High-precision label cutting device and process

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision label cutting device and process, and relates to the technical field of laser cutting, the high-precision label cutting device comprises a rack, a welded plate grid is arranged at the upper end of the rack, a driving device is arranged at the upper end of the rack, an adjusting device is arranged on one side of the driving device, a laser unit is arranged on one side of the adjusting device, and the laser unit is arranged on the other side of the adjusting device. A cooling mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the laser unit and used for conducting temperature control on the focusing optical element to restrain thermal drift. The first micro-control sliding block slides in the axial direction of the angle rod, fine adjustment of the incidence inclination angle of the laser transmitter is achieved, and the inclination angle of the laser transmitter relative to a main laser beam is adjusted by adjusting the inclination angle of the laser transmitter relative to the main laser beam according to labels of different thicknesses or materials and remarkable difference between the molten pool form and the heat conduction characteristic. The auxiliary laser can be accurately irradiated to the side wall of a molten pool or the cutting front edge, the flowing direction of molten metal is guided by effectively utilizing light-induced recoil pressure, single-side accumulation is avoided, and therefore the geometric symmetry of a kerf is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of laser cutting, in particular to a high-precision label cutting device and process. BACKGROUND

[0002] For example, a laser cutting device with publication number CN116727880A, when the laser cutting device cuts a workpiece, the dust extraction mechanism moves along the cutting path of the laser assembly, so that the smoke and dust generated during the cutting of the workpiece can be quickly extracted by the dust extraction mechanism, solving the problem of poor dust extraction effect of existing laser cutting equipment.

[0003] During high-precision label cutting, the molten pool is prone to asymmetric flow due to thermal gradient or air flow disturbance, resulting in one-sided slag hanging, corner disconnection or back splashing. Under high-power continuous operation, the focusing mirror ring is heated to cause focal point drift, which seriously affects the micron-level precision. In addition, the high-temperature molten pool contacts air to generate an oxidation layer, and the molten slag residue forms a recast layer, which requires post-processing such as pickling or grinding, increasing the cost and poor consistency. Therefore, the application provides a high-precision label cutting device and process to meet the needs. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-precision label cutting device and process that can effectively solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a high-precision label cutting device, comprising a rack, a welding plate grid is arranged at the upper end of the rack, a driving device is arranged at the upper end of the rack, an adjusting device is arranged on one side of the driving device, a laser unit is arranged on one side of the adjusting device, a cooling mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the laser unit for temperature control and heat drift suppression of the focusing optical element; A cutting surface protection mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the cooling mechanism for spraying inert gas to the cutting seam area during cutting to suppress the oxidation reaction of the metal cutting surface; A molten pool lateral regulation mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of the cooling mechanism for guiding the flow direction of the molten metal through the inclined incident auxiliary energy field to improve the cutting seam symmetry and reduce the slag hanging.

[0006] The cooling mechanism comprises a focusing mirror ring, the focusing mirror ring is fixedly installed at the lower end of the laser unit, a protective mirror ring is arranged at the lower end of the focusing mirror ring, an axle ring is sleeved on the outer surface of the protective mirror ring, and a plurality of rotating leaves arranged in a ring array are arranged on the outer surface of the axle ring.

[0007] The cooling mechanism further comprises an outer shell, the lower end of the outer shell is provided with an outer ring shell, the inner part of the outer ring shell is provided with a ceramic ring, and the outer surface of the ceramic ring is provided with a water guide ring groove, one side of the outer surface of the outer ring shell is communicated with a water pipe, and the outer surface of the outer ring shell and the outer shell are jointly communicated with a water pipe, the outer ring shell is communicated with the inner part of the outer shell through the water pipe, the outer shell is fixedly installed between the outer ring shell and the laser unit, and the lower end of the protection mirror ring is connected with the ceramic ring through the lower protection mirror ring.

[0008] The inner wall of the outer shell is provided with a water absorption shell on one side, and a plurality of water absorption holes are formed in the outer surface of the water absorption shell.

[0009] The cutting surface protection mechanism comprises a laser head, the laser head is fixedly installed at the lower end of the outer ring shell, the lower part of the outer surface of the laser head is provided with a guide head, and a plurality of jet holes in an annular array are formed in the inner part of the guide head.

[0010] The cutting surface protection mechanism further comprises a gas cover, the gas cover is fixedly installed between the guide head and the outer ring shell, and one side of the outer surface of the gas cover is provided with a gas guide pipe.

[0011] The molten pool lateral regulation mechanism comprises a mounting ring, the mounting ring is sleeved on the upper part of the outer surface of the outer ring shell, the outer surface of the mounting ring is provided with a support frame, and the lower end of the support frame is provided with a sliding rail.

[0012] One side of the outer surface of the mounting ring is provided with a ring rail, the second micro-control sliding block is slidably installed in the inner part of the sliding rail, the lower end of the second micro-control sliding block is provided with an angle rod, and one end of the angle rod is slidably installed on the outer surface of the ring rail.

[0013] The angle rod is inclinedly placed, the first micro-control sliding block is slidably installed in the inner part of the angle rod, and one side of the first micro-control sliding block is provided with a laser emitter, and the sliding rail is in a semicircular ring shape.

[0014] The application also provides a high-precision label cutting process, and the specific cutting process is as follows: Step one, when cutting the label, the plate to be processed is placed on the welding plate grid, the driving device is driven to slide along the upper end of the rack, the adjusting device is driven to move as a whole, and the adjusting device is driven to slide laterally on one side of the driving device, so that the laser unit is accurately positioned in the horizontal plane, the laser unit emits a high-energy laser beam as a laser source, the laser beam passes through the cooling mechanism and the molten pool lateral regulation mechanism in turn, and finally focuses on the surface of the plate, and the cutting work is completed. Step 2: During the cutting process, the cooling mechanism actively cools the focusing optical elements in the laser unit to suppress focus drift caused by heat accumulation and ensure cutting accuracy. At the same time, the cutting surface protection mechanism coaxially sprays inert gas into the cutting area to isolate air and prevent oxidation reaction of the metal cutting surface. In addition, the high-speed airflow of inert gas is used to blow away molten metal and the discharge direction of slag is controlled by the airflow to reduce slag buildup and back splashing. Step 3: While the laser unit is performing the main cutting, the molten pool side control mechanism emits a low-power auxiliary laser beam that is incident at an angle. The auxiliary laser dynamically irradiates the side wall or front area of ​​the molten pool according to the cutting path, direction and material properties of the main laser.

[0015] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, the first micro-controlled slider slides axially along the angle rod, enabling precise adjustment of the incident tilt angle of the laser emitter. For signs of different thicknesses or materials, the molten pool shape and thermal conductivity vary significantly. By adjusting the tilt angle of the laser emitter relative to the main laser beam, the auxiliary laser can accurately irradiate the sidewall of the molten pool or the cutting front edge, effectively utilizing photoinduced recoil pressure to guide the flow direction of the molten metal, avoiding unilateral accumulation, thereby improving the geometric symmetry of the cut. Secondly, the second micro-controlled slider drives the angle rod to move laterally within the slide rail, realizing the dynamic following capability of the auxiliary laser in the horizontal plane. When cutting complex contours such as hollowed-out text or curved graphics, the main laser path changes continuously, and the auxiliary light at a fixed angle is difficult to continuously act on the effective area. This device uses the second micro-controlled slider to drive the entire angle rod and laser emitter to move laterally in real time, so that it always maintains a preset spatial relative relationship with the main laser unit, ensuring that the auxiliary laser can still accurately intervene in the behavior of the molten pool in key areas such as corners and narrow slits, preventing wire breakage or slag buildup.

[0016] 2. The integrated layout of the water-guiding ring groove and the ceramic ring in this invention improves heat conduction efficiency and temperature uniformity. After the cooling water enters the outer ring shell through the inlet pipe, it flows around the circumferential water-guiding ring groove, fully enveloping the ceramic ring embedded therein. Since the ceramic ring has high insulation and low thermal expansion coefficient, it is often used to support or isolate optical components. If the heat accumulated in it is not discharged in time, it is easy to cause local thermal stress concentration. This design achieves uniform cooling through the annular water channel, effectively suppressing the temperature rise gradient. The linkage structure of the blade and the shaft ring realizes the active agitation and forced convection of the cooling water, which greatly improves the heat exchange performance. After the cooling water flows into the inner cavity of the outer shell, it impacts the blade, driving it to drive the shaft ring to rotate around the surface of the protective lens ring. The self-driven stirring mechanism does not require an additional motor and can form turbulence in the closed cavity, significantly enhancing the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling water and the focusing lens ring and the outer surface of the protective lens ring. Compared with static immersion cooling, this structure effectively prevents focus drift caused by the thermal lens effect.

[0017] 3. The circumferentially distributed jet holes of this invention enable uniform and directional injection of inert gas, effectively suppressing oxidation of the metal cut surface. The inert gas, from the inner cavity of the gas hood, precisely covers the laser beam focusing area in a coaxial or near-coaxial manner through multiple jet holes, forming a local inert atmosphere at the cutting edge, isolating oxygen from contacting the high-temperature molten pool. Especially for easily oxidized metal signs such as stainless steel and aluminum alloys, this design can obtain a bright, silvery-white, oxide-free high-quality cut edge, meeting the stringent surface appearance requirements of high-end signage products and avoiding subsequent pickling or polishing processes. Finally, the inert gas flow also has the functions of slag removal and molten pool control, improving the integrity of the cut edge. The high-pressure inert gas ejected through the jet holes not only isolates air but also uses its momentum to quickly blow away the molten metal from the bottom of the cut, preventing the formation of a recast layer or slag. At the same time, the optimized design of the airflow direction and speed can guide the molten slag to be discharged along a specific path, reducing back splashing and particle adhesion. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a high-precision sign cutting device; Figure 2 A partial first-view 3D structural diagram of a high-precision sign cutting device; Figure 3 A partial second-view 3D structural diagram of a high-precision sign cutting device; Figure 4 A partial third-view 3D structural diagram of a high-precision sign cutting device; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the cooling mechanism, the molten pool lateral control mechanism, and the cut surface protection mechanism; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure between the cooling mechanism and the cut surface protection mechanism; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional connection structure of the section protection mechanism; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the section protection mechanism; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the molten pool lateral control mechanism; Figure 10 This is a partial first-person perspective three-dimensional connection structure diagram of the molten pool lateral control mechanism; Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the partial second-view three-dimensional connection structure of the molten pool lateral control mechanism; Figure 12 A first-person perspective three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the cooling mechanism's connection structure; Figure 13 A second-view, three-dimensional sectional view of the connection structure of the cooling mechanism; Figure 14 A third-person perspective sectional view of the cooling mechanism's three-dimensional connection structure; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the outer shell; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the blade and the collar.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Welding grid; 3. Drive unit; 4. Adjustment device; 5. Laser unit; 6. Cooling mechanism; 61. Outer ring shell; 62. Water pipe; 63. Outer shell; 64. Rotary blade; 65. Drain pipe; 66. Focusing lens ring; 67. Protective lens ring; 68. Ceramic ring; 69. Water guide ring groove; 611. Water suction shell; 612. Water suction hole; 613. Shaft collar; 7. Molten pool lateral control mechanism; 71. Mounting ring; 72. Support frame; 73. Slide rail; 74. Angle rod; 75. Ring rail; 76. Laser emitter; 77. First micro-controlled slider; 78. Second micro-controlled slider; 8. Cut surface protection mechanism; 81. Laser head; 82. Guide head; 83. Jet nozzle; 84. Gas hood; 85. Gas guide pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1, Reference Figures 1 to 16 The high-precision sign cutting device shown includes a frame 1, a welding grid 2 at the upper end of the frame 1, a drive device 3 at the upper end of the frame 1, an adjustment device 4 on one side of the drive device 3, a laser unit 5 on one side of the adjustment device 4, and a cooling mechanism 6 at the lower end of the laser unit 5 for temperature control of the focusing optical element to suppress thermal drift. The lower end of the cooling mechanism 6 is provided with a cutting surface protection mechanism 8, which is used to spray inert gas into the cutting area during the cutting process to inhibit the oxidation reaction of the metal cutting surface; The outer surface of the cooling mechanism 6 is provided with a molten pool lateral control mechanism 7, which is used to guide the flow direction of molten metal through an inclined incident auxiliary energy field, improve the symmetry of the cut and reduce slag buildup.

[0023] It is worth noting that when cutting the nameplate, the plate to be processed is placed on the welding grid 2, the drive device 3 slides along the upper end of the frame 1, driving the adjustment device 4 to move as a whole. At the same time, the adjustment device 4 slides laterally on one side of the drive device 3 to achieve precise positioning of the laser unit 5 in the horizontal plane. The laser unit 5 emits a high-energy laser beam as a laser source. The laser beam passes through the cooling mechanism 6 and the molten pool lateral control mechanism 7 in sequence, and finally focuses on the surface of the plate to complete the cutting operation. During the cutting process, the cooling mechanism 6 actively cools the focusing optical element in the laser unit 5 to suppress focus drift caused by heat accumulation and ensure cutting accuracy. At the same time, the cutting surface protection mechanism 8 coaxially sprays inert gas into the cutting area to isolate air and prevent oxidation reaction of the metal cutting surface. In addition, the high-speed airflow of inert gas is used to blow away molten metal and regulate the discharge direction of molten slag by controlling the airflow to reduce slag hanging and back splashing. The laser unit 5 and the cooling mechanism 6 improve the cutting accuracy and long-term stability. During continuous operation, the focusing optical element heats up due to the absorption of residual laser energy, which can easily cause thermal lensing effect and focus drift, resulting in uneven kerf width or distortion of microstructure. In this device, the cooling mechanism 6 actively water-cools the focusing lens ring 66 and the protective lens ring 67, effectively suppressing heat accumulation and thus ensuring the integrity of the outline of fine text and hollow graphics.

[0024] Secondly, the cut surface protection mechanism 8 achieves high-quality oxidation-free treatment of the cut surface by coaxially spraying inert gas. During the laser unit 5 cutting process, the cut surface protection mechanism 8 accurately delivers nitrogen or argon gas to the cut area to form a local inert atmosphere, effectively isolating oxygen and preventing the metal cut edge from oxidizing and discoloring. At the same time, the high-speed airflow not only efficiently blows away the molten metal and prevents slag from adhering, but also uses the airflow to control the direction of molten slag discharge, reducing splashing and secondary pollution on the back of the workpiece, and significantly reducing the cost of subsequent polishing or cleaning.

[0025] While the laser unit 5 is performing the main cutting, the molten pool lateral control mechanism 7 emits a low-power, obliquely incident auxiliary laser. The auxiliary laser dynamically irradiates the sidewall or front area of ​​the molten pool according to the cutting path, direction, and material characteristics of the main laser. The molten pool lateral control mechanism 7 guides the flow of molten metal through photoinduced recoil pressure, improving the symmetry of the cut; controls the trajectory of molten slag splashing, reducing contamination on the back of the workpiece; and provides controllable preheating of the cutting front area, reducing the thermal stress gradient. It is especially suitable for the fine cutting of ultra-thin or high thermal conductivity metal signs.

[0026] Finally, the lateral control mechanism 7 of the molten pool introduces a dynamic auxiliary laser, realizing active intervention and optimization of the molten pool behavior. The laser emitter 76 in the lateral control mechanism 7 emits a low-power, obliquely incident auxiliary laser, such as green light or ultraviolet light, and adjusts the irradiation position and angle in real time according to the main laser path, acting on the sidewall of the molten pool or the cutting front edge; it guides the directional flow of molten metal through photoinduced recoil pressure, improves the symmetry of the cut, controls the trajectory of molten slag splash, and provides controllable preheating of the material front edge, effectively alleviating the problem of thermal stress concentration and warping caused by the high thermal conductivity of ultra-thin signs.

[0027] Example 2: This example provides a further technical solution for the cooling mechanism 6.

[0028] The cooling mechanism 6 includes a focusing mirror ring 66, which is fixedly installed at the lower end of the laser unit 5. A protective mirror ring 67 is provided at the lower end of the focusing mirror ring 66. A collar 613 is sleeved on the outer surface of the protective mirror ring 67. Several rotating blades 64 arranged in a ring array are provided on the outer surface of the collar 613.

[0029] The cooling mechanism 6 also includes a housing 63. The lower end of the housing 63 is provided with an outer ring shell 61. The inner part of the outer ring shell 61 is provided with a ceramic ring 68, and the outer surface of the ceramic ring 68 is provided with a water guiding ring groove 69. A water pipe is connected to one side of the outer surface of the outer ring shell 61, and the outer surfaces of the outer ring shell 61 and the housing 63 are connected to a water pipe 62. The outer ring shell 61 is connected to the inside of the housing 63 through the water pipe 62. The housing 63 is fixedly installed between the outer ring shell 61 and the laser unit 5. The lower end of the protective mirror ring 67 is connected to the ceramic ring 68 through the lower protective mirror ring.

[0030] A water-absorbing shell 611 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the outer shell 63, and a number of water-absorbing holes 612 are provided on the outer surface of the water-absorbing shell 611. A drain pipe 65 communicating with the inside of the water-absorbing shell 611 is provided at the lower end of the outer shell 63.

[0031] It is worth noting that the cooling water is introduced into the outer ring shell 61 through the water inlet pipe on one side of the outer ring shell 61 and flows along the circumferentially arranged water guide ring groove 69. During the process of flowing through the water guide ring groove 69, the cooling water exchanges heat with the ceramic ring 68 embedded therein, and carries away the heat accumulated inside.

[0032] Subsequently, cooling water enters the water pipe 62 through the water guide ring groove 69 and flows into the inner cavity of the housing 63. The water flow impacts the vane 64 located inside the housing 63, driving the vane 64 to rotate the shaft ring 613 around the surface of the protective mirror ring 67. This rotational motion agitates the cooling water inside the housing 63, forming forced convection, thereby efficiently absorbing heat from the outer surfaces of the focusing mirror ring 66 and the protective mirror ring 67. The cooled water after absorbing heat is guided into the water suction shell 611 through the water suction hole 612 on the shaft ring 613, and finally discharged from the device through the drain pipe 65, completing the entire cooling cycle.

[0033] The integrated layout of the water-guiding ring groove 69 and the ceramic ring 68 improves the heat conduction efficiency and temperature uniformity. After the cooling water enters the outer ring shell 61 through the water inlet pipe, it flows around the water-guiding ring groove 69 and fully encloses the ceramic ring 68 embedded therein. Since the ceramic ring 68 has high insulation and low thermal expansion coefficient, it is often used to support or isolate optical components. If the heat accumulated in it is not discharged in time, it is easy to cause local thermal stress concentration. This design achieves 360° uniform cooling through the annular water channel, effectively suppressing the temperature rise gradient.

[0034] Secondly, the linkage structure of the swivel blade 64 and the shaft ring 613 realizes the active agitation and forced convection of the cooling water, which greatly improves the heat exchange performance. After the cooling water flows into the inner cavity of the outer shell 63, it impacts the swivel blade 64, which drives the shaft ring 613 to rotate around the surface of the protective mirror ring 67. The self-driven stirring mechanism does not require an additional motor and can form turbulence in the closed cavity, which significantly enhances the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling water and the outer surfaces of the focusing mirror ring 66 and the protective mirror ring 67. Compared with static immersion cooling, this structure effectively prevents focus drift caused by the thermal lens effect.

[0035] Example 3: This example provides a further technical solution for the cut surface protection mechanism 8.

[0036] The cut surface protection mechanism 8 includes a laser head 81, which is fixedly installed at the lower end of the outer ring shell 61. A guide head 82 is provided on the lower part of the outer surface of the laser head 81, and a number of air jet holes 83 arranged in a ring array are opened inside the guide head 82.

[0037] The cut surface protection mechanism 8 also includes an air cover 84, which is fixedly installed between the guide head 82 and the outer ring shell 61. An air guide pipe 85 is provided on one side of the outer surface of the air cover 84.

[0038] It is worth noting that the laser beam is emitted from the laser head 81 and cuts the plate. At the same time, inert gas is introduced into the gas hood 84 through the gas guide tube 85 and is directionally ejected through the gas jet holes 83 distributed around the gas hood 84. When the inert gas flows over the outer surface of the laser head 81, it can carry away some of the heat generated during the operation, thus playing an auxiliary role in heat dissipation. At the same time, the inert gas ejected through the jet hole 83 acts precisely on the surface of the plate in the laser beam focusing area, effectively isolating air, inhibiting the oxidation of the cut, and helping to blow away molten metal, thereby improving the quality of the cutting edge.

[0039] In this device, the inert gas plays an auxiliary role in heat dissipation when flowing through the outer surface of the laser head 81, which improves the thermal stability of the optical system. During high-power continuous cutting, the laser head 81 is prone to temperature rise due to environmental heat radiation and internal component heating, which may affect the beam collimation or sealing performance. In this device, before the inert gas enters the gas cover 84 through the gas guide tube 85, it first flows through the outer wall of the laser head 81, carrying away some heat and forming a passive cooling effect. This helps to maintain the stability of the working temperature of the laser head 81, extend its service life, and ensure the quality of the output beam.

[0040] Secondly, the circumferentially distributed jet holes 83 achieve uniform and directional injection of inert gas, effectively suppressing oxidation of the metal cut surface. The inert gas is precisely covered by the laser beam focusing area from the inner cavity of the gas hood 84 through multiple jet holes 83 in a coaxial or near-coaxial manner, forming a local inert atmosphere at the cutting edge, isolating oxygen from contacting the high-temperature molten pool. Especially for easily oxidized metal signs such as stainless steel and aluminum alloy, this design can obtain a bright silver-white, oxidation-free high-quality cut edge, meeting the stringent requirements of high-end signage products for surface appearance and avoiding subsequent pickling or polishing processes.

[0041] Finally, the inert gas flow has the functions of slag removal and molten pool control, which improves the integrity of the cutting edge. The high-pressure inert gas ejected through the jet hole 83 not only isolates the air, but also uses its momentum to quickly blow the molten metal away from the bottom of the cut, preventing the formation of recast layer or slag. At the same time, the optimized design of the airflow direction and speed can guide the molten slag to be discharged along a specific path, reducing back splashing and particle adhesion.

[0042] Example 4: This example provides a further technical solution for the molten pool lateral control mechanism 7.

[0043] The molten pool side control mechanism 7 includes a mounting ring 71, which is sleeved on the upper part of the outer surface of the outer ring shell 61. A support frame 72 is provided on the outer surface of the mounting ring 71, and a slide rail 73 is provided at the lower end of the support frame 72.

[0044] A ring rail 75 is provided on one side of the outer surface of the mounting ring 71. A second micro-controlled slider 78 is slidably installed inside the slide rail 73. An angle rod 74 is provided at the lower end of the second micro-controlled slider 78, and one end of the angle rod 74 is slidably installed on the outer surface of the ring rail 75.

[0045] The angle rod 74 is placed at an angle, and a first micro-controlled slider 77 is slidably installed inside the angle rod 74. A laser emitter 76 is provided on one side of the first micro-controlled slider 77, and the slide rail 73 is in the shape of a semi-circular ring.

[0046] It is worth noting that when the laser unit 5 emits the main laser beam to cut the plate, the laser emitter 76 installed on one side of the first micro-control slider 77 simultaneously emits an auxiliary laser and irradiates the cutting area of ​​the plate. According to the cutting process requirements, the laser emitter 76 can slide along the axial direction of the angle rod 74 via the first micro-control slider 77, thereby adjusting its incident tilt angle relative to the main laser beam; At the same time, the second micro-controlled slider 78 drives the entire angle rod 74 to move laterally within the slide rail 73, further adjusting the position of the laser emitter 76 in the horizontal direction; Through the above two-level linkage adjustment mechanism, the laser emitter 76 can follow the main laser cutting path in real time, dynamically change its irradiation position and incident angle, so that the auxiliary laser can accurately act on the side wall or leading edge area of ​​the molten pool, thereby controlling the flow direction of the molten metal, improving the symmetry of the cut and suppressing slag.

[0047] First, the first micro-controlled slider 77 slides axially along the angle rod 74, realizing the fine adjustment of the incident tilt angle of the laser emitter 76. For signs of different thicknesses or materials, the molten pool shape and thermal conductivity are significantly different. By adjusting the tilt angle of the laser emitter 76 relative to the main laser beam within the range of 15°–60°, the auxiliary laser can accurately irradiate the side wall of the molten pool or the cutting front edge, effectively using photoinduced recoil pressure to guide the flow direction of molten metal, avoiding unilateral accumulation, thereby improving the geometric symmetry of the cut.

[0048] Secondly, the second micro-controlled slider 78 drives the angle rod 74 to move laterally within the slide rail 73, realizing the dynamic following capability of the auxiliary laser in the horizontal plane. When cutting complex contours such as hollowed-out text and curved graphics, the path of the main laser changes continuously, and the auxiliary light at a fixed angle is difficult to continuously act on the effective area. This device drives the entire angle rod 74 and the laser emitter 76 to move laterally in real time through the second micro-controlled slider 78, so that it always maintains a preset spatial relative relationship with the main laser unit 5, ensuring that the auxiliary laser can still accurately intervene in the behavior of the molten pool in key areas such as corners and narrow gaps, preventing wire breakage or slag buildup.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision sign cutting device, comprising a frame (1), wherein a welding grid (2) is provided at the upper end of the frame (1), characterized in that: The upper end of the frame (1) is provided with a drive device (3), an adjustment device (4) is provided on one side of the drive device (3), a laser unit (5) is provided on one side of the adjustment device (4), and a cooling mechanism (6) is provided at the lower end of the laser unit (5) for temperature control of the focusing optical element to suppress thermal drift. The lower end of the cooling mechanism (6) is provided with a cutting surface protection mechanism (8), which is used to spray inert gas into the cutting area during the cutting process to inhibit the oxidation reaction of the metal cutting surface; The outer surface of the cooling mechanism (6) is provided with a molten pool lateral control mechanism (7), which is used to guide the flow direction of molten metal through an inclined incident auxiliary energy field, improve the symmetry of the cut and reduce slag.

2. The high-precision sign cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism (6) includes a focusing mirror ring (66), which is fixedly installed at the lower end of the laser unit (5). A protective mirror ring (67) is provided at the lower end of the focusing mirror ring (66). A collar (613) is sleeved on the outer surface of the protective mirror ring (67). A plurality of rotating blades (64) arranged in a ring array are provided on the outer surface of the collar (613).

3. The high-precision sign cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism (6) also includes a housing (63), the lower end of which is provided with an outer ring shell (61). A ceramic ring (68) is provided inside the outer ring shell (61), and a water guide groove (69) is opened on the outer surface of the ceramic ring (68). A water pipe is connected to one side of the outer surface of the outer ring shell (61), and a water pipe (62) is connected to the outer surfaces of the outer ring shell (61) and the housing (63). The outer ring shell (61) is connected to the interior of the housing (63) through the water pipe (62). The housing (63) is fixedly installed between the outer ring shell (61) and the laser unit (5). The lower end of the protective mirror ring (67) is connected to the ceramic ring (68) through the lower protective mirror ring.

4. The high-precision sign cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer shell (63) is provided with a water-absorbing shell (611), and the outer surface of the water-absorbing shell (611) is provided with a number of water-absorbing holes (612). The lower end of the outer shell (63) is provided with a drain pipe (65) that communicates with the inside of the water-absorbing shell (611).

5. The high-precision sign cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cut surface protection mechanism (8) includes a laser head (81), which is fixedly installed at the lower end of the outer ring shell (61). A guide head (82) is provided on the lower part of the outer surface of the laser head (81), and a number of air jet holes (83) arranged in a ring array are opened inside the guide head (82).

6. The high-precision sign cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cut surface protection mechanism (8) also includes an air hood (84), which is fixedly installed between the guide head (82) and the outer ring shell (61). An air guide pipe (85) is provided on one side of the outer surface of the air hood (84).

7. The high-precision sign cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The molten pool lateral control mechanism (7) includes a mounting ring (71), which is sleeved on the upper part of the outer surface of the outer ring shell (61). A support frame (72) is provided on the outer surface of the mounting ring (71), and a slide rail (73) is provided at the lower end of the support frame (72).

8. The high-precision sign cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A ring rail (75) is provided on one side of the outer surface of the mounting ring (71). A second micro-control slider (78) is slidably installed inside the slide rail (73). An angle rod (74) is provided at the lower end of the second micro-control slider (78), and one end of the angle rod (74) is slidably installed on the outer surface of the ring rail (75).

9. The high-precision sign cutting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The angle rod (74) is placed at an angle, and a first micro-control slider (77) is slidably installed inside the angle rod (74). A laser emitter (76) is provided on one side of the first micro-control slider (77), and the slide rail (73) is in the shape of a semi-circular ring.

10. A high-precision sign cutting process, employing the high-precision sign cutting device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The specific cutting process is as follows: Step 1: When cutting the sign, place the plate to be processed on the welding grid (2). The drive device (3) slides along the upper end of the frame (1) to drive the adjustment device (4) to move as a whole. At the same time, the adjustment device (4) slides laterally on one side of the drive device (3) to achieve precise positioning of the laser unit (5) in the horizontal plane. The laser unit (5) emits a high-energy laser beam as a laser source. The laser beam passes through the cooling mechanism (6) and the molten pool lateral control mechanism (7) in sequence, and finally focuses on the surface of the plate to complete the cutting operation. Step 2: During the cutting process, the cooling mechanism (6) actively cools the focusing optical element in the laser unit (5) to suppress the focus drift caused by heat accumulation and ensure cutting accuracy. At the same time, the cutting surface protection mechanism (8) coaxially sprays inert gas into the cutting area to isolate the air and prevent the metal cutting surface from oxidizing. In addition, the high-speed airflow of inert gas is used to blow away the molten metal and the discharge direction of slag is controlled by the airflow to reduce slag and back splashing. Step 3: While the laser unit (5) is performing the main cutting, the molten pool side control mechanism (7) emits a low-power auxiliary laser that is incident at an angle. The auxiliary laser dynamically irradiates the side wall or front area of ​​the molten pool according to the cutting path, direction and material characteristics of the main laser.

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