Communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to a communication method, communication equipment, a communication system, a storage medium and a program product. The communication method can be executed by a first node, and the method comprises: receiving first information, the first information being used for indicating charging parameters of a plurality of charging pilot signals, the plurality of charging pilot signals being sent by a second node on a plurality of frequency points, the charging parameters being obtained by measuring the plurality of charging pilot signals by a first device; and determining one or more first frequency points from the plurality of frequency points according to the charging parameter, the one or more first frequency points being used for the second node to send a charging signal. In the embodiment of the invention, the first node measures the energy charging pilot signals sent by the second node on the plurality of frequency points, and determines the first frequency point more suitable for wireless energy charging from the plurality of frequency points according to the measured energy charging parameters corresponding to the frequency points, thereby improving the efficiency of wireless energy charging.

Description

Communication methods, communication equipment, communication systems, storage media and software products Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) is a type of Internet of Things (IoT). Compared to cellular-based narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) devices, Ambient-IoT devices are less complex, less expensive, and have lower maintenance costs. Ambient-IoT devices use backscattering technology for communication.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] For AIoT devices with energy storage capabilities, energy source nodes (ESNs) can provide them with radio electromagnetic waves for wireless charging. Therefore, how the ESN selects the appropriate radio electromagnetic waves for wireless charging is a problem that urgently needs to be solved.

[0005] This disclosure provides a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is proposed, executed by a first node, the method comprising: receiving first information, the first information being used to indicate measurement results of a plurality of charging pilot signals, the plurality of charging pilot signals being transmitted by a second node at a plurality of frequency points; and determining one or more first frequency points from the plurality of frequency points based on the measurement results, the one or more first frequency points being used by the second node to transmit charging signals.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided, performed by a first device, the method comprising: sending first information, the first information being used to indicate measurement results of a plurality of charging pilot signals, the plurality of charging pilot signals being transmitted by a second node at a plurality of frequency points; the measurement results being used by the first node to determine one or more first frequency points from the plurality of frequency points, the one or more first frequency points being used by the second node to transmit charging signals.

[0008] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is proposed, performed by a second node, the method comprising: receiving fifth information, the fifth information being used to indicate the transmission of a charging signal on one or more first frequency points, the one or more first frequency points being determined by the first node from multiple frequency points based on measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, the multiple charging pilot signals being transmitted by the second node on the multiple frequency points.

[0009] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module configured to receive first information, the first information being used to indicate measurement results of a plurality of charging pilot signals, the plurality of charging pilot signals being transmitted by a second node at a plurality of frequency points; and a processing module configured to determine one or more first frequency points from the plurality of frequency points based on the measurement results, the one or more first frequency points being used by the second node to transmit charging signals.

[0010] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module configured to transmit first information, the first information being used to indicate measurement results of a plurality of charging pilot signals, the plurality of charging pilot signals being transmitted by a second node at a plurality of frequency points; the measurement results being used by a first node to determine one or more first frequency points from the plurality of frequency points, the one or more first frequency points being used by the second node to transmit charging signals.

[0011] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module configured to receive fifth information, the fifth information being used to indicate the transmission of a charging signal on one or more first frequency points, the one or more first frequency points being determined by a first node from multiple frequency points based on measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, the multiple charging pilot signals being transmitted by a second node on the multiple frequency points.

[0012] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the communication device is configured to perform a communication method as described in any of the first to third aspects. The communication device may be a first node, a first device, or a second node.

[0013] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, including a first node, a first device, and a second node; the first node is configured to implement the communication method as described in the first aspect; the first device is configured to implement the communication method as described in the second aspect; and the second node is configured to implement the communication method as described in the third aspect.

[0014] According to a ninth aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure, a computer storage medium is provided, which stores instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform a communication method as described in any of the first to third aspects. The communication device may be a first node, a first device, or a second node.

[0015] According to a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method described in any one of the first to third aspects.

[0016] According to an eleventh aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program is provided, the computer program including code that, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method described in any one of the first to third aspects.

[0017] According to a twelfth aspect of the present disclosure, a chip or chip system is provided. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to perform the communication method as described in any one of the first to third aspects.

[0018] In this embodiment, the first node measures the charging pilot signals transmitted by the second node at multiple frequency points, and determines a first frequency point that is more suitable for wireless charging from among the multiple frequency points based on the charging parameters corresponding to each frequency point obtained from the measurement, thereby improving the efficiency of wireless charging. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments are introduced below. The following drawings are only some embodiments of this disclosure and do not impose specific limitations on the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of the architecture of AIoT according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 2A is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of the transmission timing of the charging pilot signal and the charging signal provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 2C is another schematic diagram of the transmission timing of the charging pilot signal and the charging signal provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 3A is a schematic flowchart illustrating a first method for a first node to perform a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 3B is a schematic flowchart illustrating a first type of communication method performed on the second node side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 3C is a schematic flowchart illustrating a first method of performing a communication method on the first device side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 4A is a schematic diagram of a second process for performing a communication method on the first node side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 4B is a schematic flowchart illustrating a second type of communication method performed on the second node side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 4C is a schematic flowchart illustrating a second method for performing a communication method on the first device side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a chip structure provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0034] This disclosure provides a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product.

[0035] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure propose a communication method executed by a first node. The method includes: receiving first information, the first information indicating measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, the multiple charging pilot signals being transmitted by a second node at multiple frequency points; determining one or more first frequency points from the multiple frequency points based on the measurement results; and the one or more first frequency points being used by the second node to transmit charging signals.

[0036] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first node measures the charging pilot signals transmitted by the second node at multiple frequency points, and determines the first frequency point that is more suitable for wireless charging from the multiple frequency points based on the charging parameters corresponding to each frequency point obtained by measurement, thereby improving the efficiency of wireless charging.

[0037] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the charging signal is used to provide energy to the first device.

[0038] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the measurement results of the plurality of charging pilot signals include charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals and / or one or more second frequency points among a plurality of frequency points, wherein the one or more second frequency points are determined based on the charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals, the charging parameters being measured by the first device on the plurality of charging pilot signals, and the one or more first frequency points being at least one of the one or more second frequency points.

[0039] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first node is an uplink receiving node, a downlink transmitting node, or a continuous wave node.

[0040] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second node is an energy source node.

[0041] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted on the same time domain resource; or, the multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted sequentially on different time domain resources.

[0042] In this embodiment of the disclosure, multiple charging pilot signals can be transmitted in different ways to adapt to the different capabilities of the second node in transmitting charging pilot signals, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement and further improving the efficiency of wireless charging.

[0043] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the duration of each charging pilot signal is a first duration.

[0044] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, each charging pilot signal is periodically transmitted by the second node; or, each charging pilot signal is non-periodically transmitted by the second node.

[0045] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the above method further includes: sending second information, the second information being used to indicate the transmission period of the charging pilot signal.

[0046] In some embodiments, in conjunction with the first aspect, the above method further includes: sending third information, the third information being used to instruct the second node to send multiple charging pilot signals.

[0047] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, sending third information includes: receiving fourth information, the fourth information being used to request measurement of a plurality of charging pilot signals; and sending the third information based on the fourth information.

[0048] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of each of the plurality of charging pilot signals is known to the first device.

[0049] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of the multiple charging pilot signals is equal.

[0050] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments the above method further includes: sending fifth information, the fifth information being used to instruct the second node to send a charging signal on one or more first frequency points.

[0051] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted by a second node on a first time domain resource, which is used by a first device to measure the multiple charging pilot signals.

[0052] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the charging parameters include at least one of the following: a first parameter, which indicates the received power of each charging pilot signal; a second parameter, which indicates the energy harvesting efficiency; and a third parameter, which indicates the energy collection rate; wherein the energy receiving efficiency is the ratio between the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource and the energy received in a unit time domain resource; and the energy collection rate is the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource.

[0053] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent periodically by the first device; or, the first information is sent non-periodically by the first device.

[0054] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the above method further includes: sending sixth information, the sixth information being used to indicate a first resource configured by the first node, the first resource being periodic, and the first resource being used by the first device to send the first information.

[0055] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments the above method further includes: sending a seventh message, the seventh message being used to instruct the first device to send the first message.

[0056] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure propose a communication method executed by a first device. The method includes: sending first information, the first information being used to indicate measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, the multiple charging pilot signals being sent by a second node at multiple frequency points, the measurement results being used by the first node to determine one or more first frequency points from the multiple frequency points, and the one or more first frequency points being used by the second node to send charging signals.

[0057] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the charging signal is used to provide energy to the first device.

[0058] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the measurement results of the multiple charging pilot signals include charging parameters of the multiple charging pilot signals and / or one or more second frequency points, wherein the one or more second frequency points are determined by the charging parameters of the multiple charging pilot signals, the charging parameters being measured by the first device on the multiple charging pilot signals, and the one or more first frequency points are at least one of the one or more second frequency points.

[0059] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first node is an uplink receiving node, a downlink transmitting node, or a continuous wave node.

[0060] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second node is an energy source node.

[0061] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the above method further includes: receiving a plurality of charging pilot signals; measuring the plurality of charging pilot signals to obtain charging parameters for each charging pilot signal.

[0062] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the measurement of the multiple charging pilot signals by the first device is periodic; or, the measurement of the multiple charging pilot signals by the first device is non-periodic.

[0063] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the above method further includes: receiving eighth information, the eighth information being used to indicate the measurement period for the first device to measure multiple charging pilot signals.

[0064] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first device uses different radio frequency modules to receive charging signals and downlink signals, and measures multiple charging pilot signals, including: receiving ninth information, the ninth information being used to indicate that multiple charging pilot signals are measured on a first time domain resource; and measuring multiple charging pilot signals on a first time domain resource.

[0065] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first device uses the same radio frequency module to receive charging signals and downlink signals, and measures multiple charging pilot signals, including: listening to downlink transmissions; receiving tenth information, the tenth information being used to indicate that multiple charging pilot signals are measured on a first time domain resource; and measuring multiple charging pilot signals on a first time domain resource.

[0066] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted simultaneously on the same time domain resources; or, multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted sequentially on different time domain resources.

[0067] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the duration of each charging pilot signal is a first duration.

[0068] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, each charging pilot signal is periodically transmitted by the second node; or, each charging pilot signal is non-periodically transmitted by the second node.

[0069] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted by a second node on a first time domain resource, which is used by a first device to measure the multiple charging pilot signals.

[0070] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments the above method further includes: sending fourth information, the fourth information being used to request measurement of a plurality of charging pilot signals.

[0071] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of each of the plurality of charging pilot signals is known to the first device.

[0072] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of the multiple charging pilot signals is equal.

[0073] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the charging parameters include at least one of the following: a first parameter, which indicates the received power of each charging pilot signal; a second parameter, which indicates the energy harvesting efficiency; and a third parameter, which indicates the energy collection rate; wherein the energy receiving efficiency is the ratio between the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource and the energy received in a unit time domain resource; and the energy collection rate is the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource.

[0074] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent periodically by the first device; or, the first information is sent non-periodically by the first device.

[0075] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, sending the first information includes: receiving sixth information, the sixth information being used to indicate a first resource configured by the first node, the first resource being periodic; and sending the first information based on the first resource.

[0076] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments the above method further includes: receiving seventh information, the seventh information being used to instruct the first device to send the first information.

[0077] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure propose a communication method executed by a second node, the method comprising: receiving fifth information, the fifth information being used to indicate the transmission of a charging signal on one or more first frequency points, the one or more first frequency points being determined by the first node from multiple frequency points based on measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, the multiple charging pilot signals being transmitted by the second node on the multiple frequency points.

[0078] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the measurement results of the charging pilot signals include charging parameters of a plurality of charging pilot signals and / or one or more second frequency points, wherein the one or more second frequency points are determined based on the charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals, the charging parameters being measured by a first device on the plurality of charging pilot signals, and the one or more first frequency points being at least one of the one or more second frequency points.

[0079] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments the above method further includes: transmitting a charging signal at one or more first frequency points, the charging signal being used to provide energy to the first device.

[0080] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first node is an uplink receiving node, a downlink transmitting node, or a continuous wave node.

[0081] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the second node is an energy source node.

[0082] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted on the same time domain resource; or, the multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted sequentially on different time domain resources.

[0083] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the duration of each charging pilot signal is a first duration.

[0084] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, each charging pilot signal is periodically transmitted by the second node; or, each charging pilot signal is non-periodically transmitted by the second node.

[0085] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the above method further includes: receiving second information, the second information being used to indicate the transmission period of the charging pilot signal.

[0086] In some embodiments of the third aspect, the above method further includes: receiving third information, which is used to instruct the second node to send multiple charging pilot signals.

[0087] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of each of the plurality of charging pilot signals is known to the first device.

[0088] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of the multiple charging pilot signals is equal.

[0089] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted by a second node on a first time domain resource, which is used by a first device to measure the multiple charging pilot signals.

[0090] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the charging parameters include at least one of the following: a first parameter, the first parameter indicating the received power of each charging pilot signal; a second parameter, the second parameter indicating the energy harvesting efficiency; and a third parameter, the third parameter indicating the energy collection rate; wherein the energy receiving efficiency is the ratio between the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource and the energy received in a unit time domain resource; and the energy collection rate is the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource.

[0091] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent periodically by the first device; or, the first information is sent non-periodically by the first device.

[0092] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent by the first device on a first resource configured on the first node, and the first resource is periodic.

[0093] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent by the first device based on the seventh information sent by the first node, the seventh information being used to instruct the first device to send the first information.

[0094] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device, comprising: a transceiver module configured to receive first information, the first information being used to indicate measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, the multiple charging pilot signals being transmitted by a second node at multiple frequency points; and a processing module configured to determine one or more first frequency points from the multiple frequency points based on the measurement results, the one or more first frequency points being used by the second node to transmit charging signals.

[0095] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the measurement results of the plurality of charging pilot signals include charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals and / or one or more second frequency points among a plurality of frequency points, the one or more second frequency points being determined based on the charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals, the charging parameters being measured by the first device on the plurality of charging pilot signals, and the one or more first frequency points being at least one of the one or more second frequency points.

[0096] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the charging signal is used to provide energy to the first device.

[0097] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the first node is an uplink receiving node, a downlink transmitting node, or a continuous wave node.

[0098] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the second node is an energy source node.

[0099] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted on the same time domain resource; or, the multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted sequentially on different time domain resources.

[0100] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the duration of each charging pilot signal is a first duration.

[0101] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, each charging pilot signal is periodically transmitted by the second node; or, each charging pilot signal is non-periodically transmitted by the second node.

[0102] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is configured to transmit second information, the second information being used to indicate the transmission period of the charging pilot signal.

[0103] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is configured to send third information, which is used to instruct the second node to send multiple charging pilot signals.

[0104] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is further configured to receive fourth information for requesting measurement of multiple charging pilot signals; and to send third information based on the fourth information.

[0105] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of each of the plurality of charging pilot signals is known to the first device.

[0106] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of the multiple charging pilot signals is equal.

[0107] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is configured to transmit fifth information, which instructs the second node to transmit a charging signal on one or more first frequency points.

[0108] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted by a second node on a first time domain resource, which is used by a first device to measure the multiple charging pilot signals.

[0109] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the charging parameters include at least one of the following: a first parameter, the first parameter indicating the received power of each charging pilot signal; a second parameter, the second parameter indicating the energy harvesting efficiency; and a third parameter, the third parameter indicating the energy collection rate; wherein the energy receiving efficiency is the ratio between the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource and the energy received in a unit time domain resource; and the energy collection rate is the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource.

[0110] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent periodically by the first device; or, the first information is sent non-periodically by the first device.

[0111] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is configured to send a sixth message, the sixth message being used to indicate a first resource configured by the first node, the first resource being periodic, and the first resource being used by the first device to send the first message.

[0112] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is configured to send a seventh message, the seventh message being used to instruct the first device to send the first message.

[0113] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device, such as a second node. The second node of the communication device includes: a transceiver module configured to transmit first information, the first information indicating measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, the multiple charging pilot signals being transmitted by the second node at multiple frequency points; the measurement results being used by the first node to determine one or more first frequency points from the multiple frequency points, the one or more first frequency points being used by the second node to transmit charging signals.

[0114] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the charging signal is used to provide energy to the first device.

[0115] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the measurement results of the plurality of charging pilot signals include charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals and / or one or more second frequency points, wherein the one or more second frequency points are determined by the charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals, the charging parameters being measured by the first device on the plurality of charging pilot signals, and the one or more first frequency points being at least one of the one or more second frequency points.

[0116] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the first node is an uplink receiving node, a downlink transmitting node, or a continuous wave node.

[0117] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the second node is an energy source node.

[0118] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the communication device further includes a processing module; a transceiver module configured to receive a plurality of charging pilot signals; and a processing module configured to measure the plurality of charging pilot signals to obtain charging parameters for each charging pilot signal.

[0119] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the measurement of the plurality of charging pilot signals by the first device is periodic; or, the measurement of the plurality of charging pilot signals by the first device is non-periodic.

[0120] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is configured to receive eighth information, the eighth information being used to indicate the measurement period for the first device to measure multiple charging pilot signals.

[0121] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the first device uses different radio frequency modules to receive charging signals and downlink signals; the transceiver module is configured to receive ninth information, which is used to indicate the measurement of multiple charging pilot signals on the first time domain resources; and the processing module is configured to measure multiple charging pilot signals on the first time domain resources.

[0122] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the first device uses the same radio frequency module to receive charging signals and downlink signals, the transceiver module is configured to listen to downlink transmissions; receive tenth information, the tenth information being used to indicate the measurement of multiple charging pilot signals on a first time domain resource; and the processing module is configured to measure multiple charging pilot signals on the first time domain resource.

[0123] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted simultaneously on the same time domain resources; or, multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted sequentially on different time domain resources.

[0124] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the duration of each charging pilot signal is a first duration.

[0125] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, each charging pilot signal is periodically transmitted by the second node; or, each charging pilot signal is non-periodically transmitted by the second node.

[0126] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted by a second node on a first time domain resource, which is used by a first device to measure the multiple charging pilot signals.

[0127] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is configured to send fourth information for requesting measurement of a plurality of power pilot signals.

[0128] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of each of the plurality of charging pilot signals is known to the first device.

[0129] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of the multiple charging pilot signals is equal.

[0130] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the charging parameters include at least one of the following: a first parameter, the first parameter indicating the received power of each charging pilot signal; a second parameter, the second parameter indicating the energy harvesting efficiency; and a third parameter, the third parameter indicating the energy collection rate; wherein the energy receiving efficiency is the ratio between the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource and the energy received in a unit time domain resource; and the energy collection rate is the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource.

[0131] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent periodically by the first device; or, the first information is sent non-periodically by the first device.

[0132] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is configured to: receive sixth information, the sixth information being used to indicate a first resource configured by the first node, the first resource being periodic; and send first information based on the first resource.

[0133] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is configured to receive seventh information, which is used to instruct the first device to send the first information.

[0134] Sixthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device, such as a second node. The communication device includes a transceiver module configured to receive fifth information, the fifth information indicating the transmission of a charging signal on one or more first frequency points, the one or more first frequency points being determined by a first node from multiple frequency points based on measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, the multiple charging pilot signals being transmitted by the second node on the multiple frequency points.

[0135] In conjunction with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the measurement results of the charging pilot signals include charging parameters of a plurality of charging pilot signals and / or one or more second frequency points, the one or more second frequency points being determined based on the charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals, the charging parameters being measured by a first device on the plurality of charging pilot signals, and the one or more first frequency points being at least one of the one or more second frequency points.

[0136] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the first node is an uplink receiving node, a downlink transmitting node, or a continuous wave node.

[0137] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the second node is an energy source node.

[0138] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is further configured to transmit a charging signal on one or more first frequency points, the charging signal being used to provide energy to the first device.

[0139] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted on the same time domain resource; or, the multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted sequentially on different time domain resources.

[0140] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the duration of each charging pilot signal is a first duration.

[0141] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, each charging pilot signal is periodically transmitted by the second node; or, each charging pilot signal is non-periodically transmitted by the second node.

[0142] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is further configured to receive second information, the second information being used to indicate the transmission period of the charging pilot signal.

[0143] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module is also configured to receive third information, which is used to instruct the second node to send multiple charging pilot signals.

[0144] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of each of the plurality of charging pilot signals is known to the first device.

[0145] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power of the multiple charging pilot signals is equal.

[0146] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted by a second node on a first time domain resource, which is used by a first device to measure the multiple charging pilot signals.

[0147] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the charging parameters include at least one of the following: a first parameter, the first parameter indicating the received power of each charging pilot signal; a second parameter, the second parameter indicating the energy harvesting efficiency; and a third parameter, the third parameter indicating the energy collection rate; wherein the energy receiving efficiency is the ratio between the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource and the energy received in a unit time domain resource; and the energy collection rate is the energy stored by the first device in a unit time domain resource.

[0148] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent periodically by the first device; or, the first information is sent non-periodically by the first device.

[0149] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent by the first device on a first resource configured on the first node, and the first resource is periodic.

[0150] In conjunction with some embodiments of the sixth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is sent by the first device based on the seventh information sent by the first node, the seventh information being used to instruct the first device to send the first information.

[0151] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the communication device is configured to perform a communication method as described in any one of the first, second, and third aspects and their embodiments. The communication device may be a first node, a first device, or a second node.

[0152] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system, including: a first node, a first device, and a second node; the first node is configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of the first aspects and embodiments thereof; the first device is configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of the second aspects and embodiments thereof; and the second node is configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of the third parties and embodiments thereof.

[0153] In a ninth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the communication method as described in any one of the first, second, and third aspects and their embodiments. The communication device may be a first node, a first device, or a second node.

[0154] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program product that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the communication method as described in any one of the first, second, and third aspects and their embodiments. The communication device may be a first node, a first device, or a second node.

[0155] In one aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the communication method as described in any one of the first, second, third, and embodiments thereof.

[0156] In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry configured to perform the communication method according to any one of the first, second, and third aspects and their embodiments described above.

[0157] It is understood that the aforementioned first node, first device, second node, communication device, communication system, computer storage medium, computer program product, computer program, chip, or chip system are all used to execute the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0158] This disclosure provides a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product. In some embodiments, terms such as communication method, information processing method, measurement method, wireless charging method, frequency selection method, and charging signal transmission method can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as sensing system, AIoT system, information processing system, communication system, and measurement system.

[0159] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0160] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0161] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0162] In this embodiment of the disclosure, unless otherwise stated, elements expressed in the singular form, such as "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "this," etc., can mean "one and only one," or "one or more," "at least one," etc. For example, when using articles such as "a," "an," "the," etc. in translation, the noun following the article can be understood as either a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0163] In the embodiments disclosed herein, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0164] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one of”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0165] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0166] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0167] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0168] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0169] In some embodiments, the terms “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0170] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.

[0171] In some embodiments, devices, etc., can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. Terms such as “device”, “equipment”, “circuit”, “network element”, “node”, “function”, “unit”, “section”, “system”, “network”, “chip”, “chip system”, “entity”, and “subject” can be used interchangeably.

[0172] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in a network (e.g., access network devices, core network devices, etc.).

[0173] In some embodiments, the terms "network devices", "access network device (AN device)", "radio access network device (RAN device)", "base station (BS)", "radio base station", "fixed station", "node", "access network node", "access point", "transmission point (TP)", "reception point (RP)", "transmission / reception point (TRP)", "panel", "antenna panel", "antenna array", "cell", "macro cell", "small cell", "femtocell", "pico cell", "sector", "cell group", "serving cell", "carrier", "component carrier", and "bandwidth part (BWP)" can be used interchangeably.

[0174] In some embodiments, the terms "terminal", "terminal device", "user equipment (UE)", "user terminal", "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", "subscriber station", "mobile unit", "subscriber unit", "wireless unit", "remote unit", "mobile device", "wireless device", "wireless communication device", "remote device", "mobile subscriber station", "access terminal", "mobile terminal", "wireless terminal", "remote terminal", "handset", "user agent", "mobile client", and "client" can be used interchangeably.

[0175] In some embodiments, access network devices, core network devices, or network devices can be replaced by terminals. For example, embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to structures where communication between access network devices, core network devices, or network devices and terminals is replaced by communication between multiple terminals (e.g., device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, the structure can also be configured such that the terminal has all or part of the functions of the access network device. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can be replaced with sidelink channel, and uplink link, downlink, etc., can be replaced with sidelink link.

[0176] In some embodiments, the terminal may be replaced by an access network device, a core network device, or a network device. In this case, the access network device, core network device, or network device may also be configured to have all or some of the functions of the terminal.

[0177] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0178] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0179] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0180] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1A, the communication system 100 includes: a first node 101, a second node 102, and a first device 103.

[0181] In some embodiments, the first node is used to measure charged pilot signals transmitted at multiple frequency points.

[0182] In some embodiments, the name of the first node is not limited, and may be, for example, "measurement node", "continuous wave node (CWN)", "uplink Rx node (URN)", "uplink receiver (UR)", "receiving node", "uplink signal node (USN)", "downlink signal node (DSN)", "downlink Tx node (DTN)", etc.

[0183] In some embodiments, the second node is used to send a charging signal or a charging pilot signal.

[0184] In some embodiments, the name of the second node is not limited, and may be, for example, "power transmission node", "ESN", "power node", "energy harvesting node (EHN)", etc.

[0185] In some embodiments, the first device is used to backscatter the received signal.

[0186] In some embodiments, the name of the first device is not limited, and may be, for example, "backscattering node", "backscattering device", "AIoT device", "AIoT terminal", "terminal", "tag", etc.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first node, the second node, and the first device described above may be a terminal or a network device.

[0188] In some embodiments, the functions of the first node, the second node, and the first device described above can be deployed in one device or in multiple devices, with each device having the functions of one or more of the nodes described above.

[0189] In some embodiments, the terminal includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, wearable device, Internet of Things device, car with communication function, smart car, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, and wireless terminal device in smart home.

[0190] In some embodiments, network devices may include access network devices and / or core network devices. Access network devices are, for example, nodes or devices that connect terminals to a wireless network. Access network devices may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: evolved NodeB (eNB), next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), node B (NB), home node B (HNB), home evolved node B (HeNB), radio backhaul device, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6G communication system, open RAN, cloud RAN, base station in other communication systems, and access node in a Wi-Fi system.

[0191] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0192] In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU may also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the network device. Some of the protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only possibility.

[0193] In some embodiments, the core network equipment may be a single device including a first network element, or it may be multiple devices or a group of devices, each including a first network element. Network elements may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of an evolved packet core (EPC), a 5G core network (5GCN), or a next-generation core (NGC).

[0194] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0195] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in FIG1A are illustrative. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in FIG1A, or it may include other main bodies outside of FIG1A. The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. The connection relationship between the main bodies is illustrative. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0196] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), Super 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th Generation Mobile Communication System (4G), 5th Generation Mobile Communication System (5G), 5G New Radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New Radio Access (NX), Future Generation Radio Access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20, ultra-wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (a registered trademark), public land mobile network (PLMN) networks, device-to-device (D2D) systems, machine-to-machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems built upon them. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0197] The following is an explanation and interpretation of the terminology used in this disclosure.

[0198] I. AIoT Devices (which can be simply referred to as devices):

[0199] AIoT is a type of Internet of Things (IoT). Compared to narrowband (NB) IoT devices, AIoT devices are less complex, less expensive, and have lower maintenance costs. AIoT devices can operate without batteries, powered by radio waves they receive. Alternatively, AIoT devices can include batteries with limited energy storage capabilities, but these batteries do not require manual charging and can draw power from external sources.

[0200] In one example, the energy used for charging can come from electromagnetic waves or from non-electromagnetic waves (such as heat energy, kinetic energy, etc.).

[0201] In some embodiments, AIoT devices can employ backscattering technology for communication. Backscattering communication is a technique that utilizes the principle of radio frequency signal backscattering to achieve extremely low-power modulation and transmission. During backscattering communication, the AIoT device receives electromagnetic waves, and its internal circuitry modulates the information to be transmitted onto the incident electromagnetic waves using load impedance modulation. The modulated electromagnetic waves carrying the information are then transmitted. In some embodiments, the modulation method can be varied, such as amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), and phase shift keying (PSK).

[0202] In some embodiments, for AIoT devices that communicate using backscattering, the AIoT device requires a continuous wave (CW) energy source (such as a CWN) to provide electromagnetic waves (such as CW) for backscattering while transmitting data. In one example, the CW is typically of constant amplitude. In another example, the CW may also be referred to as a carrier wave.

[0203] In some embodiments, the workflow of an AIoT device communicating using backscatter is as follows: the network sends a downlink command to the AIoT device, and upon receiving the downlink command, the AIoT device sends a corresponding response to the network or performs a corresponding operation. However, while transmitting data, the AIoT device requires a backscatter network (CWN) to provide CW available for reflection.

[0204] In some embodiments, different types of AIoT devices may differ in any aspect such as operating mode, power acquisition, or storage capacity.

[0205] In some embodiments, the type of AIoT device may include:

[0206] Type 1: Cannot generate or amplify signals independently, but has a certain energy storage capacity.

[0207] Type 2a: Cannot generate independent signals, but can use stored energy to amplify reflected signals, and has energy storage capability.

[0208] Type 2b: Can generate signals independently and has energy storage capabilities.

[0209] Of the three types of AIoT devices mentioned above, Type 2b AIoT devices have the strongest capabilities but also the highest cost. Type 1 AIoT devices have the weakest capabilities but also the lowest cost. Type 1 and Type 2a AIoT devices can only use backscattering and cannot actively transmit signals, therefore they require other nodes to provide signal transmission (CW) as energy input. Type 2b AIoT devices can actively generate signals within their own circuitry using energy storage, thus eliminating the need for CW.

[0210] II. Nodes in AIoT:

[0211] In AIoT, there can be four types of links: link 1 for transmitting downlink information, link 2 for receiving uplink information, link 3 for sending CW signals, and link 4 for sending charging signals. The four nodes involved in these four links can be the same node or multiple separate nodes.

[0212] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of an AIoT architecture according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 1B, AIoT may include at least one of DSN, UR, CWN, and ESN. Specifically, DSN is used to transmit downlink information, UR is used to receive uplink information, CWN is used to transmit CW signals, and ESN is used to transmit charging signals.

[0213] In some embodiments, the energy harvesting link (such as link 4) in Figure 1B can be network-controlled. For example, the network can control the ESN to turn on or off to charge the AIoT device. In this case, the ESN can better coordinate with functions such as network scheduling, ensuring that the AIoT device is charged while minimizing disruption to its communication. In some embodiments, the ESN may also be uncontrolled by the network, or in other words, the AIoT device can flexibly harvest energy based on its own capabilities and the energy sources in the actual environment. For example, the AIoT device can harvest electromagnetic or non-electromagnetic energy that is not controlled by the network; in this case, there is no specific ESN. In this case, link 4 does not exist in the AIoT system.

[0214] In conjunction with the aforementioned AIoT, ESN, when providing power to AIoT devices via radio electromagnetic waves, can transmit electromagnetic waves on a single tone or multiple tones. A single tone can be an unmodulated electromagnetic wave or an electromagnetic wave with a narrow bandwidth. The advantage of transmitting on multiple tones is that it can combat the effects of frequency-selective fading.

[0215] Therefore, in scenarios where electromagnetic waves are transmitted at multiple frequencies, how to select the appropriate frequency for wireless charging is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0216] It should be noted that in the embodiments disclosed herein, terms such as "electromagnetic wave", "radio electromagnetic wave", "radio frequency signal", and "charging signal" can be used interchangeably.

[0217] This disclosure provides a communication method, network node, communication system, storage medium, and program product. By measuring the charging pilot signals transmitted by the second node at multiple frequency points, and based on the charging parameters corresponding to each frequency point obtained from the measurements, a first frequency point that is more suitable for wireless charging is determined from the multiple frequency points, thereby improving the efficiency of wireless charging.

[0218] The devices in this disclosure are not limited to AIoT devices, but can also be devices in other systems or networks that use electromagnetic waves for charging.

[0219] In some embodiments, the communication system may include a DSN, a CWN, a UR, and an AIoT device (such as the first device). In one example, the first node may be a UR, a CWN, or a DSN. In one example, the second node is an ESN. In one example, the first device is an AIoT device.

[0220] In some embodiments, the process of the first node performing the measurement can be network-controlled. In one example, terms such as "ESN" and "EHN" can be used interchangeably.

[0221] In some embodiments, the process of the second node sending a charging signal or a charging pilot signal can be network-controlled.

[0222] In some embodiments, the process of the first device backscattering the received signal can be network-controlled.

[0223] In some embodiments, the first node, the second node, and the first device can communicate directly or indirectly through an intermediate node. For example, the intermediate node can be an AIoT device.

[0224] In some embodiments, the above measurements are performed before the first device performs wireless charging.

[0225] Figure 2A is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2A, the present disclosure relates to a communication method. Executed by a communication system 100, the communication method includes steps S201 to S209.

[0226] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first node is a DSN, the second node is an ESN, and the first device is an AIoT device, as an example for illustration.

[0227] In some embodiments, the first node may also be UR or CWN, and its execution process can be referred to in steps S201 to S209 below, which will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0228] In step S201, the AIoT device sends the fourth message.

[0229] In some embodiments, the DSN receives fourth information.

[0230] In some embodiments, the UR receives the fourth information and sends it to the DSN. In one embodiment, the AIoT device sends an uplink signal, in which case the fourth information is carried in the uplink information. The UR receives the uplink signal and demodulates it to obtain the fourth information. Then, the UR sends the fourth information to the DSN. In one embodiment, the uplink signal may be an R2D (reader to device) signal.

[0231] In some embodiments, the fourth information is used to request measurements of multiple charging pilot signals.

[0232] In some embodiments, the name of the fourth information is not specifically limited, for example, request information, measurement request information, remeasurement request information, measurement modification information, measurement change information, etc.

[0233] In some embodiments, the measurement of the charging pilot signal can be requested by the AIoT device. In one embodiment, the AIoT device can send a fourth message to the DSN to request the measurement of the charging pilot signal when wireless charging is required. In one example, the AIoT device can send the fourth message to the DSN when its own battery level is below a preset threshold. In one embodiment, the AIoT device can also send the fourth message to the DSN to request an update of the charging pilot signal and trigger the measurement of the new charging pilot signal when charging parameters need to be adjusted.

[0234] In some embodiments, when the fourth information is received by the UR, the fourth information may be carried in the CW backscattered by the AIoT device. In some embodiments, when the fourth information may be sent by the UR to the DSN, the fourth information may be carried in at least one of the uplink higher-layer signaling and the downlink higher-layer signaling.

[0235] In one example, downlink higher-layer signaling may include signaling from radio resource control (RRC) messages, media access control (MAC) control element (CE), downlink control information (DCI), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), physical downlink share channel (PDSCH), and non-access stratum (NAS) messages. Of course, the fourth information can also be other downlink higher-layer signaling, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0236] In one example, uplink higher-layer signaling may include signaling from RRC messages, uplink control information (UCI), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), physical uplink share channel (PUSCH), NAS messages, etc. Of course, the fourth information can also be other uplink higher-layer signaling, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0237] In some embodiments, step S201 can be omitted, in which case the measurement of the charging pilot signal can be triggered by DSN.

[0238] In step S202, the DSN sends the eleventh message.

[0239] In some embodiments, the ESN receives the eleventh message.

[0240] In some embodiments, the DSN responds to the fourth message and sends the eleventh message.

[0241] In some embodiments, the eleventh information is used to indicate a second resource, wherein the second resource is used to measure the charging pilot signal at multiple frequency points. Here, the frequency points for measurement may be referred to as candidate frequency points, candidate charging frequency points, etc.

[0242] In some embodiments, since the second resource is used for measuring the charging pilot signal at multiple frequency points, the second resource is used to indicate at least one of the configuration of the multiple charging pilot signals and the measurement configuration of the multiple charging pilot signals. In some embodiments, the second resource is used to indicate the configuration of the charging pilot signals and / or the measurement configuration. In this case, the second resource may also be referred to as a measurement resource or a charging measurement resource. In some embodiments, the charging pilot signal is essentially also a charging signal, so the second resource may also be referred to as a charging resource.

[0243] In some embodiments, multiple charging pilot signals can be used for measurements at multiple frequency points.

[0244] In some embodiments, the configuration of each charging pilot signal may include at least one of the following: duration of the charging pilot signal, transmission period of the charging pilot signal, and transmission frequency of the charging pilot signal.

[0245] In some embodiments, the transmission frequencies of the multiple charging pilot signals indicated by the second resource are different. Here, the transmission frequencies of the charging pilot signals can be understood as the aforementioned candidate frequencies, candidate charging frequencies, etc. One charging pilot signal can be transmitted at one frequency. Of course, to improve the accuracy of the measurement, multiple charging pilot signals can also be transmitted at one frequency, and these charging pilot signals have the same transmission frequency.

[0246] In some embodiments, transmitting multiple charging pilot signals at one frequency point can be understood as transmitting the same charging pilot signal multiple times at one frequency point. In some embodiments, transmitting multiple charging pilot signals at one frequency point can be understood as transmitting different charging pilot signals at one frequency point respectively.

[0247] In some embodiments, different charging pilot signals transmitted at the same frequency point may have the same frequency, but at least one of the parameters such as signal strength, modulation method, and phase is different.

[0248] In some embodiments, the charging pilot signals transmitted at different frequency points may have the same frequency, but all parameters such as signal strength, modulation method, and phase are the same. In some embodiments, the charging pilot signals transmitted at different frequency points may also have the same frequency, but some parameters such as signal strength, modulation method, and phase are the same.

[0249] In some embodiments, the transmission frequency of the charging pilot signal may be specified by the protocol, or determined by the ESN based on its own capabilities and hardware implementation. In this case, the transmission frequency of the charging pilot signal may not be included in the second resource.

[0250] In some embodiments, the duration of the plurality of charging pilot signals indicated by the second resource can be a first duration. In some embodiments, the duration of the plurality of charging pilot signals can be the same. This ensures that the charging parameters measured at each frequency point are valid and can be used to determine one or more first frequency points. In one example, the first frequency point may also be referred to as the target frequency point, the target charging frequency point, etc.

[0251] In some embodiments, the duration of the charging pilot signal can be configured by the DSN.

[0252] In some embodiments, the duration of the charging pilot signal can be configured according to the transmission frequency. That is, each frequency is associated with a corresponding duration of the charging pilot signal. In this case, the duration of the charging pilot signal applies to one or more charging pilot signals transmitted on that candidate frequency. In some embodiments, the duration of the charging pilot signal can also be configured according to the measurement period. That is, each measurement period is associated with a corresponding duration of the charging pilot signal, meaning that for a single measurement, the network can configure the corresponding duration of the charging pilot signal. In this case, the duration of the charging pilot signal can apply to one or more charging pilot signals transmitted within the current measurement period. In some embodiments, the duration of the charging pilot signal can also be configured according to the capabilities of the ESN itself. That is, ESNs with different capabilities are associated with different values ​​for the duration of the charging pilot signal. In this case, the ESN can report its capabilities to the DSN so that the DSN can configure the corresponding duration of the charging pilot signal for it. At this time, the duration of the charging pilot signal applies to one or more charging pilot signals transmitted in the ESN.

[0253] In some embodiments, the capabilities of an ESN can be its power supply method (e.g., power supply by a power source, battery power supply), number of antennas, transmission power, etc.

[0254] In one example, when the ESN is powered by an electrical supply, the duration of the charging pilot signal can be T1. When the ESN is powered by a battery, the duration of the charging pilot signal can be longer, such as T2, where T1 > T2, to reduce the energy consumption of the ESN. In one example, the higher the transmission power of the ESN, the shorter the duration of the charging pilot signal can be. In one example, the more antennas the ESN has, the shorter the duration of the charging pilot signal can be. It should be noted that this is only an example of configuring the duration of the charging pilot signal, and this disclosure does not specifically limit the configuration method of the transmission period of the charging pilot signal.

[0255] In some embodiments, the duration of the charging pilot signal may be specified by the protocol, or determined by the ESN based on its own capabilities and hardware implementation. In this case, the duration of the charging pilot signal may not be included in the second resource.

[0256] Of course, the duration of the charging pilot signal can also be configured in other ways, and this disclosure does not limit this.

[0257] It should be noted that the terms "frequency point" and "frequency" mentioned above can be used interchangeably.

[0258] In some embodiments, the charging pilot signal may be transmitted periodically. Therefore, the second resource may include the transmission period of the charging pilot signal. In this case, the transmission period of the charging pilot signal is configured by the DSN. In some embodiments, the transmission period of the charging pilot signal may be configured according to transmission frequency points. That is, each frequency point is associated with a corresponding transmission period of the charging pilot signal. In this case, the ESN may periodically transmit one or more charging pilot signals at that frequency point according to the transmission period of the charging pilot signal. In some embodiments, the transmission period of the charging pilot signal may also be configured according to a measurement period. That is, each measurement period is associated with a corresponding transmission period of the charging pilot signal; that is, for a single measurement, the DSN may configure a corresponding transmission period of the charging pilot signal. In this case, the ESN periodically transmits one or more charging pilot signals at multiple frequency points within that measurement period according to the transmission period of the charging pilot signal. Here, the transmission period of the charging pilot signal is shorter than the measurement period. In some embodiments, the transmission period of the charging pilot signal may also be configured according to the capabilities of the ESN itself. In other words, ESNs with different capabilities have different transmission periods for the power pilot signals. In this case, the ESN can report its capabilities to the DSN so that the DSN can configure the corresponding transmission period for the power pilot signals. Then, the ESN can adjust the transmission period of the power pilot signals and periodically transmit one or more power pilot signals at each of multiple frequency points.

[0259] In one example, when the ESN is powered by an electrical supply, the transmission period of the charging pilot signal can be D1. When the ESN is powered by a battery, the transmission period of the charging pilot signal can be longer than D2, where D1 < D2, to reduce the energy consumption of the ESN. In one example, the higher the transmission power of the ESN, the longer the transmission period of the charging pilot signal can be. In one example, the more antennas the ESN has, the longer the transmission period of the charging pilot signal can be. It should be noted that this is only an example of configuring the transmission period of the charging pilot signal, and this disclosure does not specifically limit the configuration method of the transmission period of the charging pilot signal.

[0260] In some embodiments, the transmission period of the charging pilot signal may be specified by the protocol, or determined by the ESN based on its own capabilities and hardware implementation. In this case, the transmission period of the charging pilot signal may not be included in the second resource.

[0261] Of course, the transmission period of the charging pilot signal can also be configured in other ways, and this disclosure does not limit this.

[0262] In some embodiments, the charging pilot signal may also be transmitted aperiodically, in which case the second resource may not include the transmission period of the charging pilot signal.

[0263] It should be noted that regardless of whether the charging pilot signal is transmitted periodically or aperiodically, the AIoT device needs to reach a consensus with the ESN on the transmission time of the charging pilot signal. Only in this way can the AIoT device receive and measure the charging pilot signal.

[0264] In some embodiments, the DSN can also send eleventh information to the AIoT device, enabling the AIoT device to reach a consistent understanding with the ESN regarding the transmission timing of the charging pilot signal. In one example, the DSN can send the eleventh information to the AIoT device via a downlink signal, where the eleventh information is carried within the downlink signal. In one embodiment, the downlink signal can be a D2R (device to reader) signal.

[0265] In some embodiments, the measurement configuration for each charging pilot signal may include at least one of the quantity of the charging pilot signal and the measurement period of the charging pilot signal.

[0266] In some embodiments, the measured quantities of the charging pilot signal include at least one of the following: the received power of the charging pilot signal, the energy harvesting efficiency, and the energy harvesting rate.

[0267] In one embodiment, the received power of the charging pilot signal refers to the power of the charging pilot signal received by the AIoT device at different frequency points.

[0268] In one embodiment, energy harvesting efficiency refers to the ratio between the energy stored by an AIoT device within a unit of time-domain resources and the energy received within the same unit of time-domain resources. In one example, a unit of time-domain resources can be a unit of time, such as 1 second (s), 1 microsecond (ms), 1 picosecond (ps), 1 slot, 1 symbol, or the length of a cyclic prefix (cp).

[0269] In one example, for the case of wirelessly charging an AIoT device via electromagnetic waves, there is a certain mapping relationship between the charging efficiency of the AIoT device per unit time and the received power of the electromagnetic waves, as shown in Table 1 below. Here, x is the received power of the electromagnetic waves (such as the charging pilot signal), and S is the energy harvesting (EH) sensitivity in the range [-35, -30, -25] for evaluation purposes.

[0270] Table 1

[0271] In one embodiment, the above mapping relationship can be related to the configuration of the energy storage circuit of the AIoT device.

[0272] In one embodiment, energy receiving efficiency refers to the energy stored by an AIoT device within a unit of time domain resources. In other words, energy receiving efficiency refers to the amount of energy an AIoT device stores per unit of time.

[0273] In some embodiments, the measurement of the charging pilot signal can be periodically transmitted. Therefore, the second resource can include the measurement period of the charging pilot signal. In this case, the measurement period of the charging pilot signal can be configured by the DSN. In some embodiments, the measurement period of the charging pilot signal can be the same as the transmission period of the charging pilot signal. In other words, the charging pilot signal can be transmitted and measured within the same time domain resource.

[0274] In some embodiments, the measurement period of the charging pilot signal may be specified by the protocol, or determined by the ESN based on its own capabilities and hardware implementation. In this case, the measurement period of the charging pilot signal may not be included in the second resource.

[0275] Of course, the measurement period of the charging pilot signal can also be configured in other ways, and this disclosure does not limit this.

[0276] In some embodiments, the measurement of the charging pilot signal may also be aperiodic, in which case the measurement period of the charging pilot signal may not be included in the second resource.

[0277] It should be noted that regardless of whether the charging pilot signal is transmitted periodically or aperiodically, the AIoT device needs to reach a consensus with the ESN on the measurement time of the charging pilot signal. Only in this way can the AIoT device receive and measure the charging pilot signal.

[0278] In some embodiments, the eleventh information may include at least one of information A, information B (such as second information), information C, information D, and information E (such as eighth information), wherein information A is used to indicate the duration of the charging pilot signal, information B is used to indicate the transmission period of the charging pilot signal, information C is used to indicate the transmission frequency of the charging pilot signal, information D is used to indicate the measurement quantity of the charging pilot signal, and information E is used to indicate the measurement period of the charging pilot signal.

[0279] In some embodiments, the eleventh information can be broadcast information and transmitted within a broadcast message. In some embodiments, the DSN can configure second resources for one or more ESNs (such as ESN A and ESN B) and indicate them to each ESN through different information fields in the broadcast information. In this case, the eleventh information can be used to indicate the second resources of one or more ESNs. In one example, the eleventh information indicates the second resource of ESN A through a first information field, so that ESN A can determine its own second resource from the first information field after receiving the eleventh information. In another example, the eleventh information can indicate the second resource of ESN A through a first information field and the second resource of ESN B through a second information field, so that ESN A can determine its own second resource from the first information field after receiving the eleventh information, and ESN B can determine its own second resource from the second information field after receiving the eleventh information.

[0280] In one example, the broadcast information mentioned above can be system information, such as a main information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB). In one embodiment, the SIB can include at least one of SIB1 to SIBx, where x is a positive integer. Of course, the fourth information can also be other system information, and this disclosure does not specifically limit it.

[0281] In some embodiments, the eleventh message can be transmitted via downlink higher-layer signaling and carried within a higher-layer message. In some embodiments, the DSN can configure a second resource for one or more ESNs and indicate this to each ESN via higher-layer signaling. In this case, the eleventh message can be used to indicate the second resource of an ESN. In one example, the eleventh message sent to ESN A indicates ESN A's second resource, enabling ESN A to determine its own second resource upon receiving the eleventh message.

[0282] In some embodiments, when the measurement of the charging pilot signal is triggered by the DSN, step S201 can be performed after step S202. In one embodiment, the fourth device can be received by the UR and sent to the DSN. Then, the DSN sends third information to the ESN based on the fourth information to instruct the ESN to send multiple charging pilot signals. In one example, the fourth information can be carried in the uplink signal of the AIoT device, and the third information can be carried in the downlink signal of the AIoT device.

[0283] In some embodiments, when the fourth information is received by the UR, the fourth information may be carried in the CW backscattered by the AIoT device. In some embodiments, when the fourth information is sent by the UR to the DSN, the fourth information may be carried in at least one of the uplink higher-layer signaling and the downlink higher-layer signaling.

[0284] In step S203, the ESN transmits charging pilot signals at multiple frequency points.

[0285] In some embodiments, the ESN transmits the charging pilot signal at multiple frequency points according to the duration of the charging pilot signal.

[0286] In some embodiments, the ESN transmits the charging pilot signal at multiple frequency points according to the transmission period of the charging pilot signal. In this case, the charging pilot signal at multiple frequency points can be periodic.

[0287] In some embodiments, the ESN transmits charging pilot signals on multiple frequency points based on third information transmitted by the DSN. In this case, the charging pilot signals on the multiple frequency points can be aperiodic and triggered by the DSN.

[0288] In some embodiments, the ESN determines the time-domain resources (such as the first time-domain resources) for transmitting the charging pilot signal at different frequency points based on the transmission period and / or duration of the charging pilot signal, and transmits the charging pilot signal on the corresponding time-domain resources.

[0289] In some embodiments, the AIoT device receives charging pilot signals on multiple frequency points. In some embodiments, the AIoT device receives charging pilot signals on corresponding time-domain resources on multiple frequency points.

[0290] In some embodiments, when the AIoT device is unaware of the frequency domain locations of multiple frequency points, it can receive multiple charging pilot signals. In one embodiment, the AIoT device does not distinguish between these multiple frequency points in the frequency domain; it only needs to passively receive the charging pilot signals. Therefore, the AIoT device may be unaware of which frequency points the charging pilot signals occupy. In one embodiment, when the multiple frequency points are determined automatically by the ESN, the AIoT device does not distinguish between the multiple frequency points in the frequency domain and only needs to passively receive the charging pilot signals.

[0291] In some embodiments, when the AIoT device knows the frequency domain locations of multiple frequency points, the AIoT device receives charging pilot signals on multiple frequency points. In one embodiment, when the DSN sends eleventh information to the AIoT device, the AIoT device knows the frequency domain locations of multiple frequency points. In another embodiment, when the multiple frequency points are defined by a protocol, the AIoT device knows the frequency domain locations of multiple frequency points.

[0292] In some embodiments, depending on the AIoT device's different measurement capabilities for charging frequencies, the ESN can transmit charging pilot signals using different transmission methods. In one example, when the AIoT device can simultaneously measure multiple frequencies, the ESN can transmit multiple charging pilot signals on the same time domain resources. In one example, Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of the transmission timing of charging pilot signals and charging signals according to embodiments of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 2B, on time resource 1, the ESN is not a charging pilot signal on multiple frequencies. In one example, when the AIoT device can only measure one frequency at a time, the ESN can sequentially transmit multiple charging pilot signals on different time domain resources. In one example, FIG2C is another schematic diagram of the transmission timing of the charging pilot signal and the charging signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2C, on time resource 1, the ESN transmits the charging pilot signal at frequency point 1; on time resource 2, the ESN transmits the charging pilot signal at frequency point 2; on time resource 3, the ESN transmits the charging pilot signal at frequency point 3; and on time resource 4, the ESN transmits the charging pilot signal at frequency point 4.

[0293] In step S204, the AIoT device measures multiple charging pilot signals.

[0294] In some embodiments, after receiving charging pilot signals at multiple frequency points, the AIoT device calculates the charging parameters of each charging pilot signal, and then determines the measurement results of each charging pilot signal based on the charging parameters, such as the values ​​of each charging parameter and the frequency point recommended by the AIoT device (e.g., a second frequency point). In one example, the charging parameters of the charging pilot signals may include at least one of a first parameter, a second parameter, and a third parameter. The first parameter indicates the received power of each charging pilot signal, the second parameter indicates the energy harvesting efficiency, and the third parameter indicates the energy collection rate.

[0295] In some embodiments, the measurement of multiple charging pilot signals can be periodic. In one embodiment, the AIoT device has a clock and the ability to maintain the clock. In this case, the AIoT device can measure multiple charging pilot signals according to the measurement period of the charging pilot signals. In one embodiment, the AIoT device can determine the time-domain resources (such as a first time-domain resource) for receiving charging pilot signals at different frequency points according to the measurement period of the charging pilot signals, and receive the charging pilot signals on the corresponding time-domain resources. At the same time, the AIoT device measures multiple charging pilot signals on the first time-domain resource.

[0296] In some embodiments, the measurement of multiple charging pilot signals can be aperiodic. In this case, the AIoT device responds to the downlink signal transmitted by the DSN and performs measurements of the multiple charging pilot signals. In one embodiment, the AIoT device can determine the time-domain resources (such as a first time-domain resource) for receiving charging pilot signals at different frequency points based on the duration of the charging pilot signals, and receive the charging pilot signals on the corresponding time-domain resources. Simultaneously, the AIoT device measures the multiple charging pilot signals on the first time-domain resource.

[0297] In one embodiment, the AIoT device can use different radio frequency modules to receive charging signals and downlink signals; that is, the AIoT device can simultaneously receive charging signals and downlink signals transmitted by the DSN. In other words, it can receive charging signals and downlink signals on one time-domain resource, while the charging signals and downlink signals can be transmitted on different frequency-domain resources. In this case, the DSN can send a ninth message to the AIoT device, which instructs that multiple charging pilot signals be measured on the first time-domain resource. The AIoT device responds to the ninth message and measures the multiple charging pilot signals on the first time-domain resource.

[0298] In one embodiment, the AIoT device can use the same RF module to receive both the charging signal and the downlink signal. This means the AIoT device may not be able to simultaneously receive both the charging signal and the downlink signal transmitted by the DSN. In other words, it can receive either the charging signal or the downlink signal on a single time-domain resource. In this case, the AIoT device may not detect the charging pilot signals at various frequency points, or the detected charging pilot signal value may be 0. In this situation, the AIoT device enters DSN listening mode to listen for downlink transmissions; that is, the AIoT device listens for downlink signals. When the DSN needs to instruct the measurement of multiple charging pilot signals, it can send a tenth message to the AIoT device. This tenth message instructs the measurement of multiple charging pilot signals on a first time-domain resource. The AIoT device responds to the tenth message and performs measurements on the multiple charging pilot signals on the first time-domain resource.

[0299] In some embodiments, the ESN can transmit multiple charging pilot signals on the first time domain resource, and the AIoT device can measure the multiple charging pilot signals. In other words, multiple charging pilot signals can be transmitted and measured on the first time domain resource.

[0300] In step S205, the DSN sends the sixth message.

[0301] In some embodiments, the ESN receives a sixth message.

[0302] In some embodiments, the DSN responds to the fourth information and sends the sixth information. In some embodiments, the DSN sends the sixth information based on the measurement configuration of the charging pilot signal.

[0303] In some embodiments, the sixth information is used to indicate the first resource, which is used by the AIoT device to report the measurement results of the charging pilot signal.

[0304] In some embodiments, the sixth message can be sent together with the eleventh message, or they can be sent separately. In some embodiments, the sixth message can be carried in the same message as the eleventh message, or they can be carried in different messages. In some embodiments, the sixth message can be sent simultaneously with the eleventh message, or they can be sent at different times.

[0305] In some embodiments, since the first resource is used for reporting the measurement results of the charging pilot signals, the first resource is used to indicate the reporting configuration of multiple charging pilot signals. In this case, the first resource may also be referred to as a reporting resource or a charging reporting resource.

[0306] In some embodiments, the measurement results of the charging pilot signal can be reported periodically. Therefore, the first resource may include the reporting period of the charging pilot signal. In this case, the reporting period of the charging pilot signal is configured by the DSN. In some embodiments, the reporting period of the charging pilot signal can be configured according to a transmission frequency point. That is, each frequency point is associated with a corresponding charging pilot signal reporting period. In this case, the AIoT device periodically transmits the measurement results of one or more charging pilot signals at that frequency point according to the charging pilot signal reporting period. In some embodiments, the reporting period of the charging pilot signal can also be configured according to a measurement period. That is, each measurement period is associated with a corresponding charging pilot signal reporting period; that is, for a single measurement, the DSN can configure a corresponding charging pilot signal reporting period. In this case, the AIoT device periodically transmits the measurement results of one or more charging pilot signals at multiple frequency points within that measurement period, according to the charging pilot signal reporting period. In some embodiments, the reporting period of the charging pilot signal can also be configured according to the capabilities of the AIoT device itself. In other words, AIoT devices with different capabilities have different reporting periods for their charging pilot signals. In this case, the AIoT device can report its own capabilities to the Data Service Provider (DSN) so that the DSN can configure the corresponding reporting period for its charging pilot signals. Then, the AIoT device can periodically transmit the measurement results of one or more charging pilot signals at each of multiple frequency points according to the charging pilot signal reporting period. In one embodiment, the AIoT device's own capabilities may include its remaining battery power, transmission power, number of antennas, etc.

[0307] In one example, the lower the battery level of the AIoT device, the longer the reporting period of the charging pilot signal can be, in order to reduce the energy consumption of the AIoT device. In another example, the higher the transmission power of the AIoT device, the longer the reporting period of the charging pilot signal can be. In yet another example, the more antennas the ESN has, the longer the reporting period of the charging pilot signal can be. It should be noted that this is only an example of configuring the reporting period of the charging pilot signal, and the embodiments of this disclosure do not specifically limit the configuration method of the reporting period of the charging pilot signal.

[0308] In some embodiments, the reporting period for the charging pilot signal may be specified by the protocol, or determined by the AIoT device itself based on its capabilities and hardware implementation. In this case, the reporting period for the charging pilot signal may not be included in the first resource.

[0309] Of course, the reporting period of the charging pilot signal can also be configured in other ways, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0310] In some embodiments, the charging pilot signal may also be transmitted aperiodically, in which case the reporting period of the charging pilot signal may not be included in the first resource.

[0311] It should be noted that regardless of whether the charging pilot signal measurement results are reported periodically or aperiodically, the AIoT device needs to reach a consensus with the DSN on the reporting time of the charging pilot signal. Only in this way can the DSN receive the measurement results of the charging pilot signal.

[0312] In some embodiments, step S205 can be omitted. In this case, the reporting configuration of the charging pilot signal is specified by the protocol or determined by the AIoT device itself.

[0313] In step S206, the AIoT device sends the first information.

[0314] In some embodiments, the DSN receives first information.

[0315] In some embodiments, the UR receives the first information and sends it to the DSN. In one embodiment, the AIoT device sends an uplink signal, in which case the first information is carried in the uplink information. The UR receives the uplink signal and demodulates it to obtain the first information. Then, the UR sends the first information to the DSN.

[0316] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate the measurement results of a plurality of charging pilot signals.

[0317] In some embodiments, the measurement result of the charging pilot signal includes at least one of one or more second frequency points and charging parameters of the charging pilot signal. In some embodiments, the second frequency point may refer to a frequency point recommended by the AIoT device. Here, the second frequency point may be referred to as a recommended frequency point, a recommended charging frequency point, etc.

[0318] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate the charging parameters of a plurality of charging pilot signals. In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate the values ​​of the charging parameters of a plurality of charging pilot signals.

[0319] In some embodiments, the first information is used to indicate one or more second frequency points. In some embodiments, the AIoT device selects one or more recommended frequency points from a plurality of frequency points based on measured charging parameters. In one example, the first information may include identification information for one or more second frequency points.

[0320] In some embodiments, an AIoT device may determine a frequency point that meets a first preset condition from among multiple frequency points as a second frequency point.

[0321] In some embodiments, the first preset condition may include: the received power of the charging pilot signal corresponding to the second frequency point is greater than a first preset value. In some embodiments, the AIoT device determines the frequency point associated with the charging pilot signal whose received power is greater than the first preset value as the second frequency point.

[0322] In some embodiments, the first preset condition may include: the energy harvesting efficiency of the charging pilot signal corresponding to the second frequency point is greater than a second preset value. In some embodiments, the AIoT device determines the frequency point associated with the charging pilot signal whose energy harvesting efficiency is greater than the second preset value as the second frequency point.

[0323] In some embodiments, the first preset condition may include: the energy harvesting rate of the charging pilot signal corresponding to the second frequency point is greater than a third preset value. In some embodiments, the AIoT device determines the frequency point associated with the charging pilot signal whose energy harvesting rate is greater than the third preset value as the second frequency point.

[0324] It should be noted that the first, second, and third preset values ​​mentioned above can be configured by the DSN, specified by the protocol, or determined by the AIoT device according to its own implementation.

[0325] In some embodiments, the name of the first information is not specifically limited, for example, measurement report, measurement result report, charging parameter information, charging parameter report, etc.

[0326] In some embodiments, the measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals may be reported periodically. In one embodiment, the AIoT device can report the measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals according to the reporting period of the charging pilot signals. In another embodiment, the AIoT device can determine the time-domain resources (such as a second time-domain resource) for reporting the measurement results of the charging pilot signals at different frequency points according to the reporting period of the charging pilot signals, and send the measurement results of the charging pilot signals on the corresponding time-domain resources.

[0327] In some embodiments, the measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals may be reported aperiodically. In this case, the AIoT device responds to the downlink signal (such as the seventh message) sent by the DSN and performs the reporting of the measurement results of the multiple charging pilot signals. In one embodiment, the AIoT device may respond to the seventh message, determine the time-domain resource (such as the second time-domain resource) for reporting the measurement results of the multiple charging pilot signals, and send the measurement results of the charging pilot signals on the corresponding time-domain resource.

[0328] In one example, still referring to Figures 2B and 2C, the measurement results (such as the first information) of the charging pilot signal transmitted by the AIoT device over a time resource.

[0329] In step S207, the DSN determines the first frequency point from multiple frequency points.

[0330] In some embodiments, the DSN determines a first frequency point from multiple frequency points based on first information. In some embodiments, the DSN determines the first frequency point from multiple frequency points based on measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals. Here, the first frequency point may be referred to as a target frequency point, a preferred charging frequency point, etc.

[0331] In some embodiments, the number of first frequency points can be one or more.

[0332] In some embodiments, the measurement results of the charging pilot signal include the charging parameters of the charging pilot signal. In this case, the DSN determines a first frequency point from multiple frequency points based on the charging parameters of the charging pilot signal.

[0333] In some embodiments, the measurement results of the charging pilot signal include one or more second frequency points. In this case, the DSN determines the second frequency point as the first frequency point. In this case, the one or more first frequency points include all the second frequency points.

[0334] In some embodiments, the measurement results of the charging pilot signal include one or more second frequency points and charging parameters of multiple charging pilot signals. In this case, the DSN can determine a first frequency point from one or more second frequency points based on the charging parameters of the charging pilot signals associated with the second frequency point. In this case, the one or more first frequency points include a subset of the second frequency points. In some embodiments, the measurement results of the charging pilot signal may also include only the charging parameters of the charging pilot signals associated with the second frequency point, or they may include the charging parameters of all charging pilot signals.

[0335] In some embodiments, the DSN can determine the frequency point that meets the second preset condition among a plurality of frequency points as the first frequency point.

[0336] In some embodiments, the second preset condition may include: the charging pilot signal corresponding to the first frequency point has the maximum received power. In some embodiments, the DSN determines the frequency point associated with the charging pilot signal with the maximum received power as the first frequency point.

[0337] In some embodiments, the second preset condition may include: the charging pilot signal corresponding to the first frequency point has the highest energy harvesting efficiency. In some embodiments, the DSN determines the frequency point associated with the charging pilot signal with the highest energy harvesting efficiency as the first frequency point.

[0338] In some embodiments, the second preset condition may include: the charging pilot signal corresponding to the first frequency point has the maximum energy harvesting rate. In some embodiments, the DSN determines the frequency point associated with the charging pilot signal with the minimum energy harvesting rate as the first frequency point.

[0339] In step S208, the DSN sends the fifth message.

[0340] In some embodiments, the ESN receives the fifth information.

[0341] In some embodiments, the fifth information is used to instruct the ESN to send a charging signal on the first frequency. In some embodiments, the charging signal is used to provide power to AIoT devices.

[0342] In some embodiments, the fifth information may be carried in at least one of the uplink higher-layer signaling and the downlink higher-layer signaling.

[0343] In step S209, the ESN sends a charging signal at the first frequency point.

[0344] In some embodiments, the AIoT device receives a charging signal on a first frequency point to perform wireless charging.

[0345] In one example, referring to Figure 2B, the ESN can determine frequency 2 and frequency 3 from frequency 1, frequency 2, frequency 3, and frequency 4. The AIoT device transmits charging signals on frequency 2 and frequency 3. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 2B, the ESN can also determine frequency 1 and frequency 3 from frequency 1, frequency 2, frequency 3, and frequency 4. The AIoT device transmits charging signals on frequency 1 and frequency 3.

[0346] In one example, referring to Figure 2C, the ESN can determine frequency 2 and frequency 3 from frequency 1, frequency 2, frequency 3, and frequency 4. The AIoT device transmits charging signals on frequency 2 and frequency 3. In another example, referring to Figure 2C, the ESN can also determine frequency 1 and frequency 3 from frequency 1, frequency 2, frequency 3, and frequency 4. The AIoT device transmits charging signals on frequency 1 and frequency 3.

[0347] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0348] In some embodiments, the terms “carrying,” “including,” “containing,” and “encapsulating” can be used interchangeably.

[0349] In some embodiments, the terms “radio”, “wireless”, “radioaccessnetwork (RAN)”, “accessnetwork (AN)”, and “RAN-based” can be used interchangeably.

[0350] In some embodiments, “get,” “obtain,” “receive,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” and “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining through self-processing, or autonomous implementation, among other meanings.

[0351] In some embodiments, terms such as “send,” “transmit,” “report,” “transmit,” “request,” “bidirectional transmission,” “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably.

[0352] In some embodiments, the terms “issue,” “return,” “feedback,” “response,” and “acknowledgement” can be used interchangeably.

[0353] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain," "preset," "default," "set," "indicated," "a certain," "any," and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A," "preset A," "default A," "set A," "indicated A," "a certain A," "any A," and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0354] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (boolean), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0355] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S201 to S209. For example, step S201 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S202 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S203 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S204 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S205 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S206 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S207 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S208 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S209 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S201 to S204 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S202 to S204 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S202 to S204 and step S206 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S201 to S205 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S201 to S206 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S207 to S209 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S201 to S204 and steps S207 to S209 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S202 to S204 and steps S207 to S209 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S201 to S204, S206, and steps S207 to S209 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S201 to S205 and steps S207 to S209 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S201 to S209 can be combined as independent embodiments.

[0356] Figure 3A is a schematic flowchart illustrating a first type of communication method executed by a first node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3A, the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a first node, such as a DSN. The communication method includes steps S3101 to S3106.

[0357] In step S3101, the fourth information is received.

[0358] The optional implementation of step S3101 can be found in the optional implementation of step S201 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0359] In some embodiments, step S201 can be omitted, in which case the measurement of the charging pilot signal can be triggered by DSN.

[0360] In step S3102, the eleventh message is sent.

[0361] The optional implementation of step S3102 can be found in the optional implementation of step S202 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0362] In step S3103, the sixth message is sent.

[0363] The optional implementation of step S3103 can be found in the optional implementation of step S205 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0364] In some embodiments, step S3103 can be omitted. In this case, the reporting configuration of the charging pilot signal is specified by the protocol or determined by the AIoT device itself.

[0365] In step S3104, the first information is received.

[0366] The optional implementation of step S3104 can be found in the optional implementation of step S206 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0367] In step S3105, a first frequency point is determined from multiple frequency points.

[0368] The optional implementation of step S3105 can be found in the optional implementation of step S207 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0369] In step S3106, the fifth message is sent.

[0370] The optional implementation of step S3106 can be found in the optional implementation of step S208 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0371] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S3101 to S3106. For example, step S3101 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S3102 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S3103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S3104 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3101 and S3103 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3102 and S3104 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3101, S3102, and S3104 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3102 to S3104 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3101, S3103, and steps S3105 to S3106 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3102, S3104, and S3105 to S3106 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S3101, S3102, S3104, and S3105 to S3106 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S3102 to S3104 and S3105 to S3106 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S3101 to S3106 can be combined as independent embodiments.

[0372] Figure 3B is a schematic flowchart illustrating a first type of communication method executed on the second node side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3B, the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a second node, such as an ESN. The communication method includes steps S3201 to S3205.

[0373] In step S3201, the eleventh message is received.

[0374] The optional implementation of step S3201 can be found in the optional implementation of step S202 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0375] In step S3202, charging pilot signals are transmitted at multiple frequency points.

[0376] The optional implementation of step S3202 can be found in the optional implementation of step S203 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0377] In step S3203, the sixth information is received.

[0378] The optional implementation of step S3203 can be found in the optional implementation of step S205 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0379] In some embodiments, step S3203 can be omitted. In this case, the reporting configuration of the charging pilot signal is specified by the protocol or determined by the AIoT device itself.

[0380] In step S3204, the fifth message is received.

[0381] The optional implementation of step S3204 can be found in the optional implementation of step S208 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0382] In step S3205, a charging signal is sent at the first frequency point.

[0383] The optional implementation of step S3205 can be found in the optional implementation of step S209 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0384] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S3201 to S3205. For example, step S3201 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S3202 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S3203 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3201 and S3202 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3201 to S3203 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3201, S3202, and steps S3204 to S3205 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3201 to S3205 may be combined as a standalone embodiment.

[0385] Figure 3C is a schematic flowchart illustrating a first type of communication method executed by a first device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3C, the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a first device, such as an AIoT device. The communication method includes steps S3301 to S3305.

[0386] In step S3301, the fourth message is sent.

[0387] The optional implementation of step S3301 can be found in the optional implementation of step S201 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0388] In some embodiments, step S3301 can be omitted, in which case the measurement of the charging pilot signal can be triggered by DSN.

[0389] In step S3302, charging pilot signals are received at multiple frequency points.

[0390] The optional implementation of step S3302 can be found in the optional implementation of step S203 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0391] In step S3303, multiple charging pilot signals are measured.

[0392] The optional implementation of step S3303 can be found in the optional implementation of step S204 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0393] In step S3304, the first information is sent.

[0394] The optional implementation of step S3304 can be found in the optional implementation of step S206 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0395] In step S3305, a charging signal is received at the first frequency point.

[0396] The optional implementation of step S3305 can be found in the optional implementation of step S209 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0397] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S3301 to S3305. For example, step S3301 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S3302 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S3303 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S3304 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, step S3305 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3301 and S3302 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3302 and S3303 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3301 to S3303 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3301, S3302, and S3304 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3302 to S3304 may be combined as a standalone embodiment. For example, steps S3301 to S3304 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S3301, S3302, and steps S3304 to S3305 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S3302 to S3305 can be combined as independent embodiments. For example, steps S3301 to S3305 can be combined as independent embodiments.

[0398] Figure 4A is a schematic flowchart illustrating a second method for executing a communication method on the first node side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4A, this embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a first node. The communication method includes steps S4101 to S4102.

[0399] In step S4101, the first information is received.

[0400] The optional implementation of step S4101 can be found in the optional implementation of step S206 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0401] In step S4102, one or more first frequency points are determined from multiple frequency points.

[0402] The optional implementation of step S4102 can be found in the optional implementation of step S207 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0403] Figure 4B is a schematic flowchart illustrating a second type of communication method executed on the second node side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4B, the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a second node. The communication method includes step S4201.

[0404] In step S4201, the fifth information is received.

[0405] The optional implementation of step S4201 can be found in the optional implementation of step S208 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0406] Figure 4C is a schematic flowchart illustrating a second method for executing a communication method on the first device side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4C, the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a first device, such as an AIoT device. The communication method includes step S4301.

[0407] In step S4301, the first information is sent.

[0408] The optional implementation of step S4301 can be found in the optional implementation of step S206 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0409] In the following, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be described by way of specific implementation.

[0410] In some embodiments, the charging efficiency / charging power of multiple frequencies is measured and reported, preferably using one or more frequencies for charging.

[0411] In some embodiments, the device (such as the first device) reports multi-tone charging efficiency / charging power.

[0412] In some embodiments, the EHN transmits a power pilot signal: the EHN transmits the power pilot signal on multiple candidate tones. The power pilot signal is essentially a power signal. The power pilot signal is transmitted on all candidate tones, facilitating device measurement of the power pilot signal energy parameters on each tone.

[0413] In some embodiments, there can be one or more candidate tones. Depending on the device's different measurement capabilities for the charging tones, the EHN can transmit the charging pilot signal in different ways. If the device can measure different tones simultaneously, the transmission method can be as shown in Figure 2B, transmitting on multiple tones at the same time; if the device can only measure one tone at a time, the transmission method can be as shown in Figure 2C, transmitting on only one tone at the same time.

[0414] In some embodiments, the duration of the charging pilot signal is T. T can be defined by the protocol or configured by the network.

[0415] In some embodiments, the charge pilot signal can be transmitted periodically or aperiodically. The network can configure a periodic pattern for the EHN to transmit the charge pilot signal periodically. The EHN can also be triggered to transmit the charge pilot signal aperiodically, for example, by the DSN sending a command to the EHN to trigger it. It is important to note that, regardless of whether it is periodic or aperiodic, the device and the EHN need to have a consistent understanding of the transmission time of the charge pilot signal so that the device can measure it.

[0416] In some embodiments, the power of the charging pilot on each tone needs to be known to the device. A simple and effective approach is to have the same transmission power for the charging pilot signal on each tone.

[0417] In some embodiments, the device measures the charge pilot signal: the device needs to measure the charge signal of each of multiple tones. Since the charge signal on some tones is only transmitted for a short duration T, the device needs to measure this short segment of the charge pilot signal to determine the charge parameters of that tone. Therefore, the device needs to know the specific time-domain location of the charge pilot signal. The device knows the specific time-domain location of the charge pilot signal in the following way:

[0418] In method one, the device has a clock and the ability to maintain it. The device can be configured by the network to use periodic time-domain resources to measure the charging pilot signal (periodic measurement).

[0419] In the second method, the device can be instructed by the network to measure the charging pilot signal (aperiodic measurement).

[0420] In some embodiments, if the device uses different radio frequency units to receive the charging signal and the downlink signal sent by the DSN (i.e., the device can simultaneously receive the charging signal and the downlink signal sent by the DSN, typically these two signals are on different frequency domain resources), if the device receives a downlink command sent by the DSN instructing the device to measure the charging signal within a specific time period, the device will measure the charging signal on each tone according to the DSN's instructions.

[0421] In some embodiments, if the device uses the same radio frequency unit to receive the charging signal and the downlink signal transmitted by the DSN (i.e., the device cannot receive the charging signal and the downlink signal transmitted by the DSN simultaneously), if the device detects that the charging signal on each tone cannot be detected, it switches to a mode that listens for the downlink signal transmitted by the DSN. If the device receives a downlink command from the DSN instructing it to measure the charging signal within a specific time period, the device measures the charging signal on each tone according to the DSN's instructions.

[0422] In some embodiments, the period during which the network instructs the device to measure the charging pilot signal is also the period during which the EHN needs to send the charging pilot. Network-side coordination is required to ensure consistency between these two time periods.

[0423] In some embodiments, the device reports the following: periodic or aperiodic charging parameters for each tone. Charging parameters may include: the received power of each tone, energy harvesting efficiency (i.e., the ratio of energy stored per unit time to energy received per unit time), and energy collection rate (i.e., the amount of energy stored per unit time). Alternatively, the device may directly report one or more charging frequencies it recommends.

[0424] In some embodiments, the device reports either periodically or aperiodically.

[0425] In some embodiments, if the device has the ability to maintain a clock and the device has the ability to actively generate signals, the network can configure periodic resources for the device, and the device can use the periodic resources to report the charging parameters of each tone.

[0426] In some embodiments, the device can also be triggered by downlink commands sent by the DSN to report the charging parameters of each tone (which can be periodic or aperiodic). This triggering command can be the same command that triggers the device to measure the charging pilot signal as described above.

[0427] In some embodiments, the device can request measurements aperiodically: the device can also issue measurement requests to measure the charging pilot signals. For example, if the device determines that the charging efficiency or charging rate is low after measuring the current charging signal, and wants to try charging with a tone that has a better wireless propagation environment, it can request the network to measure the charging pilot signals of multiple candidate tones. After receiving this request, the network can send the charging pilot signals in aperiodically as described above, and the device can measure and report in aperiodically as well.

[0428] This disclosure also proposes an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, a terminal is proposed, which includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. Furthermore, another network device is proposed, including units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the network device (e.g., access network device, core network functional node, core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0429] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through a configuration file, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0430] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), or a deep learning processing unit (DPU).

[0431] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 5, the communication device 5100 may include a transceiver module 5101 and a processing module 5102.

[0432] In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5101 is configured to receive first information indicating charging parameters of a plurality of charging pilot signals, which are transmitted by a second node at a plurality of frequency points, and the charging parameters are measured by a first device on the plurality of charging pilot signals. The processing module 5102 is configured to determine one or more first frequency points from the plurality of frequency points based on the charging parameters, and the one or more first frequency points are used by the second node to transmit charging signals. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5101 is further configured to perform at least one of the communication steps, such as transmission and / or reception, performed by the first node in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here. In some embodiments, the processing module 5102 is further configured to perform at least one of the steps, other than the communication steps such as transmission and / or reception, performed by the first node in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0433] In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5101 may also be configured to transmit first information, which indicates charging parameters of a plurality of charging pilot signals. The plurality of charging pilot signals are transmitted by a second node at a plurality of frequency points, and the charging parameters are obtained by a first device measuring the plurality of charging pilot signals. The charging parameters are used by the first node to determine one or more first frequency points from the plurality of frequency points, and the one or more first frequency points are used by the second node to transmit charging signals. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5101 is further configured to perform at least one of the communication steps, such as transmission and / or reception, performed by the first device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here. In some embodiments, the processing module 5102 is further configured to perform at least one of the steps, other than the communication steps such as transmission and / or reception, performed by the first device in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0434] In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5101 may also be configured to receive fifth information, which instructs the transmission of a charging signal on one or more first frequency points. The one or more first frequency points are determined by a first node from multiple frequency points based on charging parameters of multiple charging pilot signals. The charging parameters are measured by a first device on the multiple charging pilot signals, which are transmitted by a second node on the multiple frequency points. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5101 is further configured to perform at least one of the communication steps, such as transmission and / or reception, performed by the second node in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here. In some embodiments, the processing module 5102 is further configured to perform at least one of the steps, other than the communication steps such as transmission and / or reception, performed by the second node in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0435] In some embodiments, the transceiver module described above may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module. The transmitting module and the receiving module may be separate or integrated together. Optionally, the transceiver module described above may be interchangeable with a transceiver.

[0436] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication device 6100 can be any one of a first node, a second node, or a first device; it can also be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the first node in implementing any of the above methods; it can also be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the second node in implementing any of the above methods; and it can also be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the first device in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 6100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments, and specific details can be found in the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0437] As shown in Figure 6, the communication device 6100 includes one or more processors 6101. The processor 6101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 6100 can be used to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 6101 can be used to invoke instructions to cause the communication device 6100 to execute any of the above methods.

[0438] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more transceivers 6102. When the communication device 6100 includes one or more transceivers 6102, the transceiver 6102 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method, and the processor 6101 performs at least one of the other steps. In optional embodiments, the transceiver 6102 may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, interface, etc., can be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, sending unit, transmitter, sending circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0439] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more memories 6103 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the memories 6103 may be located outside the communication device 6100. In optional embodiments, the communication device 6100 may include one or more interface circuits 6104. Optionally, the interface circuits 6104 are connected to the memories 6103 and can be used to receive data from the memories 6103 or other devices, and to send data to the memories 6103 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 6104 can read data stored in the memories 6103 and send that data to the processor 6101.

[0440] The communication device 6100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 6100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 6100 may not be limited by FIG. 6. The communication device may be a standalone device or a part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0441] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a chip provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For cases where the communication device 6100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of the chip 7100 shown in Figure 7, but it is not limited thereto.

[0442] Chip 7100 includes one or more processors 7101. Chip 7100 is used to perform any of the above methods.

[0443] In some embodiments, chip 7100 further includes one or more interface circuits 7102. Optionally, terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pin can be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 7100 further includes one or more memories 7103 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the memories 7103 may be located outside chip 7100. Optionally, interface circuit 7102 is connected to memory 7103, and interface circuit 7102 can be used to receive data from memory 7103 or other devices, and interface circuit 7102 can be used to send data to memory 7103 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 7102 can read data stored in memory 7103 and send the data to processor 7101.

[0444] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 7102 performs at least one of the communication steps, such as sending and / or receiving, in the above-described method. For example, the interface circuit 7102 performing the communication steps, such as sending and / or receiving, in the above-described method means that the interface circuit 7102 performs data interaction between the processor 7101, the chip 7100, the memory 7103, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 7101 performs at least one of the other steps.

[0445] The modules and / or devices described in the various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be combined or separated arbitrarily as needed. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0446] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device 6100, cause the communication device 6100 to perform any of the methods described above. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0447] This disclosure also proposes a program product that, when executed by a communication device 6100, causes the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0448] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

[0449] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0450] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, executed by a first node, the method comprising: Receive first information, which is used to indicate the measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, which are transmitted by the second node at multiple frequency points; Based on the measurement results, one or more first frequency points are determined from the plurality of frequency points, and the one or more first frequency points are used by the second node to send a charging signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The measurement results of the plurality of charging pilot signals include the charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals and / or one or more second frequency points among the plurality of frequency points, wherein the one or more second frequency points are determined based on the charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals, wherein the charging parameters are obtained by the first device from measuring the plurality of charging pilot signals, and the one or more first frequency points are at least one of the one or more second frequency points.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The plurality of charging pilot signals are transmitted on the same time domain resource; or, the plurality of charging pilot signals are transmitted sequentially on different time domain resources.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The duration of each charging pilot signal is the first duration.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, Each charging pilot signal is periodically transmitted by the second node; or, each charging pilot signal is non-periodically transmitted by the second node.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The method further includes: Send a second message, which indicates the transmission period of the charging pilot signal.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The method further includes: Send a third message, which instructs the second node to send the plurality of charging pilot signals.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The sending of the third information includes: Receive fourth information, the fourth information being used to request measurements of multiple charging pilot signals; Based on the fourth information, the third information is sent.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, In the plurality of charging pilot signals, the transmission power of each charging pilot signal is known to the first device.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The transmission power of the plurality of charging pilot signals is equal.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The method further includes: Send a fifth message, which instructs the second node to send the charging signal on one or more first frequency points.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The plurality of charging pilot signals are transmitted by the second node on a first time domain resource, which is used by the first device to measure the plurality of charging pilot signals.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, The charging parameters include at least one of the following: The first parameter indicates the received power of each charging pilot signal; The second parameter is used to indicate the energy harvesting efficiency; The third parameter is used to indicate the energy harvesting rate; Wherein, the energy receiving efficiency is the ratio between the energy stored by the first device within a unit of time domain resources and the energy received within a unit of time domain resources; the energy collection rate is the energy stored by the first device within a unit of time domain resources.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, The first information is sent periodically by the first device; or, the first information is sent non-periodically by the first device.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, The method further includes: A sixth message is sent, which is used to indicate a first resource configured by the first node. The first resource is periodic and is used by the first device to send the first message.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein, The method further includes: Send a seventh message, which instructs the first device to send the first message.

17. A communication method, performed by a first device, the method comprising: Send first information, which is used to indicate the measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, which are sent by the second node at multiple frequency points. The measurement results are used by the first node to determine one or more first frequency points from the multiple frequency points. The one or more first frequency points are used by the second node to send charging signals.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, The measurement results of the plurality of charging pilot signals include the charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals and / or one or more second frequency points, wherein the one or more second frequency points are determined by the charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals, the charging parameters are obtained by the first device measuring the plurality of charging pilot signals, and the one or more first frequency points are at least one of the one or more second frequency points.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, The method further includes: Receive the plurality of charging pilot signals; The multiple charging pilot signals are measured to obtain the charging parameters of each charging pilot signal.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The first device measures the plurality of charging pilot signals periodically; or, the first device measures the plurality of charging pilot signals aperiodically.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein, The method further includes: The eighth information is received, which is used to indicate the measurement period for the first device to measure the plurality of charging pilot signals.

22. The method according to claim 20, wherein, The first device uses different radio frequency modules to receive charging signals and downlink signals. The measurement of the plurality of charging pilot signals includes: Receive ninth information, the ninth information being used to instruct the measurement of the plurality of charging pilot signals on a first time domain resource; The plurality of charging pilot signals are measured on the first time domain resource.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein, The first device uses the same radio frequency module to receive charging signals and downlink signals. The measurement of the plurality of charging pilot signals includes: Monitor downlink transmissions; Receive tenth information, the tenth information being used to instruct the measurement of the plurality of charging pilot signals on a first time domain resource; The plurality of charging pilot signals are measured on the first time domain resource.

24. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 23, wherein, The multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted simultaneously on the same time domain resource; or, the multiple charging pilot signals are transmitted sequentially on different time domain resources.

25. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 24, wherein, The duration of each charging pilot signal is the first duration.

26. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 25, wherein, Each charging pilot signal is periodically transmitted by the second node; or, each charging pilot signal is non-periodically transmitted by the second node.

27. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 26, wherein, The plurality of charging pilot signals are transmitted by the second node on a first time domain resource, which is used by the first device to measure the plurality of charging pilot signals.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein, The method further includes: A fourth message is sent, which requests the measurement of multiple charging pilot signals.

29. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 28, wherein, In the plurality of charging pilot signals, the transmission power of each charging pilot signal is known to the first device.

30. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 29, wherein, The transmission power of the plurality of charging pilot signals is equal.

31. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 30, wherein, The charging parameters include at least one of the following: The first parameter indicates the received power of each charging pilot signal; The second parameter is used to indicate the energy harvesting efficiency; The third parameter is used to indicate the energy harvesting rate; Wherein, the energy receiving efficiency is the ratio between the energy stored by the first device within a unit of time domain resources and the energy received within a unit of time domain resources; the energy collection rate is the energy stored by the first device within a unit of time domain resources.

32. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 31, wherein, The first information is sent periodically by the first device; or, the first information is sent non-periodically by the first device.

33. The method according to claim 32, wherein, The sending of the first information includes: Receive a sixth message, the sixth message being used to indicate a first resource configured by the first node, the first resource being periodic; Based on the first resource, send the first information.

34. The method according to claim 33, wherein, The method further includes: Receive the seventh message, which instructs the first device to send the first message.

35. A communication method, executed by a second node, the method comprising: The fifth information is received, which is used to indicate the transmission of a charging signal on one or more first frequency points, the one or more first frequency points being determined by the first node from multiple frequency points based on the measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, the multiple charging pilot signals being transmitted by the second node on the multiple frequency points.

36. The method according to claim 35, wherein, The measurement results of the charging pilot signals include the charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals and / or one or more second frequency points, wherein the one or more second frequency points are determined based on the charging parameters of the plurality of charging pilot signals, the charging parameters being measured by a first device on the plurality of charging pilot signals, and the one or more first frequency points being at least one of the one or more second frequency points.

37. The method according to claim 35 or 36, wherein, The method further includes: A charging signal is transmitted at one or more first frequency points, the charging signal being used to provide energy to the first device.

38. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 37, wherein, The plurality of charging pilot signals are transmitted on the same time domain resource; or, the plurality of charging pilot signals are transmitted sequentially on different time domain resources.

39. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 38, wherein, The duration of each charging pilot signal is the first duration.

40. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 39, wherein, Each charging pilot signal is periodically transmitted by the second node; or, each charging pilot signal is non-periodically transmitted by the second node.

41. The method according to claim 40, wherein, The method further includes: Receive second information, which is used to indicate the transmission period of the charging pilot signal.

42. The method according to claim 40, wherein, The method further includes: Receive third information, which is used to instruct the second node to send the plurality of charging pilot signals.

43. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 42, wherein, In the plurality of charging pilot signals, the transmission power of each charging pilot signal is known to the first device.

44. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 43, wherein, The transmission power of the plurality of charging pilot signals is equal.

45. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 44, wherein, The plurality of charging pilot signals are transmitted by the second node on a first time domain resource, which is used by the first device to measure the plurality of charging pilot signals.

46. ​​The method according to any one of claims 35 to 45, wherein, The charging parameters include at least one of the following: The first parameter indicates the received power of each charging pilot signal; The second parameter is used to indicate the energy harvesting efficiency; The third parameter is used to indicate the energy harvesting rate; Wherein, the energy receiving efficiency is the ratio between the energy stored by the first device within a unit of time domain resources and the energy received within a unit of time domain resources; the energy collection rate is the energy stored by the first device within a unit of time domain resources.

47. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 46, wherein, The first information is sent periodically by the first device; or, the first information is sent non-periodically by the first device.

48. The method according to claim 47, wherein, The first information is sent by the first device on a first resource configured on the first node, and the first resource is periodic.

49. The method according to claim 47, wherein, The first information is sent by the first device based on the seventh information sent by the first node, and the seventh information is used to instruct the first device to send the first information.

50. A communication device, comprising: The transceiver module is configured to receive first information, which indicates the measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, which are transmitted by the second node at multiple frequency points. The processing module is configured to determine one or more first frequency points from the plurality of frequency points based on the charging measurement results, the one or more first frequency points being used by the second node to send a charging signal.

51. A communication device, comprising: The transceiver module is configured to send first information, which indicates the measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, which are transmitted by a second node at multiple frequency points; the measurement results are used by the first node to determine one or more first frequency points from the multiple frequency points, and the one or more first frequency points are used by the second node to send charging signals.

52. A communication device, comprising: The transceiver module is configured to receive fifth information, which is used to instruct the transmission of a charging signal on one or more first frequency points, the one or more first frequency points being determined by a first node from multiple frequency points based on measurement results of multiple charging pilot signals, the multiple charging pilot signals being transmitted by a second node on the multiple frequency points.

53. A communication device, comprising: One or more processors; The communication device is used to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 49.

54. A communication system, comprising a first node, a second node, and a first device; The first node is configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 16; the second node is configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of claims 35 to 49; and the first device is configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of claims 17 to 34.

55. A computer storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 49.

56. A computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 49.

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