A device for treating arsenic pollutants in beneficiation wastewater and a preparation method of an adsorbent thereof

Abstract

The application provides an arsenic pollutant treatment device for mineral processing wastewater and a preparation method of an adsorbent thereof. The arsenic pollutant treatment device for mineral processing wastewater comprises a base, and a reaction box fixed to the base, which is used for containing the mineral processing wastewater and putting in the adsorbent to make the adsorption reaction between the mineral processing wastewater and the adsorbent. The arsenic pollutant treatment device for mineral processing wastewater and the preparation method of the adsorbent thereof can be used for different concentrations and complexities of the mineral processing wastewater, can effectively reduce the arsenic content in the mineral processing wastewater to below the discharge standard, and can guarantee the environmental safety. Through the initial state stirring operation, the wastewater and the adsorbent can be fully contacted. Through the first extension of the pushing assembly, the filter plate can be displaced to the bottom of the discharge slot, so that the device can be switched from the stirring state to the solid-liquid separation state, and the adsorbent can be recycled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, and more particularly to a device for treating arsenic pollutants in mineral processing wastewater and a method for preparing the adsorbent thereof. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industrial processes, water reuse rate is a crucial indicator and an essential requirement for water resource protection. Lead and zinc are important non-ferrous metals with a wide range of applications. Lead and zinc ore beneficiation processes generate large amounts of wastewater. This wastewater, especially residual reagents, possesses complex chemical properties. Different beneficiation reagents exhibit varying degrees of toxicity; for example, heavy metal salts are highly toxic, and xanthate, a collector in zinc flotation, can inhibit the human central nervous system. Direct discharge without treatment will damage the ecological environment and directly impact normal human life.

[0003] Lead-zinc ore beneficiation wastewater contains high concentrations of dissolved arsenic pollutants, among which highly toxic trivalent arsenic is a major challenge to treat due to its strong mobility and high stability. Currently, the main methods for treating and recovering lead-zinc ore beneficiation wastewater in China include natural sedimentation, coagulation sedimentation, and adsorption.

[0004] Traditional adsorption processes use adsorption devices for treatment. However, current adsorption devices face multiple limitations. After the adsorbent is added and reacts with the mineral processing wastewater, it adheres to the inner wall of the device after the wastewater is discharged, making it difficult to recover the adsorbent and reducing the recovery rate.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device for treating arsenic pollutants in mineral processing wastewater and a method for preparing the adsorbent thereon to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a device for treating arsenic pollutants in mineral processing wastewater and a method for preparing the adsorbent thereon, which solves the problem that the adsorbent adheres to the inner wall of the device, making it difficult to recover the adsorbent and reducing the recovery rate of the adsorbent.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the arsenic pollutant treatment device for mineral processing wastewater provided by the present invention includes: a base;

[0008] A reaction chamber is fixed on the base. The reaction chamber is used to contain mineral processing wastewater and add adsorbent to allow adsorption reaction between the mineral processing wastewater and the adsorbent. A top plate is installed on the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and a feed chute is installed on the top plate. A discharge chute is rotatably connected to the bottom of the reaction chamber.

[0009] A stirring assembly is installed on the top plate and is used for stirring during the adsorption reaction between mineral processing wastewater and adsorbent.

[0010] A pushing component is mounted on the top plate, and a driving component is mounted on the pushing component. The pushing component is used to drive the driving component to move vertically and linearly, and the driving component is used to drive the stirring component to rotate.

[0011] A rotary filter assembly is installed on the top of the base. In its initial state, the rotary filter assembly abuts against the discharge chute to block the discharge chute.

[0012] A striking assembly, which is mounted on the top plate, is used to strike the inner wall of the reaction chamber.

[0013] An inner scraper is fixed to the discharge trough and is used to scrape the inner wall of the reaction tank.

[0014] A cleaning assembly is installed at the bottom of the reaction chamber and is used to clean the rotary filter assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft and stirring blades, the stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the top plate, the stirring blades are fixed to the outer surface of the stirring shaft, and the interior of the stirring shaft is hollow.

[0016] Preferably, the pushing assembly includes a fixed plate, a pushing member, a movable plate, a connecting plate, and a protrusion. The fixed plate is fixed to the top of the top plate, the pushing member is fixed to the fixed plate, the movable plate is slidably connected to the fixed plate, the output end of the pushing member is fixedly connected to the movable plate, the connecting plate is fixed to the movable plate, and the protrusion is fixed to the connecting plate.

[0017] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a driving member, a driving rod, a first gear, and a driving plate. The driving member is fixed to the movable plate, the driving rod is fixed to the output shaft of the driving member, the driving rod passes through the stirring shaft and is slidably connected to the stirring shaft, the first gear is fixed to the outer surface of the driving rod, and the driving plate is fixed to the bottom end of the driving rod.

[0018] Preferably, the rotary filter assembly includes a rotating rod, a fixed block, a rotating cylinder, a chute, a sealing plate, a filter plate, and a discharge hole. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the top of the base, the fixed block is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod and fixed to the reaction chamber, the rotating cylinder is fixed to the top of the rotating rod, the chute is formed on the rotating cylinder, the sealing plate is fixed to the rotating rod and abuts against the discharge chute to seal it, the filter plate is mounted on the sealing plate, and the discharge hole is formed on the sealing plate.

[0019] Preferably, the striking assembly includes a mounting plate, a rotating toothed sleeve, an eccentric wheel, and a displacement structure. The mounting plate is fixed to the top of the top plate, the rotating toothed sleeve is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, the eccentric wheel is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating toothed sleeve, and the displacement structure is mounted on the mounting plate.

[0020] Preferably, the displacement structure includes a mounting frame, a displacement block, a displacement rod, an elastic element, an inclined block, and a striking block. The mounting frame is fixed to the mounting plate, the displacement block is slidably connected within the mounting frame, the displacement rod is fixed to the displacement block, the elastic element is sleeved on the displacement rod, the inclined block is fixed to one end of the displacement rod, and the striking block is fixed to the other end of the displacement rod.

[0021] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes a rotating rod, a cleaning brush, a second gear, and a third gear. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the reaction chamber, the cleaning brush is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating rod, the second gear is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating rod, and the third gear is fixed to the outer surface of the discharge trough. The outer surfaces of the second gear and the third gear mesh.

[0022] This invention also provides a method for preparing an adsorbent, which is used to prepare the adsorbent and add it to the arsenic pollutant treatment device in the mineral processing wastewater to achieve the treatment of the mineral processing wastewater, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1. High-iron red mud, calcium source, and aluminum hydroxide from the alumina industry are selected as the main raw materials.

[0024] S2. Mix the pre-measured red mud, aluminum hydroxide and calcium source evenly in a certain ratio, slowly add deionized water and stir to prepare a mixed slurry, and then load the mixed slurry into a planetary or horizontal ball mill for mechanochemical reaction.

[0025] S3. After ball milling activation, the solid product is recovered by filtration, and then dried and dehydrated by oven drying or freeze drying.

[0026] S4. After drying, the product is lightly ground to break up the agglomerates and obtain a red mud-based calcium-aluminum composite adsorbent with uniform particle size, namely the adsorbent.

[0027] Preferably, the calcium source is at least one of calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, or calcium carbonate.

[0028] Compared with related technologies, the arsenic pollutant treatment device for mineral processing wastewater and the preparation method of the adsorbent provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention provides a device for treating arsenic pollutants in mineral processing wastewater and a method for preparing the adsorbent. The invention involves adding the adsorbent to the mineral processing wastewater for adsorption, applicable to wastewaters of varying concentrations and complexities. It effectively reduces the arsenic content in the wastewater to below emission standards, ensuring environmental safety. Initial stirring ensures sufficient contact between the wastewater and the adsorbent. The first extension of the component moves the filter plate forward to the bottom of the discharge trough, switching the device from stirring to solid-liquid separation for easier adsorbent recovery. Further extension moves the discharge port to the discharge trough, switching the device from solid-liquid separation to discharge for easier adsorbent collection. Simultaneously, the rotation of the drive component triggers a striking component that impacts the inner wall of the reaction chamber, dislodging the adsorbent and driving a scraper to clean the inner wall, improving adsorbent recovery. The scraper rotation, along with the cleaning component, cleans the filter plate, facilitating future use and reducing water blockage or clogging. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the arsenic pollutant treatment device for mineral processing wastewater and the preparation method of the adsorbent provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the rotating filter assembly.

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The top view of the reaction chamber shown;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the reaction chamber shown;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of part A shown below;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the striking component.

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of the displacement structure shown.

[0037] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the initial state of the component;

[0038] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the initial extension of the component;

[0039] Figure 10 A schematic diagram illustrating the state of the component extending again;

[0040] Figure 11 SEM image of the adsorbent material provided by this invention.

[0041] Numbering on the map:

[0042] 1. Base, 2. Reaction chamber, 3. Top plate, 4. Feed chute, 5. Discharge chute;

[0043] 6. Stirring assembly; 61. Stirring shaft; 62. Stirring blades;

[0044] 7. Pushing component; 71. Fixed plate; 72. Pushing part; 73. Moving plate; 74. Connecting plate; 75. Protrusion;

[0045] 8. Drive assembly; 81. Drive component; 82. Drive rod; 83. First gear; 84. Drive plate;

[0046] 9. Rotary filter assembly; 91. Rotating rod; 92. Fixed block; 93. Rotating cylinder; 94. Slide groove; 95. Sealing plate; 96. Filter plate; 97. Discharge hole.

[0047] 10. Striking assembly; 101. Mounting plate; 102. Rotating gear sleeve; 103. Eccentric wheel; 104. Displacement structure; 1041. Mounting frame; 1042. Displacement block; 1043. Displacement rod; 1044. Elastic element; 1045. Inclined block; 1046. Striking block.

[0048] 11. Inner scraper;

[0049] 12. Cleaning component; 121. Rotating rod; 122. Cleaning brush; 123. Second gear; 124. Third gear. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0051] First Embodiment

[0052] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-10The present invention provides an arsenic pollutant treatment device for mineral processing wastewater, comprising: a base 1;

[0053] The reaction chamber 2 is fixed on the base 1. The reaction chamber 2 is used to contain mineral processing wastewater and add adsorbent to allow the mineral processing wastewater and adsorbent to adsorb and react. The inner wall of the reaction chamber 2 is equipped with a top plate 3, and a feed chute 4 is installed on the top plate 3. The bottom of the reaction chamber 2 is rotatably connected to a discharge chute 5.

[0054] A stirring assembly 6 is installed on the top plate 3 and is used for stirring during the adsorption reaction between mineral processing wastewater and adsorbent.

[0055] A pushing component 7 is mounted on the top plate 3. A driving component 8 is mounted on the pushing component 7. The pushing component 7 is used to drive the driving component 8 to move vertically and linearly. The driving component 8 is used to drive the stirring component 6 to rotate.

[0056] A rotary filter assembly 9 is installed on the top of the base 1. In the initial state, the rotary filter assembly 9 abuts against the discharge chute 5 to block the discharge chute 5.

[0057] A striking component 10 is mounted on the top plate 3 and is used to strike the inner wall of the reaction chamber 2.

[0058] An inner scraper 11 is fixed to the discharge trough 5 and is used to scrape the inner wall of the reaction tank 2.

[0059] Cleaning component 12 is installed at the bottom of the reaction chamber 2 and is used to clean the rotary filter component 9.

[0060] In this embodiment, the reaction chamber 2 is also equipped with a control panel, which is electrically connected to all electrical components in the device via an external power source.

[0061] In this embodiment, the discharge trough 5 extends into the interior of the reaction chamber 2 and is fixedly connected to the inner scraper 11, which is in close contact with the inner wall of the reaction chamber 2.

[0062] In this embodiment, the inner scraper 11 has an inner groove in the middle and the inner groove is aligned with the drive plate 84. When the drive plate 84 moves downward into the inner groove, as the drive plate 84 rotates, the drive plate 84 will abut against the inner scraper 11, causing the inner scraper 11 to rotate.

[0063] Please refer to the following: Figure 6The stirring assembly 6 includes a stirring shaft 61 and a stirring blade 62. The stirring shaft 61 is rotatably connected to the top plate 3, and the stirring blade 62 is fixed to the outer surface of the stirring shaft 61. The stirring shaft 61 is hollow inside.

[0064] In this embodiment, the stirring shaft 61 passes through the top plate 3 and is rotatably connected to the top plate 3. The stirring shaft 61 is located inside the rotating gear sleeve 102.

[0065] Preferably, there are two stirring blades 62, which drive the fluid to move axially and radially by rotation, thereby achieving mixing and stirring of materials.

[0066] Please refer to the following: Figure 8 In its initial state, the device is in a stirring state. When in use, the rotation of the drive rod 82 can drive the stirring shaft 61 to rotate, thereby causing the stirring blades 62 to rotate and stir the mineral processing wastewater, so that the mineral processing wastewater and the adsorbent can fully adsorb and react.

[0067] Please refer to the following: Figure 4 The pushing assembly 7 includes a fixed plate 71, a pushing member 72, a moving plate 73, a connecting plate 74, and a protrusion 75. The fixed plate 71 is fixed to the top of the top plate 3, the pushing member 72 is fixed to the fixed plate 71, the moving plate 73 is slidably connected to the fixed plate 71, the output end of the pushing member 72 is fixedly connected to the moving plate 73, the connecting plate 74 is fixed to the moving plate 73, and the protrusion 75 is fixed to the connecting plate 74.

[0068] In this embodiment, the pushing component 72 includes, but is not limited to, an electric push rod, a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a linear motor, as long as it can drive the moving plate 73 to move linearly up and down.

[0069] Furthermore, the protrusion 75 is adapted to the groove 94, and the protrusion 75 slides inside the groove 94.

[0070] In use, the extension of the pusher 72 can drive the moving plate 73 to move downward, which in turn causes the connecting plate 74 to move downward, thereby driving the drive member 81 and the protrusion 75 to move downward, and thus driving the protrusion 75 and the drive rod 82 to move linearly up and down.

[0071] Please refer to it again. Figure 4 The drive assembly 8 includes a drive member 81, a drive rod 82, a first gear 83, and a drive plate 84. The drive member 81 is fixed to the movable plate 73, the drive rod 82 is fixed to the output shaft of the drive member 81, the drive rod 82 is inserted into the stirring shaft 61 and slidably connected to the stirring shaft 61, the first gear 83 is fixed to the outer surface of the drive rod 82, and the drive plate 84 is fixed to the bottom end of the drive rod 82.

[0072] In this embodiment, the driving component 81 includes, but is not limited to, a motor, a drive motor, a hydraulic motor, etc., and only needs to drive the drive rod 82 to rotate.

[0073] In this embodiment, an anti-rotation structure is also installed between the drive rod 82 and the stirring shaft 61. The anti-rotation structure includes at least one anti-rotation groove and an anti-rotation block. The anti-rotation groove is opened on the inner surface of the stirring shaft 61 (in a vertical state). The anti-rotation block is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drive rod 82 and slidably connected to the anti-rotation groove. This ensures that when the drive rod 82 slides up and down on the inner surface of the stirring shaft 61, it can also drive the stirring shaft 61 to rotate, thus avoiding slippage.

[0074] In use, the rotation of the driving component 81 can drive the driving rod 82 to rotate, which in turn drives the first gear 83 and the driving plate 84 to rotate. The rotation of the driving rod 82 can drive the stirring shaft 61 to rotate, thereby achieving stirring.

[0075] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 The rotary filter assembly 9 includes a rotating rod 91, a fixing block 92, a rotating cylinder 93, a sliding groove 94, a sealing plate 95, a filter plate 96, and a discharge hole 97. The rotating rod 91 is rotatably connected to the top of the base 1. The fixing block 92 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod 91 and is fixed to the reaction chamber 2. The rotating cylinder 93 is fixed to the top of the rotating rod 91. The sliding groove 94 is formed on the rotating cylinder 93. The sealing plate 95 is fixed to the rotating rod 91 and abuts against the discharge chute 5 to seal the discharge chute 5. The filter plate 96 is installed on the sealing plate 95, and the discharge hole 97 is formed on the sealing plate 95.

[0076] In this embodiment, the filter plate 96 is detachably connected to the sealing plate 95, thereby facilitating the disassembly of the filter plate 96.

[0077] In this embodiment, the fixing block 92 provides support for the rotating rod 91, thereby improving its stability.

[0078] Furthermore, a sealing gasket is provided on the sealing plate 95 to ensure the sealing performance when the discharge chute 5 is blocked.

[0079] In use, when the pusher 72 drives the protrusion 75 to move downward, it will drive the rotating cylinder 93 to rotate through the slide groove 94, thereby driving the rotating rod 91 to rotate, which in turn causes the sealing plate 95 to swing, which in turn drives the filter plate 96 and the discharge hole 97 to move forward in a circular motion. When the filter plate 96 is aligned with the discharge trough 5, the solid-liquid separation effect can be achieved. When the discharge hole 97 is aligned with the discharge trough 5, the discharge effect can be achieved, which facilitates the collection of adsorbent.

[0080] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 and Figure 6 The striking assembly 10 includes a mounting plate 101, a rotating toothed sleeve 102, an eccentric wheel 103, and a displacement structure 104. The mounting plate 101 is fixed to the top of the top plate 3. The rotating toothed sleeve 102 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 101. The eccentric wheel 103 is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating toothed sleeve 102. The displacement structure 104 is mounted on the mounting plate 101.

[0081] In this embodiment, the rotating gear sleeve 102 is adapted to the first gear 83, and the two are on the same meshing surface.

[0082] In use, when the pusher 72 drives the drive member 81 to move downward, it will drive the drive rod 82 to move downward, thereby causing the first gear 83 to move downward and mesh with the rotating gear sleeve 102. When the drive member 81 rotates, it will indirectly drive the first gear 83 to rotate, thereby causing the rotating gear sleeve 102 to rotate and drive the eccentric wheel 103 to rotate. When the eccentric wheel 103 contacts the displacement structure 104, it will drive the displacement structure 105 to move, thereby enabling the reaction chamber 2 to be struck.

[0083] Please refer to the following: Figure 7 The displacement structure 104 includes a mounting frame 1041, a displacement block 1042, a displacement rod 1043, an elastic element 1044, an inclined block 1045, and a striking block 1046. The mounting frame 1041 is fixed to the mounting plate 101. The displacement block 1042 is slidably connected inside the mounting frame 1041. The displacement rod 1043 is fixed to the displacement block 1042. The elastic element 1044 is sleeved on the displacement rod 1043. The inclined block 1045 is fixed to one end of the displacement rod 1043. The striking block 1046 is fixed to the other end of the displacement rod 1043.

[0084] In this embodiment, the elastic element 1044 includes, but is not limited to, springs, elastic elements, and arc-shaped spring sheets, etc. It is only necessary to provide a rebound force when the displacement block 1042 moves toward the elastic element 1044.

[0085] Furthermore, the outer surface of the striking block 1046 is also covered with a protective sleeve made of soft materials such as rubber or silicone, which can prevent the inner wall of the reaction chamber 2 from deforming when it is struck, thus playing a protective role.

[0086] When in use, the eccentric wheel 103 rotates and contacts the inclined block 1045. The inclined surface of the inclined block 1045 pushes the inclined block 1045 open, causing the inclined block 1045 to move toward the mounting frame 1041. This, in turn, drives the displacement rod 1043 to move toward the reaction chamber 2, thereby causing the striking block 1046 to move toward the reaction chamber 2 and strike the inner wall of the reaction chamber 2.

[0087] During the above process, the movement of displacement rod 1043 toward reaction chamber 2 will cause displacement block 1042 to move toward elastic element 1044, thereby compressing elastic element 1044. As the rotation of eccentric wheel 103 stops pressing on inclined block 1045, elastic element 1044 rebounds due to elastic force, causing displacement block 1042 to reset, thereby indirectly causing striking block 1046 to reset. Thus, striking block 1046 can move back and forth linearly to strike the inner wall of reaction chamber 2.

[0088] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The cleaning assembly 12 includes a rotating rod 121, a cleaning brush 122, a second gear 123, and a third gear 124. The rotating rod 121 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the reaction chamber 2. The cleaning brush 122 is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating rod 121. The second gear 123 is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating rod 121. The third gear 124 is fixed to the outer surface of the discharge trough 5. The outer surfaces of the second gear 123 and the third gear 124 mesh.

[0089] In this embodiment, the cleaning brush 122 is detachably mounted on the rotating rod 121 for easy replacement after wear.

[0090] In use, as the pusher 72 extends, the protrusion 75 slides in the groove 94, causing the rotating rod 91 to rotate. This causes the sealing plate 95 to swing and move the filter plate 96 to the bottom of the cleaning brush 122. At this time, the drive plate 84 moves to the inner groove of the inner scraper 11 and rotates. This rotation of the inner scraper 11 further drives the discharge chute 5 to rotate, causing the third gear 124 to rotate, which in turn drives the second gear 123 to rotate. This causes the rotating rod 121 to rotate, which in turn drives the cleaning brush 122 to rotate, cleaning the filter plate 96.

[0091] The working principle of the arsenic pollutant treatment device for mineral processing wastewater and the preparation method of the adsorbent provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0092] Mineral processing wastewater and adsorbent are put into the interior of reaction tank 2. Then, the rotation of drive component 81 causes drive rod 82 to rotate, which in turn drives stirring shaft 61 to rotate, causing stirring blade 62 to rotate and stir mineral processing wastewater, so that mineral processing wastewater and adsorbent are mixed and adsorption reaction is carried out.

[0093] The initial extension of the pusher 72 causes the moving plate 73 to move downward, which in turn causes the protrusion 75 to move downward. This, in turn, causes the rotating cylinder 93 to rotate via the chute 94, which in turn causes the sealing plate 95 to swing forward. This causes the filter plate 96 to move forward circumferentially to the bottom of the discharge chute 5, thereby separating the mineral processing wastewater after the adsorption reaction from the adsorbent.

[0094] By extending the pusher 72 again, the moving plate 73 continues to move downward, which causes the protrusion 75 to continue to move downward. After the rotating cylinder 93 rotates, the sealing plate 95 continues to swing forward, which causes the filter plate 96 to continue to move forward circumferentially to the cleaning component 12, and causes the discharge hole 97 to move circumferentially to the bottom of the discharge trough 5 to discharge the separated adsorbent.

[0095] During the process of opening the discharge trough 5 to discharge the adsorbent, the moving plate 73 moves downward and drives the driving component 81 to move downward, thereby causing the driving rod 82 to move downward. This causes the first gear 83 to mesh with the rotating gear sleeve 102, and the driving plate 84 moves downward into the inner groove of the inner scraper 11. With the rotation of the driving component 81, the driving rod 82 rotates and drives the inner scraper 11 to rotate, cleaning the inner wall of the reaction tank 2 and driving the discharge trough 5 to rotate, thereby driving the cleaning component 12 to rotate and clean the filter plate 96.

[0096] After the first gear 83 meshes with the rotating gear sleeve 102, the first gear 83 rotates with the drive rod 82 and drives the rotating gear sleeve 102 to rotate, thereby causing the eccentric wheel 103 to rotate. When the eccentric wheel 103 contacts the displacement structure 104, it will cause the displacement structure 104 to extend and knock on the inner wall of the reaction chamber 2, thereby knocking off the attached adsorbent.

[0097] Compared with related technologies, the arsenic pollutant treatment device for mineral processing wastewater and the preparation method of the adsorbent provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0098] This invention introduces an adsorbent into mineral processing wastewater for adsorption, applicable to wastewater of varying concentrations and complexities. It effectively reduces arsenic content in the wastewater to below emission standards, ensuring environmental safety. Initial stirring ensures sufficient contact between the wastewater and the adsorbent. The first extension of component 7 moves the filter plate 96 forward to the bottom of the discharge trough 5, switching the device from stirring to solid-liquid separation for easier adsorbent recovery. Further extension of component 7 moves the discharge hole 97 to the discharge trough 5, switching the device from solid-liquid separation to discharge for easier adsorbent collection. Simultaneously, the rotation of drive component 8 triggers the striking component 10 to strike the inner wall of the reaction chamber 2, dislodging the adsorbent and rotating scraper 11 to clean the inner wall of the reaction chamber 2, improving adsorbent recovery. The rotation of scraper 11, along with the cleaning component 12, cleans the filter plate 96, facilitating future use and reducing water blockage or clogging.

[0099] Second Embodiment

[0100] Please refer to the following: Figure 11 The present invention also provides a method for preparing an adsorbent, which is used to prepare the adsorbent and add it to the arsenic pollutant treatment device in the mineral processing wastewater to achieve the treatment of mineral processing wastewater, comprising the following steps:

[0101] S1. High-iron red mud, calcium source, and aluminum hydroxide from the alumina industry are selected as the main raw materials.

[0102] S2. Mix the pre-measured red mud, aluminum hydroxide and calcium source evenly in a certain ratio, slowly add deionized water and stir to prepare a mixed slurry, and then load the mixed slurry into a planetary or horizontal ball mill for mechanochemical reaction.

[0103] S3. After ball milling activation, the solid product is recovered by filtration, and then dried and dehydrated by oven drying or freeze drying.

[0104] S4. After drying, the product is lightly ground to break up the agglomerates and obtain a red mud-based calcium-aluminum composite adsorbent with uniform particle size, namely the adsorbent.

[0105] In this embodiment, the red mud contains a high proportion of Fe2O3, Al2O3, SiO2 and a certain amount of residual alkaline substances. Its surface is rich in active functional groups and has good structural stability, which is conducive to the activation reaction during ball milling. In addition, the addition of a certain proportion of aluminum hydroxide as an auxiliary aluminum source can significantly increase the content and uniform distribution of hydrated alumina in the material, which helps to enhance the structural integrity of the adsorbent and the arsenic adsorption performance.

[0106] In the design of the ratio of red mud, calcium source and aluminum hydroxide, the molar ratio of Al (total aluminum content of Al2O3 and aluminum hydroxide in red mud) to Ca is controlled in the range of 1:1 to 1:2, preferably 1:1.4 to 1:1.6, so as to take into account the synergistic formation of calcium-aluminum layered double hydroxide and calcium silicate phase, and ensure the stability of the material microstructure and high-efficiency adsorption activity.

[0107] In this embodiment, the total solid mass fraction in the slurry is controlled between 40% and 70%, preferably between 50% and 60%, to ensure that the slurry has suitable rheological properties and good reactant dispersibility, and to prevent the slurry from being too thick or too thin, which would affect the ball milling reaction efficiency. The mixing process employs mechanical stirring, with the stirring speed controlled at 200–600 rpm for at least 30 minutes, to ensure that the slurry is uniform and stable, without particle agglomeration.

[0108] Furthermore, during the ball milling process, the high-speed rolling and collision disrupt the crystal structure of the red mud and aluminum hydroxide minerals, enhancing their surface activity and promoting the growth of Ca. 2+ Al 3+ and Fe 3+ The release and recombination of plasma activate the in-situ generation of multiple phases, including hydrated alumina, calcium-aluminum layered double hydroxides, and calcium silicate, forming a composite material with stable structure and high adsorption activity. The ball mill speed is controlled within the range of 100–500 r / min, preferably 200–300 r / min, the reaction time is set to 2–6 hours, and the reaction temperature is maintained at 20–30℃. The equipment cooling device prevents the temperature from getting too high, and the pH value of the slurry is maintained at 9–11, which is conducive to promoting the formation of CaAl-LDH structure and uniform dispersion of aluminum hydroxide. This process does not require additional heating or catalysts, and the process is green and energy-saving.

[0109] In this embodiment, the oven drying temperature is controlled at 50–80°C, and the drying time is adjusted according to the material thickness, generally 12–24 hours, until the moisture content is below 10%. During freeze drying, the temperature is -40–-20°C, and the drying time is longer, but it better preserves the material structure. After drying, the product is lightly ground to break up agglomerates, obtaining a red mud-based calcium-aluminum composite adsorbent. The final product has a stable structure, large specific surface area, abundant pores, and a large number of hydroxyl, aluminum oxide, and calcium hydroxyl functional groups formed on the surface, significantly improving the adsorption performance and durability for arsenic anions.

[0110] The calcium source is at least one of calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, or calcium carbonate.

[0111] Preferably, calcium hydroxide is the best choice because it has high reactivity in the aqueous phase, promoting the formation of calcium aluminum layered double hydroxide (CaAl-LDH) and related active phases.

[0112] The prepared red mud-based calcium-aluminum composite adsorbent was applied to the adsorption treatment of arsenic-containing mineral processing wastewater. The specific operating conditions and process parameters are as follows:

[0113] Based on the arsenic concentration in the wastewater and the treatment scale, the adsorbent dosage is controlled within the range of 1.0–10.0 g / L, preferably 3.0–6.0 g / L. Reasonable control of the adsorbent dosage can effectively balance treatment costs and removal efficiency, avoiding resource waste. The adsorption process is suitable for a wide pH range of 3.0–9.0, preferably 6.5–8.5. This pH range ensures the stable existence of the main forms of arsenic (arsenite and arsenate) while optimizing the activity of hydroxyl and aluminoxy groups on the adsorbent surface, improving the affinity for arsenic ions. Too low a pH may cause partial dissolution of the adsorbent, while too high a pH will affect the dissociation state of arsenic and the adsorption kinetics. The adsorption process can be carried out within the range of room temperature to 40℃, preferably 20–30℃. Higher temperatures can moderately accelerate the adsorption rate, but excessively high temperatures may affect the structural stability of the material. The adsorbent adsorbs arsenic at a relatively fast rate, with adsorption equilibrium generally reached within 30–180 minutes, preferably 60 minutes to ensure efficient treatment. To ensure sufficient contact between the wastewater and the adsorbent, the stirring speed is controlled between 100 and 500 rpm. Stirring at rpm too fast may cause the adsorbent to agglomerate and break down, while stirring too slowly will affect the adsorption efficiency. Under optimal conditions, the maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent for arsenite can reach 70-90 mg / g, and the adsorption capacity for arsenate can reach 35-70 mg / g, showing excellent selectivity and adsorption stability, and adapting to the removal needs of different forms of arsenic pollutants. After adsorption, the adsorbent is separated by filtration, and the separation efficiency is higher than 95%.

[0114] The separated adsorbent can be regenerated by soaking in alkaline solution, heat treatment, or salt washing to maintain good adsorption performance and can be recycled more than 5 times, making it suitable for continuous operation and industrial applications.

[0115] Compared with related technologies, the arsenic pollutant treatment device for mineral processing wastewater and the preparation method of the adsorbent provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0116] Calcium hydroxide preferentially converts free alkali in red mud into a stable mineral phase, achieving safe control of the system's pH. Aluminum hydroxide reconstructs the surface active structure, enhancing the aluminum-based coordination adsorption capacity. The mechanochemical effect of ball milling simultaneously completes the nano-depolymerization of particles and the atomic-level fusion of multiple components, transforming the iron and aluminum components encapsulated in red mud into highly active adsorption sites. The resulting composite material forms a hydroxyl-rich plate-like structure, exhibiting a specific capture capacity for trivalent arsenic. The active sites on the material surface first oxidize trivalent arsenic in situ to the pentavalent state, and then achieve efficient fixation and stabilization of arsenic pollutants through a diversified chemical bonding mechanism. This breaks through the technical bottleneck of low removal efficiency of trivalent arsenic in traditional processes, pioneering a green technology path for the resource-based treatment of pollutants from solid waste. This adsorbent has good anti-interference ability and a certain tolerance to coexisting ions and organic matter in wastewater, ensuring stable operation.

[0117] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for adsorbing and treating arsenic pollutants in mineral processing wastewater, characterized in that, include: Base; A reaction chamber is fixed on the base. The reaction chamber is used to contain mineral processing wastewater and add adsorbent to allow adsorption reaction between the mineral processing wastewater and the adsorbent. A top plate is installed on the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and a feed chute is installed on the top plate. A discharge chute is rotatably connected to the bottom of the reaction chamber. A stirring assembly is installed on the top plate. The stirring assembly is used for stirring during the adsorption reaction between mineral processing wastewater and adsorbent. The stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft and stirring blades. The stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the top plate, and the stirring blades are fixed to the outer surface of the stirring shaft. The stirring shaft is hollow inside. A pushing assembly is mounted on the top plate, and a driving assembly is mounted on the pushing assembly. The pushing assembly is used to drive the driving assembly to move vertically and linearly, and the driving assembly is used to drive the stirring assembly to rotate. The pushing assembly includes a fixed plate, a pushing member, a moving plate, a connecting plate, and a protrusion. The fixed plate is fixed to the top of the top plate, the pushing member is fixed to the fixed plate, the moving plate is slidably connected to the fixed plate, the output end of the pushing member is fixedly connected to the moving plate, the connecting plate is fixed to the moving plate, and the protrusion is fixed to the connecting plate. The drive assembly includes a drive component, a drive rod, a first gear, and a drive plate. The drive component is fixed to the movable plate, the drive rod is fixed to the output shaft of the drive component, the drive rod passes through the stirring shaft and is slidably connected to the stirring shaft, the first gear is fixed to the outer surface of the drive rod, and the drive plate is fixed to the bottom end of the drive rod. A rotary filter assembly is installed on the top of the base. In its initial state, the rotary filter assembly abuts against the discharge chute to block the discharge chute. The rotary filter assembly includes a rotating rod, a fixing block, a rotating cylinder, a chute, a sealing plate, a filter plate, and a discharge hole. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the top of the base, the fixing block is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod and fixed to the reaction chamber, the rotating cylinder is fixed to the top of the rotating rod, the chute is formed on the rotating cylinder, the sealing plate is fixed to the rotating rod and abuts against the discharge chute to block the discharge chute, the filter plate is installed on the sealing plate, and the discharge hole is formed on the sealing plate. A striking assembly, which is mounted on the top plate, is used to strike the inner wall of the reaction chamber; An inner scraper is fixed to the discharge trough and is used to scrape the inner wall of the reaction tank. A cleaning assembly is installed at the bottom of the reaction chamber and is used to clean the rotary filter assembly. Mineral processing wastewater and adsorbent are put into the reaction tank. Then, the drive rod is rotated by the rotation of the drive component, which in turn drives the stirring shaft to rotate, so that the stirring blades rotate to stir the mineral processing wastewater and mix the mineral processing wastewater and adsorbent to carry out the adsorption reaction. The initial extension of the pusher causes the moving plate to move downward, which in turn causes the protrusion to move downward. This, in turn, causes the rotating cylinder to rotate via the chute, which in turn causes the sealing plate to swing forward. This causes the filter plate to move forward circumferentially to the bottom of the discharge chute, thereby separating the mineral processing wastewater after the adsorption reaction from the adsorbent. By extending the pusher again, the moving plate continues to move downward, causing the protrusion to move downward. This causes the rotating cylinder to rotate, which in turn causes the sealing plate to swing forward. As a result, the filter plate continues to move forward in a circular motion to the cleaning component, and the discharge hole moves in a circular motion to the bottom of the discharge trough, discharging the separated adsorbent.

2. The adsorption and treatment device for arsenic pollutants in mineral processing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The striking assembly includes a mounting plate, a rotating gear sleeve, an eccentric wheel, and a displacement structure. The mounting plate is fixed to the top of the top plate, the rotating gear sleeve is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, the eccentric wheel is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating gear sleeve, and the displacement structure is mounted on the mounting plate. The rotating gear sleeve is adapted to the first gear, and the two are on the same meshing surface. In use, when the pusher drives the drive component to move downward, it will drive the drive rod to move downward, thereby causing the first gear to move downward and mesh with the rotating gear sleeve. When the drive component rotates, it will indirectly drive the first gear to rotate, thereby causing the rotating gear sleeve to rotate and drive the eccentric wheel to rotate. When the eccentric wheel contacts the displacement structure, it will drive the displacement structure to move, thereby enabling the reaction chamber to be struck.

3. The adsorption and treatment device for arsenic pollutants in mineral processing wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that, The displacement structure includes a mounting frame, a displacement block, a displacement rod, an elastic element, an inclined block, and a striking block. The mounting frame is fixed to the mounting plate, the displacement block is slidably connected inside the mounting frame, the displacement rod is fixed to the displacement block, the elastic element is sleeved on the displacement rod, the inclined block is fixed to one end of the displacement rod, and the striking block is fixed to the other end of the displacement rod.

4. The adsorption and treatment device for arsenic pollutants in mineral processing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly includes a rotating rod, a cleaning brush, a second gear, and a third gear. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the reaction chamber. The cleaning brush is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating rod. The second gear is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating rod. The third gear is fixed to the outer surface of the discharge chute. The outer surfaces of the second gear and the third gear mesh.

Images