Blade of countersink, countersink and manufacturing process of countersink

Abstract

The invention relates to a countersink blade, a countersink and a manufacturing process of the countersink blade, and belongs to the field of countersinks, the countersink blade is provided with a cutting edge part, the cutting edge part is provided with a row of sawteeth, and the tooth bottoms and the tooth tops of the sawteeth are subjected to rounding treatment; the surface, facing a workpiece, of the blade in the machining process is constructed to be a first inclined face, and a row of sawteeth are located on the first inclined face. And the blade is made of PCD (Polycrystalline Diamond). The countersink blade is provided with the sawteeth, so that the countersink can machine high-precision concentric lines on the end face of a hole at a time, the machining efficiency and quality of the concentric lines are greatly improved, the stability and consistency of the concentric lines are good, and the assembling quality of bolt connecting pieces in the later period is guaranteed; the method has the advantages that the structure is simple, the blade roughness can be customized according to customer requirements, the differentiated machining requirements are met, the microcosmic sawtooth shape of the countersink blade is accurately designed by matching with the laser micromachining technology, and the high-precision concentric line structure and the high-precision and long-life cutting performance are formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of countersinking tools, and in particular to a countersinking tool blade, a countersinking tool, and its manufacturing process. Background Technology

[0002] A countersink is a tool used to finish the end face of a hole.

[0003] In industries such as machinery manufacturing, aerospace, and automobiles, the requirements for the assembly quality of bolted fasteners are increasing. To avoid uneven preload and loosening in the later stages of bolted connections, a countersink is usually used to machine concentric patterns on the end face of the hole. However, existing countersinks cannot machine high-precision concentric patterns in one go. Therefore, the processing of concentric patterns is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the processing quality is not high. The concentricity of the patterns is poor, making it difficult to guarantee the assembly quality and market competitiveness of bolted fasteners.

[0004] Based on this, this application is designed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the processing quality of concentric patterns, this application provides a countersinking blade, a countersinking tool, and its manufacturing process.

[0006] In one aspect of this disclosure, a countersink blade is provided, having a cutting edge portion having a row of serrations, the tooth base and tooth tip of which are rounded. The surface of the blade facing the workpiece during processing is constructed as a first inclined surface, and a row of saw teeth is located on the first inclined surface; The blade is made of PCD.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the countersink can process high-precision concentric patterns on the end face of the hole in one go, which greatly improves the processing efficiency and quality of the concentric patterns. The stability and consistency of the concentric patterns are good, which ensures the assembly quality of the bolted connectors in the later stage.

[0008] In another aspect of this disclosure, a countersink is provided, comprising a shank and a countersink blade, wherein the shank is made of diamond particles and a metal binder phase by hot pressing and sintering, and the blade and the shank are welded and fixedly connected.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the countersink can process high-precision concentric patterns on the end face of the hole in one go, which greatly improves the processing efficiency and quality of the concentric patterns. The stability and consistency of the concentric patterns are good, which ensures the assembly quality of the bolted connectors in the later stage.

[0010] Preferably, the hot pressing sintering temperature is 800-1050℃, the pressure is 15-50MPa, the time is 2-30 minutes, and the sintering atmosphere is vacuum sintering or inert gas protected sintering.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the resulting tool holder has stable performance, ensuring high machining accuracy and low roughness, and meeting the high standard assembly quality requirements and market competitiveness of bolted connectors.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the tool holder is constructed with a tool groove and a second inclined surface, the blade is located at the connection between the tool groove and the second inclined surface, and the lowest point of the second inclined surface is higher than the highest point of the first inclined surface.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the countersink has excellent chip removal performance, smooth cutting, and effectively reduces cutting resistance during the machining process.

[0014] In another aspect of this disclosure, a manufacturing process for a countersink is provided, comprising: Diamond particles and metal binder are mixed evenly, and then rods are obtained by hot pressing and sintering. The sintering atmosphere is vacuum sintering or inert gas protected sintering. The hot pressing and sintering temperature is 800-1050℃, the pressure is 15-50MPa, and the time is 2-30 minutes. Processing bar stock into tool holders; The tool holder and the countersink blade are welded and fixed together; A row of serrations is machined on the countersink blade.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the countersink can process high-precision concentric patterns on the end face of the hole in one go, which greatly improves the processing efficiency and quality of the concentric patterns. The stability and consistency of the concentric patterns are good, which ensures the assembly quality of the bolted connectors in the later stage.

[0016] Moreover, the tooth pitch, tooth depth, and blade roughness of the saw teeth can all be customized according to customer needs to meet differentiated processing requirements. Combined with laser micromachining technology, the micro-serration shape of the countersink blade is precisely designed, forming a high-precision concentric texture structure, resulting in high-precision and long-life cutting performance.

[0017] Preferably, the diamond particles and the metal binder phase contain additives, the additives including one or more of carbon nanotubes and graphene.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solutions, the microstructure stability and thermal stability of the diamond particle matrix are enhanced.

[0019] Preferably, before the diamond particles and the metal binder are mixed evenly, the diamond particles are treated with a surfactant or pre-oxidized.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the bonding strength between diamond particles and the metal binder phase can be improved.

[0021] Preferably, the surfactant treatment includes: A surfactant is prepared by mixing a titanate coupling agent or a silane coupling agent with anhydrous ethanol, wherein the concentration of the titanate coupling agent or silane coupling agent in the surfactant is 0.5%-2%. The diamond particles were stirred and soaked in a surfactant for 30-60 minutes, while the temperature was maintained at room temperature to 60°C. After soaking, the diamond particles are vacuum dried at 60-80℃ for 2 hours.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, excellent processing results can be obtained, and the bonding strength between diamond particles and the metal binder phase can be significantly improved.

[0023] Preferably, the pre-oxidation treatment includes: Place the diamond particles in a vacuum environment; While maintaining a temperature below 200℃, the diamond surface is bombarded with high-energy particles of oxygen plasma for 10-30 minutes. Stop bombarding and allow the diamond particles to cool to room temperature in a vacuum.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, excellent processing results can be obtained, and the bonding strength between diamond particles and the metal binder phase can be significantly improved.

[0025] Preferably, a row of serrations is machined on the countersink blade using a laser.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solutions and combining them with high-precision CAD / CAM software, the microscopic serration shape of the cutting edge of the machining tool can be precisely designed to form a high-precision concentric texture structure, thereby achieving high-precision and long-life cutting performance.

[0027] Beneficial technical effects: The countersink blade of this application has serrations, which enables the countersink to process high-precision concentric patterns on the end face of the hole in one pass, greatly improving the processing efficiency and quality of the concentric patterns. The stability and consistency of the concentric patterns are good, ensuring the assembly quality of the bolted connectors in the later stage.

[0028] The tooth pitch, tooth depth, and blade roughness of the saw teeth can all be customized according to customer needs to meet differentiated processing requirements. Combined with laser micromachining technology, the microscopic saw tooth shape of the countersink blade can be precisely designed to form a high-precision concentric texture structure, resulting in high-precision and long-life cutting performance. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting tool after the cutting groove is made in the embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the countersink in the embodiments of this application.

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in the image.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the countersink in the embodiments of this application.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a front view of the countersink in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of part B in the image.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Tool holder; 2. Tool groove; 3. Second bevel; 4. Blade; 5. First bevel; 6. Serration; 7. Cutting edge. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore detailed descriptions of them will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0038] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0039] In one aspect of this disclosure, a countersinking blade 4 is provided, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the blade 4 has a cutting edge 7, and the cutting edge 7 has a first inclined surface 5. During machining, the first inclined surface 5 faces the workpiece. The presence of the first inclined surface 5 can prevent the flank face of the blade 4 from rubbing against the workpiece, reducing cutting resistance. Figure 4 As shown, the blade portion 7 is constructed with a row of serrations 6, which are located on the first inclined surface 5. Figure 5 In the middle, a row of serrations 6 are arranged along the length of the blade 4, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the two blades 4 are centrally symmetrically distributed on the tool holder 1, keeping the tool holder 1 coaxial with the bolt hole. The high-speed rotation of the tool holder 1 can drive the two blades 4 to process high-precision concentric patterns on the end face of the bolt hole in one go, which greatly improves the processing efficiency and quality of the concentric patterns. The stability and consistency of the concentric patterns are good, ensuring the assembly quality of the bolted connection parts in the later stage.

[0040] In the embodiments disclosed herein, such as Figure 4 As shown, the tooth root and tooth tip of the saw tooth 6 are both rounded. This design can disperse stress, optimize flow, protect the cutting edge, and avoid cutting edge breakage, chip jamming, and surface scratches. It achieves the synergistic effect of stable cutting, smooth chip removal, high-quality surface, and long tool life, and is suitable for the high-precision concentric texture machining requirements of bolt hole end faces.

[0041] Preferably, the blade 4 is made of PCD material. The PCD material, combined with the hot-pressed sintered tool holder 1, enables the countersink tool life to reach tens or even hundreds of times that of traditional cemented carbide countersink tools, greatly reducing the number of tool changes and inventory costs, and making it suitable for automated production lines with high production efficiency.

[0042] In addition, the PCD insert 4 has strong stability. After successful debugging, it can continuously process thousands to tens of thousands of parts without significant changes in size, improving the processing quality and stability of concentric patterns and reducing quality risk costs.

[0043] In this embodiment, the countersink blade 4 is equipped with a row of serrations 6, which allows the countersink to be processed with high-precision concentric patterns on the end face of the hole in one go after it is installed on the tool holder 1. This greatly improves the processing efficiency and quality of the concentric patterns. The stability and consistency of the concentric patterns are good, which ensures the assembly quality of the bolted connectors in the later stage.

[0044] In addition, the presence of serration 6 can significantly improve the chip-breaking ability of the countersink.

[0045] In another aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure, a countersinking tool is provided, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, it includes a tool holder 1 and a countersink blade 4, which are welded and fixedly connected to the tool holder 1, for example by high-frequency induction brazing.

[0046] The tool holder 1 is made of diamond particles and a metal binder phase by hot pressing and sintering. Compared with the traditional cemented carbide tool holder 1, this tool holder 1 has greater rigidity, wear resistance, impact resistance, good thermal conductivity, and small thermal deformation, thus achieving high precision, long life and high efficiency in countersinking.

[0047] Preferably, to achieve the beneficial effects of high precision, long life, and high efficiency in countersinking machining, the tool holder 1 has higher rigidity, wear resistance, impact resistance, good thermal conductivity, and small thermal deformation compared to traditional cemented carbide tool holders 1. The preferred hot pressing sintering parameters are: hot pressing sintering temperature 800-1050℃, pressure 15-50MPa, time 2-30 minutes, and sintering atmosphere is vacuum sintering or inert gas protected sintering. By controlling the sintering atmosphere, oxidation and carbonization reactions are reduced, the material density is improved, the performance of the tool holder 1 is guaranteed to be stable, high machining accuracy and low roughness are guaranteed, and the high standard assembly quality requirements and market competitiveness of bolted fasteners are met.

[0048] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, one end of the tool holder 1 has a groove 2 and a second inclined surface 3. The cutting blade 4 is located at the connection between the groove 2 and the second inclined surface 3. The lowest point of the second inclined surface 3 is higher than the highest point of the first inclined surface 5. The serration 6 is located at the lower end of the first inclined surface 5. The design of the second inclined surface 3 gives the countersink excellent chip removal performance, smooth cutting, and effectively reduces cutting resistance during the machining process.

[0049] In another aspect of this disclosure, a manufacturing process for a countersink is provided, comprising: S1. Diamond particles and metal binder are mixed evenly, and then hot-pressed and sintered to obtain rods. The sintering atmosphere is vacuum sintering or inert gas protected sintering. S2. Machining the bar stock into tool holder 1; S3. Weld the tool holder 1 and the countersink blade 4 together to fix them in place; S4. A row of serrations 6 is machined on the countersink blade 4.

[0050] The hot pressing sintering parameters in S1 are: hot pressing sintering temperature 800-1050℃, pressure 15-50MPa, time 2-30 minutes, and sintering atmosphere is vacuum sintering or inert gas protected sintering. By controlling the sintering atmosphere, oxidation and carbonization reactions are reduced, the material density is improved, the performance of the tool holder 1 is guaranteed to be stable, high machining accuracy and low roughness are guaranteed, and the high standard assembly quality requirements and market competitiveness of bolted fasteners are met.

[0051] The bar obtained by hot pressing and sintering in S1 is turned to obtain the tool holder 1 blank, such as Figure 1 As shown. Then as Figure 2 As shown, the bar is machined into a tool holder 1, that is, S2 first machines a tool groove 2 at one end of the bar. The structure of the tool groove 2 is as follows. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the mounting space for the second inclined surface 3 and the blade 4 is then machined. Finally, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the countersink is manufactured by welding and fixing the tool holder 1 and the countersink blade 4 together via S3. The preferred welding method is high-frequency induction brazing.

[0052] By adopting the above technical solution, the internal structure of the tool holder 1 is made denser, which significantly improves the wear resistance and anti-chipping ability of the tool. The tool holder 1 produced has greater rigidity, wear resistance and impact resistance, good thermal conductivity and small thermal deformation compared with the traditional cemented carbide tool holder 1, thus achieving high precision, long life and high efficiency in countersinking.

[0053] Finally, a row of serrations 6 is machined on the countersink blade 4 using S4 to obtain the aforementioned countersink. The countersink can machine high-precision concentric patterns on the end face of the hole in one go, which greatly improves the processing efficiency and quality of the concentric patterns. The stability and consistency of the concentric patterns are good, ensuring the assembly quality of the bolted connectors in the later stage.

[0054] Specifically, the S4 utilizes advanced laser micromachining technology, combined with high-precision CAD / CAM software, to precisely design the microscopic serration shape of the cutting edge of the machining tool, forming a high-precision concentric texture structure, achieving high-precision and long-life cutting performance. Furthermore, it can precisely design serrations of different sizes and specifications based on customers' requirements for different surface roughness of bolt holes, meeting the diverse needs of different customers.

[0055] As can be seen, the tooth pitch and tooth depth of the serration 6 in S4, as well as the roughness of the blade 4, can be customized according to customer needs to meet differentiated processing requirements. Combined with laser micromachining technology, the microscopic serration 6 shape of the countersink blade 4 is precisely designed, forming a high-precision concentric texture structure and high-precision, long-life cutting performance.

[0056] Furthermore, the diamond particles in S1 are made of high-quality polycrystalline diamond (PCD) material with a purity of 99.9%, ensuring the purity and consistency of the raw materials and avoiding the introduction of impurities, thereby improving the wear resistance and chipping resistance of the tool.

[0057] Furthermore, in S1, the diamond particles and the metal binder phase are mixed with additives, including one or more of carbon nanotubes and graphene. The addition of additives enhances the microstructural stability and thermal stability of the diamond particle matrix.

[0058] Furthermore, before uniformly mixing the diamond particles and the metal binder phase, the diamond particles are treated with surfactants or pre-oxidized to modify their surface activity and improve the interfacial wettability and metallurgical bonding strength between the diamond particles and the metal binder phase.

[0059] Specifically, when diamond particles are treated with surfactants, the surfactant treatment includes: S11. A surfactant is prepared by mixing a titanate coupling agent or a silane coupling agent with anhydrous ethanol. The concentration of the titanate coupling agent or the silane coupling agent in the surfactant is 0.5%-2%. One end of the amphiphilic molecular structure in the surfactant is bound to the hydroxyl group on the diamond surface, and the other end is compatible with the metal bonding phase. The concentration of 0.5%-2% is appropriate and does not affect the sintering density.

[0060] S12. Stir and soak the diamond particles in the surfactant for 30-60 minutes, keeping the temperature between room temperature and 60°C to ensure that the surfactant is uniformly adsorbed and solidified on the diamond surface. The temperature between room temperature and 60°C is conducive to accelerating the adsorption efficiency and will not cause the surfactant to decompose.

[0061] S13. After soaking, the diamond particles are vacuum dried at 60-80℃ for 2 hours.

[0062] By adopting the above technical solution, excellent processing results can be obtained, and the bonding strength between diamond particles and the metal binder phase can be significantly improved.

[0063] Specifically, when performing pre-oxidation treatment on diamond particles, the pre-oxidation treatment includes: S101. Place the diamond particles in a vacuum environment to avoid air interference affecting the reaction and ensure plasma purity. S102. Under the condition of keeping the temperature below 200℃, the diamond surface is bombarded with high-energy particles of oxygen plasma for 10-30 minutes. The high-energy particles bombard the diamond surface to fully generate active oxygen-containing functional groups and micro-rough structures.

[0064] S103. Stop bombardment and allow the diamond particles to cool to room temperature under vacuum. This design avoids secondary reactions of the high-temperature oxide layer and preserves the active sites.

[0065] By adopting the above technical solution, excellent processing results can be obtained, and the bonding strength between diamond particles and the metal binder phase can be significantly improved.

[0066] When a countersink manufactured using the countersink process described in this embodiment is used to process workpieces, the processing quality is significantly improved. By actively generating regular, uniform, and low-roughness concentric circle textures, it replaces the traditional disordered and random vibration marks, avoids microscopic tearing, improves the surface finish of bolt holes, and solves the stubborn problems of uneven preload and loosening. It precisely matches the processing requirements of sealing grooves for key components such as motor housings and battery trays in the new energy vehicle field, becoming the preferred tool for such high-precision processing scenarios and meeting the growing market demand for high-quality bolt connection processing.

[0067] When the countersink is used to process the sealing groove and positioning hole in this embodiment, a dimensional tolerance of ±0.005mm and extremely high roundness and cylindricity can be stably guaranteed. The O-ring sealing groove can be processed to form a regular groove shape with clear sharp corners and no collapsed edges.

[0068] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," "third," and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. The terms "an" or "a" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising" or "including" and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Above," "below," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0069] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A countersink blade, having a cutting edge, characterized in that, The blade portion has a row of serrations, and the bottom and top of the serrations are rounded. The surface of the blade facing the workpiece during processing is constructed as a first inclined surface, and a row of saw teeth is located on the first inclined surface; The blade is made of PCD.

2. A countersinking tool, characterized in that: The tool includes a tool holder and a countersinking blade as claimed in claim 1. The tool holder is made of diamond particles and a metal binder phase by hot pressing and sintering. The blade and the tool holder are welded and fixedly connected.

3. The countersinking cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hot pressing sintering temperature is 800-1050℃, the pressure is 15-50MPa, the time is 2-30 minutes, and the sintering atmosphere is vacuum sintering or inert gas protected sintering.

4. The countersinking cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the tool holder is constructed with a groove and a second inclined surface. The blade is located at the connection between the groove and the second inclined surface, and the lowest point of the second inclined surface is higher than the highest point of the first inclined surface.

5. The manufacturing process of the countersink according to claim 2, characterized in that, include: Diamond particles and metal binder are mixed evenly, and then rods are obtained by hot pressing and sintering. The sintering atmosphere is vacuum sintering or inert gas protected sintering. The hot pressing and sintering temperature is 800-1050℃, the pressure is 15-50MPa, and the time is 2-30 minutes. Processing bar stock into tool holders; The tool holder and the countersink blade of claim 1 are welded and fixedly connected; A row of serrations is machined on the countersink blade.

6. The manufacturing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diamond particles and the metal binder phase contain additives, including one or more of carbon nanotubes and graphene.

7. The manufacturing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before the diamond particles and the metal binder are mixed evenly, the diamond particles are treated with surfactants or pre-oxidized.

8. The manufacturing process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surfactant treatment includes: A surfactant is prepared by mixing a titanate coupling agent or a silane coupling agent with anhydrous ethanol, wherein the concentration of the titanate coupling agent or silane coupling agent in the surfactant is 0.5%-2%. The diamond particles were stirred and soaked in a surfactant for 30-60 minutes, while the temperature was maintained at room temperature to 60°C. After soaking, the diamond particles are vacuum dried at 60-80℃ for 2 hours.

9. The manufacturing process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pre-oxidation treatment includes: Place the diamond particles in a vacuum environment; While maintaining a temperature below 200℃, the diamond surface is bombarded with high-energy particles of oxygen plasma for 10-30 minutes. Stop bombarding and allow the diamond particles to cool to room temperature in a vacuum.

10. The manufacturing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: A row of serrations is machined on a countersink blade using a laser.

Images