Method and device for automatically checking secondary circuit of transformer substation

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic checking method and device for a secondary circuit of a transformer substation, and the method comprises the steps: analyzing a logic relation between devices in a running state of the secondary circuit, extracting a rule between the devices in the running state of the secondary circuit, converting the rule into a structured logic expression, verifying the structured logic expression, and storing the verified structured logic expression in a rule library; analyzing and extracting device attribute information in the digital drawing, and binding device attributes in the digital drawing with rules in a rule base to generate a mapping table; forming a logic association model between the secondary system devices in the digital drawing based on the binding result; and based on the logic correlation model, performing simulation operation calculation on the secondary system to generate a simulation result, and automatically checking the correctness of the content of the secondary drawing according to the simulation result. According to the method, subjective errors and workload of manual checking can be reduced, the checking efficiency is improved through an automatic process, and the operation reliability of a secondary system device is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power station secondary circuit technology, and particularly relates to an automatic verification method and device for substation secondary circuits. Background Technology

[0002] The secondary circuits of substations are a crucial link in ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system, and the accuracy of their digital drawings directly affects the reliability of the secondary system devices. Currently, the verification of digital drawings of secondary circuits mainly relies on manual work. This requires manual verification of the device connections page by page, and manual judgment is easily influenced by subjective factors, resulting in low efficiency and poor accuracy.

[0003] With the advancement of smart substation construction, the complexity of secondary circuits is constantly increasing, and traditional manual verification methods can no longer meet engineering requirements. To address this issue, existing technical solutions, such as patent documents with publication numbers CN113533885A and CN119147888A, propose using computer programs to verify secondary circuit models, automatically checking device connection relationships and power logic. However, these methods still have certain limitations, such as difficulty in accurately simulating complex power logic, and the verification process may rely on a single rule base and simple syntax checks, failing to comprehensively cover all potential design flaws.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an efficient and accurate automatic verification technology for secondary circuits. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic verification method and device for secondary circuits in substations. It analyzes and summarizes the logical relationships between devices under the operating conditions of the secondary circuit to extract rules and store them in a rule base. It parses the device attribute information from digital drawings and binds it with the rules in the rule base to generate a mapping table. Based on the binding results, it forms logical associations between devices in the secondary system. After developing and running software that loads the mapping table and rule base, it performs simulation calculations and checks the logical relationships between devices based on the positive and negative power supply principles of the secondary circuit to generate simulation results. Finally, it automatically verifies the correctness of the secondary circuit drawing content based on the simulation results.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] This invention proposes an automatic verification method for secondary circuits in substations, comprising: S1. Analyze the logical relationships between devices under the secondary loop operation state, extract the rules between devices under the secondary loop operation state from the logical relationships, convert the extracted rules into structured logical expressions and verify them, and store the verified structured logical expressions in the rule base. S2. Parse and extract device attribute information from the digital drawings, bind the device attributes in the digital drawings with the rules in the rule base, and generate a mapping table; S3. Based on the binding results, a logical association model between secondary system devices in the digital drawings is formed; S4. Based on the formed logical association model, perform simulation calculations on the secondary system, check the logical relationship between devices according to the principle of positive and negative power supply of the secondary circuit, generate simulation results, and automatically verify the correctness of the secondary drawings based on the simulation results.

[0008] More preferably, in S1, the analysis of the logical relationships between devices under the operating state of the secondary circuit includes: Acquire real-time operating data of the secondary circuit under normal and fault conditions; The secondary circuit is decomposed into sub-circuits according to functional attributes, and the dynamic interaction process of the devices in each sub-circuit is analyzed, including the interaction nodes, signal flow and action dependencies of the devices in each sub-circuit. By comparing across sub-circuits, common characteristics are extracted, including the logical relationships of signal flow, triggering conditions, feedback paths, and power constraints. Simulate abnormal scenarios and conduct field tests to supplement the device interaction patterns under abnormal conditions.

[0009] More preferably, in S1, the step of extracting the rules between devices under the secondary loop operating state and converting the extracted rules into structured logic expressions includes the following steps: The logical relationships of analysis and induction are classified according to functional scenarios; By stripping away the unique characteristics of the device, we can extract its common rules. The common rules for the aforementioned devices are supplemented by technical specifications of the power industry to form standardized rules; The normalization rules are transformed into structured logical expressions and verified. The normalization rules include adopting conditional formatting, setting trigger logic, supplementing timing constraints, defining interaction time limits, and formulating topological constraints to standardize connection relationships.

[0010] More preferably, in S1, the specific steps for storing the verified structured logic expression in the rule base are as follows: The verified structured logical expression is preprocessed and assigned a unique identifier; the preprocessing includes rule-based functional type labeling and classification, associating secondary loop scenarios; the text of the logical expression of the rule is retained, including the specific threshold of the parameters in the expression, the corresponding industry standard basis, and the verification status; A two-tier index storage architecture is established using a relational database. In this architecture, the functional type serves as the first-level directory, and each directory is further divided into second-level subdirectories based on the constraint type of the rule. Each rule is stored as an independent record in its corresponding subdirectory, with the record fields including a unique identifier, category label, applicable scenario, logical expression, parameter threshold, standard basis, verification status, and creation time. Establish a dynamic rule base management mechanism; in the dynamic rule base management mechanism, when adding a rule, use an automated verification tool to check for conflicts between the new rule and existing rules, and verify the integrity of the structured attributes of the new rule; when updating a rule, retain historical version records; when deleting a rule, check whether there is a reference in the secondary loop verification task.

[0011] More preferably, in S2, the device attribute information in the digital drawing is parsed and extracted, and the device attributes in the digital drawing are bound to the rules in the rule base to generate a mapping table. The specific steps are as follows: The digital drawings are analyzed to construct a set of device attribute information. Based on the device attribute information set, the corresponding rules are selected from the rule base to form a triplet mapping relationship between device, attribute and rule; The association between attributes and rules is handled through an intelligent reasoning mechanism; when there is implicit information in the device attributes, the implicit condition judgment in the rule base is automatically triggered; for scenarios with joint constraints of multiple attributes, the voltage level and power type attributes are retrieved at the same time, and the corresponding rules are called for combined verification; the missing attributes in the drawings are completed by using the default value rules in the rule base. The binding results are stored as a structured mapping table, recording the unique identifier of each device, the extracted attribute values, the matching rule ID, and the association confidence level.

[0012] More preferably, in S3, the logical association model is an integration of association results across three dimensions: physical topology, signal transmission, and functional logic, specifically including: Based on the topological connection path attributes of the device binding, combined with the constraint relationships in the rule base, the physical connection relationships between devices are identified hierarchically, a physical topology graph is constructed, and the connection compliance is verified in combination with the topological constraint rules in the rule base. By utilizing the signal type and transmission direction attributes of the device, the complete link of the signal from the source to the terminal is traced, and the necessary conversion nodes are supplemented by combining the signal transmission rules in the rule base to complete the complete transmission path and clarify the conversion and processing methods of the signal between devices. By using the device's function tags and action threshold attributes, and associating them with functional constraint rules in the rule base, a causal chain is constructed; the function tags refer to the identifying information used to clarify the core functions of the device; the action threshold attributes refer to the critical parameter values ​​at which the device triggers specific actions.

[0013] More preferably, in S4, based on the formed logical association model, the secondary system is simulated and calculated. According to the principle of positive and negative power supplies in the secondary circuit, the logical relationships between the devices are checked, and simulation results are generated, including: A power network model is constructed based on the power attributes and topology connection paths of the secondary system device, and the positive and negative power access points, loop impedance parameters and power switching logic of the secondary system device are clarified. Simulate various operating scenarios and check the correctness of the power supply connection and the matching of signal transmission with the power supply circuit based on the principle of positive and negative power supply in the secondary circuit. During the simulation, the device's power status, signal transmission parameters, and action timing are collected in real time and compared with the constraint rules in the rule base based on the principle of positive and negative power supply. Logical conflict points are marked and associated with the corresponding rule IDs, and the output includes the inspection results of power circuit compliance and device interaction logic correctness.

[0014] More preferably, in S4, the step of automatically verifying the correctness of the secondary drawing content based on the simulation results specifically includes: The simulation results include the physical topology diagram, signal transmission link and power network model generated during the simulation. The simulation results are compared point by point with the schematic wiring diagram and terminal block diagram in the digital drawings to verify the consistency of the topology connection. Based on the timing and path parameters of signal transmission in the simulation, check the signal flow direction and delay requirements marked in the drawings, mark the path missing or timing limit exceeded issues, and associate them with rule base constraints; Based on the simulated power configuration results, verify the correctness of the power access points, circuit numbers, and backup power design in the drawings, and locate the problems. Compare the causal chain of the simulated functional logic with the functional flow of the drawing design to check for any functional omissions or logical conflicts, and automatically trace back the matching results of device attributes and rules to generate an error tracing chain. The problem is classified according to its severity through a hierarchical verification mechanism, and a verification report is generated.

[0015] This invention also proposes an automatic verification device for substation secondary circuits, comprising a logic relationship analysis module, a rule extraction module, a rule base storage module, a digital drawing parsing and binding module, a logic association construction module, a software development and data loading module, a simulation operation module, and an automatic verification module. The logical relationship analysis module is used to analyze and summarize the logical relationships between devices under the operating conditions of the secondary circuit; The rule extraction module is used to extract the rules between devices under the operating conditions of the secondary loop; The rule base storage module is used to store the rules extracted by the rule extraction module, forming a structured rule base; The digital drawing parsing and binding module is used to parse digital drawings to extract device attribute information and bind device attributes with rules in the rule base to generate mapping relationships; The logical association construction module is used to construct physical topology, signal transmission, and functional logical associations between secondary system devices based on the bound device attributes. The software development and data loading module is used to develop rule verification and operation software, and to load device attribute information and rule base from digital drawings through this software; The simulation operation module is used to simulate the operating state of the secondary system through the developed software and to check the logical relationship between devices based on the principle of positive and negative power supply of the secondary circuit. The automatic verification module is used to automatically verify the correctness of the secondary drawings based on the simulation results and generate a verification report.

[0016] The present invention also proposes a terminal, including a processor and a storage medium: The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is used to perform the steps of the above method according to the instructions.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention analyzes and summarizes the logical relationships between devices under the operating conditions of secondary circuits to extract rules and store them in a rule base. It parses the device attribute information from digitized drawings and binds it with the rules in the rule base to generate a mapping table. Based on the binding results, it forms logical associations between secondary system devices. After developing and running software that loads the mapping table and rule base, it performs simulation calculations and checks the logical relationships between devices based on the positive and negative power supply principles of the secondary circuit to generate simulation results. Finally, it automatically verifies the correctness of the secondary drawings based on the simulation results. This process uses standardized rule base storage, structured binding of attributes and rules, software simulation, and verification of positive and negative power supply principles as its core technical means. It reduces the subjective errors and workload of manual verification, systematically sorts out the logical relationships between devices to accurately identify hidden design problems, and improves verification efficiency through automation. It can effectively adapt to the verification needs of complex secondary circuits and ensure the reliability of secondary system device operation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the software that performs secondary system rule verification in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the automatic verification device for secondary circuits in a substation according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this invention.

[0020] The present invention proposes the following solution: This invention proposes an automatic verification method for secondary circuits in substations, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: S1. Analyze the logical relationships between devices under the secondary loop operation state, extract the rules between devices under the secondary loop operation state from the logical relationships, convert the extracted rules into structured logical expressions and verify them, and store the verified structured logical expressions in the rule base. In S1, the analysis of the logical relationships between devices under the secondary circuit operating state includes: Acquire real-time operating data of the secondary circuit under normal and fault conditions; The secondary circuit is decomposed into sub-circuits according to functional attributes, and the dynamic interaction process of the devices in each sub-circuit is analyzed, including the interaction nodes, signal flow and action dependencies of the devices in each sub-circuit. By comparing across sub-circuits, common characteristics are extracted, including the logical relationships of signal flow, triggering conditions, feedback paths, and power constraints. Simulate abnormal scenarios and conduct field tests to supplement the device interaction patterns under abnormal conditions.

[0021] In S1, the steps for extracting the rules between devices under the secondary loop operating state and converting the extracted rules into structured logic expressions are as follows: The logical relationships of analysis and induction are classified according to functional scenarios; By stripping away the unique characteristics of the device, we can extract its common rules. The common rules for the aforementioned devices are supplemented by technical specifications of the power industry to form standardized rules; The normalization rules are transformed into structured logical expressions and verified. The normalization rules include adopting conditional formatting, setting trigger logic, supplementing timing constraints, defining interaction time limits, and formulating topological constraints to standardize connection relationships.

[0022] In S1, the specific steps for storing the verified structured logic expression in the rule base are as follows: The verified structured logical expression is preprocessed and assigned a unique identifier; the preprocessing includes rule-based functional type labeling and classification, associating secondary loop scenarios; the text of the logical expression of the rule is retained, including the specific threshold of the parameters in the expression, the corresponding industry standard basis, and the verification status; A two-tier index storage architecture is established using a relational database. In this architecture, the functional type serves as the first-level directory, and each directory is further divided into second-level subdirectories based on the constraint type of the rule. Each rule is stored as an independent record in its corresponding subdirectory, with the record fields including a unique identifier, category label, applicable scenario, logical expression, parameter threshold, standard basis, verification status, and creation time. Establish a dynamic rule base management mechanism; in the dynamic rule base management mechanism, when adding a rule, use an automated verification tool to check for conflicts between the new rule and existing rules, and verify the integrity of the structured attributes of the new rule; when updating a rule, retain historical version records; when deleting a rule, check whether there is a reference in the secondary loop verification task.

[0023] S2. Parse and extract device attribute information from the digital drawings, bind the device attributes in the digital drawings with the rules in the rule base, and generate a mapping table; In S2, the device attribute information in the digitized drawings is parsed and extracted. The device attributes in the digitized drawings are then bound to the rules in the rule base to generate a mapping table. The specific steps are as follows: The digital drawings are analyzed to construct a set of device attribute information. Based on the device attribute information set, the corresponding rules are selected from the rule base to form a triplet mapping relationship between device, attribute and rule; The association between attributes and rules is handled through an intelligent reasoning mechanism; when there is implicit information in the device attributes, the implicit condition judgment in the rule base is automatically triggered; for scenarios with joint constraints of multiple attributes, the voltage level and power type attributes are retrieved at the same time, and the corresponding rules are called for combined verification; the missing attributes in the drawings are completed by using the default value rules in the rule base. The binding results are stored as a structured mapping table, recording the unique identifier of each device, the extracted attribute values, the matching rule ID, and the association confidence level.

[0024] S3. Based on the binding results, a logical association model between secondary system devices in the digital drawings is formed; In S3, the logical association model is an integration of association results across three dimensions: physical topology, signal transmission, and functional logic. Specifically, it includes: Based on the topological connection path attributes of the device binding, combined with the constraint relationships in the rule base, the physical connection relationships between devices are identified hierarchically, a physical topology graph is constructed, and the connection compliance is verified in combination with the topological constraint rules in the rule base. By utilizing the signal type and transmission direction attributes of the device, the complete link of the signal from the source to the terminal is traced, and the necessary conversion nodes are supplemented by combining the signal transmission rules in the rule base to complete the complete transmission path and clarify the conversion and processing methods of the signal between devices. By using the device's function tags and action threshold attributes, and associating them with functional constraint rules in the rule base, a causal chain is constructed; the function tags refer to the identifying information used to clarify the core functions of the device; the action threshold attributes refer to the critical parameter values ​​at which the device triggers specific actions.

[0025] S4. Based on the formed logical association model, perform simulation calculations on the secondary system, check the logical relationship between devices according to the principle of positive and negative power supply of the secondary circuit, generate simulation results, and automatically verify the correctness of the secondary drawings based on the simulation results.

[0026] In S4, based on the formed logical association model, the secondary system is simulated and calculated. According to the principle of positive and negative power supplies in the secondary circuit, the logical relationships between devices are checked, and simulation results are generated, including: A power network model is constructed based on the power attributes and topology connection paths of the secondary system device, and the positive and negative power access points, loop impedance parameters and power switching logic of the secondary system device are clarified. Simulate various operating scenarios and check the correctness of the power supply connection and the matching of signal transmission with the power supply circuit based on the principle of positive and negative power supply in the secondary circuit. During the simulation, the device's power status, signal transmission parameters, and action timing are collected in real time and compared with the constraint rules in the rule base based on the principle of positive and negative power supply. Logical conflict points are marked and associated with the corresponding rule IDs, and the output includes the inspection results of power circuit compliance and device interaction logic correctness.

[0027] In S4, the automatic verification of the correctness of the secondary drawing content based on the simulation results specifically includes: The simulation results include the physical topology diagram, signal transmission link and power network model generated during the simulation. The simulation results are compared point by point with the schematic wiring diagram and terminal block diagram in the digital drawings to verify the consistency of the topology connection. Based on the timing and path parameters of signal transmission in the simulation, check the signal flow direction and delay requirements marked in the drawings, mark the path missing or timing limit exceeded issues, and associate them with rule base constraints; Based on the simulated power configuration results, verify the correctness of the power access points, circuit numbers, and backup power design in the drawings, and locate the problems. Compare the causal chain of the simulated functional logic with the functional flow of the drawing design to check for any functional omissions or logical conflicts, and automatically trace back the matching results of device attributes and rules to generate an error tracing chain. The problem is classified according to its severity through a hierarchical verification mechanism, and a verification report is generated.

[0028] This invention also proposes an automatic verification device for substation secondary circuits, comprising a logic relationship analysis module, a rule extraction module, a rule base storage module, a digital drawing parsing and binding module, a logic association construction module, a software development and data loading module, a simulation operation module, and an automatic verification module. The logical relationship analysis module is used to analyze and summarize the logical relationships between devices under the operating conditions of the secondary circuit; The rule extraction module is used to extract the rules between devices under the operating conditions of the secondary loop; The rule base storage module is used to store the rules extracted by the rule extraction module, forming a structured rule base; The digital drawing parsing and binding module is used to parse digital drawings to extract device attribute information and bind device attributes with rules in the rule base to generate mapping relationships; The logical association construction module is used to construct physical topology, signal transmission, and functional logical associations between secondary system devices based on the bound device attributes. The software development and data loading module is used to develop rule verification and operation software, and to load device attribute information and rule base from digital drawings through this software; The simulation operation module is used to simulate the operating state of the secondary system through the developed software and to check the logical relationship between devices based on the principle of positive and negative power supply of the secondary circuit. The automatic verification module is used to automatically verify the correctness of the secondary drawings based on the simulation results and generate a verification report.

[0029] The present invention also proposes a terminal, including a processor and a storage medium: The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is used to perform the steps of the above method according to the instructions.

[0030] Example 1: This embodiment is based on an automatic verification method for substation secondary circuits, aiming to improve verification efficiency and accuracy by achieving automated verification of substation secondary circuits through a systematic technical process. The method first starts from the actual operating state of the secondary circuit, comprehensively analyzing and summarizing the logical relationships between various devices in the circuit, including transformers, relays, circuit breakers, and indicator lights. These logical relationships include specific interaction forms such as signal transmission paths, action triggering conditions, and status feedback mechanisms between devices. Based on this, universal and standardized electrical operation rules are further extracted from the summarized logical relationships, forming standardized constraints on the interaction behavior of secondary circuit devices. Next, these extracted rules are structured and stored in a preset rule base. The rule base enables centralized management of various electrical logic rules, providing directly callable judgment criteria for subsequent verification processes.

[0031] Subsequently, for the digital drawings of the substation secondary circuits, the attribute information of each device in the digital drawings is analyzed and extracted. These attributes include key features such as device model parameters, interface specifications, functional identifiers, and terminal block numbers. These device attributes are then matched and bound with corresponding electrical logic rules in the rule base, establishing a correspondence between device attributes and rules. This ensures that the devices in the digital drawings are associated with the specifications in the rule base. Based on the above attribute-rule binding results, the logical relationships between various devices in the secondary system are automatically generated in the digital drawings. These relationships are presented digitally, showing the expected signal flow, control links, and functional coordination relationships between devices, ensuring consistency with the logical requirements of the actual operation of the secondary circuits.

[0032] To achieve automated verification, specialized software for performing logic rule checks on secondary systems needs to be developed. This software must have data loading capabilities, capable of importing device attribute information extracted from digital drawings, including model, interface parameters, and functional identifiers, as well as a pre-built electrical logic rule library. Integrating this data provides complete data support for subsequent simulation operations and logic verification. After loading the data, the software will perform simulation calculations on the secondary system. The simulation process strictly follows the positive and negative power supply principles of the secondary circuits. By simulating the timing of device actions, signal transmission paths, and power state changes, the software checks whether the logical relationships between devices in the digital drawings conform to the electrical logic rules stored in the rule library, verifying their rationality and correctness during operation. Finally, based on the results of the simulation operation and rule checks, the software will automatically verify the content of the secondary circuit drawings, determining whether the connection relationships and logical links of the devices in the drawings meet the actual operating requirements, and outputting a report including the verification results. This achieves automated judgment of the correctness of the secondary drawing content, significantly reducing the time cost of manual verification and improving the efficiency of substation secondary circuit design and operation and maintenance.

[0033] See Figure 2 The diagram shows a flowchart of an automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation, according to an embodiment of this disclosure. The method includes steps S1 to S4, wherein: S1. Analyze and summarize the logical relationships between devices under the secondary circuit operation state, extract the rules between devices under the secondary circuit operation state, and store the extracted rules in the rule base; The analysis and summarization of the logical relationships between devices under the secondary circuit operating state includes: Acquire real-time operating data of the secondary circuit under normal and fault conditions; The secondary circuit is decomposed into sub-circuits according to functional attributes, and the dynamic interaction process of the devices in each sub-circuit is analyzed. Common characteristics were extracted through cross-sub-circuit comparison; Simulate abnormal scenarios and conduct field tests.

[0034] Specifically, the analysis and summarization of the logical relationships between devices under the operating conditions of the secondary circuit is the foundation of the entire automatic verification method. It aims to form a structured understanding of the interaction patterns of the devices through systematic analysis, providing a fundamental basis for the subsequent extraction of electrical logic rules. This process requires using actual operating data of the secondary circuit as the core, combined with multi-dimensional information collection and functional decomposition to achieve comprehensive coverage. Specifically, it first requires acquiring real-time records under normal and fault conditions through a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system and a fault recorder. On-site live-line testing or simulation experiments are then conducted on typical circuits. Simultaneously, the authenticity and completeness of the analysis basis are ensured by combining secondary circuit design drawings, equipment technical manuals, and industry standards.

[0035] Based on this, the secondary circuit is broken down into sub-circuits such as protection, control, and signal according to their functional attributes, and the dynamic interaction process of the devices in each sub-circuit is analyzed one by one. Taking the protection sub-circuit as an example, it is necessary to trace the operating logic of the current transformer (CT), protection device, and circuit breaker trip coil: During normal operation, the CT converts the primary side current into a secondary side signal and transmits it to the sampling terminal of the protection device. The protection device monitors in real time and has no output when the action threshold is not reached. Under fault conditions, when the signal transmitted by the CT exceeds the threshold set by the protection device and the duration meets the delay requirement, the output relay of the protection device operates, the trip signal drives the circuit breaker to trip, and at the same time, the auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker switch states, and the trip status is fed back to the indicator lights and the background system through the signal relay. In this way, the complete link of signal acquisition, logic judgment, execution action, and status feedback is sorted out.

[0036] For the control sub-circuit, the coordination mechanism of the control switch, closing contactor, and circuit breaker closing coil needs to be analyzed: When an operation command is input, the control switch contacts close, transmitting positive power to the contactor coil. After the contactor engages, it drives the closing coil to operate. After the circuit breaker reaches its position, the status signal is fed back to the indicator light and the control switch is reset via the position sensor, forming a logical chain of command input, intermediate conversion, execution, and closed-loop feedback. In the signal sub-circuit, the interaction logic of the temperature sensor, signal conditioning module, and indicator light needs to be understood: When the sensor detects an abnormal state, it outputs a switch signal, which is converted by the conditioning module and then split into two paths to drive the local indicator and the remote alarm, presenting an interactive process of status detection, signal conversion, and linkage response.

[0037] By deconstructing the functions in this way, and systematically analyzing the interaction nodes, signal flow, and action dependencies of the devices in each sub-loop, a horizontal comparison across sub-loops is conducted to extract common characteristics: signal transmission follows the basic flow of source, transmission path, and terminal; device actions must simultaneously meet the dual constraints of input signal compliance and power circuit integrity; and after the actuator performs an action, it must generate status feedback through auxiliary contacts or sensors. Simultaneously, abnormal scenarios such as loop disconnection and power failure need to be simulated, and the completeness of the logic is verified through field tests. The interaction patterns of devices under abnormal conditions are supplemented, ultimately forming a structured logical relationship system covering normal and abnormal operating scenarios, including signal flow, triggering conditions, feedback paths, and power constraints.

[0038] The specific steps for extracting the rules between devices under the secondary circuit operating state are as follows: The logical relationships of analysis and induction are classified according to functional scenarios; By stripping away the unique characteristics of the device, we can extract its common rules. Standardized rules should be formulated by combining technical specifications of the power industry; Transform the normalized rules into structured logical expressions and verify them.

[0039] Specifically, extracting the rules between devices under the operating conditions of secondary circuits is the core step of further refining universal and standardized electrical operating principles based on the analyzed and summarized structured logical relationships, providing standardized constraints for device interaction behavior. This process needs to be based on the functional characteristics of secondary circuits and industry technical specifications, and is achieved through abstracting commonalities, integrating standards, formal description, and verification loops.

[0040] Specifically, firstly, based on the logical relationships of sub-circuits such as protection, control, and signal, the individual characteristics of specific devices are separated according to functional scenarios, and the common rules of similar interactions are focused on—general rules are extracted from the logic of protection sub-circuits; common requirements are abstracted from the feedback mechanism of control sub-circuits; and general constraints are summarized from the logic of signal sub-circuits.

[0041] Building upon this foundation, the abstract rules are standardized and supplemented by incorporating technical specifications from the power industry. Parameter thresholds, safety requirements, and priority settings explicitly defined in the standards are referenced to ensure the rules conform to general engineering practice standards. Simultaneously, the standardized rules are transformed into structured logical expressions, employing a format where IF input signal parameters meet threshold conditions, AND timing requirements conform to settings, and THEN devices execute specified actions, thus clarifying the triggering logic. Timing constraints are supplemented to define interaction timelines; topological constraints are established to standardize connection relationships, giving the rules a clear form that can be parsed by computer systems.

[0042] Finally, the effectiveness of the rules is ensured through multi-dimensional verification: at the design level, the rules are applied to known and correct secondary circuit drawings to verify their ability to accurately identify legitimate interactions; abnormal operating conditions are injected into the simulation environment to check whether the rules can trigger the correct alarm logic; in field tests, simulated signals are applied to typical circuits to compare the consistency between the rule outputs and manual verification results, correcting details that deviate from actual operation. Through this process, a complete rule system covering protection, control, signal, and power supply categories is ultimately formed, providing clear, standardized, and executable judgment criteria for subsequent rule base construction and automatic verification.

[0043] The specific steps for storing the extracted rules in the rule base are as follows: The verified structured logic expression is preprocessed and assigned a unique identifier; Establish a two-tiered index storage architecture using a relational database; Establish a dynamic management mechanism for the rule base.

[0044] Specifically, storing the extracted rules in the rule base is a process of systematically managing verified structured logical expressions. The core is to achieve the centralization, traceability, and efficient reuse of rules through a standardized storage architecture and management mechanism, providing a stable basis for subsequent verification.

[0045] First, the validated structured logical expressions need to be preprocessed to clarify the core attributes of each rule and complete its structured encapsulation. Based on the rule's functional type, classification tags are added, associating them with applicable secondary loop scenarios. The complete text of the rule's logical expression is preserved, along with the specific threshold values ​​of the parameters, the corresponding industry standards, and the validation status. Simultaneously, a unique identifier is assigned to each rule as a unique identifier for retrieval and management, ensuring the integrity and traceability of the rule attributes.

[0046] Subsequently, based on the structured attributes of the rules, the storage architecture of the rule base was designed, and a database system supporting structured queries was adopted to implement hierarchical storage. Functional type is used as the first-level directory, and each directory has second-level subdirectories based on the constraint type of the rules, forming a two-level index structure of functional classification and constraint type. Each rule is stored as an independent record in its corresponding subdirectory, with record fields including a unique identifier, category label, applicable scenario, logical expression, parameter threshold, standard basis, verification status, and creation time, ensuring that the rule storage logic matches the functional division and constraint type of the secondary loop.

[0047] Simultaneously, a dynamic management mechanism for the rule base needs to be established to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the stored content. When adding a new rule, it is necessary to check for conflicts with existing rules through automated verification tools and verify the integrity of its structured attributes. When updating a rule, historical version records must be retained to ensure that rule evolution is traceable. When deleting a rule, it is necessary to check whether there are references in the secondary loop verification task to avoid verification interruption due to missing rules. In addition, the rule base needs to support fast retrieval by multi-dimensional keywords and connect with subsequent simulation software through a preset API interface to realize real-time rule invocation—when the software needs to verify a certain loop, it can directly retrieve the logical expression of the corresponding function and constraint type through the rule base as the basis for judging whether the device interaction is compliant.

[0048] Through this process, the rule base not only achieves physical storage of structured logical expressions, but also transforms scattered rules into ordered, controllable, and directly callable digital assets through classification indexing, dynamic management, and interface design, providing stable and efficient rule support for the automatic verification process.

[0049] S2. Parse and extract the device attribute information from the digital drawings, bind the device attributes in the digital drawings with the rules in the rule base, and generate a mapping table. The specific steps are as follows: The digital drawings are analyzed to construct a set of device attribute information. Applicable rules are selected from the rule base to form triplet mapping relationships; The association between attributes and rules is handled through intelligent reasoning mechanisms; Store the binding results as a structured mapping table.

[0050] Specifically, the association between the device entity and the verification basis is established through the digital processing and rule mapping of drawing information. First, the digital drawings need to be analyzed from multiple dimensions to extract the basic attributes and topological relationships of the device. For CAD format drawings, image recognition technology is used to automatically read the equipment annotation text, and the device type is identified by combining it with predefined equipment coding rules. By analyzing line connection relationships and terminal numbers, the physical connection paths between devices are extracted, and the topological structure is constructed. For BIM format drawings, the geometric parameters, technical parameters, and manufacturer information of the device are directly obtained from the 3D model. Simultaneously, the functional labels in the drawings are parsed to identify the secondary circuit function category to which the device belongs, including protection, control, and signal, providing a classification basis for subsequent rule matching.

[0051] Based on this, a mapping relationship between device attributes and the rule base is established. Applicable basic rule sets are selected from the rule base based on device type tags; for specific device technical parameters, parameter-related rules are further matched. For complex devices, such as protection devices, constraint rules for specific functions in the rule base are invoked by combining their functional tags, such as "overcurrent protection," with topology connection information. Through this multi-dimensional matching, a unique rule set is generated for each device, forming a triplet mapping relationship between device, attribute, and rule.

[0052] To ensure the accuracy of the binding, an intelligent reasoning mechanism needs to be introduced to handle the complex relationships between attributes and rules. When there is implicit information in the device attributes, the implicit condition judgment in the rule base is automatically triggered; for scenarios with joint constraints of multiple attributes, the voltage level and power type attributes are retrieved simultaneously, and the corresponding rules are called for combined verification. In addition, for any missing attributes that may exist in the drawings, they are supplemented by default value rules in the rule base to ensure that each device is bound to at least one basic rule.

[0053] It should be noted that the implicit condition judgment is triggered after the module extracts the explicit attributes of the device and generates a structured attribute table, but before filtering applicable rules from the rule base. The judgment is based on the "implicit condition derivation rules" preset in the rule base. These rules are pre-associated with "trigger explicit attributes, implicit information conclusions, and industry standard basis" to form a standardized judgment template. The judgment process is executed automatically by the software. By matching the extracted explicit attributes of the device with the derivation rules in the rule base, the corresponding implicit information is deduced. Then, it is verified whether the implicit information conforms to industry standards and loop operation logic. Finally, the verified implicit information is added to the device attribute set, providing complete attribute support for the subsequent accurate binding of devices and rules, and ensuring the accuracy of rule calls during the automatic verification process.

[0054] Finally, the binding results are stored as a structured mapping table, recording the unique identifier of each device, the extracted attribute values, the matching rule ID, and the association confidence level. This mapping table serves as the foundational data for subsequent logical association generation and simulation operation. It retains the original information from the drawings while establishing a direct link with the rule base, enabling device attribute information to be directly invoked by logical expressions in the rule base. This lays the data foundation for achieving rule-based automatic verification.

[0055] S3. Based on the binding results, form the logical association between secondary system devices in the digital drawings, develop running software for performing secondary system rule verification, and load the mapping table and rule base through the running software; The logical relationships between secondary system devices in the digital drawings formed based on the binding results specifically include: Based on the topological connection path attributes of the device binding, the physical connection relationship between devices is identified, a physical topology graph is constructed, and the connection compliance is verified by combining the topological constraint rules in the rule base. By utilizing the signal type and transmission direction attributes of the device, the complete link of the signal from the source to the terminal is traced, and the necessary conversion nodes are supplemented by combining the signal transmission rules in the rule base to clarify the conversion and processing methods of the signal between devices; The functional labels and action threshold attributes of the focusing device are associated with functional constraint rules in the rule base; the functional labels refer to the identifying information used to clarify the core functions of the device; the action threshold attributes refer to the critical parameter values ​​at which the device triggers specific actions.

[0056] Specifically, based on the binding results, the process connects dispersed devices into an organic whole according to functional interaction rules, constructing a dynamic logical network that can be automatically verified. This process requires using device attributes as a link, combined with constraints in the rule base, to hierarchically analyze the physical connections and functional collaborations between devices, ultimately forming a structured association system.

[0057] First, starting from the physical topology dimension, the hard connections between devices are reconstructed using the topological connection path attributes bound to the devices. Directly connected device pairs are identified by comparing the input or output port attributes of the devices in the digital drawings, marking the connection type and wire specifications, and constructing a physical topology diagram of the devices and connection points. Simultaneously, the compliance of connections is verified by combining topology constraint rules in the rule base, and abnormal connections that do not conform to the rules are marked to ensure the correctness of the basic logic of the physical connections.

[0058] Furthermore, the dynamic interaction relationships between devices are analyzed from the perspective of signal transmission. Based on the signal type and transmission direction attributes of the devices, the complete signal link from the source device to the terminal device is traced. Combined with the signal transmission rules in the rule base, the presence of necessary conversion devices in the link is checked, the complete transmission path is completed, and the conversion nodes and processing methods of signals between devices are identified.

[0059] In terms of functional logic, the focus is on the causal relationships and coordination mechanisms between devices. Utilizing the functional label attributes and action threshold attributes of the devices, and associating them with functional constraint rules in the rule base, a causal chain is constructed: when the current transformer's detected value exceeds the protection device's threshold, the protection device is triggered, which in turn drives the circuit breaker to trip. Simultaneously, the circuit breaker's position feedback attribute triggers the indicator light state switching feedback rule, forming a functional closed loop of multi-device coordination. For complex logic involving multiple conditions, the power supply voltage attributes of the closing coil and the state attributes of the tripping circuit are integrated. Through combined constraint rules in the rule base, the logical relationships are clarified, ensuring the completeness of the conditions for multi-device coordinated action.

[0060] Finally, the correlation results from the three dimensions of physical topology, signal transmission, and functional logic are integrated into a unified logical correlation model, stored in the form of device nodes, associated edges, and constraint labels: nodes represent devices, associated edges indicate connection types, and constraint labels record the corresponding rule IDs. This model includes both static connection information between devices and the causal and temporal relationships of dynamic interactions, providing a computable logical network for subsequent simulation software. This allows the software to simulate the operating state of the secondary system based on this model and verify whether device interactions meet the constraint requirements in the rule base.

[0061] The development of runtime software for performing secondary system rule verification, which loads the mapping table and rule base through the runtime software, specifically includes: Develop runtime software that includes a data access layer, a rule parsing layer, a core processing layer, and an interactive display layer; The data access layer adapts to digital drawing formats, extracts device attribute information and converts it into a standardized data format, and connects to the rule base through a database connection protocol to read structured logical expressions and related information; The rule parsing layer uses a built-in rule engine to convert structured logical expressions into executable logical formulas and associates them with corresponding parameter thresholds and device attribute fields. The core processing layer verifies the completeness of device attribute information and fills in missing attributes using default values ​​from the rule base, verifies the syntactic correctness of rule logical expressions and marks abnormal rules, and establishes an association index between the device's unique identifier and the rule ID. The interactive presentation layer provides a visual interface to monitor the loading progress, highlights missing attributes and abnormal rules, and supports manual addition or correction.

[0062] Specifically, by developing specialized software with data integration, rule parsing, and logic execution capabilities, technical support will be provided for subsequent simulation operations and verification. This software should be designed with compatibility, efficiency, and scalability as its core objectives, and use a modular architecture to achieve accurate loading and retrieval of previous data.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, from a software architecture design perspective, it needs to include four core modules: a data access layer, a rule parsing layer, a core processing layer, and an interactive display layer. The data access layer is responsible for adapting to the diverse formats of digital drawings. It extracts structured device attribute information from the drawings using a pre-defined parsing engine, converts it into a standardized data format recognizable by the software, and establishes a mapping relationship between unique device identifiers and attribute values. Regarding the loading of the rule base, the data access layer connects to the relational database of the rule base through a database connection protocol. It batch reads structured logical expressions according to the index structure of function type—constraint type, and synchronously obtains the standard basis, parameter thresholds, and verification status associated with each rule, ensuring the integrity of the rule information.

[0064] The rule parsing layer is the core of the software's logic verification, transforming loaded structured logical expressions into executable computer instructions. Through its built-in rule engine, it performs syntax parsing on IF-THEN format conditional constraints, temporal constraints, and topological constraints, converting natural language-described rules into machine-computable logical formulas. Simultaneously, it associates the corresponding parameter thresholds with device attribute fields, ensuring that the rule parsing results are directly correlated with the actual attribute data of the device.

[0065] The core processing layer needs to implement integrity verification and association mapping for data loading. After loading device attribute information, it automatically checks for missing attributes and completes them by calling default value rules from the rule base. When loading the rule base, it verifies the logical expressions of the rules for syntax errors, marks abnormal rules, and prompts for manual intervention. Simultaneously, the core processing layer needs to establish a real-time association index between device attributes and rules. Through the mapping relationship between the device's unique identifier and the rule ID, it ensures that the corresponding rules can be quickly invoked to judge the device's interactive behavior during subsequent simulations.

[0066] The interactive display layer needs to provide a visual interface to support real-time monitoring of data loading status. This should include a progress bar and status icons to display the loading progress of device attribute information and the rule base, highlighting missing attributes and abnormal rules and providing detailed viewing functionality. Simultaneously, users should be able to manually supplement missing data or correct rule errors through the interface to ensure the accuracy of the loaded device attribute information and rule base content.

[0067] Through the development and data loading process of this software, the previously scattered digital drawing attribute information and rule base resources were integrated into a unified digital verification environment. The software not only realized the structured storage and retrieval of device attributes, but also completed the machine-executable transformation of rules, providing stable tool support for subsequent rule-based simulation operation and automatic verification, and becoming a key link connecting data preparation and verification execution.

[0068] S4. Perform simulation calculations of the secondary system through the running software, check the logical relationship between devices according to the principle of positive and negative power supply of the secondary circuit, generate simulation results, and automatically check the correctness of the secondary drawings based on the simulation results. The process of simulating the operation of the secondary system using the software, checking the logical relationships between devices based on the principle of positive and negative power supplies in the secondary circuit, and generating simulation results includes: A power network model is constructed based on the power attributes and topology connection paths of the secondary system device, and the positive and negative power access points, loop impedance parameters and power switching logic of the secondary system device are clarified. In the developed software, scenarios are simulated, and the correctness of the power supply connection and the matching of signal transmission with the power supply circuit are checked based on the principle of positive and negative power supply of secondary circuit in various scenario simulations. The software collects the device's power status, signal transmission parameters, and action timing in real time, compares them with the constraint rules in the rule base based on the principle of positive and negative power supply, marks logical conflict points and associates them with corresponding rule IDs, and outputs inspection results including power circuit compliance and device interaction logic correctness.

[0069] Specifically, the software is used to simulate the operation of the secondary system. Based on the principle of positive and negative power supplies in the secondary circuit, the logical relationships between devices are checked by simulating the dynamic operation of the secondary system using developed verification software. The integrity of the power supply circuit is used as the core verification benchmark to verify whether the interaction logic of the devices conforms to the design rules and actual operating laws. The core logic is that the actions of all devices in the secondary circuit depend on the closed loop formed by the positive and negative power supplies. By simulating the entire process of power on / off, signal transmission, and device actions, power dependency defects or rule conflicts in the logical relationships can be accurately located.

[0070] The simulation calculations must proceed according to the process of power circuit modeling, multi-condition simulation, and logic compliance verification. First, the software constructs a complete power network model based on the device power attributes and topology connection paths extracted from the digital drawings, annotating the power access point, circuit impedance parameters, and power switching logic of each device. This model must strictly adhere to the core principle that the formation of a closed loop between positive and negative power supplies is a prerequisite for device operation; that is, the signal transmission or execution of any device must satisfy the continuity of the path between the positive power input terminal, the internal circuit of the device, and the negative power input terminal.

[0071] In multi-condition simulation, the software needs to simulate the dynamic processes of typical scenarios such as normal operation, fault triggering, and power abnormality. Under normal operation, the software injects basic signals into the system according to a preset timing sequence, and tracks the power status and signal interaction of each device: when the current signal is transmitted to the sampling terminal of the protection device through the secondary side of the current transformer, the software verifies whether the transmission path includes both positive power supply and negative power return, and judges the compliance of the path by the constraint that signal transmission must be accompanied by a complete power circuit in the rule base; when the signal reaches the protection device's action threshold, the software simulates the protection device to output a trip command, and simultaneously checks the power integrity of the command transmission path, verifying whether the link of command output, intermediate relay action, and circuit breaker tripping conforms to the logical rule of power following signal transmission.

[0072] In fault-triggered scenarios, the software simulates the injection of abnormal signals such as short circuits and overcurrents, focusing on verifying the coordination between device logic and power supply status. For example, when simulating a 10kV line overcurrent fault, the software first confirms the continuity of the positive and negative power supply circuits of the protection device through the power supply model, and then monitors whether the overcurrent signal transmitted by the current transformer exceeds the protection device's operating threshold. When the protection device meets the operating conditions, the software calculates the time point of its output trip command and tracks the transmission process of the command through the intermediate relay to the circuit breaker trip coil. By comparing the time the command is issued with the time the trip coil power is turned on, it verifies whether the timing constraint of power supply first—command issued later is met. At the same time, the software checks whether the feedback signal path after the circuit breaker trips depends on an independent signal power supply circuit, ensuring that the feedback signal can still be transmitted normally when the main circuit power supply fails.

[0073] For power failure scenarios, the software simulates power circuit interruption or switching processes to verify the fault tolerance of the device logic. When simulating a momentary loss of positive power, the software monitors whether the protection device enters the lockout state according to the rules and checks whether its output power failure alarm signal is transmitted through the signal loop of the uninterruptible power supply to ensure that the alarm logic does not depend on the faulty power supply. When simulating dual power supply switching, the software calculates the power interruption duration at the moment of switching to verify whether the critical devices maintain their original state during the interruption and whether they automatically restore normal logic judgment after the switching is completed, which meets the constraint that power switching should not cause device malfunction.

[0074] Throughout the simulation, the software compares the real-time collected device power status, signal transmission parameters, and action timing with the constraints in the rule base. Non-compliance items are marked as anomalies, and the corresponding device attributes and rule IDs are associated with them. Finally, the software generates a simulation log containing power loop integrity verification results, device action logic compliance reports, and anomaly location information. This provides a dynamic operational basis for subsequent automatic verification, ensuring that the logical relationships between devices conform to both functional rules and the physical characteristics of the positive and negative power loops.

[0075] The automatic verification of the correctness of the secondary drawing content based on the simulation results specifically includes: By developing software, the physical topology diagram, signal transmission link and power network model generated by the simulation operation are compared point by point with the schematic wiring diagram and terminal block diagram in the digital drawings to verify the consistency of the topology connection. Based on the timing and path parameters of signal transmission in the simulation, check the signal flow direction and delay requirements marked in the drawings, mark the path missing or timing limit exceeded issues, and associate them with rule base constraints; Based on the simulated power configuration results, verify the correctness of the power access points, circuit numbers, and backup power design in the drawings, and locate the problems. Compare the causal chain of the simulated functional logic with the functional flow of the drawing design to check for any functional omissions or logical conflicts, and automatically trace back the matching results of device attributes and rules to generate an error tracing chain. The problem is classified according to its severity through a hierarchical verification mechanism, and a verification report is generated.

[0076] Specifically, by comparing the dynamic results of the simulation with the static design information of the secondary drawings, the system accurately identifies topological errors, logical conflicts, or parameter inconsistencies in the drawings, ultimately generating verification conclusions that can be directly used for drawing correction. This process uses simulation data as a benchmark, combined with the digital information of the drawings and rule base constraints, to achieve full-dimensional automatic verification of the drawing content.

[0077] Specifically, automatic verification requires building a multi-dimensional comparison system around the core elements of the secondary drawings. First, regarding the correctness of the topology in the drawings, the software compares the simulated physical topology diagram with the schematic wiring diagram and terminal block diagram in the drawings point by point: by associating the corresponding components in the drawings with the unique identifier of the device, it verifies whether the actual conductive connection path in the simulation is consistent with the connection relationship marked on the drawing. If the simulation finds that the secondary side of the current transformer is actually connected to the metering device instead of the protection device designed in the drawing, the software will mark the topology misconnection and locate the incorrect wiring position of the corresponding terminal block in the drawing.

[0078] To ensure the compliance of signal transmission paths, the software extracts the complete signal link from the source to the terminal in the simulation and compares it with the signal flow direction marked in the drawings for timing and path matching. For example, the drawings indicate that the trip command of the protection device directly drives the circuit breaker, but the simulation reveals that the rule base requires the trip command to be isolated, i.e., it needs to be converted through an intermediate relay. If the intermediate relay is not shown in the drawings, the signal path is marked as missing. If the signal transmission delay in the simulation exceeds the maximum allowable value designed in the drawings, the software will associate it with the constraints in the rule base, determine that the timing parameters are inconsistent, and locate the problem of excessively long wires not marked in the drawings. In terms of power configuration verification, the software verifies the correctness of the power access points, circuit numbers, and backup power design in the drawings based on the simulated power network model.

[0079] To ensure functional logic compatibility, the software compares the causal chains triggered in the simulation with the functional flow designed in the drawings. If the overcurrent protection action in the drawing design triggers both tripping and alarming, but the simulation only executes tripping without triggering an alarm, the software will call the constraint in the rule base that the protection action must be linked to an alarm, check whether the alarm signal loop design in the drawing is missing, and mark the missing functional logic.

[0080] To ensure the accuracy of the verification, the software employs a tiered verification and intelligent tracing mechanism: errors that directly affect circuit continuity, such as incorrect topology connections and reverse power connections, are classified as serious errors and prioritized for labeling; non-fatal issues, such as excessive signal delays and parameter deviations, are classified as warnings and associated with the allowable error range in the rule base. For complex errors, such as discrepancies between protection action logic and drawing design, the software automatically backtracks and generates an error tracing chain.

[0081] Ultimately, the software automatically generates a structured verification report, listing issues categorized as critical errors, warnings, and compliance. Each issue includes: drawing location information, error description, simulation test basis, associated rule ID, and correction suggestions. This report is directly linked to the editable version of the digitized drawing, allowing users to click on the error location to jump to the corresponding node on the drawing, achieving seamless integration of verification, location, and correction, and completing a closed-loop verification of the correctness of the drawing content.

[0082] Example 2: In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, an automatic verification device for secondary circuits in a substation is provided to implement the aforementioned automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation, comprising: The logical relationship analysis module is used to analyze and summarize the logical relationships between devices under the operating conditions of the secondary circuit; The rule extraction module is used to extract the rules between devices under the operating conditions of the secondary loop; The rule base storage module is used to store the rules extracted by the rule extraction module, forming a structured rule base; The digital drawing parsing and binding module is used to parse digital drawings to extract device attribute information and bind device attributes with rules in the rule base to generate mapping relationships; The logical association construction module is used to construct physical topology, signal transmission, and functional logical associations between secondary system devices based on the bound device attributes. The software development and data loading module is used to develop rule verification and operation software, and to load device attribute information and rule base from digital drawings through this software; The simulation operation module is used to simulate the operating state of the secondary system through the developed software and to check the logical relationship between devices based on the principle of positive and negative power supply of the secondary circuit. The automatic verification module is used to automatically verify the correctness of the secondary drawings based on the simulation results and generate a verification report.

[0083] In this embodiment, the automatic verification device for secondary circuits in substations achieves full-process automation from data acquisition and rule processing to simulation verification through modular design.

[0084] The logical relationship analysis module is the core of the device's data perception and logical extraction, responsible for initiating the source analysis for automatic verification. Its inputs include historical operating data of the substation's secondary circuits, typical design schemes, and industry standards and specifications. Through built-in intelligent analysis algorithms, it identifies the dynamic interaction patterns between devices under different operating states, ultimately outputting a sequence of device interaction events, providing the original logical basis for subsequent rule extraction. This sequence of device interaction events refers to the dynamic interaction records formed chronologically by different devices in the secondary circuit during operation; it is a temporal description of the relationships between devices, such as signal transmission and action triggering.

[0085] The rule extraction module, acting as the rule generation engine, takes the device interaction event sequence output by the logical relationship analysis module as input. Combining power industry standards and on-site operation and maintenance experience, it extracts universally applicable constraint rules. The specific process involves: performing structured parsing of the event sequence to transform actual interactions into conditional constraints; extracting topological constraints for topology connection scenarios; and standardizing the extracted rules by uniformly adopting IF-THEN logical expressions, labeling applicable scenarios, and associating them with standard clauses and priorities. Finally, it outputs structured rule text, providing input for the rule base storage module.

[0086] The rule base storage module, serving as the device's rule hub, is responsible for the systematic pipeline of structured rules output by the rule extraction module. It employs a relational database to construct a three-tiered storage architecture: functional category—constraint type—rule content. Each rule record includes fields such as a unique identifier, logical expression, parameter threshold, standard basis, and verification status. It also supports dynamic rule updates; when a new rule is extracted, it automatically checks for conflicts with existing rules, and if successful, categorizes it accordingly. When industry standards are updated, it can batch revise associated rules and retain historical versions to ensure traceability. Furthermore, this module provides standardized interfaces for rule query and invocation services to subsequent digital drawing parsing and binding modules and simulation operation modules.

[0087] The digital drawing parsing and binding module acts as a bridge between drawing data and rules, realizing the association mapping between digital drawings and the rule base. Its processing flow is as follows: It performs the parsing function through image recognition and attribute extraction algorithms, reading the physical attributes, functional attributes, and topological attributes of the device from the digital drawing to generate a structured device attribute table; simultaneously, it performs the binding function based on fields such as function tags and device type in the device attribute table, calling the interface of the rule base storage module to match the corresponding rule set, generating a triplet binding relationship table of device ID—attribute—rule ID, ensuring that the verification rules for each device can be accurately invoked.

[0088] The logical association construction module, acting as the builder of the device interaction network, takes the device attribute table and binding relationship table output by the digital drawing parsing and binding module as input to construct a multi-dimensional device logical network: In terms of physical topology association, it generates a physical connection diagram of device-terminal-wire-device based on the terminal connection path attributes of the device and labels the connection type; in terms of signal transmission association, it constructs a transmission link of signal source-intermediate device-terminal device based on signal type and transmission direction attributes; in terms of functional logic association, it constructs a causal chain of condition-action-feedback by combining functional labels and binding rules, and finally outputs a secondary loop logical association model including physical, signal, and functional associations, providing a basic network for simulation operation.

[0089] The software development and data loading module, serving as the tool for simulation verification, is responsible for developing dedicated running software and loading all the data required for verification. Its core functions are: constructing a software architecture comprising a data access layer, a rule parsing layer, a core processing layer, and an interactive display layer to support the import and parsing of digital drawing attributes, rule bases, and logical association models; reading device attribute tables and logical association models through the data access layer and converting them into a standardized format recognizable by the software; loading rule sets from the rule base through a database connection protocol and converting them into executable logic code through the rule parsing layer; automatically checking data integrity and rule validity during loading and prompting users to complete or correct rules through the interactive display layer to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation data.

[0090] The simulation operation module, acting as the executor of dynamic verification, relies on the logical association model and executable rules prepared by the software development and data loading modules to simulate various operating scenarios of the secondary circuit. It supports simulation of scenarios such as normal operation, fault, and power abnormality, and calculates the action status of the device in real time. At the same time, based on the principle of positive and negative power closed loop, it monitors the power access status of each device in the simulation to ensure that the power conditions for signal transmission and action execution meet the rules. Finally, it outputs a detailed log of the simulation scenario, device action timing, and rule matching results, and marks abnormal events that do not conform to the rules.

[0091] The automatic verification module, serving as the output terminal for verification conclusions, uses the abnormal event logs from the simulation operation module as its core input. Combined with the original design information from the digital drawings, it generates a verification report. Specifically, it locates errors by associating abnormal events with drawings, classifies and categorizes them according to their severity and type, and labels the associated rule IDs and standard bases. The output is a structured report including error descriptions, drawing locations, simulation data screenshots, and correction suggestions. It also supports linkage with digital drawing software to achieve a closed loop of verification, location, and correction. Each module forms a complete data flow of analysis, extraction, storage, parsing, association, simulation, and verification through data interfaces, ensuring that design defects in the substation's secondary circuits can be automatically identified, significantly improving verification efficiency and accuracy.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation, characterized in that, include: S1. Analyze the logical relationships between devices under the secondary loop operation state, extract the rules between devices under the secondary loop operation state from the logical relationships, convert the extracted rules into structured logical expressions and verify them, and store the verified structured logical expressions in the rule base. S2. Parse and extract device attribute information from the digital drawings, bind the device attributes in the digital drawings with the rules in the rule base, and generate a mapping table; S3. Based on the binding results, a logical association model between secondary system devices in the digital drawings is formed; S4. Based on the formed logical association model, perform simulation calculations on the secondary system, check the logical relationship between devices according to the principle of positive and negative power supply of the secondary circuit, generate simulation results, and automatically verify the correctness of the secondary drawings based on the simulation results.

2. The automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the analysis of the logical relationships between devices under the secondary circuit operating state includes: Acquire real-time operating data of the secondary circuit under normal and fault conditions; The secondary circuit is decomposed into sub-circuits according to functional attributes, and the dynamic interaction process of the devices in each sub-circuit is analyzed, including the interaction nodes, signal flow and action dependencies of the devices in each sub-circuit. By comparing across sub-circuits, common characteristics are extracted, including the logical relationships of signal flow, triggering conditions, feedback paths, and power constraints. Simulate abnormal scenarios and conduct field tests to supplement the device interaction patterns under abnormal conditions.

3. The automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the steps for extracting the rules between devices under the secondary loop operating state and converting the extracted rules into structured logic expressions are as follows: The logical relationships of analysis and induction are classified according to functional scenarios; By stripping away the unique characteristics of the device, we can extract its common rules. The common rules for the aforementioned devices are supplemented by technical specifications of the power industry to form standardized rules; The normalization rules are transformed into structured logical expressions and verified. The normalization rules include adopting conditional formatting, setting trigger logic, supplementing timing constraints, defining interaction time limits, and formulating topological constraints to standardize connection relationships.

4. The automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the specific steps for storing the verified structured logic expression in the rule base are as follows: The verified structured logical expression is preprocessed and assigned a unique identifier; the preprocessing includes rule-based functional type labeling and classification, associating secondary loop scenarios; the text of the logical expression of the rule is retained, including the specific threshold of the parameters in the expression, the corresponding industry standard basis, and the verification status; Establish a two-tiered index storage architecture using a relational database; In the two-level index storage architecture, the function type is the first-level directory, and each directory is set with second-level subdirectories according to the constraint type of the rule; each rule is stored as an independent record in the corresponding subdirectory, and the record fields include unique identifier, category label, applicable scenario, logical expression, parameter threshold, standard basis, verification status and creation time; Establish a dynamic rule base management mechanism; in the dynamic rule base management mechanism, when adding a rule, use an automated verification tool to check for conflicts between the new rule and existing rules, and verify the integrity of the structured attributes of the new rule; when updating a rule, retain historical version records; when deleting a rule, check whether there is a reference in the secondary loop verification task.

5. The automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the device attribute information in the digitized drawings is parsed and extracted. The device attributes in the digitized drawings are then bound to the rules in the rule base to generate a mapping table. The specific steps are as follows: The digital drawings are analyzed to construct a set of device attribute information. Based on the device attribute information set, the corresponding rules are selected from the rule base to form a triplet mapping relationship between device, attribute and rule; The association between attributes and rules is handled through an intelligent reasoning mechanism; when there is implicit information in the device attributes, the implicit condition judgment in the rule base is automatically triggered; for scenarios with joint constraints of multiple attributes, the voltage level and power type attributes are retrieved at the same time, and the corresponding rules are called for combined verification; the missing attributes in the drawings are completed by using the default value rules in the rule base. The binding results are stored as a structured mapping table, recording the unique identifier of each device, the extracted attribute values, the matching rule ID, and the association confidence level.

6. The automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the logical association model is an integration of association results across three dimensions: physical topology, signal transmission, and functional logic. Specifically, it includes: Based on the topological connection path attributes of the device binding, combined with the constraint relationships in the rule base, the physical connection relationships between devices are identified hierarchically, a physical topology graph is constructed, and the connection compliance is verified in combination with the topological constraint rules in the rule base. By utilizing the signal type and transmission direction attributes of the device, the complete link of the signal from the source to the terminal is traced, and the necessary conversion nodes are supplemented by combining the signal transmission rules in the rule base to complete the complete transmission path and clarify the conversion and processing methods of the signal between devices. By using the device's function tags and action threshold attributes, and associating them with functional constraint rules in the rule base, a causal chain is constructed; the function tags refer to the identifying information used to clarify the core functions of the device; the action threshold attributes refer to the critical parameter values ​​at which the device triggers specific actions.

7. The automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, based on the formed logical association model, the secondary system is simulated and calculated. According to the principle of positive and negative power supplies in the secondary circuit, the logical relationships between devices are checked, and simulation results are generated, including: A power network model is constructed based on the power attributes and topology connection paths of the secondary system device, and the positive and negative power access points, loop impedance parameters and power switching logic of the secondary system device are clarified. Simulate various operating scenarios and check the correctness of the power supply connection and the matching of signal transmission with the power supply circuit based on the principle of positive and negative power supply in the secondary circuit. During the simulation, the device's power status, signal transmission parameters, and action timing are collected in real time and compared with the constraint rules in the rule base based on the principle of positive and negative power supply. Logical conflict points are marked and associated with the corresponding rule IDs, and the output includes the inspection results of power circuit compliance and device interaction logic correctness.

8. The automatic verification method for secondary circuits in a substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the automatic verification of the correctness of the secondary drawing content based on the simulation results specifically includes: The simulation results include the physical topology diagram, signal transmission link and power network model generated during the simulation. The simulation results are compared point by point with the schematic wiring diagram and terminal block diagram in the digital drawings to verify the consistency of the topology connection. Based on the timing and path parameters of signal transmission in the simulation, check the signal flow direction and delay requirements marked in the drawings, mark the path missing or timing limit exceeded issues, and associate them with rule base constraints; Based on the simulated power configuration results, verify the correctness of the power access points, circuit numbers, and backup power design in the drawings, and locate the problems. Compare the causal chain of the simulated functional logic with the functional flow of the drawing design to check for any functional omissions or logical conflicts, and automatically trace back the matching results of device attributes and rules to generate an error tracing chain. The problem is classified according to its severity through a hierarchical verification mechanism, and a verification report is generated.

9. An automatic verification device for substation secondary circuits using the method described in any one of claims 1-8, comprising a logic relationship analysis module, a rule extraction module, a rule base storage module, a digital drawing parsing and binding module, a logic association construction module, a software development and data loading module, a simulation operation module, and an automatic verification module, characterized in that: The logical relationship analysis module is used to analyze and summarize the logical relationships between devices under the operating conditions of the secondary circuit; The rule extraction module is used to extract the rules between devices under the operating conditions of the secondary loop; The rule base storage module is used to store the rules extracted by the rule extraction module, forming a structured rule base; The digital drawing parsing and binding module is used to parse digital drawings to extract device attribute information and bind device attributes with rules in the rule base to generate mapping relationships; The logical association construction module is used to construct physical topology, signal transmission, and functional logical associations between secondary system devices based on the bound device attributes. The software development and data loading module is used to develop rule verification and operation software, and to load device attribute information and rule base from digital drawings through this software; The simulation operation module is used to simulate the operating state of the secondary system through the developed software and to check the logical relationship between devices based on the principle of positive and negative power supply of the secondary circuit. The automatic verification module is used to automatically verify the correctness of the secondary drawings based on the simulation results and generate a verification report.

10. A terminal, comprising a processor and a storage medium; characterized in that: The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

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