Soft soil layer hole collapse prevention device for geotechnical engineering investigation

Abstract

The invention discloses a soft soil layer hole collapse prevention device for geotechnical engineering investigation. The soft soil layer hole collapse prevention device comprises a plurality of protective suites and a supporting assembly, wherein the protective suites are connected end to end up and down and located in an exploration hole, and the supporting assembly is located at the top of the exploration hole and detachably connected with the tops of the protective suites. Each set of protective suite comprises a plurality of main rods located on the same circle and a plurality of sets of protective assemblies alternately distributed with the main rods, the protective assemblies are arranged in a deformation mode and detachably connected with the adjacent main rods, and connecting assemblies are arranged at the upper ends and the lower ends of the main rods correspondingly. The connecting assembly is connected with the main rods distributed up and down and limits the relative positions of the multiple main rods. The protective suite comprises the main rods evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the protective suite, the connecting assemblies are installed at the ends of the multiple main rods, and the adjacent main rods can be controlled to be stably placed under the action of the connecting assemblies; meanwhile, the protection assemblies are mounted between the adjacent main rods, and the protection assemblies are in a straightened state under the action of the main rods, so that an exploration sampling space is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hole protection technology, specifically to a hole-prevention device for weak soil layers used in geotechnical engineering investigation. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering construction, geological investigation is the prerequisite and foundation for ensuring the safe and stable progress of projects. Through geotechnical engineering investigation, key information such as the geological conditions, soil characteristics, rock strata distribution, and hydrological conditions of the project site can be accurately grasped, providing a scientific basis for the design, construction plan formulation, and subsequent operation and maintenance of the project. In geotechnical engineering investigations, drilling into soil and rock strata is a core and essential operation. Drilling allows researchers to directly penetrate the underground soil and rock layers, facilitating sampling and observation of the underlying soil and rock mass. Laboratory analysis of the obtained soil and rock samples can determine important parameters such as the soil's physical and mechanical properties, chemical composition, and bearing capacity. Furthermore, observation and testing within the boreholes reveal information about the structural characteristics of the soil and rock mass, the development of fissures, and the state of groundwater. This data is crucial for assessing the suitability of engineering sites and identifying potential risks in engineering construction. However, in actual exploration work, especially in areas with weak soil layers, existing sampling observation wells face serious collapse problems during use. Weak soil layers are typically characterized by low strength, high compressibility, poor permeability, and high water content, resulting in poor inherent stability. During drilling and subsequent use, they are highly susceptible to collapse due to various geological and environmental factors. Geologically, the cohesion between soil particles within weak soil layers is insufficient. After borehole formation, the surrounding soil and rock mass loses its original equilibrium state and is prone to deformation and collapse under its own weight. Furthermore, the presence of lenses, interlayers, or other heterogeneous geological structures within the soil layer can also lead to uneven stress on the borehole wall, exacerbating the risk of collapse. Environmental factors are equally important. For example, the role of groundwater: when the groundwater level changes or there is dynamic water pressure, it will cause erosion and seepage on the borehole wall, damaging the stability of the borehole wall. In addition, environmental factors such as external construction vibration, changes in surrounding loads, and fluctuations in soil moisture content caused by climate change will further reduce the structural stability of the sampling observation borehole, leading to the collapse of the borehole wall. The collapse of sampling observation wells directly impairs their function, preventing the normal sampling and observation testing. Once a collapse occurs, not only will the obtained exploration data become invalid, affecting the accuracy and completeness of the exploration results, but secondary drilling will also be required, undoubtedly increasing the cost and timeframe of the exploration work. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for preventing collapse of boreholes in weak soil layers for geotechnical engineering exploration, aiming to improve the problem of lack of protection for exploration boreholes in areas with weak soil layers.

[0004] The present invention is implemented as follows: a hole-prevention device for weak soil layers in geotechnical engineering exploration, comprising multiple sets of protective kits connected end to end and located inside the exploration hole, and a support assembly located at the top of the exploration hole and detachably connected to the top of the protective kit; each set of protective kits includes multiple main rods located on the same circle and multiple sets of protective components alternately distributed with the multiple main rods, the protective components are deformably set and detachably connected to adjacent main rods, and connecting components are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the multiple main rods, the connecting components connecting the upper and lower distributed main rods and restricting the relative positions of the multiple main rods.

[0005] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes an upper connector and a lower connector that are connected vertically. The upper connector and the lower connector have countersunk holes on their sidewalls that are close to each other. A second connecting cylinder with a T-shaped structure is provided through the countersunk holes.

[0006] Preferably, the portion of the second connecting cylinder that protrudes from the upper or lower connecting member is provided with a threaded groove, and a threaded structure is provided at the end of the main rod, with the end of the main rod threadedly inserted into the second connecting cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the protective component includes a protective net and sleeves evenly distributed on the two vertical edges of the protective net. The sleeves are fitted onto the main pole and are detachably connected to the protective net.

[0008] Preferably, an inner rod is provided through the edge tube at the edge of the protective net, and clamping arc plates are symmetrically provided on the outside of the sleeve. The central angle of the clamping arc plates is greater than 180°, and both the edge tube and the inner rod are provided through the clamping arc plates.

[0009] Preferably, multiple brake holes are provided on the main rod along its height direction, and a brake bolt is provided through the sleeve, with the end of the brake bolt inserted into a brake hole.

[0010] Preferably, the support assembly includes a support body, which includes an annular plate, multiple flip plates disposed on the inner side of the annular plate, and a first connecting cylinder threaded onto a stud at the end of the flip plate; the first connecting cylinder is also configured as a T-shaped structure, and the bottom of the first connecting cylinder passes through a countersunk hole of the connecting assembly; side plates that are paired with the flip plates are fixedly disposed on the inner side of the annular plate, and the flip plates are hinged to the upper edge of the adjacent end of the side plates.

[0011] Preferably, multiple perforations are provided on the annular plate, and an embedded rod is inserted through each perforation. The diameter of the embedded rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the perforation. Two nuts are fitted on the threaded area at the top of the embedded rod, and the two nuts are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the annular plate.

[0012] Preferably, the support assembly further includes a braking element, which includes a sector frame, a braking end located at one end of the sector frame, and a fitting end installed at the other end of the sector frame. The fitting end is hinged to the upper edge of the annular plate and is fitted to the inner sidewall of the annular plate.

[0013] Preferably, a support plate is fixedly installed on the outside of the annular plate, and a lifting assembly is installed on the support plate. The lifting assembly is configured as an L-shaped structure, and a lifting mechanism is installed on the horizontal section of the lifting assembly. The free end of the lifting rope and a controller are provided below the lifting mechanism.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The protective kit of this invention includes main rods evenly distributed along their circumference, and connecting components are installed at the ends of multiple main rods. The connecting components can control the stable placement of adjacent main rods. At the same time, protective components are installed between adjacent main rods, and the protective components are kept taut under the action of the main rods, thereby forming an exploration and sampling space and reducing the impact of soil and rock collapse in the borehole on exploration and sampling.

[0015] The connecting component of this invention is detachably connected to the main rod, and the protective component is designed as a deformable structure. This allows the main rod and the protective component to be detached and stored together when the protective kit is not needed to protect the borehole, thereby reducing the space occupied during transportation and storage and lowering the cost of borehole exploration. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the entire invention; Figure 2 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the entire invention; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support body of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the braking component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting component, protective component, and main rod of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the connecting component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the connecting component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective component of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the main rod of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Lifting assembly; 11. Vertical beam; 12. Hinge frame; 13. Horizontal beam; 14. Diagonal tie rod; 15. Lifting mechanism; 16. Lifting rope; 17. Controller; 2. Support assembly; 21. Support body; 211. Annular plate; 212. Perforation; 213. Support plate; 214. Side plate; 215. Flip plate; 216. Stud; 217. First connecting cylinder; 22. Embedded rod; 23. Braking component; 231. Sector frame; 232. Braking end; 233. Fitting end; 3. Connecting assembly; 31. Upper connecting piece; 32. Lower connecting piece; 33. Countersunk hole; 34. Second connecting cylinder; 4. Protective assembly; 41. Inner rod; 42. Side cylinder; 43. Protective net; 44. Sleeve; 45. Clamping arc plate; 5. Main rod; 51. Braking hole; 52. Threaded structure. Detailed Implementation

[0018] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides further details: Example

[0020] To prevent exploration boreholes from collapsing, especially those located in soft soil areas, this embodiment provides a device for borehole protection.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the device includes a support assembly 2 and multiple sets of protective kits. After the exploration borehole is completed, the support assembly 2 is installed on the top of the borehole, and then a corresponding number of protective kits are installed into the borehole in sequence. The sampling area is formed by multiple sets of protective kits connected end to end, and the sidewalls of the borehole are resisted to prevent them from collapsing.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, during the installation of the protective kit into the borehole, once most of it is inside the borehole, the support component 2 brakes the protective kit, ensuring its stable top protrudes above the ground. Then, another protective kit is placed on top of the lower protective kit, achieving stable installation of both sets. Repeating these steps allows for protection while multiple protective kits are installed in the borehole. After the last protective kit is installed, its top is connected to the support component 2, thereby controlling the multiple protective kits to protect the borehole sidewalls.

[0023] Typically, protective components used to prevent borehole collapse are pipes connected end to end. Because the diameter of the pipe is fixed and its state cannot be adjusted, it occupies a large space when using engineering vehicles to move the pipe, which is not conducive to the simultaneous transfer of other equipment. This means that multiple engineering vehicles are needed to complete the transfer of drilling equipment and protective devices, resulting in high costs.

[0024] like Figure 7 As shown, to facilitate the transfer of the protective kit and minimize its space occupation, each protective kit includes multiple main rods 5 and multiple sets of protective components 4. The main rods 5 are evenly distributed on the same circle, and connecting components 3 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of each main rod 5. The connecting components 3 not only ensure the relatively stable placement of adjacent main rods 5 but also stably connect two sets of protective kits distributed vertically, thereby ensuring the strength of the protective kit. In the same protective kit, the multiple sets of protective components 4 are alternately distributed with the main rods 5, with one set of protective components 4 located between two main rods 5. The protective components 4 are deformable and detachably connected to adjacent main rods 5. This arrangement allows the connecting components 3 to be disassembled when the protective kit is not in use, and the main rods 5 and protective components 4 to be gathered and stored, reducing the space occupied during storage. When the connecting components 3 are installed at the ends of the main rods 5 and the main rods 5 are stably installed, the protective components 4 are in a taut state, effectively preventing material detached from the borehole wall from entering the space formed by the protective kit, reducing the impact on engineering exploration.

[0025] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, specifically, the connecting component 3 includes an upper connector 31 and a lower connector 32 that are distributed vertically and connected by bolts. The upper connector 31 and the lower connector 32 are provided with countersunk holes 33 on their side walls that are close to each other. A second connecting cylinder 34 with a T-shaped structure is provided through the countersunk hole 33. This arrangement enables the second connecting cylinder 34 to be rotatably connected to the upper connector 31 or the lower connector 32, thereby making it easier for the operator to hold a wrench to control the rotation of the second connecting cylinder 34 and providing support for connecting the second connecting cylinder 34 to the main rod 5.

[0026] like Figure 9 , Figure 11As shown, the portion of the second connecting cylinder 34 that protrudes from the upper connecting member 31 or the lower connecting member 32 is provided with a threaded slot, and a threaded structure 52 is provided at the end of the main rod 5. The end of the main rod 5 is threadedly inserted into the second connecting cylinder 34, thereby realizing the detachable connection between the main rod 5 and the second connecting cylinder 34, thus realizing the end-to-end connection of adjacent protective kits.

[0027] like Figure 10 As shown, specifically, the protective component 4 includes a protective net 43 and sleeves 44 evenly distributed along the two vertical edges of the protective net 43. An inner rod 41 is inserted through the side tube 42 at the edge of the protective net 43. Two clamping arc plates 45 are symmetrically fixed on the outside of the sleeves 44, with a central angle greater than 180°. When assembling the protective component 4, the side tube 42 with the inner rod 41 is inserted through the clamping arc plates 45, i.e., the clamping arc plates 45 clamp the inner rod 41 and the side tube 42. Utilizing the structural characteristics of the clamping arc plates 45, a stable connection between the sleeves 44 and the protective net 43 is achieved, and convenient disassembly is provided as needed.

[0028] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, multiple braking holes 51 are provided along the height direction of the main rod 5. A braking bolt is installed through the sleeve 44, which is fitted onto the main rod 5. The end of the braking bolt is inserted into a braking hole 51, restricting the position of the protective net 43 relative to the main rod 5. Consequently, under the action of the adjacent main rod 5, the protective net 43 is pulled into a taut state. At the same time, the end of the inner rod 41 contacts the connecting assembly 3.

[0029] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, specifically, the support assembly 2 includes a support body 21, which includes an annular plate 211, multiple flip plates 215 disposed inside the annular plate 211, and a first connecting cylinder 217 threaded onto a stud 216 at the end of the flip plate 215. The first connecting cylinder 217 is also configured as a T-shaped structure, and its bottom passes through the countersunk hole 33 of the connecting assembly 3. Because the first connecting cylinder 217 is movably mounted on the uppermost connecting assembly 3, it is convenient for workers to use a wrench to rotate the first connecting cylinder 217 onto the stud 216, thereby connecting the uppermost connecting assembly 3 and the flip plate 215, and thus stably supporting the protective kit after the annular plate 211 is placed on the ground.

[0030] like Figure 5As shown, since the end of the flip plate 215 extends above the protective kit, to avoid the presence of the flip plate 215 affecting the disassembly and assembly of the protective kit, a side plate 214 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the annular plate 211, which is paired with the flip plate 215. The upper edges of the flip plate 215 and the side plate 214 are hinged together. With the flip plate 215 and the side plate 214 stably connected, the flip plate 215 can be stably placed by the contact between the end faces of the flip plate 215 and the side plate 214, thereby supporting the stable installation of the protective kit. When it is necessary to disassemble the protective kit, the flip plate 215 is controlled to rotate around the rear to leave a channel for the lifting and lowering of the protective kit.

[0031] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, to stably install the annular plate 211 on the ground, multiple through holes 212 are provided on the annular plate 211. An embedded rod 22 is inserted through each through hole 212, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 212. When the annular plate 211 is installed on the ground, the embedded rod 22 is inserted into the ground. The top of the embedded rod 22 protruding from the ground has a threaded structure, and two nuts are fitted at the top and bottom of the threaded area. The two nuts are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the annular plate 211, and the engagement of the two nuts controls the annular plate 211 to be stably positioned at a certain height. Because the diameter of the through hole 212 is larger than the diameter of the embedded rod 22, the position of the two nuts can be adjusted to change the state of the annular plate 211, for example, to make it horizontal, thereby stably supporting the protective kit. Example

[0032] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, in order to brake a protective kit during the disassembly process so that its top protrudes stably from the support assembly, thereby facilitating the disassembly and assembly of adjacent protective kits, the support assembly 2 further includes a braking element 23. The braking element 23 includes a sector frame 231, a braking end 232 located at one end of the sector frame 231, and a contact end 233 installed at the other end of the sector frame 231. The contact end 233 is hinged to the upper edge of the annular plate 211, and the contact end 233 is fitted against the inner wall of the annular plate 211. When the protective kit is entering or exiting the drill hole, if it is necessary to control the protective kit to remain stationary, the braking element 23 is flipped so that the braking end 232 contacts the protective kit, and the edge sleeve 44 of the braking end 232 is engaged, thereby achieving braking of the protective kit. If braking of the protective kit is not required, the braking element 23 is simply flipped in the opposite direction. Example

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, based on Embodiment 1 or 2, to facilitate the lifting and lowering of the protective kit for its entry and exit from the borehole, a support plate 213 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the annular plate 211. A lifting assembly 1 is installed on the support plate 213. The lifting assembly 1 is configured as an L-shaped structure consisting of a vertical beam 11 and a horizontal beam 13. The horizontal beam 13 is installed on the top of the vertical beam 11 via a hinge frame 12, and the upper end of the inclined tie rod 14, which is inclined above the horizontal beam 13, is also connected to the hinge frame 12. This configuration allows the horizontal beam 13 to rotate around a vertical axis. A lifting mechanism 15 is slidably installed on the horizontal beam 13. The lifting mechanism 15 typically includes a winch, a wire rope (also called a lifting rope 16), a pulley block, a hook device, etc. A controller 17 is also provided below the lifting mechanism 15. When it is necessary to control the lifting and lowering of the protective kit, the hook device is connected to the top of the protective kit, and the lifting and lowering of the protective kit can be controlled by operating the controller 17.

[0034] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing collapse of weak soil layers in geotechnical engineering investigation, characterized in that, It includes multiple protective kits connected end to end and located inside the exploration hole, and a support assembly (2) located at the top of the exploration hole and detachably connected to the top of the protective kit; each protective kit includes multiple main rods (5) located on the same circle and multiple sets of protective components (4) distributed alternately with the multiple main rods (5). The protective components (4) are deformably set and detachably connected to the adjacent main rods (5). Connecting components (3) are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the multiple main rods (5). The connecting components (3) connect the upper and lower distributed main rods (5) and restrict the relative positions of the multiple main rods (5).

2. The anti-collapse hole device for soft soil layers used in geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting component (3) includes an upper connector (31) and a lower connector (32) that are connected vertically. The upper connector (31) and the lower connector (32) are provided with countersunk holes (33) on their sidewalls that are close to each other. A second connecting cylinder (34) with a T-shaped structure is provided through the countersunk hole (33).

3. The anti-collapse hole device for weak soil layers used in geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The portion of the second connecting cylinder (34) that protrudes from the upper connecting member (31) or the lower connecting member (32) is provided with a threaded hole groove, and a threaded structure (52) is provided at the end of the main rod (5), and the end of the main rod (5) is threadedly inserted into the second connecting cylinder (34).

4. The anti-collapse hole device for soft soil layers used in geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective component (4) includes a protective net (43) and sleeves (44) evenly distributed on the two vertical edges of the protective net (43). The sleeves (44) are fitted onto the main rod (5) and are detachably connected to the protective net (43).

5. A device for preventing collapse of weak soil layers in geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 4, characterized in that, An inner rod (41) is provided through the edge tube (42) of the protective net (43), and a clamping arc plate (45) is symmetrically provided on the outside of the sleeve (44). The central angle of the clamping arc plate (45) is greater than 180°, and both the edge tube (42) and the inner rod (41) are provided through the clamping arc plate (45).

6. A device for preventing collapse of weak soil layers in geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple brake holes (51) are provided on the main rod (5) along its height direction, and a brake bolt is provided through the sleeve (44), with the end of the brake bolt inserted into a brake hole (51).

7. A device for preventing collapse of weak soil layers in geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly (2) includes a support body (21), which includes an annular plate (211), multiple flip plates (215) disposed inside the annular plate (211), and a first connecting cylinder (217) threaded onto a stud (216) at the end of the flip plate (215). The first connecting cylinder (217) is also configured as a T-shaped structure, and the bottom of the first connecting cylinder (217) is provided through the countersunk hole (33) of the connecting assembly (3). Side plates (214) that are paired with the flip plates (215) are fixedly disposed inside the annular plate (211), and the upper edge of the flip plate (215) and the side plate (214) are hinged together.

8. A device for preventing collapse of weak soil layers in geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 7, characterized in that, Multiple through holes (212) are provided on the annular plate (211), and an embedded rod (22) is provided through each through hole (212). The diameter of the embedded rod (22) is smaller than the diameter of the through hole (212). Two nuts are fitted on the threaded area at the top of the embedded rod (22), and the two nuts are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the annular plate (211).

9. A device for preventing collapse of weak soil layers in geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support assembly (2) further includes a braking component (23), which includes a sector frame (231), a braking end (232) located at one end of the sector frame (231), and a fitting end (233) installed at the other end of the sector frame (231). The fitting end (233) is hinged to the upper edge of the annular plate (211), and the fitting end (233) is fitted to the inner wall of the annular plate (211).

10. A device for preventing collapse of weak soil layers in geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 7, characterized in that, A support plate (213) is fixedly installed on the outside of the annular plate (211). A lifting assembly (1) is installed on the support plate (213). The lifting assembly (1) is configured as an L-shaped structure. A lifting mechanism (15) is installed on the horizontal section of the lifting assembly (1). The free end of the lifting rope (16) and a controller (17) are provided below the lifting mechanism (15).

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