Battery failure handling device and method for hydrogen fuel cell system, and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery fault handling device and method for a hydrogen fuel cell system and a vehicle, and the device comprises a sensing module which is used for obtaining the battery parameters of each single battery in a battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the battery parameters comprise voltage and temperature; the switch module is arranged on the hydrogen supply passage of each single battery and is used for controlling the on-off of the hydrogen supply passage of the corresponding single battery according to the on-off state of the switch module so as to control the hydrogen supply state of the corresponding single battery; and the control module is respectively connected with the sensing module and the switch module, and is used for determining a faulted single battery with a fault in the battery stack based on the battery parameters of each single battery, and controlling the state of the switch module to disconnect a hydrogen supply path of the faulted single battery so as to stop hydrogen supply to the faulted single battery. The fault-tolerant operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system is realized, the continuous power output of the vehicle under the extreme working condition is guaranteed, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a cell fault handling device and method of a hydrogen fuel cell system and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the related art, when a single cell voltage anomaly is detected, a global protection strategy is usually adopted, such as reducing the output current of the entire stack, increasing the excess gas system ratio, or performing overall purging.

[0003] However, if the fault is not recovered, the system will be completely shut down, which cannot meet the needs of continuous operation scenarios that do not allow downtime, greatly limiting the application reliability and range of fuel cells. At the same time, the faulty cell continues to exist in the circuit, and its low voltage or reverse polarity state will force the healthy cell to provide current for the faulty cell, causing the faulty cell to be forced to electrolyze, thereby directly causing irreversible devastating damage such as corrosion of the carbon carrier of the catalyst layer inside the faulty cell, catalyst shedding, and proton exchange membrane perforation, and the risk of thermal runaway will spread to adjacent cells, forming a chain reaction, thereby increasing the cost of replacing the entire stack. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To this end, one object of the present application is to provide a cell fault handling device for a hydrogen fuel cell system, which realizes fault-tolerant operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system, guarantees continuous power output of the vehicle under extreme working conditions, and significantly reduces maintenance costs due to local faults leading to replacement of the entire stack, thereby improving the reliability and application range of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensuring safe, stable and efficient operation of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0006] To this end, a second object of the present application is to provide a cell fault handling method for a hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0007] To this end, a third object of the present application is to provide a vehicle.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention discloses a battery fault handling device for a hydrogen fuel cell system, comprising: a sensing module for acquiring battery parameters of each individual cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system, the battery parameters including voltage and temperature; a switching module disposed on the hydrogen supply path of each individual cell, for controlling the on / off state of the hydrogen supply path of the corresponding individual cell by its own on / off state, thereby controlling the hydrogen supply state of the corresponding individual cell; and a control module connected to the sensing module and the switching module respectively, for determining the faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the battery parameters of each individual cell, and controlling the state of the switching module to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty individual cell, thereby stopping the hydrogen supply to the faulty individual cell.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery fault handling device for a hydrogen fuel cell system transmits the battery parameters of each individual cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system to the control module. The control module determines whether there is a faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the received battery parameters. If a faulty individual cell is determined, the control module controls the state of the switch module to shut off the hydrogen supply path to the faulty individual cell, thereby stopping the hydrogen supply to the faulty individual cell. This effectively isolates the faulty individual cell, preventing it from participating in the electrochemical reaction and consuming reactants, while the remaining fault-free individual cells can continue to operate normally and output power. This not only achieves fault-tolerant operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures continuous power output of the vehicle under extreme conditions, but also significantly reduces the maintenance cost of replacing the entire stack due to partial faults. This improves the reliability and applicability of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures the safe, stable, and efficient operation of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0010] In addition, the battery fault handling device for the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: In some embodiments, the switching module includes: a plurality of switching units, the number of which corresponds to the number of individual batteries; each of the switching units is disposed one-to-one on the hydrogen supply path of each individual battery; when a switching unit is turned off, the hydrogen supply path of the corresponding individual battery is turned off.

[0011] In some embodiments, each of the switching units is disposed on the anode intake manifold of each individual battery cell.

[0012] In some embodiments, when determining a faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the battery parameters of each individual cell, the control module is configured to: determine state parameters of each individual cell based on the battery parameters of each individual cell, the state parameters including: the voltage of each individual cell, a first deviation value between the voltage of each individual cell and the average voltage of the battery stack, and a second deviation value between the temperature of each individual cell and the average temperature of the battery stack; and determine a faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the state parameters of each individual cell.

[0013] In some embodiments, when determining a faulty single cell in the battery stack based on the state parameters of each single cell, the control module is configured to: determine that any single cell is a faulty single cell when the state parameters of any single cell meet a preset condition; wherein the preset condition includes: the voltage is less than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, and the first deviation value is greater than a preset voltage deviation threshold, and the second deviation value is greater than a preset temperature deviation threshold.

[0014] In some embodiments, the battery fault handling device for a hydrogen fuel cell system further includes an alarm module; after determining a faulty single cell in the battery stack based on the battery parameters of each single cell, the control module is further configured to: output an alarm signal to the alarm module so that the alarm module outputs alarm information, the alarm information including at least one of the identifier of the faulty single cell, the fault time, and fault data.

[0015] In some embodiments, after controlling the state of the switching module to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty single cell, the control module is further configured to: update the total voltage of the battery stack; redetermine the target output power of the battery stack based on the total voltage and the number of remaining single cells in the battery stack; and control the operation of the battery stack based on the target output power.

[0016] In some embodiments, after controlling the operation of the battery stack based on the target output power, the control module is further configured to: push a prompt message to a designated target to instruct the system to operate in a degraded manner, wherein the prompt message includes the target output power.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention discloses a battery fault handling method for a hydrogen fuel cell system, which is used in the battery fault handling device for the hydrogen fuel cell system described in any of the first aspects of the present invention. The method includes: acquiring battery parameters of each individual cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system, the battery parameters including voltage and temperature; determining a faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the battery parameters of each individual cell, and controlling the state of a switching module to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty individual cell to stop the hydrogen supply to the faulty individual cell. The switching module is disposed on the hydrogen supply path of each individual cell and is used to control the on / off state of the hydrogen supply path of the corresponding individual cell by its own on / off state, so as to control the hydrogen supply state of the corresponding individual cell.

[0018] According to the battery fault handling method of the hydrogen fuel cell system of the present invention, the battery parameters of each cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system are obtained. Based on the battery parameters, it is determined whether there is a faulty cell in the battery stack. If a faulty cell is determined, the state of the switching module is controlled to shut down the switching module to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty cell, thereby stopping the hydrogen supply to the faulty cell. This effectively isolates the faulty cell, preventing it from participating in the electrochemical reaction and consuming reactants, while the remaining fault-free cells can continue to work normally and output power. This not only achieves fault-tolerant operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures continuous power output of the vehicle under extreme conditions, but also significantly reduces the maintenance cost of replacing the entire stack due to partial faults. This improves the reliability and applicability of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures the safe, stable and efficient operation of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, an embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention discloses a vehicle, including: a hydrogen fuel cell system; and a battery fault handling device for the hydrogen fuel cell system according to any embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

[0020] According to the vehicle of the present invention, the battery parameters of each cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system are acquired. Based on the battery parameters, it is determined whether there is a faulty cell in the battery stack. If a faulty cell is determined, the state of the switch module is controlled to shut off the switch module to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty cell, thereby stopping the hydrogen supply to the faulty cell. This effectively isolates the faulty cell, preventing it from participating in the electrochemical reaction and consuming reactants, while the remaining fault-free cells can continue to operate normally and output power. This not only achieves fault-tolerant operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures continuous power output of the vehicle under extreme conditions, but also significantly reduces the maintenance cost of replacing the entire stack due to partial failures. This improves the reliability and applicability of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures the safe, stable and efficient operation of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a battery fault handling device for a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of battery fault handling for a hydrogen fuel cell system according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0024] The following is for reference. Figure 1 A battery fault handling device for a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0025] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a battery fault handling device for a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The battery fault handling device 100 for the hydrogen fuel cell system includes: a sensing module 110, a switching module 120, and a control module 130.

[0026] The sensing module 110 is used to acquire the battery parameters of each cell in the fuel cell stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system, including voltage and temperature. The switching module 120 is located on the hydrogen supply path of each cell and is used to control the opening and closing of the hydrogen supply path of the corresponding cell by its own on / off state, so as to control the hydrogen supply state of the corresponding cell. The control module 130 is connected to the sensing module and the switching module 120 respectively, and is used to determine the faulty cell in the fuel cell stack based on the battery parameters of each cell, and control the state of the switching module 120 to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty cell, so as to stop the hydrogen supply to the faulty cell.

[0027] In this embodiment, the sensing module 110 includes a battery voltage monitoring module and a battery temperature sensor integrated into the bipolar plate. Both the battery voltage monitoring module and the battery temperature sensor are connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system to collect the battery parameters of each individual cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system in real time. The battery voltage monitoring module is used to obtain the voltage of each individual cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the battery temperature sensor is used to obtain the temperature of each individual cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system. The obtained battery parameters are then transmitted to the control module 130.

[0028] A switch module 120 is installed on the hydrogen supply path of each battery cell; that is, each hydrogen supply path to a battery cell is equipped with an independent switch module 120. The switch module 120 controls the opening or closing of the hydrogen supply path of the corresponding battery cell through its on / off state: when the switch module 120 is in the on state, hydrogen can flow normally through the path to supply gas to the corresponding battery cell; when it is in the off state, the hydrogen supply is cut off, so that the battery cell cannot obtain reaction gas.

[0029] Furthermore, the control module 130 is connected to the switch module 120 and can determine whether there is a faulty cell in the fuel cell stack based on the received voltage and temperature of each individual cell. If a faulty cell is identified, the control module 130 will send a control command to the switch module 120 to control the corresponding switch module 120 to switch to the off state, thereby cutting off the hydrogen supply to the faulty cell. This effectively isolates the faulty cell, preventing it from participating in the electrochemical reaction and consuming reactants, while the remaining fault-free cells can continue to operate normally and output power. This not only achieves fault-tolerant operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures continuous power output of the vehicle under extreme conditions, but also significantly reduces the maintenance cost of replacing the entire stack due to partial failures, thereby improving the reliability and applicability of the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0030] Therefore, in the aforementioned hydrogen fuel cell system battery fault handling device 100, the sensing module 110 transmits the battery parameters of each individual cell in the hydrogen fuel cell stack to the control module 130. The control module 130 determines whether there is a faulty individual cell in the stack based on the received battery parameters. If a faulty individual cell is found, the control module 120 is turned off to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty individual cell, thereby stopping the hydrogen supply to the faulty individual cell. This effectively isolates the faulty individual cell, preventing it from participating in the electrochemical reaction and consuming reactants. Meanwhile, the remaining fault-free individual cells can continue to operate normally and output power. This not only achieves fault-tolerant operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures continuous power output of the vehicle under extreme conditions, but also significantly reduces the maintenance cost of replacing the entire stack due to partial faults. This improves the reliability and applicability of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures the safe, stable, and efficient operation of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the switch module 120 includes: a plurality of switch units, the number of which corresponds to the number of individual cells; each switch unit is disposed one-to-one on the hydrogen supply path of each individual cell; when a switch unit is turned off, the hydrogen supply path of the corresponding individual cell is turned off.

[0032] The switching unit can be an electrically controlled switching element such as a solenoid valve.

[0033] In this embodiment, the switch module 120 includes multiple switch units corresponding one-to-one with the number of individual cells. Each switch unit is disposed on the hydrogen supply path of the corresponding individual cell and can independently control the hydrogen supply state of that individual cell. When one of the switch units is turned off, the hydrogen supply path of its corresponding individual cell is cut off, while the remaining individual cells can still obtain hydrogen and continue to operate normally.

[0034] Therefore, when one or more faulty cells are present in the fuel cell stack, the control module 120 can disconnect the corresponding number of switching units, thereby cutting off the hydrogen supply path to these faulty cells. Since the reactive gas is unavailable, these faulty cells are effectively isolated, no longer participating in the electrochemical reaction or the overall operation of the fuel cell stack, thus ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, each switching unit is disposed on the anode intake manifold of each individual battery cell.

[0036] In this embodiment, each individual cell is equipped with an independent anode inlet manifold to guide hydrogen from the gas supply system to the anode flow field of that individual cell. A corresponding switching unit is integrated or mounted on the anode inlet manifold to precisely control the hydrogen flow rate to that individual cell. By arranging independent switching units on the anode inlet manifold, rapid start-up and precise isolation of the hydrogen supply to any individual cell can be achieved. When one individual cell malfunctions, its corresponding switching unit can immediately cut off the hydrogen flow in the anode inlet manifold, preventing hydrogen from entering that individual cell. This effectively isolates it from the operation of the fuel cell stack, preventing the fault from spreading, while ensuring that the remaining normal individual cells continue to operate stably, thus improving the safety, fault tolerance, and operating efficiency of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, when determining a faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the battery parameters of each individual cell, the control module 130 is configured to: determine the state parameters of each individual cell based on the battery parameters of each individual cell, the state parameters including: the voltage of each individual cell, a first deviation value between the voltage of each individual cell and the average voltage of the battery stack, and a second deviation value between the temperature of each individual cell and the average temperature of the battery stack; and determine the faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the state parameters of each individual cell.

[0038] In this embodiment, after receiving the battery parameters obtained by the sensing module 110, the control module 130 determines the voltage of each individual cell, the average voltage of the battery stack, the temperature of each individual cell, and the average temperature of the battery stack based on the battery parameters. Subsequently, the control module 130 compares the voltage of each individual cell with the average voltage of the battery stack to obtain a first deviation value, and at the same time, compares the temperature of each individual cell with the average temperature of the battery stack to obtain a second deviation value.

[0039] Based on this, the control module 130 comprehensively analyzes the voltage value, first deviation value and second deviation value of each individual cell to determine whether there is a faulty individual cell in the battery stack. If a faulty individual cell is determined to exist, the control module 130 can trigger the corresponding protection mechanism, that is, control the on / off state of the switching unit, thereby achieving accurate identification and effective isolation of the faulty individual cell and ensuring the safe, stable and efficient operation of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, when determining a faulty cell in the battery stack based on the state parameters of each cell, the control module 130 is configured to: determine any cell as a faulty cell when the state parameters of any cell meet preset conditions; wherein the preset conditions include: the voltage is less than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, and a first deviation value is greater than a preset voltage deviation threshold, and a second deviation value is greater than a preset temperature deviation threshold.

[0041] In this embodiment, when determining whether there is a faulty cell in the battery stack based on the state parameters of each individual cell, the control module 130 compares the voltage value, first deviation value, and second deviation value of each individual cell with their corresponding thresholds, and determines whether the individual cell is faulty based on the comparison results.

[0042] Specifically, the voltage value of each individual cell is compared with a threshold voltage threshold, the first deviation value of the individual cell is compared with a threshold voltage deviation threshold, and the second deviation value of each individual cell is compared with a preset temperature deviation threshold. If the voltage of the individual cell is less than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, and the first deviation value is greater than the threshold voltage deviation threshold, and the second deviation value is greater than the preset temperature deviation threshold, then the individual cell is determined to be a faulty individual cell when all three judgment conditions are met simultaneously. Then, the on / off state of the switching unit is controlled to achieve accurate identification and effective isolation of the faulty individual cell, ensuring the safe, stable and efficient operation of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery fault handling device 100 of the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes: an alarm module 140; after determining the faulty single cell in the battery stack based on the battery parameters of each single cell, the control module 130 is also used to: output an alarm signal to the alarm module 140 so that the alarm module 140 outputs alarm information, the alarm information including at least one of the following: the identifier of the faulty single cell, the fault time, and fault data.

[0044] In this embodiment, once the control module 130 determines a faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the parameters of each individual cell, it immediately sends an alarm signal to the alarm module 130, triggering the alarm module 140 to output alarm information corresponding to the faulty individual cell. This alarm information is used to support maintenance personnel or the upper-level system in accurately locating the fault and provides a data foundation for subsequent log recording, fault analysis, and early warning reporting.

[0045] For example, alarm information may include at least one of the following: the identifier of the faulty individual battery, the time of the fault, and the fault data. For instance, if each individual battery in the system is assigned a unique number as its identifier (e.g., 1 to N), when alarm module 140 outputs an alarm message stating "Faulty individual battery identifier is 5," the fifth individual battery can be quickly identified as the faulty battery, and an isolation operation (i.e., shutting off its corresponding hydrogen supply switch) can be performed accordingly. To further improve positioning accuracy and diagnostic capabilities, the fault time in the alarm information can be combined to trace the operating status of the individual battery at a specific moment, assisting in determining the cause of the fault or assessing its development trend, thereby enhancing the maintainability of the system.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, after the state of the control switch module 120 is adjusted to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty single cell, the control module 130 is further configured to: update the total voltage of the battery stack; redetermine the target output power of the battery stack based on the total voltage and the number of remaining single cells in the battery stack; and control the operation of the battery stack based on the target output power.

[0047] In this embodiment, after the control module 130 identifies a faulty individual cell and controls the switch module 120 to disconnect its corresponding hydrogen supply path, effectively isolating the faulty cell, the target output power of the battery stack is recalculated based on the state of the remaining healthy individual cells. Specifically, the control module 130 subtracts the rated voltage or measured voltage of the faulty individual cell from the original total voltage of the battery stack to obtain a new total voltage of the battery stack. For example, if there are originally N individual cells in the battery stack, and one of them is identified as a faulty individual cell and isolated, the new total voltage of the battery stack is approximately the original total voltage minus the voltage of the faulty individual cell.

[0048] Subsequently, the control module 130, considering the new total voltage of the battery stack and the number of currently functioning healthy cells, reassesses and determines the target output power of the battery stack. Since isolating faulty cells reduces the number of cells operating, the total voltage of the battery stack decreases accordingly. Maintaining the original output power requirement could lead to excessive current loads on the remaining healthy cells, potentially causing overload or accelerated aging. Therefore, by dynamically adjusting the target output power, the control module 130 ensures the battery stack operates safely and stably under derating conditions, effectively preventing damage to healthy cells due to overload. This, in turn, extends the overall lifespan and improves operational reliability while ensuring system fault tolerance.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, after controlling the operation of the battery stack based on the target output power, the control module 130 is further configured to: push a prompt message to a designated target to indicate that the system is degraded, wherein the prompt message includes the target output power.

[0050] In this embodiment, after the control module 130 performs derating control on the battery stack based on the target output power recalculated after isolating the faulty individual cells, it further pushes a prompt message to a designated target (such as the vehicle controller, remote monitoring platform, or operation and maintenance management system) indicating that the system is currently in a degraded operating state. This prompt message includes the adjusted target output power value. By sending such prompts, relevant control systems or operators can promptly learn that the hydrogen fuel cell system has entered a non-full-load operating mode, thereby adjusting the vehicle power strategy accordingly, limiting high-load conditions, or arranging subsequent maintenance plans. This not only improves the maintainability of the system but also helps prevent secondary faults or safety hazards caused by a mismatch between power demand and actual power supply capacity, further enhancing the robustness and safety of the hydrogen fuel cell system in complex operating environments.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery fault handling device 100 for a hydrogen fuel cell system transmits the battery parameters of each individual cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system acquired by the sensing module 110 to the control module 130. The control module 130 determines whether there is a faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the received battery parameters. If a faulty individual cell is determined to exist, the control module 120 controls the state of the switch module 120 to shut off the hydrogen supply path of the faulty individual cell, thereby stopping the hydrogen supply to the faulty individual cell. This effectively isolates the faulty individual cell, preventing it from participating in the electrochemical reaction and consuming reactants, while the remaining fault-free individual cells can continue to operate normally and output power. This not only achieves fault-tolerant operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures continuous power output of the vehicle under extreme conditions, but also significantly reduces the maintenance cost of replacing the entire stack due to partial faults. This improves the reliability and applicability of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures the safe, stable, and efficient operation of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0052] A further embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for handling battery failures in a hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0053] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a flowchart of a battery fault handling method for a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery fault handling method of the hydrogen fuel cell system includes at least steps S1 and S2.

[0055] Step S1: Obtain the battery parameters of each individual cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system. The battery parameters include voltage and temperature.

[0056] Step S2: Based on the battery parameters of each individual cell, identify the faulty individual cells in the battery stack, and control the state of the switch module to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty individual cell, thereby stopping the hydrogen supply to the faulty individual cell. The switch module is located on the hydrogen supply path of each individual cell and is used to control the opening and closing of the hydrogen supply path of the corresponding individual cell through its own on / off state, thereby controlling the hydrogen supply state of the corresponding individual cell.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, when determining the faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the battery parameters of each individual cell, the method includes: determining the state parameters of each individual cell based on the battery parameters of each individual cell, the state parameters including: the voltage of each individual cell, a first deviation value between the voltage of each individual cell and the average voltage of the battery stack, and a second deviation value between the temperature of each individual cell and the average temperature of the battery stack; and determining the faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the state parameters of each individual cell.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present invention, when determining a faulty cell in the battery stack based on the state parameters of each cell, the method includes: when it is determined that the state parameters of any cell meet a preset condition, the cell is determined to be a faulty cell; wherein the preset condition includes: the voltage is less than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, and a first deviation value is greater than a preset voltage deviation threshold, and a second deviation value is greater than a preset temperature deviation threshold.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, after determining the faulty individual cell in the battery stack based on the battery parameters of each individual cell, the method includes: outputting an alarm signal to an alarm module so that the alarm module outputs alarm information, the alarm information including at least one of the following: the identifier of the faulty individual cell, the fault time, and fault data.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, after controlling the state of the switch module to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty cell, the method includes: updating the total voltage of the battery stack; redetermining the target output power of the battery stack based on the total voltage and the number of remaining cells in the battery stack; and controlling the operation of the battery stack based on the target output power.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, after controlling the operation of the battery stack based on the target output power, the method includes: pushing a prompt message to a designated target to instruct the system to degrade operation, wherein the prompt message includes the target output power.

[0062] According to the battery fault handling method of the hydrogen fuel cell system of the present invention, the battery parameters of each cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system are obtained. Based on the battery parameters, it is determined whether there is a faulty cell in the battery stack. If a faulty cell is determined, the state of the switching module is controlled to shut down the switching module to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty cell, thereby stopping the hydrogen supply to the faulty cell. This effectively isolates the faulty cell, preventing it from participating in the electrochemical reaction and consuming reactants, while the remaining fault-free cells can continue to work normally and output power. This not only achieves fault-tolerant operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures continuous power output of the vehicle under extreme conditions, but also significantly reduces the maintenance cost of replacing the entire stack due to partial faults. This improves the reliability and applicability of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures the safe, stable and efficient operation of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0063] A further embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, vehicle 200 includes hydrogen fuel cell system 210.

[0065] In other embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, vehicle 200 includes a battery fault handling device 100 for a hydrogen fuel cell system as described in the above embodiments of the present invention.

[0066] According to the vehicle 200 of this embodiment, the battery parameters of each cell in the battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system are obtained. Based on the battery parameters, it is determined whether there is a faulty cell in the battery stack. If a faulty cell is determined, the state of the switch module is controlled to turn off the switch module to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty cell, thereby stopping the hydrogen supply to the faulty cell. This effectively isolates the faulty cell, preventing it from participating in the electrochemical reaction and consuming reactants. Meanwhile, the remaining fault-free cells can continue to work normally and output power. This not only achieves fault-tolerant operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures continuous power output of the vehicle under extreme conditions, but also significantly reduces the maintenance cost of replacing the entire stack due to partial failures. This improves the reliability and applicability of the hydrogen fuel cell system and ensures the safe, stable and efficient operation of the entire hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0067] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0068] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery fault handling device for a hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: a sensing module is configured to acquire cell parameters of each single cell in a cell stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system, the cell parameters including voltage and temperature; a switch module is arranged on a hydrogen supply path of each single cell, and is configured to control the hydrogen supply path of the corresponding single cell by switching the hydrogen supply path on or off, so as to control the hydrogen supply state of the corresponding single cell; a control module is connected to the sensing module and the switch module, and is configured to determine a faulty single cell in the cell stack based on the cell parameters of each single cell, and control the state of the switch module to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty single cell, so as to stop the hydrogen supply to the faulty single cell.

2. The cell failure handling apparatus of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized by The switch module comprises a plurality of switch units, and the number of the switch units corresponds to the number of single cells; Each switch unit is arranged on the hydrogen supply path of each single cell one by one; When the switch unit is turned off, the hydrogen supply path of the corresponding single cell is disconnected.

3. The cell failure handling apparatus of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized by, Each switch unit is arranged on the anode gas inlet manifold of each single cell one by one.

4. The cell failure handling apparatus of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized by When determining the faulty single cell in the cell stack based on the cell parameters of each single cell, the control module is configured to: determine the state parameters of each single cell based on the cell parameters of each single cell, the state parameters including the voltage of each single cell, the first deviation value of the voltage of each single cell and the average voltage of the cell stack, and the second deviation value of the temperature of each single cell and the average temperature of the cell stack; determine the faulty single cell in the cell stack based on the state parameters of each single cell.

5. The cell failure handling apparatus of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein When determining the faulty single cell in the cell stack based on the state parameters of each single cell, the control module is configured to: when it is determined that the state parameters of any one of the single cells meet a preset condition, the any one of the single cells is determined as the faulty single cell; wherein the preset condition includes that the voltage is less than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, and the first deviation value is greater than a preset voltage deviation threshold, and the second deviation value is greater than a preset temperature deviation threshold.

6. The cell failure handling apparatus of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized by Further comprising: an alarm module; After determining the faulty single cell in the cell stack based on the cell parameters of each single cell, the control module is further configured to output an alarm signal to the alarm module, so that the alarm module outputs alarm information, the alarm information including at least one of the identification, fault time and fault data of the faulty single cell.

7. The cell failure handling apparatus of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein After controlling the state of the switch module to disconnect the hydrogen supply path of the faulty single cell, the control module is further configured to: update the total voltage of the cell stack; redetermine the target output power of the cell stack based on the total voltage and the number of remaining single cells in the cell stack; control the cell stack to operate based on the target output power.

8. The cell failure handling apparatus of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein After controlling the battery stack to operate based on the target output power, the control module is further configured to push prompt information indicating system degraded operation to a designated target, wherein the prompt information comprises the target output power.

9. A method for cell failure handling of a hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized by, A battery fault handling device for a hydrogen fuel cell system as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, the method comprising: acquiring battery parameters of each single battery in a battery stack of the hydrogen fuel cell system, the battery parameters comprising voltage and temperature; determining a fault single battery existing in the battery stack based on the battery parameters of each single battery, and controlling a state of a switch module to disconnect a hydrogen supply path of the fault single battery to stop hydrogen supply to the fault single battery, wherein the switch module is arranged on the hydrogen supply path of each single battery and is configured to control the on-off state of the hydrogen supply path of the corresponding single battery by controlling the on-off state of the switch module to control the hydrogen supply state of the corresponding single battery.

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: comprising: a hydrogen fuel cell system; and a battery fault handling device for a hydrogen fuel cell system as claimed in any one of claims 1-8.

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