording, and realizes remote maintenance and intelligent management of the system; and the accuracy of electromagnetic protection and the adaptive capacity of the system in a complex environment are effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic interference protection of buried oil and gas pipelines, and particularly relates to an oil and gas pipeline electromagnetic interference protection system based on multi-source sensing and intelligent response. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, under the background of intensive development of energy infrastructure, the design mode of co-sharing corridors of power transmission lines and buried metal pipelines is widely adopted. Although this parallel erection method saves land resources and improves operation and maintenance efficiency, under the working conditions of lightning, short circuit, load fluctuation, etc., the power transmission line is easy to induce voltage and current on the adjacent pipeline, causing electromagnetic interference, which may cause pipeline insulation breakdown, equipment damage, and even serious safety accidents such as personnel electric shock.

[0003] Especially under high-voltage, long-distance power transmission and complex geological conditions, uneven distribution of soil resistivity will cause significant spatial differences in electromagnetic coupling strength, thus forming local interference hotspots and exacerbating the safety risk of the pipeline system. However, the existing protection means mainly rely on fixed drainage devices and grounding systems, which have single control strategy and lagging response, and are difficult to adapt to the dynamic changes of electromagnetic interference. In addition, traditional monitoring methods mostly rely on manual inspection or periodic sampling, lack real-time sensing and trend evaluation of key parameters such as induced voltage, current and grounding resistance, resulting in discontinuous monitoring, untimely judgment, and difficulty in realizing graded response of protection measures. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an oil and gas pipeline electromagnetic interference protection system based on multi-source sensing and intelligent response, which solves the problems of uneven distribution of soil resistivity and reliance on manual inspection or periodic sampling, resulting in significant spatial differences in electromagnetic coupling strength and difficulty in adapting to the dynamic changes of electromagnetic interference.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: an oil and gas pipeline electromagnetic interference protection system based on multi-source sensing and intelligent response, characterized by comprising an electromagnetic interference monitoring module, an electromagnetic interference evaluation module, a dynamic response control module and a remote management and communication module, wherein:

[0006] The electromagnetic interference monitoring module is used for collecting induced voltage, current and grounding resistance data of key nodes of the pipeline, real-time sensing the electromagnetic environment of the pipeline, and providing data support for subsequent evaluation and control;

[0007] The electromagnetic interference evaluation module is based on collected data, combined with frequency domain feature analysis and interference source identification algorithm, to evaluate the interference level and safety margin, and to judge whether there is an over-standard risk and the cause of the interference;

[0008] Dynamic response control module: According to the interference level and the characteristics of the interference source, automatically select and execute the corresponding protective measures, including closing the drain circuit, dynamically adjusting the cathodic protection current output, switching the symmetric grounding mode, etc., to optimize the pipeline protection state;

[0009] Remote management and communication module: used for interaction with the upper platform, supporting running state uploading, control instruction issuing and running log recording, realizing system remote maintenance and intelligent management.

[0010] Further, the electromagnetic interference monitoring module comprises the following units:

[0011] Induced voltage acquisition unit: installed on the pipeline insulation flange, drainage point and key corner section to monitor electromagnetic induction intensity;

[0012] AC interference current acquisition unit: installed at the drain circuit and grounding lead to capture the leakage change in the interference coupling path;

[0013] Grounding resistance monitoring unit: installed at the connection point of each grounding electrode and ground net to monitor the change of grounding resistance with environmental factors such as soil humidity, temperature and current in real time, which is an important basis for evaluating the effectiveness of protection;

[0014] Data synchronization and caching unit: all sensor collected data is transmitted to the central processing system through wireless or wired network to realize centralized processing and monitoring of various sensing data;

[0015] Interference spectrum analysis unit: responsible for frequency domain analysis of monitoring signals to identify interference frequency components and source characteristics, which helps to improve the accuracy of interference identification and the pertinence of response strategy.

[0016] Further, the electromagnetic interference evaluation module calculates the interference risk level by the following method:

[0017] (1) Calculate the equivalent interference induced voltage ;

[0018] (2) Calculate the ground potential rise ;

[0019] (3) Calculate the voltage reference threshold ;

[0020] (4) Calculate the comprehensive dynamic interference intensity index ;

[0021] (5) Determine the interference level according to the above parameters.

[0022] Further, the equivalent interference induced voltage is calculated by time domain integral average method, as follows:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, is the measured instantaneous induced voltage, is the monitoring period.

[0025] Further, the ground potential rise voltage is calculated as follows:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, is the AC interference current, is the grounding resistance.

[0028] Further, the voltage reference threshold When the soil humidity > 80%, is automatically degraded by 10%, the grounding resistance is greater than 1 , is increased by 20%.

[0029] Further, the calculation of the dynamic interference intensity index is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, and are the time weight coefficients of the current time and the historical time, respectively, and n is the historical data window length.

[0032] Further, the calculation of the parameter judgment interference level is as follows:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] In the formula, is the dynamically corrected reference voltage threshold, is within the above range, respectively, is judged as low risk, medium risk, high risk.

[0037] Further, the dynamic response control module executes the following control strategies according to the electromagnetic interference level classification to realize the active protection and adaptive adjustment of the pipeline system:

[0038] (1) Low risk level, the system maintains the existing protection state, continuously records interference data and monitors the trend changes, and ensures long-term safety and controllability;

[0039] (2) Medium risk level, the system automatically closes the drain circuit, guides the alternating current interference current to the ground pole through the low resistance discharge channel, and reduces the induced voltage between the pipeline and the ground;

[0040] (3) High risk level, on the basis of medium risk level, dynamically adjust the output voltage or current parameters of the cathodic protection system to prevent misjudgment or deviation of the protection system due to interference voltage superposition, enable the symmetric grounding switching device to adjust the original single-ended grounding structure to symmetric multi-point grounding, optimize the discharge path, and if the frequency spectrum analysis module identifies high-frequency disturbance, the system will enable the filter and surge protection device to suppress transient interference;

[0041] (4) All automatic responses have manual intervention functions, and field personnel can prioritize control, confirm and cancel response operations through local HMI or remote control center.

[0042] Further, the remote management and communication module comprises:

[0043] (1) Data upload module: upload monitoring and response data through LoRa communication protocol;

[0044] (2) Remote control interface module: support remote setting control logic and intervention control execution by operation and maintenance center;

[0045] (3) Local log management module: automatically record interference level changes and response operation records, and support U disk export.

[0046] Further, the modules have linkage and cooperation mechanism, specifically including:

[0047] (1) The electromagnetic interference monitoring module collects induced voltage, current and grounding resistance parameters in real time, and transmits data to the electromagnetic interference evaluation module through the communication link;

[0048] (2) Risk determination trigger mechanism, the electromagnetic interference evaluation module calculates the dynamic interference intensity index and risk level based on the data in the current time and the historical window, and generates the corresponding response suggestion, and pushes it to the dynamic response control module in real time;

[0049] (3) The dynamic response control module receives the evaluation result, automatically executes the drain control, cathodic protection parameter adjustment and grounding structure switching operation under the corresponding level, generates the response state feedback, and pushes it to the remote management and communication module;

[0050] (4) Remote management and communication module records, reports and remotely controls the state of each sub-module of the system, and supports the operation and maintenance personnel to dynamically adjust the evaluation parameters and response logic.

[0051] The oil and gas pipeline electromagnetic interference protection system based on multi-source perception and intelligent response has the following beneficial effects:

[0052] 1. The application constructs an electromagnetic interference monitoring system based on multi-source parameters such as induced voltage, current and grounding resistance, fuses a voltage sensor, a current transformer and a grounding resistance measurement module, covers the main interference paths and coupling channels in the power transmission line-oil and gas pipeline system, and significantly improves the real-time identification capability of interference events; a centralized data acquisition platform and a frequency domain analysis mechanism are used to realize the closed-loop linkage of "perception-evaluation-response", and the problems of single monitoring method, response lag and frequent misjudgment in the traditional scheme are solved.

[0053] 2. The application proposes an intelligent response control strategy based on interference levels, automatically executes multi-level protection measures such as drain closer, grounding structure switching and cathodic protection adjustment according to the evaluation results, introduces adjustable threshold and dynamic response logic, and strengthens the fine control of different risk levels; fully considering the uncertainty factors such as soil resistivity, electromagnetic source fluctuation and load change, the application has good scene adaptability and engineering robustness, and significantly reduces the influence of induced interference on the safe operation of the pipeline and the risk of electric shock of personnel.

[0054] 3. The application proposes an intelligent response control strategy based on interference levels, automatically executes multi-level protection measures such as drain closer, grounding structure switching and cathodic protection adjustment according to the evaluation results, introduces adjustable threshold and dynamic response logic, and strengthens the fine control of different risk levels; fully considering the uncertainty factors such as soil resistivity, electromagnetic source fluctuation and load change, the application has good scene adaptability and engineering robustness, and significantly reduces the influence of induced interference on the safe operation of the pipeline and the risk of electric shock of personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only part of the schematic diagrams of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0056] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the long-term monitoring and protection system of the application;

[0057] Figure 2 The collaborative operation flowchart of each module of the application;

[0058] Figure 3 Flow chart for monitoring, judging, dynamic response of the invention fault;

[0059] Figure 4 Measurement graph for hypothetical scenario 1;

[0060] Figure 5 Measurement graph for hypothetical scenario 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The technical solutions in the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms, and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein, rather, these embodiments are provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present application are only for exemplary purposes, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0062] As shown in Figure 1 An oil and gas pipeline electromagnetic interference protection system based on multi-source perception and intelligent response, characterized in that it comprises an electromagnetic interference monitoring module, an electromagnetic interference evaluation module, a dynamic response control module, and a remote management and communication module, wherein:

[0063] The electromagnetic interference monitoring module is used to collect induced voltage, current, and grounding resistance data of key nodes of the pipeline, to realize real-time perception of the electromagnetic environment in which the pipeline is located, and to provide data support for subsequent evaluation and control;

[0064] The electromagnetic interference evaluation module is used to evaluate the interference level and safety margin, and to judge whether there is an over-standard risk and the interference cause based on the collected data in combination with frequency domain feature analysis and interference source identification algorithm;

[0065] The dynamic response control module is used to automatically select and execute corresponding protection measures according to the interference level and interference source characteristics, including closing the drain circuit, dynamically adjusting the cathodic protection current output, switching the symmetric grounding mode, and optimizing the pipeline protection state;

[0066] The remote management and communication module is used to interact with the upper platform, to support operation state uploading, regulation and control instruction issuing, and operation log recording, and to realize remote maintenance and intelligent management of the system.

[0067] The electromagnetic interference monitoring module comprises the following units:

[0068] The induced voltage collection unit is installed on the pipeline insulation flange, the drain point, and the key corner section to monitor the electromagnetic induction intensity;

[0069] The alternating current interference current collection unit is installed at the drain circuit and the grounding lead to capture the drain change in the interference coupling path;

[0070] Ground resistance monitoring unit: installed at the connection point of each grounding electrode and ground net, real-time monitoring the change of ground resistance with environmental factors such as soil humidity, temperature, current, etc., as an important basis for evaluating the effectiveness of protection;

[0071] Data synchronization and caching unit: all sensor collected data is transmitted to the central processing system through wireless or wired network, realizing centralized processing and monitoring of various types of sensing data;

[0072] Interference spectrum analysis unit: responsible for frequency domain analysis of monitoring signals, identifying interference frequency components and source characteristics, to assist in improving the accuracy of interference identification and the pertinence of response strategy.

[0073] Among them, the electromagnetic interference evaluation module calculates the interference risk level by the following method:

[0074] (1) Calculate the equivalent interference induced voltage ;

[0075] Wherein, the equivalent interference induced voltage is calculated by time domain integral average method, as follows:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, is the measured instantaneous induced voltage, is the monitoring period.

[0078] (2) Calculate the ground potential rise ;

[0079] Wherein, the ground potential rise voltage is calculated as follows:

[0080]

[0081] In the formula, is the alternating current interference, is the ground resistance.

[0082] (3) Calculate the voltage reference threshold ;

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, is the static reference threshold, according to IEC62305 standard query, is the difference between the current soil temperature and the reference temperature 25℃, alternating current interference, is the ground resistance, for the maximum allowable value of soil temperature, for the temperature coefficient.

[0085] In the preferred embodiment, the voltage reference threshold When the soil humidity > 80%, Automatic degradation of 10%, grounding resistance greater than 1 , rise 20%.

[0086] (4) Calculate the comprehensive dynamic interference intensity index ;

[0087] Wherein, the calculation of the dynamic interference intensity index Specific as follows:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, and The time weight coefficient of the current moment and the historical moment respectively, n is the historical data window length.

[0090] (5) According to the previous parameter to determine the interference level;

[0091] Wherein, the calculation of the parameter to determine the interference level is as follows:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, is the reference voltage threshold after dynamic correction, Within the above range, respectively, low risk, medium risk, high risk.

[0096] Wherein, the dynamic response control module executes the following control strategy according to the electromagnetic interference level classification to realize the active protection and adaptive adjustment of the pipeline system:

[0097] (1) Low risk level, the system maintains the existing protection state, continuously records the interference data and monitors the trend change, ensures the long-term safety and controllability;

[0098] (2) Medium risk level, the system automatically closes the drain circuit, guides the alternating current interference current to the ground pole through the low resistance discharge channel, reduces the induced voltage between the pipeline and the ground;

[0099] (3) High risk level, on the basis of the medium risk level, dynamically adjust the output voltage or current parameters of the cathodic protection system, prevent the interference voltage from being superimposed to cause the protection system to misjudge or deviate, enable the symmetric grounding switching device, adjust the original single-ended grounding structure to the symmetric multi-point grounding, optimize the current leakage path, if the spectrum analysis module identifies that there is high-frequency disturbance, the system will enable the filter and the surge protection device to suppress transient disturbance;

[0100] (4) All automatic responses have manual intervention functions, and field personnel can prioritize control, confirm and cancel response operations through local HMI or remote control center.

[0101] Further, the remote management and communication module comprises:

[0102] (1) Data upload module: upload monitoring and response data through LoRa communication protocol;

[0103] (2) Remote control interface module: support remote setting control logic, intervention control execution by operation and maintenance center;

[0104] (3) Local log management module: automatically record interference level changes and response operation records, and support U disk export.

[0105] Further, the modules have linkage and cooperation mechanism, specifically including:

[0106] (1) The electromagnetic interference monitoring module collects induced voltage, current and grounding resistance parameters in real time, and transmits data to the electromagnetic interference evaluation module through the communication link;

[0107] (2) Risk determination trigger mechanism, the electromagnetic interference evaluation module calculates the dynamic interference strength index and risk level based on the data in the current time and the historical window, and generates the corresponding response suggestion, and pushes it to the dynamic response control module in real time;

[0108] (3) The dynamic response control module receives the evaluation result, automatically executes the current diverter control, cathodic protection parameter adjustment and grounding structure switching operation under the corresponding level, generates the response state feedback, and pushes it to the remote management and communication module;

[0109] (4) The remote management and communication module centrally records, state reports and remotely controls the state of each sub-module of the system, and supports operation and maintenance personnel to dynamically adjust the evaluation parameters and response logic.

[0110] The following scenarios are used to verify the scheme proposed in the application.

[0111] Assume scenario 1: a power transmission line is parallel to a city gas pipeline for about 5 kilometers, located in the edge area of Guizhou plateau, with high soil humidity (about 87%), and the terrain is mainly mountainous and hilly, and an induction interference monitoring system is provided.

[0112] The pipeline is laid along the sensing terminal for electromagnetic data collection, with a sampling period of 6 seconds, and the real-time collection of induced voltage is: ; The monitored grounding resistance is ; The monitored current AC interference current is ; The monitored soil temperature is , the maximum design temperature is , the static safety voltage threshold is , the correction coefficient is ; The interference intensity in the system history record in the last 3 cycles is .

[0113] According to the above obtained data, the equivalent interference voltage : =

[0114] The ground potential rise is calculated :

[0115] The humidity is reduced by 10% when it exceeds 80%, and the grounding resistance is increased by 20% when it is higher than 1Ω, and the corrected safety threshold voltage : =

[0116] The dynamic interference intensity index is calculated : set , , =3: review the history of 3 cycles, and the historical interference sequence is

[0117]

[0118] According to the corrected threshold , , the system is in a low risk level.

[0119] According to the parameter judgment, the system is in a low risk level, and automatically reports to the monitoring platform without triggering the flow control, and continues to observe the subsequent change trend, and the measurement curve is shown in Figure 4 .

[0120] Assume scenario 2: a power transmission line is laid along a city gas pipeline, about 3 kilometers long, located in the hilly and rolling western region of Guizhou, affected by continuous heavy rain, the soil moisture content is close to saturation (humidity reaches 92%), the surface conductivity is significantly enhanced, and the grounding device is locally severely corroded.

[0121] At this time, real-time collection is performed, and sensing terminals are arranged along the pipeline to collect electromagnetic data, with a sampling period of 6 seconds, and the real-time collected induced voltage is: ; the monitored grounding resistance ; the monitored current AC interference current ; the monitored soil temperature is , the maximum design temperature , the static safety voltage threshold , the correction coefficient ; the interference intensity in the system history record in the last 3 cycles is .

[0122] According to the above obtained data, the equivalent interference voltage is calculated: =

[0123] The ground potential rise is calculated: :

[0124] The humidity is reduced by 10% when it exceeds 80%, the grounding resistance is increased by 20% when it is higher than 1Ω, and the corrected safety threshold voltage : =

[0125] The dynamic interference intensity index is calculated: : set , , = 3: review the history of 3 cycles, the historical interference sequence is

[0126]

[0127] According to the corrected threshold , , the system is in a high risk level.

[0128] According to the parameter judgment, the system is in a high risk level, automatically upload the abnormal data, risk level, geographic location and interference trend to the control center and archive; start the active drainage device, such as grounding neutral point switching, drainage resistance adjustment module, and dynamically adjust the output current of the cathodic protection system, the measurement curve is shown in Figure 5 , send a warning prompt to the on-duty personnel and push it to the mobile terminal at the same time.

[0129] Note that the above merely describes preferred embodiments of the application and the principles of the technology applied. Those skilled in the art will understand that the application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, modifications and substitutions can be made thereto without departing from the scope of the application. Therefore, although the application has been described in detail by the above embodiments, the application is not limited to the above embodiments, and can include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the application, and the scope of the application is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-source perception and intelligent response based electromagnetic interference protection system for oil and gas pipelines, characterized in that: The system comprises an electromagnetic interference monitoring module, an electromagnetic interference evaluation module, a dynamic response control module, and a remote management and communication module, wherein: The electromagnetic interference monitoring module is used to collect induced voltage, current and grounding resistance data of key nodes of the pipeline, to realize real-time sensing of the electromagnetic environment of the pipeline, and to transmit the data to the electromagnetic interference evaluation module through a communication link, and to provide data support for subsequent evaluation and control; The electromagnetic interference evaluation module is used to evaluate the interference level and safety margin based on the collected data combined with frequency domain feature analysis and interference source identification algorithm, to judge whether there is an exceeding risk and its interference cause, and to generate corresponding response suggestions and push them to the dynamic response control module in real time; The dynamic response control module is used to automatically select and execute corresponding protection measures according to the interference level and the characteristics of the interference source, including closing the drain circuit, dynamically adjusting the cathodic protection current output, switching the symmetric grounding mode, optimizing the pipeline protection state, and generating response state feedback and pushing it to the remote management and communication module; The remote management and communication module is used to record the states of the sub-modules of the system, to interact with the upper platform, to support the uploading of running states, the issuing of control instructions and the recording of running logs, and to realize remote maintenance and intelligent management of the system.

2. The multi-source perception and intelligent response based electromagnetic interference protection system for oil and gas pipelines of claim 1, wherein: The electromagnetic interference monitoring module comprises the following units: An induced voltage acquisition unit is installed on the pipeline insulation flange, the drain point and the key corner section to monitor the electromagnetic induction intensity; An alternating current interference current acquisition unit is installed at the drain circuit and the grounding lead to capture the leakage change in the interference coupling path; A grounding resistance monitoring unit is installed at the connection point of each grounding electrode and the ground net to monitor the change of the grounding resistance with environmental factors such as soil humidity, temperature and current, which is an important basis for evaluating the effectiveness of protection; A data synchronization and buffer unit is used to transmit the data collected by all sensors to the central processing system through wireless or wired network to realize centralized processing and monitoring of various sensing data; An interference frequency spectrum analysis unit is responsible for frequency domain analysis of the monitoring signals to identify the interference frequency components and source characteristics, which helps to improve the accuracy of interference identification and the pertinence of response strategies.

3. The electromagnetic interference protection system for oil and gas pipelines based on multi-source perception and intelligent response according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic interference evaluation module calculates the interference risk level by the following method: (1) Calculate the equivalent interference induced voltage ; (2) Calculation of the ground potential rise ; (3) calculating a voltage reference threshold ; (4) calculating the comprehensive dynamic interference strength index ; (5) Determine the interference level according to the above parameters.

4. The oil and gas pipeline electromagnetic interference protection system based on multi-source perception and intelligent response of claim 3, wherein: The equivalent interference induced voltage The time domain integral average method is adopted for calculation, and the details are as follows: In the formula, is the measured instantaneous induced voltage, is the monitoring period.

5. The multi-source perception and intelligent response based electromagnetic interference protection system for oil and gas pipelines of claim 3, wherein: the ground potential raising voltage The calculation of the ground potential raising voltage is as follows: wherein is the alternating interference current, is the grounding resistance.

6. The multi-source perception and intelligent response based electromagnetic interference protection system for oil and gas pipelines of claim 3, wherein: The voltage reference threshold The calculation of the voltage reference threshold is as follows: wherein, is the static reference threshold value, according to the IEC62305 standard, is the difference between the current soil temperature and the reference temperature of 25°C, the AC interference current, is the ground resistance, is the maximum allowed value of the soil temperature, is the temperature coefficient; and the voltage reference threshold , when the soil humidity > 80%, degrades automatically by 10%, the ground resistance is greater than 1 , increases by 20%.

7. The multi-source perception and intelligent response based electromagnetic interference protection system for oil and gas pipelines of claim 1, wherein: The dynamic interference strength indicator is calculated as follows: In the formula, and are time weight coefficients of the current time and the historical time, respectively, and n is the length of the historical data window.

8. The multi-source perception and intelligent response based electromagnetic interference protection system for oil and gas pipelines of claim 1, wherein: The calculation of the parameter determination of the interference level is as follows: In the formula, is the reference voltage threshold after dynamic correction, Within the above range, it is determined as low risk, medium risk, and high risk, respectively.

9. The multi-source perception and intelligent response based electromagnetic interference protection system for oil and gas pipelines of claim 1, wherein: The dynamic response control module executes the following control strategies according to the electromagnetic interference level to realize active protection and adaptive adjustment of the pipeline system: (1) Low risk level, the system maintains the existing protection state, continuously records the interference data and monitors the trend change to ensure long-term safety and controllability; (2) Medium risk level, the system automatically closes the drain circuit, guides the alternating current interference current to the ground electrode through the low resistance leakage channel to reduce the induced voltage between the pipeline and the ground; (3) High risk level, on the basis of the medium risk level, dynamic adjustment of the output voltage or current parameters of the cathodic protection system, to prevent the interference voltage superposition resulting in protection system misjudgment or deviation, enable the symmetric grounding switching device, adjust the original single-ended grounding structure to symmetric multi-point grounding, optimize the discharge path, if the spectrum analysis module identifies the existence of high frequency disturbance, the system will enable the filter and surge protection device for transient disturbance suppression; (4) All automatic responses have manual intervention function, field personnel can control, confirm and cancel the response operation through local HMI or remote control center.

10. The multi-source perception and intelligent response based electromagnetic interference protection system for oil and gas pipelines of claim 1, wherein: The remote management and communication module comprises: (1) Data upload module: upload monitoring and response data through LoRa communication protocol; (2) Remote control interface module: support operation and maintenance center to remotely set control logic and intervene control execution; (3) Local log management module: automatically record the interference level change and response operation record, and support U disk export.

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