A gear hobbing apparatus

Abstract

This invention discloses a gear hobbing device for a speed reducer, belonging to the field of gear blank processing. It includes a machine frame with an openable operating door, and a worktable and fixing components inside the frame. A gear hobbing unit is also installed within the frame. A centering mechanism is supported inside the frame via a lifting unit. This centering mechanism keeps the gear blank coaxial with the worktable, and its movement with the lifting unit achieves centered clamping of the gear blank. A detection mechanism is also integrated into the centering mechanism, which moves synchronously with the lifting unit to detect the levelness of the gear blank. This speed reducer gear hobbing device, through a liftable centering mechanism and a linear movement mechanism driving the clamping component, achieves coaxial alignment between the gear blank and the worktable, solving the problem of clamping center offset in existing equipment. The integrated detection mechanism in the centering mechanism synchronously detects levelness, avoiding deviations caused by wear of gear blank components and reducing the risk of clamping error transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear blank processing technology, and in particular to a gear hobbing device for a speed reducer. Background Technology

[0002] The gear hobbing of reducer gear blanks is mostly carried out using traditional CNC gear hobbing equipment. Its main structure includes a worktable, a support device and a clamping device for clamping the gear blank, a hobbing cutter assembly and a feed drive mechanism. During processing, the gear blank is placed on the support device, and after being axially clamped by the clamping device, the hobbing is completed by the hobbing cutter assembly feeding along the radial and axial directions of the gear blank.

[0003] Existing gear hobbing equipment lacks an active calibration structure for gear blank center alignment and a levelness guarantee mechanism during the gear blank clamping process. Due to the wear and tear of the gear blank's own reference tolerance, support components, and worktable rotation center positioning components after long-term use, center offset and levelness deviation are easily generated during gear blank clamping. This clamping error will be transmitted to the gear hobbing process, which may lead to radial runout of the gear ring and tooth direction error exceeding the allowable range after the gear blank is machined.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of this application concept, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a gear hobbing device for speed reducers to solve the technical problems of existing gear hobbing devices lacking calibration and level assurance during clamping, and easily causing gear blanks to be processed out of tolerance due to tolerance wear.

[0006] This invention adopts the following technical solution: a gear hobbing device for a speed reducer. It includes a frame with an openable operating door. Inside the frame is a worktable for supporting a gear blank and a fixing assembly for clamping the gear blank. The frame also houses a gear hobbing unit for machining the gear blank's tooth profile. Inside the frame, a centering mechanism is supported by a lifting unit. This centering mechanism keeps the gear blank coaxial with the worktable and can center and clamp the gear blank as the lifting unit moves. The centering mechanism also integrates a detection mechanism that moves synchronously with the lifting unit to detect the levelness of the gear blank.

[0007] Furthermore, the centering mechanism includes a support frame fixedly connected inside the equipment frame. A transverse frame is slidably arranged on the support frame. Two sets of sliding seats are driven to move closer or further apart on the transverse frame by a linear movement mechanism. An adjustment frame is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of each sliding seat. A dovetail groove is opened on the bottom surface of the adjustment frame. A clamping member slides in the dovetail groove. The clamping member is adapted to fit against the surface of the gear blank to achieve centering clamping.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping component includes a vertically arranged guide shaft one, which is slidably fitted into the dovetail groove via a dovetail block. A fixing frame is movably sleeved on the guide shaft one, and four sets of fixing frames are connected to a fixing panel. A T-shaped groove is formed on the bottom surface of the fixing frame, and the guide shaft one is slidably adapted into the T-shaped groove via a sliding pin block. A waist groove with a diameter matching that of the guide shaft one is formed on the upper end surface of the fixing frame. A guide shaft two is fixedly mounted on the side of the sliding pin block, and the guide shaft two movably passes through one end of the fixing frame. A return spring is sleeved on the guide shaft two. The two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to one end of the inner wall of the T-shaped groove and the side of the sliding pin block. A contact clamping block suitable for contacting the surface of the gear blank is fixed to one end of the guide shaft one. A pressure sensor is embedded at the contact position between the contact clamping block and the surface of the gear blank.

[0009] Furthermore, the linear movement mechanism includes a concave frame fixed to the bottom surface of the transverse frame. A bidirectional lead screw is mounted inside the concave frame through a bearing. Two sets of sliding seats are symmetrically threaded to the threaded sections at both ends of the bidirectional lead screw, and move synchronously in opposite directions as the bidirectional lead screw rotates.

[0010] Furthermore, pulleys are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the transverse frame, and the inner wall of the support frame is provided with a slide rail adapted to the pulleys. The pulleys slide along the slide rail to realize the lifting and lowering guidance of the transverse frame. The lifting unit includes a vertically arranged servo cylinder. The cylinder body end of the servo cylinder is fixedly connected to the support frame, and its piston rod end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the transverse frame, which is used to drive the transverse frame to lift and lower the centering mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the centering mechanism also includes a transmission gear fixed to one end of the bidirectional lead screw. The transmission gear is covered with a protective cover with an opening. The protective cover is fixedly connected to the transverse frame. The transmission gear is adapted to mesh with a rack. The transverse frame has a through groove for the transmission gear to mesh with part of the rack. The rack is fixed to the inner wall of the support frame by a support frame. The rack is arranged in a vertical direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the detection mechanism includes two sets of symmetrically arranged mounting boxes. The two sets of mounting boxes are correspondingly positioned between two sets of fixed frames on the same adjusting frame and fixed to the fixed panel. They are arranged in conjunction with the clamping components to be close to the upper surface of the gear blank. The side of each mounting box that is close to the other is open. A guide shaft three is vertically fixed to the bottom surface of its inner wall. A sliding block is movably sleeved on the guide shaft three. A contact block is fixed to the side of the sliding block. The contact block is adapted to contact the gear blank. A contact displacement sensor is mounted on the upper surface of the sliding block. The contact displacement sensor is electrically connected to the servo cylinder. The telescopic end of the contact displacement sensor is adapted to contact the top surface of the inner wall of the mounting box. A support spring is also sleeved on the guide shaft three. The two ends of the support spring are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting box and the bottom surface of the sliding block.

[0013] Furthermore, the gear hobbing unit includes a mounting base fixed inside the equipment frame, and a hob holder serving as a cutting execution component is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting base; a slider is provided on the hob holder, and a gearbox is integrated on the slider; a servo motor is driven to the power input end of the gearbox, the servo motor provides the power source and drives the gearbox to output power, and a hob is also rotatably supported on the slider, the shaft end of the hob being driven to the power output end of the gearbox through a pulley transmission unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixing component includes a support frame, which moves closer to / away from the worktable via a linear movement mechanism; a movable frame is slidably mounted on the vertical side of the support frame, and the movable frame can slide up and down along the vertical direction of the support frame; a pressing head is integrated at the end of the movable frame facing the worktable, which moves closer to the worktable as the movable frame slides, adapting to the pressing and fixing of the workpiece.

[0015] Furthermore, the worktable is located in the upper part of the equipment base, and a rotation center is integrated at the top center of the worktable to realize the positioning and rotation of the workpiece; a guide cover is integrated on the outer side of the base below the worktable to meet the needs of guiding chips or materials during the processing.

[0016] The above-mentioned at least one technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0017] A gear hobbing machine for speed reducers, by setting a centering mechanism that can rise and fall with the lifting unit within the machine frame, and cooperating with a linear movement mechanism to drive the clamping component, achieves coaxial alignment between the gear blank and the worktable. This solves the problem of clamping center offset caused by the lack of an active centering structure in existing equipment. At the same time, the detection mechanism integrated into the centering mechanism synchronously detects the levelness of the gear blank as it rises and falls, effectively avoiding horizontal deviation caused by wear of gear blank components, reducing the risk of clamping errors being transmitted to the gear hobbing process, reducing radial runout of the gear ring and excessive tooth direction error, and improving the stability of gear processing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0019] In the attached diagram:

[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a gear hobbing device for a speed reducer according to this application;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the equipment rack;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial structural diagram;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure;

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A;

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the centering mechanism.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 11. Equipment frame; 12. Operating door; 13. Mounting base; 14. Hob cutter holder; 15. Gearbox; 16. Servo motor; 17. Belt pulley drive unit; 18. Hob cutter; 2. Fixed components; 21. Worktable; 22. Material guide cover; 23. Rotation center; 24. Movable frame; 241. Press head; 25. Support frame; 3. Centering mechanism; 31. Support frame; 32. Servo cylinder; 33. Transverse frame; 34. Concave frame; 35. Two-way lead screw; 351. Transmission gear; 352. Protective cover; 36. Sliding seat; 37. Adjusting frame; 38. Fixed panel; 39. Fixed frame; 310. Sliding pin block; 311. Guide shaft one; 312. Contact clamp block; 313. Return spring; 314. Guide shaft two; 315. Support frame; 316. Rack; 4. Detection mechanism; 41. Mounting box; 42. Support spring; 43. Sliding block; 44. Contact block; 45. Guide shaft three; 46. Contact displacement sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0031] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Reference Figures 1-2 and Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides a gear hobbing device for a speed reducer, including a frame 11, a fixing component 2, a centering mechanism 3, and a detection mechanism 4. The frame 11 serves as the main support for the entire device, with an openable operating door 12 on its outer side. Inside the frame 11 is a worktable 21 for supporting the gear blank. The fixing component 2 is located inside the frame 11, correspondingly positioned above and to the side of the worktable 21, for clamping and positioning the gear blank from above and the side, ensuring the stability of the gear blank during processing. The frame 11 also includes a gear hobbing unit for machining the gear blank's tooth profile. This gear hobbing unit is positioned above or to the side of the worktable 21, adapting to the cutting requirements of the gear blank's tooth profile.

[0033] Reference Figures 6-8 As shown, the centering mechanism 3 in this invention is used to keep the gear blank and the worktable 21 coaxial, and moves up and down synchronously with the lifting unit to achieve the centering clamping of the gear blank; preferably, the centering mechanism 3 includes a support frame 31 fixedly connected inside the equipment frame 11, and a transverse frame 33 is slidably arranged on the inner side of the support frame 31 along the vertical direction, and the transverse frame 33 can move up and down along the support frame 31 with the lifting unit.

[0034] Two sets of sliding seats 36 are driven by a linear movement mechanism on the transverse frame 33. The two sets of sliding seats 36 can move closer to or further away from each other along the length of the transverse frame 33. An adjustment frame 37 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of each sliding seat 36. A dovetail groove is opened on the bottom surface of the adjustment frame 37. A clamping member slides inside the dovetail groove. The clamping member is adapted to fit against the end face or tooth surface of the gear blank. By moving the two sets of sliding seats 36 closer to or further away, the gear blanks of different specifications can be centered and clamped.

[0035] Reference Figures 7-8 As shown, the clamping component in this invention is used to cooperate with the centering mechanism 3 to achieve the centering and stable clamping of the gear blank. A preferred clamping component includes a vertically arranged guide shaft 311. One end of the guide shaft 311 is slidably fitted into a dovetail groove on the bottom surface of the adjusting frame 37 via a dovetail block. A fixing frame 39 is movably sleeved on the guide shaft 311, and four sets of fixing frames 39 are connected to the fixing panel 38. A T-shaped groove is provided on the bottom surface of the fixing frame 39, and the guide shaft 311 is slidably fitted into the T-shaped groove via a sliding pin 310. A waist groove matching the diameter of the guide shaft 311 is also provided on the upper end surface of the fixing frame 39, providing space for the displacement of the guide shaft 311.

[0036] A guide shaft 314 is fixedly provided on the side of the sliding pin block 310. The guide shaft 314 movably passes through one end of the fixed frame 39, and a return spring 313 is sleeved on the guide shaft 314. The two ends of the return spring 313 are respectively connected to one end of the inner wall of the T-shaped slide groove and the side of the sliding pin block 310. The position adjustment of the sliding pin block 310 can be realized by elastic reset. A contact clamping block 312 is fixed at one end of the guide shaft 311. The contact clamping block 312 is suitable for contacting the surface of the gear blank to achieve clamping. A pressure sensor is embedded at the contact position between the contact clamping block 312 and the surface of the gear blank, which can monitor the clamping force status in real time.

[0037] In actual use, the centering mechanism 3 drives the clamping component to move closer to the gear blank on the worktable 21. The two sets of adjusting frames 37 move towards each other synchronously with the corresponding sliding seats 36, accurately translating towards the gear blank. During this process, the guide shaft 311 slides flexibly along the dovetail groove on the bottom surface of the adjusting frame 37 through the dovetail block at its end, driving the contact clamping block 312 to smoothly approach the surface of the gear blank, thus pre-positioning it for subsequent clamping.

[0038] If the gear blank has misalignment or other deviations, after the four sets of contact clamping blocks 312 sequentially contact the surface of the gear blank, they will adapt to the actual placement position of the gear blank through the elastic adjustment of the guide shaft 311, the sliding pin block 310, and the return spring 313, gradually correcting the deviation, and finally achieving centered clamping of the gear blank, ensuring that it remains coaxial with the worktable 21. At the same time, the pressure sensor embedded in the contact clamping block 312 collects clamping force data in real time. When the clamping force reaches the preset stable threshold, the drive component of the centering mechanism 3 immediately stops operating, ensuring stable clamping and avoiding over-clamping damage to the gear blank.

[0039] Reference Figures 6-7 As shown, in this invention, the linear movement mechanism 1 is used to drive the two sets of sliding seats 36 to move synchronously, thereby driving the clamping component to complete the centering and clamping action of the gear blank; as a preferred linear movement mechanism 1, it includes a concave frame 34 fixed to the bottom surface of the transverse frame 33. A bidirectional lead screw 35 is mounted inside the concave frame 34 through a bearing. The two sets of sliding seats 36 are symmetrically threaded to the threaded sections with opposite directions at both ends of the bidirectional lead screw 35, and the size of the sliding seat 36 is consistent with the cross-sectional size of the concave frame 34, forming a guide sliding fit;

[0040] To ensure the stability of the centering mechanism 3 during its lifting process, pulleys (not shown in the figure) are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the transverse frame 33. The inner wall of the support frame 31 is provided with a slide rail adapted to the pulleys. The pulleys slide along the slide rail, providing guidance and constraint for the lifting action of the transverse frame 33 and preventing deviation. The lifting unit that drives the transverse frame 33 to lift includes a vertically arranged servo cylinder 32. The cylinder body end of the servo cylinder 32 is fixedly connected to the support frame 31, and its piston rod end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the transverse frame 33. It can drive the transverse frame 33 to lift the centering mechanism 3 as a whole, so as to realize the alignment of the clamping component with the gear blank on the worktable 21.

[0041] Reference Figures 6-8 As shown, in order to maintain the driving linkage of the linear movement mechanism 1 synchronously during the lifting and lowering process of the centering mechanism 3, the centering mechanism 3 also includes a transmission gear 351 fixed to one end of the bidirectional lead screw 35; the transmission gear 351 is covered with a protective cover 352 with an opening, and the protective cover 352 is fixedly connected to the transverse frame 33, which can protect the transmission gear 351, while reserving the opening space for meshing transmission.

[0042] The transmission gear 351 is adapted to mesh with the rack 316. A through slot is provided on the transverse frame 33 for the transmission gear 351 and part of the rack 316 to pass through and maintain meshing. The rack 316 is fixed to the inner wall of the support frame 31 by the support frame 315 and is arranged vertically. When the transverse frame 33 rises and falls with the lifting unit, the transmission gear 351 will roll and rotate synchronously along the vertically arranged rack 316, thereby driving the bidirectional lead screw 35 to rotate, realizing the automatic displacement adjustment of the sliding seat 36, so that the lifting action of the centering mechanism 3 and the opening and closing action of the clamping component are linked and adapted.

[0043] Reference Figure 7 As shown, the detection mechanism 4 in this invention is used to pre-detect the placement state of the gear blank before hobbing, and to determine in real time whether the gear blank is in a horizontal placement state, so as to avoid the subsequent hobbing machining accuracy being affected by the gear blank not being placed horizontally, and to ensure the machining quality of the hobbing process; preferably, the detection mechanism 4 includes two sets of symmetrically arranged mounting boxes 41, which are correspondingly set between two sets of fixing frames 39 on the same adjusting frame 37 and fixed on the fixing panel 38, and arranged in cooperation with the clamping member to be close to the upper surface of the gear blank.

[0044] The mounting box 41 has an open side with a guide shaft 45 vertically fixed to its inner bottom wall. A sliding block 43 is movably sleeved on the guide shaft 45, and a contact block 44 is fixed on the side of the sliding block 43. The contact block 44 is adapted to contact the end face of the gear blank and moves synchronously with the horizontal state of the gear blank. A contact displacement sensor 46 is mounted on the upper surface of the sliding block 43. The contact displacement sensor 46 is electrically connected to the servo cylinder 32. The telescopic end of the contact displacement sensor 46 is adapted to contact the top surface of the inner wall of the mounting box 41 and can capture the displacement change of the sliding block 43. A support spring 42 is also sleeved on the guide shaft 45. The two ends of the support spring 42 are connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting box 41 and the bottom surface of the sliding block 43, respectively, to provide elastic reset support for the sliding block 43, so that the contact block 44 always fits against the end face of the gear blank and ensures the continuity of the detection data.

[0045] Reference Figures 3-4 As shown, the hobbing unit in this invention is used to perform tooth profile cutting on the gear blank on the worktable 21; as a preferred hobbing unit, it includes a mounting base 13 fixed inside the equipment frame 11, a hobbing cutter holder 14 fixed on the side of the mounting base 13, a slider that can slide along its guide rail on the hobbing cutter holder 14, a gearbox 15 integrated on the slider, and a servo motor 16 connected to the power input end of the gearbox 15, the servo motor 16 provides power and drives the internal transmission mechanism of the gearbox 15 to output power;

[0046] The slider is also rotatably supported by a hob 18. The shaft end of the hob 18 is connected to the power output end of the gearbox 15 via the belt pulley transmission unit 17. It can rotate at high speed with the power output of the gearbox 15. In conjunction with the displacement of the slider along the hob holder 14, it completes the tooth profile machining of the gear blank.

[0047] Reference Figure 5 As shown, in this invention, the fixing component 2 is used to assist in pressing and fixing the gear blank on the worktable 21 during gear processing, so as to prevent it from being displaced due to cutting force. Preferably, the fixing component 2 includes a support frame 25. The bottom of the support frame 25 realizes the lateral approach / remote movement with the worktable 21 through a linear movement mechanism two (not shown in the figure), which can adapt to the pressing range of gear blanks of different sizes. It should be noted that the linear movement mechanism two and the linear movement mechanism one have similar structures, that is, they adopt a one-way screw and slide block drive form. The screw rotation drives the support frame 25 to move laterally along the guide rail of the equipment base.

[0048] A movable frame 24 is slidably mounted on the vertical side of the support frame 25. The movable frame 24 can slide up and down along the vertical guide rail of the support frame 25 to adjust the holding height. This vertical sliding structure can be driven by a servo electric cylinder or ball screw to adapt to the holding requirements of gear blanks of different thicknesses. The end of the movable frame 24 facing the worktable 21 is integrated with a holding head 241. Its end face is usually made of wear-resistant rubber or hard alloy material. It can slide vertically with the movable frame 24 towards the worktable 21 to fit the end face of the gear blank. Together with the positioning structure of the worktable 21, it forms a fixed effect of upper and lower clamping, effectively offsetting the radial and axial cutting forces during gear hobbing.

[0049] In order to achieve positioning and chip removal during the gear blank machining process, the worktable 21 is located in the upper area of ​​the equipment base, and a rotary center 23 is integrated at the top center. The rotary center 23 is adapted to the center hole of the gear blank, which can not only achieve rapid positioning of the workpiece, but also drive the gear blank to make uniform rotational motion under the drive of the servo motor 16, providing a rotation reference for the cutting process of the hobbing unit.

[0050] The outer side of the base under the worktable 21 is integrated with a guide cover 22. The guide cover 22 is flared inward and narrows inward. Its inner wall is made of smooth and wear-resistant stainless steel. The bottom of the cover is provided with an inclined guide surface, which can quickly guide the metal chips and cutting fluid generated during gear hobbing to the chip discharge port of the equipment base, avoiding the accumulation of chips on the surface of the worktable 21 or the gear blank processing area. This not only ensures the cleanliness of the processing environment, but also prevents the chips from scratching the surface of the gear blank or affecting the normal operation of the cutting tool, thereby improving processing stability and subsequent cleaning efficiency.

[0051] Working principle: After the equipment is started, it first enters the feeding and centering positioning stage. The operator places the gear blank to be processed on the rotation center 23 of the worktable 21, and the rotation center 23 and the center hole of the gear blank are matched to achieve initial centering. Then the servo cylinder 32 of the lifting unit is activated, driving the transverse frame 33 to slide down the slide along the inner wall of the support frame 31; during this process, the transmission gear 351 at one end of the bidirectional lead screw 35 rolls and rotates synchronously along the vertically arranged rack 316, driving the bidirectional lead screw 35 to rotate, so that the two sets of sliding seats 36 move synchronously towards each other along the concave frame 34, thereby driving the adjusting frame 37 and the clamping parts to move closer to the gear blank.

[0052] Guide shaft 311 slides along the dovetail groove of adjusting frame 37 via dovetail blocks, causing four sets of contact clamping blocks 312 to gradually conform to the surface of gear blank. Simultaneously, detection mechanism 4 starts synchronously, and contact blocks 44 inside mounting box 41 remain in contact with the end face of gear blank under the elastic action of support spring 42. With the lifting action driven by servo cylinder 32, contact blocks 44 drive sliding blocks 43 to move up and down along guide shaft 45. Contact displacement sensor 46 captures the relative displacement between the telescopic end and the top surface of the inner wall of mounting box 41, providing real-time feedback on the horizontal state of the gear blank. If the detection fails, the equipment immediately issues a warning; if it passes, the centering and clamping process continues. If the gear blank is misaligned, the contact clamping block 312 will be elastically adjusted through the guide shaft 311, the sliding pin block 310, and the return spring 313 to adaptively correct the deviation. At the same time, the pressure sensor embedded in the contact clamping block 312 monitors the clamping force in real time. When the preset threshold is reached, the lifting unit and the linear movement mechanism 1 stop moving, completing the coaxial positioning of the gear blank and the worktable 21, and then entering the fixing stage. The linear movement mechanism 2 drives the support frame 25 to move laterally closer to the worktable 21. Then, the movable frame 24 slides down along the vertical guide rail of the support frame 25, driving the pressing head 241 to fit against the end face of the gear blank, forming a fixed structure for pressing from above, which can effectively counteract the cutting force of subsequent processing. At the same time, the guide cover 22 under the worktable 21 enters the standby state, preparing for subsequent chip removal.

[0053] After fixing, the equipment enters the gear hobbing stage. The servo motor 16 of the gear hobbing unit starts, and the power is reduced and increased in torque by the gearbox 15, then drives the hob 18 to rotate through the belt pulley transmission unit 17; at the same time, the slider on the hob holder 14 moves along the guide rail to precisely adjust the cutting position of the hob 18 and the gear blank. The worktable 21 drives the gear blank to rotate at a uniform speed under the drive of the rotation center 23, and the hob 18 and the gear blank are linked according to the preset transmission ratio to realize the progressive cutting of the tooth shape. During the processing, the guide cover 22 can quickly guide the generated metal chips and cutting fluid along the inclined guide surface to the chip discharge port of the equipment base, effectively avoiding chip accumulation that affects the processing accuracy and the stability of equipment operation. After processing, the components are reset in reverse order, the operator takes out the processed gear, and the equipment completes one complete gear hobbing cycle.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear hobbing apparatus for a reduction gearbox, characterized by: The equipment includes a frame (11) equipped with an openable operating door (12). Inside the frame (11) is a worktable (21) for carrying gear blanks and a fixing assembly (2) for clamping gear blanks. Inside the frame (11) is a gear hobbing unit for gear blank tooth profile machining. Inside the frame (11) is a centering mechanism (3) supported by a lifting unit. The centering mechanism (3) is used to keep the gear blank and the worktable (21) coaxial, and the centering mechanism (3) can achieve centering clamping of the gear blank with the lifting unit. The centering mechanism (3) also integrates a detection mechanism (4), which moves synchronously with the lifting unit to detect the levelness of the gear blank. The centering mechanism (3) includes a support frame (31) fixedly connected inside the equipment frame (11). A transverse frame (33) is slidably arranged on the support frame (31). Two sets of sliding seats (36) are driven to move closer or further apart on the transverse frame (33) by a linear movement mechanism. An adjustment frame (37) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of each sliding seat (36). A dovetail groove is opened on the bottom surface of the adjustment frame (37). A clamping member slides in the dovetail groove. The clamping member is adapted to fit against the surface of the gear blank to achieve centering clamping. The clamping component includes a vertically arranged guide shaft (311), which is slidably fitted into the dovetail groove via a dovetail block. A fixing frame (39) is movably sleeved on the guide shaft (311), and four sets of fixing frames (39) are connected to a fixing panel (38). A T-shaped groove is provided on the bottom surface of the fixing frame (39), and the guide shaft (311) is slidably fitted into the T-shaped groove via a sliding pin (310). A waist groove with a diameter matching that of the guide shaft (311) is provided on the upper end surface of the fixing frame (39). A guide shaft two (314) is fixedly provided on the side of the pin block (310). The guide shaft two (314) movably passes through one end of the fixed frame (39), and a return spring (313) is sleeved on the guide shaft two (314). The two ends of the return spring (313) are respectively connected to one end of the inner wall of the T-shaped slide groove and the side of the sliding pin block (310). One end of the guide shaft one (311) is fixed with a contact clamp (312) suitable for contacting the surface of the gear blank. A pressure sensor is embedded at the contact position of the contact clamp (312) and the surface of the gear blank. The linear movement mechanism includes a concave frame (34) fixed to the bottom surface of the transverse frame (33). A bidirectional lead screw (35) is mounted inside the concave frame (34) through a bearing. Two sets of sliding seats (36) are symmetrically threaded to the threaded sections at both ends of the bidirectional lead screw (35) and move synchronously in opposite directions or in opposite directions as the bidirectional lead screw (35) rotates. The centering mechanism (3) also includes a transmission gear (351) fixed to one end of the bidirectional lead screw (35), the transmission gear (351) being adapted to mesh with a rack (316), the rack (316) being arranged in a vertical direction. The testing mechanism (4) includes two sets of symmetrically arranged mounting boxes (41). The two sets of mounting boxes (41) are respectively set between two sets of fixed frames (39) on the same adjusting frame (37) and fixed on the fixed panel (38). They are arranged in conjunction with the clamping parts to be close to the upper surface of the gear blank. The side of the mounting boxes (41) that is close to each other is open. A guide shaft three (45) is vertically fixed on the bottom surface of its inner wall. A sliding block (43) is movably sleeved on the guide shaft three (45). A contact block (4) is fixed on the side of the sliding block (43). 4) The contact block (44) is adapted to contact the gear blank; the upper surface of the sliding block (43) is equipped with a contact displacement sensor (46), the contact displacement sensor (46) is electrically connected to the servo cylinder (32), and the telescopic end of the contact displacement sensor (46) is adapted to contact the top surface of the inner wall of the mounting box (41); a support spring (42) is also sleeved on the guide shaft (45), and the two ends of the support spring (42) are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the mounting box (41) and the bottom surface of the sliding block (43).

2. A gear hobbing apparatus for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized by: The transverse frame (33) is symmetrically equipped with pulleys on both sides. The inner wall of the support frame (31) is provided with a slide rail adapted to the pulleys. The pulleys slide along the slide rail to realize the lifting and lowering guidance of the transverse frame (33). The lifting unit includes a vertically arranged servo cylinder (32). The cylinder body end of the servo cylinder (32) is fixedly connected to the support frame (31), and its piston rod end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the transverse frame (33) to drive the transverse frame (33) to drive the centering mechanism (3) to lift and lower as a whole.

3. The gear hobbing equipment for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission gear (351) is covered with a protective cover (352) with an opening. The protective cover (352) is fixedly connected to the transverse frame (33). The transverse frame (33) has a through groove for the transmission gear (351) to mesh with part of the rack (316). The rack (316) is fixed to the inner wall of the support frame (31) by a support frame (315).

4. The gear hobbing equipment for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear hobbing unit includes a mounting base (13) fixed inside the equipment frame (11). A hob holder (14) serving as a cutting execution component is fixed on the side of the mounting base (13). A slider is provided on the hob holder (14), and a gearbox (15) is integrated on the slider. A servo motor (16) is driven to the power input end of the gearbox (15). The servo motor (16) provides the power source and drives the gearbox (15) to output power. A hob (18) is also rotatably supported on the slider. The shaft end of the hob (18) is driven to the power output end of the gearbox (15) through a belt pulley transmission unit (17).

5. A gear hobbing device for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing component (2) includes a support frame (25), which moves closer to / away from the worktable (21) via a linear movement mechanism. A movable frame (24) is slidably mounted on the vertical side of the support frame (25), and the movable frame (24) can slide up and down along the vertical direction of the support frame (25). A pressing head (241) is integrated at one end of the movable frame (24) facing the worktable (21), which can move closer to the worktable (21) as the movable frame (24) slides, adapting to the pressing and fixing of the workpiece.

6. The gear hobbing equipment for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The worktable (21) is located in the upper part of the equipment base, and a rotary center (23) is integrated at the top center to realize the positioning and rotation of the workpiece; a guide cover (22) is integrated on the outer side of the base below the worktable (21) to meet the chip or material guiding requirements in the processing process.

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