Precise component low-adhesive-force burr removing method based on dry ice cleaning

Abstract

The invention relates to a precision component low-adhesion burr removing method based on dry ice cleaning, and relates to the technical field of precision manufacturing surface treatment. At present, existing dry ice cleaning is mostly applied to large-area surface stain cleaning, parameter optimization is not carried out according to the low-adhesive-force burr characteristic of a precision component, a plurality of ice particles are too large, the injection pressure is too high, and a component base body is prone to being damaged. A precision component low-adhesive-force burr removing method based on dry ice cleaning is characterized in that dry ice particle parameters, spraying process parameters and component positioning postures are accurately controlled, the synergistic effect of momentum impact and thermodynamic embrittlement generated when dry ice particles impact burrs is utilized, and the surface precision of a component base body is not damaged; low-adhesive-force burrs at complex structures such as threaded holes and micro gaps are efficiently removed, the technical problems that scratches are prone to being left in traditional mechanical grinding and a base body is prone to being corroded in chemical cleaning are solved, and the method is applied to the precision component aftertreatment procedure in the aerospace field.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of precision manufacturing surface treatment, and particularly relates to a precision component low-adhesion burr removal method based on dry ice cleaning. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the machining process of precision components such as cutting, stamping, and injection molding, low-adhesion burrs are prone to occur on the surface and complex structures (such as threaded holes and micro-slits) of the components. Although such burrs have weak adhesion, if they are not completely removed, they will directly affect the assembly accuracy and movement reliability of the components, and even cause equipment failure due to burr shedding in subsequent use. Therefore, burr removal is a key post-processing procedure in precision manufacturing.

[0003] The existing burr removal methods have obvious defects: traditional mechanical polishing methods rely on sandpaper and grinding wheels, which can easily leave scratches on the surface of the components and cannot be used for burr removal in deep cavity structures such as threaded holes; chemical cleaning methods use corrosive agents to dissolve burrs, but they can easily corrode the base material of the components and generate waste liquid that pollutes the environment; high-pressure water jet methods are difficult to precisely act on small burr areas due to the strong flow of water, and can also cause the components to rust.

[0004] Dry ice cleaning technology provides a new direction for burr removal due to its characteristics of impact removal by dry ice particles and residue-free sublimation. However, existing dry ice cleaning is mainly used for cleaning large-area surface stains, and the parameters are not optimized for the characteristics of low-adhesion burrs on precision components. If the dry ice particles are too large and the spraying pressure is too high, the base material of the components can be easily damaged; if the parameters are too small, the burrs cannot be effectively stripped. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method for sustainable efficiency improvement of high-power spiral bevel gears, which realizes the dual goals of efficient burr removal and non-damage to the base material of the components through multi-parameter collaborative control.

[0006] A precision component low-adhesion burr removal method based on dry ice cleaning, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Pretreatment of the component to be processed: The precision component with low-adhesion burrs is surface cleaned to remove surface dust, oil stains and other impurities. After the component surface is wiped with alcohol, it is naturally air-dried. The air-drying environment temperature is controlled at 20-25℃, and the humidity is controlled at 40%-50%; Step 2: Dry ice particle preparation and parameter setting: Cylindrical dry ice particles are prepared by a dry ice granulator, with a particle diameter of 0.3-1.2mm and a length of 1-3mm. The dry ice particles are stored in a heat-preservation storage tank, with a storage temperature maintained below -78.5℃ and a storage pressure controlled at 0.1-0.15MPa; Step three: spray system debugging and positioning: The pretreated component is fixed on the three-axis linkage workbench, the workbench posture is adjusted according to the component burr distribution area, so that the burr area is opposite to the dry ice spray nozzle; Step four: dry ice spray burr removal: The dry ice spray system is started, and the component burr area is sprayed according to the preset nozzle moving path. During the spraying process, the component surface temperature is monitored in real time by the infrared temperature sensor to ensure that the temperature is not lower than-10℃. For the burrs at the threaded hole deep cavity structure, a rotating nozzle is used for 360° surrounding spraying, and the rotating angular velocity is 10-20 rad / s. Step five: post-processing and detection: After stopping spraying, the dry ice sublimation product and burr debris remaining on the component surface are blown away by compressed air, and the burr removal effect is detected by an optical microscope. If there are residual burrs that have not been removed, repeat step four, adjust the spraying pressure to 1.1-1.2 times of the original set value, and then spray again.

[0007] Further, the raw material of the dry ice particles in step two is food-grade liquid carbon dioxide with a purity of not less than 99.9%.

[0008] Further, the positioning accuracy of the three-axis linkage workbench in step three is not less than ±0.01 mm, ensuring that the coincidence degree of the nozzle moving path and the burr distribution area is ≥95%.

[0009] Further, the burr distribution area of the component in step three is the edge of a threaded hole or a micro-gap.

[0010] Further, the dry ice spray nozzle in step three is adjusted to set the spraying pressure of the dry ice spray system to 0.3-0.8 MPa, the distance between the nozzle and the component burr area is 50-150 mm, and the nozzle moving speed is 10-30 mm / s.

[0011] Further, the detection accuracy of the infrared temperature sensor in step four is ±0.5℃, and when the component surface temperature is lower than-10℃, the spraying intensity is automatically reduced.

[0012] Further, the reduced spraying intensity value is to reduce the spraying pressure to 0.8-0.9 times of the original set value or to pause the spraying, and after the component surface temperature rises above 0℃, the processing is continued.

[0013] The precision component low-adhesion burr removal method based on dry ice cleaning proposed by the present application can bring the following beneficial effects: This invention uses multi-parameter coordinated control so that dry ice particles only act on low-adhesion burrs and do not damage the surface precision of the component substrate, thus solving the scratch problem of mechanical grinding and the corrosion problem of chemical cleaning.

[0014] The synergistic effect of dry ice particle impact and low-temperature embrittlement in this invention improves burr removal efficiency by 3-5 times compared to traditional mechanical grinding, and eliminates the need for subsequent waste liquid treatment, thus shortening the overall processing cycle. Furthermore, the dry ice particles sublimate into carbon dioxide gas, producing no solid residue or liquid waste.

[0015] This invention can be adapted to different materials, such as aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, and plastics, and different structures, such as threaded holes, micro gaps, and tenons, by adjusting parameters such as dry ice particle size and spray pressure. It has a wide range of applications. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention, a detailed description is provided below with reference to the specification and examples.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0018] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0019] Example 1: A method for removing low-adhesion burrs from precision components based on dry ice cleaning, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Pre-treatment of the component to be processed: For precision components with low-adhesion burrs, perform surface cleaning to remove surface dust, oil, and other impurities. Wipe the surface of the components with alcohol and then let them air dry naturally. The drying environment temperature should be controlled at 20-25℃ and the humidity at 40%-50%. The core purpose of this step is to eliminate the interference of surface impurities on the deburring effect. If the component surface is covered with oil, it will cause the dry ice particles to slip during impact, reducing the impact efficiency; Dust may mix with burrs during spraying, affecting subsequent inspections. Wiping with alcohol can quickly dissolve oil stains, and controlling the ambient temperature and humidity can prevent alcohol residue or moisture on the component surface.

[0020] Step 2: Dry ice particle preparation and parameter setting: Columnar dry ice particles are prepared using a dry ice granulator, with a particle diameter of 0.3-1.2 mm and a length of 1-3 mm. The dry ice particles are then stored in an insulated storage tank, with the storage temperature maintained below -78.5℃ and the storage pressure controlled at 0.1-0.15 MPa. Dry ice particle preparation and parameter setting: The size of columnar dry ice particles directly affects the impact effect. If the diameter is too small, they are prone to breakage during spraying and cannot form an effective impact force. If the diameter is too large, the contact area is too large, which can easily damage the surface of the component. Selecting particles with a diameter of 0.3-1.2mm and a length of 1-3mm can ensure impact strength and is suitable for burr removal in narrow areas such as micro-gaps; Insulated storage can prevent dry ice from sublimating prematurely and ensure stable particle shape during spraying.

[0021] Step 3: Injection System Adjustment and Positioning The pre-treated component is fixed on a three-axis linkage worktable. The attitude of the worktable is adjusted according to the burr distribution area of ​​the component so that the burr area is facing the dry ice spray nozzle. Injection system debugging and positioning: The high-precision positioning of the three-axis linkage worktable is the key to accurately applying the injection to the burr area and avoiding damage to the substrate caused by dry ice particles impacting the non-burr area; The nozzle distance and moving speed settings need to be matched with the burr distribution density. In areas with dense burrs, the moving speed can be reduced and the nozzle distance shortened to ensure that each burr is effectively impacted.

[0022] Step 4: Dry ice spray to remove burrs: Start the dry ice spraying system and spray the burr area of ​​the component according to the preset nozzle movement path. During the spraying process, the surface temperature of the component is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature sensor to ensure that the temperature is not lower than -10℃. For burrs in the deep cavity structure of threaded holes, a rotating nozzle is used for 360° circumferential spraying with a rotational angular velocity of 10-20 rad / s. Dry ice blasting for burr removal: The blasting pressure is the core control parameter. A range of 0.3-0.8MPa can peel off burrs with low adhesion without exceeding the surface strength of precision components. Real-time temperature monitoring can prevent stress deformation of components due to low temperature. Especially for low-temperature sensitive materials such as aluminum alloys and titanium alloys, temperature control can avoid damage to material properties. The design of the rotating nozzle solves the problem of burrs in deep cavity structures being difficult to cover in all directions.

[0023] Step 5: Post-processing and inspection: After stopping spraying, use compressed air to blow away the residual dry ice sublimation products and burr debris on the surface of the component. Use an optical microscope to check the burr removal effect. If there are any residual burrs that have not been removed, repeat step four, adjust the spraying pressure to 1.1-1.2 times the original set value, and spray again.

[0024] Post-processing and inspection: Compressed air purging can quickly remove sublimation products and burr debris, preventing debris from adhering and affecting the subsequent use of the components; Optical microscopy can provide a direct assessment of the burr removal effect. Parameter adjustment strategies for residual burrs can ensure the removal effect while avoiding damage to the substrate caused by blindly increasing pressure.

[0025] Example 2: According to the dry ice cleaning-based method for removing low-adhesion burrs from precision components described in Example 1, In step two, the raw material for preparing dry ice particles is food-grade liquid carbon dioxide with a purity of not less than 99.9%.

[0026] In step three, the positioning accuracy of the three-axis linkage worktable shall not be less than ±0.01mm, ensuring that the overlap between the nozzle movement path and the burr distribution area is ≥95%.

[0027] The component burr distribution area in step three is the edge of threaded holes or micro-gap.

[0028] In step three, the dry ice spray nozzle is adjusted. The dry ice spray system is set with a spray pressure of 0.3-0.8 MPa, a distance of 50-150 mm between the nozzle and the burr area of ​​the component, and a nozzle moving speed of 10-30 mm / s. In step four, the infrared temperature sensor has a detection accuracy of ±0.5℃. When the surface temperature of the component is below -10℃, the spraying intensity is automatically reduced.

[0029] Example 3: According to the dry ice cleaning-based method for removing low-adhesion burrs from precision components as described in Example 1 or 2, the reduced spray intensity is defined as reducing the spray pressure to 0.8-0.9 times the original set value or pausing spraying until the component surface temperature rises above 0°C before resuming processing.

[0030] In the first step of the pretreatment, a titanium alloy blade with tenon groove burrs is selected, and a lint-free cloth is moistened with anhydrous ethanol (purity 99.7%) and wiped along the surface texture of the blade, focusing on cleaning the tenon groove gap. After wiping, it is placed in a clean room at 23°C and 45% humidity to dry for 15 minutes.

[0031] The dry ice preparation in step two uses food-grade liquid carbon dioxide (99.95% purity) as raw material. Columnar dry ice particles with a diameter of 0.8 mm and a length of 2 mm are prepared by a dry ice granulator and stored in an insulated storage tank at -80℃ and 0.12 MPa for no more than 2 hours.

[0032] In step three, the system debugging involves fixing the blade to a three-axis linkage worktable with a positioning accuracy of ±0.005mm, capturing images of the burr distribution in the tenon groove using an industrial camera, setting the nozzle movement path to coincide with the burr area, adjusting the distance between the nozzle and the tenon groove surface to 80mm, the spray pressure to 0.5MPa, and the nozzle movement speed to 20mm / s.

[0033] In step four, the spraying process involves starting the spraying system and spraying the tenon groove area along a preset path. During the spraying process, an infrared temperature sensor monitors the blade surface temperature in real time and maintains it at 5-8℃. For the deep cavity burrs at the bottom of the tenon groove, the system is switched to a rotating nozzle and sprayed around the area at an angular velocity of 15 rad / s. Each spraying session lasts for 30 seconds.

[0034] In step five, the post-processing and inspection involved blowing compressed air at 0.25 MPa along the tenon groove direction for 30 seconds and observing with a 200x optical microscope. Three tiny residual burrs were found on the edge of the tenon groove. The spray pressure was adjusted to 0.55 MPa, and the residual area was sprayed again for 10 seconds. No burrs were found, and the blade surface showed no scratches, deformation, or other damage.

[0035] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low adhesion burr removal method for precision components based on dry ice cleaning, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Pretreatment of the component to be treated: The surface of the precision component with low-attachment burrs is cleaned to remove surface dust, oil stains and other impurities. After the component surface is wiped with alcohol, it is naturally air-dried. The air-drying environment temperature is controlled at 20-25℃, and the humidity is controlled at 40%-50%; Step 2: Preparation of dry ice particles and parameter setting: Cylindrical dry ice particles are prepared by a dry ice granulator, with a particle diameter of 0.3-1.2mm and a length of 1-3mm. The dry ice particles are stored in a heat-preservation storage tank, with a storage temperature maintained below-78.5℃ and a storage pressure controlled at 0.1-0.15MPa; Step 3: Adjustment and positioning of the spray system: The pretreated component is fixed on a three-axis linkage workbench. The workbench posture is adjusted so that the burr area is directly opposite the dry ice spray head; Step 4: Dry ice spray burr removal: The dry ice spray system is started, and the component burr area is sprayed according to the preset spray head moving path. The component surface temperature is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature sensor during the spraying process to ensure that the temperature is not lower than-10℃; For burrs at the structure of a threaded hole deep cavity, a rotating spray head is used for 360° surrounding spraying, with a rotating angular velocity of 10-20rad / s; Step 5: Post-treatment and detection: After the spraying is stopped, the dry ice sublimation product and burr debris remaining on the component surface are blown away by compressed air. The burr removal effect is detected by an optical microscope. If there are residual burrs that have not been removed, step 4 is repeated. The spray pressure is adjusted to 1.1-1.2 times the original set value before spraying again.

2. The dry ice cleaning based precision component low adhesion burr removal method of claim 1, wherein, The raw material for preparing the dry ice particles in step 2 is food-grade liquid carbon dioxide.

3. The dry ice cleaning based precision component low force burr removal method of claim 1, wherein, The positioning accuracy of the three-axis linkage workbench in step 3 is not less than ±0.01mm, ensuring that the coincidence degree of the spray head moving path and the burr distribution area is ≥95%.

4. The dry ice cleaning based precision component low force burr removal method of claim 1, wherein, The burr distribution area of the component in step 3 is the edge of a threaded hole or a micro-slit gap.

5. The dry ice cleaning based precision component low adhesion burr removal method of claim 1, wherein, The dry ice spray head in step 3 is adjusted to set the spray pressure of the dry ice spray system to 0.3-0.8MPa. The distance between the spray head and the component burr area is 50-150mm, and the moving speed of the spray head is 10-30mm / s.

6. The dry ice cleaning based low force burr removal method of precision components of claim 1, wherein, The detection accuracy of the infrared temperature sensor in step 4 is ±0.5℃. When the component surface temperature is lower than-10℃, the spray intensity is automatically reduced.

7. The dry ice cleaning based low force burr removal method of precision components of claim 6, wherein, The reduced spray intensity value is to reduce the spray pressure to 0.8-0.9 times the original set value or to temporarily stop spraying. After the component surface temperature rises above 0℃, the processing is continued.