Earphone

Abstract

The invention discloses an earphone, the earphone comprises a wearing part and an earphone body connected with the wearing part, the earphone body comprises a shell and a loudspeaker monomer, and the shell is provided with an accommodating cavity, a first sound outlet hole and a second sound outlet hole; the loudspeaker monomer is arranged in the accommodating cavity and divides the accommodating cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, the first sound outlet hole is communicated with one of the front cavity and the rear cavity, and the second sound outlet hole is communicated with the other one of the front cavity and the rear cavity; wherein the wearing state of the earphone comprises a first wearing state and a second wearing state, in the first wearing state, part of the shell can be inserted into an ear canal opening of a user, and the first sound outlet hole is located in the ear canal opening; in the second wearing state, the shell is not inserted into the ear canal opening of the user, and the second sound outlet hole is separated from the ear canal opening. The technical scheme of the invention can have different wearing modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of headphone technology, and in particular to a type of headphone. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, headphone technology on the market is mainly divided into two categories: in-ear headphones and open-back headphones. Each type has its unique design features and usage scenarios.

[0003] In-ear headphones insert into the ear canal, providing a tighter seal and better noise isolation. However, in-ear headphones may cause discomfort for some users, and prolonged wear can lead to ear fatigue. Open-back headphones, compared to in-ear headphones, offer a more relaxed wearing experience, not penetrating deep into the ear canal, making them more comfortable for extended wear. However, open-back headphones generally do not perform as well as in-ear headphones in terms of bass performance and noise isolation, and may be more susceptible to external noise interference in noisy environments.

[0004] In related technologies, headphones often only offer one wearing state and cannot flexibly switch according to the user's specific needs and usage scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an earphone that can accommodate different wearing modes.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an earphone, which includes a wearing part and an earphone body connected to the wearing part. The earphone body includes a shell and a speaker unit. The shell has a receiving cavity, a first sound outlet, and a second sound outlet. The speaker unit is disposed in the receiving cavity and divides the receiving cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity. The first sound outlet communicates with one of the front cavity and the rear cavity, and the second sound outlet communicates with the other of the front cavity and the rear cavity. The earphone is worn in two states: a first wearing state and a second wearing state. In the first wearing state, a portion of the shell can be inserted into the user's ear canal, and the first sound outlet is located inside the ear canal. In the second wearing state, the shell is not inserted into the user's ear canal, and the second sound outlet is spaced apart from the ear canal.

[0007] Based on the above embodiments, in the technical solution of this application, the earphone includes an earphone body, which includes a shell and a speaker unit disposed within the shell. The speaker unit divides the receiving cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, and the vibration of the speaker unit can generate sound waves in the front cavity and the rear cavity respectively. A first sound outlet is used to emit sound into the user's ear canal in a first wearing state, i.e., in-ear wearing state; a second sound outlet is used to emit sound into the user's ear canal in a second wearing state, i.e., open-ear wearing state. Both wearing states share a single speaker unit, utilizing space together while each forming a complete acoustic structure system. When wearing the earphone, placing the first sound outlet into the ear canal is equivalent to using an in-ear earphone, while leaving the second sound outlet separated from the ear canal is equivalent to using an open-ear earphone. This allows the earphone to be compatible with both in-ear and open-ear wearing styles, allowing users to choose the wearing method according to different scenarios. Users can quickly switch between the two wearing modes as needed, with simple operation and no additional accessories or adjustments required.

[0008] This embodiment also includes a wearing part, which helps to secure the headphones on the user's ears and allows the headphones to provide good fit in both the first and second wearing states. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the headphones of this application;

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the headphones of this application in a first wearing state;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the headphones of this application in a second wearing state;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of another embodiment of the earphone in this application;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of another embodiment of the headphones of this application;

[0015] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of another embodiment of the earphone in this application;

[0016] Figure 7This is a cross-sectional structural assembly diagram of a speaker unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural assembly diagram of another embodiment of the loudspeaker unit of this application;

[0018] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural assembly diagram of another embodiment of the loudspeaker unit of this application;

[0019] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural assembly diagram of another embodiment of the loudspeaker unit of this application;

[0020] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the frequency response curve of an embodiment of the headphones of this application;

[0021] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the frequency response curve of another embodiment of the headphones in this application.

[0022] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0023] 100. Headphones;

[0024] 10. Earphone body; 11. Shell; 11a. Receiving cavity; 111a. Front cavity; 1111a. Main cavity; 1112a. Sound outlet channel; 112a. Rear cavity; 11b. First sound outlet; 11c. Second sound outlet; 111. Protrusion; 112. Shell body; 113. Sound outlet; 12. Speaker driver; 121. Frame; 121a. Sound outlet; 122. Magnetic circuit system; 123. Vibration system; 1231. Diaphragm; 1232. Voice coil; 13. Ear cap; 13a. Through hole; 14. Detection element; 141. First feedback microphone; 142. Second feedback microphone; 143. Photoelectric sensor; 15. First acoustic resistive layer; 16. Second acoustic resistive layer; 17. Tuning damping;

[0025] 20. Wearing part; 30. Battery compartment.

[0026] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Where the following description relates to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0031] Headphones are mainly divided into two categories: in-ear headphones and open-back headphones. Each type has its unique design features and usage scenarios.

[0032] In-ear headphones insert into the user's ear canal, providing a tighter seal and better noise isolation. In-ear headphones typically offer richer bass and clearer audio detail because they reduce external noise interference. However, in-ear headphones may cause discomfort for some users, and prolonged wear may lead to ear fatigue or discomfort.

[0033] Compared to in-ear headphones, open-back headphones offer a more relaxed wearing experience, not digging deep into the ear canal, making them more comfortable for extended wear. Open-back headphones allow outside sounds to enter, which can be advantageous in certain situations, such as when needing to be aware of one's surroundings during outdoor activities. However, open-back headphones generally do not perform as well as in-ear headphones in terms of bass performance and noise isolation, and may be more susceptible to interference from external noise in noisy environments.

[0034] In related technologies, headphones often only offer one wearing state and cannot flexibly switch according to the user's specific needs and usage scenarios.

[0035] To allow users to choose the appropriate wearing position according to their personal preferences and usage environment, this application proposes an earphone.

[0036] Please refer to the reference. Figure 1 The earphone 100 includes a wearing part 20 and an earphone body 10. The wearing part 20 is connected to the earphone body 10 and is used to ensure that the earphone body 10 is stably positioned in the user's concha. The wearing part 20 can be an ear clip or an ear hook, meaning the earphone 100 can be either an ear clip earphone 100 or an ear hook earphone 100. When the wearing part 20 is an ear clip, it fits the outer edge of the user's auricle by clamping; when the wearing part 20 is an ear hook, it hangs around the upper part of the auricle and is fixed behind the ear, forming a suspension support point. Understandably, whether the wearing part 20 is an ear clip or an ear hook, it is designed with a certain degree of elasticity and adjustability to adapt to ears of different shapes and sizes, so as to fix the earphone body 10 in the user's ear and ensure that the user obtains good fit and stability. For example, the wearing part 20 includes a connector and a memory metal component disposed in the connector. The connector is arranged in an open arc shape and is connected to the earphone body 10. The memory metal component may specifically be a titanium wire, which realizes the position and angle change of the earphone body 10 relative to the wearing part 20. The titanium wire has high strength and durability, can withstand bending in daily use, and is not easy to break.

[0037] Combined with reference Figure 4 In this embodiment, the headphone body 10 includes a housing 11 and a speaker unit 12. The housing 11 has a receiving cavity 11a, and the speaker unit 12 is disposed within the receiving cavity 11a. The housing 11 provides protection for the speaker unit 12 disposed within the receiving cavity 11a, preventing external dust and moisture from damaging the speaker unit 12. The housing 11 can be made of plastic, metal, silicone, etc. The speaker unit generates sound through the vibration of its internal diaphragm 1231 and is the basic component for sound production in the headphone 100. The speaker unit 12 further divides the receiving cavity 11a into a front cavity 111a and a rear cavity 112a, which can optimize the propagation path of sound waves, reduce sound distortion, and improve sound quality.

[0038] For example, such as Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the cross-section of the speaker unit 12 can be any shape, such as circular, elliptical, racetrack-shaped, square, triangular, semi-circular, or crescent-shaped. Different speaker units 12 can better adapt to the spatial layout of the housing 11, improve the space utilization of the receiving cavity 11a, and make the design of the headphone 100 more compact.

[0039] For example, the speaker unit 12 includes, but is not limited to, electroacoustic conversion devices such as dynamic speakers, balanced iron speakers, MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) speakers, vibrators, and planar speakers.

[0040] Continue reading Figure 4 In this embodiment, the speaker unit 12 may include a frame 121, a magnetic circuit system 122 and a vibration system 123. The frame 121 has a receiving cavity and an opening communicating with the receiving cavity. The magnetic circuit system 122 is disposed in the receiving cavity and connected to the frame 121.

[0041] The vibration system 123 includes a diaphragm 1231 and a voice coil 1232. The diaphragm 1231 covers the opening and is connected to the frame 121. The diaphragm 1231 drives the air to vibrate, allowing the air to conduct sound through the sound outlet. The voice coil 1232 is located in the receiving cavity 11a and spaced apart from the magnetic circuit system 122. The voice coil 1232 is connected to the diaphragm 1231. The frame 121 also has a sound outlet 121a, and a tuning damper 17 covers the sound outlet 121a. The tuning damper 17 is used to reduce excessively high peak values ​​in the vibration system 123 to obtain an ideal frequency response curve.

[0042] In one embodiment, the earphone 100 further includes a battery compartment 30. The two ends of the wearing part 20 are respectively connected to the earphone body 10 and the battery compartment 30. The wearing part 20 has a wire inside, and the battery compartment 30 houses a connected battery and circuit board. The battery is connected to the speaker unit 12 via the wire, providing power to the speaker unit 12. The circuit board controls the vibration of the speaker unit 12. The battery has an independent storage space, allowing for a larger battery design, thus increasing the earphone 100's battery life. The specific form of the battery is not limited; for example, a rechargeable lithium battery can be used, making the earphone 100 easy to use and carry.

[0043] Optionally, the wearing part 20, the earphone body 10 and the battery compartment 30 can be three detachably connected parts, or they can be a connected whole and processed together during manufacturing, for example, by injection molding.

[0044] The housing 11 also has a first sound outlet 11b and a second sound outlet 11c. The first sound outlet 11b communicates with one of the front cavity 111a and the rear cavity 112a, and the second sound outlet 11c communicates with the other of the front cavity 111a and the rear cavity 112a. The wearing states of the earphone 100 include a first wearing state and a second wearing state. In the first wearing state (e.g....) Figure 2In the first wearing state, i.e., the in-ear wearing state, part of the shell 11 can be inserted into the user's ear canal opening, so that the first sound outlet 11b is located inside the ear canal opening to emit sound into the user's ear canal; in the second wearing state (such as... Figure 3 In the open-fit state, the shell 11 is not inserted into the user's ear canal, and the second sound outlet 11c is spaced from the ear canal opening, through which sound is emitted into the user's ear canal. Figure 4 As shown, the first sound outlet 11b is connected to the rear cavity 112a, and the second sound outlet 11c is connected to the front cavity 111a. At this time, the front of the speaker unit 12 (i.e., the front face) emits sound towards the front cavity 111a in the second wearing state (i.e., open-back), and the back of the speaker unit 12 (i.e., the rear face) emits sound towards the rear cavity 112a in the first wearing state (i.e., in-ear). Figure 5 As shown, the first sound outlet 11b is connected to the front cavity 111a, and the second sound outlet 11c is connected to the rear cavity 112a. In this configuration, the front of the speaker unit 12 faces the front cavity 111a in the first wearing state (in-ear type) and emits sound towards the rear cavity 112a in the second wearing state (open-back type). Both wearing states share a single speaker unit 12, utilizing space while each forming a complete acoustic structure system.

[0045] The shapes of the first sound hole 11b and the second sound hole 11c can be circular, square, or strip-shaped, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0046] Due to the compression and expansion of air on both sides when the speaker unit 12 vibrates, the sound phases produced by the front cavity 111a and the rear cavity 112a are opposite. This design allows the headphones 100 to provide an optimized listening experience in different wearing states. When wearing them, placing the first sound outlet 11b into the ear canal is equivalent to using in-ear headphones 100, and placing the second sound outlet 11c close to the ear canal is equivalent to using open-back headphones 100. This allows the headphones 100 to be compatible with both in-ear and open-back wearing styles, allowing users to choose the wearing method according to different scenarios. For example, in-ear wearing is used in environments requiring noise cancellation, while open-back wearing is used when ambient sound awareness is needed. Users can quickly switch between the two wearing modes as needed; the operation is simple and requires no additional accessories or adjustments.

[0047] In one embodiment, a first acoustic barrier layer 15 is provided on both the inner and outer sides of the first sound outlet 11b. The first acoustic barrier layer 15 covers the first sound outlet 11b and can affect the resonance characteristics of the sound, such as... Figure 11As shown, compared to not having a first acoustic barrier layer 15, having a first acoustic barrier layer 15 can reduce the effects of resonance peaks near the fundamental frequency and high-frequency (3kHz~10kHz) resonance peaks, thus reducing these high-frequency resonance peaks to avoid the high frequencies being too sharp or harsh. At the same time, it does not sacrifice low-frequency performance (20Hz~200Hz), ensuring that the low frequencies remain full and rich. Specifically, at least one first acoustic barrier layer 15 can be provided; each additional layer may affect sound transmission and frequency response, and the number can be set according to actual needs.

[0048] Understandably, a second acoustic barrier layer 16 is provided on both the inner and outer sides of the second sound outlet 11c, and the second acoustic barrier layer 16 covers the second sound outlet 11c. Moreover, at least one second acoustic barrier layer 16 may be provided, which will not be described in detail here.

[0049] The first acoustic barrier layer 15 and the second acoustic barrier layer 16 are both made of synthetic fiber, glass fiber, mineral wool, tuning mesh or tuning paper. These materials can adjust the sound propagation characteristics and optimize the frequency response according to their density, thickness and structure.

[0050] In one embodiment, the housing 11 has a first direction AA. Regardless of whether the housing 11 has a regular or irregular shape, it always has the first direction AA. This feature is not affected by the specific shape of the housing 11. For example, when the housing 11 is a cuboid, the first direction AA can be the length direction of the cuboid. The first sound outlet 11b is located at one end of the housing 11 along the first direction AA. The end of the housing 11 along the first direction AA can be tapered, with the outer diameter gradually decreasing in the direction towards the user. This helps to place the first sound outlet 11b into the ear canal opening, achieving directional sound propagation in the first wearing state. The housing 11 also has an inner surface that faces the user's ear along the thickness direction in the wearing state. The second sound outlet 11c is located on the inner surface, wherein the thickness direction is perpendicular to the first direction AA, so that in the second wearing state, the second sound outlet 11c is close to the user's ear canal opening. The separate layout of the first sound outlet 11b and the second sound outlet 11c allows the earphone 100 to adapt to different wearing methods, such as in-ear and open-ear, providing different listening experiences.

[0051] In one embodiment, the housing 11 includes a housing body 112 and a sound outlet 113 disposed on the housing body 112. The sound outlet 113 is provided with a sound outlet channel 1112a and a first sound outlet hole 11b. The sound outlet channel 1112a can connect the front cavity 111a and the first sound outlet hole, or the sound outlet channel 1112a can connect the rear cavity 112a and the first sound outlet hole. The sound outlet 113 is tubular, and the cross-sectional size of the sound outlet 113 is smaller than the cross-sectional size of the housing body 112, so that the first sound outlet hole 11b can be inserted into the ear canal opening to directly transmit sound into the ear canal, thereby improving the sound transmission efficiency. That is, in the first wearing state, at least a portion of the sound outlet 113 can be inserted into the user's ear canal opening to emit sound into the user's ear canal through the first sound outlet hole 11b. Since the sound is directly transmitted to the ear canal, the loss and distortion of sound during propagation can be reduced, providing a clearer and purer sound quality.

[0052] In the second wearing state, the shell body 112 is provided with a second sound outlet 11c. The side of the shell body 112 with the second sound outlet 11c is brought close to the ear canal opening. The sound emitted by the second sound outlet 11c is received by the eardrum. At this time, the sound outlet 113 is not inserted into the ear canal opening in the second wearing state, but is isolated by the tragus, which is the structure of the outer ear. Therefore, it does not directly transmit sound into the ear canal.

[0053] In this design, the central axis of the sound outlet channel 1112a is perpendicular to the central axis of the speaker unit 12. The smaller angle helps improve the acoustic coupling efficiency between the speaker unit 12 and the sound outlet 113, allowing sound to be transmitted more effectively from the speaker unit 12 to the sound outlet 113 and then to the user's ear canal. Furthermore, the vertical arrangement helps reduce the direct impact of the speaker unit 12's vibration on the first sound outlet 11b, reducing resonance and improving sound clarity.

[0054] To achieve a tight seal between the sound outlet 113 and the ear canal opening during the first wearing state, the earphone body 10 also includes an ear cap 13. The ear cap 13 can be a flexible ear cap, which is fitted over the outside of the sound outlet 113. Under pressure, such as when the sound outlet 113 is inserted into the ear canal opening in this embodiment, the flexible material ear cap 13 can be compressed, deformed, or stretched relative to the sound outlet 113 to achieve a seal with the external ear canal opening, adapting to different users' ear canal openings and providing a personalized fit. Because of its low rebound force, it is suitable for users to wear for extended periods, reducing ear discomfort. In the first wearing state, the ear cap 13 is inserted into the user's ear canal opening, contacting the user's skin at the ear canal opening to achieve a seal, effectively isolating external noise and providing better sound insulation.

[0055] Furthermore, the end of the ear cap 13 facing the shell body 112 abuts against the shell body 112. The tight fit between the ear cap 13 and the shell body 112 enhances the structural stability of the earphone body 10. The outer wall surface of the ear cap 13 is flush with the outer wall surface of the shell body 112, contributing to a neat and consistent appearance of the earphone 100 and providing a more aesthetically pleasing visual experience. The end of the ear cap 13 opposite to the receiving cavity 11a has an opening surrounding the first sound outlet 11b, which helps the sound to be transmitted directly and effectively to the ear canal, improving sound clarity and quality.

[0056] In one embodiment, the housing 11 is provided with at least two spaced-apart second sound outlets 11c, the central axes of which may intersect. By dispersing the propagation of sound waves, the sound distortion that may be produced by a single second sound outlet 11c can be reduced, especially at higher volumes, providing a more realistic and natural listening experience.

[0057] For consumers with larger ears, the second sound outlet 11c inevitably shifts towards the top of the head relative to the ear canal when worn, potentially obstructing part of the ear and reducing the volume, thus affecting the user experience. In this embodiment, at least two second sound outlets 11c have at least two different orientations. Thus, when one second sound outlet 11c is obstructed by the user's ear, at least one other second sound outlet 11c has a different orientation and is not obstructed by the user's ear. This allows sound waves to be transmitted from the unobstructed second sound outlet 11c to the user's ear canal, ensuring a good listening experience, improving the robustness of the headphones 100, and enhancing compatibility, allowing different consumers to obtain a consistent sound level.

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the inner surface of the housing 11 arches upwards towards the direction away from the speaker unit 12, forming a protrusion 111. At least two second sound outlets 11c are provided on the protrusion 111, that is, at least one second sound outlet 11c is provided on the front end face of the protrusion 111, and at least one second sound outlet 11c is provided on the side face of the protrusion 111. Understandably, the protruding protrusion 111 allows the sound outlet to be closer to the user's ear canal, increasing the sound pressure level and facilitating listening. Figure 6 As shown, the protrusion 111 can be frustum-shaped. The second sound outlet 11c located on the frustum surface of the protrusion 111 has a central axis S1, and the second sound outlet 11c located on the side of the protrusion 111 has a central axis S2. Figure 6In the illustrated embodiment, the angle α between the central axis S1 and the central axis S2 is 90 degrees, meaning that the two second sound holes 11c are oriented at 90 degrees. Thus, when the second sound hole 11c located on the platform of the protrusion 111 is blocked, the second sound hole 11c located on the side of the protrusion 111 is kept unobstructed to the greatest extent possible, allowing the user to hear the sound clearly.

[0059] In another embodiment, at least one second sound outlet 11c is disposed on the front end face of the protrusion 111, and at least one second sound outlet 11c is disposed on the housing 11 surrounding the protrusion 111. The second sound outlet 11c on the protrusion 111 is closer to the ear canal opening, which helps to enhance the perception of low frequencies, while the second sound outlet 11c on the housing 11 surrounding the protrusion 111 helps to diffuse low frequencies. The second sound outlets 11c in different positions help to distribute sound in the direction closer to the ear canal opening, avoid excessive concentration of specific frequencies, and thus improve the balance of sound quality.

[0060] Of course, the protrusion 111 can also be frustum-shaped or cylindrical, and the included angle α between the two second sound holes 11c is not limited. Furthermore, the embodiments of this application do not limit the number of second sound holes 11c; the inner surface can also have three or more second sound holes 11c. Taking three second sound holes 11c as an example, one of the second sound holes 11c can be located on the platform of the protrusion 111, and the other two second sound holes 11c can be located on the side surface of the protrusion 111. The axes of the two second sound holes 11c located on the side surface of the protrusion 111 can be parallel or at an angle, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0061] like Figure 12 As shown, the frequency response curves of the ear hook part of the ear-hook headphones, which are continuously moved upwards from small to large ears, are compared experimentally with the sound reception of a single second sound hole 11c or multiple second sound holes 11c with parallel central axes (condition 1), and with at least two second sound holes 11c with their central axes at an angle (condition 2). The sound gain (dB) is obtained. A greater sound gain indicates that the sound audible to the user in condition 2 is louder than that in condition 1. The sound data collected by the experiment when the headphones 100 are moved upwards by 3mm, 6mm, 9mm, and 12mm from the initial position where at least two second sound holes 11c are completely unobstructed are as follows:

[0062] Wearing position Sound gain (dB) 3mm 1.75 6mm 3.3 9mm 5 12mm 5

[0063] Clearly, when the second sound outlet 11c is obstructed, the user can indeed hear a louder sound in condition two, and the more severe the obstruction of the second sound outlet 11c, the greater the sound gain in condition two compared to condition one. Therefore, this embodiment of the application can reduce the sound loss caused by the partial obstruction of the second sound outlet 11c due to misalignment of the headphones 100, thereby improving robustness.

[0064] In one embodiment, the earphone 100 further includes a detection element 14, which is used to detect the wearing state of the earphone 100. The detection element 14 can intelligently identify whether the earphone 100 is in a first wearing state (i.e., in-ear) or a second wearing state (i.e., open-back), and adjust the working mode of the earphone 100, such as volume and equalizer settings, accordingly to adapt to the current wearing state.

[0065] For example, the front cavity 111a includes a main cavity 1111a and a sound outlet channel 1112a. The main cavity 1111a and the rear cavity 112a are disposed opposite each other. A first sound outlet hole 11b is formed at the end of the sound outlet channel 1112a. The detection element 14 includes a first feedback microphone 141 disposed in the main cavity 1111a. The first feedback microphone 141 can be used to monitor the sound signal output by the speaker unit 12. For example, when the earphone 100 is in an in-ear wearing state, the ear cap 13 or soft sealant forms a good seal with the ear canal, which changes the sound propagation characteristics, especially low-frequency sounds, because the sealed environment increases the resonance of the sound. Therefore, compared with open-ear wearing, the sound in the ear canal will sound louder at the same volume. That is, when the first feedback microphone 141 detects that the sound signal is louder, it determines that the current wearing state is the first wearing state (i.e., in-ear); conversely, when the first feedback microphone 141 detects that the sound signal is softer, it determines that the current wearing state is the second wearing state (i.e., open-ear).

[0066] Furthermore, the first feedback microphone 141 can also capture sounds from the external environment. Understandably, when the headphones 100 are in the second wearing state (i.e., open-back), external sounds will be transmitted to the first feedback microphone 141 more strongly, that is, the detected ambient sound will be significantly increased. Conversely, when the headphones 100 are in the first wearing state (i.e., in-ear), external sounds will be weaker than when the headphones 100 are in the second wearing state.

[0067] Therefore, the first feedback microphone 141 can simultaneously capture the sound emitted by the speaker unit 12 and the sound of the external environment. Through the algorithm of digital signal processing (DSP) or microcontroller (MCU), the two sounds are separated, and the intensity, frequency and other parameters of the sound emitted by the speaker unit 12 and the sound of the external environment are calculated respectively. Based on the above calculation structure, the current wearing status of the headphones 100 is comprehensively judged.

[0068] In another embodiment, the detection element 14 further includes a second feedback microphone 142 disposed within the sound output channel 1112a. The second feedback microphone 142 has the same function as the first feedback microphone 141, and can also acquire the sound emitted by the speaker unit 12 and the sound of the external environment. In practical applications, the first feedback microphone 141 and / or the second feedback microphone 142 can be appropriately configured according to the internal space of the earphone 100. If both the first feedback microphone 141 and the second feedback microphone 142 are configured, the earphone 100 can perform data calibration by configuring two feedback microphones, thereby improving the accuracy of sound detection and more accurately determining the wearing status of the earphone.

[0069] In another configuration, the detection element 14 includes a photoelectric sensor 143 (e.g., Figure 4 As shown, the photoelectric sensor 143 typically consists of three parts: a light source, a photosensitive element, and a signal processor. The light source emits light, the photosensitive element receives the emitted light and converts it into an electrical signal, and the signal processor analyzes these electrical signals. When an object blocks or reflects light, the amount of light reaching the receiving part changes, thus outputting a corresponding electrical signal. The ear cap 13 has a through hole 13a. The photoelectric sensor 143 is mounted on the ear cap 13 and faces the through hole 13a. The photoelectric sensor 143 can emit detection light outward through the through hole 13a. When the earphone 100 is in the first wearing state (i.e., in-ear), the light emitted by the light source shines on the skin inside the ear canal. The skin emits light emitted by the light source, causing the photosensitive element to detect a certain amount of emitted light. The signal processor detects that the amount of emitted light is within a preset threshold range. When the earphone 100 is in the second wearing state (i.e., open-back), the light emitted by the light source no longer shines on the user's skin. Therefore, the amount of emitted light received by the photosensitive element is significantly reduced. After detecting this change, the signal processor can determine that the earphone 100 is in an open-back wearing state.

[0070] In this embodiment, taking the first sound outlet 11b connected to the rear cavity 112a and the second sound outlet 11c connected to the front cavity 111a as an example, in the first wearing state, the sound emitted by the speaker unit 12 is connected to the outside world through the second sound outlet 11c of the front cavity 111a. The second sound outlet 11c allows a certain amount of sound to be transmitted from the front cavity 111a. Since the second sound outlet 11c is set directly towards the user's concha cavity, the sound transmitted through the second sound outlet 11c does not leak outwards in a non-directional manner, but propagates directly towards the concha cavity. If these leaked sounds match some sound waveforms in the outside world, they may cancel each other out in the concha cavity, thereby reducing the interference of these sounds on the user's hearing, improving the purity of the listening experience, and to a certain extent reducing the interference of external sounds, thus improving the active noise cancellation (ANC) effect of the headphones 100.

[0071] In the second wearing state, the sound outlet 113 serves as a leakage channel for the anti-phase sound emitted by the speaker unit 12, meaning that some sound is allowed to leak out from the reverse direction of the transducer body (i.e., not towards the ear canal). Since the sound outlet 113 is not facing the external auditory canal opening, this leaked sound will not affect the eardrum's reception of sound propagating through the second sound outlet 11c. This is intended to utilize the interaction between the anti-phase sound waves and ambient noise or other sound waveforms to produce destructive interference, thereby reducing external noise interference to a certain extent.

[0072] The control method for the earphone 100 described in this embodiment is based on the earphone 100 described in the above embodiment. Furthermore, the control method for the earphone 100 described in this embodiment is not limited to the following steps.

[0073] S100: Acquire the detection parameters collected by the detection element 14;

[0074] In this embodiment, the detection element 14 is used to automatically detect whether the current wearing state of the earphone 100 is in-ear or open-ear.

[0075] S200: When the detection parameters indicate that the earphone 100 is in a first wearing state, the speaker unit 12 is controlled to operate in a first mode; when the detection parameters indicate that the earphone 100 is in a second wearing state, the speaker unit 12 is controlled to operate in a second mode. The operating power of the speaker unit 12 in the first mode is less than the operating power of the speaker unit 12 in the second mode.

[0076] In this embodiment, the first wearing state is an in-ear wearing state, and the second wearing state is an open-ear wearing state. The first mode is the TWS earphone mode, which has the advantages of TWS, enabling wireless connection, stereo separation, and low latency to provide a better wireless audio experience. The second mode is the open-ear headphone 100 mode, which can simulate a natural sound field, making the sound more open and natural, rather than the reverberation of a closed space.

[0077] Because the earphone 100 has a better seal with the ear canal in the first wearing state, it can provide the required sound quality and sound intensity at a lower volume. Therefore, compared with the earphone 100 in the second wearing state, the operating power of its speaker unit 12 is lower. For example, the operating power of the speaker unit 12 in the first mode is 20 milliwatts, and the operating power of the speaker unit 12 in the second mode is 60 milliwatts.

[0078] In this embodiment, the detection element 14 can collect detection parameters and characterize the wearing state of the earphone 100 based on the detection parameters, thereby controlling the operating mode of the speaker unit 12, providing users with an intelligent experience and meeting their personalized listening needs in different wearing states. The control method of the earphone 100 in this embodiment can adapt to different environmental noise levels, improving sound quality and noise reduction effect. It reduces the need for users to manually switch modes, simplifies the operation process, and provides a more convenient user experience. Moreover, when switching to the first mode, the speaker unit 12 operates at lower power, which helps to save power and extend battery life.

[0079] Specifically, the detection element 14 includes a photoelectric sensor 143, which is located inside the through hole 13a of the ear cap 13, and the detection parameter is an optical parameter. When the detection parameter indicates that the earphone 100 is in a first wearing state, the specific method is as follows: if the optical parameter is less than a first preset threshold, then the current wearing state of the earphone 100 is determined to be the first wearing state. When the detection parameter indicates that the earphone 100 is in a second wearing state, the specific method is as follows: if the optical parameter is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, then the current wearing state of the earphone 100 is determined to be the second wearing state.

[0080] In this embodiment, the photoelectric sensor 143 can accurately detect whether the ear cap 13 is inserted into the ear canal. The photoelectric sensor 143 can sense changes in optical properties caused by human skin, enabling real-time mode switching. The first preset threshold can be determined by averaging the optical parameters during multiple in-ear wearing states.

[0081] Furthermore, the photoelectric sensor 143 can be a photoelectric emission sensor, which includes a light source (such as an infrared LED) and a photodetector. The photoelectric emission sensor actively emits light (usually invisible infrared light), and then the photodetector captures the reflected light. In practical applications, when the ear cap 13 is inserted into the user's ear canal, the emitted infrared light is absorbed or reflected by the skin, and some of the light returns to the sensor's photodetector.

[0082] Specifically, the detection element 14 also includes a microphone. When the first sound outlet 11b is configured to communicate with the rear cavity 112a and the second sound outlet 11c is configured to communicate with the front cavity 111a, the microphone is located in the rear cavity 112a, and the detected parameter is a sound parameter. Specifically, when the detected parameter indicates that the earphone 100 is in a first wearing state, the method is as follows: if the sound parameter is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, then the current wearing state of the earphone 100 is determined to be the first wearing state. Specifically, when the detected parameter indicates that the earphone 100 is in a second wearing state, the method is as follows: if the sound parameter is less than the second preset threshold, then the current wearing state of the earphone 100 is determined to be the second wearing state.

[0083] Furthermore, the microphone may include a first feedback microphone 141 and a second feedback microphone 142. The first feedback microphone 141 may be disposed in the main cavity 1111a, and the second feedback microphone 142 may be disposed in the sound output channel 1112a. Both the second feedback microphone 142 and the first feedback microphone 141 can perform audio acquisition. The second feedback microphone 142 acquires the feedforward audio signal. The audio acquired by the second feedback microphone 142 is mainly the friction sound between the earphone 100 and the ear canal when it is inserted into the ear. When the earphone 100 is worn in an open-back manner, the audio acquired by the second feedback microphone 142 is mainly the external ambient sound. The first feedback microphone 141 is usually disposed in the main cavity 1111a, closer to the speaker unit 12, in order to capture the sound transmitted by the speaker unit 12 and possible internal noise.

[0084] The second feedback microphone 142 collects the feedforward audio signal, and the first feedback microphone 141 collects the feedback audio signal. The sound pressure level is analyzed on the feedforward audio signal and the feedback audio signal to determine the first sound pressure level of the feedforward audio signal and the second sound pressure level of the feedback audio signal. The sound pressure level difference between the first sound pressure level and the second sound pressure level is determined. If the sound pressure level difference is not lower than the maximum sound pressure level difference threshold, the wearing state of the earphone 100 is determined to be in-ear; otherwise, the wearing state of the earphone 100 is determined to be open-ear.

[0085] The control method for the earphone 100 provided in this embodiment obtains detection parameters through the photoelectric sensor 143, the second feedback microphone 142 and the first feedback microphone 141, which can improve the accuracy of earphone 100 wearing status detection.

[0086] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this application. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0087] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An earphone, characterized in that, include: Wearing part; and The earphone body is connected to the wearing part. The earphone body includes a shell and a speaker unit. The shell is provided with a receiving cavity, a first sound outlet and a second sound outlet. The loudspeaker unit is disposed in the receiving cavity, which is divided into a front cavity and a rear cavity. The first sound outlet is connected to one of the front cavity and the rear cavity, and the second sound outlet is connected to the other of the front cavity and the rear cavity. The earphone can be worn in two states: a first state and a second state. In the first state, a portion of the housing is inserted into the user's ear canal, and the first sound outlet is located inside the ear canal. In the second state, the housing is not inserted into the user's ear canal, and the second sound outlet is spaced apart from the ear canal.

2. The earphone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing has a first orientation, the first sound outlet is located at one end of the housing in the first orientation, and the housing also has an inner side facing the user's ear in the wearing state, and the second sound outlet is located on the inner side.

3. The earphone according to claim 2, characterized in that, The housing is provided with at least two spaced-apart second sound holes, and the at least two second sound holes have at least two different orientations.

4. The earphone according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner side of the housing arches outward toward the direction away from the speaker unit to form a protrusion, and at least two second sound holes are provided on the protrusion.

5. The headphones according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The housing includes a housing body and a sound outlet provided on the housing body. The sound outlet is provided with a sound outlet channel and a first sound outlet hole. The sound outlet channel connects the rear cavity and the first sound outlet hole. The housing body is provided with a second sound outlet hole. In the first wearing state, at least a portion of the sound outlet can be inserted into the user's ear canal to emit sound into the user's ear canal through the first sound outlet.

6. The earphone according to claim 5, characterized in that, The central axis of the sound output channel is perpendicular to the central axis of the speaker unit.

7. The earphone according to claim 5, characterized in that, The earphone body also includes an ear cap, which is fitted over the sound outlet. In the first wearing state, the ear cap is inserted into the user's ear canal.

8. The earphone according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a detection element for detecting the wearing status of the headphones.

9. The earphone according to claim 8, characterized in that, The front cavity includes a connected main cavity and the sound outlet channel, and the main cavity is disposed opposite to the rear cavity; The detection element includes a first feedback microphone disposed in the main cavity and / or a second feedback microphone disposed in the sound output channel.

10. The earphone according to claim 9, characterized in that, The detection element includes a photoelectric sensor, and the ear cap has a through hole. The photoelectric sensor is disposed on the ear cap and is opposite to the through hole.

11. The earphone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The earphones also include a battery compartment, and the two ends of the wearing part are respectively connected to the earphone body and the battery compartment.

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