Elevator safety clamp braking wear online monitoring and early warning system

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator safety clamp braking wear on-line monitoring and early warning system which comprises a clamp body, two symmetrical brake blocks are arranged in the clamp body, springs are arranged between the brake blocks and the clamp body, a first patch is attached to one face of each brake block, a first connecting rod is hinged to each first patch, and a second connecting rod is hinged to the other face of each brake block. A first rotating rod is hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod, connecting pieces are fixed to the two sides of the clamp body, first angle sensors are fixed to the connecting pieces, and one end of the first rotating rod is rotationally connected into the first angle sensors; compared with the prior art, by means of the mechanical and sensing integrated design, a traditional elevator safety gear abrasion inspection mode which depends on manpower, is offline and extensive is changed, and a series of remarkable technical progress and application benefits are brought.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevator monitoring technology, specifically an online monitoring and early warning system for wear of elevator safety brakes. Background Technology

[0002] As an indispensable vertical transportation tool in modern buildings, elevators rely heavily on safety brakes, one of the most critical safety devices. These brakes are key components that mechanically bring the car or counterweight to a stop and secure it to the guide rails in the event of elevator overspeeding or traction system failure. The brake pads, as the direct actuators of the safety brakes, directly determine the reliability and effectiveness of the braking performance based on their wear condition. Therefore, effectively monitoring the wear of the safety brake pads is crucial for preventing brake failure and ensuring the inherent safety of elevators, possessing significant engineering and social value.

[0003] Previously, the industry primarily relied on maintenance personnel manually measuring the residual thickness of the brake pad friction material in elevators while the elevator was stopped, using tools such as calipers, feeler gauges, or specialized gauges, according to relevant safety technical specifications. This method has significant drawbacks: First, monitoring is intermittent, failing to reflect the rapid development of wear between inspections, creating a safety blind spot; second, measurement accuracy and reliability are poor, as the brake pad surface may be uneven, and errors can easily occur due to measurement location and human readings; third, it disrupts normal elevator operation, requiring the elevator to be shut down, reducing equipment availability; fourth, it cannot identify abnormal wear patterns, only obtaining local thickness values, making it difficult to effectively judge uneven wear such as eccentric wear and grooves.

[0004] Some improvement solutions attempt to install limit switches or simple linear displacement sensors on the back of the brake block. When wear reaches a preset limit, the brake block moves, triggering the limit switch or the displacement sensor outputs a signal. While this method achieves online alerts, its limitations are also significant: First, it has limited functionality, only providing limit alarms and failing to quantify the wear process in real time, thus hindering predictive maintenance; second, it lacks comprehensive diagnostic capabilities, typically deploying sensors at only one point, completely unable to monitor uneven wear on the brake block vertically or horizontally, and completely unable to distinguish abnormal wear states caused by improper installation or guide rail problems; third, there are installation and reliability challenges. The elevator shaft environment is harsh, simple electrical switches are prone to failure, and maintaining the accuracy and stability of sensors that directly measure minute linear displacements during long-term operation is also a major challenge.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an online monitoring and early warning system for wear of elevator safety brakes to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an online monitoring and early warning system for wear of elevator safety clamps, comprising a clamp body, wherein two symmetrical brake blocks are disposed in the clamp body, a spring is disposed between the brake blocks and the clamp body, a first patch is attached to one side of each brake block, a first connecting rod is hinged to each first patch, a first rotating rod is hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod, connecting plates are fixed on both sides of the clamp body, a first angle sensor is fixed in the connecting plates, and one end of the first rotating rod is rotatably connected to the first angle sensor.

[0007] Furthermore, the first patch is located on the upper part of the brake block;

[0008] Each brake block has a second patch attached to its lower part, and a second connecting rod is hinged to each second patch. The other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to a second rotating rod. A second angle sensor is fixed in the connecting piece, and one end of the second rotating rod is rotatably connected to the second angle sensor.

[0009] Furthermore, a first rotating shaft is fixed to the end of the first rotating rod, and the first rotating shaft is connected to the first angle sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, a second angle sensor and a first angle sensor are fixed to the front and rear of the connecting piece, respectively. A hollow second rotating shaft is fixed to the end of the second rotating rod. The first rotating shaft rotatably passes through the second rotating shaft, the second angle sensor, and the connecting piece and is connected to the first angle sensor. The end of the second rotating rod is fixed to the second rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft is connected to the second angle sensor.

[0011] Furthermore, a guide bar is fixed to the front of the clamp body, and two vertical detection rods are provided in the guide bar, with multiple planar detectors distributed in the detection rods.

[0012] Furthermore, the two detection rods are slidably connected to the guide strip.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide bar is rotatably provided with two guide shafts, each guide shaft having threads, and the two guide shafts are respectively threaded to two detection rods.

[0014] Furthermore, the ends of each of the two guide shafts are connected to the first rotating shaft on the corresponding side via a set of bevel gears.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] In this invention, the displacement automatically compensated by the spring after the brake block wears is linearly amplified and converted into an angular change of the rotating shaft through a linkage-rotor mechanism. This change is then measured by a high-precision angle sensor. This transforms the task of "measuring thickness," which is difficult to perform due to limited space, into the easily achievable and highly accurate data of "measuring angle." As a result, online, real-time, digital, and high-precision direct measurement of brake wear is achieved. The data is objective and accurate, providing a reliable basis for scientific maintenance.

[0017] In this invention, two independent sets of angle sensors (upper and lower) can not only calculate the total wear amount but also accurately calculate the vertical wear amount, providing timely warnings of abnormal forces caused by installation tilt or guide rail perpendicularity deviation. An automatically tracking plane detector array continuously scans the side shape of the brake block, effectively identifying abnormal wear patterns that are easily missed by traditional methods, such as unilateral wear, surface grooves, and localized depressions.

[0018] By combining axial and radial data, the system can perform a three-dimensional assessment of the health status of the brake pads. For example, even if the total thickness meets the standard, the system will still issue an early warning if it detects severe uneven wear or grooves, thus achieving a true condition warning rather than a simple threshold alarm.

[0019] In this invention, the first rotating shaft for monitoring the displacement of the brake block is linked to the guide shaft for adjusting the position of the detection rod through a bevel gear set. As the brake block wears and moves inward, the detection rod will automatically move forward synchronously, always keeping the planar detector array at the optimal detection distance from the side of the brake block. This avoids the problem of sensor "missing the target" or signal attenuation caused by changes in the position of the brake block, ensuring the continuity and comparability of monitoring data throughout the entire life cycle of the brake block. No manual intervention is required, and the invention is highly intelligent. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an online monitoring and early warning system for wear of elevator safety clamps;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the clamp body;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the connecting piece;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the guide bar.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Clamp body; 2. Brake block; 3. First patch; 31. First connecting rod; 32. First rotating rod; 33. First rotating shaft; 34. First angle sensor; 4. Second patch; 41. Second connecting rod; 42. Second rotating rod; 43. Second rotating shaft; 44. Second angle sensor; 5. Connecting piece; 6. Guide bar; 61. Detection rod; 62. Guide shaft; 63. Bevel gear set; 64. Thread; 65. Plane detector. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Please see Figures 1-4 In this embodiment of the invention, an online monitoring and early warning system for wear of elevator safety clamps includes a clamp body 1. Two symmetrical brake blocks 2 are disposed in the clamp body 1. A spring is disposed between the brake blocks 2 and the clamp body 1. A first patch 3 is attached to one side of each brake block 2. A first connecting rod 31 is hinged to each first patch 3. A first rotating rod 32 is hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod 31. Connecting pieces 5 are fixed on both sides of the clamp body 1. A first angle sensor 34 is fixed in the connecting pieces 5. One end of the first rotating rod 32 is rotatably connected to the first angle sensor 34.

[0026] The guide rail is set between two brake blocks 2. When the brake blocks 2 wear, they move a certain distance in the direction of the guide rail under the action of the spring to compensate for the wear. This causes the first connecting rod 31 to move synchronously and the first rotating rod 32 to rotate. The first angle sensor 34 detects the change in the angle of the first rotating rod 32 and indirectly and accurately calculates the total wear. This can convert the thickness of the friction material, which is difficult to measure directly, into an angle change that is easy to measure accurately.

[0027] In this embodiment, the first patch 3 is located on the upper part of the brake block 2;

[0028] Each brake block 2 has a second patch 4 attached to its lower part. A second connecting rod 41 is hinged to each second patch 4. The other end of the second connecting rod 41 is hinged to a second rotating rod 42. A second angle sensor 44 is fixed in the connecting piece 5. One end of the second rotating rod 42 is rotatably connected to the second angle sensor 44.

[0029] Brake block 2 may wear unevenly. The first patch 3 and the second patch 4 can simultaneously monitor the wear of the upper and lower parts of brake block 2. Not only can the average wear amount be calculated, but also the uneven wear condition can be monitored, and abnormal wear caused by installation or guide rail problems can be warned, thus improving safety.

[0030] In this embodiment, a first rotating shaft 33 is fixed to the end of the first rotating rod 32, and the first rotating shaft 33 is connected to the first angle sensor 34.

[0031] The first angle sensor 34 monitors the wear degree of the brake block 2 by monitoring the rotation angle of the first rotating shaft 33.

[0032] In this embodiment, a second angle sensor 44 and a first angle sensor 34 are fixed to the front and rear of the connecting piece 5, respectively. A hollow second rotating shaft 43 is fixed to the end of the second rotating rod 42. The first rotating shaft 33 rotatably passes through the second rotating shaft 43, the second angle sensor 44 and the connecting piece 5 and is connected to the first angle sensor 34. The end of the second rotating rod 42 is fixed to the second rotating shaft 43, and the second rotating shaft 43 is connected to the second angle sensor 44.

[0033] In other words, the hollow second rotating shaft 43 enables the two concentric first angle sensors 34 and second angle sensors 44 to monitor the rotation angles of the first rotating shaft 33 and the second rotating shaft 43 respectively, thereby monitoring the wear degree of the upper and lower parts of the brake block 2 respectively.

[0034] In this embodiment, a guide bar 6 is fixed to the front of the clamp body 1, and two vertical detection rods 61 are provided in the guide bar 6. Multiple planar detectors 65 are distributed in the detection rods 61.

[0035] The planar detectors 65 distributed in the detection rod 61 can monitor the shape of the side of the brake block 2, thereby determining whether the left and right sides of the brake block are worn evenly, and can detect whether there are abnormal pits, grooves or wavy wear on the friction surface of the brake block. Combined with the first angle sensor 34 and the second angle sensor 44, the health status of the brake block 2 can be comprehensively evaluated.

[0036] In this embodiment, the two detection rods 61 are slidably connected to the guide strip 6.

[0037] In this embodiment, two guide shafts 62 are rotatably disposed in the guide bar 6. The guide shafts 62 are threaded with threads 64, and the two guide shafts 62 are respectively threaded to two detection rods 61.

[0038] By rotating the guide shaft 62, the position of the corresponding detection rod 61 can be changed, so that the guide bar 6 is aligned with the position of the brake block 2.

[0039] In this embodiment, the ends of the two guide shafts 62 are each connected to the first rotating shaft 33 on the corresponding side via a set of bevel gears 63.

[0040] In other words, when the first rotating shaft 33 changes its rotation angle, it will drive the corresponding guide shaft 6 to rotate through the bevel gear set 63 to synchronously adjust the position of the detection rod 61, so that the position of the detection rod 61 can be automatically and synchronously adjusted according to the position of the brake block 2.

[0041] In specific implementation, when the brake block 2 is in a brand new, unworn state, the system is initialized, and the readings of the first angle sensor 34 and the second angle sensor 44 are recorded and set as the initial angle. At the same time, the distance from each plane detector 65 to the side of the brake block 2 is recorded to form the reference profile of the initial flat side of the brake block. The system uses the position, angle reading, and profile data of the brake block at this time as the original reference for all subsequent wear calculations.

[0042] As the elevator operates and brakes safely, the brake block 2 gradually wears down. Under the action of the spring, the brake block 2 moves in the direction of the guide rail to compensate for the wear, and drives the first rotating shaft 33 and the second rotating shaft 43 to rotate through the linkage mechanism.

[0043] The first angle sensor 34 and the second angle sensor 44 monitor the rotation angle changes Δθ1 and Δθ2 of their respective shafts in real time and continuously.

[0044] The data processing unit, based on a preset geometric model, accurately converts the angular changes Δθ1 and Δθ2 into the actual wear thicknesses S1 and S2 of the upper and lower parts of the brake block. Average wear = (S1 + S2) / 2. Upper and lower wear deviation = |S1 - S2|;

[0045] The angle change of the first rotating shaft 33 will drive the guide shaft 62 to rotate through the bevel gear set 63. Since the guide shaft 62 is connected to the detection rod 61 by a thread 64, the detection rod 61 can adjust its front and rear positions synchronously and automatically with the displacement of the brake block 2, thereby ensuring that the plane detector 65 array is always aligned with the side of the brake block 2 and maintains the optimal monitoring position;

[0046] The side profile obtained by real-time scanning by the planar detector 65 is compared and analyzed with the reference profile at the time of initialization. This determines whether the brake block is worn evenly in the width direction and detects whether there are abnormal local depressions, grooves, or wavy wear.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online monitoring and early warning system for brake wear of an elevator safety gear, comprising a gear body (1), characterized in that, The tongs body (1) is provided with two symmetrical brake blocks (2), the brake blocks (2) and the tongs body (1) are provided with springs, one side of each brake block (2) is attached with a first patch (3), each first patch (3) is hinged with a first connecting rod (31), the other end of the first connecting rod (31) is hinged with a first rotating rod (32), the tongs body (1) is fixed with a connecting piece (5) on both sides, the connecting piece (5) is fixed with a first angle sensor (34), one end of the first rotating rod (32) is rotatably connected to the first angle sensor (34).

2. The elevator safety gear brake wear online monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first patch (3) is located on the upper part of the brake block (2); The lower part of each brake block (2) is attached with a second patch (4), each second patch (4) is hinged with a second connecting rod (41), the other end of the second connecting rod (41) is hinged with a second rotating rod (42), the connecting piece (5) is fixed with a second angle sensor (44), one end of the second rotating rod (42) is rotatably connected to the second angle sensor (44).

3. The elevator safety gear brake wear online monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first rotating rod (32) is fixed with a first rotating shaft (33) at the end, and the first rotating shaft (33) is connected to the first angle sensor (34).

4. The elevator safety gear brake wear online monitoring and early warning system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting piece (5) is fixed with a second angle sensor (44) and a first angle sensor (34) on the front and back respectively, the second rotating rod (42) is fixed with a hollow second rotating shaft (43) at the end, the first rotating shaft (33) is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft (43), the second angle sensor (44) and the connecting piece (5) to the first angle sensor (34), the second rotating rod (42) is fixed to the second rotating shaft (43) at the end, and the second rotating shaft (43) is connected to the second angle sensor (44).

5. The elevator safety gear brake wear online monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tongs body (1) is fixed with a guide bar (6) in front, the guide bar (6) is provided with two vertical detection rods (61), and the detection rods (61) are distributed with a plurality of plane detectors (65).

6. The elevator safety gear brake wear online monitoring and early warning system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Two detection rods (61) are slidably connected with the guide bar (6).

7. The elevator safety gear brake wear online monitoring and early warning system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide bar (6) is rotatably provided with two guide shafts (62), the guide shafts (62) are provided with threads (64), and the two guide shafts (62) are threadedly connected with the two detection rods (61) respectively.

8. The elevator safety gear brake wear online monitoring and early warning system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two guide shafts (62) are connected to the corresponding first rotating shaft (33) on one side through a group of bevel gear sets (63) at the ends.

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