Decoupling radiation unit, multi-frequency common-aperture array and base station antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of communication equipment, in particular to a decoupling radiation unit, a multi-frequency common-aperture array and a base station antenna. The invention provides a decoupling radiation unit, which is based on the fusion of various decoupling technologies, and is characterized in that a resonance ring is arranged at the strongest induction current of a radiation oscillator arm, and a frequency point is formed by virtue of the resonance characteristic of the resonance ring; first branches are arranged on the two sides of a current secondary strong position, the first branches and the radiation arms jointly form an LC parallel resonance structure with low-pass and high-resistance characteristics, self work of the unit is not interfered, and a second frequency point is formed; meanwhile, metal patches are additionally arranged in the annular oscillator arms to form a frequency selective surface structure, a third frequency point is provided on the premise that the performance of the low-frequency antenna is not affected, and wide-frequency-band wave-transparent regulation and control are achieved through multi-frequency-point collaborative superposition. The unit achieves the broadband wave transmission characteristic through multi-technology fusion, and the wave transmission performance can be flexibly adjusted according to actual application requirements while the decoupling effect is achieved, so that the unit is adaptive to the use requirements of different scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication equipment technology, specifically to a decoupling radiation unit, a multi-frequency common aperture array, and a base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In the 5G era, base station antennas have gradually evolved from single-mode to multi-frequency, multi-mode. Limited by site and rooftop resources, coupled with the relatively low energy efficiency of existing antennas, future multi-frequency, multi-mode base station antennas need to achieve optimal performance within an extremely compact space. Interleaved multi-band base station antennas have attracted widespread attention due to their relatively small overall size and flexible high- and low-frequency array configurations. However, this type of antenna has inherent problems: low-frequency antennas can obstruct high-frequency antennas, leading to severe distortion of the high-frequency antenna pattern.

[0003] The current mainstream technical solutions mainly involve adding a filter structure to the existing antenna to achieve high-frequency decoupling, or designing a low-scattering FSS unit based on FSS (Frequency Selective Surface) technology, and then constructing the FSS unit into an antenna. This allows the constructed antenna to have both decoupling characteristics and the ability to radiate signals into space, while the scattering and radiation performance of the antenna can be easily controlled independently.

[0004] Existing technical solutions have significant drawbacks. The decoupling effect of adding filtering structures to existing antennas is mutually constrained by the antenna's own performance, making it difficult to achieve both simultaneously. Furthermore, the design process is cumbersome and complex, requiring repeated trial and error and time-consuming optimization adjustments, resulting in low design efficiency and making it difficult to meet the high-efficiency R&D requirements of multi-frequency and multi-standard antennas. Solutions based on FSS (Frequency Selective Surface) technology have performance limitations. This solution typically only achieves a single low point in the normalized radar cross-section (RCS), meaning it only possesses narrowband decoupling characteristics and cannot meet the practical application requirements of broadband decoupling for multi-frequency and multi-standard base station antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a decoupled radiation unit, comprising a dielectric substrate and radiation arms. Multiple radiation arms are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate. Each radiation arm includes a first node and a second node. A resonant ring is disposed at the first node, and a first branch is symmetrically disposed at the second node. The first branch and the radiation arm form a parallel resonant structure.

[0006] According to one embodiment of this application, the radiating arm is surrounded by a frame structure, and a metal patch is disposed inside the frame structure to adjust the wave transmission performance of the radiating arm.

[0007] According to one embodiment of this application, the induced current intensity of the first node is greater than that of the induced current intensity of the second node.

[0008] According to one embodiment of this application, the radiating arm includes two first nodes and two second nodes. The two first nodes are located on two adjacent sides of the radiating arm, and the two second nodes are located on two other adjacent sides of the radiating arm.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this application, the first branch is symmetrically arranged in an "L" shape on both sides of the edge of the radiating arm, and the resonant ring is opened on one side.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this application, a resonant ring is used to prevent the induced current on the radiating arm from radiating in the high-frequency band, so that the radiating arm has a frequency point.

[0011] The first branch forms a parallel resonance with the radiating arm, causing the radiating arm to have another frequency point.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this application, a support structure is installed at the bottom of the dielectric substrate. The support structure includes four support columns. A balun balancer is disposed in the gap area formed by the four support columns. One end of the balun balancer is connected to the middle of the dielectric substrate, and the other end is connected to a base plate.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this application, a pair of balun balancers are disposed at the bottom of the dielectric substrate. The balun balancers include multiple microstrip lines of different widths and lengths, two symmetrically arranged transmission lines, and the pair of balun balancers includes two balun balancers at different angles.

[0014] This application provides a multi-frequency common-aperture array, including a decoupling radiation element as described above, and a reflector. Multiple decoupling radiation elements are disposed on the reflector, and multiple high-frequency radiation elements are symmetrically and spaced apart on both sides of each decoupling radiation element.

[0015] It also includes two sets of high-frequency radiation units, each set of high-frequency radiation units including four first radiation units and four second radiation units, with decoupling radiation units nested between the high-frequency radiation units.

[0016] This application provides a base station antenna, including a multi-frequency common-aperture array as described above or a decoupled radiating element as described above.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the significant technological advancement of this application lies in the following: This decoupling radiating element is based on the integration of multiple decoupling technologies. A resonant ring is placed at the point where the induced current is strongest in the radiating dipole arm, utilizing its resonant characteristics to form a frequency point. First branches are placed on both sides at the point where the current is second strongest, forming a parallel LC resonant structure with low-pass and high-impedance characteristics together with the radiating arm, forming a second frequency point without interfering with the element's own operation. Simultaneously, metal patches are added inside the ring dipole arm to form a frequency selective surface structure, providing a third frequency point while ensuring that the performance of the low-frequency antenna is not affected. The synergistic superposition of multiple frequency points achieves wideband transmission control. This element achieves broadband transmission characteristics through the integration of multiple technologies, meeting the application requirements of multi-frequency common-aperture antennas. While achieving decoupling effects, the transmission performance can be flexibly adjusted according to actual application needs, adapting to different usage scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the decoupling radiation unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the decoupled radiating unit structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the RCS performance of the decoupled radiation unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balun balancer provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the impedance matching simulation results of the decoupled radiation unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-frequency common-aperture array provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiating unit, the second radiating unit, and the multi-frequency common port array provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 100-Dielectric substrate; 200-Radiating arm; 210-First node; 220-Second node; 230-Resonant ring; 240-First spur; 300-Metal patch; 400-Baron balancer; 500-Reflector; 600-Supporting structure.

[0029] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] First, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0032] Secondly, it should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate the direction or positional relationship, are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0033] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In the description of this application, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this application, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0035] In the 5G era, base station antennas have gradually evolved from single-mode to multi-frequency, multi-mode. Limited by site and rooftop resources, coupled with the relatively low energy efficiency of existing antennas, future multi-frequency, multi-mode base station antennas need to achieve optimal performance within an extremely compact space. Interleaved multi-band base station antennas have attracted widespread attention due to their relatively small overall size and flexible high- and low-frequency array configurations. However, this type of antenna has inherent problems: low-frequency antennas can obstruct high-frequency antennas, leading to severe distortion of the high-frequency antenna pattern.

[0036] The current mainstream technical solutions mainly involve adding a filter structure to the existing antenna to achieve high-frequency decoupling, or designing a low-scattering FSS unit based on FSS (Frequency Selective Surface) technology, and then constructing the FSS unit into an antenna. This allows the constructed antenna to have both decoupling characteristics and the ability to radiate signals into space, while the scattering and radiation performance of the antenna can be easily controlled independently.

[0037] Existing technical solutions have significant drawbacks. The decoupling effect of adding filtering structures to existing antennas is mutually constrained by the antenna's own performance, making it difficult to achieve both simultaneously. Furthermore, the design process is cumbersome and complex, requiring repeated trial and error and time-consuming optimization adjustments, resulting in low design efficiency and making it difficult to meet the high-efficiency R&D requirements of multi-frequency and multi-standard antennas. Solutions based on FSS (Frequency Selective Surface) technology have performance limitations. This solution typically only achieves a single low point in the normalized radar cross-section (RCS), meaning it only possesses narrowband decoupling characteristics and cannot meet the practical application requirements of broadband decoupling for multi-frequency and multi-standard base station antennas.

[0038] To solve the above technical problems, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, this application provides a decoupled radiation unit, including a dielectric substrate 100 and radiation arms 200. Multiple radiation arms 200 are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate 100. Each radiation arm 200 includes a first node 210 and a second node 220. A resonant ring 230 is provided at the first node 210, and a first branch 240 is symmetrically arranged at the second node 220. The first branch 240 and the radiation arm 200 form a parallel resonant structure.

[0039] It should be noted that the working principle of the decoupling radiation unit in this application is based on multiple decoupling technologies. In the radiating dipole arm 200 on the surface of the dielectric substrate 100, a resonant ring 230 is set at the first node 210 with the strongest induced current. By utilizing its resonant characteristics, the radiating arm 200 forms a frequency point on the normalized radar cross section. First branches 240 are set on both sides of the second node 220 with the second strongest induced current in the radiating arm 200. The first branches 240 and the radiating arm 200 together form an LC parallel resonant structure with low-pass and high-impedance characteristics. This allows the radiating arm 200 to form a second frequency point without interfering with the operation of the decoupling radiation unit itself. At the same time, a metal patch 300 is added inside the ring dipole arm 200 to form a frequency selective surface structure. This structure can provide another frequency point while ensuring that the performance of the low-frequency antenna is not affected. Through the synergistic superposition of multiple frequency points, wide-band transmission control can be achieved.

[0040] To meet the requirements of narrowband high-performance wave transmission, a combination of interrupted stubs and parallel filter stubs can be used; to achieve broadband or multi-band wave transmission, a frequency-selective surface structure, an open resonant ring 230 at the first node 210, and a parallel filter first stub 240 at the second node 220 can be integrated.

[0041] This decoupling radiating element achieves broadband transparency characteristics through the fusion of multiple decoupling techniques, meeting the application requirements of multi-frequency common-aperture antennas. While achieving decoupling, the transparency performance of the decoupling radiating element comprising the dielectric substrate 100, radiating arm 200, resonant ring 230, and first stub 240 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual application requirements, adapting to the usage requirements of different scenarios.

[0042] According to one embodiment of this application, the radiating arm 200 is surrounded by a frame structure, and a metal patch 300 is disposed within the frame structure to regulate the wave transmission performance of the radiating arm 200.

[0043] It should be noted that the frame structure formed by the radiating arm 200 provides a basic path for electromagnetic signal radiation. The metal patch 300 can have specific frequency response characteristics through the design of its own shape, size and other parameters. It can interact with the electromagnetic field generated by the frame-shaped radiating arm 200, selectively allowing electromagnetic waves of the target frequency band to pass through, while forming a reasonable constraint on electromagnetic waves of non-target frequency bands. This allows for precise control of the wave transmission performance of the radiating arm 200, and this process will not interfere with the radiation function of the radiating arm 200 itself or the supporting role of the dielectric substrate 100.

[0044] Furthermore, the radiating arm 200 is pre-formed into a frame structure, and the metal patch 300 is directly fixed inside the frame structure. In practical applications, according to the specific wave transmission requirements of the multi-frequency common aperture antenna, the frequency response characteristics of the metal patch 300 can be changed by adjusting key parameters such as the shape and size, thereby achieving targeted control of the wave transmission frequency band and wave transmission efficiency of the radiating arm 200 without modifying the frame structure of the radiating arm 200 or the dielectric substrate 100.

[0045] This structure achieves controllable wave transmission performance by integrating a metal patch 300 within the frame structure enclosed by the radiating arm 200, providing reliable support for the decoupled radiating element to adapt to different frequency band requirements of multi-frequency common-aperture antennas. The placement of the metal patch 300 does not disrupt the original frame structure and radiation performance of the radiating arm 200, nor does it affect the support stability of the dielectric substrate 100. While ensuring the working performance of the decoupled radiating element itself, it effectively expands the flexibility of wave transmission control.

[0046] According to one embodiment of this application, the induced current intensity of the first node 210 is greater than that of the second node 220. The radiating arm 200 includes two first nodes 210 and two second nodes 220. The two first nodes 210 are located on two adjacent sidelines of the radiating arm 200, and the two second nodes are located on two other adjacent sidelines of the radiating arm 200.

[0047] It should be noted that after the radiating arm 200 forms a frame structure, there are natural differences in the intensity of the surface current distribution. The induced current intensity of the first node 210 is greater than that of the second node 220. Furthermore, the two first nodes 210 are located on two adjacent edges of the radiating arm 200, while the two second nodes 220 are located on two other adjacent edges, which aligns with the current distribution pattern of the frame structure. Due to the higher current intensity at the first node 210, the resonant ring 230 placed there can fully utilize the strong current effect to efficiently excite the target resonant frequency. The current intensity at the second node 220 is moderate, and the parallel resonant structure formed by the symmetrically placed first branch 240 and the radiating arm 200 can generate a second resonant frequency. The adjacent edge distribution of the two first nodes 210 and the two second nodes 220 ensures that the generation of the two frequencies does not interfere with each other and can coordinate with the frequency formed by the metal patch 300, ensuring that the electromagnetic radiation path of the radiating arm 200 itself is not disrupted and maintaining normal operating performance.

[0048] In this application, based on the natural current distribution law of the frame structure of the radiating arm 200, the two adjacent edge lines with the strongest current are determined as the setting positions of the first node 210, and the other two adjacent edge lines with the second strongest current are determined as the setting positions of the second node 220. Then, resonant rings 230 are assembled at the two first nodes 210 respectively, and first branches 240 are symmetrically assembled at the two second nodes 220 respectively. The strong current of the first node 210 drives the resonant ring 230 to generate the first frequency point, and the second strongest current of the second node 220 drives the parallel resonant structure formed by the first branch 240 to generate the second frequency point.

[0049] According to one embodiment of this application, the first branch 240 is symmetrically arranged in an "L" shape on both sides of the edge of the radiating arm 200, and the resonant ring 230 is open on one side.

[0050] It should be noted that the first branch 240 is L-shaped and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the edge of the radiating arm 200. The LC parallel resonant structure formed by the first branch 240 and the radiating arm 200 is more stable. The secondary strong induced current of the second node 220 can be used to uniformly excite the resonant effect to generate the target frequency point, avoiding the electromagnetic distribution imbalance caused by the unilateral layout. The opening on one side of the resonant ring 230 allows adjustment of its equivalent inductance and capacitance parameters, enabling it to form a resonant frequency point under the action of the strong induced current of the first node 210.

[0051] Furthermore, at the second node 220 of the radiating arm 200, the L-shaped first branch 240 is symmetrically fixed on both sides of the edge, so that the two branches and the radiating arm 200 form a symmetrical LC parallel resonant circuit. The circuit is driven by the secondary strong current of the second node 220 to generate resonance, thus generating the second frequency point. At the first node 210, the resonant ring 230 with one side opening is fixedly installed. The strong current of the first node 210 is used to excite the resonant characteristics of the resonant ring 230 to generate the first frequency point. The L-shaped symmetrical design of the first branch 240 improves the stability and consistency of the LC parallel resonant structure, avoids electromagnetic offset that may be caused by a unilateral layout, makes the generation of the second frequency point controllable, and ensures a balanced electromagnetic distribution on the surface of the radiating arm 200.

[0052] According to one embodiment of this application, the resonant ring 230 is used to prevent the induced current on the radiating arm 200 from radiating in the high-frequency band, so that the radiating arm 200 has a frequency point.

[0053] The first branch 240 and the radiating arm 200 form a parallel resonance, causing the radiating arm 200 to have another frequency point.

[0054] It should be noted that the resonant ring 230 is installed at the first node 210 of the radiating arm 200. It possesses specific resonant characteristics. When the induced current on the radiating arm 200 is in a high-frequency band, the resonant ring 230 exhibits corresponding impedance characteristics, thereby preventing the induced current in that frequency band from radiating outwards. Based on this suppression effect, the radiating arm 200 forms a stable frequency point. The first branch 240 is located at the second node 220 of the radiating arm 200, forming an LC parallel resonant circuit together with the structure of the radiating arm 200 itself. This circuit will generate a parallel resonance effect in a specific frequency band. Through this resonance effect, the radiating arm 200 forms another independent frequency point. The generation processes of the two frequency points do not interfere with each other and do not affect the normal radiation function of the radiating arm 200. Simultaneously, they can coordinate with the frequency point formed by the metal patch 300 to provide support for broadband wave transmission.

[0055] Furthermore, the resonant ring 230 is fixedly mounted on the first node 210 of the radiating arm 200. When the radiating arm 200 generates a high-frequency induced current, the resonant ring 230 immediately activates its suppression function to prevent the current from radiating in that frequency band, thereby triggering the formation of the first frequency point. The first branch 240 is symmetrically installed on the second node 220 of the radiating arm 200, naturally forming a parallel resonant circuit with the radiating arm 200. When the induced current of the radiating arm 200 flows through this area, the circuit automatically generates parallel resonance, thereby triggering the formation of the second frequency point. Relying solely on the inherent functions of the resonant ring 230 and the first branch 240, the generation of two frequency points is automatically completed under the action of the current in the radiating arm 200, without changing the frame-shaped main structure of the radiating arm 200 or the support state of the dielectric substrate 100.

[0056] Reference Appendix Figure 3 As shown, the normalized RCS is as low as -10.5dB and as high as -3dB in the 1700MHz-2700MHz broadband range, demonstrating good normalized RCS performance.

[0057] According to one embodiment of this application, a support structure 600 is installed at the bottom of the dielectric substrate 100. The support structure 600 includes four support columns. A balun balancer 400 is provided in the gap area formed by the four support columns. One end of the balun balancer 400 is connected to the middle of the dielectric substrate 100, and the other end is connected to a base plate 500.

[0058] It should be noted that the support structure 600 at the bottom of the dielectric substrate 100 provides mechanical support through four support columns, providing a mounting base for the dielectric substrate 100 and the above-mounted radiating arm 200, metal patch 300, and other components. The gap area formed by the four support columns provides installation space for the balun balancer 400, avoiding electromagnetic interference or structural conflicts with other functional components. The balun balancer 400 is connected to the middle of the dielectric substrate 100 at one end, which can meet the power supply requirements of the radiating arm 200, realize the conversion between unbalanced and balanced signals and impedance matching, and ensure efficient energy transmission.

[0059] First, the four support columns of the support structure 600 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the dielectric substrate 100, forming a pre-defined gap area. Then, the balun balancer 400 is placed within this gap area, with one end connected to the center of the dielectric substrate 100 and the other end fixedly connected to the base plate 500, thus integrating the dielectric substrate 100, support structure 600, balun balancer 400, and base plate 500 into a single structure. During actual operation, the balun balancer 400 automatically adapts to the signal transmission requirements of the radiating arm 200 through its connection at both ends, performing real-time signal conversion and impedance matching. The four support columns continuously maintain a stable distance between the dielectric substrate 100 and the base plate 500, preventing structural deformation from affecting component functionality.

[0060] The four support columns of the supporting structure 600 in this application ensure the mechanical stability of the dielectric substrate 100 and the functional components above it. The balun balancer 400 ensures that its signal conversion and impedance matching functions are not interfered with, thus improving the energy transmission efficiency of the decoupled radiation unit. The base plate 500 and the balun balancer 400 are coaxially connected to achieve power feeding of the decoupled radiation unit. (See attached document) Figure 6 As shown, S11 is less than -14dB in the 703MHz-960MHz frequency band.

[0061] According to one embodiment of this application, a pair of balun balancers 400 are disposed at the bottom of the dielectric substrate 100. The balun balancer 400 includes multiple microstrip lines of different widths and lengths, two symmetrically arranged transmission lines, and the pair of balun balancers 400 includes two balun balancers 400 at different angles.

[0062] This application provides a 45° polarized balun balancer 400 and a -45° polarized balun balancer 400. The pair of balun balancers 400 employs 45° and -45° polarization designs respectively, with the two polarization angles being orthogonal. This allows them to adapt to the signal transmission requirements of their respective polarization directions. The orthogonal layout avoids mutual interference between the two polarization signals. Furthermore, through connection to the bottom of the dielectric substrate 100, they directly connect to the feed node of the radiating arm 200, forming a dual-polarization signal transmission link. The pair of balun balancers 400 enables the decoupled radiating element to possess dual-polarization signal processing capabilities, expanding the adaptability range for different polarization requirements of multi-frequency common-aperture antennas. The multi-segment microstrip line structure design ensures accurate impedance matching, reduces signal reflection, and improves energy transmission efficiency; the symmetrical transmission line arrangement ensures the stability of signal conversion and reduces the probability of signal distortion.

[0063] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, this application provides a multi-frequency common aperture array, including a decoupling radiation unit as described above, and a reflector 500. The reflector 500 is provided with a plurality of decoupling radiation units. A plurality of high-frequency radiation units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the decoupling radiation unit and spaced apart. Further, it includes two sets of high-frequency radiation units, each set of high-frequency radiation units including four first radiation units and four second radiation units. The decoupling radiation units are nested between the high-frequency radiation units.

[0064] The decoupling radiation unit in this application employs various decoupling techniques, possessing broadband transmission and decoupling capabilities. This effectively eliminates the low-frequency blocking effect on high-frequency signals, preventing mutual interference between high and low frequency signals. Multiple high-frequency radiation units are arranged in two groups, each group containing four first radiation units and four second radiation units, symmetrically spaced on both sides of the decoupling radiation unit. The decoupling radiation units are nested among the high-frequency radiation units and can participate in multi-frequency signal transmission through their own radiation function, cooperating with the high-frequency radiation units to achieve synchronous radiation of multi-band signals.

[0065] Furthermore, multiple decoupling radiation units are fixedly mounted on the reflector 500. Then, high-frequency radiation units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each decoupling radiation unit at a preset interval, so that the decoupling radiation units are nested within the space formed by the high-frequency radiation units. This simultaneously completes the assembly of two sets of high-frequency radiation units, each set containing four first radiation units and four second radiation units. During operation, the decoupling radiation units and high-frequency radiation units operate in parallel. The decoupling radiation units perform their decoupling function in real time, suppressing interference between high and low frequency signals and ensuring the normal radiation function of themselves and the high-frequency radiation units. Each set of high-frequency radiation units transmits signals according to its own frequency band characteristics, and the reflector 500 continuously provides stable support and signal reflection. (Refer to Appendix) Figure 8 As shown, the horizontal plane half-power beamwidth comparison is presented with and without a single high-frequency radiator. From the comparison of the radiation patterns at the three center frequencies, it is clear that the decoupled radiator has almost no impact on the high-frequency antenna's radiation, and the beamwidth matches well, verifying the feasibility of the fused decoupled radiator scheme.

[0066] This application also provides a base station antenna having a multi-frequency common aperture array as described above or a decoupling radiation element as described above, or having both a multi-frequency common aperture array as described above and a decoupling radiation element as described above.

[0067] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0068] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A decoupled radiation unit, characterized in that, The device includes a dielectric substrate (100) and radiating arms (200). Multiple radiating arms (200) are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate (100). Each radiating arm (200) includes a first node (210) and a second node (220). A resonant ring (230) is provided at the first node (210), and a first branch (240) is symmetrically arranged at the second node (220). The first branch (240) and the radiating arm (200) form a parallel resonant structure.

2. The decoupling radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiating arm (200) is enclosed in a frame-shaped structure, and a metal patch (300) is provided inside the frame-shaped structure to regulate the wave transmission performance of the radiating arm (200).

3. The decoupling radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The induced current intensity of the first node (210) is greater than that of the induced current intensity of the second node (220).

4. A decoupling radiation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The radiating arm (200) includes two first nodes (210) and two second nodes (220). The two first nodes (210) are located on two adjacent sides of the radiating arm (200), and the two second nodes are located on two other adjacent sides of the radiating arm (200).

5. A decoupling radiation unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first branch (240) is symmetrically arranged in an "L" shape on both sides of the edge of the radiating arm (200), and the resonant ring (230) has an opening on one side.

6. A decoupling radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant ring (230) is used to prevent the induced current on the radiating arm (200) from radiating in the high frequency band, so that the radiating arm (200) has a frequency point; The first branch (240) and the radiating arm (200) form a parallel resonance, causing the radiating arm (200) to have another frequency point.

7. A decoupling radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate (100) is equipped with a support structure (600) at its bottom. The support structure (600) includes four support columns. A balun balancer (400) is provided in the gap area formed by the four support columns. One end of the balun balancer (400) is connected to the middle of the dielectric substrate (100), and the other end is connected to a base plate (500).

8. A decoupling radiation unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate (100) has a pair of balun balancers (400) at its bottom. Each balun balancer (400) includes multiple microstrip lines of different widths and lengths, two symmetrically arranged transmission lines, and the pair of balun balancers (400) includes two balun balancers (400) at different angles.

9. A multi-frequency common-aperture array, comprising a decoupled radiation element as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes a reflector (500), on which a plurality of decoupling radiation units are disposed, and on both sides of the decoupling radiation units a plurality of high-frequency radiation units are symmetrically and spaced apart. It also includes two sets of high-frequency radiation units, each set of which includes four first radiation units and four second radiation units, and the decoupling radiation units are nested between the high-frequency radiation units.

10. A base station antenna, characterized in that, It includes a decoupled radiation unit as described in any one of claims 1-8, or a multi-frequency common aperture array as described in claim 9.

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