Leaching reaction system for multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation

Abstract

The invention discloses a leaching reaction system for multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation, and relates to the technical field of material extraction, the system comprises a reaction kettle main body, a double-zone airlift module, a multi-frequency focused ultrasound module and a PLC intelligent regulation and control module; the reaction kettle main body is provided with a feed port and a discharge port, and a closed leaching reaction space is formed in the reaction kettle main body; the double-area air lifting module comprises an ascending pipe, a descending pipe, a gas distributor and a flow guide plate, and gas-liquid-solid three-phase mass transfer is optimized through gradient aperture gas distribution, spiral flow guide and secondary microbubble release; the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module comprises a low-frequency probe, a medium-frequency probe and a high-frequency probe, and cavitation nucleus generation, material structure damage and deep-layer component extraction are cooperatively realized; the PLC intelligent regulation and control module integrates multi-parameter monitoring and dynamic control, and achieves accurate temperature control in combination with jacket type temperature control. According to the system, the mass transfer efficiency is greatly improved through the synergistic effect of air lift circulation and multi-frequency ultrasound, meanwhile, the process stability is guaranteed, and the system is suitable for efficient leaching production in the fields of medicine, food and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material extraction technology, and more specifically, to a leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation. Background Technology

[0002] In the extraction processes of effective components from materials in the fields of pharmaceuticals, food, and chemicals, leaching efficiency, mass transfer uniformity, and process stability are the core factors that determine product quality and production efficiency.

[0003] Currently, the leaching devices widely used in the industry mainly include traditional airlift reaction devices, single ultrasonic extraction devices, and stirred leaching devices. However, these technologies all have obvious shortcomings and are difficult to meet the needs of efficient and precise industrial production.

[0004] Traditional airlift reactors rely on gas buoyancy to drive the flow of three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) to achieve mass transfer. However, their core drawback lies in the uneven generation and distribution of bubbles: the bottom gas distributor is mostly designed with a single aperture, which easily leads to the coalescence of bubbles during the ascent, forming large-sized bubbles. This not only shortens the gas-liquid contact time but also creates dead zones in the local flow field, resulting in low mass transfer efficiency. At the same time, the fluid movement paths in the riser and downcomer are simple, and the mixing of the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) is insufficient, further limiting the leaching effect.

[0005] While single ultrasonic extraction devices can generate microjets and shear forces through ultrasonic cavitation effects to accelerate cell wall rupture and release of active ingredients, they suffer from limited ultrasonic range and uneven energy distribution. They can only enhance the leaching of materials in localized areas, and the heat generated by ultrasound can easily cause temperature drift in the reaction system. For temperature-sensitive materials, this can easily lead to degradation or deterioration of the target components. In addition, such devices lack an effective material circulation mechanism, resulting in insufficient contact between the material and the extractant, making it difficult to achieve large-scale continuous production.

[0006] Stirred leaching devices rely on mechanical stirring to achieve mixing, which not only consumes a lot of energy, but also easily damages the structure of solid materials due to excessive shear force of the stirring paddle, resulting in an increase in the amount of impurities dissolved and making subsequent separation and purification more difficult. At the same time, air is easily entrained during the stirring process, forming unstable bubbles, which further affects the mass transfer stability.

[0007] In addition, the control of existing leaching processes relies heavily on human experience, lacking real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of key parameters such as temperature, ultrasonic intensity, and bubble density during the reaction process. This results in poor consistency in leaching efficiency and quality among different batches of products, making it difficult to meet the requirements of modern industrial production for process precision and stability.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical challenges, there is an urgent need to develop a novel leaching reaction system that integrates the high-efficiency mass transfer advantages of airlift circulation with ultrasonically enhanced leaching capabilities, while also possessing intelligent control functions, in order to achieve a synergistic improvement in leaching efficiency, product quality, and process stability. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of this, the present invention proposes a leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasound-enhanced gas-lift circulation, comprising: a reaction vessel body, a dual-zone gas-lift module, a multi-frequency focused ultrasound module, and a PLC intelligent control module; the reaction vessel body is provided with an inlet and an outlet, forming a closed leaching reaction space inside; the dual-zone gas-lift module and the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module are both disposed within the leaching reaction space, and the dual-zone gas-lift module includes an ascending pipe and a descending pipe distributed along the axial direction of the reaction vessel body; the PLC intelligent control module is electrically connected to the dual-zone gas-lift module and the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module respectively, and is used to control the gas release parameters of the dual-zone gas-lift module and the ultrasonic parameters of the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module.

[0010] Furthermore, the dual-zone gas lift module also includes a gas distributor, which is located at the bottom of the reactor body and its aperture gradually decreases axially from the bottom to the middle; the gas distributor is used to uniformly release bubbles into the leaching reaction space, and the bubble diameter varies with the aperture gradient.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner wall of the riser pipe is provided with a spiral guide groove, which extends spirally along the axial direction of the riser pipe; when gas is introduced into the dual-zone air-lift module, the gas-liquid-solid mixture rises spirally along the spiral guide groove under the action of gas buoyancy, and the spiral guide groove is used to extend the bubble path and accelerate the mixing of bubbles and liquid through shearing action.

[0012] Furthermore, a microporous distributor is provided inside the downcomer, and the pore size of the microporous distributor is smaller than the minimum pore size of the gas distributor; the microporous distributor is used to release microbubbles a second time inside the downcomer to prolong the contact time of the gas, liquid and solid phases.

[0013] Furthermore, the dual-zone airlift module also includes a guide plate, which is disposed within the leaching reaction space and located between the riser and the downcomer. The guide plate is used to guide the fluid flow direction, optimize the flow field distribution within the reactor body, avoid local dead zones, prevent bubble agglomeration, and increase the gas-liquid contact area.

[0014] Furthermore, the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module includes at least three ultrasound probes of different frequencies, which correspond to the low-frequency band (20-40kHz), the mid-frequency band (80-120kHz), and the high-frequency band (200-300kHz), respectively. The low-frequency ultrasound probe is used to generate cavitation nuclei, the mid-frequency ultrasound probe is used to enhance shear force to destroy the material structure, and the high-frequency ultrasound probe is used to focus on deep materials to extract internal effective components.

[0015] Furthermore, a jacketed temperature control component is provided on the outside of the main body of the reactor. The jacketed temperature control component is electrically connected to the PLC intelligent control module. The jacketed temperature control component is used to perform real-time temperature compensation in conjunction with the ultrasonic heat generation of the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module, so as to control the temperature in the leaching reaction space within the fluctuation range of ±1℃.

[0016] Furthermore, the PLC intelligent control module includes a parameter monitoring unit and a control execution unit; the parameter monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor, a sound intensity detector, a multi-frequency detector, and a bubble density sensor, which are used to collect temperature, ultrasonic sound intensity, ultrasonic frequency, and bubble density data in the leaching reaction space, respectively; the control execution unit is used to dynamically adjust the gas flow rate of the dual-zone airlift module and the ultrasonic intensity and frequency of the multi-frequency focusing ultrasonic module according to the data collected by the parameter monitoring unit.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a material carrier component, which is disposed within the leaching reaction space and within the effective range of the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module; the material carrier component is a mesh structure with an opening for placing the solid material to be leached, and the size of the opening is adapted to the flow of the liquid to ensure that the liquid and the solid material are in full contact.

[0018] Furthermore, the reactor body includes a detachably connected upper reactor body and a lower reactor body, the upper reactor body being configured to correspond to the feed inlet and the lower reactor body being configured to correspond to the discharge outlet; a sealing element is provided at the connection between the upper reactor body and the lower reactor body to ensure the airtightness of the leaching reaction space; the detachable structure facilitates the cleaning and maintenance of the dual-zone airlift module and the multi-frequency focused ultrasonic module.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention utilizes an innovative dual-zone airlift module design. The bottom gas distributor ensures uniform bubble release, the rising pipe spiral guide channel extends the bubble path and enhances shear mixing, and the descending pipe microporous distributor releases microbubbles a second time. Combined with the flow guide plate to optimize the flow field, this invention solves the problems of bubble aggregation and uneven mass transfer in traditional airlift devices from bubble generation and dispersion to mixing. At the same time, the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module utilizes the synergistic effect of ultrasound at different frequency bands to disrupt the material structure and promote the release of deep components through cavitation. The multi-field coupling of airlift circulation and ultrasound improves the mass transfer efficiency by 30%-50% compared to traditional devices, significantly shortening the leaching cycle.

[0020] 2. The multi-frequency focused ultrasound module can flexibly adjust the ultrasonic frequency and intensity according to the characteristics of the material to be leached, such as the depth of component distribution and material hardness, to avoid local over-leaching or insufficient leaching caused by uneven action of a single frequency ultrasound; the jacketed temperature control component, combined with real-time compensation for ultrasonic heat generation, controls the reaction temperature within a fluctuation range of ±1℃, effectively preventing the degradation of temperature-sensitive target components; in addition, the PLC intelligent control module monitors parameters such as temperature, sound intensity, and bubble density in real time and dynamically adjusts process conditions to ensure the consistency of leaching efficiency and quality of different batches of products, reducing batch-to-batch differences.

[0021] 3. The material carrying components of this system adopt an open mesh structure, which can adapt to solid materials of different shapes, and the opening size can be adjusted according to the particle size of the material to ensure full contact between the liquid and the material; the main body of the reactor adopts a detachable upper and lower reactor design, which facilitates the cleaning, maintenance and replacement of internal modules; at the same time, the system supports continuous feeding and discharging, and combined with the PLC remote monitoring function, it can realize large-scale industrial production, reduce the intensity of manual operation and improve production efficiency.

[0022] 4. The multi-parameter monitoring unit of the PLC intelligent control module can capture abnormal signals in the reaction process in real time, such as sudden temperature rise and abnormal bubble density, and automatically adjust process parameters or trigger alarms through the control execution unit to improve operational safety. At the same time, the system's closed reaction space and sealed structure design can effectively prevent leakage of volatile extractants or the mixing of external impurities, ensuring the safety of the operating environment and the purity of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation provided in an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 01 - Feed inlet; 02 - Multi-frequency focused ultrasonic module; 03 - Reactor body; 04 - Baffle plate; 05 - Spiral guide channel; 06 - Downcomer; 07 - Riser; 08 - Gas distributor; 09 - Discharge outlet; 11 - Bubble density sensor; 12 - Multi-frequency detector; 13 - Sound intensity detector; 14 - Temperature sensor; 15 - First connection port; 16 - Second connection port. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] See Figure 1 In some embodiments of this application, a leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasound-enhanced gas-lift circulation includes: a reactor body 03, a dual-zone gas-lift module, a multi-frequency focused ultrasound module 02, and a PLC intelligent control module; the reactor body 03 is provided with an inlet 01 and an outlet 09, forming a closed leaching reaction space inside; the dual-zone gas-lift module and the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module 02 are both disposed within the leaching reaction space, and the dual-zone gas-lift module includes an ascending pipe 07 and a descending pipe 06 distributed along the axial direction of the reactor body 03; the PLC intelligent control module is electrically connected to the dual-zone gas-lift module and the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module 02 respectively, and is used to control the gas release parameters of the dual-zone gas-lift module and the ultrasonic parameters of the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module 02.

[0026] Specifically, the main body of the reactor 03 is made of stainless steel and is connected to the upper and lower reactor bodies by detachable flanges. Fluororubber seals are installed at the flange connections to ensure the airtightness of the leaching reaction space. The upper reactor body has an inlet 01 at the top and is equipped with a quick-opening sealing cover. The lower reactor body has an outlet 09 at the center of the bottom and is equipped with a stainless steel shut-off valve to control the discharge of materials.

[0027] The outer side of the reactor body 03 is wrapped with a 304 stainless steel jacket. Heat transfer oil is circulated inside the jacket as a temperature control medium. The jacket is connected to an external constant temperature circulation pump, which is electrically connected to a PLC intelligent control module. Two platinum resistance temperature sensors 14 are installed on the jacket to collect the jacket temperature in real time. Combined with the heat generation data of the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module 02, the heating power of the constant temperature circulation pump is controlled by the PLC to stabilize and control the temperature in the leaching reaction space.

[0028] Specifically, the inner wall of the riser pipe 07 is provided with a spiral guide groove 05, which extends spirally along the axial direction of the riser pipe 07. When gas is introduced into the dual-zone air-lift module, the gas-liquid-solid mixture rises spirally along the spiral guide groove 05 under the action of gas buoyancy. The spiral guide groove 05 is used to extend the bubble path and accelerate the mixing of bubbles and liquid through shearing action.

[0029] The downcomer 06 is equipped with a microporous distributor, the pore size of which is smaller than the minimum pore size of the gas distributor 08; the microporous distributor is used to release microbubbles a second time in the downcomer 06 to prolong the contact time of the gas, liquid and solid phases.

[0030] It can be seen that both the riser pipe 07 and the downcomer pipe 06 are made of stainless steel, have the same diameter, and are symmetrically distributed along the axial direction of the reactor body 03. The bottom is connected to the gas collection chamber at the bottom of the reactor body 03, and the top is connected to the upper space of the reactor body 03. The inner wall of the riser pipe 07 is welded with a spiral guide groove 05. When gas is introduced, the gas-liquid-solid mixture rises spirally along the guide groove, and the path length is longer than that of the straight riser pipe 07.

[0031] See Figure 4 It can be seen that the gas distributor 08 is located in the gas manifold at the bottom of the reactor body 03. It is a disc-shaped stainless steel perforated plate with three sets of vent holes of different diameters. The vent holes are evenly distributed in a ring shape. Compressed air is provided by an external air compressor to achieve a gradient and uniform release of bubbles from the bottom to the middle.

[0032] The downcomer 06 microporous distributor is a stainless steel sintered microporous tube, which is arranged axially along the inner wall of the downcomer 06. It is connected to the gas manifold through a branch pipe. After the compressed air is split through the branch pipe, it is released as microbubbles in the downcomer 06 through the microporous distributor, which prolongs the contact time of the gas, liquid and solid phases.

[0033] The guide plate 04 consists of two arc-shaped stainless steel plates, which are respectively set on both sides between the riser pipe 07 and the downcomer pipe 06. The bottom of the guide plate 04 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the reactor body 03, and the top extends to 2 / 3 of the height of the reactor body 03. The surface of the guide plate 04 has guide holes to guide the fluid to flow laterally, avoid the formation of flow dead corners between the riser pipe 07 and the downcomer pipe 06, and prevent bubbles from merging between the two pipes. The gas-liquid contact area is improved compared to the design without the guide plate 04.

[0034] Specifically, the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module 02 includes at least three ultrasound probes of different frequencies, which correspond to the low-frequency band (20-40kHz), the mid-frequency band (80-120kHz), and the high-frequency band (200-300kHz), respectively. The low-frequency ultrasound probe is used to generate cavitation nuclei, the mid-frequency ultrasound probe is used to enhance shear force to destroy the material structure, and the high-frequency ultrasound probe is used to focus on deep materials to extract internal effective components.

[0035] See Figure 3 It can be seen that a total of several ultrasonic probes are set, all of which extend into the leaching reaction space through the flange interface on the side wall of the reactor body 03. Among them, the low frequency probes 20kHz and 30kHz are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the riser 07, the medium frequency probe 100kHz is arranged in front of the faller 06, and the high frequency probes 250kHz and 300kHz are arranged directly above the material carrying component.

[0036] The ultrasonic parameter control logic is as follows: the low-frequency probe output power is 300-500W, used to generate a large number of cavitation nuclei in the early stage of leaching; the medium-frequency probe output power is 500-800W at 80-120kHz, which enhances shear force in the middle stage of leaching; and the high-frequency probe output power is 800-1000W at 200-300kHz, which focuses on deep materials in the later stage of leaching. The power and working cycle of each probe are dynamically adjusted by the PLC intelligent control module according to the leaching stage. For example, only the low-frequency probe is turned on in the first 10 minutes of leaching, the low and medium frequency probes are turned on from 10 to 30 minutes, and the full-frequency probe is turned on from 30 to 60 minutes.

[0037] Specifically, the PLC intelligent control module includes a parameter monitoring unit and a control execution unit; the parameter monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor 14, a sound intensity detector 13, a multi-frequency detector 12, and a bubble density sensor 11, which are used to collect temperature, ultrasonic sound intensity, ultrasonic frequency, and bubble density data in the leaching reaction space, respectively; the control execution unit is used to dynamically adjust the gas flow rate of the dual-zone airlift module and the ultrasonic intensity and frequency of the multi-frequency focusing ultrasonic module 02 according to the data collected by the parameter monitoring unit.

[0038] See Figure 2As can be seen, the parameter monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor 14 to monitor the temperature of the leaching reaction space, a sound intensity detector 13, a multi-frequency detector 12 to monitor the actual operating frequency of each ultrasonic probe, and a bubble density sensor 11 installed in the middle of the riser 07 to monitor the number and concentration of bubbles. All sensor signals are transmitted to the PLC controller via a bus. The PLC controller controls the gas flow rate of the air compressor, the heating power of the constant temperature circulating pump, and the output power of each ultrasonic probe through an analog output module. Simultaneously, the PLC is connected to a touch screen to display real-time parameter curves such as temperature, sound intensity, and bubble density, and supports manual setting of process parameters, saving historical data, and remote monitoring. Furthermore, the PLC controller is detachably connected to the first connection port 15 of the reactor body via a second connection port 16.

[0039] Specifically, it also includes a material carrier component, which is disposed within the leaching reaction space and within the effective range of the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module 02; the material carrier component is a mesh structure with an opening for placing the solid material to be leached, and the size of the opening is adapted to the flow of the liquid to ensure that the liquid and the solid material are in full contact.

[0040] Therefore, it can be seen that the material carrying component is designed as a cylindrical stainless steel mesh container with a handle on the top and a detachable support base at the bottom of the reactor body 03. The container has evenly spaced elongated openings on its side walls to further increase the contact area and avoid leaching dead zones.

[0041] As can be seen from the above, the system operation flow of this application is as follows: Load the material into the material carrier assembly, place the carrier assembly into the reactor body 03 and fix it to the support base; add the extractant into the reactor through the feed inlet 01, close the feed inlet 01 sealing cover, turn on the PLC intelligent control module, and set the leaching temperature and total leaching time.

[0042] The PLC controls the air compressor to start, and compressed air is introduced into the gas distributor 08. After the gas is released through the gradient aperture, it forms uniform bubbles. The gas-liquid-solid mixture spirals upward along the spiral guide groove 05 in the riser pipe 07. After being released into microbubbles a second time through the microporous distributor in the downcomer pipe 06, it flows back to the bottom of the reactor, forming a stable gas-lift circulation. The bubble density sensor 11 monitors the bubble concentration in the riser pipe 07 in real time. When the concentration is lower than the threshold, the PLC automatically increases the air compressor flow rate to maintain a stable bubble concentration.

[0043] Initial stage: The PLC activates the 20kHz and 30kHz low-frequency probes with an output power of 500W. Temperature sensor 14 monitors the reaction temperature. When the temperature is below the threshold, the PLC controls the constant-temperature circulating pump to heat the system and compensate for insufficient ultrasonic heat generation. Mid-stage: The 100kHz mid-frequency probe is activated with an output power of 800W, working in conjunction with the low-frequency probe to enhance shear force. Sound intensity detector 13 monitors the ultrasonic sound intensity in real time. When the sound intensity fluctuation exceeds the threshold, the PLC adjusts the probe power to maintain sound intensity stability. Late stage: The 250kHz and 300kHz high-frequency probes are activated with an output power of 1000W, while the low- and mid-frequency probes are kept running to ensure uniform leaching throughout the entire area.

[0044] After leaching, the PLC controls the air compressor and ultrasonic probe to stop running, opens the 09 shut-off valve at the discharge port, and discharges the leachate after filtration. The leachate is then collected. The reactor body is disassembled, the material carrying components are removed, and the next batch of production begins.

[0045] The above scenarios are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program goods. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program goods embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0047] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program goods according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0048] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0049] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic-enhanced airlift circulation, characterized in that, include: The reactor comprises a main body, a dual-zone gas lift module, a multi-frequency focused ultrasound module, and a PLC intelligent control module. The main body of the reactor has an inlet and an outlet, forming a sealed leaching reaction space inside. The dual-zone gas lift module and the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module are both located within the leaching reaction space, and the dual-zone gas lift module includes an ascending pipe and a descending pipe distributed along the axial direction of the main body of the reactor. The PLC intelligent control module is electrically connected to the dual-zone gas lift module and the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module, respectively, and is used to control the gas release parameters of the dual-zone gas lift module and the ultrasonic parameters of the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module.

2. The leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-zone gas lift module also includes a gas distributor, which is located at the bottom of the reactor body and its aperture gradually decreases axially from the bottom to the middle. The gas distributor is used to uniformly release bubbles into the leaching reaction space, and the bubble diameter varies with the aperture gradient.

3. The leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the riser pipe is provided with a spiral guide groove, which extends spirally along the axial direction of the riser pipe. When gas is introduced into the dual-zone air-lift module, the gas-liquid-solid mixture rises spirally along the spiral guide groove under the action of gas buoyancy. The spiral guide groove is used to extend the bubble path and accelerate the mixing of bubbles and liquid through shearing action.

4. The leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The downcomer is equipped with a microporous distributor, the pore size of which is smaller than the minimum pore size of the gas distributor; the microporous distributor is used to release microbubbles in the downcomer for a second time, thereby prolonging the contact time between the gas, liquid and solid phases.

5. The leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-zone airlift module also includes a guide plate, which is disposed in the leaching reaction space and located between the riser and the downcomer. The guide plate is used to guide the direction of fluid flow, optimize the flow field distribution in the reactor body, avoid local dead zones, prevent bubble agglomeration, and increase the gas-liquid contact area.

6. The leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-frequency focused ultrasound module includes at least three ultrasound probes of different frequencies, corresponding to a low-frequency band of 20-40kHz, a mid-frequency band of 80-120kHz, and a high-frequency band of 200-300kHz, respectively. The low-frequency ultrasound probe is used to generate cavitation nuclei, the mid-frequency ultrasound probe is used to enhance shear force to destroy the material structure, and the high-frequency ultrasound probe is used to focus on deep materials to extract internal effective components.

7. The leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the reactor is equipped with a jacketed temperature control component, which is electrically connected to the PLC intelligent control module. The jacketed temperature control component is used to perform real-time temperature compensation in conjunction with the ultrasonic heat generation of the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module, so as to control the temperature in the leaching reaction space within a fluctuation range of ±1℃.

8. The leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PLC intelligent control module includes a parameter monitoring unit and a control execution unit. The parameter monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor, a sound intensity detector, a multi-frequency detector, and a bubble density sensor, which are used to collect temperature, ultrasonic sound intensity, ultrasonic frequency, and bubble density data in the leaching reaction space, respectively. The control execution unit is used to dynamically adjust the gas flow rate of the dual-zone airlift module and the ultrasonic intensity and frequency of the multi-frequency focusing ultrasonic module based on the data collected by the parameter monitoring unit.

9. The leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic enhanced airlift circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a material carrier component, which is disposed within the leaching reaction space and within the effective range of the multi-frequency focused ultrasound module; the material carrier component is a mesh structure with an opening for placing the solid material to be leached, and the size of the opening is adapted to the flow of the liquid to ensure that the liquid and the solid material are in full contact.

10. The leaching reaction system with multi-frequency ultrasonic-enhanced airlift circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor body includes a detachably connected upper reactor body and a lower reactor body. The upper reactor body is positioned corresponding to the feed inlet, and the lower reactor body is positioned corresponding to the discharge outlet. A sealing element is provided at the connection between the upper reactor body and the lower reactor body to ensure the airtightness of the leaching reaction space. The detachable structure facilitates the cleaning and maintenance of the dual-zone airlift module and the multi-frequency focused ultrasonic module.

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