Vertical gear hobbing machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical gear hobbing machine, and belongs to the technical field of gear hobbing machines. The machine tool mainly comprises a machine tool body, an air blowing assembly, a switching assembly and a protection assembly. The air blowing assembly comprises an annular air pipe arranged on the supporting column in a sleeving mode, a guiding air nozzle and a scrap blowing air nozzle which are arranged in different directions, and a movable sealing cover mechanism and a conical cover are arranged on the periphery of the air blowing assembly. The linkage mechanism is driven by the servo motor, so that the cover sealing mechanism generates rotating displacement and lifting displacement, and function switching of the guiding air nozzle and the scrap blowing air nozzle between the shielding state and the communicating state is achieved through phase change. And meanwhile, when the servo motor drives the cover sealing mechanism to move upwards, the conical cover is synchronously linked to eject the sealing cover plate, so that the scrap blowing air nozzle gets close to the workpiece and accurately releases air flow to point to the tooth groove. Automatic switching between a chip removal disc cleaning mode and a workpiece cleaning mode is achieved through a single power source, cleaning of the air tap in the non-working stage is ensured through a dynamic protection structure, and the cleaning efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear hobbing machine technology, and more particularly to a vertical gear hobbing machine. Background Technology

[0002] A vertical gear hobbing machine is a common machine tool used for machining the teeth of cylindrical gears, worm gears, and other gears. Its key feature is that the workpiece is mounted on a vertically arranged worktable and rotates, while the hob is horizontally mounted on a hob holder that can be fed up and down along a column slide rail. During the machining cycle, the hob engages with the gear blank at high speed, cutting and performing compensated vertical or horizontal movements according to a preset tooth trajectory. After the machining task is completed, to facilitate unloading by a robot or manually, the hob holder performs a return stroke, rapidly moving upwards along the column slide rail to free up working space.

[0003] In actual production, after gear hobbing is completed, the chips and viscous cutting oil accumulated inside the tooth grooves are usually handled manually and through separate auxiliary processes. The current mainstream operation is that after the machine tool completes the machining cycle and the hob returns to the safe position, the operator opens the machine tool protective door and uses a manual high-pressure air gun to blow air onto the workpiece surface, blowing most of the chips from between the teeth into the chip removal groove in the base. This method not only increases the labor intensity and non-cutting auxiliary time, but also, due to the randomness of manual operation, it is difficult to guarantee that each tooth groove can achieve a completely uniform purification effect.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of this application concept, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a vertical gear hobbing machine to solve the technical problems of high labor intensity, low production efficiency, and troublesome tooth groove cleaning caused by the need for manual cleaning of debris after gear processing in the prior art.

[0006] This invention adopts the following technical solution: a vertical gear hobbing machine. It includes a machine bed and a support column fixed thereon, the support column being equipped with a rotary worktable and a chip removal disc; an air blowing assembly including an annular air pipe sleeved on the support column, the annular air pipe having several guide nozzles and several chip blowing nozzles facing different directions, the annular air pipe having a movable sealing mechanism and a conical cover slidably sleeved on the support column; a switching assembly including a servo motor and a linkage mechanism, the servo motor driving the sealing mechanism through the linkage mechanism to generate rotational and lifting displacements, thereby realizing the functional switching between the guide nozzles and the chip blowing nozzles in a shielded state and a connected state; a protective assembly including a sealing cover plate movably disposed on the conical cover, when the servo motor drives the sealing mechanism to move, the conical cover moves upward synchronously and pushes open the sealing cover plate, causing the chip blowing nozzles to release airflow towards the workpiece tooth groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes an internal gear, a main gear, and a cam; the internal gear is sleeved on the support column through a bearing component, the servo motor is fixed to the side of the support column, the main gear is fixed to the output end of the servo motor and meshes with the internal gear, the cam is coaxially fixed to the output end of the servo motor and located above the main gear, the cam is driven to rotate by the servo motor, and the contour surface of the cam contacts the sealing mechanism to provide lifting power.

[0008] Furthermore, the sealing mechanism includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, and connecting members; both the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are sleeved on the support column and have a gap between them; the connecting members are symmetrically arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate and are fixedly connected thereto; the lower cover plate is connected to the internal gear through a guide rod that passes vertically through the internal gear; several guide rods are provided so that the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are adapted to rotate synchronously with the internal gear in a circumferential direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper cover plate has several through holes in its circumference, and the lower cover plate has several inclined holes. In the initial state, the inclined holes are aligned with the guide air nozzle, and the upper cover plate closes the chip blowing nozzle. In the switching state, the upper cover plate rotates with the internal gear to align the through holes with the chip blowing nozzle, while the lower cover plate closes the guide air nozzle.

[0010] Furthermore, the internal gear is fixedly connected to the bearing component through two symmetrically arranged connecting frames. The switching assembly also includes a first bevel gear, a right-angle bracket, and a second bevel gear. The first bevel gear is fixed to the output end of the servo motor and located above the main gear. The right-angle bracket is fixed to the side of the servo motor. The second bevel gear is mounted on the right-angle bracket through a rotating shaft and meshes with the first bevel gear. The push stroke of the cam acts on the bottom surface of the lower cover plate to convert the rotation of the servo motor into the lifting motion of the lower cover plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a return spring is sleeved on the guide rod, with its two ends connected between the upper surface of the internal gear and the bottom surface of the lower cover plate, respectively, to provide the resetting power for the sealing mechanism to move downward when the cam is in the return stroke.

[0012] Furthermore, the protective assembly includes guide posts, base rods, connecting springs, and top rods; two base rods are symmetrically arranged and fixed to the chip discharge disc, with a support ear at one end of their inner wall; two connecting ears are provided on the conical cover; the guide post is vertically movable through the connecting ear; the connecting spring is connected between the support ear and the connecting ear and is coaxially sleeved on the guide post; two top rods are symmetrically arranged and fixed to the upper surface of the conical cover; two sealing cover plates are arranged opposite each other and are movably connected to the corresponding base rods through hinge plates, and together cover the fan-shaped groove on the conical cover;

[0013] When the servo motor drives the cam to rotate to the push stroke section, the sealing mechanism is pressed by the cam and moves vertically upward along the support column. During the movement, the sealing mechanism touches and drives the conical cover to overcome the elastic force of the connecting spring and move upward synchronously, so that the push rod moves with the conical cover and simultaneously pushes open the two sealing cover plates to remove the obstruction of the fan-shaped groove, so that the airflow released by the chip blowing nozzle is suitable to pass through the fan-shaped groove and point to the workpiece tooth groove to perform a cleaning action.

[0014] Furthermore, the jet centerlines of the two adjacent sets of guide nozzles partially overlap the impact area formed on the chip removal disc, so that the airflow released by the guide nozzles is suitable for forming a circumferential scouring cyclone on the surface of the chip removal disc.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes an operating door, a column guide rail, and a base; the rotary worktable is supported on the support column by bearings and is adapted to rotate around the axis of the support column; the chip discharge disc is fixed on the base and its surface is sloping to guide the waste chips blown off by the guide air nozzle to fall.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a hobbing spindle assembly, which is mounted on the column side guide rail of the machine tool bed. The hobbing spindle assembly includes a hobbing carriage slide that can slide vertically along the column side guide rail, as well as a horizontal hobbing shaft, a drive motor, and a hobbing cutter mounted on the hobbing carriage slide. An upper chuck assembly is provided above the support column for cooperating with the rotary table to clamp the workpiece.

[0017] The above-mentioned technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0018] A vertical gear hobbing machine effectively solves the technical problems of residual chips deep in the tooth root and difficulty in automatically cleaning accumulated chips on the chip conveyor during gear hobbing by integrating an air blowing component, a sealing mechanism, and a protective component with linkage protection function on the support column. This device uses a servo motor of the switching component as a unified power source, driving the sealing mechanism to generate rotational and lifting displacements through a linkage mechanism. On the one hand, the rotational displacement changes the phase overlap between the sealing mechanism and the annular air pipe, realizing the functional switching between the guide air nozzle and the chip blowing nozzle in a shielded and connected state, allowing the machine tool to autonomously select to clean the chip conveyor or the workpiece tooth groove according to the processing stage. On the other hand, the lifting displacement not only shortens the working distance between the chip blowing nozzle and the workpiece to enhance the impact force, but also synchronously links the conical cover to move upward and push open the sealing cover plate, realizing the automated opening of the protection path. This structure ensures that the air nozzle is in a tightly shielded protective state during the non-cleaning stage, avoiding contamination by cutting oil and chips, while achieving accurate and powerful directional blowing during the cleaning stage, improving the automated cleaning efficiency and cleaning quality of gear processing. Furthermore, the overall structure is compact and the action is reliably connected. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0020] In the attached diagram:

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a vertical gear hobbing machine according to this application;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the upper clamp assembly structure;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the hobbing cutter spindle assembly structure;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial structural diagram;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram at point A;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The main view;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram at point B;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure with the lower cover in its default closed state.

[0030] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified structural diagram at point C;

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 1. Machine tool bed; 11. Operating door; 12. Column guide rail; 13. Upper chuck assembly; 14. Base; 15. Support column; 16. Rotary worktable; 17. Chip conveyor; 2. Hob spindle assembly; 21. Hob holder slide plate; 22. Horizontal hob shaft; 23. Drive motor; 24. Hob cutting tool; 3. Air blowing assembly; 31. Annular air pipe; 32. Guide air nozzle; 33. Chip blowing air nozzle; 34. Upper cover plate; 341. Through hole; 35. Lower cover plate; 351. Inclined hole; 36. Connecting... 37. Connecting component; 372. Conical cover; 373. Top rod; 374. Sector groove; 4. Switching assembly; 41. Internal gear; 42. Connecting frame; 43. Bearing component; 44. Servo motor; 46. Guide rod; 47. Return spring; 48. Main gear; 49. Bevel gear one; 410. Right angle frame; 411. Bevel gear two; 412. Cam; 5. Protective assembly; 51. Guide column; 52. Connecting spring; 53. Base rod; 54. Hinge plate; 55. Sealing cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0034] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Reference Figures 1-10As shown, the present invention provides a vertical gear hobbing machine, which mainly consists of a machine bed 1, a hob spindle assembly 2, an air blowing assembly 3, a switching assembly 4, and a protective assembly 5 located above.

[0036] An operating door 11 is provided on the outside of the machine tool bed 1, and a column guide rail 12 and a base 14 are provided on the machine tool bed 1. A support column 15 is fixedly provided on the base 14. A rotary table 16 is provided on the central bearing of the support column 15. The rotary table 16 is adapted to rotate along the axis of the support column 15 to drive the workpiece to perform rolling cutting. In order to achieve stable clamping of the workpiece, an upper chuck assembly 13 is vertically slidably provided on the column guide rail 12. The upper chuck assembly 13 is usually hydraulically or servo driven and is located directly above the rotary table 16.

[0037] Before the machining cycle begins, the operator places the workpiece blank on the positioning fixture of the rotary table 16. Then, the upper chuck assembly 13 descends along the column guide rail 12, and its center point or clamping mechanism acts on the center hole or top surface of the workpiece. At this time, the upper chuck assembly 13 and the rotary table 16 form a vertical clamping state, ensuring that the workpiece will not experience radial runout or axial displacement when it rotates around the axis of the support column 15 at high frequency and high torque, thereby ensuring the pitch accuracy of the gear.

[0038] The hob spindle assembly 2 is mounted on the column side guide rail of the machine tool bed 1. Specifically, the hob spindle assembly 2 includes a hob holder slide plate 21 that can slide vertically along the guide rail. A horizontal hob shaft 22 is horizontally placed on the hob holder slide plate 21. One end of the horizontal hob shaft 22 is connected to a drive motor 23 through a transmission mechanism, and the other end is used to clamp the hob tool 24.

[0039] At the start of processing, the drive motor 23 provides rotational power, driving the horizontal hob shaft 22 and the hob cutter 24 to rotate at high speed. Under the control of the CNC system, the hob holder slide 21 feeds downward along the guide rail of the machine tool bed 1. At this time, the rotating hob cutter 24 and the workpiece on the rotary table 16 perform generating motion, and the workpiece is processed into the required gear tooth shape through continuous cutting of the cutting edge.

[0040] Below the rotary table 16, a chip removal disc 17 is fixedly installed on the base 14. The chip removal disc 17 adopts a disc structure surrounding the support column 15, and its disc surface is designed as a slope with the height gradually decreasing from the central axis to the outer edge.

[0041] During the cutting process, the metal chips stripped by the hob cutter 24 fall directly under the force of gravity. Since the chip removal disk 17 is located directly below the machining area and has a decreasing slope, most of the chips will slide outward along the slope after contacting the disk surface and eventually collect in the chip collection groove below. This slope design effectively prevents chips from accumulating at the base of the support column 15 or at the bottom of the worktable, reducing the risk of mechanical interference caused by chip accumulation.

[0042] To facilitate the cleaning of residual chips deep in the tooth roots of the workpiece and chips on the chip tray, an air blowing assembly 3 and a corresponding sealing mechanism are integrated into the machine tool bed 1. The air blowing assembly 3 is the main body for carrying and spraying airflow, mainly including an annular air pipe 31, several guide air nozzles 32, and several chip blowing nozzles 33 on the upper surface of the annular air pipe 31. The sealing mechanism is the execution unit for realizing the opening and closing of the air passage, mainly composed of an upper cover plate 34, a lower cover plate 35, and a connecting piece 36 that fixes the two together. In order to ensure that there are no blind spots on the chip tray 17, the impact coverage surfaces formed by the jets of several guide air nozzles 32 are connected or partially overlapped on the slope, thereby forming a continuous circumferential scouring force on the surface of the chip tray, effectively pushing the chips to the edge.

[0043] This invention drives the sealing mechanism to generate a compound displacement by switching component 4, so that the air blowing component 3 presents different working modes in different processing stages. That is, it realizes the function switching between the guide nozzle 32 and the chip blowing nozzle 33 in the shielded state (no air supply) and the connected state (air supply and cleaning). At the same time, the sealing cover plate 55 of the protective component 5 realizes the automatic opening and closing of the cleaning path.

[0044] The annular air pipe 31 has an annular structure and is sleeved in the middle of the support column 15. The annular air pipe 31 is connected to an external air supply device through a pipe interface. At the bottom of the annular air pipe 31, there are several guide air nozzles 32 that are inclined towards the chip removal disk 17. The guide air nozzles 32 are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the chip removal disk 17 and are used to clean up the accumulated chips that fall on the surface of the chip removal disk 17. On the upper surface of the annular air pipe 31, there are several chip blowing nozzles 33. The chip blowing nozzles 33 are vertically arranged towards the tooth groove of the workpiece and are used to perform directional high-pressure blowing on the tooth groove of the processed gear during the cleaning stage.

[0045] The sealing mechanism is fitted around the annular air pipe 31, with a clearance between it and the support column 15 to ensure smooth displacement. Specifically, the upper cover plate 34 is located above the annular air pipe 31, and has through holes 341 in its circumference that match the number and position of the chip blowing nozzles 33. The lower cover plate 35 is located below the annular air pipe 31, and has inclined holes 351 on it. Connectors 36 are symmetrically arranged between the upper cover plate 34 and the lower cover plate 35, forming a frame that can rotate and rise synchronously. A conical cover 37 is slidably fitted on the support column 15 to cover the outer periphery of the sealing mechanism. The conical cover 37 serves as the outermost protective element, and symmetrical fan-shaped grooves 374 are formed on the conical cover 37 at positions corresponding to the spray path of the chip blowing nozzles 33.

[0046] The sealing mechanism changes the air path state by generating relative displacement with respect to the stationary annular air pipe 31. This includes circumferential rotation and axial lifting. When the sealing mechanism rotates in the horizontal direction, it changes the overlap between the through hole 341 and the chip blowing nozzle 33, and the inclined hole 351 and the guide nozzle 32, thereby switching the airflow between blowing the chip removal disk 17 downwards and blowing the workpiece upwards. When the sealing mechanism lifts and lowers in the vertical direction, the upper cover plate 34 will touch and drive the outer conical cover 37 to move synchronously, thereby triggering the subsequent protection opening process.

[0047] In the initial state, the sealing mechanism is in a low position and initial phase. At this time, the inclined hole 351 on the lower cover plate 35 is exactly aligned with the guide air nozzle 32 at the bottom of the annular air pipe 31, while the upper cover plate 34 is in the position of closing the chip blowing nozzle 33, that is, the through hole 341 and the nozzle position are staggered. In this state, all the compressed air supplied by the air source is discharged through the guide air nozzle 32, and the airflow is sprayed obliquely downwards towards the chip removal disk 17, which, in conjunction with the cutting process, cleans up the naturally falling waste chips in real time;

[0048] Reference Figures 5-8 As shown, the switching component 4 includes a servo motor 44 and a linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism specifically includes a main gear 48, a cam 412, a right-angle bracket 410, a first bevel gear 49, a second bevel gear 411, an internal gear 41, a connecting bracket 42, a bearing 43, a guide rod 46, and a return spring 47.

[0049] The servo motor 44 serves as a power source and is vertically fixed to the side of the support column 15 via a motor mount. The output shaft of the servo motor 44 extends longitudinally, and the bottom of the output shaft is fixedly connected to the main gear 48 via a flat key. A bevel gear 49 is fixed at the top of the output shaft, and a right-angle bracket 410 is fixed to the side of the housing of the servo motor 44. A bevel gear 411 is supported by a rotating shaft in the vertical section of the right-angle bracket 410. The bevel gear 411 meshes with the bevel gear 49. A vertically arranged cam 412 is also coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft. The push-stroke working surface of the cam 412 is set directly opposite the bottom surface of the lower cover plate 35.

[0050] The bearing component 43 is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the support column 15, and the internal gear 41 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring of the bearing component 43 through two connecting frames 42 that are symmetrically distributed at 180°, thereby forming a degree of freedom to rotate around the central axis of the support column 15. The internal gear 41 and the main gear 48 are in a constant meshing state to receive rotational power from the servo motor 44.

[0051] To organically combine the rotation of the internal gear 41 with the lifting and lowering movement of the lower cover plate 35, several flanges are integrally extended along the edge of the lower cover plate 35. Each flange has a vertically fixed, downward-extending guide rod 46 on its bottom surface. Guide holes are correspondingly provided at the circumferential edge of the internal gear 41. The guide rod 46 vertically moves through the guide holes of the internal gear 41 and extends upward to be fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the lower cover plate 35. This ensures that the lower cover plate 35 and the internal gear 41 are completely synchronized in circumferential rotation, while not interfering with each other in axial lifting and lowering. Furthermore, a return spring 47 is coaxially sleeved on each guide rod 46. The two ends of the return spring 47 abut against the upper surface of the internal gear 41 and the bottom surface of the lower cover plate 35, respectively, providing a pre-tightening force for the entire sealing mechanism.

[0052] In the initial stage of servo motor 44 startup, power is transmitted to internal gear 41 via main gear 48. Due to the circumferential limiting effect of guide rod 46 on lower cover plate 35, the entire sealing mechanism consisting of upper cover plate 34, lower cover plate 35 and connecting piece 36 rotates synchronously. At this time, cam 412 is in the base circle section and does not produce lifting displacement. The sealing mechanism only performs rotational action to adjust the phase of through hole 341 and inclined hole 351 relative to air nozzle, realizing the air path switching from chip removal disk 17 cleaning mode to workpiece cleaning mode.

[0053] As the motor continues to rotate, the power is transmitted to the horizontal rotating shaft through bevel gear 49 and bevel gear 411, driving cam 412 into the push stroke section. At this time, the eccentric profile of cam 412 presses upward against the bottom surface of the lower cover plate 35. The lower cover plate 35 overcomes the tension of the return spring 47 and slides vertically upward along the guide rod 46, driving the entire sealing mechanism to move closer to the workpiece tooth groove, and finally touches and lifts the upper conical cover 37 through the upper cover plate 34.

[0054] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the protective component 5 is used to achieve automatic avoidance during purging and sealing in the non-working state. It mainly consists of a guide post 51, a connecting spring 52, a base rod 53, a hinge plate 54, and a sealing cover plate 55.

[0055] Two base rods 53 are symmetrically fixed on the upper surface of the chip discharge disc 17. A support ear (not shown in the figure) is provided at one end of the inner wall of each base rod 53. A guide post 51 is fixed vertically downward on the bottom surface of the support ear. Two connecting ears 372 are symmetrically provided on the side wall of the conical cover 37. The conical cover 37 is slidably sleeved on the support post 15 through the connecting ears 372. A connecting spring 52 is coaxially sleeved on the guide post 51 between each support ear and the connecting ear 372 to provide a pre-tightening force for the conical cover 37 to return to its downward position. Two vertically upward top rods 373 are symmetrically fixed on the upper surface of the conical cover 37. Two semi-annular sealing cover plates 55 are movably connected to the top of the corresponding base rod 53 through hinge plates 54. In the initial state, the two sealing cover plates 55 close together and cover the fan-shaped groove 374 at the top of the conical cover 37, forming a closed protection.

[0056] When the sealing mechanism is lifted and moved upward by the cam 412, the upper surface of the upper cover plate 34 touches the inner top surface of the conical cover 37, pushing the conical cover 37 to rise synchronously against the pressure of the connecting spring 52. During the rising process, the two top rods 373 at the top are vertically displaced and push open the two sealing cover plates 55 from the inside, exposing the fan-shaped groove 374 for airflow to pass through. After cleaning is completed, as the motor returns, the reset spring 47 and the connecting spring 52 work together to make the mechanism descend, and the sealing cover plates 55 close and reset under the action of gravity or torsion spring.

[0057] Working Principle: Before the hobbing process begins, the system is in its initial position. At this time, the servo motor 44 is stopped, the cam 412 is located in the base circle section, and the sealing mechanism is held in its lowest position under the pressure of the return spring 47. In this phase, the inclined hole 351 of the lower cover plate 35 is fully aligned and connected with the guide nozzle 32 at the bottom of the annular air pipe 31, while the upper cover plate 34 tightly seals the chip blowing nozzle 33, keeping it in a shielded state. When the hob cutter 24 continuously cuts the workpiece and generates metal chips, compressed air is sprayed obliquely downward through the guide nozzle 32. The airflow directly acts on the inclined surface of the chip removal disk 17. Combined with gravity and the slope of the inclined surface, the falling chips are forced to slide and collect towards the edge of the base 14. During this stage, the sealing cover plate 55 of the protective component 5 is in a closed state, effectively preventing the splashed cutting oil and dust generated during processing from entering the air blowing component 3, thus achieving a dynamic balance between processing, chip removal, and protection.

[0058] When the hobbing process ends and the cleaning program begins, the servo motor 44 starts. Power is first transmitted to the internal gear 41 via the main gear 48, and then forced to rotate the sealing mechanism (upper cover plate 34, lower cover plate 35, and connecting piece 36) around the axis of the support column 15 via the guide rod 46. During this stage, the cam 412 rotates synchronously with the output shaft of the servo motor 44. However, since it is still in the preparatory phase before the push stroke, the lower cover plate 35 does not produce vertical displacement. As the sealing mechanism rotates to the preset angle, the inclined hole 351 of the lower cover plate 35 and the guide air nozzle 32 are phase misaligned, thereby sealing the lower air source. Simultaneously, the through hole 341 of the upper cover plate 34 and the chip blowing nozzle 33 on the upper surface of the annular air pipe 31 are aligned. At this point, the system completes the functional switch from chip removal mode to cleaning mode, and the airflow path changes from downward injection to upward guidance, preparing the phase for subsequent precise chip removal deep into the tooth root.

[0059] As the servo motor 44 continues to rotate, power is transmitted through the meshing of bevel gear 49 and bevel gear 411, driving cam 412 into the push stroke section. The eccentric profile of cam 412 presses upward against the lower cover plate 35, causing the entire sealing mechanism to overcome the tension of the return spring 47 and slide vertically upward along the guide rod 46. When the upper cover plate 34 touches the inner top surface of the conical cover 37, it drives the conical cover 37 to overcome the preload of the connecting spring 52 and move upward synchronously. During the upward movement, the push rod 373 fixed to the top of the conical cover 37 is displaced accordingly, forcibly opening the sealing cover plate 55 from the inside and exposing the fan-shaped groove 374. At this time, the chip blowing nozzle 33 has risen to the position closest to the workpiece tooth groove, and the high-pressure airflow passes through the fan-shaped groove 374 to perform directional flushing of the residual chips deep in the root of the workpiece teeth. After the cleaning task is completed, the motor reverses to return to its starting position. Under the combined action of the reset spring 47 and the connecting spring 52, each mechanism automatically moves downward to reset, and the sealing cover 55 closes again, completing a full cleaning cycle.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical gear hobbing machine, characterized in that, include The machine tool bed (1) and the support column (15) fixed thereon are provided with a rotary table (16) and a chip conveyor (17). The air blowing assembly (3) includes an annular air pipe (31) sleeved on the support column (15). The annular air pipe (31) is provided with a number of guide air nozzles (32) and a number of blow-off air nozzles (33) with different orientations. The annular air pipe (31) is provided with a movable sealing mechanism and a conical cover (37) slidably sleeved on the support column (15). The switching component (4) includes a servo motor (44) and a linkage mechanism. The servo motor (44) drives the sealing mechanism to generate rotational and lifting displacement through the linkage mechanism, so as to realize the function switching between the guide nozzle (32) and the chip blowing nozzle (33) in the shielded state and the connected state. The protective component (5) includes a sealing cover (55) movably mounted on the conical cover (37). When the servo motor (44) drives the sealing mechanism to move, the conical cover (37) moves upward and pushes open the sealing cover (55) in sync, so that the chip blowing nozzle (33) releases airflow toward the workpiece tooth groove.

2. A vertical gear hobbing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism includes an internal gear (41), a main gear (48), and a cam (412). The internal gear (41) is sleeved on the support column (15) through a bearing (43). The servo motor (44) is fixed to the side of the support column (15). The main gear (48) is fixed to the output end of the servo motor (44) and meshes with the internal gear (41). The cam (412) is coaxially fixed to the output end of the servo motor (44) and located above the main gear (48). The cam (412) is driven to rotate by the servo motor (44). The contour surface of the cam (412) contacts the sealing mechanism to provide lifting power.

3. A vertical gear hobbing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing mechanism includes an upper cover plate (34), a lower cover plate (35), and a connector (36). The upper cover plate (34) and the lower cover plate (35) are both sleeved on the support column (15) and there is a gap between them. The connector (36) is symmetrically arranged between the upper cover plate (34) and the lower cover plate (35) and is fixedly connected to them. The lower cover plate (35) is connected to the internal gear (41) by a guide rod (46) that passes vertically through the internal gear (41). Several guide rods (46) are provided so that the upper cover plate (34) and the lower cover plate (35) are adapted to rotate synchronously with the internal gear (41).

4. A vertical gear hobbing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (34) has several through holes (341) circumferentially, and the lower cover plate (35) has several inclined holes (351). In the initial state, the inclined holes (351) are aligned with the guide air nozzle (32), and the upper cover plate (34) closes the chip blowing nozzle (33). In the switching state, the upper cover plate (34) rotates with the internal gear (41) to align the through holes (341) with the chip blowing nozzle (33), and at the same time, the lower cover plate (35) closes the guide air nozzle (32).

5. A vertical gear hobbing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The internal gear (41) is fixedly connected to the bearing (43) through two symmetrically arranged connecting frames (42). The switching assembly (4) also includes a bevel gear one (49), a right-angle frame (410) and a bevel gear two (411). The bevel gear one (49) is fixed to the output end of the servo motor (44) and located above the main gear (48). The right-angle frame (410) is fixed to the side of the servo motor (44). The bevel gear two (411) is set on the right-angle frame (410) through a rotating shaft and meshes with the bevel gear one (49). The push stroke of the cam (412) acts on the bottom surface of the lower cover plate (35) to convert the rotation of the servo motor (44) into the lifting motion of the lower cover plate (35).

6. A vertical gear hobbing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A reset spring (47) is sleeved on the guide rod (46). The two ends of the reset spring (47) are respectively connected between the upper surface of the internal gear (41) and the bottom surface of the lower cover plate (35) to provide the reset power for the sealing mechanism to move downward when the cam (412) is in the return stroke.

7. A vertical gear hobbing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protective assembly (5) includes a guide post (51), a base rod (53), a connecting spring (52), and a top rod (373). Two base rods (53) are symmetrically arranged and fixed on the chip tray (17). A support ear is provided at one end of the inner wall of the base rod. Two connecting ears (372) are provided on the conical cover (37). The guide post (51) is vertically movably arranged through the connecting ear (372). The connecting spring (52) is connected between the support ear and the connecting ear (372) and is coaxially sleeved on the guide post (51). Two top rods (373) are symmetrically arranged and fixed on the upper surface of the conical cover (37). Two sealing cover plates (55) are arranged opposite each other and are movably connected to the corresponding base rod (53) through a hinge plate (54) and together cover the fan-shaped groove (374) on the conical cover (37). When the servo motor (44) drives the cam (412) to rotate to the push stroke section, the sealing mechanism is pressed by the cam (412) and moves vertically upward along the support column (15). During the movement, the sealing mechanism touches and drives the conical cover (37) to overcome the elastic force of the connecting spring (52) and move upward synchronously, so that the push rod (373) moves with the conical cover (37) and simultaneously pushes open the two sealing covers (55) to release the obstruction of the fan-shaped groove (374), so that the airflow released by the chip blowing nozzle (33) is suitable to pass through the fan-shaped groove (374) and point to the workpiece tooth groove to perform a cleaning action.

8. A vertical gear hobbing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The jet centerlines of two adjacent sets of guide nozzles (32) partially overlap the impact area formed on the chip removal disk (17) so that the airflow released by the guide nozzles (32) is suitable for forming a circumferential scouring cyclone on the surface of the chip removal disk (17).

9. A vertical gear hobbing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an operating door (11), a column guide rail (12) and a base (14); the rotary worktable (16) is supported on the support column (15) by bearings and is adapted to rotate around the axis of the support column (15); the chip discharge disc (17) is fixed on the base (14) and its surface is sloping, so as to guide the waste chips blown off by the guide air nozzle (32) to fall.

10. A vertical gear hobbing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a hobbing spindle assembly (2), which is mounted on the column side guide rail of the machine tool bed (1). The hobbing spindle assembly (2) includes a hobbing holder slide plate (21) that can slide vertically along the column side guide rail, as well as a horizontal hobbing shaft (22), a drive motor (23) and a hobbing cutter (24) mounted on the hobbing holder slide plate (21). An upper chuck assembly (13) is provided above the support column (15) for clamping the workpiece in conjunction with the rotary table (16).

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