Welding fixture and welding method
By designing a welding fixture with a self-centering four-jaw chuck and a rotating mechanism, the problems of welding misalignment and multi-sided welding in right-angle welding of pipe fittings were solved, achieving efficient and accurate multi-sided welding results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing fixtures used for right-angle welding of pipe fittings are prone to welding misalignment and are not suitable for multi-face welding, resulting in a decline in welding quality and efficiency.
A welding fixture comprising a carrier plate, a rotating mechanism, a fixed gripper mechanism, and a movable gripper mechanism was designed. The workpiece is self-centered and positioned by a four-jaw chuck, and the rotating mechanism enables automated flipping for multi-sided welding.
It enables self-centering alignment and positioning of the workpiece, reduces welding misalignment, and improves welding efficiency and quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN121715784A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding auxiliary fixture technology, and more particularly to welding fixtures and welding methods. Background Technology
[0002] In the hardware manufacturing industry, it is often necessary to weld square tubes and horizontal and vertical pipe fittings, especially right-angle welding of corresponding pipe fittings. Before welding, it is necessary to align and fix the two-sided pipe fittings and the horizontal pipe fittings. Otherwise, the square tube may move due to accidents during the welding process, resulting in welding misalignment and affecting the welding quality of the workpiece. At the same time, there are three side joints between the two-sided pipe fittings and the horizontal pipe fittings, but welding can only be performed on the side facing the welding gun. After welding one side, it is necessary to change the welding position. The change of welding position requires re-clamping and re-aligning the completed workpiece. The re-clamping process is complicated and time-consuming, reducing welding efficiency. Moreover, re-aligning is prone to positional deviation, resulting in inaccurate welding and affecting the welding quality of the product.
[0003] There is still a lack of better technical solutions to the problem that clamps used for right-angle welding of pipe fittings are prone to welding misalignment and are not suitable for multi-face welding. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a welding fixture to at least solve the problem that the fixtures used for right-angle welding of pipe fittings in the related art are prone to welding misalignment and are not suitable for multi-face welding.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a welding fixture, including a carrier plate, a rotating mechanism, a fixed gripper mechanism, and a movable gripper mechanism. One end of the carrier plate is connected to a support base via a flange, and the other end is connected via the flange to the rotating mechanism mounted on a corresponding support base. The fixed gripper mechanism is fixedly mounted on the carrier plate, and the movable gripper mechanism is movably mounted on the carrier plate and is positioned opposite to the fixed gripper mechanism. Both the fixed gripper mechanism and the movable gripper mechanism include a four-jaw chuck, which includes longitudinal jaws and transverse jaws. Two longitudinal jaws and two transverse jaws close together to form a slot, and the two transverse jaws and one longitudinal jaw... The components are arranged to form a U-shaped groove with a top latch. Two four-jaw chucks respectively center and secure two first workpieces in their corresponding grooves. After the ends of a second workpiece placed in the U-shaped groove are aligned with the first workpieces and secured by the corresponding top latch, the movable jaw mechanism drives the corresponding four-jaw chucks to move longitudinally, so that the ends of the second workpiece are joined with the two first workpieces. After welding the joint between the top surfaces of the first and second workpieces, the rotating mechanism drives the carrier plate to rotate the fixed jaw mechanism and the movable jaw mechanism in both directions, sequentially welding the joints on both sides of the first and second workpieces.
[0006] In one embodiment, the four-jaw chuck further includes a chuck body with centrally symmetrically arranged mounting slots. The longitudinal jaw and the transverse jaw are respectively installed in the corresponding mounting slots and are connected to a self-centering wedge pusher provided in the chuck body. The self-centering wedge pusher is also connected to a pneumatic drive unit. The pneumatic drive unit is used to drive the self-centering wedge pusher to obliquely push the longitudinal jaw and the transverse jaw to slide radially along the corresponding mounting slots, so that the four-jaw chuck clamps or releases the first workpiece and / or the second workpiece.
[0007] In one embodiment, each mounting slot is provided with a gripper slider, the longitudinal claw and the transverse claw are provided on the corresponding gripper slider, the wedge portion of the gripper slider is provided with a wedge groove, the self-centering wedge pusher is provided with four centrally symmetrical and outwardly protruding oblique tenons, the oblique tenons are movably engaged with the corresponding oblique wedge grooves, so that the self-centering wedge pusher is connected to all the gripper sliders in a transmission connection, wherein the pneumatic drive unit pushes the self-centering wedge pusher to move vertically, the self-centering wedge pusher drives all the oblique tenons to slide along the corresponding oblique wedge grooves, and pushes and drags the gripper slider to drive the longitudinal claw or the transverse claw to slide along the mounting slot, so that the four-jaw chuck clamps or releases the first workpiece and / or the second workpiece.
[0008] In one embodiment, the top surface of the gripper slider is provided with a first locking tooth, and the bottom surfaces of the longitudinal claw and the transverse claw are provided with a second locking tooth adapted to the first locking tooth. The first locking tooth and the second locking tooth engage, and the longitudinal claw or the transverse claw is locked to the corresponding gripper slider by a locking bolt, so that the longitudinal claw or the transverse claw is fixedly connected to the corresponding gripper slider.
[0009] In one embodiment, the lateral claw includes a petal-shaped body, a vertical locking protrusion protruding on one lateral side of the petal-shaped body, a top locking tongue provided on the inner side of the top of the vertical locking protrusion, and a block-shaped claw in the longitudinal claw is disposed between two opposing lateral claws, and surrounds the vertical locking protrusions of the two lateral claws to form the U-shaped locking groove.
[0010] In one embodiment, the side of the petal-shaped body is also provided with a side groove that extends laterally and is concave. The two sides of the other longitudinal claw, which is positioned opposite the block claw, respectively protrude outwards with bosses. The bosses are respectively engaged with the corresponding side grooves so that the other longitudinal claw is fitted with the two lateral claws. The top of the other longitudinal claw is also formed with a tongue that extends toward the groove. The tongue is used to press the second workpiece against the first workpiece and limit the longitudinal displacement of the second workpiece.
[0011] In one embodiment, the carrier plate is further provided with a slide rail, and the movable gripper mechanism further includes a slider. The slider is movably disposed on the slide rail and is connected to the propulsion unit. The four-jaw chuck of the movable gripper mechanism is fixed on the slider. The propulsion unit is used to push the slider to move the four-jaw chuck of the movable gripper mechanism toward or away from the four-jaw chuck of the fixed gripper mechanism, so as to make the two first workpieces to be welded and the second workpiece fit together, and to release the workpieces after welding.
[0012] In one embodiment, a limiting buffer seat is also provided across the slide rail. The limiting buffer seat is located between the fixed gripper mechanism and the movable gripper mechanism. The limiting buffer seat is provided with a limiting damper, wherein the limiting damper is used to limit the slider pushed by the propulsion unit to a preset position and to buffer the movement of the slider.
[0013] In one embodiment, the rotating mechanism includes a drive motor and a worm gear reducer. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the worm gear reducer, and the rotating shaft of the worm gear reducer is connected to the corresponding flange. The drive motor drives the corresponding flange through the worm gear reducer to rotate the carrier plate forward or backward, so that the butt joint of the sides of the first workpiece and the second workpiece is flipped to the horizontal plane.
[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a welding method for a corner workpiece, the corner workpiece comprising a first workpiece and a second workpiece, including the welding fixture described in the first aspect, the welding method comprising: After the four-jaw chuck of the movable gripper mechanism is initially adjusted to the clamping position, the two first workpieces are loaded into the corresponding slots, and the two ends of the second workpiece are inserted into the two U-shaped slots. After driving the two four-jaw chucks to self-center and clamp the first and second workpieces, the movable jaw mechanism drives the corresponding four-jaw chucks to move longitudinally so that the two ends of the second workpiece are joined with the two first workpieces and the butt joint of the top surfaces of the first and second workpieces is welded. The rotating mechanism drives the carrier plate to rotate forward, carrying the two four-jaw chucks, in order to weld the butt joint on one side of the first workpiece and the second workpiece. After completing the welding of the butt joint on one side, the rotating mechanism drives the carrier plate to carry the two four-jaw chucks to reverse so as to weld the butt joint on the other side of the first workpiece and the second workpiece.
[0015] Related to the prior art, the welding fixture and welding method provided in this application include a carrier plate, a rotating mechanism, a fixed gripper mechanism, and a movable gripper mechanism. One end of the carrier plate is connected to a support base via a flange, and the other end is connected to the rotating mechanism mounted on the corresponding support base via the flange. The fixed gripper mechanism is fixedly mounted on the carrier plate, and the movable gripper mechanism is movably mounted on the carrier plate and is positioned opposite to the fixed gripper mechanism. Both the fixed gripper mechanism and the movable gripper mechanism include a four-jaw chuck, which includes longitudinal jaws and transverse jaws. The longitudinal jaw and two transverse jaws close together to form a slot, and the two transverse jaws and one longitudinal jaw surround to form a U-shaped slot with a top latch. After the two four-jaw chucks respectively center and secure the two first workpieces in their corresponding slots, and after the two ends of the second workpiece placed in the U-shaped slot are aligned with the first workpieces and secured by their corresponding top latches, the movable jaw mechanism drives the corresponding four-jaw chucks to move longitudinally, so that the two ends of the second workpiece are joined with the two first workpieces. After welding the joint between the top surfaces of the first and second workpieces... The rotating mechanism drives the carrier plate to rotate the fixed gripper mechanism and the movable gripper mechanism in both directions to weld the butt joints on both sides of the first workpiece and the second workpiece in sequence; after the two first workpieces are self-centeringly fixed into the corresponding slots by the two four-jaw chucks respectively, and the two ends of the second workpiece placed on the U-shaped slot are aligned with the first workpieces and fixed by the corresponding top latches, the movable gripper mechanism drives the corresponding four-jaw chuck to move longitudinally so that the two ends of the second workpiece are joined with the two first workpieces; and after the first workpiece is... After welding the butt joint with the top surface of the second workpiece, the rotating mechanism drives the carrier plate to rotate the fixed gripper mechanism and the movable gripper mechanism in both directions to weld the butt joints on both sides of the first and second workpieces sequentially. This achieves self-centering alignment and positioning of the first workpiece on both sides and the second workpiece laterally, and enables multi-sided welding in one operation. This solves the problem in related technologies where fixtures used for right-angle welding of pipe fittings are prone to welding misalignment and are not suitable for multi-sided welding. It achieves the beneficial effects of self-centering alignment and positioning of workpiece components, reducing welding misalignment, and improving welding efficiency and quality. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the welding fixture according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the four-jaw chuck according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a four-jaw chuck according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of a four-jaw chuck according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping state of the four-jaw chuck in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the released state of the four-jaw chuck according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the welding fixture assembling the workpiece according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the welding fixture assembling the workpiece according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a welding fixture clamping a workpiece according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the welding fixture clamping the welding side of the workpiece according to an embodiment of this application.
[0017] Figure label: 01. First workpiece; 02. Second workpiece; 001. Card slot; 002. Top latch; 003. U-shaped card slot; 004. Mounting card slot; 100. Carrier plate; 200. Rotating mechanism; 21. Drive motor; 22. Worm gear reducer; 300. Fixed gripper mechanism; 31. Four-jaw chuck; 32. Longitudinal jaw; 33. Lateral jaw; 34. Chuck body; 35. Self-centering wedge pusher; 36. Pneumatic drive unit; 37. Gripper slider; 38. Locking bolt; 321. Second locking tooth; 322. Boss; 323. Tongue; 331. Petal-shaped body; 332. Vertical locking protrusion; 333. Side locking groove; 351. Oblique tenon protrusion; 371. Oblique wedge; 372. Oblique wedge locking groove; 373. First locking tooth; 400. Movable gripper mechanism; 41. Slider; 42. Propulsion unit; 43. Limit buffer seat; 44. Limit buffer; 500, Flange; 600. Support base; 700, slide rail. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0019] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "mounted on" another component, it can be directly mounted on the other component or may be interspersed with a component. When a component is said to be "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or may be interspersed with a component. When a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly fixed to the other component or may be interspersed with a component.
[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 10 This application provides a welding fixture, including a carrier plate 100, a rotating mechanism 200, a fixed jaw mechanism 300, and a movable jaw mechanism 400. One end of the carrier plate 100 is connected to a support base 600 via a flange 500, and the other end is connected to the rotating mechanism 200 mounted on the corresponding support base 600 via a flange 500. The fixed jaw mechanism 300 is fixedly mounted on the carrier plate 100, and the movable jaw mechanism 400 is movably mounted on the carrier plate 100 and is positioned opposite to the fixed jaw mechanism 300. Both the fixed jaw mechanism 300 and the movable jaw mechanism 400 include a four-jaw chuck 31. The four-jaw chuck 31 includes longitudinal jaws 32 and transverse jaws 33. The two longitudinal jaws 32 and the two transverse jaws 33 close together to form a slot 001, and the two transverse jaws 33 and one longitudinal jaw 32 enclose to form a U-shaped slot 003 with a top latch 002. After the two four-jaw chucks 31 respectively center and secure the two first workpieces 01 in the corresponding slots 001, and align the two ends of the second workpiece 02 placed in the U-shaped slot 002 with the first workpieces 01 and secure them with the corresponding top latches 002, the movable jaw mechanism 400 drives the corresponding four-jaw chucks 31 to move longitudinally so that the two ends of the second workpiece 02 are joined with the two first workpieces 01.
[0022] In this embodiment, the two four-jaw chucks 31 are driven to open (see reference). Figure 6 and Figure 7 Then, the two first workpieces 01 on both sides are placed into the slots 001 of the two four-jaw chucks 31. After that, the two ends of the second workpiece 02 are fastened into the two U-shaped slots 003 of the two four-jaw chucks 31 (see reference). Figure 7As shown), and is secured by the corresponding top latch 002, which restricts the vertical movement of the second workpiece 02. At this time, one end of the second workpiece 02 can be longitudinally abutted against one of the first workpieces 01 to complete the longitudinal alignment on one side, or the second workpiece 02 can be placed into the two U-shaped slots 003 (at this time, the top latch 002 presses against the top surface of the second workpiece 02). The alignment of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02 is completed during the self-centering inward clamping process of the four-jaw chuck 31. That is, during the clamping process of the four-jaw chuck 31, the lateral central axis of the first workpiece 01 and the lateral central axis of the second workpiece 02 are adjusted to coincide. After the workpieces are placed, the butt joints on both sides of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02 will be flush (see reference). Figure 8 ), at this time, refer to Figure 8 The second workpiece 02 is spaced apart from at least one of the first workpieces 01 in the longitudinal direction by a gap, for example: Figure 8 The second workpiece 02 shown has a gap with the first workpiece 01 located in the slot 001 of the four-jaw chuck 31 of the fixed jaw mechanism 400; subsequently, after alignment in the lateral direction, the four-jaw chuck 31 of the movable jaw mechanism 400 is moved toward the four-jaw chuck 31 of the fixed jaw mechanism 300, thereby making the two sides of the second workpiece 02 in the longitudinal direction close to the first workpiece 01 (see reference). Figure 9 and Figure 10 At this point, the alignment and fixed positioning of the two first workpieces 01 and the second workpiece 02 are completed.
[0023] In this embodiment, the second workpiece 02 is pressed by the top latch 002 to prevent the workpiece from lifting up during the welding process.
[0024] After welding the butt joints on the top surfaces of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02, the rotating mechanism 200 drives the carrier plate 100 to rotate the fixed gripper mechanism 300 and the movable gripper mechanism 400 in both directions to weld the butt joints on both sides of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02 in sequence.
[0025] In this embodiment, reference Figure 9 After aligning and fixing the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02, the butt joint on the top surfaces of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02 is welded using a welding machine. After the butt joint on the top surfaces is welded, the rotating mechanism 200 drives the carrier plate 100 to rotate the fixed gripper mechanism 300 and the movable gripper mechanism 400 90° clockwise (forward direction) (reference). Figure 9As indicated by the arrow, the left side joint of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02 is aligned with the welding machine so that the welding machine can weld the joint on this side. After welding the joint on this side, the rotating mechanism 200 drives the carrier plate 100 to rotate the fixed gripper mechanism 300 and the movable gripper mechanism 400 counterclockwise (in the opposite direction), and then rotates 90° until the right side joint of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02 is aligned with the welding machine so that the welding machine can weld the joint on this side. In this way, the welding of the joints on the three sides is completed at one time.
[0026] In the aforementioned welding fixture, by using two four-jaw chucks 31 to self-center and secure two first workpieces 01 into their corresponding slots 001, and by aligning the two ends of a second workpiece 02 placed in a U-shaped slot 003 with the first workpieces 01 and securing them with their corresponding top latches 002, the movable jaw mechanism 400 drives the corresponding four-jaw chucks 31 to move longitudinally, so that the two ends of the second workpiece 02 are joined with the two first workpieces 01; and after welding the butt joint of the top surfaces of the first workpieces 01 and the second workpiece 02, the rotation mechanism 200 transmits... The moving carrier plate 100 drives the fixed gripper mechanism 300 and the movable gripper mechanism 400 to rotate in both directions to weld the butt joints on both sides of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02 in sequence. This achieves self-centering alignment and positioning of the first workpiece 01 on both sides and the second workpiece 02 in the lateral direction, and performs multi-sided welding at one time. This solves the problem in related technologies where fixtures used for right-angle welding of pipe fittings are prone to welding misalignment and are not suitable for multi-sided welding. It achieves the beneficial effects of self-centering alignment and positioning of workpiece components, reducing welding misalignment, and improving welding efficiency and welding quality.
[0027] To clamp or release the workpiece, refer to Figures 1 to 10 In one embodiment, the four-jaw chuck 31 further includes a chuck body 34, on which a centrally symmetrical mounting slot 004 is provided. The longitudinal jaw 32 and the transverse jaw 33 are respectively installed in the corresponding mounting slot 004 and are connected to a self-centering wedge pusher 35 provided in the chuck body 34. The self-centering wedge pusher 35 is also connected to a pneumatic drive unit 36. The pneumatic drive unit 36 is used to drive the self-centering wedge pusher 35 to obliquely push the longitudinal jaw 32 and the transverse jaw 33 to slide radially along the corresponding mounting slot 004, so that the four-jaw chuck 31 clamps or releases the first workpiece 01 and / or the second workpiece 02.
[0028] In one embodiment, each mounting slot 004 is provided with a gripper slider 37, with longitudinal claws 32 and transverse claws 33 disposed on the corresponding gripper slider 37. The wedge portion 371 of the gripper slider 37 is provided with a wedge groove 372. The self-centering wedge pusher 35 is provided with four centrally symmetrical and outwardly protruding tenon protrusions 351. The tenon protrusions 351 are movably engaged with the corresponding wedge grooves 372 so that the self-centering wedge pusher 35 is connected to all gripper sliders 37 in a transmission connection. The pneumatic drive unit 36 pushes the self-centering wedge pusher 35 to move vertically. The self-centering wedge pusher 35 drives all the wedge protrusions 351 to slide along the corresponding wedge grooves 372 and pushes and drags the gripper slider 37 to drive the longitudinal claws 32 or transverse claws 33 to slide along the mounting slot 004, so that the four-jaw chuck 31 clamps or releases the first workpiece 01 and / or the second workpiece 02.
[0029] In this embodiment, the pneumatic drive unit 36 includes, but is not limited to, a circulator cylinder and a pneumatic cylinder; in this embodiment, the chuck body 34 is also provided with a locking screw (not labeled in the figure). The locking screw can limit the vertical movement of the self-centering wedge push block 35. That is, by loosening the locking screw, the self-centering wedge push block 35 can be moved vertically downward to the maximum position, thereby causing the oblique tenon 351 to disengage from the corresponding oblique wedge groove 372, thereby realizing the replacement of the four-jaw chuck 31.
[0030] In this embodiment, a self-centering wedge pusher 35 and a gripper slider 37 are used for pushing and dragging, causing the gripper slider 37 to slide along the mounting groove 004. This causes the longitudinal claw 32 or the transverse claw 33 to retract towards the center to clamp the workpiece or to open outward to release the corresponding workpiece. It can be understood that by providing a tenon protrusion 351 on the self-centering wedge pusher 35 and a wedge groove 372 on the gripper slider 37, the tenon protrusion 351 is embedded in the wedge groove 372. During the vertical movement of the self-centering wedge pusher 35, an interaction force is generated between the tenon protrusion 351 and the wedge groove 372 along the inclined direction of the wedge groove 372. This interaction force is decomposed into a vertical component and a transverse component. The top opening of the mounting groove 004 is smaller than the width of the gripper slider 37, forming a limiting step (not numbered in the attached figure) at the top of the mounting groove 004. The gripper slider 37 is embedded in the mounting groove. After 004, the jaw slider 37 can only slide radially along the mounting groove 004 and cannot move vertically. Because the longitudinal jaw 32 and the transverse jaw 33 are connected to the corresponding jaw slider 37, the vertical component force is canceled out, while the transverse component force serves as the thrust for the jaw slider 37 to slide along the mounting groove 004. At the same time, when the self-centering wedge pusher 35 is pushed upward, it will drive the corresponding four jaw sliders 37 to slide towards the center of the four-jaw chuck 31. That is, the four jaw sliders 37 slide synchronously, so that the longitudinal jaw 32 and the transverse jaw 33 of the four-jaw chuck 31 move to the center and the center of the clamped workpiece will coincide with the center of the four-jaw chuck 31, thus completing the self-centering clamping of the workpiece. When the self-centering wedge pusher 35 moves downward, it will drive the corresponding four jaw sliders 37 to slide away from the center of the four-jaw chuck 31, so that the four-jaw chuck 31 releases the corresponding workpiece.
[0031] It is understandable that with this configuration, the longitudinal claw 32 and the transverse claw 33 are connected to the self-centering wedge pusher 35 located in the chuck body 34, and the self-centering wedge pusher 35 is driven by the pneumatic drive unit 36 to push the longitudinal claw 32 and the transverse claw 33 to slide radially along the corresponding mounting slot 004, so that the four-jaw chuck 31 clamps or releases the first workpiece 01 and / or the second workpiece 02.
[0032] To connect the gripper slider 37 to the longitudinal gripper 32 or the transverse gripper 33, in one embodiment, the top surface of the gripper slider 37 is provided with a first locking tooth 373, and the bottom surface of the longitudinal gripper 32 and the transverse gripper 33 is provided with a second locking tooth 321 that is adapted to the first locking tooth 373. The first locking tooth 373 and the second locking tooth 321 engage, and the longitudinal gripper 32 or the transverse gripper 33 is locked to the corresponding gripper slider 37 by a locking bolt 38, so that the longitudinal gripper 32 or the transverse gripper 33 is fixedly connected to the corresponding gripper slider 37.
[0033] To achieve longitudinal positioning of the workpiece, in one embodiment, the transverse claw 33 includes a petal-shaped body 331. A vertical locking protrusion 332 is protruded on one transverse side of the petal-shaped body 331. A top locking tongue 002 is provided on the inner side of the top of the vertical locking protrusion 332. The block-shaped claw in the longitudinal claw 32 is located between two opposite transverse claws 33 and surrounds the vertical locking protrusions of the two transverse claws 33 to form a U-shaped locking groove 003.
[0034] In this embodiment, the two top latches 002 are positioned opposite each other, thereby forming a clamping structure at the top of the U-shaped slot 003. This prevents the second workpiece 02 from tilting up behind the U-shaped slot 003, avoiding misalignment of the workpieces. At the same time, it also limits and presses down the second workpiece 02 when the workpiece is rotated 90°, preventing the side joint from cracking before welding, which would affect the welding quality.
[0035] To enable the two transverse claws 33 to dock with the longitudinal claw 32 located on the outer longitudinal side, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment, the side of the petal-shaped body 331 is also provided with a side groove 333 that extends laterally and is concave. The two sides of the other longitudinal claw 32, which is directly opposite the block claw, respectively protrude outward with bosses 322. The bosses 322 are respectively engaged with the corresponding side grooves 333 so that the other longitudinal claw 32 is fitted with the two transverse claws 33. The top of the other longitudinal claw 32 is also formed with a tongue 323 that extends toward the groove 001. The tongue 323 is used to press the second workpiece 02 onto the first workpiece 01 and limit the longitudinal displacement of the second workpiece 02.
[0036] To enable the movable gripper mechanism 400 to move, refer to Figure 1 , Figures 7 to 10 In one embodiment, the carrier plate 100 is also provided with a slide rail 700, and the movable gripper mechanism 400 further includes a slider 41. The slider 41 is movably disposed on the slide rail 700 and is connected to the propulsion unit 42. The four-jaw chuck 31 of the movable gripper mechanism 400 is fixed on the slider 41. The propulsion unit 42 is used to push the slider 41 to move the four-jaw chuck 31 of the movable gripper mechanism 400 toward or away from the four-jaw chuck 31 of the fixed gripper mechanism 300, so that the two first workpieces 01 to be welded and the second workpiece 02 are joined together, and the welded workpieces are released.
[0037] In one embodiment, a limiting buffer seat 43 is also provided across the slide rail 700. The limiting buffer seat 43 is located between the fixed gripper mechanism 300 and the movable gripper mechanism 400. The limiting buffer seat 43 is provided with a limiting buffer 44, which is used to limit the slider 41 pushed by the propulsion unit 42 to a preset position and to buffer the movement of the slider 41.
[0038] To enable forward and reverse rotation of the transmission workpieces for welding the butt joints on both sides of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02, in one embodiment, the rotation mechanism 200 includes a drive motor 21 and a worm gear reducer 22. The output shaft of the drive motor 21 is connected to the worm gear reducer 22, and the rotating shaft of the worm gear reducer 22 is connected to the corresponding flange 500. The drive motor 21 drives the corresponding flange 500 through the worm gear reducer 22 to drive the carrier plate 100 to rotate forward or backward, so that the butt joints on both sides of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02 are flipped to the horizontal plane.
[0039] This application embodiment also provides a welding method for welding corner workpieces using the welding fixture in the above embodiments. The corner workpiece includes a first workpiece 01 and a second workpiece 02. The welding method includes: Step S1: After initially adjusting the four-jaw chuck 31 of the movable gripper mechanism 400 to the clamping position, insert the two first workpieces 01 into the corresponding slots 001, and insert the two ends of the second workpiece 02 into the two U-shaped slots 003.
[0040] Step S2: After driving the two four-jaw chucks 31 to self-center and clamp the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02, drive the movable jaw mechanism 400 to move the corresponding four-jaw chucks 31 longitudinally so that the two ends of the second workpiece 02 are joined with the two first workpieces 01, and weld the joint between the top surfaces of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02.
[0041] Step S3: The rotating mechanism 200 drives the carrier plate 100 to carry two four-jaw chucks 31 to rotate forward, so as to weld the butt joint on one side of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02.
[0042] Step S4: After completing the welding of the butt joint on one side, the rotating mechanism 200 drives the carrier plate 100 to carry the two four-jaw chucks 31 to reverse so as to weld the butt joint on the other side of the first workpiece 01 and the second workpiece 02.
[0043] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0044] Those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any appropriate changes and variations made to the above embodiments within the essential spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
Claims
1. A welding fixture, characterized in that, The system includes a carrier plate, a rotating mechanism, a fixed gripper mechanism, and a movable gripper mechanism. One end of the carrier plate is connected to a support base via a flange, and the other end is connected to the rotating mechanism mounted on the corresponding support base via the flange. The fixed gripper mechanism is fixed to the carrier plate, and the movable gripper mechanism is movably mounted on the carrier plate and positioned opposite the fixed gripper mechanism. Both the fixed and movable gripper mechanisms include a four-jaw chuck. The four-jaw chuck includes longitudinal jaws and transverse jaws. Two longitudinal jaws and two transverse jaws close together to form a slot, and two transverse jaws and one longitudinal jaw surround to form a U-shaped slot with a top latch. After the two four-jaw chucks respectively center and secure the two first workpieces in the corresponding slots, and after the two ends of the second workpiece placed on the U-shaped slot are aligned with the first workpieces and secured by the corresponding top latches, the movable jaw mechanism is driven to move the corresponding four-jaw chucks longitudinally so that the two ends of the second workpiece are joined with the two first workpieces. After welding the butt joints at the top surfaces of the first and second workpieces, the rotating mechanism drives the carrier plate to rotate the fixed gripper mechanism and the movable gripper mechanism in both directions to weld the butt joints on both sides of the first and second workpieces in sequence.
2. The welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four-jaw chuck also includes a chuck body, on which are centrally symmetrically arranged mounting slots. The longitudinal jaw and the transverse jaw are respectively installed in the corresponding mounting slots and are connected to a self-centering wedge pusher provided in the chuck body. The self-centering wedge pusher is also connected to a pneumatic drive unit. The pneumatic drive unit is used to drive the self-centering wedge pusher to obliquely push the longitudinal jaw and the transverse jaw to slide radially along the corresponding mounting slots, so that the four-jaw chuck clamps or releases the first workpiece and / or the second workpiece.
3. The welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each mounting slot is equipped with a gripper slider. The longitudinal and transverse grippers are located on the corresponding gripper sliders. The wedge portion of the gripper slider is provided with a wedge groove. The self-centering wedge pusher is provided with four centrally symmetrical and outwardly protruding oblique tenons. The oblique tenons are movably engaged with the corresponding oblique wedge grooves, so that the self-centering wedge pusher is connected to all the gripper sliders in a transmission manner. The pneumatic drive unit pushes the self-centering wedge pusher to move vertically. The self-centering wedge pusher drives all the oblique tenons to slide along the corresponding oblique wedge grooves and pushes and drags the gripper sliders to drive the longitudinal or transverse grippers to slide along the mounting slots, so that the four-jaw chuck clamps or releases the first workpiece and / or the second workpiece.
4. The welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the gripper slider is provided with a first locking tooth, and the bottom surface of the longitudinal claw and the transverse claw is provided with a second locking tooth that is adapted to the first locking tooth. The first locking tooth and the second locking tooth engage, and the longitudinal claw or the transverse claw is locked to the corresponding gripper slider by a locking bolt, so that the longitudinal claw or the transverse claw is fixedly connected to the corresponding gripper slider.
5. The welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transverse claw includes a petal-shaped body, and a vertical locking protrusion is formed on one transverse side of the petal-shaped body. The top locking tongue is provided on the inner side of the top of the vertical locking protrusion. The block-shaped claw in the longitudinal claw is located between the two opposite transverse claws and surrounds the vertical locking protrusions of the two transverse claws to form the U-shaped locking groove.
6. The welding fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side of the petal-shaped body is also provided with a side groove that extends laterally and is concave. The two sides of the other longitudinal claw, which is positioned opposite the block claw, respectively protrude outwards with bosses. The bosses are respectively engaged with the corresponding side grooves so that the other longitudinal claw is fitted with the two lateral claws. The top of the other longitudinal claw is also formed with a tongue that extends toward the groove. The tongue is used to press the second workpiece against the first workpiece and limit the longitudinal displacement of the second workpiece.
7. The welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carrier plate is also provided with a slide rail, and the movable gripper mechanism also includes a slider. The slider is movably disposed on the slide rail and is connected to the propulsion unit. The four-jaw chuck of the movable gripper mechanism is fixed on the slider. The propulsion unit is used to push the slider to move the four-jaw chuck of the movable gripper mechanism toward or away from the four-jaw chuck of the fixed gripper mechanism, so as to make the two first workpieces to be welded and the second workpiece fit together, and to release the workpieces after welding.
8. The welding fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that, A limiting buffer seat is also provided across the slide rail. The limiting buffer seat is located between the fixed gripper mechanism and the movable gripper mechanism. The limiting buffer seat is provided with a limiting damper. The limiting damper is used to limit the slider pushed by the propulsion unit to a preset position and to buffer the movement of the slider.
9. The welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism includes a drive motor and a worm gear reducer. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the worm gear reducer, and the rotating shaft of the worm gear reducer is connected to the corresponding flange. The drive motor drives the corresponding flange through the worm gear reducer to drive the carrier plate to rotate forward or backward, so that the butt joint of the sides of the first workpiece and the second workpiece is flipped to the horizontal plane.
10. A method for welding a corner workpiece, the corner workpiece comprising a first workpiece and a second workpiece, including the welding fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the welding method comprising: After the four-jaw chuck of the movable gripper mechanism is initially adjusted to the clamping position, the two first workpieces are loaded into the corresponding slots, and the two ends of the second workpiece are inserted into the two U-shaped slots. After driving the two four-jaw chucks to self-center and clamp the first and second workpieces, the movable jaw mechanism drives the corresponding four-jaw chucks to move longitudinally so that the two ends of the second workpiece are joined with the two first workpieces and the butt joint of the top surfaces of the first and second workpieces is welded. The rotating mechanism drives the carrier plate to rotate forward, carrying the two four-jaw chucks, in order to weld the butt joint on one side of the first workpiece and the second workpiece. After completing the welding of the butt joint on one side, the rotating mechanism drives the carrier plate to carry the two four-jaw chucks to reverse so as to weld the butt joint on the other side of the first workpiece and the second workpiece.