Battery structure applied to vehicle and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery structure applied to a vehicle and the vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vehicles. The battery structure is coated on the outer side of a vehicle body shell and comprises an electric conversion coating; the electric conversion coating is electrically isolated from the vehicle body shell; the electric conversion coating comprises a piezoelectric material used for converting wind energy into electric energy and a photovoltaic material used for converting solar energy into electric energy. The battery structure does not change the structure of the vehicle so as to ensure the aesthetic property of the appearance of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more particularly to a battery structure and vehicle for use in vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Both gasoline-powered and new energy vehicles require electrical power. New energy vehicles, in particular, have a higher demand for electricity. Currently, solar panels installed on vehicles are used to generate electricity, thus diversifying the sources of electricity available to the vehicles. However, installing solar panels on vehicles requires modifications to the vehicle's structure, affecting its aesthetics. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a battery structure and vehicle for use in vehicles. The battery structure converts wind and solar energy into electrical energy by coating the outside of the vehicle body shell without changing the structure of the vehicle itself, thus ensuring the aesthetic appearance of the vehicle.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery structure for use in vehicles, the battery structure being coated on the outer side of a vehicle body shell, the battery structure comprising: an electro-conversion coating; The electro-conversion coating is electrically isolated from the vehicle body shell; The electro-conversion coating includes: a piezoelectric material for converting wind energy into electrical energy and a photovoltaic material for converting solar energy into electrical energy.

[0005] Optionally, the electroconversion coating comprises: The film layer formed by mixing the piezoelectric material and the photovoltaic material.

[0006] Optionally, the electroconversion coating comprises: The first coating is formed by the piezoelectric material and the second coating is formed by the photovoltaic material, and the first coating and the second coating are stacked and electrically isolated from each other.

[0007] Optionally, the battery structure further includes: A first carrier transport layer and a second carrier transport layer are disposed between the membrane layer and the vehicle body shell, wherein the first carrier transport layer and the second carrier transport layer have opposite conductivity types.

[0008] Optionally, the film layer is obtained by adsorbing and reducing a mixture of piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials onto a graphene oxide film layer formed on the vehicle body shell.

[0009] Optionally, the mixture of the piezoelectric material and the photovoltaic material is adsorbed onto the graphene oxide film via a zeta potential difference.

[0010] Optionally, the battery structure further includes: A third carrier transport layer and a fourth carrier transport layer are disposed on both sides of the first coating, and the third carrier transport layer and the fourth carrier transport layer have opposite conductivity types. A fifth carrier transport layer and a sixth carrier transport layer are disposed on both sides of the second coating, and the fifth carrier transport layer and the sixth carrier transport layer have opposite conductivity types.

[0011] Preferably, the battery structure is disposed on the outer side of the vehicle body shell on the windward side.

[0012] Optionally, the piezoelectric material includes one or more combinations of barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, and polyvinylidene fluoride.

[0013] Optionally, the photovoltaic material includes perovskite material or crystalline silicon material.

[0014] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a vehicle, including: the battery structure of the application vehicle provided in the first aspect embodiments above.

[0015] The technical solution of the first aspect of the above invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The battery structure provided in this embodiment of the invention is achieved by coating the outer side of the vehicle body shell, without altering the vehicle's inherent structure, thus maintaining the vehicle's aesthetic appearance. Furthermore, the battery structure provided in this embodiment includes an electro-conversion coating that not only converts wind energy into electrical energy through piezoelectric materials but also converts solar energy into electrical energy through photovoltaic materials. This allows for the simultaneous utilization of both wind and solar energy to generate electricity, ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery structure. Simultaneously, the electro-conversion coating is electrically isolated from the vehicle body shell, preventing the vehicle body shell from affecting the electrical energy generated by the electro-conversion coating. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first type of battery structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second type of battery structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third type of battery structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fourth type of battery structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates exemplary embodiments of the present invention, including various details to aid understanding. These details should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0018] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0019] Specifically, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery structure for use in vehicles. This battery structure is coated on the outer side of the vehicle body casing. More specifically, as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the battery structure 10 may include: an electrical conversion coating 11; the electrical conversion coating 11 is electrically isolated from the vehicle body shell; the electrical conversion coating 11 may include: a piezoelectric material for converting wind energy into electrical energy and a photovoltaic material for converting solar energy into electrical energy.

[0020] In this context, "battery structure coated on the outside of the vehicle body shell" generally refers to the piezoelectric material, photovoltaic material, and other materials necessary for forming the battery structure (such as carrier collection materials, electrode materials, etc.) being coated on the outside of the vehicle body shell. The battery structure exists in the form of a combination of multiple film layers.

[0021] In addition, by electrically isolating the electric conversion coating 11 from the vehicle body shell, on the one hand, leakage from the vehicle body shell can be avoided from affecting the normal use of the vehicle; on the other hand, the risk of leakage and short circuit in the battery structure can be reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and reliability of the battery structure can be improved.

[0022] against Figures 1 to 4 The battery structure provided in the illustrated embodiment is achieved by coating the exterior of the vehicle body shell without altering the vehicle's structure, thus maintaining the vehicle's aesthetic appearance. Furthermore, the battery structure provided in this embodiment includes an electro-conversion coating that converts wind energy into electrical energy using piezoelectric materials and solar energy using photovoltaic materials. This allows for the simultaneous utilization of both wind and solar energy, ensuring the battery structure's photoelectric conversion efficiency. Simultaneously, the electro-conversion coating is electrically isolated from the vehicle body shell, preventing the vehicle body shell from affecting the electrical energy generated by the electro-conversion coating.

[0023] The outer side of the vehicle body shell generally refers to the side of the vehicle body shell facing the external environment, while the inner side of the vehicle body shell is the side facing the interior of the vehicle cabin.

[0024] The piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials can be selected from existing piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials. Preferably, the piezoelectric material may include one or more combinations of barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, and polyvinylidene fluoride. Preferably, the photovoltaic material may include perovskite or crystalline silicon. By selecting one or more combinations of barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, and polyvinylidene fluoride, as well as perovskite or crystalline silicon, a good match between the piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials can be ensured. Furthermore, barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, polyvinylidene fluoride, perovskite, and crystalline silicon will not affect the color display of the vehicle body shell itself, allowing users to choose the vehicle's exterior color according to their needs without affecting the battery structure's coating on the vehicle body shell.

[0025] Understandably, the battery structure provided in this embodiment of the invention, in addition to the electroconversion coating, may also include: carrier transport layers of different conductivity types and electrode layers of different conductivity types, for collecting current. Furthermore, the battery structure may also include other functional layers such as a passivation antireflection layer and a sealing layer.

[0026] More specifically, the battery structure provided in this embodiment of the invention includes an electrical conversion coating that can have four basic structures.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the electroconversion coating of the first basic structure may include: a first film layer 111 formed of piezoelectric material and a second film layer 112 formed of photovoltaic material arranged alternately. That is, the alternately arranged first film layer 111 and second film layer 112 constitute a film layer.

[0028] The second type of electroconversion coating may include a film layer formed by a mixture of piezoelectric materials and photovoltaic materials, wherein the piezoelectric materials and photovoltaic materials are mixed at the molecular level.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the third type of basic structure of the electro-conversion coating may include: a first coating 113 formed of piezoelectric material and a second coating 114 formed of photovoltaic material stacked on the side of the first coating 113 away from the vehicle body shell.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the electroconversion coating of the fourth basic structure may include: a first coating 113 formed of piezoelectric material and a second coating 114 formed of photovoltaic material stacked on the side of the first coating 113 near the vehicle body shell.

[0031] Furthermore, the battery structure provided in the embodiments of the present invention may include the electro-conversion coating of the above-mentioned basic structures or a modified structure of the electro-conversion coating of the above-mentioned basic structures. For example, as shown... Figure 4The battery structure shown may include: the electroconversion coating of the second basic structure and the electroconversion coating of the fourth basic structure, wherein the electroconversion coating of the second basic structure is located below the electroconversion coating of the fourth basic structure. Alternatively, the electroconversion coating of the first basic structure and the electroconversion coating of the third basic structure may be used, wherein the electroconversion coating of the first basic structure is located above the electroconversion coating of the third basic structure. Furthermore, the electroconversion coating of the first basic structure may be used to replace the first coating 113 or the second coating 114 in the electroconversion coating of the third or fourth basic structure, or the electroconversion coating of the second basic structure may be used to replace the first coating 113 or the second coating 114 in the electroconversion coating of the third or fourth basic structure, etc. It is understood that the various modified structures provided in the embodiments of the present invention are merely examples. Based on this, those skilled in the art can obtain more modified structures, and other modified structures obtained based on the various modified structures provided in the embodiments of the present invention are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Understandably, both the first and second basic structure electroconversion coatings described above are films formed by mixing piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials. The difference lies in the fact that in the first basic structure, the piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials are arranged alternately on the same surface to form a film, and macroscopically, there is a clear boundary between the piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials. In the second basic structure, the piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials are mixed at the molecular level, and macroscopically, there is no clear boundary between the piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials.

[0033] For the electroconversion coating of the third and fourth basic structures mentioned above, there may be various other film layers between the second coating 114 and the first coating 113. The second coating 114 and the first coating 113 are not in direct contact and are electrically isolated from each other.

[0034] It is worth noting that, in addition to the electro-conversion coating, the battery structure may also include other functional layers. Furthermore, the other functional layers included in battery structures with electro-conversion coatings of different basic structures will vary to some extent.

[0035] Specifically, for a battery structure with an electro-conversion coating having the first basic structure described above, or a battery structure with an electro-conversion coating having the second basic structure described above, it may further include different carrier transport layers for collecting and transporting different types of charge carriers. It is worth noting that for a battery structure with an electro-conversion coating having the second basic structure described above, except that the electro-conversion coating of the second basic structure differs from that of the electro-conversion coating of the first basic structure, its functional layers are basically the same. Therefore, the following description of each functional layer will take a battery structure with an electro-conversion coating having the first basic structure described above as an example. For example, taking a battery structure with an electro-conversion coating having the first basic structure described above as an example, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the battery structure may further include: a first carrier transport layer 12 disposed between a film layer (which refers to a film layer formed by mixing piezoelectric materials and photovoltaic materials, i.e., an electro-conversion coating) and the vehicle body housing, and a second carrier transport layer 13 disposed on the outer side of the film layer (the outer side of the film layer is the side of the film layer away from the vehicle body housing), wherein the first carrier transport layer 12 and the second carrier transport layer 13 have opposite conductivity types. For example, the first carrier transport layer 12 can be an electron transport layer, and correspondingly, the second carrier transport layer 13 can be a hole transport layer; alternatively, the first carrier transport layer 12 can be a hole transport layer, and correspondingly, the second carrier transport layer 13 can be an electron transport layer.

[0036] For battery structures with the above-described third basic structure of the electro-conversion coating and battery structures with the above-described fourth basic structure of the electro-conversion coating (i.e., battery structures including the first coating 113 and the second coating 114), such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the battery structure may further include: a third carrier transport layer 14 and a fourth carrier transport layer 15 disposed on both sides of the first coating 113, wherein the third carrier transport layer 14 and the fourth carrier transport layer 15 have opposite conductivity types; and a fifth carrier transport layer 16 and a sixth carrier transport layer 17 disposed on both sides of the second coating 114, wherein the fifth carrier transport layer 16 and the sixth carrier transport layer 17 have opposite conductivity types. For example, the third carrier transport layer 14 can be an electron transport layer, and correspondingly, the fourth carrier transport layer 15 can be a hole transport layer; alternatively, the third carrier transport layer 14 can be a hole transport layer, and correspondingly, the fourth carrier transport layer 15 can be an electron transport layer. Additionally, the fifth carrier transport layer 16 can be an electron transport layer, and correspondingly, the sixth carrier transport layer 17 can be a hole transport layer; alternatively, the fifth carrier transport layer 16 can be a hole transport layer, and correspondingly, the sixth carrier transport layer 17 can be an electron transport layer. It is worth noting that the materials used to form the electron transport layer and hole transport layer can be selected from existing materials, such as C60, fullerene, tin dioxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, etc. as materials for the electron transport layer, and polyvinylcarbazole (PVK), polyphosphate carbazole, etc. as materials for the hole transport layer.

[0037] Furthermore, for battery structures with electroconversion coatings having any one or more of the above-mentioned basic structures, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the battery structure may also include an electrode 18. Specifically, for a battery structure with an electro-conversion coating having the first basic structure described above, such as... Figure 1 As shown, electrode 18 is electrically connected to the first carrier transport layer 12 and the second carrier transport layer 13, respectively. The electrode 18 included in the battery structure with the electro-conversion coating having the second basic structure described above is the same as that in the battery structure with the electro-conversion coating having the first basic structure, and will not be described again here. Regarding the battery structures having the third basic structure described above and the battery structures having the fourth basic structure described above, as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes electrodes 18 that are electrically connected to the third carrier transport layer 14, the fourth carrier transport layer 15, the fifth carrier transport layer 16 and the sixth carrier transport layer 17, respectively.

[0038] It is worth noting that the electrode 18 is generally electrically connected to only one carrier transport layer. That is, the first carrier transport layer 12 and the second carrier transport layer 13 are electrically connected to different electrodes 18, the third carrier transport layer 14 and the fourth carrier transport layer 15 are electrically connected to different electrodes 18, and the fifth carrier transport layer 16 and the sixth carrier transport layer 17 are electrically connected to different electrodes 18.

[0039] Generally speaking, the battery structure formed by the electroconversion coating of the first basic structure or the electroconversion coating of the second basic structure, together with other functional layers, is generally a single-junction battery structure (i.e., it has only two electrodes, a positive electrode and a negative electrode). Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first basic structure's electro-conversion coating 11 (i.e., alternating first film layers 111 and second film layers 112), the first carrier transport layer 12 and the second carrier transport layer 13 respectively disposed on both sides of the first basic structure's electro-conversion coating 11, and the electrode 18 disposed below the first carrier transport layer 12 and above the second carrier transport layer 13 constitute a battery structure (electrode 18, first carrier transport layer 12, first basic structure's electro-conversion coating 11, second carrier transport layer 13, and electrode 18 stacked from inner I to outer O), i.e., a single-junction battery structure. Figure 1 Based on the structure shown, the electroconversion coating 11 of the first basic structure can be replaced with the electroconversion coating 11 of the second basic structure. Therefore, the battery structure based on the electroconversion coating 11 of the second basic structure is also a single-junction battery structure.

[0040] The battery structure formed by the electroconversion coating of the third or fourth basic structure and other functional layers is generally a stacked battery structure. That is, the second coating 114 and the first coating 113 are combined with different functional layers to form different battery structures. Specifically, the second coating 114, its electrically connected functional layers, and electrodes constitute one battery structure, while the first coating 113, its electrically connected functional layers, and electrodes constitute another battery structure. For example... Figure 2 The battery structure shown has an electrical conversion coating with a third basic structure, or as shown in the figure. Figure 3 The battery structure with the fourth basic structure of the electroconversion coating shown is a stacked battery structure, which may include: a first coating 113, a third carrier transport layer 14 and a fourth carrier transport layer 15 disposed on both sides of the first coating 113, and an electrode disposed below the third carrier transport layer 14 and an electrode disposed above the fourth carrier transport layer 15 to form a battery structure; a second coating 114, a fifth carrier transport layer 16 and a sixth carrier transport layer 17 disposed on both sides of the second coating 114, and an electrode 18 disposed below the fifth carrier transport layer 16 and an electrode 18 disposed above the sixth carrier transport layer 17 to form a battery structure. Specifically, for the battery structure with the third basic structure of the electroconversion coating, such as... Figure 2As shown, it may include: an electrode 18, a third carrier transport layer 14, a first coating layer 113, a fourth carrier transport layer 15, an electrode 18, an electrical isolation film layer 19, an electrode 18, a fifth carrier transport layer 16, a second coating layer 114, a sixth carrier transport layer 17, and an electrode 18, stacked from inner I to outer O. Furthermore, for a battery structure with a fourth basic structure of an electrical conversion coating, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it may include: an electrode 18, a fifth carrier transport layer 16, a second coating layer 114, a sixth carrier transport layer 17, an electrode 18, an electrical isolation film layer 19, an electrode 18, a third carrier transport layer 14, a first coating layer 113, a fourth carrier transport layer 15, and an electrode 18 stacked from the inner I to the outer O.

[0041] Generally speaking, for stacked battery structures, such as Figure 2 The battery structure shown has an electrical conversion coating with a third basic structure, or as... Figure 3 The battery structure shown has an electrical conversion coating with a fourth basic structure, or an electrical conversion coating with multiple basic structures. It also includes an electrical isolation film layer 19 between each independent battery structure to achieve electrical isolation between the individual battery structures.

[0042] More specifically, the following are examples Figure 4 Taking the battery structure shown as an example with the combination of the second and fourth basic structures, the battery structure with multiple basic structure combinations is explained in detail.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the battery structure includes a combination of two electro-conversion coatings 11, which may include: a film layer 115 formed by mixing piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials (this film layer 115 is the electro-conversion coating 11 of the second basic structure described above), a second coating 114 stacked on the outside of the electro-conversion coating 11 of the second basic structure, and a first coating 113 stacked on the outside of the second coating 114. Based on the combination of the two electro-conversion coatings 11, as... Figure 4 As shown, a first carrier transport layer 12 is formed inside the film layer 115 (i.e., the electroconversion coating 11 of the second basic structure), a second carrier transport layer 13 is formed outside the film layer 115, a fifth carrier transport layer 16 is formed inside the second coating 114, a sixth carrier transport layer 17 is formed outside the second coating 114, a third carrier transport layer 14 is formed inside the first coating 113, and a fourth carrier transport layer 15 is formed outside the first coating 113. An electrode 18 is formed on each carrier transport layer, for... Figure 4The provided structure, in the thickness direction, includes three independent battery structures (namely: a battery structure A consisting of a film layer 115, a first carrier transport layer 12 and a second carrier transport layer 13 on both sides of the film layer 115, and electrodes 18 formed on the first carrier transport layer 12 and the second carrier transport layer 13; a second battery structure B consisting of a second coating layer 114, a fifth carrier transport layer 16 and a sixth carrier transport layer 17 on both sides of the second coating layer 114, and electrodes 18 formed on the fifth carrier transport layer 16 and the sixth carrier transport layer 17; and a third battery structure C consisting of a first coating layer 113, a third carrier transport layer 14 formed inside the first coating layer 113, a fourth carrier transport layer 15 formed outside the first coating layer 113, and electrodes 18 formed on the third carrier transport layer 14 and the fourth carrier transport layer 15). These three independent battery structures are electrically isolated from each other by an electrical isolation film layer 19. More specifically, for... Figure 4 The stacked battery structure of the second basic structure of the electroconversion coating 11 and the second basic structure of the electroconversion coating 11 may include: an electrode 18 stacked from the inner I to the outer O, a first carrier transport layer 12, a film layer 115 formed by mixing piezoelectric materials and photovoltaic materials at the molecular level, a second carrier transport layer 13, an electrode 18, an electrically insulating film layer 19, an electrode 18, a fifth carrier transport layer 16, a second coating 114, a sixth carrier transport layer 17, an electrode 18, an electrically insulating film layer 19, an electrode 18, a third carrier transport layer 14, a first coating 113, a fourth carrier transport layer 15, and an electrode 18.

[0044] It is worth noting that the inner and outer sides of a structure involved in the embodiments of the present invention are generally determined based on the vehicle body shell, that is, the side of a structure closer to the vehicle body shell is the inner side of the structure, and the side farther away from the vehicle body shell is the outer side of the structure.

[0045] Any of the above-mentioned battery structures can be disposed on the entire outer side of the vehicle body shell. Preferably, the battery structure is disposed on the outer side of the vehicle body shell on the windward side to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and effectiveness of the battery structure.

[0046] It is worth noting that the aforementioned battery structure can be integrated into the vehicle body shell before it leaves the factory. Alternatively, the battery structure can be additionally installed on the vehicle body shell during vehicle use.

[0047] Furthermore, the electrode 18 of the battery structure can be connected to an energy storage device installed on the vehicle via wires to store the electrical energy generated by the battery structure in the energy storage device.

[0048] It is worth noting that, for any of the battery structures provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the materials used to form the battery structure are all transparent materials, which will not obscure the color of the vehicle body shell itself.

[0049] The main principle behind the aforementioned battery structure's energy conversion is as follows: During vehicle operation, the ambient air moves relative to the vehicle (creating wind energy applied to the vehicle's body). This air exerts pressure on the body, and the piezoelectric material, under this pressure, converts that pressure into electrical energy. This energy generation typically occurs during vehicle movement. Additionally, in windy conditions, even when the vehicle is stationary, the piezoelectric material can still generate electricity. Photovoltaic materials, on the other hand, convert sunlight of a specific wavelength into electrical energy when exposed to sunlight. Regardless of whether the vehicle is moving, the photovoltaic material can convert light energy into electrical energy simply by placing the vehicle under sunlight.

[0050] Therefore, there is no correlation between piezoelectric materials converting wind energy into electrical energy and photovoltaic materials converting solar energy into electrical energy. When they are combined, they can enhance the scenarios in which battery structures can convert energy into electrical energy, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of battery structures.

[0051] More specifically, for a mixture of piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials, a single-layer or multi-layer film is formed by coating. This film can be obtained by adsorbing the mixed piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials onto a graphene oxide film layer formed on a vehicle body shell and then reducing it. Preferably, the mixture of piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials is adsorbed onto the graphene oxide film layer via a zeta potential difference. Specifically, graphene is prepared into a graphene oxide film layer by oxidation, and then a piezoelectric material (such as barium titanate or lead zirconate titanate) and a photovoltaic material (such as perovskite material) in a 1:1 molar ratio are adsorbed onto the graphene oxide film layer via a zeta potential difference to form a composite film layer. The composite film layer is then reduced by a reducing agent such as hydrazine hydrate to obtain a film layer formed by the mixture of piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials. By using graphene as a substrate, on the one hand, the uniformity and adsorption reliability of the formed film layer can be ensured; on the other hand, it helps to improve the charge carrier transport capacity of the film layer, thereby improving the charge carrier transport capacity of the battery structure.

[0052] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also provide a vehicle. This vehicle includes the battery structure of the application vehicle provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0053] More specifically, embodiments of the present invention may also provide a method for preparing a battery structure for the above-described application vehicle.

[0054] against Figure 1The battery structure with the electroconversion coating having the first basic structure described above can be prepared by a method that includes: firstly coating a transparent electrostatic isolation film layer on the outside of the vehicle body shell, then coating an electrode 18 on the outside of the electrostatic isolation film layer, coating a first carrier transport layer 12 on the outside of the electrode 18, and then alternately coating a piezoelectric material and a photovoltaic material on the outside of the first carrier transport layer 12, thereby obtaining the battery structure with the first carrier transport layer 12 having the first basic structure ... Figure 1 The diagram shows an alternating arrangement of piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials in an electro-conversion coating 11. Finally, a second carrier transport layer 13 and an electrode 18 are sequentially stacked on the outside of the electro-conversion coating 11. Additionally, an electrical isolation film layer and an encapsulation layer can be coated on the outermost layer to protect the battery structure.

[0055] For a battery structure with an electroconversion coating having the second basic structure described above, the preparation method may include: first, coating a transparent electrostatic separator layer on the outside of the vehicle body shell; then, coating an electrode 18 on the outside of the electrostatic separator layer; coating a first carrier transport layer 12 on the outside of the electrode 18; then, coating a graphene substrate material on the outside of the first carrier transport layer 12 to form a graphene film and oxidizing it to form a graphene oxide film; then, adsorbing a mixture of piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials (the piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials are mixed at the molecular level, but do not react with each other) onto the graphene oxide film through a zeta potential difference, i.e., adsorbing a composite material containing piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials onto the graphene oxide film; reducing the graphene oxide film using a reducing agent such as hydrazine hydrate to obtain the electroconversion coating 11; finally, sequentially stacking a second carrier transport layer 13 and an electrode 18 on the outside of the electroconversion coating 11. Alternatively, an electrostatic separator layer and an encapsulation layer can be coated on the outermost side to protect the battery structure. The main principle of adsorbing the mixture onto the graphene oxide film through the zeta potential difference is to adjust the pH of the mixture formed by the piezoelectric material and the photovoltaic material by the zeta potential difference, so that the mixture carries a positive charge and the graphene oxide film carries a negative charge. By means of the attraction between the positive and negative charges, the piezoelectric material and the photovoltaic material are adsorbed onto the graphene oxide film to form a film.

[0056] In addition, regarding Figure 2 The battery structure with the third basic structure of the electro-conversion coating shown can be fabricated by: first coating a transparent electro-isolating film layer on the outside of the vehicle body shell; then coating an electrode 18 on the outside of the electro-isolating film layer; coating a third carrier transport layer 14 on the outside of the electrode 18; then coating a piezoelectric material on the outside of the third carrier transport layer 14 to form a first coating 113; and then sequentially layering a fourth carrier transport layer 15, an electrode 18, an electro-isolating film layer 19, an electrode 18, a fifth carrier transport layer 16, and a photoelectric material on the outside of the first coating 113 to form a second coating 114, a sixth carrier transport layer 17, and an electrode 18. Additionally, an electro-isolating film layer and an encapsulation layer can be coated on the outermost side to protect the battery structure.

[0057] In addition, regarding Figure 3 The battery structure shown, featuring a fourth basic structure of electro-conversion coating, can be fabricated using the following method: first, a transparent electro-isolating film layer is coated on the outer side of the vehicle body casing; then, an electrode 18 is coated on the outer side of the electro-isolating film layer; a fifth carrier transport layer 16 is coated on the outer side of the electrode 18; next, a photoelectric material is coated on the outer side of the fifth carrier transport layer 16 to form a second coating 114; then, a sixth carrier transport layer 17, an electrode 18, an electro-isolating film layer 19, another electrode 18, and a third carrier transport layer 14 are sequentially coated on the outer side of the second coating 114; next, a piezoelectric material is coated on the outer side of the third carrier transport layer 14 to form a first coating 113; finally, a fourth carrier transport layer 15 and an electrode 18 are sequentially stacked on the outer side of the first coating 113. Additionally, an electro-isolating film layer and an encapsulation layer can be coated on the outermost side to protect the battery structure.

[0058] Understandably, apart from battery structures with an electroconversion coating having the second basic structure, other battery structures can be formed by coating methods such as low-temperature plasma chemical vapor deposition and magnetron sputtering.

[0059] It is worth noting that the electrode 18 can be made from existing electrode materials such as copper paste or silver paste. Furthermore, the electrode 18 can be obtained by coating the entire surface with electrode material or by coating only a portion of the surface with electrode material.

[0060] in addition, Figures 1 to 4 The battery structure shown is only an example. The various functional layers included in the battery structure, such as the electric conversion coating 11, the first carrier transport layer 12, the second carrier transport layer 13, the third carrier transport layer 14, the fourth carrier transport layer 15, the fifth carrier transport layer 16, the sixth carrier transport layer 17, and the electric isolation film layer 19, are all matched with the shape and orientation of the vehicle body shell. Therefore, the battery structure will not affect the streamline and appearance of the vehicle body shell.

[0061] The aforementioned battery structure can provide electrical power for vehicle operation, thereby increasing the vehicle's driving range. Additionally, the battery structure can also provide electrical power for various functional devices within the vehicle.

[0062] It is worth noting that the electrical energy generated by this battery structure is stored in an energy storage device. For new energy vehicles, users can switch between the existing power supply system and the energy storage device through the vehicle's infotainment system.

[0063] The above steps are provided only to help understand the structure, method, and core ideas of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery structure for use in vehicles, characterized in that, The battery structure is coated on the outside of the vehicle body shell, and the battery structure includes: an electro-conversion coating; The electro-conversion coating is electrically isolated from the vehicle body shell; The electro-conversion coating includes: a piezoelectric material for converting wind energy into electrical energy and a photovoltaic material for converting solar energy into electrical energy.

2. The battery structure for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electroconversion coating comprises: The film layer formed by mixing the piezoelectric material and the photovoltaic material.

3. The battery structure for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electroconversion coating comprises: The first coating is formed by the piezoelectric material and the second coating is formed by the photovoltaic material, and the first coating and the second coating are stacked and electrically isolated from each other.

4. The battery structure for a vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery structure also includes: A first carrier transport layer and a second carrier transport layer are disposed between the membrane layer and the vehicle body shell, wherein the first carrier transport layer and the second carrier transport layer have opposite conductivity types.

5. The battery structure for a vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The film is obtained by adsorbing and reducing a mixture of piezoelectric and photovoltaic materials onto a graphene oxide film layer formed on the vehicle body.

6. The battery structure for a vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mixture of the piezoelectric material and the photovoltaic material is adsorbed onto the graphene oxide film by means of a zeta potential difference.

7. The battery structure for a vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery structure also includes: The third carrier transport layer and the fourth carrier transport layer are disposed on both sides of the first coating, and the third carrier transport layer and the fourth carrier transport layer have opposite conductivity types. The fifth and sixth carrier transport layers are disposed on opposite sides of the second coating, and the fifth and sixth carrier transport layers have opposite conductivity types.

8. The battery structure of the application vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The battery structure is located on the outer side of the vehicle body shell on the windward side.

9. The battery structure for the application vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The piezoelectric material includes one or more combinations of barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, and polyvinylidene fluoride. And / or, The photovoltaic materials include perovskite materials or crystalline silicon materials.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The battery structure of the application vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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