Converter station anti-icing device

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-icing device for a converter station, and belongs to the technical field of anti-icing of power equipment, the anti-icing device comprises a host module, a remote control walking module, a three-dimensional anti-thawing module and other eight modules, and a variable-frequency electric heater and a vortex fan are arranged in the host module to generate dry hot air; the remote control walking module safely carries a U-shaped air pipe to enter a high-voltage area, the three-dimensional fusion prevention module constructs a three-dimensional hot air circulation field through a distributed porous U-shaped air pipe, and the point type fusion prevention module forms a local hot air curtain of a key contact through a telescopic metal pipe; the meteorological and sensing module collects environment and equipment state data in real time; and the automatic control module predicts an icing risk level through an LSTM neural network, and dynamically adjusts hot air parameters in combination with a microclimate dynamic regulation and control algorithm. According to the method, collaborative management of icing prediction, accurate ice melting and microclimate optimization is realized, passive ice removal is converted into active prevention, the energy utilization rate is effectively improved, and stable operation of a power grid under extreme climate is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of anti-icing technology for power equipment, and in particular to an anti-icing device for converter stations. Background Technology

[0002] As a core node in the DC transmission network, converter stations face severe icing and snow accumulation problems during the cold and snowy winter months. Traditional de-icing technologies (such as electrothermal de-icing and mechanical de-icing) suffer from high energy consumption, slow response, and significant equipment damage, and lack the ability to precisely control local microclimates, making it difficult to meet the high-efficiency protection requirements of converter stations in complex environments. For example, capacitor tower equipment and its auxiliary equipment within the station are prone to forming icicles when covered by ice and snow, leading to decreased insulation performance, flashovers, or short circuits, threatening the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] In existing technologies, DC de-icing technology mainly melts ice through the thermal effect of electric current, but it relies on high-voltage equipment and cannot achieve precise local control; mechanical de-icing carries the risk of equipment damage. In addition, traditional anti-icing technologies lack the ability to dynamically regulate microclimates, making it difficult to suppress the environment conducive to ice formation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a converter station anti-icing device that achieves coordinated management of icing prediction, icing prevention, precise icing melting, and microclimate optimization through climate sensing and dynamic control technologies.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: A converter station anti-icing device includes: The main unit module has a built-in variable frequency electric heater and a vortex fan. The variable frequency electric heater includes a carbon fiber / graphene composite electric heating film and is linked with the vortex fan through PLC control to generate dry hot air and output it through the hot air outlet. The remote-controlled walking module includes a four-wheel electric-driven remote-controlled vehicle, an insulated chassis, and obstacle recognition sensors, used to carry air ducts into the high-voltage hazardous area of ​​the converter station; The three-dimensional anti-melt module is connected to the main unit module via flexible connecting pipes, and includes distributed multi-hole air outlets. Type of air duct, the The duct is fixed to the top of the remote-controlled walking module by metal connectors, and is used to create a three-dimensional hot air circulation field on the surface of the converter station equipment; The point-type anti-melt module is connected to the main unit module through a flexible connecting pipe. It includes a point-to-point high-level telescopic air supply pipe composed of a telescopic metal pipe and a positioning pin, which is used to form a local dynamic hot air curtain for the key connection points of the equipment. The flexible connecting pipeline, made of high-temperature resistant silicone material and with an inner wall composite nano-insulation coating, is used to directionally deliver hot air to the three-dimensional anti-melt module and the point-type anti-melt module. The meteorological and sensing module integrates a mini weather station, an infrared temperature sensor, and an ultrasonic ice thickness sensor to collect environmental meteorological data and equipment surface condition data in real time. The automated control module runs a microclimate dynamic regulation algorithm model through an embedded PLC controller. The microclimate dynamic regulation algorithm model dynamically adjusts the hot air parameters based on environmental meteorological sensing data and equipment surface status data to suppress the formation of icing. The mode switching module selects the operating mode based on the signal from the infrared temperature sensor. When the surface temperature of the equipment When the icing prevention mode is activated, it inhibits icing formation by raising the ambient temperature of the target area above the dew point. When the surface temperature of the equipment When the ice is melted, the device switches to the de-icing mode, which uses directional hot air circulation to melt the ice and maintain the dryness of the equipment surface.

[0006] Furthermore, the main unit module integrates a mechanical vibration component, which includes an eccentric motor and an amplitude regulator. When the ultrasonic ice thickness sensor detects that the ice thickness exceeds a preset threshold, the PLC controller synchronously triggers the vortex fan, the frequency converter electric heater, and the mechanical vibration component to form a combined de-icing effect of hot air impact and mechanical vibration.

[0007] Furthermore, the control unit of the four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle includes: The remote start / stop key controls the power on / off of the four-wheel electric drive remote control vehicle via RFID radio frequency signals, and the four-wheel electric drive remote control vehicle is equipped with a power indicator light to display the power status; The control handle integrates a power switch, a wireless communication module, and a multi-directional joystick. When the power switch is activated, a connection is established with the four-wheeled electric remote-controlled vehicle via the wireless communication module. The connection establishment time is specified. The four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle is controlled by the multi-directional joystick, the displacement of which is linearly correlated with the vehicle speed, and the maximum speed of the four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle is controlled. ; The obstacle avoidance control unit scans the preset areas in front of and to both sides of the four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle in real time through obstacle recognition sensors. When an obstacle is detected to be less than a safe threshold, the obstacle avoidance strategy is triggered to control the four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle to stop and detour around it.

[0008] Furthermore, the three-dimensional anti-icing module and the point-type anti-icing module adopt a detachable structure and can be quickly configured through standardized interfaces, which can adapt to the anti-icing requirements of converter stations, substations, communication base stations and bridge scenarios. The three-dimensional anti-melt module The diameter range of the type of air duct is The density of the air outlet is pcs / meter.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer surface of the flexible connecting pipe is provided with spiral guide fins, which are made of shape memory alloy material. When the hot air temperature... At that time, the guide fins expand to the desired height when heated. The tilt angle accelerates heat dissipation by enhancing the turbulence effect on the outer wall of the pipe; when the hot air temperature... At that time, the guide fins returned to their original position. The tilt angle reduces wind resistance, and the surface of the guide fins is coated with an ice-repellent coating to inhibit external ice adhesion.

[0010] Furthermore, the microclimate dynamic control algorithm model includes an equipment temperature prediction unit, a two-layer fuzzy controller, and a hot air parameter mapping module; The equipment temperature prediction unit, based on infrared temperature sensor data and combined with real-time monitoring of ambient temperature, humidity, wind speed, air pressure and snowfall by a micro weather station, establishes a heat conduction equation to predict the surface temperature distribution of the equipment. The dual-layer fuzzy controller includes an outer fuzzy control unit and an inner fuzzy control unit. The outer fuzzy control unit dynamically adjusts the hot air temperature reference value based on the difference between the equipment temperature and the dew point temperature using a fuzzy rule library. The inner fuzzy control unit adjusts the vortex fan speed and the duration of hot air action based on the equipment temperature change rate using a fuzzy PID algorithm. The hot air parameter mapping module has a built-in hot air parameter mapping database, which converts the temperature deviation correction value, wind speed adjustment coefficient and duration weight output by the dual-layer fuzzy controller into the power gradient command of the variable frequency electric heater and the speed step command of the vortex fan.

[0011] Furthermore, the automated control module also includes an icing prediction unit. This unit processes historical meteorological data and real-time sensor signals using an LSTM neural network to predict the icing risk level for the next 30 minutes and triggers a graded hot wind impact strategy. Low risk: Predicting the probability of icing Only when the icing prevention mode is activated, the PLC controller controls the main module to output hot air temperature equal to the dew point temperature + 0.5°C. and with The wind speed continuously circulates micro-hot air over the target area; Medium risk: The predicted probability of icing is... Initiate localized directional hot air circulation, and the PLC controller adjusts the hot air output temperature of the main unit module to [value missing]. Wind speed is It also controls the point-type anti-melt module to perform directional heating on the key contacts of the equipment; High risk: The predicted probability of icing is [missing information]. This triggers a combined de-icing effect, and the PLC controller simultaneously activates the mechanical vibration component to impact the high-temperature hot air, controlling the output hot air temperature of the main module to be... Wind speed is Meanwhile, the high-frequency vibration of the three-dimensional anti-melt module, combined with the mechanical vibration component, removes the ice. Extreme Risk: Predicted Probability of Icing The system initiates a full-area hot air impact, with multiple main unit modules operating in parallel to increase the output hot air temperature to [a certain level]. Wind speed is The mechanical vibration components are raised to their maximum amplitude, and the equipment is heated in all directions by the three-dimensional anti-melt module and the point-type anti-melt module.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The variable frequency electric heater uses a carbon fiber / graphene composite electric heating film, combined with a vortex fan for directional air delivery, which can generate heat efficiently while reducing energy consumption and improving energy utilization.

[0013] The three-dimensional anti-melt module has multiple holes. The ductwork creates a three-dimensional hot air circulation field, evenly covering the equipment surface and suppressing icing; the point-type anti-melt module uses a retractable air supply duct to precisely heat key contacts, avoiding energy waste.

[0014] The flexible connection pipeline uses shape memory alloy guide fins and nano-insulation coating to balance heat dissipation and air resistance, prevent external icing, and ensure stable hot air delivery.

[0015] With its obstacle avoidance and insulation design, the remote-controlled walking module can safely penetrate high-voltage areas and supports rapid deployment in multiple scenarios.

[0016] The meteorological and sensing modules integrate multi-source data; the automated control module uses a two-layer fuzzy algorithm and LSTM neural network to achieve precise microclimate regulation and icing risk prediction, realizing the transformation from passive de-icing to active prevention.

[0017] The modular architecture can be adapted to various scenarios such as converter stations, substations, and bridges. The intelligent linkage and energy optimization design build a solid technical defense for the stable operation of the power grid under extreme climate conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an anti-icing device for converter stations according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the three-dimensional anti-melting module and the remote-controlled walking module of a converter station anti-icing device.

[0020] The components in the attached diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Meteorological and sensing module; 2. Mode switching module; 3. Automation control module; 4. Main unit module; 5. Flexible connection pipeline; 6. Three-dimensional anti-melt module; 7. Point-type anti-melt module; 8. Remote control walking module. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0023] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0024] Example 1 Reference Figures 1 to 2 A converter station anti-icing device, comprising: The main unit module 4 has a built-in variable frequency electric heater and a vortex fan. The variable frequency electric heater includes a carbon fiber / graphene composite electric heating film and is linked with the vortex fan through PLC control to generate dry hot air and output it through the hot air outlet. The remote-controlled walking module 8 includes a four-wheel electric drive remote-controlled vehicle, an insulated chassis, and an obstacle recognition sensor, used to carry the air duct into the high-voltage hazardous area of ​​the converter station. The three-dimensional anti-melt module 6 is connected to the main unit module 4 via a flexible connecting pipe 5, and includes a distributed multi-hole air outlet. Type of air duct, the The duct is fixed to the top of the remote control walking module 8 by metal connectors, and is used to build a three-dimensional hot air circulation field on the surface of the converter station equipment. The point-type anti-melting module 7 is connected to the main unit module 4 through the flexible connecting pipe 5. It includes a point-to-point high-level telescopic air supply pipe composed of a telescopic metal pipe and a positioning pin, which is used to form a local dynamic hot air curtain for the key connection points of the equipment. The flexible connecting pipe 5 is made of high-temperature resistant silicone material and has a nano-insulation coating on its inner wall. It is used to directionally deliver hot air to the three-dimensional anti-melting module 6 and the point-type anti-melting module 7. Meteorological and sensing module 1 integrates a mini weather station, an infrared temperature sensor, and an ultrasonic ice thickness sensor for real-time acquisition of environmental meteorological data and equipment surface condition data. The automation control module 3 runs a microclimate dynamic regulation algorithm model through an embedded PLC controller. The microclimate dynamic regulation algorithm model dynamically adjusts the hot air parameters based on environmental meteorological sensing data and equipment surface status data to suppress the formation of icing. Mode switching module 2 selects the operating mode based on the infrared temperature sensor signal: When the surface temperature of the equipment When the icing prevention mode is activated, it inhibits icing formation by raising the ambient temperature of the target area above the dew point. When the surface temperature of the equipment When the ice is melted, the device switches to the de-icing mode, which uses directional hot air circulation to melt the ice and maintain the dryness of the equipment surface.

[0025] Specifically, the signal collected by the meteorological and sensing module 1 is transmitted to the automation control module 3. The meteorological and sensing module integrates a miniature weather station, an infrared temperature sensor, and an ultrasonic ice thickness sensor. The infrared temperature sensor detects the surface temperature of the equipment and sets a first temperature threshold (dew point temperature + 1℃) and a second temperature threshold (0℃) based on the temperature value. When the equipment surface temperature is ≤ the first temperature threshold, it is determined to be in an icing risk state; when the equipment surface temperature is ≤ the second temperature threshold, it is determined that the equipment is already iced. The determination result of the infrared temperature sensor is input to the mode switching module 2. The mode switching module 2 selects the working mode based on the infrared temperature sensor signal. When the surface temperature of the equipment is high, activate the anti-icing mode. When needed, switch to the ice melting mode.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control unit of the four-wheeled electric remote-controlled vehicle includes: The remote start / stop key controls the power on / off of the four-wheel electric drive remote control vehicle via RFID radio frequency signals, and the four-wheel electric drive remote control vehicle is equipped with a power indicator light to display the power status; The control handle integrates a power switch, a wireless communication module, and a multi-directional joystick. When the power switch is activated, a connection is established with the four-wheeled electric remote-controlled vehicle via the wireless communication module. The connection establishment time is specified. The four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle is controlled by the multi-directional joystick, the displacement of which is linearly correlated with the vehicle speed, and the maximum speed of the four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle is controlled. ; The obstacle avoidance control unit scans the preset areas in front of and to both sides of the four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle in real time through obstacle recognition sensors. When an obstacle is detected to be less than a safe threshold, the obstacle avoidance strategy is triggered to control the four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle to stop and detour around it.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the three-dimensional anti-icing module 6 and the point-type anti-icing module 7 adopt a detachable structure and can be quickly configured through a standardized interface, which can adapt to the anti-icing requirements of converter stations, substations, communication base stations and bridge scenarios; The three-dimensional anti-melt module 6 The diameter range of the type of air duct is The density of the air outlet is pcs / meter.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the outer surface of the flexible connecting pipe 5 is provided with spiral guide fins, which are made of shape memory alloy material. When the hot air temperature... At that time, the guide fins expand to the desired height when heated. The tilt angle accelerates heat dissipation by enhancing the turbulence effect on the outer wall of the pipe; when the hot air temperature... At that time, the guide fins returned to their original position. The tilt angle reduces wind resistance, and the surface of the guide fins is coated with an ice-repellent coating to inhibit external ice adhesion.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the microclimate dynamic control algorithm model includes an equipment temperature prediction unit, a two-layer fuzzy controller, and a hot air parameter mapping module; The equipment temperature prediction unit, based on infrared temperature sensor data and combined with real-time monitoring of ambient temperature, humidity, wind speed, air pressure and snowfall by a micro weather station, establishes a heat conduction equation to predict the surface temperature distribution of the equipment. The dual-layer fuzzy controller includes an outer fuzzy control unit and an inner fuzzy control unit. The outer fuzzy control unit dynamically adjusts the hot air temperature reference value based on the difference between the equipment temperature and the dew point temperature using a fuzzy rule library. The inner fuzzy control unit adjusts the vortex fan speed and the duration of hot air action based on the equipment temperature change rate using a fuzzy PID algorithm. The hot air parameter mapping module has a built-in hot air parameter mapping database, which converts the temperature deviation correction value, wind speed adjustment coefficient and duration weight output by the dual-layer fuzzy controller into the power gradient command of the variable frequency electric heater and the speed step command of the vortex fan.

[0030] Specifically, after the PLC controller receives information from the meteorological and sensor module 1, it adjusts the hot air parameters based on the built-in microclimate dynamic control algorithm model program and the working mode determined by the mode switching module 2. When the icing prevention mode is determined, the outer fuzzy control unit calculates the hot air temperature reference value based on the difference between the equipment temperature and the dew point temperature, and the inner fuzzy control unit adjusts the vortex fan speed and hot air duration based on the equipment temperature change rate. The hot air parameter mapping module converts the parameters output by the dual-layer fuzzy controller into power gradient commands for the variable frequency electric heater and speed step commands for the vortex fan, driving the main module 4 to work. The main module 4 is connected to the three-dimensional anti-melting module 6 or the point-type anti-melting module 7 through the flexible connection pipe 5 to construct a hot air circulation field or hot air curtain, raising the ambient temperature of the target area to above the dew point. When the icing melting mode is determined, the main module 4 is also adjusted through the dual-layer fuzzy controller and the hot air parameter mapping module to increase the hot air output, melt the icing, and maintain the dryness of the equipment surface.

[0031] Example 2 In the second embodiment of the present invention, it is basically the same as the first embodiment described above, except that the automated control module further includes an icing prediction unit. The icing prediction unit processes historical meteorological data and real-time sensor signals through an LSTM neural network to predict the icing risk level for the next 30 minutes and triggers a graded hot wind impact strategy. Low risk: Predicting the probability of icing Only the icing prevention mode is activated; the PLC controller controls the main module 4 to output hot air temperature equal to the dew point temperature + 0.5°C. and with The wind speed continuously circulates micro-hot air over the target area; Medium risk: The predicted probability of icing is... The localized directional hot air circulation is initiated, and the PLC controller adjusts the output hot air temperature of the main unit module 4 to [value missing]. Wind speed is It also controls the point-type anti-melt module to perform directional heating on the key contacts of the equipment; High risk: The predicted probability of icing is [missing information]. This triggers a combined de-icing effect, and the PLC controller simultaneously activates the mechanical vibration component to impact the high-temperature hot air, controlling the output hot air temperature of the main unit module 4 to be... Wind speed is Meanwhile, the high-frequency vibration of the three-dimensional anti-melt module 6, combined with the mechanical vibration component, removes the ice. Extreme Risk: Predicted Probability of Icing The system initiates a full-area hot air impact, with multiple main unit modules operating in parallel to increase the output hot air temperature to [amount missing]. Wind speed is The mechanical vibration component is raised to its maximum amplitude, and the equipment is heated in all directions by the three-dimensional anti-melt module 6 and the point-type anti-melt module 7.

[0032] Specifically, when the icing prediction unit predicts no icing risk for the next 30 minutes, it sends the information to the PLC controller in the automation control module 3. The PLC controller then controls the host module 4 to reduce power and enter a low-power standby state, while continuously receiving monitoring data from the meteorological and sensor modules 1. When the icing prediction unit predicts an icing risk, the PLC controller activates the corresponding anti-melt strategy according to the risk level.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the main unit module 4 integrates a mechanical vibration component, which includes an eccentric motor and an amplitude regulator. When the ultrasonic ice thickness sensor detects that the ice thickness exceeds a preset threshold, the PLC controller synchronously triggers the vortex fan, the frequency converter electric heater and the mechanical vibration component to form a combined de-icing effect of hot air impact and mechanical vibration.

[0034] Specifically, in cases of low risk, only the icing prevention mode is activated, controlling the main module 4 to output hot air at a lower temperature and wind speed; in cases of medium risk, localized directional hot air circulation is initiated, and the equipment is protected in a targeted manner by adjusting the three-dimensional anti-melt module 6 and the point-type anti-melt module 7; in cases of high risk, a composite de-icing effect is triggered, with the main module 4 outputting high-temperature strong wind, which, together with the high-frequency vibration of the mechanical vibration component, quickly removes ice from the surface of the equipment; in cases of extreme risk, multiple main modules 4 are connected in parallel to output high-temperature strong wind at full power, and the mechanical vibration reaches its maximum amplitude, with the three-dimensional anti-melt module 6 and the point-type anti-melt module 7 providing all-round coverage, thus urgently resolving the severe icing crisis.

[0035] Example 3 In the capacitor tower area of ​​a converter station in Baoji, an anti-icing device of the present invention was deployed to realize intelligent monitoring and precise prevention and control of icing on the capacitor tower.

[0036] The main unit module connects to a 380V AC rated voltage, 50Hz rated frequency power supply, with a total power consumption controlled at 50KW. Its built-in variable frequency electric heater and vortex fan receive commands from the automation control module via 10 digital input channels and 2 analog input channels, achieving precise regulation. Eight relay output channels drive the equipment with AC220V 2A contact capacity, ensuring stable signal transmission. The remote control walking module is powered by a 36V 15Ah battery, charged via an AC220V power supply, meeting the requirement of 4 hours of continuous operation. The point-type anti-melt module incorporated in this invention has a telescopic length of up to 6 meters, flexibly addressing the protection needs of critical contacts at different heights of capacitor towers. The micro weather station in the meteorological and sensing module collects real-time environmental data such as wind speed and direction, temperature, humidity, air pressure, and snowfall, providing basic information for system decision-making.

[0037] Infrared temperature sensors acquire the equipment surface temperature every 5 seconds, ultrasonic ice thickness sensors detect ice thickness every 30 seconds, and miniature weather stations collect environmental parameters every 10 seconds. The collected data, after preprocessing, is transmitted to the automation control module. When the ambient temperature drops to the dew point temperature and the surface temperature of some areas of the capacitor tower approaches 0°C, the system, based on historical data and real-time information, combined with an icing prediction model, determines the current icing risk and initiates prevention and control procedures.

[0038] Based on the risk level, the automated control module invokes a microclimate dynamic regulation algorithm model to generate specific prevention and control strategies, adjusting the hot air parameters output by the main unit module. For example, under conditions of an ambient temperature of -3℃, 8 air vents, a duct diameter of 50mm, and a measurement height of 8m, the output hot air parameters are set to a heating time of 20 minutes and a wind speed of... ,temperature The icing prevention mode is activated; as monitoring data changes, if the icing situation worsens, the hot air temperature and wind speed are gradually increased.

[0039] The remote-controlled walking module carries the three-dimensional anti-melt module to the designated location. The three-dimensional anti-melt module has 8 distributed multi-hole air outlets on its U-shaped air duct, which creates a three-dimensional hot air circulation field on the surface of the capacitor tower. The point-type anti-melt module's telescopic metal tube extends to 6 meters, accurately positioning itself at the key connection point to form a local dynamic hot air curtain.

[0040] During the prevention and control process, the meteorological and sensor modules continuously collect data and feed it back to the automated control module. For example, if it is detected that after 45 minutes of heating, under conditions of an ambient temperature of -3℃ and a measurement height of 8m, the wind speed remains... The temperature stabilized at This indicates that the system is operating normally. If deviations occur, such as the actual temperature not reaching the expected range or abnormal wind speed fluctuations, the automatic control module immediately initiates a fault analysis program. By comparing real-time data with historical test data, it quickly locates the problem. For example, if the temperature is lower than expected, the automatic control module will increase the power of the variable frequency electric heater in the main unit module and adjust the speed of the vortex fan to bring the hot air temperature and wind speed back to the expected range, ensuring the system's effectiveness in preventing icing on the capacitor tower.

[0041] When the system detects an anomaly, such as a sudden drop in equipment surface temperature or excessively rapid increase in ice thickness, it triggers both an alarm sound and a flashing light, alerting staff to take timely action. Throughout operation, staff can freely switch between manual and automatic control modes as needed, achieving efficient prevention and control of icing on the converter station capacitor towers.

[0042] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A converter station anti-icing device, characterized in that, include: The main unit module has a built-in variable frequency electric heater and a vortex fan. The variable frequency electric heater includes a carbon fiber / graphene composite electric heating film and is linked with the vortex fan through PLC control to generate dry hot air and output it through the hot air outlet. The remote-controlled walking module includes a four-wheel electric-driven remote-controlled vehicle, an insulated chassis, and obstacle recognition sensors, used to carry air ducts into the high-voltage hazardous area of ​​the converter station; The three-dimensional anti-melt module is connected to the main unit module via flexible connecting pipes, and includes distributed multi-hole air outlets. Type of air duct, the The duct is fixed to the top of the remote-controlled walking module by metal connectors, and is used to create a three-dimensional hot air circulation field on the surface of the converter station equipment; The point-type anti-melt module is connected to the main unit module through a flexible connecting pipe. It includes a point-to-point high-level telescopic air supply pipe composed of a telescopic metal pipe and a positioning pin, which is used to form a local dynamic hot air curtain for the key connection points of the equipment. The flexible connecting pipeline, made of high-temperature resistant silicone material and with an inner wall composite nano-insulation coating, is used to directionally deliver hot air to the three-dimensional anti-melt module and the point-type anti-melt module. The meteorological and sensing module integrates a mini weather station, an infrared temperature sensor, and an ultrasonic ice thickness sensor to collect environmental meteorological data and equipment surface condition data in real time. The automated control module runs a microclimate dynamic regulation algorithm model through an embedded PLC controller. The microclimate dynamic regulation algorithm model dynamically adjusts the hot air parameters based on environmental meteorological sensing data and equipment surface status data to suppress the formation of icing. The mode switching module selects the operating mode based on the signal from the infrared temperature sensor. When the surface temperature of the equipment When the icing prevention mode is activated, it inhibits icing formation by raising the ambient temperature of the target area above the dew point. When the surface temperature of the equipment When the ice is melted, the device switches to the de-icing mode, which uses directional hot air circulation to melt the ice and maintain the dryness of the equipment surface.

2. The converter station anti-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main unit module integrates a mechanical vibration component, which includes an eccentric motor and an amplitude regulator. When the ultrasonic ice thickness sensor detects that the ice thickness exceeds a preset threshold, the PLC controller synchronously triggers the vortex fan, the frequency converter electric heater, and the mechanical vibration component to form a combined de-icing effect of hot air impact and mechanical vibration.

3. The converter station anti-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit of the four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle includes: The remote start / stop key controls the power on / off of the four-wheel electric drive remote control vehicle via RFID radio frequency signals, and the four-wheel electric drive remote control vehicle is equipped with a power indicator light to display the power status; The control handle integrates a power switch, a wireless communication module, and a multi-directional joystick. When the power switch is activated, a connection is established with the four-wheeled electric remote-controlled vehicle via the wireless communication module. The connection establishment time is specified. The four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle is controlled by the multi-directional joystick, the displacement of which is linearly correlated with the vehicle speed, and the maximum speed of the four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle is controlled. ; The obstacle avoidance control unit scans the preset areas in front of and to both sides of the four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle in real time through obstacle recognition sensors. When an obstacle is detected to be less than a safe threshold, the obstacle avoidance strategy is triggered to control the four-wheel electric remote-controlled vehicle to stop and detour around it.

4. The converter station anti-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional anti-icing module and the point-type anti-icing module adopt a detachable structure and can be quickly configured through standardized interfaces, which can adapt to the anti-icing requirements of converter stations, substations, communication base stations and bridge scenarios. The three-dimensional anti-melt module The diameter range of the type of air duct is The density of the air outlet is pcs / meter.

5. The converter station anti-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible connecting pipe has spiral guide fins on its outer surface. These guide fins are made of shape memory alloy material. When the hot air temperature... At that time, the guide fins expand to the desired height when heated. The tilt angle accelerates heat dissipation by enhancing the turbulence effect on the outer wall of the pipe; when the hot air temperature... At that time, the guide fins returned to their original position. The tilt angle reduces wind resistance, and the surface of the guide fins is coated with an ice-repellent coating to inhibit external ice adhesion.

6. The converter station anti-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microclimate dynamic control algorithm model includes an equipment temperature prediction unit, a two-layer fuzzy controller, and a hot air parameter mapping module; The equipment temperature prediction unit, based on infrared temperature sensor data and combined with real-time monitoring of ambient temperature, humidity, wind speed, air pressure and snowfall by a micro weather station, establishes a heat conduction equation to predict the surface temperature distribution of the equipment. The dual-layer fuzzy controller includes an outer fuzzy control unit and an inner fuzzy control unit. The outer fuzzy control unit dynamically adjusts the hot air temperature reference value based on the difference between the equipment temperature and the dew point temperature using a fuzzy rule library. The inner fuzzy control unit adjusts the vortex fan speed and the duration of hot air action based on the equipment temperature change rate using a fuzzy PID algorithm. The hot air parameter mapping module has a built-in hot air parameter mapping database, which converts the temperature deviation correction value, wind speed adjustment coefficient and duration weight output by the dual-layer fuzzy controller into the power gradient command of the variable frequency electric heater and the speed step command of the vortex fan.

7. The converter station anti-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automated control module also includes an icing prediction unit, which processes historical meteorological data and real-time sensor signals using an LSTM neural network to predict the icing risk level for the next 30 minutes and triggers a graded hot wind impact strategy. Low risk: Predicting the probability of icing Only when the icing prevention mode is activated, the PLC controller controls the main module to output hot air temperature equal to the dew point temperature + 0.5°C. and with The wind speed continuously circulates micro-hot air over the target area; Medium risk: The predicted probability of icing is... Initiate localized directional hot air circulation, and the PLC controller adjusts the hot air output temperature of the main unit module to [value missing]. Wind speed is It also controls the point-type anti-melt module to perform directional heating on the key contacts of the equipment; High risk: The predicted probability of icing is [missing information]. This triggers a combined de-icing effect, and the PLC controller simultaneously activates the mechanical vibration component to impact the high-temperature hot air, controlling the output hot air temperature of the main module to be... Wind speed is Meanwhile, the high-frequency vibration of the three-dimensional anti-melt module, combined with the mechanical vibration component, removes the ice. Extreme Risk: Predicted Probability of Icing The system initiates a full-area hot air impact, with multiple main unit modules operating in parallel to increase the output hot air temperature to [a certain level]. Wind speed is The mechanical vibration components are raised to their maximum amplitude, and the equipment is heated in all directions by the three-dimensional anti-melt module and the point-type anti-melt module.

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