Multi-type energy collaborative power automatic control method, system, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of power automatic control, and discloses a multi-type energy collaborative power automatic control method, system and device and a medium, so as to solve the existing problems. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a double-layer market optimization model based on multi-subject physical characteristics and operation constraints; an optimal response algorithm is adopted, the double-layer optimization model is solved on a computing device, a scheduling instruction set executed by a follow-up automatic power generation control system is output, and the scheduling instruction set comprises standby capacity instructions distributed to primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation of all energy supply units; and the automatic power generation control system issues a real-time power adjustment instruction to the corresponding energy supply unit based on the scheduling instruction set, and drives the energy supply unit to carry out power output or load adjustment according to the instruction, thereby realizing collaborative power automatic control of multiple types of energy under the condition of satisfying the physical constraint of the system. According to the invention, cooperative scheduling of multiple types of energy sources such as a traditional generator set, an energy storage system, an adjustable load unit and the like under strict physical constraints is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power automatic control technology, specifically relating to methods, systems, equipment and media for automatic power control of multiple types of energy sources. Background Technology

[0002] To effectively address power system frequency security issues caused by large generator trips, sudden load surges, and fluctuations in renewable energy output, the power system relies on frequency regulation reserve mechanisms to maintain frequency stability. Instantaneous frequency changes are first suppressed by the primary frequency response (PFR), a process that relies on the autonomous adjustment of the unit speed governors. Subsequently, the secondary frequency response (SFR) further corrects the steady-state frequency deviation, which is accomplished by the automatic generation control system.

[0003] With the high proportion of renewable energy being integrated into the grid, system inertia is decreasing, and the structure of frequency regulation resources is becoming increasingly complex. There is an urgent need to introduce flexible resources such as energy storage and adjustable loads to participate in frequency regulation in order to provide rapid and sufficient frequency support. However, various resources have significant differences in dynamic characteristics such as response speed, duration, and regulation accuracy. How to accurately represent and coordinate the utilization of these differentiated physical capabilities in a unified scheduling model has become a key technical challenge.

[0004] Existing research has made some progress in frequency security constraint modeling. For example, some studies have introduced primary frequency regulation dynamic constraints into optimal power flow, or adopted piecewise linearized frequency constraints in unit combinations; others have explored the participation of energy storage in frequency-constrained unit combinations, or constructed multi-level frequency regulation reserve joint optimization models. However, these methods still have significant limitations: on the one hand, most models do not fully consider the essential differences in dynamic response characteristics of different types of energy, making it difficult to achieve differentiated allocation of resources for rapid adjustment and those for continuous support; on the other hand, existing models are mostly centralized optimization frameworks, which are difficult to effectively coordinate the strategic interactions between multiple energy units with autonomous decision-making characteristics, and cannot achieve optimal coordination for overall system frequency security while ensuring the operational boundaries of each unit.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies have not yet been able to achieve refined modeling of the dynamic characteristics of multiple energy types and effective coordination of their autonomous decision-making behavior within the same framework. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the aforementioned shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, one of the objectives of this invention is to at least solve one or more of the aforementioned problems in the prior art. In other words, one of the objectives of this invention is to provide a multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control method, system, device, and medium that meets one or more of the aforementioned requirements, so as to realize the coordinated scheduling of multiple types of energy such as traditional generator sets, energy storage systems, and adjustable load units under strict physical constraints.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for automatic control of power coordination among multiple energy sources, comprising the steps of: S1, constructing a two-layer optimization model based on the physical characteristics and operational constraints of multiple entities, including: The upper-level model represents the ability and cost of various types of energy supply units to declare the electricity and frequency regulation services they can provide based on their own operating costs and physical regulation capabilities. The energy supply units include traditional generator sets, energy storage systems and adjustable load units. The decision variables of the upper-level model are the cost parameters of the electricity and frequency regulation services they provide. The lower-level collaborative clearing model is used to solve the power and reserve scheduling plans of each unit that minimize the total scheduling cost of the power system under all physical constraints of security and stability in real-time operation of the power system. The constraints of the lower-level model include system power balance constraints, output and ramping capacity constraints of traditional generator sets, frequency regulation reserve constraints of traditional generator sets, charging and discharging constraints of energy storage systems, energy state constraints of energy storage systems, adjustment capacity constraints of adjustable load units, energy state constraints of adjustable load units, transmission capacity constraints of transmission lines, and primary and secondary frequency regulation capacity requirements and dynamic response constraints to ensure the dynamic security of the system frequency. S2. Using the best response algorithm, solve the two-layer optimization model constructed in step S1 on the computing device, and output the scheduling instruction set executed by the subsequent automatic power generation control system. The scheduling instruction set includes the reserve capacity instructions for primary frequency regulation and secondary frequency regulation allocated to each energy supply unit. S3. Based on the set of dispatch instructions output in step S2, the automatic power generation control system issues real-time power adjustment instructions to the corresponding energy supply units, driving them to output power or adjust load according to the instructions, thereby realizing the coordinated automatic power control of multiple types of energy under the physical constraints of the system.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control system for implementing the multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control method as described in the first aspect.

[0009] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, the computer device including a memory, a processor and a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control method as described in the first aspect.

[0010] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control method as described in the first aspect.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The two-layer optimization model constructed in this invention defines the cost functions and physical parameters of traditional generator sets, energy storage systems, and adjustable load units in the upper-layer model, and strictly integrates their output, ramp-up, charging and discharging, energy state, and dynamic response physical constraints in the lower-layer model. This allows for precise quantification of the differences in response speed, duration, and regulation accuracy among different types of energy sources. Based on this model, an optimal response algorithm is used to solve the problem. The generated scheduling instruction set can differentiate the allocation of primary and secondary frequency regulation reserve tasks according to the actual physical regulation capabilities of each unit. This allows for the use of fast-regulating resources (such as energy storage) to cope with instantaneous frequency disturbances and the use of continuous support resources (such as traditional generator sets) for steady-state recovery. Compared with existing scheduling models that use uniform constraints or ignore dynamic characteristics, this method can more fully explore and utilize the frequency regulation potential of various resources within the system. Therefore, under the same disturbance, it can stop frequency deviation more quickly and restore the rated frequency more accurately, significantly improving the overall frequency dynamic security level of the power system.

[0012] 2. The method of this invention uses an upper-level model to characterize the autonomous reporting behavior of each energy supply unit based on its own costs, a lower-level model to ensure the overall operational safety of the system, and an iterative algorithm to solve this master-slave game problem, effectively simulating and coordinating the strategic interactions among multiple entities. This technical framework, while ensuring all hard physical constraints such as system power balance, line transmission capacity, and frequency dynamic security, achieves equilibrium from individual optimality to system optimality by calculating the optimal cost parameters and scheduling plans for each unit. Compared with traditional centralized forced scheduling, this framework, while respecting the physical characteristics and operational boundaries of each unit, guides its autonomous decision-making behavior to converge with the system's safety objectives, solving the coordination problem of decentralized decision-making and centralized control under multi-entity participation, and improving the executability of automatic generation control commands and the overall operational efficiency of the system under complex energy structures.

[0013] Further or more detailed beneficial effects will be described in conjunction with specific embodiments in the detailed implementation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Icon labels: 200. Electronic devices; 201. Processor; 202. Communication bus; 203. User interface; 204. Network interface; 205. Memory. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] In the following description, several embodiments of the present invention are provided. Different embodiments can be substituted or combined. Therefore, the present invention can also be considered to include all possible combinations of the same and / or different embodiments described. Thus, if one embodiment includes features A, B, and C, and another embodiment includes features B and D, then the present invention should also be considered to include embodiments containing one or more other possible combinations of A, B, C, and D, even if such embodiments are not explicitly described in the following text.

[0020] The following description provides examples and does not limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the described elements without departing from the scope of the invention. Various processes or components may be appropriately omitted, substituted, or added to the various examples. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Furthermore, features described with respect to some examples may be combined into other examples.

[0021] To facilitate a better understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, its application scenarios will be explained before providing a detailed explanation of the specific implementation methods.

[0022] The multi-energy coordinated power automatic control method described in the embodiments of this specification is applied to automatic generation control scenarios in power systems that include various types of energy sources such as traditional generator sets, energy storage systems, and adjustable load units. In these scenarios, the application of this multi-energy coordinated power automatic control method aims to improve the system's frequency dynamic security level when dealing with power disturbances by constructing a two-layer optimization model that integrates the physical characteristics and operational constraints of multiple entities and solving it using an optimal response algorithm.

[0023] The energy supply unit, primary frequency regulation, and secondary frequency regulation involved in several embodiments of this specification are briefly explained below: In the embodiments of this specification, "energy supply unit" specifically refers to a set of entities or resources in a power system that can participate in active power regulation and provide frequency regulation reserve capability for the system. They are the core objects of the coordinated automatic power control method described in this invention, characterized by possessing both power output or regulation capability and economic or operating cost parameters, and must meet their inherent physical operating constraints. Specifically, energy supply units include, but are not limited to, the following three categories: Traditional generator sets refer to thermal power, hydropower, nuclear power, and other generator sets based on synchronous generators. Their core physical characteristics include maximum / minimum technical output, ramp rate, and primary frequency regulation response capability determined by the governor characteristics. Their cost is typically a function of power generation.

[0024] Energy storage systems refer to devices with bidirectional power regulation, such as battery energy storage and pumped hydro storage. Their core physical characteristics include upper limits for charge and discharge power, state of energy constraints, and charge / discharge efficiency. Their costs are typically related to charge / discharge cycle losses and maintenance costs.

[0025] Adjustable load units (ORUs) are electrical loads that can be reduced or shifted within a specific time period using demand response technology. Their core physical characteristics include adjustable capacity, response duration, and minimum interruption time. Their cost is typically manifested as compensation to users or opportunity cost.

[0026] Within the technical framework of this invention, all of the aforementioned energy supply units participate in the optimization process through their upper-level decision-making models. These models use the declared cost parameters as decision variables to reflect their willingness to provide electrical energy and frequency regulation services. At the same time, their operation must strictly follow the constraints (such as output limits, ramping capabilities, energy state changes, etc.) defined in the lower-level collaborative clearing model that correspond to their physical characteristics, in order to ensure the physical feasibility of all scheduling plans and system security.

[0027] Primary Frequency Response (PFR) is a rapid frequency regulation process automatically performed by the generator speed governor when a frequency deviation occurs in a power system. Its main purpose is to quickly stop large frequency deviations and stabilize them at a new steady-state level. In this invention, primary frequency regulation services are provided jointly by various types of energy supply units and compensated through a coordinated automatic power control mechanism.

[0028] Secondary Frequency Response (SFR) is a more precise frequency regulation process executed by an automatic power control system when an error exists between the steady-state frequency and the rated frequency of a power system. Its main purpose is to correct the deviation between the steady-state frequency and the rated frequency, ensuring the stable operation of the power system. In this invention, secondary frequency regulation services are also provided and compensated for by various types of energy supply units through a coordinated automatic power control mechanism.

[0029] Example 1: This embodiment provides a method for automatic control of power output through multi-type energy coordination, including the following steps: S1. Construct a two-layer optimization model based on the physical characteristics and operational constraints of multiple agents, including: The upper-level model represents the ability and cost of various types of energy supply units to declare the electricity and frequency regulation services they can provide based on their own operating costs and physical regulation capabilities. The energy supply units include traditional generator sets, energy storage systems and adjustable load units. The decision variables of the upper-level model are the cost parameters of the electricity and frequency regulation services they provide. The lower-level collaborative clearing model is used to solve the power and reserve scheduling plans of each unit that minimize the total scheduling cost of the power system under all physical constraints of security and stability in real-time operation of the power system. The constraints of the lower-level model include system power balance constraints, output and ramping capacity constraints of traditional generator sets, frequency regulation reserve constraints of traditional generator sets, charging and discharging constraints of energy storage systems, energy state constraints of energy storage systems, adjustment capacity constraints of adjustable load units, energy state constraints of adjustable load units, transmission capacity constraints of transmission lines, and primary and secondary frequency regulation capacity requirements and dynamic response constraints to ensure the dynamic security of the system frequency. S2. Using the best response algorithm, solve the two-layer optimization model constructed in step S1 on the computing device, and output the scheduling instruction set executed by the subsequent automatic power generation control system. The scheduling instruction set includes the reserve capacity instructions for primary frequency regulation and secondary frequency regulation allocated to each energy supply unit. S3. Based on the set of dispatch instructions output in step S2, the automatic power generation control system issues real-time power adjustment instructions to the corresponding energy supply units, driving them to output power or adjust load according to the instructions, thereby realizing the coordinated automatic power control of multiple types of energy under the physical constraints of the system.

[0030] Specifically, step S2 includes: S21. Initialize the cost parameters of each energy supply unit, and set the convergence tolerance, maximum number of iterations, and iteration index; S22. For the current energy supply unit, given the cost parameters of other energy supply units, the lower-level collaborative clearing model is embedded into the upper-level model to form an embedded optimization problem, and the optimal strategy is obtained by solving the problem, thereby updating the cost parameters of the current energy supply unit. S23. Repeat the iterative process of step S22 until the cost parameter change of all energy supply units is less than the convergence tolerance, and an equilibrium state is reached. S24. Based on the final equilibrium cost parameters, solve the lower-level collaborative clearing model, calculate and output the scheduling instruction.

[0031] Specifically, the traditional generator set The decision model and its corresponding constraints are as follows: (1) (2) In equations (1) and (2), For electricity market prices, For the price of a single frequency modulation, This is the price for secondary frequency modulation. Indicates traditional generator set Planned power generation This indicates the primary frequency regulation reserve of a traditional generator set. This indicates the secondary frequency regulation reserve capacity of a traditional generator set. This represents the cost function of generating electricity using a traditional generator set. Indicates traditional generator set Cost parameters, Indicates traditional generator set The lower limit of the cost parameter Indicates traditional generator set The upper limit of cost parameters.

[0032] Specifically, the decision model of the energy storage system and its corresponding constraints are as follows: (3) (4) In equations (3) and (4), Indicates energy storage system The charging and discharging power, This indicates the primary frequency regulation reserve capacity of the energy storage system unit. This indicates the secondary frequency regulation reserve capacity of the energy storage system unit. This represents the charging and discharging cost function of the energy storage system unit. Indicates energy storage system The lower limit of the cost parameter Indicates energy storage system The upper limit of cost parameters.

[0033] Specifically, the adjustable load unit The decision model and its corresponding constraints are as follows: (5) (6) In equations (5) and (6), Indicates adjustable load unit The amount of participation, This indicates the primary frequency regulation reserve of the adjustable load unit. This indicates the secondary frequency regulation reserve of the adjustable load unit. This represents the adjustment cost function of the adjustable load unit. Indicates adjustable load unit Cost parameters, Indicates adjustable load unit The lower limit of the cost parameter Indicates adjustable load unit Upper limit of cost parameters.

[0034] Specifically, the objective function of the lower-level collaborative clearing model is to minimize the total reporting cost of all traditional generator sets, energy storage systems, and adjustable load units within the scheduling cycle. Therefore, the expression for the lower-level collaborative clearing model is: (7) In equation (7), This represents the total number of traditional generator sets. Indicates the total number of energy storage systems. This indicates the total number of adjustable load units.

[0035] Specifically, the system power balance constraint is that the total power generation equals the total load demand, and its expression is: (8) In equation (8), Indicates energy storage system The discharge power, Indicates energy storage system The charging power, Indicates adjustable load unit The initial total power consumption.

[0036] Specifically, the output and ramp-up capability constraints of the traditional generator sets are as follows: the sum of the planned power generation, primary frequency regulation reserve, secondary frequency regulation reserve, and conventional frequency regulation reserve of each traditional generator set does not exceed the maximum technical output of the unit, and the planned power generation of each traditional generator set after deducting the reserve is not less than the minimum stable technical output of the unit. Therefore, its expression is: (9) In equation (9), Indicates traditional generator set Frequency regulation reserve capacity, Indicates traditional generator set i Maximum capacity, Indicates traditional generator set The minimum power generation capacity.

[0037] Specifically, the frequency regulation reserve constraint for traditional generator sets is that the frequency regulation reserve of each traditional generator set shall not exceed five times the maximum ramping capacity of the set, and the total system frequency regulation reserve of traditional generator sets shall not be less than the total frequency regulation reserve requirement of the system. Therefore, its expression is: (10) In equation (10), Indicates traditional generator set Maximum climbing ability, Indicates traditional generator set Total frequency regulation reserve requirements.

[0038] Specifically, the expression for the energy storage charge and discharge constraint is as follows: (11) In equation (11), Indicates energy storage system The upper limit of charging power, Indicates energy storage system The upper limit of discharge power.

[0039] Specifically, the expression for the energy state constraint of the energy storage system is as follows: (12) The expression for the adjustment capability constraint of the adjustable load unit is: (13) In equation (13), Indicates adjustable load unit The upper limit of participation.

[0040] Specifically, the expression for the energy state constraint of the adjustable load unit is as follows: (14) The transmission capacity constraint of the transmission lines is that, under normal circumstances, the power flow of each transmission line does not exceed its maximum capacity limit. Therefore, its expression is: (15) In equation (15), Represents a set of nodes. Represents a node. Represents the set of branches. Indicates a branch road. Represents the power flow transfer factor matrix. Represents the node-generator matrix. Represents the node-energy storage matrix. Represents the node-load matrix. Indicates the upper limit of the trend.

[0041] Specifically, the primary frequency regulation and secondary capacity requirements and dynamic response constraints for ensuring the dynamic security of system frequency include primary frequency regulation response capability constraints, secondary frequency regulation response capability constraints, as well as total primary frequency regulation response constraints, total primary and secondary frequency regulation response constraints, and actual deployment constraints of primary and secondary frequency regulation for anticipated accidents.

[0042] More specifically, the primary frequency regulation response capability constraint is that the primary frequency regulation response capability of each energy supply unit is limited by its short-time rate and system inertia. Therefore, the expression for the primary frequency regulation response capability constraint includes...

[0043] In equations (16)-(18), Indicates traditional generator set One-time frequency modulation backup deployment, Indicates energy storage system One-time frequency modulation backup deployment, Indicates adjustable load unit One-time frequency modulation backup deployment, Indicates traditional generator set The primary frequency modulation backup response rate, Indicates energy storage system Primary frequency modulation standby response rate, Indicates adjustable load unit Primary frequency modulation standby response rate, This indicates the low-frequency load reduction level.

[0044] More specifically, if the secondary frequency regulation response capability constraint is that the secondary frequency regulation response capability of each energy supply unit is limited to its ramp-up capability within 10 minutes, then the expression for the secondary frequency regulation response capability constraint includes:

[0045] In equations (19)-(21), Indicates traditional generator set Secondary frequency modulation backup deployment, Indicates energy storage system Secondary frequency modulation backup deployment, Indicates adjustable load unit Secondary frequency modulation backup deployment, Indicates traditional generator set The secondary frequency modulation backup response rate, Indicates energy storage system Secondary frequency modulation backup response rate, Indicates adjustable load unit Secondary frequency modulation backup response rate.

[0046] More specifically, the total primary frequency regulation response constraint is the regional allocation share of the total primary frequency regulation response covering the capacity of units lost due to an accident, then the expression is: (twenty two) In equation (22), Indicates an accident. Represents a set of accidents. Indicates accident Traditional generator sets One frequency modulation deployment, Indicates accident Downlink energy storage system One frequency modulation deployment, Indicates accident Adjustable load unit One frequency modulation deployment, This represents the balancing factor for the authorities' share of the primary frequency regulation response obligations in the interconnected power grid. Indicates accident loss.

[0047] More specifically, the total constraint of the primary and secondary frequency modulation response is that the total response of the primary and secondary frequency modulation needs to cover the regional control deviation after the accident. Therefore, the expression for the total constraint of the primary and secondary frequency modulation response is: (twenty three) In equation (23), Indicates accident Adjustable load unit Secondary frequency modulation deployment, Indicates accident Corrected steady state value.

[0048] More specifically, the actual deployment constraint of primary and secondary frequency regulation is that the actual deployment of primary and secondary frequency regulation cannot exceed the reserve capacity. Therefore, the expression for the actual deployment constraint of primary and secondary frequency regulation includes...

[0049] Specifically, the settlement price is determined as follows: the settlement price of the electricity market is determined by the dual multiplier constrained by the total power generation. Settlement; the clearing price of a primary frequency modulation service is determined by the dual multiplier constrained by the total primary frequency modulation response. Settlement; the clearing and frequency modulation price for secondary services is determined by the dual multiplier constrained by the total amount of the primary and secondary frequency modulation responses. Settlement.

[0050] Example 2: This embodiment provides a multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control system for implementing the multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control method as described in Embodiment 1.

[0051] Example 3: like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an electronic device, which may include: at least one processor, at least one network interface, a user interface, a memory, and at least one communication bus.

[0052] The communication bus can be used to enable communication between the various components mentioned above.

[0053] The user interface may include buttons, and optional user interfaces may also include standard wired interfaces and wireless interfaces.

[0054] The network interface may include, but is not limited to, Bluetooth modules, NFC modules, Wi-Fi modules, etc.

[0055] The processor may include one or more processing cores. It connects various parts of the electronic device via various interfaces and lines, executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in memory, and accessing data stored in memory to perform various functions and process data. Optionally, the processor can be implemented using at least one hardware form of DSP, FPGA, or PLA. The processor may integrate one or more of the following: CPU, GPU, and modem. The CPU primarily handles the operating system, user interface, and applications; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content required for display; and the modem handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem may also be implemented as a separate chip without being integrated into the processor.

[0056] The memory may include RAM or ROM. Optionally, the memory may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The memory can be used to store instructions, programs, code, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as touch function, sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-described method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the above-described method embodiments, etc. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor. The memory, as a computer storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an automatic control application program. The processor can be used to call the automatic control application program stored in the memory and execute the steps of the multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control method mentioned in the foregoing embodiments.

[0057] Example 4: This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer or processor, cause the computer or processor to perform one or more steps as described in the above embodiments. If the constituent modules of the above-described electronic device are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0058] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this specification are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in or transmitted through a computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., Solid State Disks (SSDs)).

[0059] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the method of Embodiment 1 described above can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks. Unless otherwise specified, the technical features of this embodiment and the implementation scheme can be combined arbitrarily.

[0060] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the present invention, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention.

[0061] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0062] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this invention are still within the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of embodiments of the invention upon considering the specification and practicing the disclosure herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not described herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of the invention are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for automatic control of power output through multi-type energy coordination, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Construct a two-layer optimization model based on the physical characteristics and operational constraints of multiple agents, including: The upper-level model represents the ability and cost of various types of energy supply units to declare the electricity and frequency regulation services they can provide based on their own operating costs and physical regulation capabilities. The energy supply units include traditional generator sets, energy storage systems and adjustable load units. The decision variables of the upper-level model are the cost parameters of the electricity and frequency regulation services they provide. The lower-level collaborative clearing model is used to solve the power and reserve scheduling plans of each unit that minimize the total scheduling cost of the power system under all physical constraints of security and stability in real-time operation of the power system. The constraints of the lower-level model include system power balance constraints, output and ramping capacity constraints of traditional generator sets, frequency regulation reserve constraints of traditional generator sets, charging and discharging constraints of energy storage systems, energy state constraints of energy storage systems, adjustment capacity constraints of adjustable load units, energy state constraints of adjustable load units, transmission capacity constraints of transmission lines, and primary and secondary frequency regulation capacity requirements and dynamic response constraints to ensure the dynamic security of the system frequency. S2. Using the best response algorithm, solve the two-layer optimization model constructed in step S1 on the computing device, and output the scheduling instruction set executed by the subsequent automatic power generation control system. The scheduling instruction set includes the reserve capacity instructions for primary frequency regulation and secondary frequency regulation allocated to each energy supply unit. S3. Based on the set of dispatch instructions output in step S2, the automatic power generation control system issues real-time power adjustment instructions to the corresponding energy supply units, driving them to output power or adjust load according to the instructions, thereby realizing the coordinated automatic power control of multiple types of energy under the physical constraints of the system.

2. The method for automatic control of power output through multi-type energy coordination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traditional generator set The decision model and its corresponding constraints are In the formula, For electricity market prices, For the price of a single frequency modulation, This is the price for secondary frequency modulation. Indicates traditional generator set Planned power generation This indicates the primary frequency regulation reserve of a traditional generator set. This indicates the secondary frequency regulation reserve capacity of a traditional generator set. This represents the cost function of generating electricity using a traditional generator set. Indicates traditional generator set Cost parameters, Indicates traditional generator set The lower limit of the cost parameter Indicates traditional generator set The upper limit of cost parameters; The decision model of the energy storage system and its corresponding constraints are as follows: In the formula, Indicates energy storage system The charging and discharging power, This indicates the primary frequency regulation reserve capacity of the energy storage system unit. This indicates the secondary frequency regulation reserve capacity of the energy storage system unit. This represents the charging and discharging cost function of the energy storage system unit. Indicates energy storage system The lower limit of the cost parameter Indicates energy storage system The upper limit of cost parameters; The adjustable load unit The decision model and its corresponding constraints are In the formula, Indicates adjustable load unit The amount of participation, This indicates the primary frequency regulation reserve of the adjustable load unit. This indicates the secondary frequency regulation reserve of the adjustable load unit. This represents the adjustment cost function of the adjustable load unit. Indicates adjustable load unit Cost parameters, Indicates adjustable load unit The lower limit of the cost parameter Indicates adjustable load unit Upper limit of cost parameters.

3. The method for automatic control of power output through multi-type energy coordination according to claim 2, characterized in that: The objective function of the lower-level collaborative clearing model is to minimize the total application cost of all traditional generator sets, energy storage systems and adjustable load units within the scheduling cycle. The system power balance constraint is that the total power generation equals the total load demand; The constraints on the output and ramping capacity of the traditional generator sets are that the sum of the planned power generation, primary frequency regulation reserve, secondary frequency regulation reserve and conventional frequency regulation reserve of each traditional generator set shall not exceed the maximum technical output of the unit, and the planned power generation of each traditional generator set after deducting the reserve shall not be less than the minimum stable technical output of the unit. The frequency regulation reserve constraint for traditional generator sets is that the frequency regulation reserve of each traditional generator set shall not exceed five times the maximum climbing capacity of the set, and the total system frequency regulation reserve of traditional generator sets shall not be less than the total frequency regulation reserve requirement of the system. The transmission capacity constraint of the transmission lines is that, under normal circumstances, the power flow of each transmission line does not exceed its maximum capacity limit.

4. The method for automatic power control of multi-type energy coordinated operation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The primary frequency modulation and secondary capacity requirements and dynamic response constraints used to ensure the dynamic security of the system frequency are as follows: Constraints on primary frequency regulation response capability, secondary frequency regulation response capability, and total primary frequency regulation response capacity, total primary and secondary frequency regulation response capacity, and actual deployment constraints of primary and secondary frequency regulation for anticipated accidents.

5. The method for automatic control of power output through multi-type energy coordination according to claim 4, characterized in that: The primary frequency regulation response capability constraint is that the primary frequency regulation response capability of each energy supply unit is limited by its short-time rate and system inertia; The secondary frequency regulation response capability constraint is that the secondary frequency regulation response capability of each energy supply unit is limited to its ramp-up capability within 10 minutes. The primary frequency regulation response total constraint is the regional allocation share of the primary frequency regulation response total covering the unit capacity lost in an accident. The total constraint of the primary and secondary frequency modulation response is that the total response of the primary and secondary frequency modulation needs to cover the regional control deviation after the accident. The actual deployment constraint for primary and secondary frequency modulation is that the actual deployment of primary and secondary frequency modulation cannot exceed the reserve amount.

6. The method for automatic power control of multi-type energy coordinated operation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The liquidation price is determined in the following manner: The settlement price in the electricity market is settled by the dual multipliers of the system power balance constraints; The settlement price for a primary frequency modulation service is settled by the dual multiplier of the total primary frequency modulation response constraint; The settlement price of the secondary frequency modulation service is settled by the dual multiplier of the total constraint of the primary and secondary frequency modulation responses.

7. The method for automatic power control of multi-type energy sources according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: S21. Initialize the cost parameters of each energy supply unit, and set the convergence tolerance, maximum number of iterations, and iteration index; S22. For the current energy supply unit, given the cost parameters of other energy supply units, the lower-level collaborative clearing model is embedded into the upper-level model to form an embedded optimization problem, and the optimal strategy is obtained by solving the problem, thereby updating the cost parameters of the current energy supply unit. S23. Repeat the iterative process of step S22 until the cost parameter change of all energy supply units is less than the convergence tolerance, and an equilibrium state is reached. S24. Based on the final equilibrium cost parameters, solve the lower-level collaborative clearing model, calculate and output the scheduling instruction.

8. A multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control system, characterized in that, Used to implement the multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer device, the computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the multi-type energy coordinated power automatic control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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