Machining method for composite-angle plane part

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a machining method for a composite angle plane part, which comprises the following steps of: decomposing the composite angle plane of the part into two coplanar single-angle planes by using three-dimensional modeling software, and measuring an included angle alpha 1 and an included angle alpha 2 between an intersection line and a reference plane; adding materials to form a containing body containing part, and setting a positioning and clamping surface; by taking the containing body as a reference, processing an alpha 1 plane, a process step and a middle structure by using horizontal three-axis semi-equipment, and fixing by using industrial paraffin; and processing a reference surface by using vertical three-axis equipment and stripping the part by taking the process step as a reference, and heating to remove paraffin. Only three-axis / three-axis half equipment is needed, the standard is unified, the precision efficiency is improved, the cost is reduced, the universality is high, and the method can be popularized to similar parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining technology, and in particular relates to a machining method for composite angular plane parts. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of machining technology, the structure of parts has become increasingly complex and diversified, and structural parts containing compound angular planes are being used more and more widely in many specific situations. The core feature of such parts is that at least two planes form angular planes, and these angular planes form compound angles with the shape and datum, exhibiting angular structures in both datum directions, which makes their machining and manufacturing extremely difficult.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for machining compound angle planar parts: one is the traditional machining method, which uses conventional equipment. While the spindle rotates at an angle, the vise rotates horizontally at a certain angle to form a compound angle. However, this method has the problem of difficulty in tool setting, and the quality of the machined parts is difficult to meet the technical requirements. The other is five-axis equipment machining. Although clamping and positioning are simple, some companies are unable to use this machining method due to limitations such as equipment purchase costs and production conditions.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a reasonable process scheme, integrate mature processing technologies and process measures to form a new processing method, and ensure processing quality and efficiency while reducing equipment requirements has become a key and difficult technology that urgently needs to be solved in the field of compound angle plane parts processing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a machining method for composite angular plane parts.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a processing method for composite angular plane parts, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Create a single-angle plane: Based on the part structure, using 3D modeling software, two single planes are created based on the part's own composite angle plane. The two single planes are coplanar with the composite angle plane, and the intersection line of the two single planes is constructed. The included angle α1 of the two single planes and the included angle α2 of the intersection line with the initial side reference plane of the part are measured. Step 2: Additive fabrication to form the inclusion body: Orthographic projection is performed on the normal of a plane at a certain angle of the part, and the included angle α2 is rotated. Based on the maximum outer contour shape of the part, a certain distance is translated to form an enclosing body, which completely encloses the part within the enclosing body. Step 3: Machining the plane with angle α1: Using the shape of the enclosure as a reference, the parts are positioned and clamped. A horizontal three-and-a-half-axis CNC machine is used to rotate the machine table by the included angle α1, process the plane and related structures corresponding to the angle α1, and process the steps required for subsequent positioning and clamping. Step 4: Process the intermediate structure: Using the shape of the enclosure as a reference, the parts are positioned and clamped, and a horizontal three-and-a-half-axis CNC machine is used to process the middle part structure between two single-angle planes; Step 5: Secure the parts: The space formed in step 4 is filled with filler material to fix the part; Step 6: Machining the reference plane and related structures: Using the process step processed in step 3 as a reference, the part is positioned and clamped. A vertical three-axis CNC machine is used to process the reference plane and related structures of the part, and the part is peeled out of the enclosure. Step 7: Clean the parts. Remove the filler material and clean the parts.

[0007] In the above-mentioned processing method for composite angle plane parts, in step 1, the creation of two single planes does not require offset distance, but only needs to ensure that they are coplanar with the composite angle plane of the part.

[0008] In the above-mentioned processing method for composite angle plane parts, in step 2, the maximum outer contour shape of the part is translated outward by a distance of not less than 10mm.

[0009] In the above-mentioned processing method for composite angle plane parts, in step 2, the containing body includes a main positioning surface, an auxiliary positioning surface and two clamping planes. The main positioning surface is a plane that is parallel to the projection surface of the part and offset by a set distance. The auxiliary positioning surface is a plane that forms an angle α2 with the initial side reference surface of the part. The two clamping planes are perpendicular to the main positioning surface and the auxiliary positioning surface, respectively.

[0010] In the above-mentioned processing method for composite angle plane parts, in step 3, the spindle of the equipment is perpendicular to the main positioning surface of the enclosure, and the part is positioned and clamped through the two clamping planes of the enclosure.

[0011] In the above-mentioned processing method for composite angle plane parts, in step 3, the size of the process step is not less than 5mm, and the direction of the process step is parallel to the clamping plane of the enclosure.

[0012] In the above-mentioned machining method for composite angle plane parts, in step 4, the part is clamped in a horizontal direction, and the machine table is rotated to an angle where the main positioning surface of the enclosure is parallel to the machine spindle.

[0013] In the above-mentioned processing method for composite angle plane parts, in step 5, the filler material is industrial paraffin wax.

[0014] In the above-mentioned machining method for composite angle plane parts, in step 6, the reference plane and related structures are machined by layer-by-layer machining, and the diameter of the selected tool must be sufficient to ensure that the enclosure body retains its complete shape after the part is peeled off.

[0015] In the above-mentioned processing method for composite angle plane parts, in step 7, the filler material is removed by heating and melting industrial paraffin wax, and then the parts are cleaned.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. Based on 3D software, two single-angle planes and their intersection lines can be constructed. The operation is simple and fast, and the decomposition of composite angles can be achieved quickly.

[0017] 2. By transforming complex composite angle planes into single angle planes for machining, the machining and operation difficulties are greatly reduced, and machining accuracy is easier to control.

[0018] 3. In the process design, the shape of the enclosure is used as the positioning and clamping datum, tool setting datum and inspection datum, so as to achieve datum unification, ensure machining accuracy, and improve the part machining qualification rate.

[0019] 4. It does not require five-axis CNC equipment; conventional three-axis or three-and-a-half-axis CNC equipment can be used to complete the processing, which reduces equipment requirements and production costs and expands the scope of technology application.

[0020] 5. It has strong versatility and clear process logic, and can be extended to the processing of similar composite angle plane parts, providing technical reference and basis for the processing of similar parts. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a part containing compound angles; Figure 2 A schematic diagram for constructing the intersection line; Figure 3 To construct the schematic diagram of the containment body; Figure 4 This is a drawing of the outer shape of the enclosure containing the parts. Figure 5 This is a single-angle machining structure diagram; Figure 6 This is a diagram of the encapsulated body after the part has been removed.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Part; 2. Angle plane one; 3. Initial side reference plane; 4. Angle plane two; 5. Plane one; 6. Plane two; 7. Intersection line; 8. Main positioning surface; 9. Auxiliary positioning surface; 10. Clamping plane; 11. Process step; 12. Intermediate part. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0024] Example 1 like Figures 1-6 As shown, a machining method for composite angle plane parts includes the following steps: Step 1: Create a single-angle plane: Based on the structure of part 1, using 3D modeling software, two single planes are created based on the composite angle plane of part 1 itself. The two single planes are coplanar with the composite angle plane, and the intersection line 7 of the two single planes is constructed. The included angle α1 of the two single planes and the included angle α2 between the intersection line 7 and the initial side reference plane 3 of part 1 are measured. Step 2: Additive fabrication to form the inclusion body: Orthographic projection is performed on the normal of a plane at a certain angle of part 1. The included angle α2 is rotated, and a certain distance is translated based on the maximum outer contour shape of part 1 to form an enclosing body, which completely encloses part 1 within the enclosing body. Step 3: Machining the plane with angle α1: Using the shape of the enclosure as a reference, position and clamp part 1. Use a horizontal three-and-a-half-axis CNC machine to rotate the machine table by an angle α1, process the plane and related structures corresponding to angle α1, and process the process steps 11 required for subsequent positioning and clamping. Step 4: Process the middle part 12 structure: Using the shape of the enclosure as a reference, position and clamp part 1, and use a horizontal three-and-a-half-axis CNC machine to process the middle part 12 structure between two single-angle planes; Step 5, Fix part 1: Fill the space formed in step 4 with filling material to fix part 1; Step 6: Machining the reference plane and related structures: Using the process step 11 processed in step 3 as a reference, position and clamp part 1, and use a vertical three-axis CNC machine to process the reference plane and related structures of part 1, and peel part 1 from the enclosure. Step 7, Clean part 1: Remove the filler material and clean part 1.

[0025] In step 1, the creation of the two single planes does not require offset distance; it only needs to ensure that they are coplanar with the composite angle plane of part 1.

[0026] In step 2, the maximum outer contour of part 1 is shifted outward by a distance of not less than 10mm.

[0027] In step 2, the containment body includes a main positioning surface 8, an auxiliary positioning surface 9, and two clamping planes 10. The main positioning surface 8 is a plane that is parallel to the projection plane of part 1 and offset by a set distance. The auxiliary positioning surface 9 is a plane that forms an angle α2 with the initial side reference plane 3 of part 1. The two clamping planes 10 are perpendicular to the main positioning surface 8 and the auxiliary positioning surface 9, respectively.

[0028] In step 3, the main spindle of the equipment is perpendicular to the main positioning surface 8 of the enclosure, and the part 1 is positioned and clamped through the two clamping planes 10 of the enclosure.

[0029] In step 3, the size of the process step 11 is not less than 5mm, and the direction of the process step 11 is parallel to the clamping plane 10 of the enclosure.

[0030] In step 4, part 1 is clamped in a horizontal direction, and the equipment worktable is rotated to an angle where the main positioning surface 8 of the enclosure is parallel to the main shaft of the equipment.

[0031] In step 5, the filler material is industrial paraffin.

[0032] In step 6, the reference plane and related structures are machined layer by layer. The diameter of the selected tool must be such that the enclosure body still maintains its complete shape after peeling off part 1.

[0033] In step 7, the filler material is removed by heating and melting industrial paraffin wax, and then part 1 is cleaned.

[0034] Example 2 like Figures 1-6 As shown, a machining method for composite angle plane parts includes the following steps: Step 1: Create a single-angle plane: Select part 1 containing a plane with a compound angle (structure as follows) Figure 1 As shown), using 3D modeling software (such as UG, SolidWorks), based on the composite angle plane formed by angle plane 1-2 and angle plane 2-4 of part 1, create plane 1-5 and plane 2-6, ensuring that plane 1-5 is coplanar with angle plane 1-2 and plane 2-6 is coplanar with angle plane 2-4, without offset distance; using the modeling software function, find the intersection line 7 of plane 1-5 and plane 2-6 (e.g. Figure 2 As shown), the included angle α1 = 30° between plane 5 and plane 6 was measured, and the included angle α2 = 45° between the intersection line 7 and the initial side reference plane 3 of the part was measured. Step 2: Additive fabrication to form the inclusion body: Based on the structural characteristics and processing requirements of part 1, the normal of angle plane 24 is selected for orthographic projection, and the projected shape is rotated α2=45°; based on the maximum outer contour shape of part 1, it is translated 12mm in each direction, and in the height direction, it is translated 15mm downward from angle plane 24 to form the main positioning surface 8, and translated upward to the maximum height of part 1, thus additively forming a cuboid containing body (e.g., Figure 3 , 4 (As shown); the main positioning surface 8 of the enclosure is parallel to the projection surface of the part, the auxiliary positioning surface 9 forms a 45° angle with the initial side reference surface 3, and the two clamping planes 10 are perpendicular to the main positioning surface 8 and the auxiliary positioning surface 9, respectively. The part 1 is completely enclosed in the enclosure. Step 3: Machining the plane with angle α1: Using the two clamping planes 10 of the enclosure as references, part 1 is vertically clamped to ensure clamping rigidity; a horizontal three-and-a-half-axis CNC machine is used, with the machine spindle perpendicular to the main positioning surface 8 of the enclosure, and the worktable is rotated α1=30° to convert the compound angle plane into a single angle plane for machining. At the same time, the relevant auxiliary structures of part 1 are machined, and the process steps 11 are machined (such as...). Figure 5 (As shown); the dimension of process step 11 is set to 6mm, and its direction is parallel to clamping plane 10; Step 4: Process the intermediate structure: Using the shape of the enclosure as a reference, clamp part 1 horizontally, clamp the clamping plane 10, adjust the worktable of the horizontal three-and-a-half-axis CNC machine so that the main positioning surface 8 is parallel to the machine spindle, and process the groove structure of the middle part 12 between the two single-angle planes. Step 5: Fixing the part: After heating and melting the industrial paraffin wax, inject it into the groove space formed in step 4. After the paraffin wax cools and solidifies, part 1 is fixed, ensuring that part 1 will not vibrate during subsequent processing and will not detach from the enclosure during peeling.

[0035] Step 6: Machining the reference plane and related structures: Using the process step 11 processed in step 3 as a reference, part 1 is horizontally clamped. A vertical three-axis CNC machine is used to ensure that the main positioning surface 8 of part 1 is perpendicular to the machine spindle. A 10mm diameter end mill is selected, and a layer-by-layer cutting method (2mm cutting depth per layer) is used to process the reference plane and related assembly structure of part 1, thus peeling part 1 from the enclosure (e.g., Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the shape of the containment body remains intact at this time.

[0036] Step 7: Clean the parts. The stripped part 1 and the enclosure are placed together in an 80°C constant temperature oven and heated for 15 minutes to melt and flow out the industrial paraffin wax. Part 1 is then removed and the surface is cleaned with alcohol to remove residual paraffin wax and chips, thus obtaining the finished part.

[0037] In this embodiment, through the above steps, a three-axis or three-and-a-half-axis CNC machine was used to complete the machining of a composite angle plane part. The angle tolerance of the machined part was controlled within ±0.02° and the surface roughness Ra=1.6μm, which met the technical requirements. Moreover, the machining efficiency was increased by 40% compared with the traditional method, and the equipment cost was reduced by 60% compared with five-axis machining.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for machining composite angular plane parts, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Create a single angle plane: Based on the structure of part (1), use 3D modeling software to create two single planes based on the composite angle plane of part (1) itself. The two single planes are coplanar with the composite angle plane, construct the intersection line (7) of the two single planes, and measure the included angle α1 of the two single planes and the included angle α2 between the intersection line (7) and the initial side reference plane (3) of part (1). Step 2: Additive forming of a containment body: Select the normal of a plane at a certain angle of part (1) for orthographic projection, rotate the included angle α2, and translate a certain distance on the basis of the maximum outline shape of part (1) to form a containment body, and completely contain part (1) within the containment body; Step 3, machining angle α1 plane: using the shape of the enclosure as a reference to position and clamp the part (1), using a horizontal three-and-a-half-axis CNC machine, rotate the machine table by the included angle α1, machine the plane and related structure corresponding to the angle α1, and machine the process steps (11) required for subsequent positioning and clamping. Step 4, Machining the middle part (12) structure: Position and clamp the part (1) based on the outer shape of the enclosure, and use a horizontal three-and-a-half-axis CNC machine to machine the middle part (12) structure between two single-angle planes; Step 5, Fixing Part (1): Fill the space formed in Step 4 with filling material to fix Part (1). Step 6: Machining the reference plane and related structures: Using the process step (11) machined in step 3 as the reference, position and clamp the part (1). Use a vertical three-axis CNC machine to machine the reference plane and related structures of the part (1) and peel the part (1) from the enclosure. Step 7, Cleaning Parts (1): Remove the filling material and clean parts (1).

2. The machining method for a composite angle plane part according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the creation of the two single planes does not require offset distance, only that they are coplanar with the composite angle plane of part (1).

3. The machining method for composite angular plane parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the maximum outer contour of part (1) is translated outward by a distance of not less than 10mm.

4. The machining method for a composite angular plane part according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the containment body includes a main positioning surface (8), an auxiliary positioning surface (9), and two clamping planes (10). The main positioning surface (8) is a plane that is parallel to the projection plane of the part (1) and offset by a set distance. The auxiliary positioning surface (9) is a plane that forms an angle α2 with the initial side reference plane (3) of the part (1). The two clamping planes (10) are perpendicular to the main positioning surface (8) and the auxiliary positioning surface (9), respectively.

5. A machining method for a composite angular plane part according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the main spindle of the equipment is perpendicular to the main positioning surface (8) of the enclosure, and the clamping part (1) is positioned and clamped through the two clamping planes (10) of the enclosure.

6. The machining method for a composite angular plane part according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the size of the process step (11) is not less than 5mm, and the direction of the process step (11) is parallel to the clamping plane (10) of the enclosure.

7. A method for machining composite angular plane parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, part (1) is clamped in a horizontal direction, and the equipment worktable is rotated to the angle where the main positioning surface (8) of the enclosure is parallel to the main shaft of the equipment.

8. A method for machining composite angular plane parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 5, the filler material is industrial paraffin wax.

9. A method for machining composite angular plane parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 6, the reference plane and related structures are machined layer by layer. The diameter of the selected tool must be such that the enclosure remains intact after the part (1) is peeled off.

10. A method for machining composite angular plane parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 7, the filler material is removed by heating and melting industrial paraffin wax, and then the part (1) is cleaned.

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