Low-error welding device for ventilating duct

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilating duct low-error welding device, which belongs to the technical field of laser welding and comprises a welding platform, a jacking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the welding platform, a top plate is arranged at the top of the welding platform, a mounting mechanism is mounted at the bottom of the top plate, and laser welding robots and centering assemblies are mounted on the mounting mechanism and the jacking mechanism. The two centering assemblies are installed on one side of the hanging mechanism and one side of the jacking mechanism at the corresponding positions correspondingly, and the two sides of the bent pipe to be welded are centered and clamped through the centering assemblies on the two sides. The centering assemblies are arranged on the opposite sides of the hanging mechanism and the jacking mechanism correspondingly, the abutting blocks are driven by wedge blocks to expand in the radial direction, inner wall supporting of the bent pipe and the straight pipe is achieved, the ovality of pipe openings can be effectively corrected, meanwhile, it is ensured that the axes of the pipe openings in the two sides are accurately aligned, and the problems that when the bent pipe is in butt joint, misalignment is likely to happen, and centering time is long are solved; and the assembly efficiency and the welding precision are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser welding technology, and in particular relates to a low-error welding device for ventilation ducts. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of air conditioning and transportation, ventilation duct systems are increasingly widely used. Ventilation ducts are usually assembled from various pipe fittings such as straight pipes, bends (elbows), and tees. The quality of their connection directly affects the system's sealing performance and structural strength.

[0003] In the existing production and installation process of ventilation ducts, especially for the butt welding process of bends and straight pipes, there are problems such as difficulty in centering and clamping, and the accuracy depends on manual labor. Due to the offset of the center of gravity and the irregular shape of the bend, it is difficult to ensure the roundness consistency of the two butt joints and the precise alignment of the axis by external clamps alone. This results in uneven weld gaps and is very easy to cause misalignment, which seriously affects the welding quality.

[0004] Furthermore, ensuring a smooth inner wall for ventilation ducts reduces wind resistance and dust accumulation. High-quality ducts often require internal welds. Existing external welding equipment struggles to penetrate deep into the duct for full-circumference welding, and there is a lack of automated welding fixtures specifically designed for the internal space of ducts. Welding is typically done by external air blowing, which makes it difficult to accurately cover the weld area and easily generates turbulence, leading to weld oxidation or porosity, which reduces the mechanical properties of the weld. There is room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of external welding equipment being unable to penetrate deep into the inside of pipes for full-circumference welding, the lack of automated welding fixtures specifically designed for the internal space of pipes, and the difficulty in accurately covering the weld area with gas when external air is typically used during welding. Therefore, a low-error welding device for ventilation ducts is proposed.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A low-error welding device for ventilation ducts includes a welding platform, a lifting mechanism at the bottom of the welding platform, a top plate at the top of the welding platform, and a mounting mechanism at the bottom of the top plate. Both the mounting mechanism and the lifting mechanism are equipped with laser welding robots. The device also includes: Centering components: Two centering components are installed on one side of the mounting mechanism and one side of the lifting mechanism at corresponding positions. The two centering components are used to center and clamp the two sides of the bend to be welded. An extension support mechanism is connected to the bottom of the top plate, and the bent pipe to be welded is limited by the extension support mechanism.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: The lifting mechanism includes: The lifting hydraulic cylinder has its movable end connected to the laser welding robot, and the welding area is controlled by the extension and retraction of the movable end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder. The chassis is connected to the outside of the lifting hydraulic cylinder and to the bottom of the welding platform.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The mounting mechanism includes: A linear module is connected to the bottom of the top plate. The linear module includes a movable end, the bottom of which is connected to a mounting plate. A lateral drive unit is connected to one side of the mounting plate. The movable end of the lateral drive unit is connected to another laser welding robot.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: The centering component includes: The support ring has multiple abutment blocks arranged around its outer periphery. The radial movement of the abutment blocks supports the pipe to be welded.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: The centering component also includes: A rotating ring is rotatably connected within the support ring; A sliding rod is connected to one side of the abutment block, and the other end of the sliding rod extends through the support ring to the outside of the rotating ring and is connected to a force-bearing block. A first spring is sleeved on the outside of the slide rod. One end of the first spring is connected to the outside of the rotating ring, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the outside of the slide rod. Multiple wedges are arranged around the outer periphery of the rotating ring, and the rotation of the rotating ring drives the force block at one end of the slide rod. The inner support seat has an inner support ring connected to its outer periphery via a rod. The outer side of the inner support ring is rotatably connected to the rotating ring.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: The centering component also includes: Multiple air nozzles are connected to one side of the abutment block. The air nozzles are connected to an external air pump through pipes, and inert gas is delivered for protection by the air pump.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: The centering component also includes: A directional hydraulic cylinder is mounted inside the support ring via a fixed base; A hinge block is connected to one side of the movable end of the directional hydraulic cylinder. A rotating block is rotatably connected to one side of the hinge block via another hinge block. A fixed plate is connected between the two rotating blocks. The fixed plate is connected to the outside of the rotating ring. The rotation of the rotating ring is controlled by the extension and retraction of the directional hydraulic cylinder.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: The centering component also includes: A guide plate, multiple guide plates are rotatably connected to one side of the abutment block at corresponding positions, and both sides of the guide plate are rotatably connected to the abutment block via shafts; The rewind bearing is installed on one side of the lug and is connected to one end of the shaft. The shaft is driven by the rewind bearing to make the guide plate fit against the side wall of the pipe. The guide plate has an L-shaped cross-section, and the opening of the guide plate faces the direction of the jet nozzle. The inert gas is guided to flow into the weld area by the tilt of the guide plate near the jet nozzle.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: The expansion support mechanism includes: A sleeve, the top of which is disposed at the bottom of the top plate; The inner cavity of the sleeve is equipped with clamps on both sides, and the clamps on both sides are configured to move close to each other to limit the pipe to be welded.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: The extended support mechanism also includes: A clamping drive unit, one side of which is connected to one side of the sleeve via a mounting component.

[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, by setting centering components on opposite sides of the mounting mechanism and the lifting mechanism, and using wedge blocks to drive the abutment blocks to expand radially, the inner walls of the bent pipe and the straight pipe are supported. This can effectively correct the ellipticity of the pipe opening and ensure that the axes of the pipe openings on both sides are accurately aligned. This solves the problems of easy misalignment and long centering time when connecting bent pipes, and greatly improves assembly efficiency and welding accuracy.

[0017] 2. In this invention, a laser welding robot connected to the lifting mechanism and the mounting mechanism can drive the welding head to penetrate into the inside of the pipe for circumferential welding after the pipe is centered and connected. Compared with external welding, internal welding can ensure the smoothness of the inner wall of the pipe and reduce fluid resistance. With the lateral drive of the linear module and the extension and retraction of the lifting hydraulic cylinder, it can flexibly adapt to the weld requirements of different lengths and positions.

[0018] 3. In this invention, to address the problem of difficult gas protection during welding of the inner wall, an air nozzle is integrated on the abutment block. When the centering component tightens the pipe, the guide plate automatically fits the inner wall of the pipe under the action of the rewind bearing, accurately guiding the inert gas sprayed from the air nozzle to the weld area, preventing gas from escaping, greatly improving the uniformity of inert gas coverage, and avoiding weld oxidation and porosity.

[0019] 4. In this invention, through the linkage design of the lifting mechanism and the mounting mechanism, after welding is completed, the lifting hydraulic cylinder drives the bottom centering component to descend and retract to the bottom of the platform, realizing the separation from the pipe. Subsequently, the mounting mechanism moves laterally to move the welded pipe to the side of the platform. Through the descent avoidance and lateral transfer, the unloading process does not require manual handling intervention. The centering component uses a directional hydraulic cylinder to drive the hinge block and rotating ring, and then provides radial support force through the mechanical structure of the wedge pushing the slide rod. In conjunction with the external expansion support mechanism, the outer wall of the bend is assisted in limiting the movement, forming a double fixing mode of inner support and outer clamping, ensuring the stability of the pipe during the welding process and further ensuring low-error welding. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a low-error welding device for ventilation ducts proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of a low-error welding device for ventilation ducts proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse structure of a low-error welding device for ventilation ducts proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the centering component structure of a low-error welding device for ventilation ducts proposed in this invention; Figure 5 The present invention proposes Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of section A; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the centering component of a low-error welding device for ventilation ducts proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a top view of the centering component of a low-error welding device for ventilation ducts proposed in this invention.

[0021] Legend: 1. Welding platform; 2. Lifting mechanism; 201. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 202. Chassis; 3. Mounting mechanism; 301. Linear module; 302. Mounting plate; 4. Centering component; 401. Support ring; 402. Slide rod; 403. Abutment block; 404. First spring; 405. Force-bearing block; 406. Rotating ring; 407. Wedge block; 408. Fixing plate; 409. Rotating block; 410. Hinge block; 411. Directional hydraulic cylinder; 412. Fixed seat; 413. Inner support seat; 414. Air nozzle; 415. Inner support ring; 416. Guide plate; 417. Rewind bearing; 5. Extension support mechanism; 501. Hoop; 502. Clamping plate; 503. Clamping drive unit; 504. Fixing rod; 6. Laser welding robot; 7. Lateral drive unit. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention provides a technical solution: a low-error welding device for ventilation ducts, comprising: Welding platform 1, with a lifting mechanism 2 at the bottom and a top plate at the top. A mounting mechanism 3 is installed at the bottom of the top plate. Both the mounting mechanism 3 and the lifting mechanism 2 are equipped with laser welding robots 6. Centering component 4, two centering components 4 are respectively installed on one side of the mounting mechanism 3 and the lifting mechanism 2 at the corresponding positions, and the two sides of the bend to be welded are centered and clamped by the two centering components 4. Extended support mechanism 5 is connected to the bottom of the top plate, and the bent pipe to be welded is limited by extended support mechanism 5. The lifting mechanism 2 includes a lifting hydraulic cylinder 201, the movable end of which is connected to the laser welding robot 6, and the welding area is controlled by the extension and retraction of the movable end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 201. The chassis 202 is connected to the outside of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 201, and the chassis 202 is connected to the bottom of the welding platform 1; Mounting mechanism 3 includes: Linear module 301 is connected to the bottom of the top plate. Linear module 301 includes a movable end. The bottom of the movable end is connected to a mounting plate 302. A horizontal drive unit 7 is connected to one side of the mounting plate 302. The movable end of the horizontal drive unit 7 is connected to another laser welding robot 6. The centering component 4 includes: a support ring 401, with multiple abutment blocks 403 arranged around the outer periphery of the support ring 401, which support the pipe to be welded outward by radial movement of the abutment blocks 403; The centering component 4 also includes: a rotating ring 406, which is rotatably connected to the support ring 401; The slide bar 402 is connected to one side of the abutment block 403, and the other end of the slide bar 402 extends through the support ring 401 to the outside of the rotating ring 406 and is connected to the force-bearing block 405. The first spring 404 is sleeved on the outside of the slide rod 402. One end of the first spring 404 is connected to the outside of the rotating ring 406, and the other end of the first spring 404 is connected to the outside of the slide rod 402. Wedge 407, multiple wedges 407 are arranged around the outer periphery of rotating ring 406, and the rotation of rotating ring 406 drives the force block 405 at one end of slide rod 402. Centering component 4 also includes: An inner support seat 413 has an inner support ring 415 connected to its outer periphery via a rod. The outer side of the inner support ring 415 is rotatably connected to the rotating ring 406. Specifically: To overcome the problem of time-consuming centering adjustments required when welding straight pipes on both sides of a bend, when welding is required, the pipes on both sides can be placed into the corresponding centering components 4 for assembly. When the pipe at the bottom is assembled through the centering components 4, the centering adjustment of the pipes on both sides of the bend can be completed by the centering components on both sides. After centering, the opening positions on both sides of the bend can be quickly connected, and the extension support mechanism 5 clamps and abuts the bend. After the bend and straight pipe are connected, the laser welding robot 6 can be moved to the joint position by controlling the corresponding lifting mechanism 2 and the lateral drive unit 7. After the laser welding robot 6 moves to the weld area, the laser welding robot 6 can rotate circumferentially to drive the front laser welding head to perform circumferential welding from the inside of the pipe, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the joint welding and improving the welding accuracy. With the designed lifting mechanism 2, after the pipe welding is completed, the movable end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 201 can be lowered by controlling the movable end to move the centering component 4 located at the top to the bottom space of the welding platform 1 and then separate it from the straight pipe. At this time, the welded bend can be moved to the side of the welding platform 1 for unloading by the lateral movement of the mounting mechanism 3. Thus, the unloading of the welded pipe can be achieved by the lifting mechanism 2 that can be retracted to the bottom of the welding platform 1 in conjunction with the lateral movement of the mounting mechanism 3. Furthermore, when the slide bar 402 moves, it can pull the external first spring 404, and the first spring 404 can absorb the impact of the slide bar 402 moving by its own elasticity. During assembly, after the pipe fitting is placed outside the centering assembly 4 at the corresponding position, the extension of the corresponding directional hydraulic cylinder 411 can be controlled to drive the hinge blocks 410 on both sides to push the rotating block 409, which in turn moves the fixed plate 408. The movement of the fixed plate 408 can drive the rotating ring 406 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating ring 406 can drive the outer wedge block 407 to push the force block 405. After the force block 405 is compressed, it can drive the sliding rod 402 to move. When the sliding rod 402 moves, it can drive the abutment block 403 to abut against the inner wall of the pipe. The support of multiple abutment blocks 403 on the periphery can improve the support stability. The centering component 4 also includes: a directional hydraulic cylinder 411, which is mounted on the inner side of the support ring 401 via a fixed seat 412; The hinge block 410 is connected to one side of the movable end of the directional hydraulic cylinder 411. One side of the hinge block 410 is rotatably connected to the rotating block 409 through the other hinge block 410. A fixing plate 408 is connected between the two rotating blocks 409. The fixing plate 408 is connected to the outside of the rotating ring 406. The rotation of the rotating ring 406 is controlled by the extension and retraction of the directional hydraulic cylinder 411. The extended support mechanism 5 includes: a sleeve 501, the top of which is located at the bottom of the top plate; The inner cavity of the sleeve 501 is provided with clamping plates 502 on both sides, and the clamping plates 502 on both sides are configured to move close to each other to limit the pipe to be welded. In one embodiment, the sleeve 501 is connected to the bottom of the transverse transplanting assembly located at the bottom of the top plate via a top fixing rod 504 (not shown in the figure), and the sleeve 501 and the clamped pipe are moved as a whole by the transverse moving assembly. The extended support mechanism 5 also includes: a clamping drive unit 503, one side of which is connected to one side of the sleeve 501 via a mounting component; Furthermore, the clamping drive is a corresponding pneumatic or electric drive component, and the clamping plate 502 is moved by the extension and retraction control of the clamping drive to fix the pipe. Specifically: Through the designed extended support mechanism 5, when welding the bend, the sleeve 501 can be set outside the bend. At this time, the clamping drive part 503 can extend and drive the clamping plate 502 to move inward to squeeze and limit the bend. By limiting the bend and coordinating the clamping and abutting on both sides, the lifting mechanism 2 and the transverse drive part 7 can be used to control the adjustment of the weld, which is beneficial to improving the abutting and support effect of the weld position. It also includes: a jet nozzle 414, multiple jet nozzles 414 connected to one side of the abutment block 403, the jet nozzles 414 being connected to an external air pump through a pipe, and inert gas being delivered for protection by the air pump; With the designed abutment block 403 and jet nozzle 414, when the abutment block 403 contacts the periphery of the pipe, during laser welding, gas can be delivered to the corresponding weld position through the jet nozzle 414 located on the side wall of the abutment block 403. This is beneficial to improve the inert protection effect on the weld area through the output of the jet nozzle 414 and inert gas. The centering component 4 also includes: a guide plate 416, multiple guide plates 416 are rotatably connected to one side of the abutment block 403 at corresponding positions, and both sides of the guide plate 416 are rotatably connected to the lugs via shafts, and are connected to one side of the abutment block 403 via the lugs; The rewind bearing 417 is installed on one side of the lug and is connected to one end of the shaft. The shaft is driven by the rewind bearing 417 to make the guide plate 416 fit against the side wall of the pipe. The rewind bearing 417 includes a bearing housing, a rotating inner core, and a planar spiral spring disposed between the two. The bearing housing is fixedly connected to one side of the lug, and the rotating inner core is fixedly connected to the end of the shaft body by a keyway or fastening screw. The inner end of the planar spiral spring is fixed to the rotating inner core, and the outer end is fixed to the inner wall of the bearing housing. The planar spiral spring is configured to be in a preloaded state, and its stored elastic potential energy drives the shaft to rotate by rotating the inner core, thereby giving the guide plate 416 connected to the shaft a continuous torque that deflects towards the inner wall of the pipe. The guide plate 416 has an L-shaped cross-section and the opening of the guide plate 416 faces the jet direction of the jet nozzle 414. The inert gas is guided to flow into the weld area by the inclination of the guide plate 416 on the side close to the jet nozzle 414. Furthermore, in order to better fit the weld area, the designed guide plate 416 can improve the uniformity of contact between the inert gas and the welding area when the centering component 4 abuts and limits the pipe end, which helps to avoid porosity during welding and improve the welding effect.

[0024] In this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-error welding device for ventilation ducts, comprising a welding platform (1) provided with a jacking mechanism (2) at the bottom and a top plate at the top, and a hanging mechanism (3) installed at the bottom of the top plate, and a laser welding robot (6) installed on the hanging mechanism (3) and the jacking mechanism (2), characterized in that, Also include: Centering assembly (4), two centering assembly (4) is installed in the corresponding position on one side of the hanging mechanism (3) and one side of the lifting mechanism (2), through the two sides of the centering assembly (4) on both sides of the pipe to be welded are centered and clamped; Expansion support mechanism (5) is connected to the bottom of the top plate, and the expansion support mechanism (5) is limited to the pipe to be welded.

2. A low error welding apparatus for a ventilation duct according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism (2) comprises: Lifting hydraulic cylinder (201), the movable end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (201) is connected with the laser welding robot (6), and the welding area is controlled by the movable end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (201); Chassis (202) is connected to the outside of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (201), and the chassis (202) is connected to the bottom of the welding platform (1).

3. A low error welding apparatus for a ventilation duct according to claim 1, wherein The hanging mechanism (3) comprises: Linear module (301), linear module (301) is connected to the bottom of the top plate, linear module (301) comprises a movable end, the movable end is connected with a hanging plate (302), one side of the hanging plate (302) is connected with a transverse driving part (7), and the movable end of the transverse driving part (7) is connected with another laser welding robot (6).

4. A low error welding apparatus for vent ducts as defined in claim 1 wherein, The centering assembly (4) comprises: Support ring (401), a plurality of abutting blocks (403) are arranged on the outer circumferential side of the support ring (401), and the pipe to be welded is supported outwardly by the radial movement of the abutting blocks (403).

5. A low error welding apparatus for a ventilation duct according to claim 4, wherein The centering assembly (4) further comprises: Rotary ring (406), rotatably connected to the inside of the support ring (401); Slide rod (402), connected to one side of the abutting block (403), the other end of the slide rod (402) extends through the support ring (401) to the outside of the rotary ring (406) and is connected with the force block (405); First spring (404), sleeved on the outside of the slide rod (402), one end of the first spring (404) is connected with one side of the outside of the rotary ring (406), and the other end of the first spring (404) is connected to the outside of the slide rod (402); Wedge (407), a plurality of wedges (407) are arranged on the outer circumferential side of the rotary ring (406), and the wedge (407) is driven by the rotary ring (406) to drive the force block (405) at one end of the slide rod (402); Inner support seat (413), the inner support ring (415) is connected to the outer circumferential side of the inner support seat (413) through the rod body, and the outer part of the inner support ring (415) is rotatably connected with the rotary ring (406).

6. A low error welding apparatus for a ventilation duct according to claim 5, wherein The centering assembly (4) further comprises: Jet nozzle (414), a plurality of jet nozzles (414) are connected to one side of the abutting block (403), the jet nozzle (414) is communicated with the external delivery gas pump through the pipeline, and the inert gas protection is protected by the delivery gas pump.

7. A low error welding apparatus for a ventilation duct according to claim 5, wherein The centering assembly (4) further comprises: Direction adjusting hydraulic cylinder (411), the direction adjusting hydraulic cylinder (411) is installed in the inside of the support ring (401) through the fixing seat (412); The hinge block (410) is connected to one side of the movable end of the direction-adjusting hydraulic cylinder (411), one side of the hinge block (410) is rotatably connected with a rotating block (409) through the other side hinge block (410), the two rotating blocks (409) are connected with a fixed plate (408), the fixed plate (408) is connected to the outside of the rotating ring (406), and the rotation of the rotating ring (406) is controlled through the extension and retraction of the direction-adjusting hydraulic cylinder (411).

8. A low error welding apparatus for vent ducts as defined in claim 1 wherein, The centering assembly (4) further comprises: The guide plate (416) is rotatably connected to one side of the abutting block (403) at a corresponding position, and the guide plate (416) is rotatably connected with an ear on both sides through a shaft body, and is connected to one side of the abutting block (403) through the ear; The rewinding bearing (417) is installed on one side of the ear, and the rewinding bearing (417) is connected with one end of the shaft body, so that the shaft body drives the guide plate (416) to adhere to the side wall of the pipeline through the rewinding bearing (417). The cross section of the guide plate (416) is L-shaped, and the opening of the guide plate (416) faces the jet direction of the air jet nozzle (414), so that the guide plate (416) guides the inert gas flowing to the weld area through the inclination of the side close to the air jet nozzle (414).

9. A low error welding apparatus for vent ducts as defined in claim 1 wherein, The expansion support mechanism (5) comprises: The sleeve (501) is arranged at the bottom of the top plate, and the inner cavity of the sleeve (501) is provided with clamping plates (502) on both sides, and the two clamping plates (502) are configured to be close to each other to limit the to-be-welded pipeline.

10. A low error welding apparatus for a ventilation duct according to claim 9, wherein, The expansion support mechanism (5) further comprises: The clamping driving part (503) is connected to one side of the sleeve (501) through a mounting part.

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