Electrolysis system, energy balancing system, method for balancing electrical power in electrical network, computer program, controller and electrical energy source

Abstract

An electrolysis system, an energy balancing system, a method for balancing electrical power in an electrical grid, a computer program, a controller and an electrical energy source. The invention relates to an electrolysis system (1) and an energy balancing system (10) comprising a renewable electrical energy source (2) and an electrolysis system (1) electrically connected wherein the electrical power production of the renewable electrical energy source (2) is controlled by a generator controller (5) and the electrical power absorption of an electrolysis process (5) by an electrolysis system (3) is controlled by a main power controller (2) and an electrolysis controller (4). The electrolysis controller (4) is adapted to determine the ability of the electrolysis system (3) to convert any additional electrical power and to transmit to the main power controller (2) and / or to the generator controller (12) an indicator value (7) indicative of whether the electrolysis process (5) is able to absorb any additional electrical power for adjusting the amount of production and / or absorption of electrical power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to electrolysis systems, energy balancing systems, methods for balancing electrical power in a power grid, computer programs, controllers, and electrical energy sources. Background Technology

[0002] A characteristic of renewable energy sources is their production nature, which can sometimes be random and unpredictable. Furthermore, due to environmental conditions such as gusts of wind or cloud cover, electrical energy production can vary significantly over short periods, making it impossible to control with the main controller of the renewable energy source. Currently, in the case of wind turbines, such variations can be mitigated through common power reduction strategies or pitch systems. Many systems and even standards (e.g., maximum power point tracking) have been designed to smooth out variations in electrical energy production. However, many renewable energy sources still contribute to grid instability due to the random and unpredictable nature of their power production.

[0003] CA2741129A1 illustrates a power dispatch system for hydrogen production via wind-powered electrolysis. CA3188123A1 illustrates a grid-supported electrolyzer, and US2022 / 0065162A1 illustrates an integrated power production and storage system.

[0004] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an enhanced energy balancing system that smooths out variations during electrical energy production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] A solution is provided according to the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous additional embodiments of the invention are described by way of dependent claims, the following description, and drawings.

[0006] The present invention relates to an electrolysis system for energy harvesting having the features of claim 1, the electrolysis system comprising a main power controller adapted to control the amount of electrical power absorbed via electrical terminals, and an electrolysis controller adapted to control the amount of electrical power converted into energy carriers through an electrolysis process, wherein the main power controller and the electrolysis controller are connected via a communication network.

[0007] The electrolysis system is characterized in that the electrolysis controller is adapted to transmit an indicator value, which indicates whether the electrolysis process can convert any additional electrical power, to the main power controller via a communication network.

[0008] In other words, an electrolysis process can be a chemical process that converts chemical inputs into energy carriers using electrical power. The energy carrier can be hydrogen or synthetic fuels. For example, hydrogen can be produced from chemical inputs (such as water) through an electrolysis process. An electrolysis system may include multiple electrolysis processes connected in series, and optionally each process can be activated or deactivated by an electrolysis controller.

[0009] An electrolysis controller can be adapted to determine or report that the electrolysis process cannot absorb any additional electrical power, and is adapted to determine an index value indicating whether the electrolysis process can absorb any additional electrical power. The index value can be a software-based binary value, such as 0 and 1 or high and low. Therefore, the index value can send a signal to the corresponding controller indicating whether the additional electrical power can be converted into an energy carrier.

[0010] For example, an index value can indicate whether the electrolysis system as a whole is able to absorb any (additional) electrical energy.

[0011] Additionally or alternatively, the index value can indicate whether the electrolysis process is able to convert any (additional) electrical energy.

[0012] Due to the internal processes of the electrolysis system and / or because the electrolysis process is already operating at maximum level and / or due to heat, the electrolysis process may not be able to absorb or convert any additional electrical power.

[0013] Alternatively, the electrolysis system may be unable to absorb any additional electrical power because the energy carrier reservoir is full and / or because at least one reservoir of the chemical input has been depleted. For example, the electrolysis controller may be adapted to measure the amount of chemical input and the amount of energy carrier output from the electrolysis process. The electrolysis controller may be adapted to measure the levels of chemical input and energy carrier in their respective reservoirs and compare them to corresponding safety thresholds.

[0014] The electrolysis controller may include or be a rectifier adapted to output direct current based on an electrical power input from the main power controller of the electrolysis system, wherein the electrical power input may correspond to electrical power received via electrical terminals. For example, the electrolysis controller may be adapted to output a DC voltage corresponding to the amount of electrical power received via electrical terminals and / or the amount of electrical power input from the main power controller. The electrolysis controller may be adapted to measure the electrical power input supplied to the electrolysis process.

[0015] Additionally or alternatively, the electrolysis controller may be adapted to activate and / or deactivate a corresponding electrolysis process among multiple series-connected electrolysis processes in accordance with the amount of electrical power input.

[0016] Additionally or alternatively, the electrolysis system may also include a combined controller, which includes a main power controller and an electrolysis controller.

[0017] Alternatively, the electrolysis system can be a battery, and the electrolysis process can be the charging process of the battery.

[0018] The communication network can be a wired (especially electrical or optical data) connection and / or a wireless data connection between the electrolysis controller and the main power controller. The communication network can also connect additional controllers, such as the generator controller of an electrical energy source (especially a renewable electrical energy source). Therefore, absorbing electrical power through the electrolysis system can refer to consuming electrical power and / or converting electrical power received from a renewable electrical energy source or from the power grid via electrical terminals into an energy carrier.

[0019] In an electrolysis system, the main power controller and the electrolysis controller can have different cycle times, meaning they can read input values ​​and write output values ​​at different frequencies. This can create dead time, where the two cycles do not overlap, and further destabilize the power grid because the main power controller's control over the amount of electrical power absorbed is inconsistent with the amount of electrical power converted by the electrolysis process.

[0020] Indicator values ​​can help overcome the issue of differing cycle times between the main power controller and the electrolysis controller. These indicators can send signals to the main power controller and / or the generator controller indicating whether the electrolysis system can absorb any (additional) power. Based on these indicators, the main power controller, acting as the electrolysis controller, can adjust the power input supplied to the electrolysis process, thereby rewriting the electrolysis controller's commands. The electrolysis controller can then continue to operate as a rectifier, generating direct current (DC) corresponding to the power input for the electrolysis process, such as a DC voltage.

[0021] Renewable energy sources can convert natural forces (such as gusts of wind or solar radiation) into electrical power, which can be supplied to the grid in a network configuration or directly to an electrolysis system in an islanded configuration. The electrolysis system can be connected to the grid and / or the renewable energy source via electrical terminals to collect electrical power produced by the renewable energy source or any excess electrical power. The energy carrier can then be converted back into electrical power, thereby storing the electrical energy produced by the renewable energy source. For example, hydrogen can be converted into electrical power through fuel cells and / or converted into methane and burned in a gas-fired power plant.

[0022] This offers the following advantages: the electrolysis system converts varying electrical power inputs from renewable energy sources and, additionally, from the power grid connected to those renewable energy sources, into energy carriers for later use. Furthermore, this allows for the regulation of power consumption to unpredictable and randomly varying power production, thereby providing energy harvesting and additional network stability.

[0023] Furthermore, the proposed solution offers advantages in utilizing existing hardware architecture, requiring no changes to the existing hardware, particularly for the cycle times of multiple controllers from different manufacturers in the electrolysis system and power source. Therefore, since the software-based solution can be integrated into existing hardware or electrical architecture, this does not increase costs. Consequently, it does not increase controller complexity.

[0024] Furthermore, the computational workload of different controllers can be reduced because, by using the software-based solution, there is no need to align multiple controllers with a consistent minimum cycle time. Aligning cycle times requires aligning minimum cycle times provided by different manufacturers, which increases the computational load on the controllers and thus increases power consumption. These drawbacks can be overcome by using the software-based solution.

[0025] According to the invention, if an index value indicates that the electrolysis process can convert any additional electrical power, the main power controller is adapted to, at least partially, regulate the electrical power input of the electrolysis process to electrical power absorbed via the electrical terminals, instead of the electrolysis controller. In other words, if the index value indicates that the electrolysis process can absorb any (additional) electrical power, the main power controller can be adapted to rewrite the commands of the electrolysis controller. For this purpose, the main power controller can be adapted to adjust the conversion rate of electrical power into energy carriers through the electrolysis process until the electrolysis controller transmits an index value indicating that the electrolysis process cannot convert any (additional) electrical power. Then, the main power controller can stop rewriting the commands of the electrolysis controller and / or the electrolysis controller can resume control of the electrolysis process.

[0026] For example, the electrolysis controller and / or main power controller may be adapted to provide direct current (DC) to the electrolysis process corresponding to the electrical power absorbed via the terminals or corresponding to the electrical power input, particularly when the index value indicates that the electrolysis process can absorb any (additional) electrical power. The main power controller may also include a rectifier, or the electrolysis controller may continue to output DC power corresponding to the electrical power input supplied by the main power controller.

[0027] The electrolysis controller can be adapted to calculate index values ​​based on the output limits of the energy carrier (e.g., storage limits) and / or the storage limits of the chemical inputs used in the electrolysis process. The energy carrier can be hydrogen and / or methane, and the output limits can correspond to safety limits or be associated with the limits of the storage devices used to store the hydrogen and / or methane produced by the electrolysis process.

[0028] This offers the following advantages: it ensures that the variation in electrical energy absorbed through the terminals by the electrolysis process is consistent with the variation in electrical power produced by the renewable energy source absorbed through the terminals, thereby smoothing out the variation in produced electrical power that would otherwise destabilize the power grid. Therefore, it provides a balanced supply of electrical power to the grid, and excess electrical power produced can be collected for later use.

[0029] The present invention also includes embodiments that provide other advantages.

[0030] In one embodiment, if an index value indicates that the electrolysis system can convert any additional electrical power, the electrolysis controller and / or the main power controller are adapted to at least partially regulate the conversion of electrical power into energy carriers through the electrolysis process to a maximum level. In other words, if the electrolysis controller is set with an index value indicating that the electrolysis process can convert any additional electrical power, the electrolysis controller may be adapted to set the electrical energy input of the electrolysis process to a maximum level, such as a maximum temperature level and / or a maximum DC voltage level and / or a maximum pressure level. The electrical power input of the electrolysis process may be directly supplied by the main power controller, which replaces the electrolysis controller. The electrolysis controller may be adapted to set the electrolysis process or the electrical power input of the electrolysis process to said maximum level until the electrolysis controller determines that the electrolysis process cannot absorb any (additional) electrical power.

[0031] Additionally or alternatively, the electrolysis controller may be adapted to activate multiple electrolysis processes connected in series, with the multiple electrolysis processes being directly powered by a main power controller that replaces the electrolysis controller.

[0032] If the main power controller supplies electrical power input to the electrolysis process below the maximum level, the electrolysis process can at least partially absorb the electrical energy supplied to the electrolysis system via the electrical terminals, thereby ensuring that the variation in absorbed electrical power is consistent with the electrical power produced by the renewable energy source.

[0033] This offers the following advantages: variations in electrical power produced by renewable energy sources can be smoothed out, and network stability can be improved.

[0034] In one embodiment, the index value includes a tolerance parameter indicating the amount of additional electrical power that the electrolysis process can convert. In other words, the index value includes a tolerance parameter indicating the amount of (additional) electrical power that the electrolysis system can absorb. Additionally, the electrolysis controller may be adapted to compare the current DC voltage value with a reference DC threshold voltage value or a maximum DC threshold voltage value for the electrolysis process to determine the tolerance parameter. Additionally or alternatively, the electrolysis controller may be adapted to compare the level of the storage of chemical inputs and / or energy carrier outputs with the maximum threshold and / or heat and / or pressure levels of the electrolysis process to determine the tolerance parameter.

[0035] The electrolysis controller can be adapted to transmit software-based variables to the power supply controller, the variables including the amount of (additional) electrical power and / or electrical energy that the electrolysis system can convert into energy carriers.

[0036] The main power controller can be adapted to receive the tolerance parameter, specifically a substitute index value. Furthermore, the main power controller can be adapted to receive both the index value and the tolerance parameter, and compare the tolerance parameter with a threshold. The main power controller can be adapted to adjust the amount of electrical power absorbed via the electrical terminals according to the comparison result of the tolerance parameter and the threshold. For example, if the current amount of electrical power absorbed via the electrical terminals reaches a first threshold, the main power supply controller can be adapted to reduce the amount of electrical power absorbed, and optionally transmit an index value indicating a slowdown or reduction in electrical power production to the generator controller of the renewable energy source.

[0037] This provides the following advantages: better prediction of power generation and absorption, which can further reduce the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) of the power grid to which the electrolysis system is connected. In one embodiment, the main power controller is adapted to measure reference values ​​of the power grid connected to the electrical terminals, particularly the network frequency and / or network voltage, wherein optionally, the main power controller is adapted to adjust the absorption of power received via the electrical terminals based on the reference values, particularly if the index values ​​indicate that the electrolysis system is capable of converting any additional power. In other words, the main power controller may be adapted to measure the network frequency and / or network voltage at the electrical terminals of the electrolysis system, and may be further adapted to increase or decrease the absorption of power received via the electrical terminals.

[0038] This offers the following advantages: the electrolysis system can contribute to network stability by smoothing out variations in the electrical power produced by renewable energy sources.

[0039] Furthermore, the electrolysis system is independent of whether the power grid to which the electrolysis system is connected is an AC or DC power grid.

[0040] Another object of the present invention is to provide an energy balancing system having the features of claim 5, comprising an electrolysis system as described above, and an electrical energy source, particularly a renewable electrical energy source, wherein the electrolysis system and the electrical energy source are optionally electrically connected to or via a power grid. In other words, the energy balancing system may include a renewable electrical energy source and an electrolysis system, which are electrically connected in an islanded configuration, or alternatively connected to or via a grid in a network configuration. In an islanded configuration, all electrical power produced by the renewable electrical energy source can be collected by the electrolysis system, while in a network-operated configuration, sudden changes in the output of the renewable electrical energy source (i.e., power ramps) can be collected by the electrolysis system, which improves network stability. Power ramps may be due to sudden changes in environmental conditions of the renewable energy source, such as sudden gusts of wind or changes in solar irradiance due to cloud cover. The renewable electrical energy source may be a wind turbine or a solar cell, or a combination thereof. This provides the advantages of improved network stability and further reduction of energy losses due to network instability. In one embodiment, the power output of the electrical energy source is controlled by a generator controller connected to a communication network. The main power controller and / or electrolysis controller of the electrolysis system are adapted to transmit an indicator value indicating whether the electrolysis process can convert any additional electrical power to the generator controller via the communication network. In other words, the generator controller can be a controller for a generator driven by a renewable energy source's power generation equipment, or a controller for a solar cell adapted to control the power output. If the indicator value indicates that the electrolysis process cannot convert any (additional) electrical power, the generator controller can be adapted to reduce the power output through common power control or a power reduction algorithm.

[0041] Additionally or alternatively, the main power controller and / or electrolysis controller can be adapted to measure reference values ​​of the power grid, such as network frequency and / or network voltage. The electrolysis controller can be adapted to adjust the amount of electrical power absorbed and / or the amount of electrical energy converted into energy carriers relative to the measured reference values. Furthermore, the generator controller can be adapted to adjust the amount of electrical power produced corresponding to the reference values. This provides the advantage that the electrolysis system can additionally function as a buffer system, thereby smoothing out variations in electrical power produced by renewable energy sources, which improves network stability.

[0042] In one embodiment, if the index value indicates that the electrolysis process cannot convert any additional electrical power, the generator controller is adapted to reduce the electrical power production of the energy source, particularly through a braking chopper and / or arc suppression circuit and / or droop speed control. In other words, if the index value indicates that the electrolysis system cannot absorb any (additional) electrical power, the generator controller may be adapted to reduce the electrical power production of the renewable energy source; and if the index value indicates that the electrolysis system can absorb any (additional) electrical power, the generator controller may be adapted not to reduce the electrical power production.

[0043] Additionally or alternatively, the generator controller of the renewable energy source may be adapted to receive index values ​​and / or tolerance parameter values ​​via a communication network, and to adjust the amount of electrical power produced accordingly to the index values ​​and / or tolerance parameters. Regarding the renewable energy source, adjusting the generator controller may refer to reducing the amount of electrical power produced or not reducing or slowing down the amount of electrical power produced. For example, if the tolerance parameter reaches a first threshold, the generator controller may be adapted to reduce the amount of electrical power produced, while if the tolerance parameter reaches a second threshold, the generator controller may be adapted not to reduce the amount of electrical power produced.

[0044] This offers the following advantages: it can improve the stability of the network on the power production side, where the electrolysis system can be used as a buffer system to smooth out variations in power produced by renewable energy sources.

[0045] The present invention also relates to a method for balancing electrical power in a power grid having the features of claim 8, the power grid being electrically connected to an electrical energy source, particularly a renewable electrical energy source, and electrically connected to an electrolysis system, wherein the amount of electrical power produced by the electrical energy source is controlled by a generator controller, and wherein the amount of electrical power absorbed by the electrolysis system from the electrical energy source (particularly via the power grid) is controlled by a main power controller, and wherein the amount of electrical power converted into energy carriers through the electrolysis process of the electrolysis system is controlled by an electrolysis controller, the method comprising the following steps: - The electrolysis controller determines the ability of the electrolysis process to convert any additional electrical power into an energy carrier, and transmits the index value indicating whether the electrolysis process can convert any additional electrical power to the main power controller of the electrolysis system via the communication network connecting the electrolysis controller and the main power controller. - If the index value indicates that the electrolysis process can convert any additional electrical power, then the main power controller, instead of the electrolysis controller, at least partially regulates the electrical power input of the electrolysis process to the electrical power absorbed from the electrical energy source.

[0046] In other words, the electrolysis controller can determine the limits of the storage capacity of the energy carrier (e.g., hydrogen), thereby determining whether the electrolysis process can convert any (additional) electrical power. An electrolysis process capable of converting any additional electrical power can mean that the storage capacity of the energy carrier can have an additional storage capacity up to a threshold limit.

[0047] Additionally or alternatively, if the voltage value reaches a voltage threshold and / or a temperature threshold, the electrolysis controller can determine that the electrolysis process cannot absorb any (additional) electrical power.

[0048] For example, the indicator value can be a software-based binary value, such as 1 indicating that the electrolysis system can convert any additional electrical power, and 0 indicating that the electrolysis system cannot convert any additional electrical power, and vice versa. Adjusting the electrical power input of the electrolysis process via the main power controller can be done by increasing or decreasing the voltage level, or by activating or deactivating at least one other electrolysis process that operates in series with and / or is connected in series with the electrolysis process in the electrolysis system. For example, the electrolysis controller can activate or deactivate a corresponding electrolysis process among multiple electrolysis processes connected in series.

[0049] This offers the following advantages: the electrolysis system can be used as a buffer system, thereby providing network stability and providing collected electrical power, which can then be consumed, thus converting the energy carrier into electrical power.

[0050] In one embodiment, the method further includes the following steps: - If the index value indicates that the electrolysis process can convert any additional electrical power, the amount of electrical power conversion of the electrolysis process is adjusted to the maximum level at least partially by the main power controller and / or the electrolysis controller.

[0051] In other words, the main power controller, which replaces the electrolysis controller, can activate or deactivate the corresponding electrolysis process in multiple electrolysis processes connected in series. For example, the main power controller can activate all electrolysis processes in multiple electrolysis processes connected in series.

[0052] Additionally or alternatively, if the index value indicates that the electrolysis process can convert any (additional) electrical power, the main power controller and / or the electrolysis controller may set the command for the corresponding electrolysis process to produce energy carriers in the largest possible quantity, or set the target value for the energy carriers produced by the corresponding electrolysis process to a (maximum) threshold value.

[0053] This allows the electrolysis process to convert electrical power received directly from the electrical terminals and / or via the main power controller, thereby converting the electrical power produced by the electrical energy source into an energy carrier through the electrolysis process.

[0054] This offers the following advantages: the electrolysis system can be used as a buffer system to smooth out variations in the electrical power production of the renewable energy source and to collect electrical power that can subsequently be consumed by the conversion of energy carriers.

[0055] In one embodiment, the method further includes the following steps: - The index values ​​are transmitted to the generator controller via the main power controller and / or electrolysis controller through the communication network, and the communication network connects the generator controller to the main power controller and / or electrolysis controller of the electrolysis system; - If the index value indicates that the electrolysis process cannot convert any additional electrical power, the electrical power production of the power source is reduced by the generator controller, especially by the braking chopper and / or arc suppression circuit and / or droop speed control.

[0056] In other words, the generator controller receives a target value and adjusts the amount of electrical power produced based on that target value. If the target value indicates that the electrolysis process can convert any (additional) electrical power, the generator controller may increase the amount of electrical power produced or not take any measures to reduce the amount of electrical power produced.

[0057] Additionally or alternatively, the indicator value may include or may be a tolerance value indicating the amount of (additional) electrical power that the electrolysis process can convert. The generator controller may receive the tolerance value and adjust the amount of electrical power produced based on the tolerance value. For example, if the tolerance value reaches a first threshold, the generator controller may reduce the amount of electrical power produced, and / or if the tolerance parameter reaches a second threshold, the amount of electrical power produced may not be reduced.

[0058] This offers the following advantages: the power ramp of renewable energy sources can be predicted, thereby improving the buffering of electrical power.

[0059] In one embodiment, the method further includes the following steps: - Measure reference values ​​of the power grid, particularly the network frequency and / or network voltage, through the generator controller and / or main power controller; - Compare the reference value with the threshold value using the generator controller and / or main power controller; - The electrical power output of the power source is adjusted relative to a reference value by the generator controller and / or the electrical power absorption of the electrolysis system is adjusted by the main power controller, especially if the index value indicates that the electrolysis process can convert any additional electrical power.

[0060] In other words, the main power controller and / or electrolysis controller can adjust the amount of electrical power converted into energy carriers through the electrolysis process in accordance with a reference value.

[0061] Additionally or alternatively, the generator controller adjusts the power output based on reference values ​​and optionally on index values ​​and / or tolerance parameters from the main power controller and / or electrolysis controller of the electrolysis system. For example, if the grid reference value is higher than a reference network frequency or network voltage, and the index values ​​and / or tolerance parameters further indicate that the electrolysis process can convert any (additional) power, the generator controller may not reduce the power output. If the grid reference value is higher than a reference frequency or network voltage, and the index values ​​and / or tolerance parameters further indicate that the electrolysis process cannot convert any (additional) power, the generator controller may reduce the power output.

[0062] Additionally or alternatively, if the reference value is lower than the reference network frequency or network voltage, and the index value and / or tolerance parameters indicate that the electrolysis system cannot convert any (additional) electrical power, the generator controller may not reduce the amount of electrical power produced. This provides the advantage of further buffering the power ramp of the renewable energy source, thereby improving network stability.

[0063] The present invention also relates to a computer program having the features of claim 12, the computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer (particularly a generator controller and / or a main power controller and / or an electrolysis controller), cause the computer to perform the steps of the method described above. In other words, the indicator value can be a software-based binary variable indicating whether the electrolysis system is capable of converting any (additional) electrical power into energy carriers, and this indicator value is transmitted between controllers via a communication network. Furthermore, the indicator value is independent of the cycle time of the respective controller. This provides the advantage that no changes to the existing hardware architecture are required.

[0064] The present invention also relates to a controller having the features of claim 13, particularly a generator controller and / or a main power controller and / or an electrolysis controller, comprising a computer-readable storage medium on which the aforementioned computer program is stored. In other words, the controller may be a programmable logic controller (PLC). The controller may include at least one processor and a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium includes instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the controller to perform the steps of the method described above. In other words, the at least one processor may be a microprocessor and / or a microcontroller and / or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and / or a DSP (Digital Signal Processor).

[0065] This offers the following advantage: no changes to the existing hardware architecture are required.

[0066] The present invention also relates to an electrical energy source, particularly a renewable electrical energy source having the features of claim 14. In other words, the electrical energy source or renewable energy source can be a wind turbine unit or a solar energy unit including the controller described above.

[0067] The present invention also relates to the application of a combination of features from multiple embodiments described in the embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0068] The invention will be more readily understood by referring to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This diagram shows an overview of the network and controller data of an energy source grid connected to a renewable electrical energy source and an electrolysis system, but not connected to an energy balancing system. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the energy balance system, including the electrolysis system, is shown. Figure 3 The impact on the network and controller of the AC power grid, including the energy balance system, is illustrated. Figure 4 The impact on the data of the DC grid network and controller, including the energy balance system, is shown; Figure 5 The effects of network and controller data on the combination of energy balance system and droop control are shown; and Figure 6 An overview of the method for balancing the power grid as described above is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions may be omitted to avoid redundancy.

[0070] Figure 1 The first chart on the left shows the exemplary time interval. T The above is an example of varying electrical power production from renewable energy sources (RE sources), such as wind turbines or solar panels, while electrical power consumption remains constant. This is due to unpredictable environmental conditions, such as varying wind conditions or solar radiation, which cannot be controlled and are therefore unpredictable and random. This causes variations in electrical power generation.

[0071] The varying electrical power production of the renewable energy source is supplied to the grid, where the electrical power must be consumed simultaneously to keep the grid stable.

[0072] In AC power grids, network frequency and the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) can be used as indicators of grid balance and stability, as shown in the second icon and third chart on the left.

[0073] In an AC power grid, the grid frequency can be an indicator of the grid's power balance, and it must be equal to zero. When other conditions (such as additional consumption) remain constant, the varying power production of renewable energy sources causes the grid's power balance to change in the same way as the power production of renewable energy sources. This further causes the grid's power balance to change in the same way as the power production of renewable energy sources, as shown in the fourth graph on the left. Therefore, when other conditions remain constant, the aforementioned varying power production of renewable energy sources causes the grid frequency to fluctuate in the same way as the power production, for example, approximately... 50 / 60 Hz Reference frequency. This results in an exemplary time interval. T The rate of change of frequency on it increases.

[0074] However, network frequency can be within a certain threshold range. Lim 1 and Lim 2 Internal changes can help stabilize the power grid. For example, Lim 1 It can represent the dead zone, which can be the tolerance range in which the power grid can remain stable without intervention. Lim 2 This can be the maximum tolerance range required to trigger network stabilization measures (such as increasing power output or reducing temporary network load). This applies when network frequency and / or network voltage are at their first limits. Lim 1 Second Limit Lim 2 When the levels fluctuate, energy balancing measures can be triggered. The balance of the power grid can be improved by buffering the electrical power produced by renewable energy sources. For example, this can be achieved by using an electrolysis system to produce hydrogen, which is supplied with electrical power produced by a renewable energy source.

[0075] The electrolysis system is controlled at time intervals by the main power controller and the electrolysis controller. T The main power controller and electrolysis controller regulate the electrical power absorbed by the electrolysis system into electrical power produced by the renewable energy source. The main power controller and / or electrolysis controller at least partially regulate the electrical power absorbed by the electrolysis system into electrical power supplied to the grid by the renewable energy source.

[0076] However, the amount of electrical power converted through the electrolysis process remains constant and can be slowly adjusted by the electrolysis controller, such as... Figure 1The fifth chart on the left shows this. This is due to the cycle time of the electrolysis controller. T s,2 Relatively long, cycle time T s,2 This indicates the minimum computation time for the electrolysis controller. Furthermore, the electrolysis process itself has a certain inertia, which... Figure 1 The fifth chart on the left is represented by a dashed line. Therefore, the electrolysis controller is too slow to adjust the conversion of electrical energy into energy carriers (such as hydrogen) through the electrolysis process in order to keep pace with the changing power production of the renewable energy source.

[0077] In addition, the cycle time with the main power controller T s,1 In comparison, the cycle time of the electrolysis controller T s,2 The time frame is relatively long, thus it cannot respond promptly to changes in power generation to maintain a zero-balance grid. Furthermore, as... Figure 1 The first and second graphs on the right show the cycle time of the controller for the electrolysis system. T s,2 Cycle time of the main power controller T s,1 Misalignment. Typically, the cycle time of the electrolysis controller... T s,2 Cycle time of the main power controller or generator controller of the renewable energy source T s,1 The cycle time is relatively longer, and the main power controller or generator controller is more sensitive to power fluctuations. This misalignment between the controllers of the electrolysis system and the renewable energy source prevents the grid from achieving equilibrium and can introduce dead zones or further instability. Despite the cycle time... T s,1 and T s,2 The alignment seems obvious, but controllers are often manufactured by different companies, making such alignment of cycle times difficult to achieve, or at the cost of a minimum common cycle time, which increases computational complexity. This drawback will be addressed through methods such as... Figure 2 The energy balance system of the present invention, as shown, overcomes this limitation.

[0078] Figure 2An energy balancing system 10 is shown, comprising an electrically connected renewable energy source 11 and an electrolysis system 1. The renewable energy source 11 may be a wind turbine or a solar cell. The electrolysis system 10 may include electrical terminals 3 to provide electrical connection to the renewable energy source 11 and / or the power grid 9. The electrolysis system 1 may also include a main power controller 2, adapted to control the amount of electrical power absorbed by the electrolysis system 1 via the electrical terminals 3, wherein the electrolysis system 1 is also adapted to convert the electrical power received via the electrical terminals 3 into an energy carrier through an electrolysis process 5. The electrolysis process 5 may be an electrolysis module, optionally adapted to be connected in series with other electrolysis modules. The amount of electrical power converted into an energy carrier is controlled by an electrolysis controller 4, which includes a rectifier to output direct current for the electrolysis process 5. For example, the electrolysis controller 4 is adapted to activate or deactivate a corresponding electrolysis process 5 among a plurality of electrolysis processes 5 connected in series.

[0079] Additionally or alternatively, the electrolysis controller 4 may be adapted to measure the amount of chemical input, at least one voltage, and the amount of energy carrier to control the electrolysis process 5.

[0080] Additionally or alternatively, the electrolysis controller 4 may be adapted to output DC power corresponding to the electrical power received via the electrical terminals 3. The renewable energy source 11 and the electrolysis system 1 are directly connected via an electrical link or optionally via the power grid 9 of the islanded configuration 11. Alternatively, the renewable energy source 11 and the electrolysis system 1 are connected to the power grid 9 in a network configuration 14, wherein the power grid 9 may include other temporary electrical loads 15.

[0081] Additionally, the electrolysis controller 4 is adapted to determine the ability of the electrolysis system 5 to convert any (additional) electrical power. For example, the electrolysis controller 4 is adapted to measure the limits of the storage of chemical inputs and / or energy carriers, and compare the corresponding limits with corresponding thresholds to determine index values ​​7.

[0082] Additionally or alternatively, the electrolysis controller 4 is adapted to determine an index value 7 indicating the ability of the electrolysis process 5 to convert any (additional) electrical power by comparing the current DC voltage value with a threshold voltage value.

[0083] The main power controller 2 and the electrolysis controller 6 are connected to each other via a communication network 6 to exchange data. The communication network 6 can be electrical or optical. The electrolysis controller 4 is adapted to transmit an indicator value 7, indicating whether the electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power, to the main power controller 2 via the communication network 6. The indicator value 7 is a software-based value that is exchanged between the main power controller 2 and the electrolysis controller 4 via the communication network 6, and optionally with the generator controller 12 connected to the communication network 6.

[0084] If indicator 7 indicates that electrolysis process 5 can convert (additionally) electrical power, then main power controller 2 is adapted to rewrite the commands of electrolysis controller 4 used to control electrolysis process 5. Main power controller 2 is also adapted to adjust the conversion amount of electrical power into energy carriers through electrolysis process 5 in accordance with the electrical power received via electrical terminal 3. Electrolysis controller 4 can continue to operate as a rectifier outputting direct current for electrolysis.

[0085] Additionally or alternatively, the main power controller 2 and / or the electrolysis controller 4 at least partially regulate the conversion of electrical power into energy carriers by the electrolysis process to a maximum value. For example, the maximum value may be a DC voltage value and / or the number of electrolysis processes 5 activated or deactivated among multiple electrolysis processes 5 connected in series.

[0086] This allows the power ramp of the renewable energy source 11 (e.g., due to rapidly changing wind conditions or solar radiation) to be buffered by the electrolysis system 2, which improves the stability of the power grid.

[0087] Alternatively or additionally, if the electrolysis controller 4 determines that the electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power, the electrolysis controller 4 and / or the main power controller 2 are adapted to send an indicator value 7 to the generator controller 12 via the communication network 6 to which the generator controller 12 is connected. If the indicator value 7 indicates that the electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power, the generator controller 12 is adapted not to reduce the electrical power production of the renewable energy source 11, and / or if the indicator value 7 indicates that the electrolysis process 5 cannot convert any (additional) electrical power, the generator controller 12 is adapted to reduce the electrical power production. For example, the generator controller 12 may be adapted to reduce the electrical power production by means of a braking chopper and / or an arc suppression circuit, and / or by means of droop speed control.

[0088] Additionally, the index value 7 may include or may be a tolerance parameter 8, which indicates the amount of (additional) electrical power that the electrolysis process 5 can convert. The tolerance parameter is determined by the electrolysis controller 4, for example, based on a comparison between the current DC voltage value and the maximum voltage value, and / or based on a comparison of the pressure and / or calorific value of the chemical input and / or energy carrier output. The tolerance parameter 8 is transmitted from the electrolysis controller 4 and / or the main power controller 2 to the generator controller 12 via the communication network 6. If the tolerance parameter 8 reaches a first threshold, the generator controller 12 is adapted to reduce the amount of electrical power produced, while if the tolerance parameter 8 reaches a second threshold, the generator controller 12 is adapted not to reduce the amount of electrical power produced.

[0089] Therefore, the energy source electrolysis system 1 is suitable for use as a temporary energy-consuming device when the renewable electrical energy source 11 produces excess electrical power. Furthermore, the energy carrier produced by the electrolysis system 1 can subsequently be converted into electrical power, for example, through a fuel cell and / or a gas-fired power plant.

[0090] Therefore, as Figure 3 China targets AC power grid 9 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure for DC power grid 9, the interference caused by changes in environmental conditions to the network stability of power grid 4 by renewable energy source 11 is reduced.

[0091] Figure 3 This illustrates the energy balance system 1 in an AC power grid. Figure 1 time interval T The impact on the network frequency of power grid 9. Figure 1 Energy balance system and Figure 3 The difference between energy balance systems lies in the time interval. T During this period, the indicator value 7, which indicates that the electrolysis process 6 can convert any (additional) electrical power, is at the switching point. t 0 The data is transmitted from the electrolysis controller 4 to the main power controller 2, such as... Figure 3 As shown in the first chart on the left. For example, when the index value reaches the value "1", the index value 7 can indicate that the electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power, while the index value "0" can indicate that the electrolysis process 5 cannot convert any (additional) electrical power.

[0092] In time interval T During this period, the renewable energy source (RE source) 11 continues to produce electrical power in an unpredictable and random manner, where the level of production varies as follows: Figure 3 The second chart on the left is shown.

[0093] Figure 3 The third graph on the left shows the electrical power absorbed through electrolysis system 1, which remains at a constant level or zero. The electrical power absorption is controlled by the main power controller 2. At the switching point... t 0 At this point, an index value 7 indicating that the electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power is received as a software-based variable by the main power controller 2. This can trigger the main power controller 2 to rewrite the commands of the electrolysis controller 4 and adjust the electrical power input of the electrolysis process 5 to the electrical power received or absorbed via the electrical terminals 3 of the electrolysis system 1. This causes the electrolysis process 5 to convert the electrical power produced by the renewable energy source 11 in the same way as the electrical power produced by the renewable energy source 11. This allows the electrical power produced by the renewable energy source 11 to be balanced with the electrical power consumed by the electrolysis system 1, which forms a balance such as Figure 3 The fourth chart on the left shows the equilibrium network 9. Furthermore, this reduces the rate of frequency change, thus keeping it within the second limit. Lim 2 Inside, such as Figure 3 As shown in the fifth chart on the left, the network frequency remains at the first limit. Lim 1 Inside, such as Figure 3 The first chart on the right shows this. Therefore, the power grid is affected by the switching point. t 0 And thus become more stable.

[0094] Furthermore, since software-based index value 7 is used for transmission between the electrolysis controller 4, the main power controller 2, and the optional generator controller 12, no modifications to the hardware architecture are required, such as... Figure 3 The second and third charts on the right illustrate this. Here, the exchange of indicator values ​​between the electrolysis controller and the main power controller allows for different cycle times. T s,1 and T s,2 This allows the energy balance system 1 to be adapted and applied to existing systems.

[0095] Figure 4 This illustrates the energy balance system 1 in a DC power grid during time intervals. T The impact of the above on the network voltage of power grid 9, where network voltage is an indicator of network stability. Figure 4 The first chart on the left depicts the indicator value at the switching point. t 0 The change at the point, where the value "1" can indicate that the electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical energy. This can trigger the power controller 2 to rewrite the command of the electrolysis controller 4, and corresponds to the electrical power absorbed by the electrolysis system 1 from the renewable energy source 11 and / or from the power grid 9 via the electrical terminal 3, which will be converted into energy carriers by the electrolysis process 5.

[0096] Figure 4 The second chart on the left depicts the time interval T The unpredictable and random production of electrical power on the grid 9, where electrical power is supplied in direct current via a renewable energy source 11. In the DC grid 9, the rated network voltage can vary in the same manner as the network frequency in the AC grid 9 due to the varying environmental conditions of the renewable energy source 11.

[0097] Therefore, the rated voltage value can be within certain limits. Lim 1 and Lim 2Internal changes are made to keep network 9 stable. Here, Lim 1 It depicts the limits of the dead zone, and Lim 2 This can be a threshold limit used to actively balance the power grid 9 by adjusting the production and / or consumption of electrical power in order to keep the power grid 9 in a stable state. As can be seen from the fifth graph on the left, because the production and consumption of electrical power are balanced by the electrolysis system 1, the rated voltage changes from the switching point... t 0 Start maintaining the dead zone limit Lim 1 Inside.

[0098] The third diagram on the left shows the electrolysis system 1 from the switching point. t 0 The initial electrical power absorption corresponds to the electrical power produced by renewable energy sources. The power grid transitions from the switching point... t 0 A balance is initially achieved, where the amount of electrical power produced corresponds to the amount of electrical power absorbed by electrolysis system 1, such as... Figure 4 As shown in the fourth chart on the left.

[0099] When index value 7 is set to "1" and electrolysis system 1 absorbs additional electrical power produced by renewable energy source 11, the voltage fluctuation of renewable energy source 11 remains within the first limit. Lim 1 Inside, it starts from the switching point t 0 Initially, no proactive network balancing measures are required, such as... Figure 4 As shown in the fifth chart on the left.

[0100] also, Figure 4 The first and second graphs on the right depict the cycle time of the main power controller. T s,1 and the cycle time of the electrolysis controller T s,2 They do not require matching to balance the production and absorption of electrical power. This is overcome by index value 7, which allows the electrical power input of electrolysis process 5 to be provided directly through the main power controller 2.

[0101] Therefore, the energy balancing system 10 can operate in an AC power grid and / or a DC power grid 9.

[0102] Figure 5The application of the energy balancing system 1 together with the droop control of the generator controller 12 in an AC power grid 4 is illustrated. Due to changing environmental conditions, such as gusts of wind or a sudden increase in solar radiation, the electrical power production of the renewable energy source 11 may cause an increase in the rate of frequency variation and network frequency changes in the AC power grid, such as... Figure 5 The first and second charts on the left are shown.

[0103] If the network frequency is from, for example 50 Hz or 60 Hz The reference value was reduced to the first limit. Lim 1 The following can be achieved by activating temporary energy-consuming devices such as batteries or electrolysis systems to reduce power consumption, such as... Figure 5 The third chart on the left illustrates this. However, droop control for controlling the active and / or reactive power of renewable energy source 11 may be disabled as long as the network frequency is below the reference value. This is likely because the power production of renewable energy source 11 can only be slowed down and not accelerated. Therefore, power production remains random and unpredictable, occurring at time intervals. T Changes occur, such as Figure 5 The first chart on the right shows...

[0104] However, for those energy-consuming devices that are not suitable for switching to a power production mode, they can enter a power reduction mode to reduce power consumption, such as... Figure 5 As shown in the fifth chart on the left.

[0105] Conversely, in the case where, as shown in the second chart on the left, the network frequency is higher than the reference value, temporary power-consuming devices can be disabled (as shown in the third chart on the left), and droop speed control based on a common power reduction algorithm can be activated (as shown in the fourth chart on the left). Furthermore, power-consuming devices can exit power reduction mode, as shown in the fifth chart on the left.

[0106] The measures allow the network frequency to remain around the reference value at its limit. Lim 2 This is to ensure the stability of power grid 9.

[0107] If the electrolysis system 1 can absorb any (additional) electrical power or a certain amount of electrical power, the electrolysis controller 4 transmits an indicator value 7, indicating that the electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power, to the main power controller 2 via the communication network 6. This allows the main power controller 2 to rewrite the commands of the electrolysis controller 4 and adjust the amount of electrical power converted by the electrolysis process 5 to the amount of electrical power produced by the renewable energy source 11, provided that the electrolysis process 5 can absorb any (additional) electrical energy. This is in Figure 5As shown in the second and third graphs on the right. This keeps the network frequency around the reference value at the first limit. Lim 1 Or within the dead zone limit.

[0108] Furthermore, the use of index value 7, which indicates whether the electrolysis process 5 can convert any additional electrical power, as a purely software-based solution, allows for different cycle times for the electrolysis controller 4 and the main power controller 2. T s,1 and T s,2 ,like Figure 5 As shown in the fourth and fifth charts on the right, no changes to the hardware architecture are required.

[0109] Additional or alternative land, indicator value 7 at the switching point t 0 The data is transmitted from the electrolysis controller 4 and / or the main power controller 2 to the generator controller 12. The generator controller is configured to not reduce or slow down the production of electrical power if the index value 7 indicates that the electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power. The generator controller 12 is also configured to slow down or reduce the production of electrical power from the renewable energy source 11, for example, by activating a common power reduction algorithm such as droop control, if the index value 7 indicates that the electrolysis process 5 cannot convert any (additional) electrical power.

[0110] Additionally or alternatively, a tolerance parameter 8, indicating the amount of (additional) electrical power that the electrolysis process 5 can convert, is transmitted via a communication network 6 from the main power controller 2 and / or from the electrolysis controller 4 to the generator controller 12. The generator controller 12 is configured to reduce the amount of electrical power produced if the tolerance parameter 8 reaches a first threshold, and not reduce the amount of electrical power produced if the tolerance parameter 8 reaches a second threshold. The generator controller 12 is also configured to reduce the amount of electrical power produced by activating a common power reduction algorithm (e.g., droop control).

[0111] Alternatively, other network balancing measures can be employed, such as activating or deactivating power-consuming devices, to provide additional mechanisms for ensuring network stability, such as... Figure 5 The third chart on the left is shown.

[0112] Figure 6 A method for balancing the electrical power in a power grid 9 connected to a renewable energy source 11 and an electrolysis system 1 is described, wherein the electrical power production of the renewable energy source 11 is controlled by a generator controller 12, and the electrical power absorption of the electrolysis system 1 is controlled by a main power controller 2, wherein the electrolysis process 5 is controlled by an electrolysis controller 4.

[0113] Figure 6 A method for balancing electrical power in a power grid connected to a renewable energy source 11 and an electrolysis system 1 is described, wherein the amount of electrical power produced by the energy source 11 is controlled by a generator controller 12, and wherein the amount of electrical power absorbed by the electrolysis system 1 from the energy source 11 (particularly via the power grid 9) is controlled by a main power controller 2, and wherein the amount of electrical power converted into energy carriers through the electrolysis process 5 of the electrolysis system 1 is controlled by an electrolysis controller 4.

[0114] In the first step S1, the electrolysis controller 4 determines the ability of the electrolysis process 5 to convert any (additional) electrical power into an energy carrier, and transmits an index value 7 indicating whether the electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power to the main power controller 2 of the electrolysis system 1 via the communication network 6 connecting the electrolysis controller 4 and the main power controller 2.

[0115] In the second step S2, if the index value 7 indicates that the electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power, the main power controller 2, instead of the electrolysis controller 4, at least partially adjusts the electrical power input of the electrolysis process 5 to the electrical power absorbed from the electrical energy source 11.

[0116] Additionally or alternatively, if index value 7 indicates that electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power, then the main power controller 2 and / or electrolysis controller 4 will at least partially adjust the amount of electrical power converted by electrolysis process 5 to the maximum level.

[0117] In the third step S3, the main power controller 2 and / or the electrolysis controller 4 transmit the index value 7 to the generator controller 12 via the communication network 6 that connects the generator controller 12 to the main power controller 2 and / or the electrolysis controller 4 of the electrolysis system.

[0118] In the fourth step S4, if the index value 7 indicates that the electrolysis process 5 (especially due to the braking chopper and / or arc suppression circuit and / or droop speed control) cannot convert any (additional) electrical power, the generator controller 12 reduces the electrical power production of the power source 11.

[0119] Additionally or alternatively, if index value 7 indicates that electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power, then generator controller 12 does not reduce the electrical power production of electrical energy source 11.

[0120] In addition to or as an alternative to steps S1-S4, steps S5-S7 may also be performed, particularly before and / or after steps S1-S5. For example, steps S1-S4 may be performed under islanded configuration 13, while steps S5-S7 may additionally be performed under network configuration 14.

[0121] In the fifth step S5, the generator controller 12 and / or the main power controller 2 measure reference values ​​of the power grid 9, particularly the network frequency and / or network voltage.

[0122] In the sixth step S6, the generator controller 12 and / or the main power controller 2 compare the reference value with the threshold.

[0123] In the seventh step S7, relative to the reference value, the generator controller 12 adjusts the electrical power production of the electrical energy source 11 and / or the main power controller 2 adjusts the electrical power absorption of the electrolysis system 1, especially if the index value 7 indicates that the electrolysis process 5 can convert any (additional) electrical power.

[0124] For generator controller 12, adjustment can refer to reducing or not reducing the amount of electrical power produced, while for main power controller 2, adjustment can refer to reducing or increasing the amount of electrical power absorbed by electrolysis system 1 through electrical terminal 3.

[0125] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these embodiments and items merely illustrate numerous possibilities. Therefore, the embodiments shown herein should not be construed as limiting these features and configurations. Any possible combination and configuration of the features may be selected according to the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An electrolysis system (1) for energy harvesting, the electrolysis system (1) comprising a main power controller (2) adapted to control the absorption of electrical power received via electrical terminals (3), and the electrolysis system (1) further comprising an electrolysis controller (4) adapted to control the conversion of the electrical power into an energy carrier through an electrolysis process (5), wherein, The main power controller (2) and the electrolysis controller (4) are connected via a communication network (6). in, The electrolysis controller (4) is adapted to transmit an index value (7) indicating whether the electrolysis process (5) can convert any additional electrical power to the main power controller (2) via the communication network (6). Its features are, If the index value (7) indicates that the electrolysis process (5) can convert any additional electrical power, then the main power controller (2) is adapted to, at least partially, regulate the electrical power input of the electrolysis process (5) to the electrical power absorbed via the electrical terminal (3) instead of the electrolysis controller (4).

2. The electrolysis system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the index value (7) indicates that the electrolysis system (1) is capable of converting any additional electrical power, then the electrolysis controller (4) and / or the main power controller (2) are adapted to at least partially adjust the amount of electrical power converted into the energy carrier through the electrolysis process (5) to the maximum level.

3. The electrolysis system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The index value (7) includes a tolerance parameter (8), which indicates the amount of additional electrical power that the electrolysis process (5) can convert.

4. The electrolysis system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The main power controller (2) is adapted to measure a reference value of the power grid (9) connected to the electrical terminal (3), wherein the main power controller (2) is adapted to adjust the amount of electrical power absorbed via the electrical terminal (3) based on the reference value.

5. An energy balance system (10), the energy balance system (10) comprising the electrolysis system (1) as described in any of the preceding claims, and an electrical energy source (11), wherein, The electrolysis system (1) and the power source (11) are electrically connected.

6. The energy balance system (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electrical power production of the power source (11) is controlled by a generator controller (12), wherein the generator controller (12) is connected to the communication network (6), wherein the main power controller (2) and / or the electrolysis controller (4) of the electrolysis system (1) are adapted to transmit an index value (7) indicating whether the electrolysis process (5) can convert any additional electrical power to the generator controller (12) via the communication network (6).

7. The energy balance system (10) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, If the index value (7) indicates that the electrolysis process (5) cannot convert any additional electrical power, then the generator controller (12) is adapted to reduce the electrical power production of the electrical energy source (11).

8. A method for balancing electrical power in a power grid (9), said power grid (9) being electrically connected to an electrical energy source (11) and an electrolysis system, wherein, The amount of electrical power produced by the electrical energy source (11) is controlled by the generator controller (12), and the amount of electrical power absorbed by the electrolysis system (1) from the electrical energy source (11) is controlled by the main power controller (2), and the amount of electrical power converted into energy carriers by the electrolysis process (5) of the electrolysis system (1) is controlled by the electrolysis controller (4), the method comprising the following steps: - The electrolysis controller (4) determines the ability of the electrolysis process (5) to convert any additional electrical power into the energy carrier, and transmits an index value (7) indicating whether the electrolysis process (5) can convert any additional electrical power to the main power controller (2) of the electrolysis system (1) via a communication network (6) connecting the electrolysis controller (4) and the main power controller (2). - If the index value (7) indicates that the electrolysis process (5) can convert any additional electrical power, then the main power controller (2) replaces the electrolysis controller (4) to at least partially regulate the electrical power input of the electrolysis process (5) to the electrical power absorbed from the electrical energy source (11).

9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising the following step: - If the index value (7) indicates that the electrolysis process (5) can convert any additional electrical power, the electrical power conversion of the electrolysis process (5) is adjusted to the maximum level at least partially by the main power controller (2) and / or the electrolysis controller (4).

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising the step of: - The index value (7) is transmitted to the generator controller (12) via the main power controller (2) and / or the electrolysis controller (4) through the communication network (6), and the communication network (6) connects the generator controller (12) to the main power controller (2) and / or the electrolysis controller (4) of the electrolysis system. - If the index value (7) indicates that the electrolysis process (5) cannot convert any additional electrical power, the electrical power production of the power source (11) is reduced by the generator controller (12).

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, further comprising the step of: - Measure the reference value of the power grid (9) by means of the generator controller (12) and / or the main power controller (2); - The reference value is compared with the threshold value by the generator controller (12) and / or the main power controller (2); - The electrical power production of the electrical energy source (11) is adjusted by the generator controller (12) and / or the electrical power absorption of the electrolysis system (1) is adjusted by the main power controller (2) relative to the reference value.

12. A computer program comprising instructions which, when executed by a main power controller (2) and / or an electrolysis controller (4), cause the main power controller (2) and / or the electrolysis controller (4) to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 8 to 11.

13. A controller comprising a computer-readable storage medium on which the computer program of claim 12 is stored.

14. An electrical power source comprising the controller according to claim 13.

Images