Lengthening guide type assembly method for heat exchanger supporting plate

Abstract

The invention provides an extension guide type assembly method for a heat exchanger supporting plate, and relates to the technical field of heat exchanger assembly. S1, the end, away from the tube plate, of each pull rod is connected with an extension guide head, and the extension guide head extends out of the heat exchanger shell; s2, the supporting plate is installed on a lifting tool, and the lifting tool is lifted so that the supporting plate can be close to the extension guide head; s3, enabling the extension guide head with the longest extension length to penetrate through the pull rod through hole in the corresponding position; s4, the step S3 is repeated until all the extension guide heads penetrate through the pull rod penetrating holes in the corresponding positions; s5, the supporting plate is installed in place, and the lifting tool is separated; and S6, the remaining supporting plates are installed in place, and then the extension guide heads are detached from the pull rods. By the adoption of the method, the pull rods are lengthened and extend to the outer side of the heat exchanger shell, synchronous assembling of the supporting plate and the multiple pull rods is achieved in a stepped assembling mode, the assembling efficiency and the success rate of the supporting plate are improved, and the safety risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchanger assembly technology, and more specifically, to an extension-guided assembly method for heat exchanger support plates. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by the national "dual-carbon" strategic goals, the high-end chemical industry is exhibiting a significant trend towards both large-scale and compact development of chemical equipment in order to improve quality, increase production, and enhance efficiency. In such equipment, such as ethylene triple heat exchangers employing a double-tubesheet structure, the support plates within the tube bundle framework are large in size and weight, making it difficult to ensure the coaxiality of the support plates and tube sheets during manufacturing, and also causing difficulties in lifting the support plates during assembly. Double-tubesheet heat exchangers typically require a concealed assembly process, where the outer shell and one side of the tube sheet are welded together first, and then the support plates within the tube bundle framework are assembled within a limited space.

[0003] The existing technical methods have the following main drawbacks: First, it is difficult to achieve the synchronous assembly of large support plates and multiple tie rods; second, in the concealed assembly process, conventional hoisting methods can only hoist the support plates to the outside of the heat exchanger shell, and cannot further install them into the designed position inside the heat exchanger shell; third, the traditional concealed assembly method requires operators to enter the shell to work in a confined space, which is inconvenient to operate and has high safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an extended guide assembly method for heat exchanger support plates. By extending the tie rods to the outside of the heat exchanger shell, the support plate and multiple tie rods are assembled synchronously in a stepped assembly manner. This transforms the traditional concealed assembly process of support plates into an exposed assembly operation, improving the assembly efficiency and success rate of support plates. At the same time, it effectively avoids the safety risks caused by hoisting heavy objects in a limited space in the traditional concealed assembly process.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] This application provides an extension guide assembly method for a heat exchanger support plate, wherein the support plate is limited by a tie rod connected to the heat exchanger tube sheet, and includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: The end of each tie rod away from the tube sheet is connected to the extension guide head. The end of the extension guide head away from the tie rod extends out of the heat exchanger shell. At least two tie rods have different extension lengths of their corresponding extension guide heads.

[0008] S2: Install the support plate onto the lifting fixture, and lift the lifting fixture to move the support plate closer to the extension guide head;

[0009] S3: Adjust the end of the longest extension guide head to align with the corresponding position of the tie rod through hole on the support plate, and continue to move the lifting fixture so that the longest extension guide head passes through the corresponding position of the tie rod through hole;

[0010] S4: Repeat step S3 to align the ends of the other extension guides with the corresponding pull rod holes on the support plate until each extension guide passes through the corresponding pull rod holes.

[0011] S5: After the moving lifting fixture moves the support plate to the installation position inside the heat exchanger shell, separate the support plate from the lifting fixture and move the lifting fixture to the outside of the heat exchanger shell.

[0012] S6: Repeat steps S2 to S5 to install the remaining support plates in place, and then remove the extension guide heads from each tie rod.

[0013] Furthermore, in this invention, the end of the pull rod away from the tube sheet is provided with a screw, one end of the extension guide head is a pointed tip, and the other end of the extension guide head is provided with a mounting screw hole that mates with the screw. In step S1, the extension guide head is inserted into the mounting screw hole through the screw and threaded to achieve connection with the pull rod, and the pointed tip of the extension guide head extends out of the heat exchanger shell.

[0014] Furthermore, in this invention, in step S6, after removing the extension guide head from each tie rod, the screw at the end of the tie rod is cut off and polished smooth.

[0015] Furthermore, in this invention, in step S1, before installing the tie rods, the heat exchanger is placed horizontally, the tube sheet is placed vertically, and each tie rod is horizontally fixed to the tube sheet.

[0016] Furthermore, in this invention, in step S1, the extension length of the guide head gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0017] Furthermore, in this invention, the lifting fixture includes a lifting beam, a counterweight block disposed at one end of the lifting beam, and an assembly frame disposed at the other end of the lifting beam, with at least two lifting lugs spaced apart on the lifting beam.

[0018] In step S2, the support plate is detachably installed on the assembly frame.

[0019] Furthermore, in this invention, in step S2, the support plate is provided with multiple screw holes, which are staggered from the tie rod through holes. The assembly frame is provided with multiple mounting through holes. When fixing the support plate, the support plate is installed on the assembly frame by passing the fixing bolts through the mounting through holes and threadedly connecting them with the screw holes of the support plate.

[0020] Furthermore, in this invention, before each support plate is installed, a spacer tube is fitted onto the outer wall of the tie rod to limit the position of each support plate.

[0021] Furthermore, in this invention, the end of the pull rod away from the tube sheet is provided with an external thread. After each support plate is installed, a nut is threadedly connected to the end of the pull rod away from the tube sheet to limit the last support plate.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0023] The extended guide assembly method for heat exchanger support plates provided by this invention extends the tie rods to the outside of the heat exchanger shell, and realizes the synchronous assembly of the support plate and multiple tie rods in a stepped assembly manner. This transforms the traditional concealed assembly process of support plates into an exposed assembly operation, improving the assembly efficiency and success rate of support plates, while effectively avoiding the safety risks brought about by traditional concealed assembly when hoisting heavy objects in a limited space. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the support plate assembly process provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the support plate assembly process provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the support plate assembly process provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0028] Figure 4 A front view of the tie rod and the extension guide head provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a side view of the assembly rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Icons: 10-Tube sheet; 20-Tie rod; 21-Screw rod; 30-Extended guide head; 31-Mounting screw hole; 40-Heat exchanger shell; 50-Support plate; 60-Lifting fixture; 61-Lifting beam; 62-Counterweight; 63-Lifting lug; 64-Assembly frame; 641-Mounting through hole; 642-Fixing bolt; 65-Lifting rope. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Example

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-5 This embodiment provides a method for extending and guiding the assembly of a heat exchanger support plate. The support plate 50 is limited by a tie rod 20 connected to the heat exchanger tube sheet 10, and includes the following steps:

[0034] S1: The heat exchanger is placed horizontally, and the tube sheet 10 is placed vertically. One end of each tie rod 20 is horizontally fixed to the tube sheet 10 on one side of the heat exchanger. The end of each tie rod 20 away from the tube sheet 10 is connected to the extension guide head 30. The end of the extension guide head 30 away from the tie rod 20 extends out of the heat exchanger shell 40. At least two tie rods 20 have different extension lengths of their corresponding extension guide heads 30. In this embodiment, the extension length of the extension guide head 30 gradually decreases from top to bottom. That is, extension guide heads 30 of different lengths are selected. The uppermost extension guide head 30 is the longest and extends out of the heat exchanger shell 40 the longest. The lowermost extension guide head 30 is the shortest and extends out of the heat exchanger shell 40 the shortest. This makes it easy to pass each extension guide head 30 through the tie rod holes of the support plate 50 in a stepped manner in batches.

[0035] In this embodiment, the end of the pull rod 20 furthest from the tube sheet 10 is provided with a screw 21, and one end of the extension guide head 30 is a smoothly transitioned tip. The tip design facilitates the smooth passage of the extension guide head 30 through the pull rod through hole of the support plate 50. The other end of the extension guide head 30 is provided with a mounting screw hole 31 that mates with the screw 21. The extension guide head 30 is inserted into the mounting screw hole 31 through the screw 21 and threaded to achieve connection with the pull rod 20. The tip of the extension guide head 30 extends outside the heat exchanger housing 40.

[0036] S2: Install the support plate 50 onto the lifting fixture 60, and lift the lifting fixture 60 to move the support plate 50 closer to the extended guide head 30; as follows: Figures 1-3 and Figure 5As shown, the lifting fixture 60 in this embodiment includes a lifting beam 61, a counterweight 62 at one end of the lifting beam 61, and an assembly frame 64 at the other end of the lifting beam 61. At least two lifting lugs 63 are spaced apart on the lifting beam 61. A support plate 50 is detachably installed on the assembly frame 64. The support plate 50 has multiple screw holes staggered from the tie rod holes. The assembly frame 64 has multiple mounting through holes 641 arranged in a V-shape. When fixing the support plate 50, fixing bolts 642 pass through the mounting through holes 641 and are threadedly connected to the screw holes of the support plate 50 to install the support plate 50 onto the assembly frame 64. A corresponding number of counterweights 62 are selected and fixed to the lifting beam 61 according to the weight of the support plate 50. When lifting the lifting fixture 60, the lifting fixture 60 and the support plate 50 are lifted together by connecting the lifting lugs 63 with the lifting rope 65 of the lifting equipment. The hoisting equipment can be existing cranes, overhead cranes, etc., and two hoisting ropes 65 can be used and fixed to two hoisting lugs 63 respectively.

[0037] S3: Adjust the end of the longest extension guide head 30 to align with the corresponding pull rod through hole on the support plate 50. Continue moving the lifting fixture 60 so that the longest extension guide head 30 passes through the corresponding pull rod through hole. The position at this time is as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0038] S4: Repeat step S3 to adjust the ends of the extension guides 30 of other extended lengths to align with the corresponding pull rod through holes of the support plate 50 until each extension guide 30 passes through the corresponding pull rod through hole.

[0039] S5: After the lifting fixture 60 moves the support plate 50 to its installation position inside the heat exchanger shell 40, separate the support plate 50 from the lifting fixture 60. To separate, simply rotate and remove the fixing bolt 642. Move the lifting fixture 60 to the outside of the heat exchanger shell 40, and the support plate 50 will remain in its installation position, as shown below. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown.

[0040] S6: Repeat steps S2 to S5 to install the remaining support plate 50 in place, then remove the extension guide head 30 from each tie rod 20. After removing the extension guide head 30 from each tie rod 20, cut off the screw 21 at the end of the tie rod 20 and grind it smooth.

[0041] Before installing each support plate 50, a spacer tube is pre-installed on the outer wall of the tie rod 20 to limit the position of each support plate 50. The end of the tie rod 20 away from the tube plate 10 has an external thread. After installing each support plate 50, a nut is threaded onto the end of the tie rod 20 away from the tube plate 10 to limit the position of the last support plate 50. That is, after installing each support plate 50, the distance between the first support plate 50 and the tube plate 10 is determined by the first spacer tube, and the distances between any two adjacent support plates 50 are also determined by the spacer tubes. The last support plate 50 is then fixed with a nut. This facilitates fixing each support plate 50 to the tie rod 20 and prevents displacement during use.

[0042] The extension-guided assembly method for heat exchanger support plates provided in this application extends the assembly operation of tie rods and support plates, which is traditionally performed inside the heat exchanger shell, to the outside of the heat exchanger shell through the tie rod extension design. This achieves a transformation from "concealed assembly" to "exposed assembly," significantly improving assembly efficiency and reducing safety risks associated with confined space operations. The gradient extension method effectively solves the problem of aligning and inserting multiple tie rods and support plates, greatly improving production efficiency. The tie rod extension uses a threaded connection, which facilitates installation and disassembly, making it simple to operate and highly practical. The proposed special heavy-duty lifting fixture can effectively solve the problem of lifting heavy components in confined spaces, ensuring a stable, reliable, and easily adjustable lifting process. The V-shaped distribution structure of the multiple mounting through holes avoids interference with surrounding parts. The connection to the support plate using fixing bolts provides the advantages of safety, sturdiness, and ease of disassembly.

[0043] Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" in this application embodiment should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and "side," etc., are merely for reference to the direction in the accompanying drawings or the usual placement of the product during use. They are only for clearly describing this application and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They should not be construed as limitations on this application. The terms "first," "second," etc., are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; "multiple" refers to at least two. In this application embodiment, the limitations on relative positional relationships such as parallel, perpendicular, and aligned are all relative to the current technological level and are not absolutely strict limitations. Slight deviations are allowed; approximations of parallel, perpendicular, and aligned are all acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 degrees and 10 degrees.

[0044] The above are only some embodiments and implementation methods of this application. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of this application. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for extending and guiding the assembly of a heat exchanger support plate, wherein the support plate is limited by a tie rod connected to a heat exchanger tube sheet, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The end of each tie rod (20) away from the tube sheet (10) is connected to the extension guide head (30). The end of the extension guide head (30) away from the tie rod (20) extends out to the outside of the heat exchanger shell (40). At least two tie rods (20) have different extension lengths of their corresponding extension guide heads (30). S2: Install the support plate (50) onto the lifting fixture (60) and lift the lifting fixture (60) to move the support plate (50) closer to the extension guide head (30); S3: Adjust the end of the longest extension guide head (30) to align with the corresponding position of the pull rod through hole on the support plate (50), and continue to move the lifting fixture (60) so that the longest extension guide head (30) passes through the corresponding position of the pull rod through hole; S4: Repeat step S3 to align the ends of the other extension guides (30) with the corresponding pull rod through holes on the support plate (50) until each extension guide (30) passes through the corresponding pull rod through hole. S5: After the moving lifting fixture (60) moves the support plate (50) to the installation position inside the heat exchanger shell (40), the support plate (50) is separated from the lifting fixture (60), and the lifting fixture (60) is moved to the outside of the heat exchanger shell (40). S6: Repeat steps S2 to S5 to install the remaining support plate (50) in place, and then remove the extension guide head (30) from each tie rod (20).

2. The method for extending and guiding the assembly of a heat exchanger support plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pull rod (20) has a screw (21) at one end away from the tube sheet (10), and the extension guide head (30) has a pointed end at one end and a mounting screw hole (31) at the other end that mates with the screw (21). In step S1, the extension guide head (30) is inserted into the mounting screw hole (31) through the screw (21) and threaded to connect with the pull rod (20). The pointed end of the extension guide head (30) extends out of the heat exchanger housing (40).

3. The method for extending and guiding the assembly of a heat exchanger support plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S6, after removing the extension guide head (30) from each tie rod (20), the screw (21) at the end of the tie rod (20) is cut off and polished smooth.

4. The method for extending and guiding the assembly of a heat exchanger support plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, before installing the tie rods (20), the heat exchanger is placed horizontally, the tube sheet (10) is placed vertically, and each tie rod (20) is horizontally fixed to the tube sheet (10).

5. The method for extending and guiding the assembly of a heat exchanger support plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S1, the extension length of the guide head (30) gradually decreases from top to bottom.

6. The method for extending and guiding an assembly plate for a heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting fixture (60) includes a lifting beam (61), a counterweight (62) at one end of the lifting beam (61), and an assembly frame (64) at the other end of the lifting beam (61). At least two lifting lugs (63) are provided at intervals on the lifting beam (61). In step S2, the support plate (50) is detachably installed on the assembly frame (64).

7. The method for extending and guiding an assembly plate for a heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, the support plate (50) is provided with multiple screw holes, which are staggered from the through holes of the tie rod. The assembly frame (64) is provided with multiple mounting through holes (641). When fixing the support plate (50), the support plate (50) is installed on the assembly frame (64) by passing the fixing bolts (642) through the mounting through holes (641) and threadedly connecting them with the screw holes of the support plate (50).

8. The method for extending and guiding the assembly of a heat exchanger support plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before each support plate (50) is installed, a spacer tube is fitted on the outer wall of the tie rod (20) to limit the position of each support plate (50).

9. A method for extending and guiding the assembly of a heat exchanger support plate according to claim 8, characterized in that, The end of the tie rod (20) away from the tube sheet (10) is provided with an external thread. After each support plate (50) is installed, a nut is threaded onto the end of the tie rod (20) away from the tube sheet (10) to limit the last support plate (50).

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