Coal gasification fine slag incineration system

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal gasification fine slag incineration system which comprises a sorting device, a first drying device, a conveying device, a granulating device and an incineration device. Wherein the sorting device is used for separating the gas refining slag into a first material and a second material, and the carbon content of the first material is larger than that of the second material; the first drying device is used for drying a first material, and the first drying device is communicated with the black water tank; the conveying device is used for conveying the dried first material; the granulating device is used for treating the dried first material and obtaining a granular material; the incineration device is used for incinerating particle materials. According to the coal gasification fine slag incineration system, due to the fact that the first material is sorted out and incinerated, the heat value of the material entering the incineration device can be increased; the first material forms a particle material and enters the incineration device, so that the retention time of the material in the incineration device can be prolonged. Therefore, the combustion efficiency and the burn-off rate of the coal gasification fine slag can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of coal gasification slag incineration technology, and more specifically, to a coal gasification fine slag incineration system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the coal chemical industry, large-scale fluidized bed coal gasification technology has been widely applied, resulting in a large amount of coal gasification slag. Coal gasification slag mainly includes coarse slag and fine slag. It has a high moisture content, high fixed carbon content, high proportion of fine particles, low volatile matter content, and is difficult to burn, making it a difficult-to-burn and difficult-to-treat industrial solid waste.

[0003] Large-scale coal gasification technology is a core technology for the clean and efficient utilization of coal. Entrained flow gasification technology is widely used due to its advantages such as high pressure, large processing capacity, and high conversion efficiency. During the gasification process, two types of solid waste are generated: coarse coal gasification slag and fine coal gasification slag.

[0004] The dehydrated coal gasification slag can be mixed with fuel coal, and the mixture is then fed into a circulating fluidized bed boiler or pulverized coal boiler for co-firing.

[0005] However, due to its low calorific value, the fine slag from coal gasification has a short residence time in the furnace, resulting in low combustion efficiency and low burnout rate.

[0006] In conclusion, how to improve the combustion efficiency and burnout rate of coal gasification slag is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a coal gasification fine slag incineration system to improve the combustion efficiency and burnout rate of coal gasification fine slag.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A coal gasification fine slag incineration system includes: a sorting device, a first drying device, a conveying device, a granulation device, and an incineration device;

[0010] The sorting device has a coal gasification fine slag inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet. The sorting device is used to separate the coal gasification fine slag into a first material and a second material. The carbon content of the first material is greater than that of the second material. The first outlet is used to discharge the first material and the second outlet is used to discharge the second material.

[0011] The first drying device has a first drying inlet, a first drying outlet and a first drying water outlet. The first drying inlet and the first outlet are connected. The first drying device is used to dry the first material. The first drying water outlet and the coal gasification fine slag inlet are both connected to the black water pool.

[0012] The conveying device is connected to the first drying outlet and the feed inlet of the granulation device, and the conveying device is used to convey the first material after drying.

[0013] The granulation device is used to process the dried first material and obtain granular material;

[0014] The discharge port of the granulation device is connected to the inlet of the incineration device, which is used to incinerate the granular material.

[0015] In some possible embodiments, the moisture content of the dried first material ranges from 25% to 50%.

[0016] In some possible embodiments, the granulation device includes:

[0017] The housing has an extrusion chamber and a feed inlet communicating with the extrusion chamber;

[0018] A screw feeder extrusion mechanism is disposed within the extrusion chamber;

[0019] A driving component that drives the screw feeder extrusion mechanism to rotate about its axis;

[0020] Granulating orifice plate, the granulating orifice plate is disposed in the extrusion chamber, the granulating orifice plate is located at one end of the screw feeding extrusion mechanism along its axial direction, and the granulating orifice plate is provided with through holes;

[0021] A conveying pipe, the outlet of which is the discharge port, and the conveying pipe connects the extrusion chamber and the inlet of the incineration device;

[0022] A material-spreading duct, which is connected to the conveying pipe;

[0023] A moisture content detector is used to detect the moisture content of the first material after drying. The moisture content detector is located upstream of the feed inlet or at the feed inlet.

[0024] In some possible embodiments, the granulation plate is detachably disposed within the extrusion chamber;

[0025] And / or, the diameter of the through holes on the granulated perforated plate ranges from 0.5 mm to 20 mm.

[0026] In some possible embodiments, the granulation device further includes a return device and a screening device, and the housing is also provided with a fine powder chamber;

[0027] The screening device is located on the particle outlet side of the granulation plate and is used to separate fine powder from the granular material. The fine powder chamber is connected to the fine powder channel of the screening device, and the return material device is connected to the fine powder chamber and the feed inlet. The return material device is used to transport the fine powder in the fine powder chamber to the feed inlet.

[0028] In some possible embodiments, the screening device includes a first screening component and a second screening component;

[0029] The first screening component comprises multiple components and is spaced apart along a first direction; the gap between two adjacent first screening components forms the fine powder channel;

[0030] Multiple first screening components are connected via second screening components;

[0031] The first screening component is arranged at an angle in the vertical direction. The first screening component has a first end and a second end in the vertical direction. The first end is closer to the granulation plate than the second end, and the first end is higher than the second end. The first screening component is used to guide the particulate material to fall.

[0032] In some possible embodiments, the angle between the first screening member and the horizontal direction is greater than 45°;

[0033] And / or, there are at least two second screening components, and the at least two second screening components are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the first screening component, and the length direction of the second screening components is perpendicular to the length direction of the first screening component, or the length direction of the second screening components and the length direction of the first screening component are arranged at an angle.

[0034] In some possible embodiments, the housing is further provided with at least one of a spraying device and a first film injection device;

[0035] The spraying device is used to spray water onto the first material in the extrusion chamber; the first film injection device is used to inject water into the extrusion chamber so that a water film is formed between the inner wall of the extrusion chamber and the first material.

[0036] In some possible embodiments, the housing is also provided with the spraying device;

[0037] The granulation device further includes:

[0038] A fine powder flow meter, used to detect the mass flow rate of fine powder in the return material device;

[0039] A first material flow meter is used to detect the mass flow rate of a first material in the conveying device; the ratio of the mass flow rate of the fine powder to the mass flow rate of the first material is the fine powder ratio.

[0040] A current sensor is used to detect the current of the motor, wherein the driving component is a motor.

[0041] The first controller is electrically connected to the fine powder flow meter, the first material flow meter, the current sensor, and the spraying device. When the current is within a set current range and / or when the fine powder ratio is within a set ratio range, the first controller controls the spraying volume of the spraying device to remain constant. When the current exceeds the upper limit of the set current range and / or when the fine powder ratio exceeds the upper limit of the set ratio range, the first controller controls the spraying volume of the spraying device to increase. When the fine powder ratio is less than the lower limit of the set ratio range, the first controller controls the spraying volume of the spraying device to decrease.

[0042] In some possible embodiments, the first membrane injection device includes an inlet pipe, a first membrane injection chamber, a second membrane injection chamber, a connecting channel, and a membrane injection channel;

[0043] The water inlet pipe, the first injection chamber, the connecting channel, the second injection chamber, the injection channel, and the extrusion chamber are connected in sequence. The second injection chamber and the injection channel are both annular and located on the periphery of the extrusion chamber.

[0044] The injection channel and the first material are inclinedly distributed in the flow direction, and the inlet and outlet ends of the injection channel are distributed along the flow direction; the cross-sectional area of ​​the injection channel gradually decreases along the flow direction.

[0045] In some possible embodiments, the conveying pipe includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section, the second pipe section being connected to the extrusion chamber through the first pipe section, the first pipe section extending vertically, and the second pipe section and the first pipe section being inclinedly distributed; the material feeding duct is connected to the second pipe section, and the material feeding duct is inclinedly arranged in the vertical direction;

[0046] And / or, the air velocity of the material-spreading air in the material-spreading duct is in the range of 30~80 m / s;

[0047] And / or, the incineration device is the furnace of a fluidized bed boiler, and the coal gasification fine slag incineration system further includes: an air volume regulating valve, a temperature sensor, and an acquisition unit. The air volume regulating valve is connected in series with the feeding duct. The temperature sensor is used to detect the bed temperature in the furnace. There are at least two temperature sensors. The air volume regulating valve and the temperature sensor are both electrically connected to the acquisition unit. The acquisition unit is used to acquire the difference between the detected values ​​of any two temperature sensors and the maximum value among all the differences. When the maximum value is within the difference setting range, the opening of the air volume regulating valve remains unchanged. When the maximum value is greater than the upper limit of the difference setting range, the opening of the air volume regulating valve increases.

[0048] And / or, the included angle between the axial and horizontal directions of the material distribution duct is 30°~60°.

[0049] In some possible embodiments, the incineration device is the furnace of a fluidized bed boiler, and the granulation device is used to feed the particulate material into the dense phase zone of the furnace.

[0050] In some possible embodiments, the moisture content of the first material after drying is not less than 50%, the conveying device includes a conveying pump and a conveying pipeline, the conveying pipeline is provided with a second film injection device, the second film injection device is used to form a water film between the inner wall of the conveying pipeline and the first material;

[0051] The moisture content of the first material after drying is less than 50%. The conveying device includes a belt conveyor, a silo, and a screw feeder. The first drying outlet is connected to the silo, and the screw feeder is connected to the outlet of the silo. The screw feeder is used to convey the first material in the silo to the belt conveyor, and the belt conveyor is used to convey the first material to the granulation device.

[0052] In some possible embodiments, the coal gasification fine slag incineration system further includes:

[0053] A pressure detector is disposed on the delivery pump and is used to detect the outlet pressure of the delivery pump;

[0054] The second controller is electrically connected to both the pressure detector and the second film injection device; when the outlet pressure is not less than 2 MPa, the second controller is used to control the second film injection device to start.

[0055] In some possible embodiments, the coal gasification fine slag incineration system further includes a second drying device, the inlet of which is connected to the second outlet, and the second drying device is used to dry the second material;

[0056] The second drying device also has a second drying outlet, which is used to connect with the black water pool.

[0057] In the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in this application, the coal gasification fine slag is separated into a first material and a second material by a sorting device. The carbon content of the first material is greater than that of the second material. The first material is dried by a first drying device, and a granulation device forms granules from the dried first material. The incineration device then incinerates the granules. By separating and incinerating the first material, the calorific value of the material entering the incineration device can be increased. Furthermore, the formation of granules from the first material before entering the incineration device extends the residence time of the material within the incineration device. Therefore, the combustion efficiency and burnout rate of the coal gasification fine slag can be improved, as can the combustion stability of the coal gasification fine slag, which is beneficial for the co-firing or separate combustion of the coal gasification fine slag. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0059] Figure 1a A schematic diagram of a coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 1b Another structural schematic diagram of the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0061] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the granulation device in the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the granulation orifice plate of the granulation device in the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0063] Figure 4a This is a front view of the screening device of the granulation unit in the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0064] Figure 4b This is a side view of the screening device of the granulation unit in the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0065] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first membrane injection device of the granulation unit in the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0066] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle;

[0067] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a conveying device in a coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shown illustrates the structure of the delivery pipeline equipped with a second film injection device.

[0069] Figure 9 This is another schematic diagram of the conveying device in the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0070] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0071] 1-Granulation device, 101-Shell, 1011-Inlet, 1012-Extrusion chamber, 1013-Fine powder chamber, 102-Screw feeding extrusion mechanism, 103-Drive component, 104-Granulation orifice plate, 1041-Through hole, 1042-Mounting hole, 105-Conveying pipe, 1051-First pipe section, 1052-Second pipe section, 10521-Outlet, 106-Distribution air duct, 107-Moisture content detector, 108-Sieve Sub-device, 1081-Fine powder channel, 1082-First screening component, 10821-First end, 10822-Second end, 1083-Second screening component, 109-Returning material device, 110-Spraying device, 111-First membrane injection device, 11101-Water inlet pipe, 11102-First membrane injection chamber, 11103-Connecting channel, 11104-Second membrane injection chamber, 11105-Membrane injection channel, 112-Fine powder flow meter;

[0072] 2-Incineration device, 2a-Furnace;

[0073] 3-Separator;

[0074] 4-Blackwater Pool;

[0075] 5 - Sorting device; 501 - Coal gasification fine slag inlet; 502 - First outlet; 503 - Second outlet;

[0076] 6-First drying unit, 601-First drying inlet, 602-First drying outlet, 603-First drying outlet;

[0077] 7-Conveying device, 701-Conveying pipeline, 702-Conveying pump, 703-Hopper, 704-Screw feeder, 705-Belt conveyor;

[0078] 8-Second drying unit;

[0079] 9-First material area;

[0080] 10-Water film;

[0081] 11-Airflow regulating valve;

[0082] 12-Temperature sensor;

[0083] 13-Second membrane injection device. Detailed Implementation

[0084] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0085] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more,” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that in the embodiments of this application, “one or more” means one, two, or more; “and / or” describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist; for example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character “ / ” generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an “or” relationship.

[0086] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0087] The "multiple" mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to two or more. It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying order.

[0088] The terms "parallel" and "perpendicular" used in this application refer to "basically parallel" and "basically perpendicular" in practical operation. "Basically parallel" can be understood as parallelism with a certain degree of error, and similarly, "basically perpendicular" can be understood as perpendicularity with a certain degree of error.

[0089] like Figure 1a As shown, the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in this application embodiment includes: a sorting device 5, a first drying device 6, a conveying device 7, a granulation device 1, and an incineration device 2.

[0090] The sorting device 5 has a coal gasification fine slag inlet 501, a first outlet 502 and a second outlet 503. The sorting device 5 is used to separate the coal gasification fine slag into a first material and a second material. The carbon content of the first material is greater than that of the second material. The first outlet 502 is used to discharge the first material and the second outlet 503 is used to discharge the second material.

[0091] The coal gasification slag can come from the black water tank 4, and the coal gasification slag inlet 501 can be used to connect to the black water tank 4. The moisture content of the material in the black water tank 4 can range from 80% to 95%.

[0092] It should be noted that the coal gasification fine slag incineration system may include black water pool 4, or the coal gasification fine slag incineration system may not include black water pool 4.

[0093] For example, the carbon content of the first material is greater than 8%, and the carbon content of the second material is not greater than 8%, for example, the carbon content of the second material is less than 5%. The first material can be a carbon-rich material with high fixed carbon content and low ash content, and the second material can be an ash-rich material with low fixed carbon content and high ash content. Both the first material and the second material can be filter cakes.

[0094] The sorting device 5 can be a gravity sorting device, an eddy current sorting device, or other types. This application embodiment does not limit the type of sorting device.

[0095] The subsequent drying, granulation, and incineration of the first material can increase the calorific value of the coal gasification slag. Separating the second material can also reduce the amount of coal gasification slag entering the incineration unit, thereby reducing wear on the entire system and the amount of flue gas produced by the coal gasification slag incineration system.

[0096] The first drying device 6 has a first drying inlet 601, a first drying outlet 602 and a first drying outlet 603. The first drying inlet 601 and the first outlet 602 are connected. The first drying device 6 is used to dry the first material. The first drying outlet 603 is used to connect with the black water pool 4.

[0097] The first drying device 6 can reduce the moisture content of the first material to 25%~65%, forming a material with a specific viscosity. For example, the dried first material can be a slurry with a moisture content of 25%~65%. It is understood that the moisture content range of the dried first material can be 25%~65%.

[0098] In some embodiments, the moisture content of the dried first material can be in the range of 25% to 50%. This reduces the moisture content of the first material, significantly increases the calorific value of the material fed into the furnace, and thus increases the blending ratio of coal gasification slag.

[0099] The first drying device 6 can be a filter press or other dewatering device. For example, the first drying device 6 can be a plate and frame filter press. The embodiments of this application do not limit the type of the first drying device 6.

[0100] The conveying device 7 connects the first drying outlet 602 and the feed inlet 1011 of the granulation device 1. The conveying device 7 is used to convey the dried first material. It can be understood that the conveying device 7 is used to convey the dried first material from the first drying device 6 to the granulation device 1.

[0101] Granulation device 1 is used to process the dried first material and obtain granular material. It can be understood that granulation device 1 is used to form granular material from the dried first material.

[0102] The particles in the granular material have a certain mechanical strength and particle size. In order to improve the mechanical strength and increase the particle size, the moisture content of the first material after drying can be in the range of 25% to 50%. Since the mechanical strength and particle size can be improved, it is beneficial to the transportation and storage of the granular material, and the granular material can be temporarily not sent into the incineration unit 2 for incineration.

[0103] The discharge port 10521 of the granulation device 1 is connected to the inlet of the incineration device 2, which is used to incinerate granular materials.

[0104] In the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in this application embodiment, the coal gasification fine slag is separated into a first material and a second material by a sorting device 5. The carbon content of the first material is greater than that of the second material. The first material is dried by a first drying device 6, and the dried first material is granulated by a granulation device 1. The granular material is then incinerated by an incineration device 2. Because the first material is sorted out and incinerated, the calorific value of the material entering the incineration device 2 can be increased; the formation of granular material from the first material and its entry into the incineration device 2 can prolong the residence time of the material within the incineration device 2. Therefore, the combustion efficiency and burnout rate of the coal gasification fine slag can be improved, as can the combustion stability of the coal gasification fine slag, which is beneficial for the co-firing or separate combustion of the coal gasification fine slag.

[0105] It should be noted that both the granulation and sorting methods described above can improve the blending ratio.

[0106] In the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in this application embodiment, the particulate material contains a certain amount of moisture. Under the condition that the temperature in the incineration device 2 is not less than 800°C, the moisture reacts with carbon to produce CO and H2. This reaction is an endothermic reaction. The generated CO and H2 are both combustible gases. The CO and H2 are further combusted and released heat in the incineration device 2 to produce CO2 and H2O. In this way, the moisture in the particulate material can be fully utilized, and the reaction of the moisture in the incineration device 2 is beneficial to the combustion of the particulate material.

[0107] It should be noted that for coal gasification fine slag with "ash shell enveloping carbon core", moisture can penetrate to the surface of carbon core, break the ash shell barrier, and convert the solid-gas heterogeneous reaction part into gas-gas homogeneous reaction, significantly improving the reaction rate and burnout rate, which can promote carbon core combustion and solve the problem of difficult combustion of "ash shell enveloping carbon".

[0108] In the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in this application embodiment, the first drying outlet 603 of the first drying device 6 is connected to the black water pool 4. In this way, the water generated during the drying of the first material can flow back to the black water pool 4, which can realize water recycling, save water consumption of power plants or other factories, reduce the probability of factories exceeding water consumption standards, and is conducive to the continuous and stable production of factories; it can also reduce water costs.

[0109] The coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in this application embodiment can be a closed system. For example, the sorting device 5, the first drying device 6, the conveying device 7, the granulation device 1, and the communication structure between adjacent devices all adopt a fully enclosed structure. For example, the sorting device 5 and the first drying device 6 can be connected by pipelines, and the first drying device 6 and the conveying device 7 can be connected by pipelines. This reduces the amount and probability of dust spillage, and also reduces the environmental impact of the gases released by the material, thus improving the environmental performance of the coal gasification fine slag incineration system.

[0110] In the coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in this application embodiment, the conveying device transports the dried first material to the granulation device 1. The granulated material formed by the granulation device 1 enters the incineration device 2, which can realize the isolation between the dried first material and the fuel coal before entering the incineration device, which is beneficial to the material transportation.

[0111] When the calorific value of the particulate material is not less than 1200 kcal / kg, the incineration unit 2 can achieve self-sustaining combustion without the need to add coal or natural gas as combustion aid.

[0112] like Figure 1a As shown, in some embodiments, the incineration device 2 can be the furnace 2a of a fluidized bed boiler, and the granulation device 1 is used to deliver the particulate material to the dense phase zone of the furnace 2a. It should be noted that the dense phase zone, also known as the "bed," refers to the lower part of the furnace 2a, which is composed of a large number of solid particles with a very high particle concentration. In the dense phase zone, the airflow velocity is lower than the terminal velocity of the solid particles, and the particles form a boiling-like, violently churning "fluidized bed" above the air distribution plate.

[0113] After the granular material is spread into the dense phase zone, it mixes rapidly with the material in the dense phase zone and flows to other areas of the furnace along with the material in the dense phase zone, so as to achieve uniform distribution and combustion of coal gasification fine slag in the furnace and uniform temperature distribution in the dense phase zone.

[0114] In the above embodiments, particulate material and raw coal can be co-fired in the furnace 2a of the fluidized bed boiler. Since the sorting device 5 separates the first material, the calorific value of the coal gasification fine slag can be increased, thus increasing the blending ratio of the coal gasification fine slag. Moreover, sending the particulate material to the dense phase zone of the furnace 2a can reduce the probability and degree of material accumulation at the nozzle, which is conducive to the uniform spreading of the material to the dense phase zone. The particulate material can prolong the residence time of the coal gasification fine slag in the furnace 2a, thereby increasing the blending ratio, for example, the blending ratio can be increased to more than 50%.

[0115] As mentioned above, the particulate material is fed into the dense phase zone of furnace 2a. For example, the particulate material can be fed into the dense phase zone of furnace 2a through the front wall, rear wall, left wall, or right wall of furnace 2a. Figure 1aAs shown, particulate material can be fed from the front wall of furnace 2a to the dense phase zone of furnace 2a; as Figure 1b As shown, the particulate material can be fed into the dense phase zone of the furnace 2a through the side wall (left wall or right wall).

[0116] It should be noted that the front wall, rear wall, left wall, and right wall of the furnace 2a are all parallel to the vertical direction. Alternatively, at least one of the front wall, rear wall, left wall, and right wall of the furnace 2a may be inclined relative to the vertical direction.

[0117] The particle size of the particulate material spread into the dense phase zone is larger than that of the coal (fuel coal) fed into the furnace. The particle size of the particulate material spread into the dense phase zone can be designed according to actual needs.

[0118] In an embodiment where the incineration device 2 is a fluidized bed boiler furnace 2a, the granulation device 1 is used to feed particulate material to the top of the furnace 2a. It is understood that the furnace top is the top of the furnace 2a in the vertical direction.

[0119] The outlet of furnace 2a is also connected to separator 3, which is used to separate solid particles (ash particles, unburned fuel particles, bed material, etc.) entrained in flue gas and send these solid materials back to furnace 2a.

[0120] In the above embodiments, the incineration device 2 can be an existing device or a newly built device. For example, in an embodiment where the incineration device 2 is the furnace 2a of a fluidized bed boiler, the furnace 2a of the fluidized bed boiler can be an existing furnace or a newly built furnace. Compared with a newly built furnace, an existing furnace can reduce investment costs.

[0121] To accommodate the differences in particle size, density, and reaction characteristics between particulate materials and conventional fuels (such as raw coal), the dense phase region of furnace 2a can be fluidized and reconstructed.

[0122] Fluidization reconfiguration refers to adjusting the structural and / or operating parameters of a fluidized bed system to match its fluid dynamics with the physicochemical properties of particulate matter, thereby optimizing the fluidization state, mixing effect, and residence time of particulate matter in the dense phase region, and ultimately improving the combustion rate and burnout rate of particulate matter.

[0123] In some embodiments, fluidization reconfiguration may include at least one of the following adjustments:

[0124] The first method is to adjust the structural parameters of the furnace 2a: the cross-sectional area of ​​the dense phase region of the furnace 2a can be adjusted, the cross-sectional area can be increased to reduce the fluidization velocity, or it can be designed into a configuration that is conducive to the internal circulation of particles; the structure of the air distribution plate in the furnace 2a can also be optimized, such as adjusting the opening ratio, aperture and arrangement of the air caps to form more uniform initial fluidization conditions.

[0125] The second method is to adjust the characteristics of the bed material: the particle size distribution, density and stock (i.e., operating bed pressure) of the bed material (such as sand, ash and slag) in the dense phase zone can be adjusted to make it compatible with the particle size and density of the granular material, promote the mixing and heat transfer between particles, and prevent the granular material from being carried out of the furnace too quickly.

[0126] The third method is to adjust the operating parameters: the fluidizing velocity of the primary air at the bottom of the furnace 2a can be adjusted to ensure that the fluidizing velocity is within the optimal range that can ensure sufficient fluidization of the bed material and allow the particulate material to have a reasonable residence time in the dense phase zone; correspondingly, the secondary air ratio can also be adjusted to optimize the combustion atmosphere.

[0127] The fourth method is monitoring and dynamic adjustment: By setting multiple temperature sensors 12 or pressure sensors at different locations in the dense phase zone of the furnace 2a, the fluidization uniformity and combustion stability are monitored. Based on the monitoring data (such as bed temperature distribution and pressure fluctuations), the primary air volume, air temperature, or feed rate are dynamically adjusted to achieve adaptive optimization of fluidization.

[0128] Through the above-mentioned fluidization reconstruction, the problems of insufficient fluidization, uneven distribution, or insufficient residence time that may be caused by the large difference between the particle size of particulate material and the particle size of raw coal and the density variation can be overcome. This enables the high-temperature bed material and particulate material to be mixed rapidly and uniformly, enhances heat and mass transfer, and thus significantly improves the combustion efficiency, burnout rate and system stability of coal gasification fine slag.

[0129] In some embodiments, the coal gasification fine slag incineration system further includes a second drying device 8, with its inlet and second outlet 503 connected. The second drying device 8 is used to dry a second material. To facilitate water recovery, the second drying device 8 has a second drying outlet, which is connected to the black water tank 4. This increases the amount of water recovered, further saving water and reducing water costs.

[0130] The type of the second drying device 8 can be referred to the first drying device 6, and will not be described again here.

[0131] In the above embodiments, the moisture content of the dried second material can be no more than 40%, and it can be used as fly ash or as a building material. Thus, by separating the coal gasification slag using the sorting device 5, the first and second materials can be utilized as resources respectively.

[0132] As mentioned earlier, the moisture content of the first material after drying can range from 25% to 50%. Based on this, if... Figure 2 As shown, the granulation device 1 may include: a housing 101, a screw feeding and extrusion mechanism 102, a drive component 103, a granulation orifice plate 104, a conveying pipe 105, a feeding air duct 106, and a moisture content detector 107.

[0133] The housing 101 is provided with an extrusion chamber 1012 and a feed inlet 1011, and the feed inlet 1011 is connected to the extrusion chamber 1012. The conveying device 7 mentioned above is connected to the feed inlet 1011.

[0134] The screw feeding extrusion mechanism 102 is disposed within the extrusion chamber 1012. The screw feeding extrusion mechanism 102 includes a screw shaft with screw blades. One end of the screw shaft and the screw blades are located within the extrusion chamber 1012, while the other end of the screw shaft is located outside the extrusion chamber 1012.

[0135] The screw feeder extrusion mechanism 102 adopts a screw structure, which can achieve uniform feeding and strong extrusion, which is conducive to the formation of granules from the first material. The screw feeder extrusion mechanism 102 can be a biaxial reverse screw structure, which can improve the granulation output; or, the screw feeder extrusion mechanism 102 can also be a single-shaft structure.

[0136] The drive component 103 drives the screw feeding extrusion mechanism 102 to rotate around its axis. As described above, the screw feeding extrusion mechanism 102 includes a screw shaft, and the drive component 103 drives the screw shaft to rotate around its axis. The drive component 103 is located outside the extrusion chamber 1012, and the end of the screw shaft located outside the extrusion chamber 1012 is connected to the drive component 103 in a transmission connection.

[0137] A granulating orifice plate 104 is disposed within the extrusion chamber 1012, and the granulating orifice plate 104 may be located at the outlet of the extrusion chamber 1012. The granulating orifice plate 104 may be located at one end of the screw feed extrusion mechanism 102 along its axial direction, and the granulating orifice plate 104 and the screw shaft may be rotated to fit together, or there may be a gap between the granulating orifice plate 104 and the screw shaft along the axial direction of the screw shaft. For example, as... Figure 3 As shown, the granulation plate 104 is provided with mounting holes 1042, and the spiral shaft is rotatably disposed in the mounting holes 1042.

[0138] The drive component 103 is located at one end of the screw feeder extrusion mechanism 102 in the axial direction, and the granulation orifice plate 104 is located at the other end of the screw feeder extrusion mechanism 102 in the axial direction.

[0139] like Figure 3 As shown, the granulation plate 104 is provided with a through hole 1041. The first material in the extrusion chamber 1012 is discharged through the through hole 1041 to form granular material.

[0140] The size of the through-hole 1041 affects the particle size of the granular material, and the size of the through-hole 1041 can be selected according to the required particle size. The through-hole 1041 can be circular, square, or other shapes. To facilitate the formation of granular material, the through-hole 1041 can be circular.

[0141] The outlet of the conveying pipe 105 is the discharge port 10521, and the conveying pipe 105 connects the extrusion chamber 1012 and the inlet of the incineration device 2. It can be understood that the conveying pipe 105 connects the outlet of the extrusion chamber 1012 and the inlet of the incineration device 2.

[0142] The feeding duct 106 is connected to the conveying pipe 105. The feeding duct 106 is used to supply feeding air into the conveying pipe 105 so that the feeding air conveys and diffuses the particulate material into the incineration unit 2. The feeding air entering the feeding duct 106 may include air, which may be taken from the coal feeding air header of the boiler. For example, the feeding air velocity in the feeding duct 106 is in the range of 30~80 m / s.

[0143] Moisture content detector 107 is used to detect the moisture content of the dried first material. The moisture content detector 107 is located upstream of the feed inlet 1011. If the moisture content of the dried first material is less than 25% or greater than 50%, the dried first material is stopped from entering the extrusion chamber 1012. For example, the conveying device 7 stops conveying the dried first material.

[0144] For example, the moisture content detector 107 may be provided at the conveying device 7. Alternatively, the moisture content detector 107 may be provided at the feed inlet 1011.

[0145] In the granulation device 1 described above, the dried first material enters the extrusion chamber 1012 through the feed inlet 1011 and is pressed into the granulation orifice plate 104 under the thrust of the screw feeding extrusion mechanism 102. After the first material is extruded through the through hole 1041, it can form granular material. The granular material can be columnar particles, and the diameter of the columnar particles can be in the range of 0.5~20mm, and the length of the columnar particles can be in the range of 3~100mm. The granular material enters the conveying pipe 105, and the feeding air pipe 106 introduces high-speed airflow. Under the action of the high-speed airflow, the granular material enters the incineration device 2.

[0146] The granulation device 1 described above is applicable to the first material with a moisture content of 25%-50%, which can ensure that the granular material has a certain mechanical strength and a large particle size; moreover, the granulation device 1 described above can granulate continuously, which can improve the granulation efficiency.

[0147] In the granulation device 1 described above, the granulation orifice plate 104 is detachably disposed within the extrusion chamber 1012. For example, the granulation orifice plate 104 can be detachably disposed within the extrusion chamber 1012 via threaded fasteners or a snap-fit ​​structure. This facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the granulation orifice plate 104, allowing for flexible adjustment of the particle diameter by replacing granulation orifice plates 104 with different through holes 1041 to adapt to boilers with different subsequent fluidizing velocities. It can also adapt to coal gasification slag with different particle sizes, carbon contents, and combustion characteristics.

[0148] During the adjustment process, the diameter of the through hole 1041 on the granulation plate 104 can range from 0.5 mm to 20 mm.

[0149] During the granulation process, there is a situation where the granulation of the first material is poor, especially the first material with low moisture content. This results in the presence of fine powder in the granular material. The particle size of the fine powder is smaller than that of the granules; for example, the particle size of the fine powder is less than 0.5 mm, and further, less than 0.1 mm. The particle size of the fine powder affects the residence time of the granular material in the incineration unit 2. Based on this, if... Figure 2 As shown, the granulation device 1 also includes a return device 109 and a screening device 108, and the shell 101 is also provided with a fine powder chamber 1013.

[0150] The screening device 108 is located on the particle discharge side of the granulation orifice plate 104. It should be noted that the particle discharge side of the granulation orifice plate 104 refers to the side of the granulation orifice plate 104 away from the screw feed extrusion mechanism 102 along the axial direction of the screw feed extrusion mechanism 102.

[0151] The screening device 108 is used to separate fine powder from particulate materials. It is understood that the screening device 108 has a fine powder channel 1081, and a fine powder chamber 1013 is connected to the fine powder channel 1081. Fine powder from the particulate materials enters the fine powder chamber 1013 through the fine powder channel 1081. It is understood that the diameter of the fine powder channel 1081 is smaller than the particle size to prevent particles from entering the fine powder chamber 1013 through the fine powder channel 1081.

[0152] The return device 109 connects the fine powder chamber 1013 and the feed inlet 1011. The return device 109 is used to transport the fine powder in the fine powder chamber 1013 to the feed inlet 1011.

[0153] In the granulation device 1 described above, the return device 109 and the screening device 108 can recover fine powder. After mixing the fine powder with the dried first material, granulation can be carried out, which can improve the granulation success rate of the first material, reduce the amount of fine powder entering the incineration device 2, and help extend the residence time of the material in the incineration device 2. In the coal gasification fine slag incineration system described above, the coupling of the material granulation, screening and return, and feeding integrated system with the circulating fluidized bed incineration can be realized, which can improve the co-firing ratio of coal gasification fine slag.

[0154] The inventors discovered that when the moisture content of the first material is less than 35%, the lower the moisture content, the higher the proportion of fine powder in the granular material. For example, the proportion of fine powder can reach 10% to 35%. In this case, a return material device 109 and a screening device 108 can be configured, or the return material device 109 can be activated. When the moisture content of the first material is greater than or equal to 35%, the granulation effect of the first material is better, and the proportion of fine powder is lower. In this case, the return material device 109 and the screening device 108 can be eliminated, or the return material device 109 can be deactivated.

[0155] The carbon content of the coal fine slag obtained from different manufacturers varies, and the moisture content of the first material after drying also varies. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system provided in this application embodiment can be applied to the first material with different moisture contents, thus it can be applied to different manufacturers and improve the versatility of the coal gasification fine slag incineration system.

[0156] like Figure 4a and Figure 4b As shown, in some embodiments, the screening device 108 includes a first screening component 1082 and a second screening component 1083.

[0157] There are multiple first screening components 1082, which are spaced apart along the first direction; the gap between two adjacent first screening components 1082 forms a fine powder channel 1081; the multiple first screening components 1082 are connected by second screening components 1083; the first screening components 1082 are arranged inclined in the vertical direction, and the first screening component 1082 has a first end 10821 and a second end 10822 in the vertical direction. The first end 10821 is closer to the granulation plate 104 than the second end 10822, and the first end 10821 is higher than the second end 10822. The first screening component 1082 is used to guide the particulate material to fall.

[0158] It should be noted that the first direction is parallel to the horizontal direction and the first direction is perpendicular to the vertical direction.

[0159] In the above embodiments, the particulate material moves along the first screening component 1082 under the action of gravity. During the movement, the fine powder in the particulate material can enter the fine powder chamber 1013 through the fine powder channel 1081 under the action of gravity, which can realize the collection of fine powder. In the above embodiments, the first screening component 1082 screens the fine powder by gravity, which can simplify the screening device 108.

[0160] In the above embodiments, the angle between the first screening component 1082 and the horizontal direction can be greater than 45°. The particulate material naturally rolls through the first screening component 1082, which accelerates the movement speed of the particulate material along the first screening component 1082 and reduces the probability of particulate material accumulating on the first screening component 1082.

[0161] For example, the angle between the first screening member 1082 and the horizontal direction can be 50°, 60°, or 65°, etc. It should be noted that the angle between the first screening member 1082 and the horizontal direction is less than 90°.

[0162] In some other embodiments, the angle between the first screening member 1082 and the horizontal direction may also be 45° or less.

[0163] The specific number of the first screening component 1082 can be selected according to the actual situation, and this application embodiment does not limit it.

[0164] To facilitate the movement of particulate material along the first screening component 1082, the first screening component 1082 can be a circular tube or a cylinder. To facilitate the screening of fine powder, the diameters of any two first screening components 1082 can be equal.

[0165] In some other embodiments, the first screening member 1082 may also be a plate or other structure, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0166] like Figure 4a and Figure 4b As shown, in some embodiments, there are at least two second screening components 1083, and the at least two second screening components 1083 are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the first screening component 1082. The length direction of the second screening components 1083 is perpendicular to the length direction of the first screening component 1082, or the length direction of the second screening components 1083 is inclined to the length direction of the first screening component 1082.

[0167] It should be noted that the length direction of the first screening component 1082 is... Figure 4a and Figure 4b The second direction in.

[0168] The second screening component 1083 protrudes from the surface through which the particulate material flows from the first screening component 1082.

[0169] In the above embodiments, when the particulate material encounters the second screening component 1083 while moving along the first screening component 1082, the particulate material collides with the second screening component 1083, and the particulate material bounces and rolls, so that the fine powder attached to the surface of the particles is fully peeled off and detached, which can improve the screening efficiency and recovery rate of fine powder.

[0170] To facilitate the movement of particulate material through the second screening component 1083, the second screening component 1083 can be a round tube or a cylinder.

[0171] The diameters of at least two second screening members 1083 may be equal or unequal. For example, the diameter of the second screening member 1083 near the second end may be smaller than the diameter of the second screening member 1083 near the first end; or, the diameters of any two second screening members 1083 may be equal.

[0172] In some other embodiments, the second screening component 1083 may also be a plate or other structure, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0173] In some embodiments, the screening device 108 can be replaced by a vibrating screen, which has a faster screening speed and is not limited to the above structure.

[0174] To reduce the fine powder content in the granular material, the shell 101 is also equipped with a spraying device 110. The spraying device 110 is used to spray water onto the first material in the extrusion chamber 1012. In this way, the granulation effect of the first material can be optimized by spraying water, and the fine powder content in the granular material can be reduced.

[0175] It should be noted that the spraying device 110 sprays water into the first material in the extrusion chamber 1012, which can effectively reduce the fine powder content in the granular material, but the adjustment range of the moisture content of the first material is small.

[0176] When the moisture content of the first material is less than 35%, the spraying device 110 can be started or the spraying volume of the spraying device 110 can be increased; when the moisture content of the first material is not less than 35%, the spraying device 110 can be turned off or the spraying volume of the spraying device 110 can be reduced.

[0177] In this embodiment, the material return device 109 may include a material return pipe and a material return pump connected in series with the material return pipe. Alternatively, the material return device 109 may have other structures, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0178] In the above embodiments, spraying water onto the first material in the extrusion chamber 1012 by the spraying device 110 can reduce the probability of the first material caking or jamming during the extrusion process, which is beneficial to the continuous operation of the granulation device 1.

[0179] The spray device 110 can be located close to the feed inlet 1011. For example, the spray nozzle of the spray device 110 can be located on the bottom side of the feed inlet 1011 in the vertical direction.

[0180] To achieve uniform spraying, the nozzle of the spraying device 110 can be an atomizing spray nozzle.

[0181] In some embodiments, the granulation device 1 further includes a fine powder flow meter 112, a first material flow meter, a current sensor, and a first controller. The fine powder flow meter 112 is used to detect the mass flow rate of fine powder in the return material device 109; the first material flow meter is used to detect the mass flow rate of the first material in the conveying device 7; the driving component 103 is a motor, and the current sensor is used to detect the current of the motor; the fine powder flow meter 112, the first material flow meter, the current sensor, and the spraying device 110 are all electrically connected to the first controller.

[0182] The ratio of the mass flow rate of the fine powder to the mass flow rate of the first material is the fine powder ratio.

[0183] When the current is within the set range and / or when the fine powder ratio is within the set range, the first controller controls the spray volume of the spray device 110 to remain constant; when the current is greater than the upper limit of the set range and / or when the fine powder ratio is greater than the upper limit of the flow rate ratio range, the first controller controls the spray volume of the spray device 110 to increase; when the fine powder ratio is less than the lower limit of the set range, the first controller controls the spray volume of the spray device 110 to decrease.

[0184] The fine powder flow meter 112 can be installed in the return pipe, and the first material flow meter can be installed in the conveying device 7.

[0185] In the above embodiments, the spray volume of the spraying device 110 can be automatically adjusted according to the fine powder flow rate and current, the moisture content of the first material can be finely adjusted, the fine powder content can be reduced, and the probability of the first material caking or jamming during the extrusion process can be reduced.

[0186] like Figure 5 As shown, to reduce the probability of the first material caking or jamming during the extrusion process, the housing 101 can also be provided with a first film injection device 111. The first film injection device 111 is used to inject water into the extrusion chamber 1012 to form a water film 10 between the inner wall of the extrusion chamber 1012 and the first material. In this way, the water film 10 can reduce the frictional resistance between the first material and the inner wall of the extrusion chamber 1012, reduce the power of the drive component 103, reduce the wear of the first material on the inner wall of the extrusion chamber 1012, and reduce the probability of the first material caking and jamming.

[0187] It should be noted that the water film 10 is located on the periphery of the first material region 9, and the water film 10 is located between the first material region 9 and the inner wall of the extrusion chamber 1012.

[0188] For example, the thickness of the water film 10 can be 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, and the frictional resistance of the granulation device 1 can be reduced by 20% to 50%.

[0189] It should be noted that the water injected into the extrusion chamber 1012 by the first injection device 111 is high-pressure water. The specific pressure value of the high-pressure water is selected according to the actual situation, and this application embodiment does not limit it.

[0190] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the first film injection device 111 includes a water inlet pipe 11101, a first film injection chamber 11102, a second film injection chamber 11104, a connecting channel 11103, and a film injection channel 11105; wherein, the water inlet pipe 11101, the first film injection chamber 11102, the connecting channel 11103, the second film injection chamber 11104, the film injection channel 11105, and the extrusion chamber 1012 are connected in sequence, and the second film injection chamber 11104 and the film injection channel 11105 are both annular and located on the periphery of the extrusion chamber 1012. In this way, high-pressure water is injected through the water inlet pipe 11101, and the high-pressure water enters the first injection chamber 11102. The high-pressure water in the first injection chamber 11102 enters the annular second injection chamber 11104 through the connecting channel 11103. The high-pressure water in the second injection chamber 11104 is injected into the space between the first material and the inner wall of the extrusion chamber 1012 through the injection channel 11105, and forms a water film 10.

[0191] The aforementioned first film injection device 111 can achieve uniform circumferential distribution of water film 10 along the extrusion chamber 1012, effectively reduce the frictional resistance between the first material and the inner wall of the extrusion chamber 1012, and reduce the energy consumption of the drive component 103.

[0192] To facilitate the formation of the water film 10, the injection channel 11105 and the flow direction of the first material are inclined, with the inlet and outlet ends of the injection channel 11105 distributed along the flow direction; the cross-sectional area of ​​the injection channel 11105 gradually decreases along the flow direction. This reduces the influence of high-pressure water on the flow of the first material and also facilitates the formation of the water film 10 between the high-pressure water and the inner wall of the extrusion chamber 1012.

[0193] In this embodiment, the screw feeding extrusion mechanism 102 in the granulation device 1 can be replaced by a roller granulation mechanism, which is applicable to the first material in block or semi-slurry form with a moisture content of 35% to 50%.

[0194] In some embodiments, to simplify the structure, the first injection device 111 and the housing 101 can be an integral structure.

[0195] In some other embodiments, the first film injection device 111 and the housing 101 may also be a separate structure.

[0196] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the conveying pipe 105 may include a first pipe section 1051 and a second pipe section 1052. The second pipe section 1052 is connected to the extrusion chamber 1012 through the first pipe section 1051. The first pipe section 1051 extends vertically, and the second pipe section 1052 and the first pipe section 1051 are inclined to each other. The feeding duct 106 is connected to the second pipe section 1052 and is inclined to the vertical direction. In this way, the granular material can fall off automatically by its own gravity, which simplifies the structure of the entire system.

[0197] In some other embodiments, the delivery pipe 105 may also have other structures, which are not limited in this application.

[0198] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the incineration device 2 is the furnace 2a of a fluidized bed boiler. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system also includes: an air volume regulating valve 11, a temperature sensor 12, and an acquisition unit. The air volume regulating valve 11 is connected in series with the feeding air duct 106. The temperature sensor 12 is used to detect the bed temperature in the furnace 2a. There are at least two temperature sensors 12. Both the air volume regulating valve 11 and the temperature sensor 12 are electrically connected to the acquisition unit. The acquisition unit is used to acquire the difference between the detection values ​​of any two temperature sensors 12 and the maximum value among all differences.

[0199] When the maximum value is within the set difference range, the opening of the air volume regulating valve 11 remains unchanged; when the maximum value is greater than the upper limit of the set difference range, the opening of the air volume regulating valve 11 increases. In this way, the air volume of the feeding air can be adjusted according to the bed temperature, which can improve the uniformity of the distribution of particulate material in the furnace 2a.

[0200] In the above embodiments, at least two temperature sensors 12 can be distributed circumferentially along the furnace chamber 2a to improve the uniformity of temperature detection.

[0201] In this embodiment, the angle between the axial and horizontal directions of the feed duct 106 can be optimized according to the boiler design to optimize the initial distribution of particulate material in the bed material, facilitating the penetration of the particulate material through the bubble layer into the dense phase region. To facilitate the penetration of the particulate material through the bubble layer into the dense phase region, the angle between the axial and horizontal directions of the feed duct 106 can be 30°~60°.

[0202] In some other embodiments, the included angle between the axial and horizontal directions of the material distribution duct 106 may be less than 30° or greater than 60°, and is not limited to the embodiments described above.

[0203] In an embodiment where the conveying pipe 105 includes a first pipe section 1051 and a second pipe section 1052, the axial direction of the material feeding duct 106 can be arranged parallel to the axial direction of the second pipe section 1052.

[0204] In the coal gasification fine ash incineration system, granulation and spreading technologies extend the residence time of materials within the incineration unit, improving combustion stability and burnout rate, and even enabling individual incineration. Granulation technology increases particle size, transforming micron-sized coal gasification fine ash into millimeter-sized particles, significantly extending its residence time in the dense phase zone of the furnace. Optimizing the wind speed of the spreading air and the angle of the spreading duct 106 improves the uniformity of particle distribution and mixing speed in the dense phase zone, enhancing rapid heat exchange between the coal gasification fine ash and the high-temperature materials, leading to rapid ignition of the coal gasification fine ash. The synergistic effect of granulation and spreading technologies reduces the ignition difficulty of the coal gasification fine ash, improves its burnout rate, reduces the carbon content of fly ash, and enhances combustion efficiency and stability.

[0205] In a coal gasification fine slag incineration system, the type of conveying device 7 can vary depending on the moisture content of the first material after drying. For example... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the moisture content of the dried first material is not less than 50%, and the conveying device 7 includes a conveying pump 702 and a conveying pipe 701. The conveying pipe 701 is provided with a second film injection device 13, which is used to form a water film 10 between the inner wall of the conveying pipe 701 and the first material.

[0206] It should be noted that, Figure 8 For a magnified diagram of part B, please refer to... Figure 6 The structure of the second film injection device 13 can be referred to the first film injection device 111, and will not be described in detail here.

[0207] In the above embodiments, the moisture content detector 107 can be installed in the conveying pipe 701, and the return pipe can be connected to the conveying pipe 701. Along the material flow direction in the conveying pipe 701, the connection point between the return pipe and the conveying pipe 701 is located upstream of the moisture content detector 107.

[0208] In the above embodiments, the moisture content of the first material after drying is not less than 50%, and the first material after drying is a slurry material that can be transported by the conveying pump 702 and the conveying pipeline 701; in order to overcome the conveying resistance caused by high viscosity, a second film injection device 13 is added.

[0209] The aforementioned coal gasification fine slag incineration system also includes a pressure detector and a second controller. The pressure detector is installed on the delivery pump 702 and is used to detect the outlet pressure of the delivery pump 702. Both the pressure detector and the second membrane injection device 13 are electrically connected to the second controller. When the outlet pressure is not less than 2 MPa, the second controller is used to control the start of the second membrane injection device 13. In this way, the second membrane injection device 13 can be started automatically, which can improve the degree of automation.

[0210] like Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the moisture content of the first material after drying is less than 50%. The conveying device 7 includes a belt conveyor 705, a hopper 703 and a screw feeder 704. The first drying outlet 602 is connected to the hopper 703, and the screw feeder 704 is connected to the outlet of the hopper 703. The screw feeder 704 is used to convey the first material in the hopper 703 to the belt conveyor 705, and the belt conveyor 705 is used to convey the first material to the granulation device 1.

[0211] In the above embodiments, the moisture content detector 107 can be installed on the belt of the belt conveyor 705, and the return pipe can be connected to the belt conveyor 705 or the silo 703. Along the conveying of the belt conveyor 705, the connection point between the return pipe and the belt conveyor 705 (or the silo 703) is located upstream of the moisture content detector 107.

[0212] In the above embodiments, the moisture content of the first material after drying is less than 50%. The first material after drying can be a semi-slurry, a block, or a powder. The first material can be conveyed by a belt conveyor 705, a hopper 703, and a screw feeder 704.

[0213] In this embodiment of the application, by selecting different conveying devices 7 according to the different moisture contents of the first material, the normal conveying of the first material can be guaranteed.

[0214] The technical features mentioned above, as well as those shown individually in the accompanying drawings, can be combined arbitrarily, provided that the combined technical features are not contradictory. All feasible combinations of features are those explicitly described herein. Any one of the multiple technical features contained in the same statement can be applied independently, without necessarily being applied together with other technical features.

[0215] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A coal gasification fine slag incineration system, characterized by, The application relates to a coal gasification fine slag treatment device, which comprises a sorting device (5), a first drying device (6), a conveying device (7), a granulation device (1) and a burning device (2). The sorting device (5) is used for separating coal gasification fine slag into a first material and a second material, the first material has a carbon content greater than that of the second material, the first outlet (502) is used for discharging the first material, and the second outlet (503) is used for discharging the second material. The first drying device (6) has a first drying inlet (601), a first drying outlet (602) and a first drying water outlet (603), the first drying inlet (601) is communicated with the first outlet (502), the first drying device (6) is used for drying the first material, and the first drying water outlet (603) and the coal gasification fine slag inlet (501) are both used for being communicated with a black water pool (4). The conveying device (7) is connected with the first drying outlet (602) and a feeding inlet (1011) of the granulation device (1), and is used for conveying the dried first material. The granulation device (1) is used for treating the dried first material and obtaining granular material. A discharging outlet (10521) of the granulation device (1) is communicated with an inlet of the burning device (2), and the burning device (2) is used for burning the granular material. The water content of the dried first material ranges from 25% to 50%.

2. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 1, characterized by, The granulation device (1) comprises:

3. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 2, characterized by, a shell (101) provided with an extrusion cavity (1012) and the feeding inlet (1011) communicated with the extrusion cavity (1012); a spiral feeding extrusion mechanism (102) arranged in the extrusion cavity (1012); a driving component (103) driving the spiral feeding extrusion mechanism (102) to rotate around an axis thereof; a granulation hole plate (104) arranged in the extrusion cavity (1012) and located at one end of the spiral feeding extrusion mechanism (102) in an axial direction, the granulation hole plate (104) being provided with through holes (1041); a conveying pipe (105) with an outlet being the discharging outlet (10521) and being communicated with the extrusion cavity (1012) and the inlet of the burning device (2); a sowing air pipe (106) communicated with the conveying pipe (105); a water content detector (107) used for detecting the water content of the dried first material and located upstream of the feeding inlet (1011) or at the feeding inlet (1011). The granulation hole plate (104) is detachably arranged in the extrusion cavity (1012).

4. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 3, characterized by, ​ And / or, the diameter of the through hole (1041) on the granulation hole plate (104) ranges from 0.5mm to 20mm.

5. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 3, characterized by, The granulation device (1) further comprises a material returning device (109) and a screening device (108), and the shell (101) is further provided with a fine powder cavity (1013); The screening device (108) is arranged on the granulation side of the granulation hole plate (104), and is used for separating fine powder in the granular material; the fine powder cavity (1013) and a fine powder channel (1081) of the screening device (108) are communicated, and the material returning device (109) communicates the fine powder cavity (1013) and the feeding port (1011), and is used for conveying the fine powder in the fine powder cavity (1013) to the feeding port (1011).

6. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 5, characterized by, The screening device (108) comprises a first screening member (1082) and a second screening member (1083); The first screening member (1082) is a plurality of members and is spaced apart along a first direction; a gap between adjacent two first screening members (1082) forms the fine powder channel (1081); The plurality of first screening members (1082) are connected by the second screening member (1083); The first screening member (1082) is arranged in an inclined manner in a vertical direction, and has a first end (10821) and a second end (10822) in the vertical direction, the first end (10821) is closer to the granulation hole plate (104) than the second end (10822), and the first end (10821) is higher than the second end (10822), and the first screening member (1082) is used for guiding the granular material to fall.

7. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 6, wherein The first screening member (1082) and the horizontal direction form an angle greater than 45°; And / or, the second screening member (1083) is at least two, and at least two second screening members (1083) are spaced apart along the length direction of the first screening member (1082), and the length direction of the second screening member (1083) is perpendicular to the length direction of the first screening member (1082), or the length direction of the second screening member (1083) and the length direction of the first screening member (1082) are arranged in an inclined manner.

8. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 5, characterized by, The shell (101) is further provided with at least one of a spraying device (110) and a first film injection device (111); The spraying device (110) is used for spraying water to the first material in the extrusion cavity (1012); and the first film injection device (111) is used for injecting water into the extrusion cavity (1012) to form a water film (10) between the inner wall of the extrusion cavity (1012) and the first material.

9. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 8, characterized by, The shell (101) is further provided with the spraying device (110); The granulation device (1) further comprises: A fine powder flow meter (112) is arranged to detect the mass flow of fine powder in the back feeding device (109); A first material flow meter is arranged to detect the mass flow of first material in the conveying device (7); the ratio of the mass flow of fine powder to the mass flow of first material is a fine powder ratio; A current sensor is arranged to detect the current of the motor, which is the driving component (103); A first controller is electrically connected with the fine powder flow meter (112), the first material flow meter, the current sensor and the spraying device (110); when the current is within a current setting range and / or when the fine powder ratio is within a ratio setting range, the first controller is arranged to control the spraying amount of the spraying device (110) to be unchanged; when the current is greater than the upper limit value of the current setting range and / or when the fine powder ratio is greater than the upper limit value of the ratio setting range, the first controller is arranged to control the spraying amount of the spraying device (110) to be increased; when the fine powder ratio is less than the lower limit value of the ratio setting range, the first controller is arranged to control the spraying amount of the spraying device (110) to be decreased.

10. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 8, characterized by, The first film injection device (111) comprises a water inlet pipe (11101), a first film injection cavity (11102), a second film injection cavity (11104), a connecting channel (11103) and a film injection channel (11105); The water inlet pipe (11101), the first film injection cavity (11102), the connecting channel (11103), the second film injection cavity (11104), the film injection channel (11105) and the extrusion cavity (1012) are sequentially communicated, and the second film injection cavity (11104) and the film injection channel (11105) are annular and located at the periphery of the extrusion cavity (1012); The film injection channel (11105) and the flow direction of the first material are obliquely distributed, the inlet end and the outlet end of the film injection channel (11105) are distributed along the flow direction, and the cross-sectional area of the film injection channel (11105) gradually decreases along the flow direction.

11. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The conveying pipe (105) comprises a first pipe section (1051) and a second pipe section (1052), the second pipe section (1052) is communicated through the first pipe section (1051) and the extrusion cavity (1012), the first pipe section (1051) extends along the vertical direction, and the second pipe section (1052) and the first pipe section (1051) are obliquely distributed; the material spreading air pipe (106) is communicated with the second pipe section (1052), and the material spreading air pipe (106) is obliquely arranged along the vertical direction; And / or, the range of the material spreading air speed in the material spreading air pipe (106) is 30-80 m / s; And / or, the incineration device (2) is a furnace (2a) of a fluidized bed boiler, and the coal gasification fine slag incineration system further comprises a wind volume adjusting valve (11), a temperature sensor (12) and an acquisition unit, the wind volume adjusting valve (11) is connected in series to the material spreading air pipe (106), the temperature sensor (12) is used for detecting the bed temperature in the furnace (2a), there are at least two temperature sensors (12), and the wind volume adjusting valve (11) and the temperature sensor (12) are electrically connected to the acquisition unit, the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the difference between the detection values of any two temperature sensors (12) and the maximum value among all the differences, in the case that the maximum value is within the difference setting range, the opening degree of the wind volume adjusting valve (11) is unchanged, and in the case that the maximum value is greater than the upper limit value of the difference setting range, the opening degree of the wind volume adjusting valve (11) is increased. And / or, the included angle between the axial direction and the horizontal direction of the material spreading air pipe (106) is 30°-60°.

12. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 1, characterized by, The incineration device (2) is a furnace (2a) of a fluidized bed boiler, and the granulating device (1) is used for sending the particulate material to the dense phase area of the furnace (2a).

13. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water content of the first material after drying is not less than 50%, the conveying device (7) comprises a conveying pump (702) and a conveying pipeline (701), the conveying pipeline (701) is provided with a second film injection device (13), and the second film injection device (13) is used for forming a water film (10) between the inner wall of the conveying pipeline (701) and the first material; The water content of the first material after drying is less than 50%, the conveying device (7) comprises a belt conveyor (705), a bin (703) and a screw feeder (704), the first drying outlet (602) and the bin (703) are communicated, the screw feeder (704) is connected to the outlet of the bin (703), the screw feeder (704) is used for conveying the first material in the bin (703) to the belt conveyor (705), and the belt conveyor (705) is used for conveying the first material to the granulating device (1).

14. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to claim 13, characterized by, Further comprising: A pressure detector, which is arranged on the conveying pump (702) and is used for detecting the outlet pressure of the conveying pump (702); A second controller, and the pressure detector and the second film injection device (13) are electrically connected to the second controller; in the case that the outlet pressure is not less than 2 Mpa, the second controller is used for controlling the second film injection device (13) to start.

15. The coal gasification fine slag incineration system according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized by, Further comprising a second drying device (8), and the inlet of the second drying device (8) is communicated with the second outlet (503), and the second drying device (8) is used for drying the second material; The second drying device (8) further has a second drying water outlet, and the second drying water outlet is used for being communicated with the black water pool (4).

Images