Ophiopogon japonicus powder complete feed as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a dwarf lilyturf tuber grass meal complete feed and a preparation method and application thereof, the complete feed comprises dwarf lilyturf tuber grass meal, corn, wheat middling, wheat bran, rice bran, soybean oil, rapeseed dregs, soybean meal, alfalfa meal, soybean hulls, a mixture of rice chaff and husk and a growing rabbit premix, and the content range of each component is defined. The feed additive is applied to production of growing meat rabbits (especially 2-3 weeks before slaughtering), and can enhance disease resistance, reduce morbidity, death rate and health risk index, reduce feed consumption, greatly improve feed conversion rate and obviously improve economic benefit. The method is suitable for rabbit feed factories and large meat rabbit farms, and the application prospect is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of animal feed and livestock breeding technology, and in particular to a complete feed made from Ophiopogon japonicus powder, its preparation method and application, for raising meat rabbits, especially as a complete pelleted feed 2-3 weeks before slaughter, the feed being formulated based on Ophiopogon japonicus powder. Background Technology

[0002] Rabbits are small, monogastric, herbivorous mammals with unique digestive physiology that places specific demands on their feed, particularly regarding fiber content. my country has the world's largest rabbit population, but suffers from a shortage of high-quality forage resources. Currently, almost all rabbit farming in my country uses complete pelleted feed, and alfalfa meal accounts for 10-20% of commercial rabbit feed, serving as the primary source of fiber. It's clear that rabbit feed production requires a large amount of alfalfa meal. However, my country's alfalfa production is limited, demand is high, and prices are expensive, with approximately 30% imported. Therefore, developing and utilizing inexpensive forage resources that can replace alfalfa meal is crucial for the sustainable development of the rabbit industry.

[0003] Ophiopogon japonicus (L. f.) Ker-Gawl. is a perennial evergreen herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Ophiopogon in the family Liliaceae. It is mainly distributed in the Yangtze River basin, southwest and south my country, as well as parts of South and Southeast Asia. Traditionally, Ophiopogon japonicus is primarily cultivated as a medicinal herb, and secondarily as an ornamental plant in gardens. However, in the past two decades, with the booming development of the real estate industry and large-scale urban redevelopment, it has also been widely used as a landscaping plant in addition to its medicinal uses. Ophiopogon japonicus consists of leaves, stems, fibrous roots, and tubers, and also flowers and fruits. Its leaves are slender, resembling chive leaves; its stems are very short; its fibrous roots resemble those of wheat; and its tubers are spindle-shaped or oblong. The tubers are the medicinal part, commonly referred to as Ophiopogon japonicus. Fresh Ophiopogon japonicus (i.e., fresh tubers) accounts for about 15% of the plant, while the byproducts after harvesting (including above-ground stems, leaves, and underground fibrous roots), referred to in this invention as "fresh Ophiopogon japonicus grass," account for about 85% of the plant. Based on relevant data, it is estimated that my country's annual total production of fresh liriope muscari can reach over 500,000 tons, which can produce more than 70,000 tons of dried liriope muscari. Quantitatively, liriope muscari may be a potential unconventional feed resource that urgently needs to be developed.

[0004] Current research and development on Ophiopogon japonicus mainly focuses on its tuberous roots, including nutritional analysis, identification and analysis of active ingredients, evaluation of the efficacy of active ingredients, and development into pharmaceuticals, health products, functional foods, cosmetics, and feed additives. Traditionally, Ophiopogon japonicus is used medicinally with its dried tuberous roots, while the fibrous roots have long been discarded or directly fed to cattle and sheep. Since the 1980s, some research and development has been conducted on the fibrous roots, but the literature is limited, mainly focusing on the determination of some nutrients, the identification, analysis, and efficacy evaluation of some active ingredients, and their development into health products and functional foods. Literature on the stems and leaves of Ophiopogon japonicus is even scarcer, only involving the determination of some nutrients and evaluation of nutritional value, as well as the identification and analysis of some active ingredients; these have not yet been developed and utilized. In terms of nutrients, the types of nutrients in the tuberous roots, fibrous roots, and stems and leaves are basically similar, but the content varies considerably, with the content in the fibrous roots generally being higher than that in the tuberous roots. According to reports, the crude protein (CP) and insoluble dietary fiber content of the fibrous roots are 5.45% and 21.1%, respectively; the CP and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of Ophiopogon japonicus are 16.52% and 48.25%, respectively. Based on this data, the CP (13.75%) and NDF (41.46%) content of dried Ophiopogon japonicus are close to those of grade III alfalfa meal (CP 14-15%) (14.3% and 36.8%). Regarding active ingredients, more than 10 polysaccharides, more than 70 steroidal saponins, more than 30 isoflavones, more than 10 organic acids, volatile oils, and other active compounds have been isolated from the tubers. These components possess various pharmacological effects, including cardiovascular protection, immune regulation, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, and regulation of intestinal microbiota. Studies have shown that the types and contents of active ingredients in the tubers, fibrous roots, and stems and leaves are basically the same, and some typical active ingredients in the fibrous roots and stems and leaves are even higher than those in the tubers. Furthermore, toxicological evaluations indicate that the tuberous and fibrous roots are safe for consumption. Based on this, it is speculated that dried Ophiopogon japonicus may also be safe for use as animal feed. However, there is currently no systematic assessment in this regard.

[0005] Regarding intellectual property claims related to Ophiopogon japonicus, there are currently numerous achievements and patents concerning its tuberous roots, and over 600 patents related to feed additives. Since the development of Ophiopogon japonicus fibrous roots began in the 1980s, some results have been achieved, but no publicly disclosed achievements related to these roots, nor any publicly disclosed achievements related to Ophiopogon japonicus stems and leaves for feed and aquaculture. Furthermore, after the implementation of the "Guiding Opinions on Scientific Greening," it is expected that the proportion of Ophiopogon japonicus used for greening may gradually decrease, while the proportion used for feed and other purposes may increase significantly. However, there are currently no publicly disclosed achievements or patents regarding the use of dried Ophiopogon japonicus as a feed ingredient.

[0006] In conclusion, the complete pelleted feed based on Ophiopogon japonicus powder and its application in the breeding of growing meat rabbits is a completely new technology and application. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the problems existing in the background technology, this invention provides a complete feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder, its preparation method, and its application. Dry Ophiopogon japonicus is prepared using a gradient drying technology in a drying room, then pulverized to prepare Ophiopogon japonicus powder. The nutrient content and nutritional value of the Ophiopogon japonicus powder are determined. Complete pelleted feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder is formulated and prepared according to a specific feed formula to improve the health and production performance of growing rabbits and enhance the economic benefits of rabbit farming.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: A complete feed made from Ophiopogon japonicus grass powder comprises the following raw materials in weight percentage: 8% Ophiopogon japonicus grass powder, 18% corn, 2.5% wheat middlings, 18.5% wheat bran, 9% rice bran, 0.7% soybean oil, 5% rapeseed meal, 8% soybean meal, 8% alfalfa grass powder, 11% soybean hulls, 9.3% rice bran, and 2% rabbit premix; the Ophiopogon japonicus grass powder is made from the above-ground stems and leaves and underground fibrous roots of fresh Ophiopogon japonicus.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific steps for preparing the Ophiopogon japonicus powder are as follows: Step S1: After harvesting the medicinal Ophiopogon japonicus tubers, collect the remaining fresh Ophiopogon japonicus stems, leaves, and fibrous roots. Step S2: Place the above-ground stems and leaves and underground fibrous roots of fresh Ophiopogon japonicus in a drying room for two-stage gradient drying. In the first stage, hot air circulation at 55℃ is used to reduce the moisture content to 17.5%-18.5%. In the second stage, the moisture content is reduced to 7.2%-7.8% at a constant temperature of 40℃ to obtain dried Ophiopogon japonicus. Step S3: The dried Ophiopogon japonicus is pulverized using a hammer mill with a 2.5 mm diameter sieve to obtain Ophiopogon japonicus powder.

[0010] Currently, constant temperature drying is commonly used in the artificial drying of Chinese medicinal herbs. While this method is simple and easy to implement, it also has drawbacks. For example, if the temperature is too high, it can lead to a significant loss of the active ingredients in the herbs; conversely, if the temperature is too low, the drying time becomes excessively long. This invention employs a gradient temperature drying method, which offers superior drying efficiency and energy savings. Compared to air drying and constant temperature drying, this two-stage gradient drying method not only preserves the appearance of Ophiopogon japonicus but also maximizes the retention of its active ingredients, including total saponins and water-soluble extracts.

[0011] Furthermore, the growing rabbit premix comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: L-lysine hydrochloride (L-Lys≥78.8%) 2%, DL-methionine (DL-Met≥98.5%) 1%, L-threonine (L-Thr≥97.5%) 3%, calcium carbonate 31%, feed-grade sodium chloride 15%, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 0.5%, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.12%, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.126%, zinc sulfate monohydrate 0.507%, cobalt chloride premix (Co 1.24%) 0.121%, potassium iodide premix (I 3.26%) 0.061%, sodium selenite premix (Se 0.46%) 0.054%, betaine 6%, xylooligosaccharide 1.5%, mildew inhibitor 2.5%, antioxidant 2%, compound multivitamin 1.5%, and milled rice bran 33.011%.

[0012] Furthermore, the composite multidimensional contains the following raw materials by weight percentage: Vitamin A acetate (A ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶). 5 4% (IU / g), Vitamin D3 (D3≥5.0×10) 5 0.6% (IU / g), DL-α-tocopherol acetate (E≥500 IU / g) 10%, sodium menadione bisulfite (K3≥50%) 0.667%, thiamine hydrochloride (B187.8%-90.0%) 0.304%, riboflavin (96.0%-102.0%) 1.042%, pyridoxine hydrochloride (B680.7%-83.1%) 0.207%, cyanocobalamin (B 12 ≥96.0%) 0.003%, folic acid (95.0%-102.0%) 0.035%, nicotinamide (nicotinic acid ≥99.0%) 11.785%, D-calcium pantothenate (pantothenic acid 90.2%-92.9%) 2.956%, D-biotin (biotin ≥97.5%) 0.003%, choline chloride (choline ≥50%) 66.667%, and milled rice bran 1.731%.

[0013] Furthermore, the complete feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder is prepared into complete pellet feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder. The pellets of the prepared complete feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder have a length of 8-10 mm, a diameter of 3 mm, a hardness of 8-13 kg, and a durability of >98%.

[0014] This invention further discloses the application of the aforementioned complete feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder in growing meat rabbits, specifically including the following steps: Step A: After harvesting the medicinal tuberous roots of fresh Ophiopogon japonicus, collect the remaining above-ground stems, leaves, and underground fibrous roots of fresh Ophiopogon japonicus. Fresh Ophiopogon japonicus stems, leaves and roots were placed in a drying room for two-stage gradient drying. In the first stage, hot air circulation at 55℃ was used to reduce the moisture content to 17.5%-18.5%. In the second stage, the roots were dried at a constant temperature of 40℃ to reduce the moisture content to 7.2%-7.8%, thus obtaining dried Ophiopogon japonicus. Dried Ophiopogon japonicus was pulverized using a hammer mill with a 2.5 mm diameter screen to obtain Ophiopogon japonicus powder. Step B, Determine the main nutrient content of Ophiopogon japonicus powder: The nutrient content of Ophiopogon japonicus powder was analyzed and determined using the national standard method; Step C, evaluate the nutritional value of Ophiopogon japonicus powder for growing meat rabbits: It was determined in advance that growing meat rabbits have a good preference for dried Ophiopogon japonicus. An in vivo digestion test was conducted on growing meat rabbits using a direct feeding method combined with the total feces collection method. The apparent digestibility of Ophiopogon japonicus powder was determined, and the digestible nutrient content of Ophiopogon japonicus powder was obtained. Step D: Evaluate the effects of replacing alfalfa meal in complete pelleted feed with different proportions of liriope muscari meal when feeding growing meat rabbits; the specific steps are as follows: Step D1: Prepare a multivitamin complex for growing rabbits, including the following ingredients by weight percentage: Vitamin A acetate (A ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶). 5 4% (IU / g), Vitamin D3 (D3≥5.0×10) 5 0.6% (IU / g), DL-α-tocopherol acetate (E≥500 IU / g) 10%, sodium menadione bisulfite (K3≥50%) 0.667%, thiamine hydrochloride (B187.8%-90.0%) 0.304%, riboflavin (96.0%-102.0%) 1.042%, pyridoxine hydrochloride (B680.7%-83.1%) 0.207%, cyanocobalamin (B 12 ≥96.0%) 0.003%, folic acid (95.0%-102.0%) 0.035%, nicotinamide (nicotinic acid ≥99.0%) 11.785%, D-calcium pantothenate (pantothenic acid 90.2%-92.9%) 2.956%, D-biotin (biotin ≥97.5%) 0.003%, choline chloride (choline ≥50%) 66.667%, and milled rice bran 1.731%; Step D2: Prepare a premixed feed for growing rabbits according to their nutritional requirements, including the following ingredients by weight percentage: 1% ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 0.24% copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.252% manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1.014% zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.242% cobalt chloride premix (Co 1.24%), 0.123% potassium iodide premix (I 3.26%), 0.109% sodium selenite premix (Se 0.46%), 3% compound multivitamins, 25% calcium carbonate, and 69.02% milled rice bran. Step D3: Prepare five kinds of complete feeds with equal energy, nitrogen, and fiber content. The control feed contains 16% alfalfa meal by weight. The alfalfa meal in the control feed is replaced by four weight percentages of Ophiopogon japonicus meal: 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The feed is then made into pellets with a length of 8-10 mm, a diameter of 3 mm, a hardness of 8-13 kg, and a durability of >98%. Step D4: A 35-day feeding trial was conducted on 35-day-old weaned growing meat rabbits, including a 4-day digestion trial. Based on growth performance, health status, slaughter performance and meat quality, serum parameters, intestinal function parameters, and economic benefits, the feeding effects of the above five complete pelleted feeds were evaluated, and it was found that the optimal ratio of ophiopogon japonicus grass meal to alfalfa meal in the complete pelleted feed was 50%. The complete pelleted feed contains 8% by weight of each of the following components: Ophiopogon japonicus meal and alfalfa meal. The corresponding complete pelleted feed formula, by weight percentage, is as follows: Ophiopogon japonicus meal 8%, corn 18.47%, wheat middlings 2.1%, wheat bran 18.47%, rice bran 9.22%, soybean oil 0.64%, rapeseed meal 5%, soybean meal 7.83%, alfalfa meal 8%, soybean hulls 11%, rice bran 9.23%, calcium carbonate 0.62%, feed-grade sodium chloride 0.3%, L-lysine hydrochloride (L-Lys≥78.8%) 0.04%, DL-methionine (DL-Met≥98.5%) 0.02%, L-threonine (L-Thr≥97.5%) 0.06%, and growing rabbit premix 1%. Step E: Optimize the complete pelleted feed formula. Based on the feeding effect evaluation in Step D, optimize the feed formula. The specific methods and steps are as follows. Step E1: Prepare the composite multidimensional compound according to step D1 described above; Step E2: Prepare a growing rabbit premix suitable for large-scale application, comprising the following ingredients by weight percentage: L-lysine hydrochloride (L-Lys≥78.8%) 2%, DL-methionine (DL-Met≥98.5%) 1%, L-threonine (L-Thr≥97.5%) 3%, calcium carbonate 31%, feed-grade sodium chloride 15%, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 0.5%, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.12%, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.126%, zinc sulfate monohydrate 0.507%, cobalt chloride premix (Co 1.24%) 0.121%, potassium iodide premix (I 3.26%) 0.061%, sodium selenite premix (Se 0.46%) 0.054%, betaine 6%, xylooligosaccharide 1.5%, mildew inhibitor 2.5%, antioxidant 2%, compound multivitamin 1.5%, and ball mill bran 33.011%. Step E3: Prepare a complete pelleted feed of Ophiopogon japonicus grass powder suitable for commercial-scale application in growing rabbits. The raw materials by weight percentage are: Ophiopogon japonicus grass powder 8%, corn 18%, wheat middlings 2.5%, wheat bran 18.5%, rice bran 9%, soybean oil 0.7%, rapeseed meal 5%, soybean meal 8%, alfalfa meal 8%, soybean hulls 11%, rice bran 9.3%, and growing rabbit premix 2%. It is then processed into pelleted feed, with pellets having a length of 8-10 mm, a diameter of 3 mm, a hardness of 8-13 kg, and a durability of >98%.

[0015] Furthermore, the optimized Ophiopogon japonicus powder complete pelleted feed is applied to meat rabbits during their growth period, especially in the later stages of growth, i.e., 2-3 weeks before slaughter.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in: The Ophiopogon japonicus used in this invention is derived from a byproduct of commercially cultivated Chinese medicinal herbs, namely the remaining above-ground stems, leaves, and underground fibrous roots after harvesting fresh Ophiopogon japonicus. This resource is relatively abundant and inexpensive. The above-ground stems, leaves, and underground fibrous roots of fresh Ophiopogon japonicus are prepared using a two-stage gradient drying method, which can maintain the appearance of Ophiopogon japonicus while maximizing the retention of the content of the effective components, total saponins and water-soluble extracts.

[0017] Compared with traditional pelleted feed for growing rabbits, the complete feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder of this invention can reduce the feed consumption of growing rabbits, lower the feed conversion rate, save breeding costs, and improve the economic benefits of rabbit farms.

[0018] Complete pelleted feed containing Ophiopogon japonicus powder can enhance the disease resistance of growing rabbits and effectively reduce their morbidity, mortality and health risk index.

[0019] Using Ophiopogon japonicus powder as a feed ingredient makes full use of a by-product of the pharmaceutical industry, which can greatly reduce feed costs, improve the economic benefits of rabbit feed mills and rabbit farms, and is in line with the national industrial development direction. It has a very broad application prospect in the animal husbandry field. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The feed ingredients used in the embodiments of this invention all comply with national feed industry standards.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that unless specific conditions are specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall apply. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products.

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] Example 1 Collection of Ophiopogon japonicus and preparation of Ophiopogon japonicus powder: The specific steps for preparing Ophiopogon japonicus powder are as follows: Step S1: After harvesting the medicinal Ophiopogon japonicus tubers, collect the remaining fresh Ophiopogon japonicus stems, leaves, and fibrous roots. Step S2: Place the above-ground stems and leaves and underground fibrous roots of fresh Ophiopogon japonicus in a drying room for two-stage gradient drying. In the first stage, hot air circulation at 55℃ is used to reduce the moisture content to 17.5%-18.5%. In the second stage, the moisture content is reduced to 7.2%-7.8% at a constant temperature of 40℃ to obtain dried Ophiopogon japonicus. Step S3: The dried Ophiopogon japonicus is pulverized using a hammer mill with a 2.5 mm diameter sieve to obtain Ophiopogon japonicus powder.

[0024] The pulverized Ophiopogon japonicus powder has the following particle sizes: >1.5 mm accounts for about 15%, 1.0 mm < <1.5 mm accounts for about 20%, 0.5 mm < <1.0 mm accounts for about 40%, and <0.5 mm accounts for about 25%.

[0025] Example 2 Nutritional value determination of Ophiopogon japonicus powder for growing meat rabbits: This embodiment measures the main and digestible nutrient content parameters of Ophiopogon japonicus powder, including the following steps: 1. Analysis of the chemical composition of Ophiopogon japonicus powder: Ophiopogon japonicus powder was pulverized through a 40-mesh sieve, and four samples were collected according to national standard methods. The chemical composition content was measured according to national standard methods. The results (Table 1) show that the nutritional composition of Ophiopogon japonicus powder is reasonable and rich in various amino acids, especially lysine, methionine, and threonine, which are much higher than those of grade III alfalfa powder (CP 14-15%), showing potential as a raw material for meat rabbit feed.

[0026] Table 1. Main nutrients and amino acid content of Ophiopogon japonicus powder (based on 90% DM, %)

[0027] 2. Determination of nutrient digestibility of Ophiopogon japonicus powder in growing rabbits: Based on the confirmed palatability of dried Ophiopogon japonicus to growing rabbits, Ophiopogon japonicus powder was processed into granules (8-10 mm long and 3 mm in diameter) using conventional methods. Subsequently, 15 healthy 35-day-old weaned New Zealand White rabbits with similar genetic backgrounds and initial weights (949.20 ± 1.64 g) were selected and individually housed in metabolic cages with separate feces and urine. They were allowed free access to Ophiopogon japonicus powder granules and water for a 14-day digestion experiment (7-day acclimatization period, with all feces collected for 4 consecutive days). Feces were processed, dried, and stored using conventional methods. The pulverized feces and Ophiopogon japonicus powder granules were sieved through a 40-mesh sieve. The chemical composition content of each was measured using the above method. Nutrient digestibility was calculated using the differential method, and then the digestible nutrient content was calculated. The results (Table 2) show that the nutritional value of Ophiopogon japonicus meal is relatively high. In particular, its energy, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and amino acid digestibility are comparable to or even higher than those of grade III alfalfa meal (CP 14-15%), and it may be used as a feed ingredient to provide a certain amount of effective nutrients for meat rabbits.

[0028] Table 2. Nutrient digestibility (%) and digestible nutrient content (based on 90% dry matter) of Ophiopogon japonicus powder for growing meat rabbits

[0029] Example 3 Evaluation of the feeding value and effectiveness of Ophiopogon japonicus grass powder for growing meat rabbits: This embodiment provides a method for feeding growing meat rabbits with complete pelleted feed made from Ophiopogon japonicus powder, including the following steps: 1. Experimental Design: A single-factor experimental design was adopted, with 5 treatments (dietary diets) and 72 replicates (rabbits) for each treatment, for a feeding trial lasting 35 days. The aim was to determine the appropriate proportion of alfalfa meal in the conventional complete pelleted feed for growing meat rabbits, replacing ophiopogon japonicus meal.

[0030] 2. Specific operation methods: (1) Experimental diets: Based on the results of Example 2, and referring to the nutritional requirements of growing meat rabbits recommended in Nutrition of the Rabbit, 3rd Edition (2020), five isoenergetic, isonitrogenous, and isoflavone diets were formulated, namely, diets with aliphatic ophiopogon hay meal replacing 0% (control), 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of alfalfa hay meal (as shown in Table 3 below). All diets were pelleted using conventional pelleting technology, with a length of 8-10 mm, a diameter of 3 mm, a hardness of 8-13 kg, and a durability of >98%.

[0031] Table 3. Composition and nutritional levels of the experimental diets (90% DM, %)

[0032] Note: 1) The premix consists of a trace mineral element premix and a compound multivitamin, accounting for 97% and 3% respectively. The premix provides per kilogram of diet: Fe 30 mg, Cu 6 mg, Zn 35 mg, Mn 8 mg, Co 0.3 mg, I 0.4 mg, Se 0.05 mg; V A 6000 IU, V D3 900 IU, V E 15 IU, V K3 1 mg, V B1 0.8 mg, V B2 3 mg, V B6 0.5 mg, V B12 9 μg, folic acid 0.1 mg, niacin 35 mg, pantothenic acid 8 mg, biotin 10 μg, choline 100 mg.

[0033] The trace mineral element premix comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: ferrous sulfate monohydrate 1%, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.24%, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.252%, zinc sulfate monohydrate 1.014%, cobalt chloride premix (Co 1.24%) 0.242%, potassium iodide premix (I 3.26%) 0.123%, sodium selenite premix (Se 0.46%) 0.109%, compound multivitamins 3%, calcium carbonate 25%, and ball milling bran 69.02%. The compound multivitamins include the following raw materials by weight percentage: vitamin A acetate (A ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶). 5 4% (IU / g), Vitamin D3 (D3≥5.0×10) 5 0.6% (IU / g), 10% (DL-α-tocopherol acetate (E≥500 IU / g), 0.667% (K3≥50%), 0.304% (B1 87.8%-90.0%), 1.042% (Riboflavin (96.0%-102.0%), 0.304% (B6) 80.7%-83.1%) 0.207%, Cyanocobalamin (B12≥96.0%) 0.003%, Folic Acid (95.0%-102.0%) 0.035%, Nicotinamide (Nicotinic Acid≥99.0%) 11.785%, D-Calcium Pantothenate (Pantothenic Acid 90.2%-92.9%) 2.956%, D-Biotin (Biotin≥97.5%) 0.003%, Choline Chloride (Choline≥50%) 66.667%, Ball Milling Bran 1.731%.

[0034] 2) Calculated value.

[0035] (2) Experimental animals: 360 healthy New Zealand white rabbits aged 35 days and weaned with similar genetic backgrounds and initial weights (895.90±80.69 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups of 72 animals each. The animals were housed individually in metal cages equipped with automatic drinking water devices, and each group of animals was randomly fed one of the 5 diets mentioned above.

[0036] (3) Feeding and management: Animals are fed twice a day (08:00 and 18:00) and have free access to food and water. The pens are naturally lit and ventilated, with a temperature of 26.02±1.73℃ and a relative humidity of 72.42±9.35%. The pens are cleaned at 10:00 a.m. every day.

[0037] (4) Measurement indicators: Production performance and health status: Feed intake, uneaten feed, and feed loss were measured weekly in replicates for each group to calculate the average daily feed intake (ADFI). On the mornings of days 57 and 71, each animal was weighed on an empty stomach to calculate the average daily weight gain (ADG). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated based on feed intake and weight gain. Animal health status was checked three times daily (morning, afternoon, and evening), and the number of sick and dead animals was recorded. Morbidity, mortality, and health risk indices were calculated.

[0038] Apparent nutrient digestibility: During days 15-18 of the feeding trial (i.e., days 50-53 of age), feces were collected from 10 animals in each group that were close to the average body weight of the group for four consecutive days, and the digestibility test was conducted using the acid-insoluble ash method. The collection of feed and fecal samples and the determination of nutrient content were performed in accordance with national standards. Apparent nutrient digestibility was calculated using conventional methods.

[0039] Serum parameters: On day 36 of the feeding experiment (i.e., day 71 of age), after fasting weighing, blood was collected from the hearts of 6 animals in each group whose weight was close to the average weight of the group, and serum was prepared. Serum biochemical indicators were measured, namely total protein (TP), globulin (GLB), albumin (ALB), blood glucose (GLU), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) levels, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities; serum immune indicators, namely immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (INF-γ); serum redox indicators, namely malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity.

[0040] Organ index, slaughter performance and meat quality: After blood collection, animals were euthanized by electric shock (50 V pulsed DC, 60 Hz, lasting 5 s) and dislocated, and then dissected. Organs such as heart, lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys, vermiform process and round sac were separated, weighed and recorded, and organ index was calculated. The eviscerated weight and commercial carcass weight were weighed, and the eviscerated dressing percentage and commercial dressing percentage were calculated respectively. The longissimus dorsi muscle of the right back was harvested and drip loss was measured. The muscle pH and meat color of the middle section of the biceps femoris muscle of the left hind leg were measured.

[0041] Gut health parameters: After animal slaughter, the jejunum, ileum, and cecum were separated, and tissue, mucosal, and chyme samples were collected. Gut enzyme activities were measured, including amylase, trypsin, cellulase, and pectinase activities in the jejunal and cecal chyme; gut immune indicators were measured, including the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and INF-γ in the jejunal and ileal mucosa; and cecal internal environmental parameters were measured, including cecal chyme pH, volatile fatty acid concentration, and ammonia nitrogen concentration.

[0042] Economic benefits: Economic benefits (%) = (Total weight gain × unit price of live weight - Total feed intake × unit price of feed) / (Total feed cost) × 100.

[0043] 3. Test Results: (1) Growth performance and health status: As shown in Table 4, although the ADFI and ADG of the replacement groups at each stage and the FCR in the early growth stage (35-56d) were lower than those of the control group, the FCR in the late growth stage (57-70d) was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference in FCR among the groups throughout the entire period (35-70d) (P>0.05). In addition, the FCR of the low replacement groups (25% and 50%) tended to be lower than that of the other groups. As shown in Table 5, the health risk index of the replacement groups in the early growth stage (35-56d) and throughout the entire period (35-70d) was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01).

[0044] Table 4. Effects of Ophiopogon japonicus meal diet on growth performance of growing meat rabbits

[0045] Note: No letter or the same letter in the superscript of the same row indicates no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (0.01 ≤ P < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate extremely significant difference (P < 0.01). The same applies to the following table.

[0046] Table 5. Effects of Ophiopogon japonicus meal diet on the health status of growing meat rabbits.

[0047] Note: Morbidity rate (%) = Number of animals that become ill in each stage / Number of animals at the start of each stage × 100. Mortality rate (%) = Number of animals that die in each stage / Number of animals at the start of each stage × 100. Health risk index (%) = (Number of animals that become ill in each stage + Number of animals that die in each stage) / Number of animals at the start of each stage × 100; Animals that die after becoming ill are only counted once. The same applies to the following table.

[0048] (2) Serum parameters: As shown in Table 6, there were significant differences in GLU concentration among the groups (P = 0.01), and the concentration decreased linearly with the increase of the substitution ratio of Ophiopogon japonicus powder (P < 0.01). The 100% substitution group had significantly lower concentrations than the other groups (P < 0.05). The AST activity in each substitution group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.01), while there were no significant differences among the substitution groups (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in IL-6 concentration among the groups (P = 0.01), and the IL-6 concentration in the substitution group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), while there were no significant differences among the substitution groups (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the remaining serum parameters among the groups (P > 0.05).

[0049] Table 6. Effects of Ophiopogon japonicus meal diet on serum parameters of growing meat rabbits

[0050] (3) Organ index, slaughter performance and meat quality: As shown in Table 7, there were significant differences in kidney (P=0.03) and cystic lenticule (P<0.01) indices among the groups. The kidney index (P<0.05) of the high substitution group (75% and 100%) and the cystic lenticule index (P<0.01) of the 100% substitution group were significantly higher than those of the other groups. Although there were no significant differences in slaughter performance and meat quality parameters among the groups (P>0.05), the meat pH value 45 minutes after slaughter showed a significant linear decrease (P<0.01) and the meat b value showed a linear increase trend (P=0.08) as the substitution ratio increased.

[0051] Table 7. Effects of Ophiopogon japonicus meal diets on organ index, slaughter performance, and meat quality in growing meat rabbits.

[0052] (4) Apparent nutrient digestibility: As shown in Table 8, except for the significant difference in CF digestibility among groups (P = 0.03), there were no significant differences in the digestibility of other nutrients among groups (P > 0.05). CF digestibility showed a linear increasing trend with increasing substitution ratio (P = 0.06), and the high substitution groups (75% and 100%) were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, CP (P = 0.04) and ash (P = 0.01) digestibility showed a significant linear decrease with increasing substitution ratio.

[0053] Table 8 Apparent nutrient digestibility of ophiopogon japonicus grass meal diet for growing meat rabbits

[0054] (5) Intestinal enzyme activity: As shown in Table 9, there was a significant difference in trypsin activity in jejunal chyme among the groups (P = 0.04), and the 50% substitution group was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05).

[0055] Table 9. Effects of Ophiopogon japonicus meal diet on intestinal enzyme activity in growing rabbits.

[0056] Note: Cellulase and pectinase are measured in U / g, while amylase and trypsin are measured in U / mg prot.

[0057] (6) Cecal fermentation parameters: As shown in Table 10, there were no significant differences among the groups in cecal pH, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total volatile fatty acid concentration and the proportion of each volatile fatty acid (P>0.05).

[0058] Table 10 Effects of Ophiopogon japonicus meal diet on cecal fermentation parameters in growing meat rabbits

[0059] (7) Intestinal immune function: As shown in Table 11, there were extremely significant differences in the concentrations of sIgA and IL-10 in the ileal mucosa among the groups (P < 0.01), with the substitution group showing significantly higher concentrations than the control group (P < 0.01), especially the 75% substitution group. There were also differences in the concentrations of IgA in the jejunal and ileal mucosa among the groups (P = 0.07). The concentrations of jejunal IgA (P = 0.02), ileal IgG (P = 0.04), and TNF-α (P = 0.02) increased linearly with the increase in the substitution ratio of Ophiopogon japonicus powder.

[0060] Table 11 Effects of Ophiopogon japonicus meal diet on intestinal immune function of growing meat rabbits

[0061] (8) Economic benefits: As shown in Table 12, although the weight gain of the replacement group was lower than that of the control group, its feed cost was also lower than that of the control group, resulting in higher economic benefits than the control group, with the 50% replacement group having the highest economic benefits.

[0062] Table 12. Economic benefits of feeding growing meat rabbits with Ophiopogon japonicus grass meal diet.

[0063] Note: The price of Ophiopogon japonicus meal is 80% of that of alfalfa meal. Economic benefit (%) = (Total weight gain × unit price of live weight - Total feed intake × unit price of feed) / (Total feed cost) × 100. The unit price of Ophiopogon japonicus meal is calculated based on the unit price of alfalfa meal, the unit price of daily feed is calculated based on the average market price of raw materials, and the market price of meat rabbits is calculated based on data from the National Rabbit Industry Big Data Platform. The same applies to Table 13 below.

[0064] In conclusion, compared with the control diet (containing 16% alfalfa meal), the 50% replacement diet (containing 8% each of liriope and alfalfa meal) group had lower weight gain and feed intake, but improved feed conversion ratio (especially in the later stages of growth, i.e., 2-3 weeks before slaughter) and health status, and also improved economic benefits.

[0065] Example 4 Comparison of the effects of optimized Ophiopogon japonicus powder feed and commercial rabbit feed: This embodiment provides a complete pelleted feed of Ophiopogon japonicus grass powder that can be used for the commercial production of meat rabbits, including the following steps: 1. Experimental Design: A completely randomized design was adopted, with two treatments (daily diet or complete pelleted feed), each with 20 replicates, for a 35-day feeding trial. The aim was to compare the effects of the optimized Ophiopogon japonicus powder complete pelleted feed with commercial rabbit feed, and to further verify the feasibility of using Ophiopogon japonicus powder complete pelleted feed for the commercial production of growing meat rabbits.

[0066] 2. Specific operation methods: (1) Experimental Diets: Based on the results of Example 3 and the previous research findings of our team, the feed formulation of the 50% replacement group in Example 3 was optimized, and a diet was formulated with reference to the nutritional requirements of growing meat rabbits recommended in Nutrition of the Rabbit, 3rd Edition (2020) (Table 13). The diet was made into pellets using conventional pelleting technology, with a length of 8-10 mm, a diameter of 3 mm, a hardness of 8-13 kg, and a durability of >98%. The commercial rabbit feed was a commercially available feed product.

[0067] Table 13. Composition and nutritional levels of the experimental diets (90% DM, %)

[0068] Note: 1) The premix consists of a trace mineral premix (containing other functional feed additives) and a compound multivitamin, accounting for 98.5% and 1.5% respectively. The premix provides per kilogram of diet: L-Lys 320 mg, DL-met 300 mg, L-Thr 600 mg; Ca 2.5 g, Fe 30 mg, Cu 6 mg, Zn 35 mg, Mn 8 mg, Co 0.3 mg, I 0.4 mg, Se 0.05 mg; V A 6000 IU, V D3 900 IU, V E 15 IU, V K3 1 mg, V B1 0.8 mg, V B2 3 mg, V B60.5 mg, V B12 9 μg, folic acid 0.1 mg, niacin 35 mg, pantothenic acid 8 mg, biotin 10 μg, choline 100 mg, betaine 1200 mg, xylooligosaccharide 300 mg, antifungal agent 500 mg, antioxidant 400 mg.

[0069] The trace mineral element premix (including other functional feed additives) comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: L-lysine hydrochloride (L-Lys≥78.8%) 2%, DL-methionine (DL-Met≥98.5%) 1%, L-threonine (L-Thr≥97.5%) 3%, calcium carbonate 31%, feed-grade sodium chloride 15%, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 0.5%, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.12%, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.126%, zinc sulfate monohydrate 0.507%, cobalt chloride premix (Co 1.24%) 0.121%, potassium iodide premix (I 3.26%) 0.061%, and sodium selenite premix (Se 1.24%). 0.46%), 0.054%, betaine 6%, xylooligosaccharide 1.5%, antifungal agent 2.5%, antioxidant 2%, multivitamin complex 1.5%, and milled rice bran 33.011%. The multivitamin complex includes the following raw materials by weight percentage: Vitamin A acetate (A ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶). 5 4% (IU / g), Vitamin D3 (D3≥5.0×10) 5 0.6% (IU / g), DL-α-tocopherol acetate (E≥500 IU / g) 10%, sodium menadione bisulfite (K3≥50%) 0.667%, thiamine hydrochloride (B187.8%-90.0%) 0.304%, riboflavin (96.0%-102.0%) 1.042%, pyridoxine hydrochloride (B680.7%-83.1%) 0.207%, cyanocobalamin (B 12 ≥96.0%) 0.003%, folic acid (95.0%-102.0%) 0.035%, nicotinamide (nicotinic acid ≥99.0%) 11.785%, D-calcium pantothenate (pantothenic acid 90.2%-92.9%) 2.956%, D-biotin (biotin ≥97.5%) 0.003%, choline chloride (choline ≥50%) 66.667%, and milled rice bran 1.731%.

[0070] 2) Calculated value.

[0071] (2) Experimental animals: 320 healthy New Zealand White rabbits (half male and half female) aged 35 days after weaning with similar genetic background and initial weight (895.90±80.69 g) were randomly divided into 2 groups, with 20 replicates in each group and 8 rabbits in each replicate (4 cages, 2 rabbits / cage). The animals were housed individually in metal cages equipped with automatic drinking devices, and each group of animals was randomly fed one of the two diets mentioned above.

[0072] (3) Feeding and management: The animals are fed twice a day (at 08:00 and 18:00) and have free access to food and water. The pens are naturally lit and ventilated, with a temperature of 26.45±1.82℃ and a relative humidity of 71.36±8.94%. The pens are cleaned at 10:00 a.m. every day.

[0073] (4) Measurement indicators: Production performance and health status: Except for weighing by cage, the rest is the same as in Example 3.

[0074] Economic benefits: Same as in Example 3.

[0075] (1) Growth performance and health status: As shown in Table 14, the ADG of the two feed groups were comparable at each stage of the experiment (P>0.05), but the ADFI and FCR of the Ophiopogon japonicus powder feed group were significantly (P<0.05) or extremely significantly (P<0.01) lower than those of the commercial feed group. As shown in Table 15, there was no significant difference in the health status of the two feed groups at each stage of the experiment (P>0.05), but the numerical values ​​of the Ophiopogon japonicus powder feed group were better in all aspects.

[0076] Table 14 Effects of Two Diets on Growth Performance of Growing Meat Rabbits

[0077] Table 15 Effects of Two Diets on the Health Status of Growing Meat Rabbits

[0078] (2) Economic benefits: As shown in Table 16, the weight gain of the two groups was similar, but the price of commercial feed was higher and the consumption was greater, resulting in its economic benefits being significantly lower than those of Ophiopogon japonicus powder feed.

[0079] Table 16 Economic benefits of feeding two different diets to growing meat rabbits

[0080] In conclusion, compared with commercial rabbit feed, the optimized formula of Ophiopogon japonicus powder complete pelleted feed not only has no negative impact on the weight gain of growing meat rabbits, but also improves their health status to a certain extent, significantly reduces feed consumption, lowers feed conversion rate and improves economic benefits, especially in the later stages of growth (i.e., 2-3 weeks before slaughter).

[0081] This invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments; however, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications and variations can be made to this invention without departing from its scope. The scope of protection of this invention should be determined by the appended claims. This invention possesses unique innovative points and inventiveness, and is significantly different from the prior art. This invention utilizes the remaining above-ground stems, leaves, and underground fibrous roots of freshly harvested Ophiopogon japonicus, aiming to provide a new and highly valuable technical solution for the fields of animal feed and livestock breeding technology, particularly in the fields of producing complete pelleted feed for meat rabbits and meat rabbit farming technology.

Claims

1. A complete feed made from Ophiopogon japonicus powder, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following weight percentages: 8% Ophiopogon japonicus powder, 18% corn, 2.5% wheat middlings, 18.5% wheat bran, 9% rice bran, 0.7% soybean oil, 5% rapeseed meal, 8% soybean meal, 8% alfalfa powder, 11% soybean hulls, 9.3% rice bran, and 2% rabbit premix; the Ophiopogon japonicus powder is made from the above-ground stems and leaves and underground fibrous roots of fresh Ophiopogon japonicus.

2. The complete feed made from Ophiopogon japonicus powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for preparing Ophiopogon japonicus powder are as follows: Step S1: After harvesting the medicinal Ophiopogon japonicus tubers, collect the remaining above-ground stems, leaves, and underground fibrous roots of the fresh Ophiopogon japonicus. Step S2: Place the above-ground stems and leaves and underground fibrous roots of fresh Ophiopogon japonicus in a drying room for two-stage gradient drying. In the first stage, hot air circulation at 55℃ is used to reduce the moisture content to 17.5%-18.5%. In the second stage, the moisture content is reduced to 7.2%-7.8% at a constant temperature of 40℃ to obtain dried Ophiopogon japonicus. Step S3: The dried Ophiopogon japonicus is pulverized using a hammer mill with a 2.5 mm diameter sieve to obtain Ophiopogon japonicus powder.

3. The complete feed containing Ophiopogon japonicus powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rabbit premix comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: L-lysine hydrochloride (L-Lys≥78.8%) 2%, DL-methionine (DL-Met≥98.5%) 1%, L-threonine (L-Thr≥97.5%) 3%, calcium carbonate 31%, feed-grade sodium chloride 15%, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 0.5%, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.12%, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.126%, zinc sulfate monohydrate 0.507%, cobalt chloride premix (Co 1.24%) 0.121%, potassium iodide premix (I 3.26%) 0.061%, sodium selenite premix (Se 0.46%) 0.054%, betaine 6%, xylooligosaccharide 1.5%, mildew inhibitor 2.5%, antioxidant 2%, compound multivitamin 1.5%, and milled rice bran 33.011%.

4. The complete feed made from Ophiopogon japonicus powder according to claim 3, characterized in that, The composite multivitamin comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: Vitamin A acetate (A ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶). 5 4% (IU / g), Vitamin D3 (D3≥5.0×10) 5 0.6% (IU / g), DL-α-tocopherol acetate (E≥500 IU / g) 10%, sodium menadione bisulfite (K3≥50%) 0.667%, thiamine hydrochloride (B1 87.8%-90.0%) 0.304%, riboflavin (96.0%-102.0%) 1.042%, pyridoxine hydrochloride (B6 80.7%-83.1%) 0.207%, cyanocobalamin (B 12 ≥96.0%) 0.003%, folic acid (95.0%-102.0%) 0.035%, nicotinamide (nicotinic acid ≥99.0%) 11.785%, D-calcium pantothenate (pantothenic acid 90.2%-92.9%) 2.956%, D-biotin (biotin ≥97.5%) 0.003%, choline chloride (choline ≥50%) 66.667%, and milled rice bran 1.731%.

5. The complete feed made from Ophiopogon japonicus powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The complete feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder is prepared into complete pellet feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder. The pellets of the prepared complete feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder have a length of 8-10 mm, a diameter of 3 mm, a hardness of 8-13 kg, and a durability of >98%.

6. The application of the complete feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder according to any one of claims 1-5 in growing meat rabbits.

7. The application of the complete feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder according to claim 6 in growing meat rabbits, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: Step A: After harvesting the medicinal tuberous roots of fresh Ophiopogon japonicus, collect the remaining above-ground stems, leaves, and underground fibrous roots of fresh Ophiopogon japonicus. Fresh Ophiopogon japonicus stems, leaves and roots were placed in a drying room for two-stage gradient drying. In the first stage, hot air circulation at 55℃ was used to reduce the moisture content to 17.5%-18.5%. In the second stage, the roots were dried at a constant temperature of 40℃ to reduce the moisture content to 7.2%-7.8%, thus obtaining dried Ophiopogon japonicus. Dried Ophiopogon japonicus was pulverized using a hammer mill with a 2.5 mm diameter screen to obtain Ophiopogon japonicus powder. Step B, Determine the main nutrient content of Ophiopogon japonicus powder: The nutrient content of Ophiopogon japonicus powder was analyzed and determined using the national standard method; Step C, evaluate the nutritional value of Ophiopogon japonicus powder for growing meat rabbits: It was determined in advance that growing meat rabbits have a good preference for dried Ophiopogon japonicus. An in vivo digestion test was conducted on growing meat rabbits using the direct feeding method combined with the total feces collection method. The apparent digestibility of Ophiopogon japonicus powder was analyzed and determined to obtain the digestible nutrient content of Ophiopogon japonicus powder. Step D: Evaluate the effects of replacing alfalfa meal in complete pelleted feed with different proportions of liriope grass meal when feeding growing meat rabbits. The specific steps are as follows: Step D1: Prepare a multivitamin complex for growing rabbits, including the following ingredients by weight percentage: Vitamin A acetate (A ≥ 5.0 × 10⁻⁶). 5 4% (IU / g), Vitamin D3 (D3≥5.0×10) 5 0.6% (IU / g), DL-α-tocopherol acetate (E≥500 IU / g) 10%, sodium menadione bisulfite (K3≥50%) 0.667%, thiamine hydrochloride (B1 87.8%-90.0%) 0.304%, riboflavin (96.0%-102.0%) 1.042%, pyridoxine hydrochloride (B6 80.7%-83.1%) 0.207%, cyanocobalamin (B... 12 ≥96.0%) 0.003%, folic acid (95.0%-102.0%) 0.035%, nicotinamide (nicotinic acid ≥99.0%) 11.785%, D-calcium pantothenate (pantothenic acid 90.2%-92.9%) 2.956%, D-biotin (biotin ≥97.5%) 0.003%, choline chloride (choline ≥50%) 66.667%, and milled rice bran 1.731%; Step D2: Prepare a premixed feed for growing rabbits according to the nutritional requirements of growing meat rabbits, including the following raw materials by weight percentage: 1% ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 0.24% copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.252% manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1.014% zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.242% cobalt chloride premix (Co 1.24%), 0.123% potassium iodide premix (I 3.26%), 0.109% sodium selenite premix (Se 0.46%), 3% compound multivitamins, 25% calcium carbonate, and 69.02% milled rice bran; Step D3: Prepare five kinds of complete feeds with equal energy, nitrogen, and fiber content. The control feed contains 16% alfalfa meal by weight. The alfalfa meal in the control feed is replaced by four weight percentages of Ophiopogon japonicus meal: 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The feed is then made into pellets with a length of 8-10 mm, a diameter of 3 mm, a hardness of 8-13 kg, and a durability of >98%. Step D4: A 35-day feeding trial was conducted on 35-day-old weaned growing meat rabbits, including a 4-day digestion trial. Based on growth performance, health status, slaughter performance, meat quality, serum parameters, intestinal function parameters, and economic benefit parameters, the feeding effects of the above five complete pelleted feeds were evaluated, and it was determined that the optimal ratio of ophiopogon japonicus grass meal to alfalfa meal in the complete pelleted feed was 50%. The complete pelleted feed contains 8% by weight of each of the following components: Ophiopogon japonicus meal and alfalfa meal. The corresponding complete pelleted feed formula, by weight percentage, is as follows: Ophiopogon japonicus meal 8%, corn 18.47%, wheat middlings 2.1%, wheat bran 18.47%, rice bran 9.22%, soybean oil 0.64%, rapeseed meal 5%, soybean meal 7.83%, alfalfa meal 8%, soybean hulls 11%, rice bran 9.23%, calcium carbonate 0.62%, feed-grade sodium chloride 0.3%, L-lysine hydrochloride (L-Lys≥78.8%) 0.04%, DL-methionine (DL-Met≥98.5%) 0.02%, L-threonine (L-Thr≥97.5%) 0.06%, and growing rabbit premix 1%. Step E: Optimize the complete pelleted feed formula. Based on the feeding effect evaluation in Step D, optimize the feed formula. The specific methods and steps are as follows: Step E1: Prepare the composite multidimensional compound according to step D1 described above; Step E2: Prepare a growing rabbit premix suitable for large-scale application, comprising the following ingredients by weight percentage: L-lysine hydrochloride (L-Lys≥78.8%) 2%, DL-methionine (DL-Met≥98.5%) 1%, L-threonine (L-Thr≥97.5%) 3%, calcium carbonate 31%, feed-grade sodium chloride 15%, ferrous sulfate monohydrate 0.5%, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.12%, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.126%, zinc sulfate monohydrate 0.507%, cobalt chloride premix (Co 1.24%) 0.121%, potassium iodide premix (I 3.26%) 0.061%, sodium selenite premix (Se 0.46%) 0.054%, betaine 6%, xylooligosaccharide 1.5%, mildew inhibitor 2.5%, antioxidant 2%, compound multivitamin 1.5%, and milled rice bran 33.011%. Step E3: Prepare a complete pelleted feed of Ophiopogon japonicus grass powder suitable for commercial-scale application in growing rabbits. The raw materials by weight percentage are: Ophiopogon japonicus grass powder 8%, corn 18%, wheat middlings 2.5%, wheat bran 18.5%, rice bran 9%, soybean oil 0.7%, rapeseed meal 5%, soybean meal 8%, alfalfa meal 8%, soybean hulls 11%, rice bran 9.3%, and growing rabbit premix 2%. It is then processed into pelleted feed, with pellet length of 8-10 mm, diameter of 3 mm, hardness of 8-13 kg, and durability of >98%.

8. The application of the complete feed of Ophiopogon japonicus powder according to claim 7 in growing meat rabbits, characterized in that, The optimized Ophiopogon japonicus powder complete pelleted feed is applied to meat rabbits during their growth period, especially in the later stages of growth, i.e., 2-3 weeks before slaughter.

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