Submarine topography elevation measurement method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of submarine topography surveying and mapping, and discloses a submarine topography elevation measurement method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: determining a fixed reference difference, namely a first reference difference, between a first geoid and a second geoid according to monitoring data of a tide gauge station; calculating the reference difference between a second geoid and a reference ellipsoid at a plurality of positions of the engineering area, i.e., a second reference difference, and solving a comprehensive reference difference through a fitting mode; and finally, calculating a submarine topography elevation value taking the first geoid as the benchmark at the target position by combining the water depth at the target position and the sea water surface elevation value taking the reference ellipsoid as the benchmark. The deployment problem caused by severe sea conditions and complex submarine topography is avoided, the equipment cost is reduced, and the surveying and mapping efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seabed topographic mapping technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for measuring seabed topographic elevation. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing global emphasis on clean energy and marine resource development, marine engineering construction has entered a period of rapid development. Among these, the large-scale planning and construction of offshore wind farms is particularly prominent. From site selection, design, and construction to subsequent operation and maintenance, every stage of these projects relies on high-precision, high-resolution seabed topographic data. Accurate seabed topographic maps are fundamental to ensuring the safe design of wind turbine foundations, the planning of submarine cable routes, the safe operation of construction vessels, and the assessment of seabed stability. Therefore, marine engineering, especially the offshore wind power industry which is continuously expanding into the deep sea, places high demands on the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of seabed topographic mapping.

[0003] The basic principle of seabed topographic mapping can be simplified to: Seabed elevation = Instantaneous sea surface elevation - Seawater depth. Currently, the mainstream traditional methods for obtaining instantaneous sea surface elevation mainly rely on synchronous tide gauges and residual water level transfer technology. These methods are relatively mature in nearshore areas, but as marine engineering operations continue to extend into the open sea and deep sea, their inherent limitations are becoming increasingly prominent, becoming a technical bottleneck restricting high-precision seabed topographic mapping and failing to meet the urgent needs of modern deep-sea engineering for seabed topographic mapping. Their limitations are mainly manifested in: ① Accuracy reduction: Synchronous tide gauges and residual water level transfer are essentially a "near-to-far" water level correction method. The farther the distance from the shore, the weaker the correlation between the shore tide gauge station and the water level in the engineering area, and the greater the error generated by spatial interpolation and transfer, leading to a significant reduction in transfer accuracy. ② Difficult and costly equipment deployment: In open sea areas, short-term tide level observations are required using drop pressure tide gauges. This method suffers from the problems of easy equipment loss and difficulty in retrieval, resulting in direct economic losses. At the same time, the harsh sea conditions also greatly increase the risks and difficulties of equipment deployment, data accuracy, and retrieval operations. ③ Insufficient observation period: Drop-type pressure tide gauges can usually only conduct short-term observations, and the data they acquire is difficult to reflect the complete tidal and meteorological change cycle. This may lead to an imperfect water level correction model, ultimately affecting the continuous observation and benchmark consistency of marine engineering throughout its entire life cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for measuring seabed topography and elevation, which solves the problems of accuracy degradation, difficult and costly equipment deployment, and insufficient observation period faced by traditional methods when mapping seabed topography in deep-sea areas. It reduces equipment costs and deployment complexity while ensuring mapping accuracy.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for measuring seabed topography elevation, comprising: acquiring the average sea surface elevation value based on a first geoid and the average sea surface elevation value based on a second geoid at a tide gauge station location; calculating a fixed reference difference between the first geoid and the second geoid at the tide gauge station location, as a first reference difference; acquiring the average sea surface elevation value based on a reference ellipsoid and the average sea surface elevation value based on a second geoid at multiple locations within an engineering area; calculating the reference difference between the second geoid and the reference ellipsoid at each location, as a second reference difference; based on the first reference difference and the second reference difference at each location, solving the reference difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at a target location by fitting, as a comprehensive reference difference; acquiring the water depth and the sea surface elevation value based on the reference ellipsoid at the target location; and calculating the seabed topography elevation value based on the first geoid at the target location by combining the comprehensive reference difference at the target location.

[0006] This invention first determines the fixed datum difference between the first and second geoids, i.e., the first datum difference, based on monitoring data from tide gauge stations. Then, it calculates the datum difference between the second geoid and the reference ellipsoid at multiple locations in the engineering area, i.e., the second datum difference. Next, it solves the comprehensive datum difference through fitting. Finally, by combining the water depth at the target location and the sea surface elevation value based on the reference ellipsoid, the seabed topographic elevation value based on the first geoid at the target location can be calculated. This invention only requires the deployment of one tide gauge station, effectively breaking through the mapping bottleneck of traditional methods in deep-sea areas. It can complete seabed topographic mapping and obtain the seabed topographic elevation based on the first geoid using only the data from one tide gauge station and subsequent calculation models. It eliminates the need for large-scale deployment of expensive equipment such as tide gauges in deep-sea areas, avoids the deployment difficulties caused by harsh sea conditions and complex seabed topography, reduces equipment costs, and improves mapping efficiency.

[0007] In addition, this invention significantly shortens the observation cycle, reduces on-site observation work, and enables efficient and rapid data processing, providing timely key data information for marine engineering operations.

[0008] In one optional implementation, the method for obtaining the average sea level elevation at the location of the tide gauge station relative to the first geoid is as follows: the average sea level elevation at the location of the tide gauge station is measured by tide gauge instruments deployed at the tide gauge station, thereby obtaining the average sea level elevation at the location of the tide gauge station relative to the first geoid.

[0009] In one optional implementation, the method for obtaining the average sea surface elevation at the location of the tide gauge station relative to the first geoid is as follows: obtaining a steady-state sea surface topography model relative to the second geoid; and obtaining the average sea surface elevation at the location of the tide gauge station relative to the second geoid from the steady-state sea surface topography model by interpolation.

[0010] In one optional implementation, the method for obtaining the average sea surface elevation values ​​at multiple locations within the engineering area based on a reference ellipsoid and the average sea surface elevation values ​​based on a second geoid is as follows: obtaining a sea surface height model based on the reference ellipsoid and a steady-state sea surface topography model based on the second geoid; obtaining the average sea surface elevation values ​​at multiple locations within the engineering area based on the reference ellipsoid from the sea surface height model using interpolation, and obtaining the average sea surface elevation values ​​at multiple locations within the engineering area based on the second geoid from the steady-state sea surface topography model.

[0011] In one optional implementation, the step of solving the benchmark difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location as a comprehensive benchmark difference by fitting based on the first benchmark difference and the second benchmark differences at each location includes: performing parameter fitting based on the second benchmark differences at each location and the coordinates at each location, using a quadratic polynomial as the basic model, to obtain a second benchmark difference solution model; inputting the coordinates at the target location into the second benchmark difference solution model to obtain the second benchmark difference at the target location; and summing the first benchmark difference and the second benchmark difference at the target location to obtain the benchmark difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location, which is then used as the comprehensive benchmark difference.

[0012] In this embodiment, firstly, based on the accurately obtained second benchmark difference at each location, a quadratic polynomial is used as the basic model for parameter simulation to obtain the final solution model. Then, the coordinates of the target location are accurately input into this solution model. The model can then quickly and accurately calculate the second benchmark difference at the target location based on the parameters obtained from the previous fitting. This embodiment fully utilizes the previously acquired location information and, through the establishment and calculation of the mathematical model, achieves high-precision interpolation from discrete data to continuous space. This greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of solving for the second benchmark difference at the target location, providing reliable benchmark difference data for marine engineering, especially in deep-sea areas, and ensuring accurate seabed topography and elevation for subsequent acquisition.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the method for obtaining the water depth at the target location and the sea surface elevation based on the reference ellipsoid is as follows: measuring the water depth at the target location using a marine depth sounding device; and measuring the sea surface elevation at the target location based on the reference ellipsoid using GNSS technology.

[0014] In one optional implementation, the step of obtaining the water depth and sea surface elevation value based on the reference ellipsoid at the target location, and combining the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location to calculate the seabed topographic elevation value based on the first geoid at the target location, involves the following method: subtracting the sea surface elevation value based on the reference ellipsoid at the target location from the water depth at the target location to obtain the seabed topographic elevation value based on the reference ellipsoid at the target location; and subtracting the seabed topographic elevation value based on the reference ellipsoid at the target location from the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location to obtain the seabed topographic elevation value based on the first geoid at the target location.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides a seabed topographic elevation measurement device, comprising: a first benchmark difference calculation module, used to acquire the average sea level elevation value based on a first geoid and the average sea level elevation value based on a second geoid at the location of a tide gauge station, and to calculate a fixed benchmark difference between the first geoid and the second geoid at the location of the tide gauge station, as the first benchmark difference; and a second benchmark difference calculation module, used to acquire the average sea level elevation value based on a reference ellipsoid and the average sea level elevation value based on the second geoid at multiple locations within the engineering area. The system calculates the second geoid elevation value, the reference difference between the second geoid and the reference ellipsoid at each location, and uses this as the second reference difference. The comprehensive reference difference solution module is used to solve the reference difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location by fitting the first reference difference and the second reference difference at each location, and uses this as the comprehensive reference difference. The seabed elevation conversion module is used to obtain the water depth and the sea surface elevation value based on the reference ellipsoid at the target location, and calculate the seabed topographic elevation value based on the first geoid at the target location by combining the comprehensive reference difference at the target location.

[0016] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the seabed topography elevation measurement method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above.

[0017] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the seabed topographic elevation measurement method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first process of a seabed topography elevation measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second process of the seabed topography elevation measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third process of the seabed topography and elevation measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a seabed topography and elevation measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in the present invention and their authorization should be obtained in accordance with relevant laws and regulations through appropriate means.

[0022] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] The rapid development of marine engineering construction and the offshore wind power industry have placed high demands on seabed topographic mapping. Currently, the mainstream traditional methods for obtaining instantaneous sea surface elevation rely on synchronous tide gauges and residual water level transfer technology, which can be used for measurements near the coast. However, as the operating area extends to the open sea and deep sea, their limitations become increasingly apparent, including accuracy degradation, difficulties and high costs in equipment deployment, and insufficient observation periods, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern deep-sea engineering. Therefore, this invention provides a seabed topographic elevation measurement method, device, electronic equipment, and storage medium to solve the problems of accuracy degradation, difficulties and high costs in equipment deployment, and insufficient observation periods faced by traditional methods in deep-sea topographic mapping. It reduces equipment costs and deployment complexity while ensuring mapping accuracy.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for measuring seabed topography and elevation is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0025] This embodiment provides a method for measuring seabed topography and elevation. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a seabed topography elevation measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S101: Obtain the average sea level elevation value based on the first geoid and the average sea level elevation value based on the second geoid at the location of the tide gauge station, and calculate the fixed reference difference between the first geoid and the second geoid at the location of the tide gauge station as the first reference difference.

[0026] The purpose of this step is to determine the fixed datum difference between the first and second geoids at the tide gauge station location, i.e., the first datum difference. This lays the foundation for accurately calculating the seabed topographic elevation value at the target location based on the first geoid. The tide gauge station is a pre-selected specific location used to observe changes in sea level. These locations are typically distributed along the coast or inshore areas and can accurately reflect the average height changes of the local sea level. This step usually only requires one tide gauge station and obtaining its monitoring data to calculate the first datum difference. In this step, the first and second geoids are reference surfaces under different reference systems. The difference between the two reference surfaces is relatively stable; therefore, in this embodiment, the first datum difference is considered a fixed datum difference, meaning it does not change with location.

[0027] Step S102: Obtain the average sea level elevation values ​​based on the reference ellipsoid and the average sea level elevation values ​​based on the second geoid at multiple locations within the engineering area. Calculate the reference difference between the second geoid and the reference ellipsoid at each location, and use it as the second reference difference.

[0028] The main purpose of this step is to determine the benchmark difference between the second geoid and the reference ellipsoid at multiple locations within the engineering area, i.e., the second benchmark difference. The difference between the reference ellipsoid and the second geoid is not fixed; that is, this benchmark difference changes with geographical location. Therefore, this step obtains the second benchmark difference at several locations, providing necessary data support for subsequently solving the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location through fitting.

[0029] Step S103: Based on the first reference difference and the second reference difference at each location, the reference difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location is solved by fitting, and used as the comprehensive reference difference.

[0030] This step, based on the first benchmark difference obtained in step S101 and the second benchmark difference at various locations within the engineering area obtained in step S102, accurately calculates the benchmark difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location through a fitting method; this is the comprehensive benchmark difference. This comprehensive benchmark difference is a key parameter for subsequent calculations of the seabed topographic elevation at the target location. Only by accurately obtaining it can the accuracy and reliability of the final measurement results be ensured. The method involved in this step overcomes the problems of accuracy attenuation, equipment deployment difficulties, and insufficient observation periods faced by traditional methods when measuring benchmark differences in offshore and deep-sea areas. By utilizing known data within the engineering area and fitting methods, the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location can be obtained more accurately and efficiently, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent accurate calculations of seabed topographic elevation values. This meets the urgent need of modern marine engineering for high-precision seabed topographic mapping and ensures the safe construction and operation of marine engineering projects.

[0031] Step S104: Obtain the water depth at the target location and the sea surface elevation based on the reference ellipsoid. Combine the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location to calculate the seabed topographic elevation based on the first geoid at the target location.

[0032] The first geoid is widely used as a benchmark for elevation measurement in fields such as geography and marine engineering. Obtaining the seabed topographic elevation value at the target location based on this benchmark can provide accurate basic data for marine engineering construction, marine resource development, and marine scientific research, ensuring the safe and efficient conduct of related projects and activities.

[0033] The seabed topography elevation measurement method provided in this embodiment is mainly used in engineering equipment or post-processing equipment. For example, it can be integrated into marine surveying equipment or depth sounding systems, or the collected data can be centrally processed. It can also be used on mobile phones and tablets for short periods or in emergencies. Specifically, this embodiment first determines the fixed datum difference between the first and second geoids, i.e., the first datum difference, based on monitoring data from the tide gauge station. Then, it calculates the datum difference between the second geoid and the reference ellipsoid at multiple locations within the engineering area, i.e., the second datum difference. Next, it solves for the comprehensive datum difference through fitting. Finally, by combining the water depth at the target location and the sea surface elevation based on the reference ellipsoid, the seabed topographic elevation at the target location, based on the first geoid, can be calculated. This method requires only one tide gauge station, effectively overcoming the mapping bottleneck of traditional methods in deep-sea areas. It can complete seabed topographic mapping and obtain the seabed topographic elevation based on the first geoid using only data from one tide gauge station and subsequent calculation models. This eliminates the need for large-scale deployment of expensive equipment such as tide gauges in deep-sea areas, avoiding deployment difficulties caused by harsh sea conditions and complex seabed topography, reducing equipment costs, and improving mapping efficiency. Furthermore, this invention significantly shortens the observation cycle, reduces on-site observation work, and provides efficient and rapid data processing, enabling timely provision of key data information for marine engineering operations.

[0034] This embodiment provides a method for measuring seabed topography and elevation. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a seabed topography elevation measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S201: Obtain the average sea level elevation value based on the first geoid and the average sea level elevation value based on the second geoid at the location of the tide gauge station, and calculate the fixed reference difference between the first geoid and the second geoid at the location of the tide gauge station as the first reference difference.

[0035] The method for obtaining the average sea level elevation at the location of the tide gauge station, with the first geoid as the reference, is as follows: the average sea level elevation at the location of the tide gauge station is measured by tide gauge instruments deployed at the tide gauge station, and the average sea level elevation at the location of the tide gauge station, with the first geoid as the reference, is obtained.

[0036] The method for obtaining the average sea surface elevation at the location of the tide gauge station based on the first geoid is as follows: obtain a steady-state sea surface topography model based on the second geoid; and obtain the average sea surface elevation at the location of the tide gauge station based on the second geoid from the steady-state sea surface topography model by interpolation.

[0037] In this specific implementation, the first geoid is the 1985 National Height Datum, and the second geoid is the Global Geoid. Therefore, the purpose of this embodiment is to obtain the seafloor topographic elevation based on the 1985 National Height Datum. This step first obtains the elevation value of the mean sea level at the tide gauge location on the Global Geoid. The Global Geoid, as a globally unified reference surface, provides a broad and stable basic standard for elevation measurement. Simultaneously, it obtains the elevation value of the mean sea level at the tide gauge location on the 1985 National Height Datum. The 1985 National Height Datum is a universal elevation datum that plays a crucial role in numerous engineering constructions and geographic surveying. Finally, based on the elevation values ​​under these two different datums, the elevation difference between the Global Geoid and the 1985 National Height Datum is accurately calculated. This process makes full use of data information from different reference surfaces. Through rigorous calculations, it eliminates errors that may arise due to different reference surfaces, providing an accurate and reliable foundation for subsequent calculations of geoid anomalies at grid points in the engineering area, solutions for geoid anomalies at target locations, and the final determination of seabed topography elevation based on this difference. This significantly improves the accuracy of seabed topography mapping.

[0038] There are two cases for calculating the first reference difference based on the tide gauge station P(0): The first scenario applies when the shore-based tide gauge station is a long-term tide gauge station: △N=MDT P(0) -H 85 In the formula: △N is the first reference difference, in meters; H 85 The elevation of the mean sea level at the tide gauge station relative to the 1985 National Height Datum, in meters (m); MDT P(0) The mean sea level at the tide gauge station is the elevation of the global geoid, expressed in meters (m).

[0039] The long-term mean sea level at tide gauge stations can be calculated to the base year of the global steady-state sea surface topography model using annual data collected by the tide gauge station management department or provided by the global sea level observation system.

[0040] The second scenario applies when the shore-based tide gauge station is a short-term or temporary station: △N=(MDT P(0) +SLA P(0) )-H 85 Where: H 85 The short-term mean sea level during the tidal observation period is the elevation value of the 1985 National Height Datum, in meters (m). P(0)The sea surface height anomaly is measured in meters (m). It is caused by short-term tidal characteristics, temperature, air pressure, seawater density, and storm surges, resulting in deviations between the sea surface height and the steady-state sea surface topography. Its value can be obtained from near-real-time sea surface height anomaly SLA or reanalysis data at tide gauge locations through the Copernicus Ocean Data Center.

[0041] Step S202: Obtain the average sea level elevation values ​​based on the reference ellipsoid and the average sea level elevation values ​​based on the second geoid at multiple locations within the engineering area. Calculate the reference difference between the second geoid and the reference ellipsoid at each location, and use it as the second reference difference.

[0042] Multiple locations P(i), i=1,2,...,n, are determined within the project area, where n is the number of selected locations. The method for obtaining the average sea level elevation values ​​based on the reference ellipsoid and the second geoid at these multiple locations within the project area is as follows: A sea level height model based on the reference ellipsoid and a steady-state sea surface topography model based on the second geoid are obtained. Through interpolation, the average sea level elevation values ​​based on the reference ellipsoid at these multiple locations within the project area are obtained from the sea level height model, and the average sea level elevation values ​​based on the second geoid at these multiple locations within the project area are obtained from the steady-state sea surface topography model.

[0043] In some optional implementations, there are two methods for obtaining the above-mentioned sea surface height model and steady-state sea surface topography model. One is to collect satellite altimetry data and long-term tide gauge observation data of the marine engineering area and establish a sea surface height model (MSS) and steady-state sea surface topography model (MDT) suitable for the area required by the present invention through data combination and assimilation. The other is to utilize the published global sea surface height model (MSS) and steady-state sea surface topography model (MDT).

[0044] In some optional implementations, nearest-neighbor interpolation is preferred. In other implementations, bilinear interpolation, cubic interpolation, kriging, and other interpolation methods may also be used, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on these methods.

[0045] Step S203: Based on the first reference difference and the second reference difference at each location, the reference difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location is solved by fitting, and used as the comprehensive reference difference.

[0046] In some optional implementations, step S203 above includes: Step S2031: Based on the second benchmark difference at each location and the coordinates at each location, and using the least squares principle with a quadratic polynomial as the basic model, parameter fitting is performed to obtain the solution model for the second benchmark difference. The quadratic polynomial can be expressed as: ; Each position is located in a pre-established coordinate system, where x and y represent the x-axis and y-axis coordinates of each position in the coordinate system, respectively. , , , , , Let be the parameters to be fitted, and N(i) represent the second benchmark difference at the i-th position. Through mathematical fitting, let =min to find the values ​​of each parameter and determine the final second benchmark difference solution model.

[0047] In some alternative implementations, model validation and accuracy evaluation of the second benchmark difference solution model are also required.

[0048] (1) Validation of compliance within the parameter model.

[0049] The mean square error of the model within the second benchmark difference solution is calculated. The calculation formula is:

[0050] In the formula, The mean square error of the model conformity, in meters; The residual is calculated for the geoid eccentricity of the grid points, in meters (m); n is the number of grid points involved in the calculation.

[0051] (2) External compliance verification of the parameter model.

[0052] Locations not involved in parameter calculation are selected as verification points to calculate the external conformity mean error of the parameter model. The calculation formula is:

[0053] In the formula, The external compliance error of the parameter transformation model is expressed in meters. The value is the difference between the calculated and known values ​​of the geoid anomaly parameters at the grid points, expressed in meters (m); n is the number of verification points.

[0054] (3) Water level detection.

[0055] Water level measurements were conducted in favorable sea conditions, with an observation duration of no less than 24 hours. For sea areas with uniform tidal characteristics, shipborne GNSS continuously observed sea surface elevations and synchronized them with shore tide gauges. The average sea surface level during the synchronization period was used as the detection condition to evaluate the accuracy of the parameter model. For sea areas far from shore with significant differences in tidal characteristics, shipborne GNSS observed sea surface elevations and compared them with the tide levels predicted by the tidal model. The difference in water levels at any given moment was used as the detection condition to evaluate the accuracy of the parameter model.

[0056] Step S2032: Input the coordinates of the target location into the second benchmark difference solution model to obtain the second benchmark difference N'(i) at the target location.

[0057] Step S2033: Summate the first datum difference and the second datum difference at the target location to obtain the datum difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location, which is used as the comprehensive datum difference ξ. (x',y') The calculation formula is: ξ (x',y')= N'(i)+△N.

[0058] Step S204: Obtain the water depth at the target location and the sea surface elevation based on the reference ellipsoid. Combine the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location to calculate the seabed topographic elevation based on the first geoid at the target location.

[0059] The method for obtaining the water depth at the target location and the sea surface elevation relative to the reference ellipsoid is as follows: the water depth at the target location is measured using a marine depth sounding device; the sea surface elevation relative to the reference ellipsoid at the target location is measured using GNSS technology.

[0060] The method for calculating the seabed topographic elevation value at the target location, based on the first geoid, is as follows: Subtract the sea surface elevation at the target location, based on the reference ellipsoid, from the water depth at the target location to obtain the seabed topographic elevation value at the target location, based on the reference ellipsoid; then subtract the seabed topographic elevation value at the target location, based on the reference ellipsoid, from the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location to obtain the seabed topographic elevation value H at the target location, based on the first geoid. (x',y') The calculation formula is: H (x',y') =h GNSS -ξ (x',y') -Z (x',y') In the formula, (x', y') are the coordinates of the target position, and h GNSS Z represents the sea surface elevation at the target location, based on a reference ellipsoid, in meters (m). (x',y') The depth of the sea from the surface to the seabed, expressed in meters (m); ξ (x',y')The difference is calculated as the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location, in meters.

[0061] The seabed topography elevation measurement method provided in this embodiment directly acquires sea surface height using GNSS technology and combines a sea surface height model with a steady-state sea surface topography model to achieve three-dimensional tide-free measurement of seabed topography maps for marine engineering projects. This solution solves the problem of reduced accuracy in water level transfer due to increased distance from the shore in traditional methods such as synchronous tide gauge or residual water level transfer, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of seabed topography data in deep-sea areas and providing a safe and reliable elevation benchmark for the entire lifecycle of marine engineering surveying, design, construction, and operation. This invention utilizes GNSS's real-time rapid positioning technology, overcoming the impact of adverse sea conditions on measurement accuracy, shortening preparation and operation time for surveying projects, and improving production efficiency. It is particularly suitable for scenarios with tight schedules or requiring emergency surveying. This invention eliminates reliance on offshore tide gauges, avoiding the problems of easy loss and difficulty in recovery of tide gauges deployed in the open sea, thus reducing equipment costs and operational risks.

[0062] This embodiment provides a method for measuring seabed topography and elevation. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a seabed topography elevation measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S301: Obtain the average sea level elevation at the tide gauge station location, based on the first geoid and the second geoid. Calculate the fixed datum difference between the first and second geoids at the tide gauge station location, and use this as the first datum difference. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S201 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0063] Step S302: Obtain the average sea level elevation values ​​at multiple locations within the project area, based on the reference ellipsoid and the second geoid. Calculate the datum difference between the second geoid and the reference ellipsoid at each location, and use this as the second datum difference. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S202 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0064] Step S303: Based on the first reference difference and the second reference difference at each location, the reference difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location is solved by fitting, and used as the comprehensive reference difference.

[0065] In some optional implementations, step S203 above includes: Step S3031: Summing the second reference difference at each location with the first reference difference to obtain the comprehensive reference difference at each location. The comprehensive reference difference is the reference difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the corresponding location.

[0066] Step S3032: Based on the comprehensive benchmark difference at each location and the coordinates at each location, a quadratic polynomial is used as the basic model to perform parameter fitting, thereby obtaining the comprehensive benchmark difference solution model.

[0067] Step S3033: Input the coordinates of the target location into the comprehensive benchmark difference solution model to obtain the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location.

[0068] Step S304: Obtain the water depth and sea surface elevation at the target location, based on the reference ellipsoid. Combine this with the comprehensive datum difference at the target location to calculate the seabed topographic elevation at the target location, based on the first geoid. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S204 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0069] This embodiment also provides a seabed topographic elevation measurement device, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0070] This embodiment provides a device for measuring seabed topography and elevation, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes: The first benchmark difference calculation module 401 is used to obtain the average sea level elevation value based on the first geoid and the average sea level elevation value based on the second geoid at the location of the tide gauge station, and calculate the fixed benchmark difference between the first geoid and the second geoid at the location of the tide gauge station as the first benchmark difference. The second reference difference calculation module 402 is used to obtain the average sea surface elevation values ​​based on the reference ellipsoid and the average sea surface elevation values ​​based on the second geoid at multiple locations within the engineering area, and to calculate the reference difference between the second geoid and the reference ellipsoid at each location as the second reference difference. The comprehensive benchmark difference solution module 403 is used to solve the benchmark difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location by fitting the first benchmark difference and the second benchmark difference at each location, and use it as the comprehensive benchmark difference. The seabed elevation conversion module 404 is used to obtain the water depth and sea surface elevation value based on the reference ellipsoid at the target location, and calculate the seabed topographic elevation value based on the first geoid at the target location by combining the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location.

[0071] The seabed topography and elevation measurement device provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the seabed topography and elevation measurement method provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method. Further functional descriptions of the various modules and units described above are the same as in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0072] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] The following is a detailed reference. Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic suitable for implementing an electronic device according to embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., a central processing unit, graphics processor, etc.) 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 502 or a program loaded from memory 508 into random access memory (RAM) 503. The RAM 503 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 501, ROM 502, and RAM 503 are interconnected via a bus 504. An input / output (I / O) interface 505 is also connected to the bus 504.

[0074] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 505: input devices 506 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 507 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; memory devices 508 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 509. Communication device 509 allows electronic devices to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 5 Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown, and more or fewer devices may be implemented or have instead.

[0075] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device 509, or installed from a memory 508, or installed from a ROM 502. When the computer program is executed by the processor 501, it performs the functions defined in the seabed topographic elevation measurement method of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 5The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0077] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the seabed topography elevation measurement method shown in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0078] A portion of this invention can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to the invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0079] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for measuring seabed topography and elevation, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the average sea level elevation at the location of the tide gauge station based on the first geoid and the average sea level elevation based on the second geoid. Calculate the fixed reference difference between the first geoid and the second geoid at the location of the tide gauge station, and use it as the first reference difference. Obtain the average sea level elevation values ​​based on the reference ellipsoid and the average sea level elevation values ​​based on the second geoid at multiple locations within the project area. Calculate the reference difference between the second geoid and the reference ellipsoid at each location, and use it as the second reference difference. Based on the first reference difference and the second reference difference at each location, the reference difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location is solved by fitting, and used as the comprehensive reference difference; Obtain the water depth and sea surface elevation at the target location based on the reference ellipsoid. Combine this with the comprehensive datum difference at the target location to calculate the seabed topographic elevation at the target location based on the first geoid.

2. The seabed topography and elevation measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the average sea level elevation at the location of the tide gauge station, based on the first geoid, is as follows: The average sea level elevation at the location of the tide gauge station is measured by the tide gauge instruments deployed at the tide gauge station, and the average sea level elevation at the location of the tide gauge station is obtained with the first geoid as the reference.

3. The method for measuring seabed topography and elevation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the average sea level elevation at the location of the tide gauge station, based on the first geoid, is as follows: Obtain a steady-state sea surface topography model based on the second geoid; The average sea surface elevation at the location of the tide gauge station, based on the second geoid, is obtained from the steady-state sea surface topography model using interpolation.

4. The method for measuring seabed topography and elevation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the average sea level elevation values ​​based on a reference ellipsoid and the average sea level elevation values ​​based on a second geodetic datum at multiple locations within the engineering area is as follows: Obtain a sea surface height model based on a reference ellipsoid and a steady-state sea surface topography model based on the second geoid; By interpolation, the average sea surface elevation values ​​at multiple locations within the engineering area, based on the reference ellipsoid, are obtained from the sea surface height model. The average sea surface elevation values ​​at multiple locations within the engineering area, based on the second geodetic datum, are obtained from the steady-state sea surface topography model.

5. The method for measuring seabed topography and elevation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the reference difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location by fitting the first reference difference and the second reference differences at each location, as the comprehensive reference difference, includes: Based on the second benchmark difference at each location, combined with the coordinates at each location, a quadratic polynomial is used as the basic model to perform parameter fitting, and the solution model for the second benchmark difference is obtained. Input the coordinates of the target location into the second benchmark difference solution model to obtain the second benchmark difference at the target location; The first benchmark difference and the second benchmark difference at the target location are summed to obtain the benchmark difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location, which is used as the comprehensive benchmark difference.

6. The method for measuring seabed topography and elevation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the water depth at the target location and the sea surface elevation based on the reference ellipsoid is as follows: Measure the water depth at the target location using ocean depth sounding equipment; The sea surface elevation at the target location is measured using GNSS technology, with a reference ellipsoid as the reference.

7. The method for measuring seabed topography and elevation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of obtaining the water depth and sea surface elevation value based on the reference ellipsoid at the target location, and combining the comprehensive datum difference at the target location to calculate the seabed topographic elevation value based on the first geoid, the method for calculating the seabed topographic elevation value based on the first geoid at the target location is as follows: The sea surface elevation at the target location, based on the reference ellipsoid, is subtracted from the water depth at the target location to obtain the seabed topographic elevation at the target location, based on the reference ellipsoid. The seabed topographic elevation value at the target location, based on the reference ellipsoid, is obtained by subtracting the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location from the seabed topographic elevation value based on the first geoid.

8. A device for measuring seabed topography and elevation, characterized in that, The device includes: The first benchmark difference calculation module is used to obtain the average sea level elevation value based on the first geoid and the average sea level elevation value based on the second geoid at the location of the tide gauge station, and to calculate the fixed benchmark difference between the first geoid and the second geoid at the location of the tide gauge station as the first benchmark difference. The second benchmark difference calculation module is used to obtain the average sea surface elevation values ​​based on the reference ellipsoid and the average sea surface elevation values ​​based on the second geoid at multiple locations within the engineering area, and to calculate the benchmark difference between the second geoid and the reference ellipsoid at each location, which is used as the second benchmark difference. The comprehensive benchmark difference solution module is used to solve the benchmark difference between the first geoid and the reference ellipsoid at the target location by fitting the first benchmark difference and the second benchmark difference at each location, and use it as the comprehensive benchmark difference. The seabed elevation conversion module is used to obtain the water depth and sea surface elevation value based on the reference ellipsoid at the target location, and calculate the seabed topographic elevation value based on the first geoid at the target location by combining the comprehensive benchmark difference at the target location.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor are communicatively connected, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the seabed topographic elevation measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the seabed topographic elevation measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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