Shutter type anti-avalanche device

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of avalanche protection, and provides a shutter type avalanche prevention device which comprises a multi-layer frame structure fixed to the ground through anchoring columns. The blades are connected with the multi-layer frame structure through universal hinges, the inclination angle of the blades can be independently and continuously adjusted between 0 degree and 60 degrees, and a plurality of blades are arranged on each layer of the multi-layer frame structure; the driving mechanism is used for driving the blades to adjust the inclination angle and is connected with the blades; the sensor group is arranged on the multi-layer frame structure; the control system is electrically connected with the sensor set and the driving mechanism and used for controlling the driving mechanism to act according to data of the sensor set, through dynamic angle adjustment of the layered blades, avalanche impact force is dispersed and buffered, the intelligent sensing function and the heating snow melting function are combined, active and efficient protection of avalanche is achieved, and the service life of the avalanche is prolonged. And the modular rapid deployment capability is also realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of avalanche protection technology, specifically a louvered avalanche protection device. Background Technology

[0002] Avalanches often cause severe damage to buildings, roads, and equipment in mountainous areas. Traditional protective devices are mostly rigid barriers, lacking flexibility and intelligent adjustment capabilities. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a louvered avalanche protection device to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a louvered avalanche prevention device, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] This invention is implemented as follows: a louvered avalanche prevention device, comprising: A multi-layer frame structure, wherein the multi-layer frame structure is fixed to the ground by anchor columns; The blade is connected to the multi-layer frame structure via a universal hinge. Its tilt angle can be independently and continuously adjusted between 0° and 60°. Multiple blades are provided in each layer of the multi-layer frame structure. A drive mechanism for adjusting the tilt angle of the blades, the drive mechanism being connected to the blades; A sensor array, wherein the sensors are mounted on a multi-layered frame structure; The system is electrically connected to both the sensor group and the drive mechanism, and is used to control the action of the drive mechanism based on the data from the sensor group.

[0005] As a further aspect of the present invention: the sensor group includes a piezoelectric pressure sensor for monitoring snow load, a MEMS accelerometer for detecting impact vibration, and an environmental sensor for monitoring environmental parameters. The piezoelectric pressure sensor is located at the top of the multi-layer frame structure, and the MEMS accelerometer is located at the bottom of the multi-layer frame structure.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the blade has a streamlined airfoil cross section, an electric heating element and a reinforcing structure are embedded inside the blade, and the surface of the blade is covered with a low-friction coating.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the electric heating element is a serpentine heating wire with a power density of 50-80W / m2; The low-friction coating is a polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the reinforcing structure is a reinforcing rib, and multiple sets of the reinforcing rib are arranged at intervals within the blade; The blades are made of carbon fiber composite material and have a honeycomb sandwich structure inside.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: the driving mechanism includes a waterproof servo motor, a worm gear reducer, and a transmission link. The waterproof servo motor is mounted on a multi-layer frame structure, and the waterproof servo motor drives the transmission link through the worm gear reducer to synchronously adjust the angle of all blades in that layer.

[0010] As a further aspect of the invention, it also includes a spring energy storage device for releasing the spring force when power is off, driving all blades to close within a set time.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes a fall protection mechanism, which is a two-way latch lock disposed at both ends of the blade, used to automatically lock the blade when the impact force exceeds a threshold, so as to prevent it from detaching from the universal hinge.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the control system is configured to have a normal mode and an emergency mode. In normal mode, the blade angle is dynamically adjusted and heating is controlled based on environmental sensor data; In emergency mode, when the MEME accelerometer detects low-frequency vibrations above 5Hz, it triggers full blade closure and starts maximum power heating.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the control system employs a PID algorithm to adjust the output of the drive mechanism in real time based on the feedback data from the pressure sensor, thereby controlling the dynamic following of the blade angle.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The multi-layered dynamic buffer structure, composed of independently adjustable blades, can gradually disperse and reduce the kinetic energy of avalanches, effectively reducing local pressure and providing better protection than traditional rigid barriers.

[0015] It integrates an intelligent sensing and control system, which can automatically and quickly adjust the blade protection attitude and heating strategy based on real-time monitoring of snow layer dynamics, meteorological data and impact characteristics, realizing the transformation from passive protection to active predictive response.

[0016] The blades integrate heating, reinforcement, and low-friction surface treatment functions, which can effectively prevent ice and snow accumulation and structural freezing while resisting impact, thus improving the applicability and durability of the device in harsh environments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcing rib structure in this invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating in this invention.

[0022] In the attached diagram: 1-Multi-layer frame structure, 2-Anchor column, 3-MEME accelerometer, 4-Waterproof servo motor, 5-Blade, 6-Universal hinge, 7-PTFE coating, 8-Piezoelectric pressure sensor, 9-Environmental sensor, 10-Reinforcing rib. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0027] Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention provides a louvered avalanche prevention device, the louvered avalanche prevention device comprising: A multi-layer frame structure 1, wherein the multi-layer frame structure 1 is fixed to the ground by anchor columns 2; The blade 5 is connected to the multi-layer frame structure 1 via a universal hinge 6. Its tilt angle can be independently and continuously adjusted between 0° and 60° with an adjustment accuracy of ±1°. Multiple blades 5 are provided in each layer of the multi-layer frame structure 1. A drive mechanism for adjusting the tilt angle of the blade 5, the drive mechanism being connected to the blade 5; A sensor array, wherein the sensors are mounted on a multi-layer frame structure 1; The system is electrically connected to both the sensor group and the drive mechanism, and is used to control the action of the drive mechanism based on the data from the sensor group.

[0028] In this embodiment, the present invention is applicable to the protection of mountain roads with a slope greater than 30°; The multi-layer frame structure 1 uses square steel or aluminum alloy profiles (50mm×50mm cross section). The frame is internally reserved with sensor wire grooves and power supply pipes. It is divided into 3-5 layers in the vertical direction, each layer is independently controlled, and the layer spacing is 1.2 times the width of blade 5 (for example, blade width 250mm, layer spacing 300mm).

[0029] In a more specific example, the sensor group includes a piezoelectric pressure sensor 8 (range 0-50 kPa) for monitoring snow load, a MEMS accelerometer 3 (sampling rate 1 kHz) for detecting impact vibration, and an environmental sensor 9 for monitoring environmental parameters. The environmental sensor 9 integrates temperature, humidity, wind speed, and snow depth radar, and the data is transmitted wirelessly to the control center via LoRa. The piezoelectric pressure sensor 8 is disposed at the top of the multi-layer frame structure 1, and the MEMS accelerometer 3 is disposed at the bottom of the multi-layer frame structure 1.

[0030] In a more specific example, the blade 5 has a streamlined airfoil section (similar to an airfoil), with a large curvature on the upper surface to guide the snow flow to be diverted, and a flat lower surface to enhance impact resistance. The blade 5 is embedded with an electric heating element and a reinforcing structure, and the surface of the blade 5 is covered with a low-friction coating. The electric heating element is a serpentine heating wire with a power density of 50-80W / m2; the outer layer of the serpentine heating wire is covered with a thermally conductive silicone layer to ensure uniform heating (preventing local overheating). The low-friction coating is a polytetrafluoroethylene coating 7 with a friction coefficient ≤0.1, which reduces snow adhesion. The reinforcing structure is a reinforcing rib 10, which is arranged in multiple sets at intervals within the blade 5, with a spacing of 150-200mm and a bending strength ≥200MPa. The blade 5 is made of carbon fiber composite material, and the interior of the blade 5 has a honeycomb sandwich structure.

[0031] The length of a single blade is customized according to the width of the protected area (standard module recommended 1.5-3m), the width is 200-300mm, and the thickness is 8-12mm (carbon fiber composite material) or 10-15mm (aluminum alloy).

[0032] In a more specific example, the drive mechanism includes a waterproof servo motor 4, a worm gear reducer, and a transmission link. The waterproof servo motor 4 is mounted on a multi-layer frame structure 1, and the waterproof servo motor 4 drives the transmission link through the worm gear reducer to synchronously adjust the angle of all blades 5 in that layer.

[0033] The transmission linkage adopts a stainless steel double linkage synchronization system, connecting all blades on the same layer to ensure angle synchronization (error < 0.5°).

[0034] In a more specific example, a spring energy storage device is also included to release the spring force when power is lost, driving all blades 5 to close within a set time.

[0035] In a more specific example, a fall arrest mechanism is also included, which is a two-way latch lock located at both ends of the blade 5, used to automatically lock the blade 5 when the impact force exceeds a threshold, so as to prevent it from detaching from the universal hinge 6.

[0036] In a more specific example, the control system is configured to have a normal mode and an emergency mode: In normal mode, the blade angle is dynamically adjusted and heating is controlled based on data from environmental sensor 9 (e.g., maintaining a 30° flow split during heavy snow and starting heating at low temperatures). In emergency mode, when MEME accelerometer 3 detects low-frequency vibration (avalanche characteristic frequency) above 5Hz, it triggers the blades 5 to fully close and starts maximum power heating. The control system employs a PID algorithm to adjust the output of the drive mechanism in real time based on the feedback data from the pressure sensor 8, thereby controlling the dynamic following of the blade angle (response time ≤ 2 seconds).

[0037] In a more specific example, the multi-layer frame structure 1 and the blade 5 are prefabricated modules, connected on-site by pins and flanges; each blade 5 is equipped with a quick-release buckle.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, an energy and thermal management module is also included: Power supply system: Main power supply: 380V AC, connected through a waterproof junction box; Backup power: Built-in lithium battery pack (48V / 100Ah), supporting 2 hours of operation in emergency mode.

[0039] Heating control: Independent zone control; when the temperature is below -5℃, the low temperature antifreeze mode is activated (maintaining the surface temperature of the blades at 5-10℃); when snow accumulation is detected, the temperature is raised to 20-30℃ to accelerate snow melting.

[0040] The impact resistance simulation results of this invention are as follows: Avalanche impact was simulated using finite element analysis (FEA) (assuming a velocity of 10 m / s and a density of 300 kg / m³): Blade deformation: The maximum stress is concentrated at the hinge (120MPa for aluminum alloy blades and 80MPa for carbon fiber blades), both of which are lower than the material yield strength. Energy dissipation: The layered blade structure can reduce impact kinetic energy by more than 60%, and the remaining energy is transferred to the foundation through the frame.

[0041] The multi-layer frame structure 1 and blades 5 of this invention are prefabricated in units of 5m×3m and connected on site by pins and flanges. A team of 6 people can complete the installation within 4 hours.

[0042] Each blade has a quick-release clip, which can be replaced individually if damaged; the waterproof servo motor and sensor assembly are equipped with a waterproof maintenance compartment.

[0043] In summary, this invention achieves a balance between protection efficiency and reliability through a comprehensive solution combining layered buffering, intelligent response, and thermal assistance.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A louvered avalanche prevention device, comprising a multi-layer frame structure (1), wherein the multi-layer frame structure (1) is fixed to the ground by anchor columns (2), characterized in that, Also includes: The blade (5) is connected to the multi-layer frame structure (1) via a universal hinge (6). Its tilt angle can be independently and continuously adjusted between 0° and 60°. The blade (5) is provided with multiple blades in each layer of the multi-layer frame structure (1). A drive mechanism for adjusting the tilt angle of the blade (5), the drive mechanism being connected to the blade (5); A sensor array, wherein the sensors are mounted on a multi-layer frame structure (1); The system is electrically connected to both the sensor group and the drive mechanism, and is used to control the action of the drive mechanism based on the data from the sensor group.

2. The louvered avalanche prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor group includes a piezoelectric pressure sensor (8) for monitoring snow load, a MEMS accelerometer (3) for detecting shock vibration, and an environmental sensor (9) for monitoring environmental parameters. The piezoelectric pressure sensor (8) is located on the top of the multi-layer frame structure (1), and the MEMS accelerometer (3) is located on the bottom of the multi-layer frame structure (1).

3. The louvered avalanche prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade (5) has a streamlined airfoil cross section, and the blade (5) is embedded with an electric heating element and a reinforcing structure. The surface of the blade (5) is covered with a low-friction coating.

4. The louvered avalanche prevention device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electric heating element is a serpentine heating wire with a power density of 50-80W / m2; The low-friction coating is a polytetrafluoroethylene coating (7).

5. The louvered avalanche prevention device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reinforcing structure is a reinforcing rib (10), and multiple sets of the reinforcing rib (10) are arranged at intervals within the blade (5); The blade (5) is made of carbon fiber composite material and has a honeycomb sandwich structure inside.

6. The louvered avalanche prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a waterproof servo motor (4), a worm gear reducer and a transmission link. The waterproof servo motor (4) is mounted on a multi-layer frame structure (1), and the waterproof servo motor (4) drives the transmission link through the worm gear reducer to synchronously adjust the angle of all blades (5) in the layer.

7. The louvered avalanche prevention device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a spring energy storage device for releasing the spring force when the power is off, driving all blades (5) to close within a set time.

8. The louvered avalanche prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fall protection mechanism, which is a two-way latch lock set at both ends of the blade (5) to automatically lock the blade (5) when the impact force exceeds the threshold, so as to prevent it from detaching from the universal hinge (6).

9. The louvered avalanche prevention device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control system is configured to have a normal mode and an emergency mode: In normal mode, the blade angle is dynamically adjusted and heating is controlled based on data from the environmental sensor (9); In emergency mode, when the MEME accelerometer (3) detects low-frequency vibration with a frequency of 5Hz or higher, it triggers the blades (5) to close completely and starts maximum power heating.

10. The louvered avalanche prevention device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control system uses a PID algorithm to adjust the output of the drive mechanism in real time based on the feedback data from the pressure sensor (8), thereby controlling the dynamic following of the blade angle.

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