Surface finishing track correction system and method based on laser assistance

Abstract

The invention discloses a surface finishing track correction system and method based on laser assistance, the system is composed of a surface finishing device, a laser generator, a laser receiver and a track deviation alarm device, and the correction method comprises the steps that the laser receiver is erected at the tail end of a preset track; starting a laser generator on the surface finishing device and aligning; starting an alarm device; in the surface finishing operation process, when the laser deviates from the receiver due to track deviation, the alarm device sends out a signal, and an operator corrects the track in real time according to the signal until the track is aligned. By means of an ingenious and simple optical-mechanical linkage scheme, a laser datum line is established, real-time deviation alarm is achieved, track control is converted into objective physical signal judgment from dependence on artificial experience, the problems that in a traditional surface finishing mode, tracks are prone to deviation, correction lags behind, and precision control is difficult are effectively solved, and the production efficiency is improved. And the straightness, the flatness and the construction efficiency of surface finishing operation are obviously improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a laser-assisted surface collection trajectory correction system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In building construction, concrete surface collection is an important process to ensure the flatness of the ground. Traditional surface collection operations rely on manual operation or mechanical preset paths, which are easily affected by factors such as uneven platform, mechanical vibration, and operation errors, resulting in deviation of the surface collection trajectory from the preset path, affecting the construction quality.

[0003] Traditional correction methods for surface collection trajectories rely on subjective perception and visual measurement by construction personnel, which have the following shortcomings: (1) Low accuracy of eye observation, prone to visual errors: In large-area, long-distance surface collection operations, the accuracy of eye observation in judging whether the trajectory is deviated is very limited, especially in poor light, with visual reference interference (such as ground texture, shadow) or operator fatigue, which is prone to visual deviation and difficult to detect millimeter-level micro-deviation, and the accumulation of such micro-deviation will significantly affect the overall flatness.

[0004] (2) Highly dependent on subjective experience, lack of objective standards: The correction effect of traditional methods depends entirely on the personal experience and technical level of construction personnel. Different operators have different standards for "flatness" and "straightness", which cannot form a unified and quantitative quality evaluation system, resulting in large fluctuations in construction quality and poor stability.

[0005] (3) Feedback lag, unable to achieve real-time correction: Operators usually need to stop the equipment or complete a certain operation before they can measure and judge by using tools such as pull lines and rulers. This "operation-stop-measurement-adjustment" mode is discontinuous and cannot provide real-time deviation feedback during operation, resulting in defects when the deviation is discovered, high correction cost and possible permanent quality defects.

[0006] (4) High labor intensity, prone to fatigue errors: Operators need to concentrate on visual tracking and judgment throughout the operation, with huge mental and physical consumption. After a long time of operation, the attention and judgment of personnel will decrease significantly, making it more prone to errors and difficult to ensure consistent and stable construction quality.

[0007] Although there are some automatic surface collection devices in the prior art, there is still a lack of real-time, high-precision trajectory deviation detection and correction means, which cannot meet the requirements of high-standard construction. SUMMARY

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to solve the problems of the prior art, and provide a laser-assisted surface collection trajectory correction system and method.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is: A laser-assisted surface collection trajectory correction system, comprising: A surface collection device, which is the main body of the system, moves along a preset trajectory on a platform to be collected, and completes the surface collection work. Among them, the surface collection device is integrated with a horizontal degree measurement and control unit for real-time monitoring and ensuring the horizontal degree in the surface collection process; the unit mainly consists of a high-precision inclination sensor, a signal processing circuit and a horizontal state indicator. A laser generator, which is the optical reference source of the system, is used to emit an uninterrupted visible laser beam. A laser receiver, which is the reference point and signal acquisition end of the system, has a photosensitive detection unit. A trajectory deviation alarm device, which is the control and decision unit of the system, has a microcontroller that receives the signal of the laser receiver and makes real-time judgments based on the signal of the laser receiver; wherein the microcontroller is built-in with a simple logic judgment circuit or program, and is provided with a trajectory dynamic correction unit.

[0010] Further, the top of the surface collection device is provided with a rigid mounting platform, and the rigid mounting platform is provided with a leveling and angle fine adjustment device. The laser generator is fixedly installed on the rigid mounting platform of the laser receiver through a rigid connecting piece, and the optical axis direction is consistent with the preset trajectory direction of the surface collection device. The laser receiver is erected at the terminal point of the preset trajectory, and the receiving surface is opposite to the direction of the preset trajectory. The trajectory deviation alarm device is arranged below the laser receiver and is electrically connected with the laser receiver, and is provided with a signal delay judgment function.

[0011] Further, the laser generator selects a semiconductor laser module that emits green visible laser, and the output power is not higher than 5mW, and the beam divergence angle is controlled within 1mrad; the laser receiver uses a surface array photoelectric sensor as a laser signal receiving unit.

[0012] Further, the laser generator is rigidly installed on the rigid mounting platform through a clamp or a bolt; and after the laser generator is installed, the parallelism between the optical axis of the laser generator and the preset trajectory of the surface collection device needs to be checked, and the error should be less than 0.5°.

[0013] Further, a fixed support is provided at the end of the preset track, the fixed support is provided with horizontal and pitch adjusting mechanisms; the laser receiver is arranged on the fixed support; and the laser receiver is provided with a sensitivity adjusting device, and the effective receiving surface thereof can be adjusted according to the allowable track deviation tolerance.

[0014] Further, the application also provides a correction method of the laser-assisted surface collecting track correction system, which comprises the following steps: S1, system reference establishment and initial calibration, a high-precision space reference line is constructed; at the end of the preset track, the laser receiver is stably arranged, and its posture is adjusted to ensure that the receiving surface thereof maintains correct space relationship with the preset track direction; S2, in-situ arrangement of the surface collecting device and optical alignment, the movable surface collecting device is accurately aligned with the fixed reference point; the light collecting device is arranged at the starting position of the operation, the laser emitter is turned on, and the initial position and orientation of the light collecting device are adjusted so that the laser beam accurately irradiates the predetermined reference position on the receiving surface; at the same time, the horizontal degree measurement and control unit is started, and zero point calibration is performed on the horizontal reference surface; S3, functional simulation verification of the track deviation alarm device; before formally starting the operation, the situation that the light collecting device appears horizontal inclination or track deviation is simulated, and it is verified whether the track deviation alarm device can normally trigger and stop according to the preset condition to ensure that the track deviation alarm device works reliably; S4, dynamic operation and real-time closed-loop correction, the system enters the real-time closed-loop control mode combining automatic monitoring and manual intervention; the light collecting operation is started, and the operator pushes the light collecting device to slowly travel along the preset track; during this period, the track dynamic correction unit monitors the traveling track in real time through the position change of the laser beam on the effective receiving surface, and if the track deviation is out of tolerance, an alarm is issued to prompt the operator to correct the traveling direction; the operator adjusts the posture and direction of the light collecting device in real time according to the alarm prompt, to form a real-time closed-loop control process of “operation-monitoring-alarm-correction”, and to ensure the straightness of the light collecting track and the surface levelness; S5, effect confirmation: after the light collecting operation is completed, the quality index of the formed track side groove is inspected.

[0015] Further, step S1 comprises the following steps: S1.1, arrangement and positioning of the laser receiver: according to the preset track end point of the surface to be collected platform determined by the construction drawing, the laser receiver is stably arranged on the fixed support at the preset track end point position, and the support should be independent of the surface to be collected platform to avoid being affected by construction vibration; S1.2, Attitude calibration of laser receiver: Use tools to level the laser receiver and finely adjust its horizontal rotation angle to ensure that its laser receiving plane is strictly perpendicular to the preset trajectory direction to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring direction; S1.3, Receiving Tolerance Setting: Based on the flatness level requirements of this finishing operation, select or adjust the effective receiving surface size of the laser receiver, or set the light signal intensity threshold for triggering an alarm inside it, thereby determining the allowable offset tolerance of the trajectory.

[0016] Furthermore, step S2 includes the following steps: S2.1 Initial positioning of the dough collection device: The dough collection device equipped with the laser generator is set up at the starting position of the preset trajectory; S2.2, Laser Generator Start-up and Coarse Adjustment: Turn on the laser generator to emit a continuous visible laser beam; manually push the surface-collecting device to visually adjust the laser spot to the effective receiving surface range of the laser receiver. S2.3, Optical Alignment and Fine Calibration: Fine-tune the orientation and position of the face-forming device to stabilize the laser spot in the center area of ​​the effective receiving surface of the laser receiver; this state is the "zero position" or reference starting state of the face-forming operation; at the same time, start the levelness measurement and control unit to perform zero-point calibration on the horizontal reference surface.

[0017] Further, step S3 includes the following steps: S3.1, Alarm device activation: Activate the trajectory deviation alarm device to put it into real-time monitoring mode; S3.2, Offset Alarm Function Test: Slightly change the orientation or position of the face-collecting device to simulate trajectory offset; at this time, the laser beam should deviate from the laser receiver to verify whether the trajectory offset alarm device can immediately and accurately issue the preset audible and visual alarm signal; S3.3 Alarm Reset Function Test: Recalibrate the face-collecting device to the fine calibration state of S2.3 to bring the laser beam back to the correct position; verify whether the trajectory deviation alarm device can stop the alarm in time and confirm that the system has returned to normal monitoring state; Further, step S4 includes the following steps: S4.1, Dough collection operation start-up and continuous monitoring: Start the dough collection device and make it start working along the preset trajectory; the laser generator continuously emits laser, and the trajectory deviation alarm device makes real-time judgment based on the signal from the laser receiver; S4.2, Offset Recognition and Alarm Triggering: During operation, if the trajectory of the receiving device deviates, the laser beam will deviate from the effective receiving surface of the laser receiver; the trajectory offset alarm device will then trigger an alarm signal. S4.3, Manual Intervention and Trajectory Correction: After receiving an alarm signal, the operator can operate the control mechanism of the dough collection device to make immediate fine adjustments to its direction of travel without stopping the equipment; S4.4, Correction Confirmation and Alarm Cancellation: Through continuous and immediate adjustment until the laser beam is stably received by the laser receiver again, the trajectory deviation alarm device automatically stops alarming, indicating that the trajectory has returned to the correct path; The system continues to execute the cycle from S4.1 to S4.4, realizing closed-loop control of "monitoring-alarm-correction-confirmation" throughout the entire process.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention provides a laser-assisted finishing trajectory correction system and method. The system consists of a finishing device, a laser generator, a laser receiver, and a trajectory deviation alarm device. The correction method includes: setting up the laser receiver at the end of a preset trajectory; turning on and aligning the laser generator on the finishing device; activating the alarm device; during the finishing operation, when trajectory deviation causes the laser to deviate from the receiver, the alarm device sends a signal, and the operator corrects the trajectory in real time until it is back to the correct position. Through a clever and simple optical-mechanical linkage scheme, this invention effectively solves the core pain points of easy trajectory deviation and delayed correction in traditional finishing operations, bringing substantial progress in improving construction quality, efficiency, and manageability.

[0019] 2. This invention establishes a laser baseline and implements real-time offset alarm, transforming trajectory control from relying on manual experience to objective physical signal judgment. This effectively solves the problems of easy trajectory deviation, delayed correction, and difficulty in precision control in traditional finishing methods, and significantly improves the straightness, flatness, and construction efficiency of finishing operations.

[0020] 3. The laser generator and laser receiver work together to achieve high-precision, visually unbiased detection: Lasers have the physical characteristics of good directionality and high precision. Detection is performed by the photosensitive detection unit on the laser receiver, and the precision can reach the millimeter level or even higher, far exceeding the limits of human visual perception. This method is not affected by visual interference factors such as ambient light, shadows, or ground texture, and can reliably identify minute deviations that are imperceptible to the human eye, thus eliminating the generation of cumulative errors at the source.

[0021] 4. This invention provides a laser-assisted surface-forming trajectory correction system, which can reduce reliance on manpower and improve operational reliability. The system undertakes the continuous monitoring task that requires the most concentration, and the operator does not need to be constantly on high alert for visual judgment. The operator only needs to intervene and make adjustments when an alarm occurs. This greatly reduces the labor intensity and mental stress of the operator, effectively avoids judgment errors caused by fatigue, and ensures the reliability and stability of the correction response under long-term operation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the laser alignment principle of a laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system according to the present invention. Figure 2 (a) The trajectory deviation alarm device 4 is in a non-alarm state. Figure 2 (b) The trajectory deviation alarm device 4 is in alarm state.

[0024] These include: 1. dough collection device; 2. laser generator; 3. laser receiver; 4. trajectory deviation alarm device. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "left side," "right side," "upper part," "lower part," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. "First," "second," etc., do not indicate the importance of the components, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. The specific dimensions used in this embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0027] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system includes: The dough collection device 1 is the main body of the system. This device moves along a preset trajectory on the dough collection platform to complete the dough collection operation. Laser generator 2 is the optical reference source of the system, and its core function is to emit a continuous visible laser beam. Laser receiver 3 serves as the system's reference point and signal acquisition terminal, and its core is a photosensitive detection unit. Specifically, the laser generator and laser receiver work together to achieve high-precision, visually unbiased detection: lasers have the physical characteristics of good directionality and high precision. Detection is performed by the photosensitive detection unit on the laser receiver, and its precision can reach the millimeter level or even higher, far exceeding the limits of human visual perception. This method is not affected by visual interference factors such as ambient light, shadows, or ground texture, and can reliably identify minute deviations that are imperceptible to the human eye, thus eliminating the generation of cumulative errors at the source.

[0028] The trajectory deviation alarm device 4 is the control and decision-making unit of the system. The device is based on a microcontroller, receives the signal from the laser receiver, and makes real-time judgments based on the signal from the laser receiver. The microcontroller has a built-in simple logic judgment circuit or program and is equipped with a trajectory dynamic correction unit.

[0029] This application provides a laser-assisted surface finishing trajectory correction system, which can reduce reliance on manpower and improve operational reliability. The system undertakes the most demanding task of continuous monitoring, eliminating the need for operators to constantly be on high alert and make visual judgments. Operators only need to intervene and make adjustments when an alarm occurs. This significantly reduces the labor intensity and mental stress of operators, effectively avoids judgment errors caused by fatigue, and ensures the reliability and stability of the correction response during long-term operation.

[0030] The core components of this application's system include a dough collection device 1, a laser generator 2, a laser receiver 3, and a trajectory deviation alarm device 4. The implementation of the system depends on the correct selection and installation of the core components. The configuration and installation of the core components of this application's system are described in further detail below: The top of the finishing device 1 is equipped with a rigid mounting platform, and the rigid mounting platform is equipped with leveling and angle fine-tuning devices; Furthermore, the laser generator 2 is fixedly installed on the rigid mounting platform by a rigid connector, and its optical axis direction is consistent with the preset trajectory direction of the face-forming device.

[0031] Specifically, the finishing device 1 can be a conventional concrete trowel or an automated finishing equipment. During installation, it should be ensured that the finishing device moves smoothly on the platform to be finished without any abnormal shaking.

[0032] Specifically, the top of the finishing device 1 needs to be equipped with a rigid mounting platform, which should have leveling and angle fine-tuning functions to fix the laser generator.

[0033] Furthermore, the dough-collecting device integrates a levelness measurement and control unit, which is a key subsystem integrated into the dough-collecting device. It is used to monitor and ensure the lateral levelness during the dough-collecting operation in real time. This unit mainly consists of a high-precision tilt sensor (such as a MEMS tilt sensor), a signal processing circuit, and a level status indicator.

[0034] Specifically, the laser generator 2 needs to ensure continuous and stable operation during the operation, forming an invisible optical guide rail.

[0035] Furthermore, preferably, the laser generator 2 is a semiconductor laser module that emits green visible laser light, with an output power of no more than 5mW and a beam divergence angle controlled within 1mrad.

[0036] Specifically, laser generator 2 preferably emits green visible laser light, which has good visibility and facilitates initial calibration and manual intervention.

[0037] Furthermore, preferably, the laser generator 2 is rigidly mounted on the rigid mounting platform by means of clamps or bolts.

[0038] Furthermore, preferably, after the laser generator 2 is installed, the parallelism between its optical axis and the preset trajectory of the face-forming device 1 needs to be checked, and the error should be less than 0.5°.

[0039] Furthermore, the laser receiver 3 is mounted at the end point (i.e., the end) of the preset trajectory and needs to be precisely fixed and leveled.

[0040] Preferably, the laser receiver 3 uses an array photoelectric sensor as the laser signal receiving unit.

[0041] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the receiving surface of the laser receiver is directly facing the direction of the preset trajectory; the laser receiver 3 is equipped with a sensitivity adjustment device, and its effective receiving surface can be adjusted according to the allowable trajectory deviation tolerance; ideally, the laser beam should irradiate the central area of ​​the receiving surface.

[0042] Furthermore, a fixed support is provided at the end point of the preset trajectory, and the fixed support is equipped with a horizontal and pitch adjustment mechanism; the laser receiver 3 is mounted on the fixed support.

[0043] Specifically, the laser receiver should be installed on a fixed bracket at the end of the preset trajectory. The fixed bracket should have horizontal and vertical adjustment functions to ensure that the receiving surface faces the direction of the laser and is perpendicular to the preset trajectory.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the trajectory deviation alarm device 4 is arranged below the laser receiver 3 and is electrically connected to the laser receiver 3 to receive signals from the laser receiver in real time.

[0045] Furthermore, the trajectory deviation alarm device 4 is equipped with a signal delay judgment function, such as triggering an alarm if there is a continuous loss of light for 0.5 seconds.

[0046] Furthermore, the trajectory deviation alarm device 4 includes audible and visual alarms, vibration alarms, and wireless remote alarms.

[0047] Specifically, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the working principle of the system is: When the laser receiver 3 continuously receives the laser signal from the laser generator 2, the trajectory deviation alarm device 4 determines that the trajectory is normal; if Figure 2 As shown in (a), the trajectory deviation alarm device 4 is in a non-alarm state; When the laser signal weakens or disappears (i.e., the laser spot deviates from the effective receiving area of ​​the receiving surface), the trajectory deviation alarm device 4 determines that there is a trajectory deviation; once a trajectory deviation is determined, the trajectory deviation alarm device 4 immediately triggers an alarm signal in the form of sound and light, vibration, or wireless remote alarm, prompting the operator to intervene and correct the deviation. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the trajectory deviation alarm device 4 is in alarm state.

[0048] This application also provides a correction method for a laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system, comprising the following steps: S1, System baseline establishment and initial calibration; at the end of the preset trajectory, the laser receiver is firmly set up and its attitude is adjusted to ensure that its receiving surface maintains the correct spatial relationship with the preset trajectory direction; the core of this stage is to build a high-precision spatial baseline to lay the foundation for subsequent trajectory monitoring.

[0049] S1.1, Installation and positioning of the laser receiver: According to the preset trajectory endpoint of the platform to be finished as determined by the construction drawings, the laser receiver shall be securely installed on the fixed bracket at the preset trajectory endpoint position. The bracket shall be independent of the platform to be finished to avoid being affected by construction vibration.

[0050] S1.2, Laser receiver attitude calibration: Use tools (level, etc.) to level the laser receiver and finely adjust its horizontal rotation angle to ensure that its laser receiving plane is strictly perpendicular to the preset trajectory direction (this is the ideal receiving trajectory direction) to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring direction.

[0051] S1.3, Receiving Tolerance Setting: Based on the flatness level requirements of this finishing operation, select or adjust the effective receiving surface size of the laser receiver, or set the light signal intensity threshold for triggering an alarm inside it, thereby determining the allowable offset tolerance of the trajectory.

[0052] S2, Positioning and optical alignment of the receiving device; Place the receiving device in the starting position of the operation, turn on the laser emitter, and adjust the initial position and orientation of the receiving device so that the laser beam accurately illuminates the predetermined reference position (such as the center) on the receiving surface; At the same time, start the levelness measurement and control unit to perform zero-point calibration on the level reference surface; The goal of this stage is to accurately align the moving receiving device with the fixed reference point.

[0053] S2.1 Initial positioning of the dough collection device: The dough collection device equipped with the laser generator is set up at the starting position of the preset trajectory.

[0054] S2.2, Laser Generator Start-up and Coarse Adjustment: Turn on the laser generator to emit a continuous visible laser beam; manually push the surface-collecting device to visually adjust the laser spot to the effective receiving surface range of the laser receiver.

[0055] S2.3, Optical Alignment and Fine Calibration: Fine-tune the orientation and position of the face-forming device to stabilize the laser spot in the center area of ​​the effective receiving surface of the laser receiver; this state is the "zero position" or reference starting state of the face-forming operation; at the same time, start the levelness measurement and control unit to perform zero-point calibration on the horizontal reference surface.

[0056] During the initial calibration phase, when the finishing device is located on a known horizontal reference plane, the operator triggers the "zero-point calibration" function of the levelness measurement and control unit to set this state to the horizontal zero position. In subsequent operations, the unit continuously monitors the tilt angle change. If the tilt angle exceeds the preset threshold (e.g., ±0.5°), the level status indicator will issue a visual warning (such as a flashing red light). At the same time, this signal can be connected to the trajectory deviation alarm device to trigger a comprehensive alarm, prompting the operator to correct both the travel direction and the horizontal attitude, thereby ensuring the flatness of the finished surface.

[0057] Steps S1 and S2 provide objective and quantitative precise control. By using the laser beam as a constant absolute baseline, the judgment criteria for trajectory correction are transformed from subjective experience into objective physical signals (whether the laser is received). This eliminates the influence of differences in the technical level of different operators, establishes a unified, reliable and quantifiable quality control standard, and greatly ensures the stability and consistency of construction quality.

[0058] S3, Track Deviation Alarm Device Function Simulation Verification: Before the formal start of operation, simulate the situation where the receiving device is horizontally tilted or deviates from its trajectory to verify whether the track deviation alarm device can be triggered and stopped normally according to the preset conditions, ensuring that the track deviation alarm device works reliably.

[0059] S3.1 Alarm device activation: Activate the trajectory deviation alarm device to put it into real-time monitoring mode.

[0060] S3.2, Offset Alarm Function Test: Slightly change the orientation or position of the face-collecting device to simulate trajectory offset; at this time, the laser beam should deviate from the laser receiver to verify whether the trajectory offset alarm device can immediately and accurately issue the preset audible and visual alarm signal.

[0061] S3.3, Alarm Reset Function Test: Recalibrate the dough collection device to the fine calibration state of S2.3 to bring the laser beam back to the correct position; verify whether the trajectory deviation alarm device can stop the alarm in time and confirm that the system has returned to normal monitoring state.

[0062] S4, Dynamic Operation and Real-time Closed-Loop Correction; This step is the core operation stage, where the system enters a real-time closed-loop control mode that combines automatic monitoring and manual intervention.

[0063] The light collection operation is started, and the operator pushes the light collection device slowly along the preset trajectory; During this period, the trajectory dynamic correction unit monitors the trajectory in real time by changing the position of the laser beam on the effective receiving surface. If the trajectory deviates beyond the tolerance, an alarm is issued to prompt the operator to correct the direction of travel. Based on the alarm prompt, the operator makes real-time fine adjustments to the attitude and direction of the light receiving device, forming a real-time closed-loop control process of "operation-monitoring-alarm-correction" to ensure the straightness of the light receiving trajectory and the levelness of the surface.

[0064] S4.1, Dough collection operation start-up and continuous monitoring: Start the dough collection device to start operation along the preset trajectory; the laser generator continuously emits laser, and the trajectory deviation alarm device makes real-time judgment based on the signal from the laser receiver.

[0065] S4.2, Offset Recognition and Alarm Triggering: During operation, if the trajectory of the surface-collecting device deviates due to uneven platform, mechanical slippage, or other reasons, the laser beam will deviate from the effective receiving surface of the laser receiver; the trajectory offset alarm device will then trigger an alarm signal.

[0066] S4.3, Manual Intervention and Trajectory Correction: After receiving an alarm signal, the operator can operate the control mechanism of the dough collection device to make immediate fine adjustments to its direction of travel without stopping the equipment.

[0067] S4.4, Correction Confirmation and Alarm Cancellation: Through continuous and immediate adjustment until the laser beam is stably received by the laser receiver again, the trajectory deviation alarm device automatically stops alarming, indicating that the trajectory has returned to the correct path.

[0068] The system continues to execute the cycle from S4.1 to S4.4, realizing closed-loop control of "monitoring-alarm-correction-confirmation" throughout the entire process.

[0069] This step enables real-time, online continuous feedback and correction: the system provides uninterrupted real-time monitoring throughout the entire finishing process. Once a deviation occurs, the trajectory deviation alarm device will immediately issue an audible and visual alarm signal. Operators can make dynamic adjustments based on the alarm signal without stopping the machine for measurement, realizing closed-loop online control of "operation-monitoring-alarm-correction". This controls quality risks at the outset and avoids the cost and trouble of post-repair.

[0070] In addition, it also includes: S5, Effect Confirmation: After the finishing work is completed, the flatness, straightness and other quality indicators of the formed track side groove are inspected.

[0071] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0072] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system, characterized in that: include: The dough collection device is the main execution unit of the system. This device moves along a preset trajectory on the dough collection platform to complete the dough collection operation. The dough-collecting device integrates a levelness measurement and control unit, which is used to monitor and ensure the lateral levelness during the dough-collecting process in real time. This unit mainly consists of a high-precision tilt sensor, a signal processing circuit, and a level status indicator. The laser generator serves as the optical reference source for the system, emitting a continuous visible laser beam. The laser receiver serves as the system's reference point and signal acquisition terminal, and it includes a photosensitive detection unit. The trajectory deviation alarm device is the control and decision-making unit of the system. The device has a microcontroller that receives signals from the laser receiver and makes real-time judgments based on the signals from the laser receiver. The microcontroller has a built-in simple logic judgment circuit or program and is equipped with a trajectory dynamic correction unit.

2. The laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the finishing device is equipped with a rigid mounting platform, which is equipped with leveling and angle fine-tuning devices. The laser generator is fixedly installed on the rigid mounting platform by a rigid connector, and its optical axis direction is consistent with the preset trajectory direction of the surface-forming device. The laser receiver is set up at the end of the preset trajectory, with its receiving surface facing the direction from which the preset trajectory is coming; The trajectory deviation alarm device is located below the laser receiver and is electrically connected to the laser receiver. It has a signal delay judgment function.

3. The laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser generator uses a semiconductor laser module that emits green visible laser light, with an output power of no more than 5mW and a beam divergence angle controlled within 1mrad; the laser receiver uses an array photoelectric sensor as the laser signal receiving unit.

4. The laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser generator is rigidly mounted on the rigid mounting platform by clamps or bolts; and after the laser generator is installed, the parallelism between its optical axis and the preset trajectory of the face-forming device must be checked, and the error should be less than 0.5°.

5. The laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixed support is provided at the end point of the preset trajectory, and the fixed support is equipped with a horizontal and vertical adjustment mechanism; a laser receiver is mounted on the fixed support; and the laser receiver is equipped with a sensitivity adjustment device, the effective receiving surface of which can be adjusted according to the allowable trajectory deviation tolerance.

6. A correction method for a laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1, System benchmark establishment and initial calibration, constructing a high-precision spatial benchmark line; at the end of the preset trajectory, firmly set up the laser receiver and adjust its attitude to ensure that its receiving surface maintains the correct spatial relationship with the preset trajectory direction; S2, the face-collecting device is positioned and optically aligned, precisely aligning the moving face-collecting device with the fixed reference point; the light-collecting device is placed at the start of the operation, the laser emitter is turned on, and the initial position and orientation of the light-collecting device are adjusted so that the laser beam accurately illuminates the predetermined reference position on the receiving surface; at the same time, the levelness measurement and control unit is activated to perform zero-point calibration on the level reference surface. S3, Track Deviation Alarm Device Function Simulation Verification: Before the formal start of operation, simulate the situation where the light receiving device is horizontally tilted or deviates from its trajectory to verify whether the track deviation alarm device can be triggered and stopped normally according to the preset conditions, and to ensure that the track deviation alarm device works reliably. S4, Dynamic Operation and Real-time Closed-Loop Correction: The system enters a real-time closed-loop control mode that combines automatic monitoring and manual intervention. The light-collecting operation begins, and the operator pushes the light-collecting device slowly along a preset trajectory. During this period, the trajectory dynamic correction unit monitors the trajectory in real time by changing the position of the laser beam on the effective receiving surface. If the trajectory deviates beyond the tolerance, an alarm is issued, prompting the operator to correct the direction of travel. Based on the alarm prompts, the operator makes real-time fine adjustments to the attitude and direction of the light-collecting device, forming a real-time closed-loop control process of "operation-monitoring-alarm-correction" to ensure the straightness of the light-collecting trajectory and the levelness of the surface. S5, Effect Confirmation: After the finishing work is completed, the quality indicators of the formed track side groove are inspected.

7. The correction method for the laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following steps: S1.1, Installation and positioning of the laser receiver: According to the preset trajectory endpoint of the platform to be finished as determined by the construction drawings, the laser receiver shall be securely installed on the fixed bracket at the preset trajectory endpoint position. The bracket shall be independent of the platform to be finished to avoid being affected by construction vibration. S1.2, Attitude calibration of laser receiver: Use tools to level the laser receiver and finely adjust its horizontal rotation angle to ensure that its laser receiving plane is strictly perpendicular to the preset trajectory direction to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring direction; S1.3, Receiving Tolerance Setting: Based on the flatness level requirements of this finishing operation, select or adjust the effective receiving surface size of the laser receiver, or set the light signal intensity threshold for triggering an alarm inside it, thereby determining the allowable offset tolerance of the trajectory.

8. The correction method for the laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S2 includes the following steps: S2.1 Initial positioning of the dough collection device: The dough collection device equipped with the laser generator is set up at the starting position of the preset trajectory; S2.2, Laser Generator Start-up and Coarse Adjustment: Turn on the laser generator to emit a continuous visible laser beam; manually push the surface-collecting device to visually adjust the laser spot to the effective receiving surface range of the laser receiver. S2.3, Optical Alignment and Fine Calibration: Fine-tune the orientation and position of the face-forming device to stabilize the laser spot in the center area of ​​the effective receiving surface of the laser receiver; this state is the "zero position" or reference starting state of the face-forming operation; at the same time, start the levelness measurement and control unit to perform zero-point calibration on the horizontal reference surface.

9. The correction method for the laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S3 includes the following steps: S3.1, Alarm device activation: Activate the trajectory deviation alarm device to put it into real-time monitoring mode; S3.2, Offset Alarm Function Test: Slightly change the orientation or position of the face-collecting device to simulate trajectory offset; at this time, the laser beam should deviate from the laser receiver to verify whether the trajectory offset alarm device can immediately and accurately issue the preset audible and visual alarm signal; S3.3, Alarm Reset Function Test: Recalibrate the dough collection device to the fine calibration state of S2.3 to bring the laser beam back to the correct position; verify whether the trajectory deviation alarm device can stop the alarm in time and confirm that the system has returned to normal monitoring state.

10. The correction method for the laser-assisted surface trajectory correction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S4 includes the following steps: S4.1, Dough collection operation start-up and continuous monitoring: Start the dough collection device and make it start working along the preset trajectory; the laser generator continuously emits laser, and the trajectory deviation alarm device makes real-time judgment based on the signal from the laser receiver; S4.2, Offset Recognition and Alarm Triggering: During operation, if the trajectory of the receiving device deviates, the laser beam will deviate from the effective receiving surface of the laser receiver; the trajectory offset alarm device will then trigger an alarm signal. S4.3, Manual Intervention and Trajectory Correction: After receiving an alarm signal, the operator can operate the control mechanism of the dough collection device to make immediate fine adjustments to its direction of travel without stopping the equipment; S4.4, Correction Confirmation and Alarm Cancellation: Through continuous and immediate adjustment until the laser beam is stably received by the laser receiver again, the trajectory deviation alarm device automatically stops alarming, indicating that the trajectory has returned to the correct path; The system continues to execute the cycle from S4.1 to S4.4, realizing closed-loop control of "monitoring-alarm-correction-confirmation" throughout the entire process.

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