Flax stem crushing equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of flax stem processing equipment, in particular to flax stem crushing equipment, which comprises a main body unit, comprising a first material guiding mechanism arranged on a shell, a second material guiding mechanism arranged on one side of the first material guiding mechanism, a first stem crushing mechanism arranged on the side, away from the first material guiding mechanism, of the second material guiding mechanism, and a second stem crushing mechanism arranged on the side, away from the second material guiding mechanism, of the first stem crushing mechanism. The third guide mechanism is arranged on the side, away from the first stem crushing mechanism, of the second stem crushing mechanism; by optimizing the sectional layout of the stem crushing units and the combined design of the roller bodies, the consistency and the processing efficiency of the crushed stems can be improved, by means of the flexible adjusting function of the second driving mechanism, the fiber damage rate can be further reduced, the completeness and the quality of the bast fibers are guaranteed, and by arranging a double material distributing structure and an adjustable fixing mechanism, the processing efficiency of the bast fibers is improved. The separation purity of the bast fibers and the hemp bone fragments is effectively improved, the subsequent processing procedures can be reduced, and the actual production cost is effectively reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of flax stem processing equipment, in particular to a flax stem breaking device. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important economic crop, flax stems are rich in high-quality bast fibers, which are the core raw material in the fields of textiles, papermaking, and bio-based materials. One of the key steps in processing flax stems is breaking the stems, which involves mechanically disrupting the combination of the xylem and bast fibers in the stem to separate the bast fibers from the stem. Flax stem breaking devices primarily use mechanical methods such as rolling and rubbing to break and detach the bast fibers from the stem. The rolling or rubbing force of the rollers or teeth causes the stem to break and the bast fibers to separate. Some devices use a single straight roller or a spiral roller. While straight rollers can achieve stable conveying, the rubbing effect is relatively limited, which may result in incomplete separation of the bast fibers from the stem. If the spiral roller is not properly arranged, it may also cause the material to deviate, leading to incomplete breaking or excessive compression of the fibers, which not only affects the breaking efficiency but also increases the damage rate of the bast fibers, affecting the quality of the processed product. In view of the above, we propose a flax stem breaking device. SUMMARY

[0003] To address the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a flax stem breaking device that effectively solves the problems of limited rubbing effect, incomplete separation of bast fibers from the stem, improper arrangement of spiral rollers, material deviation, incomplete breaking, and fiber breakage, which affect the breaking efficiency and fiber quality.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present application is implemented through the following technical solutions: The present application provides a flax stem breaking device, which includes a main unit, a shell, a cover plate for maintenance arranged on the shell, and the following components: a stem breaking unit, including a material guiding mechanism one arranged on the shell, a material guiding mechanism two arranged on one side of the material guiding mechanism one, a stem breaking mechanism one arranged on the side of the material guiding mechanism two away from the material guiding mechanism one, a stem breaking mechanism two arranged on the side of the stem breaking mechanism one away from the material guiding mechanism two, and a material guiding mechanism three arranged on the side of the stem breaking mechanism two away from the stem breaking mechanism one; a material discharging unit, including a material guiding plate arranged on the shell, a material distributing mechanism arranged below the material guiding plate, and a fixing mechanism arranged on the shell for adjusting the position of the material distributing mechanism; The drive unit includes a drive mechanism 1 mounted on the housing for rotating the first guide mechanism, the second guide mechanism, the first stem crushing mechanism, the second stem crushing mechanism, and the third guide mechanism; and a drive mechanism 2 mounted on the housing for adjusting the spacing between the first guide mechanism, the second guide mechanism, the first stem crushing mechanism, the second stem crushing mechanism, and the third guide mechanism.

[0005] Furthermore, the material guiding mechanism includes a linear drive roller 1 and a linear drive roller 2 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing, with a linear driven roller 1 meshing above the linear drive roller 2.

[0006] Furthermore, the second material guiding mechanism includes a linear drive roller three rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing, and a linear driven roller two meshing above the linear drive roller three.

[0007] Furthermore, the stem-crushing mechanism includes a spiral drive roller rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing, and a spiral driven roller meshing above the spiral drive roller.

[0008] Furthermore, the stem-crushing mechanism 2 includes a spiral active roller 2 and a spiral active roller 3 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing. The spiral active roller 2 and the spiral active roller 3 have opposite thread patterns on their surfaces, and a spiral driven roller 2 and a spiral driven roller 3 are respectively meshed and connected above the spiral active roller 2 and the spiral active roller 3.

[0009] Furthermore, the material guiding mechanism three includes a linear drive roller four rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing, and a linear driven roller three meshing above the linear drive roller four.

[0010] Furthermore, the material distribution mechanism includes a multi-component material distribution roller 1 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing, and a material distribution roller 2 disposed below the material guiding mechanism 1.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing frame fixedly connected to both sides of the housing, a slider 1 slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame, one side of the slider 1 being rotatably connected to one end of the distributing roller 2, and a locking screw rotatably connected to one side of the slider 1, the surface of the locking screw being threadedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes multiple sets of motors fixedly connected to one side of the housing. Each motor is fixedly connected to a drive gear via an output shaft. A driven gear is meshed with the radial side of the drive gear. The driven gear is fixedly connected to one end of the linear drive roller 1, linear drive roller 2, linear drive roller 3, spiral drive roller 1, spiral drive roller 2, spiral drive roller 3, and linear drive roller 4 on the axial side.

[0013] Furthermore, the second drive mechanism includes multiple sets of electric telescopic rods fixedly connected to the top of the housing. The telescopic ends of the electric telescopic rods are fixedly connected to sliders two. The surface of sliders two is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing. The inner wall of sliders two is fixedly connected to a bearing seat. The inner wall of the bearing seat is rotatably connected to one end of linear driven roller one, linear driven roller two, spiral driven roller one, spiral driven roller two, spiral driven roller three, and linear driven roller three.

[0014] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with known public technologies: This invention optimizes the segmented layout and roller combination design of the flax stalk crushing unit. First, the material is secondarily shaped and combed by the guiding mechanism, then the flax stalks are progressively crushed by a two-stage crushing mechanism, and finally the material is discharged by the guiding mechanism. This effectively reduces the problems of material deviation and uneven crushing, thereby achieving uniform crushing of flax stalks across the entire width. This improves the consistency of crushing and processing efficiency. Furthermore, with the flexible adjustment function of the second drive mechanism, the roller spacing and clamping pressure can be precisely adjusted according to the material coarseness, moisture content, and other working conditions to adapt to the processing needs of flax stalks of different specifications. This avoids the situation of coarse stalks blocking the material and excessive damage to fine stalk fibers, further reducing the fiber damage rate and ensuring the integrity and quality of the bast fibers. By setting up a dual-splitting structure and an adjustable fixing mechanism, the hemp bone fragments that fall off at the feed end can be separated in advance, and then the material after the shredded stems is precisely split. At the same time, the splitting distance can be flexibly adjusted, which effectively improves the separation purity of bast fiber and hemp bone fragments, reduces subsequent processing steps, and effectively reduces actual production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stem fragmentation unit structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 6 For the present inventionFigure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0017] The labels in the diagram represent: 100, main body unit; 101, shell; 102, cover plate; 200. Stem Crushing Unit; 201. Feeding Mechanism 1; 2011. Linear Driven Roller 1; 2012. Linear Driven Roller 2; 2013. Linear Driven Roller 1; 202. Feeding Mechanism 2; 2021. Linear Driven Roller 3; 2022. Linear Driven Roller 2; 203. Stem Crushing Mechanism 1; 2031. Spiral Driven Roller 1; 2032. Spiral Driven Roller 1; 204. Stem Crushing Mechanism 2; 2041. Spiral Driven Roller 2; 2042. Spiral Driven Roller 2; 2043. Spiral Driven Roller 3; 2044. Spiral Driven Roller 3; 205. Feeding Mechanism 3; 2051. Linear Driven Roller 4; 2052. Linear Driven Roller 3; 300. Discharge unit; 301. Guide plate; 302. Material distribution mechanism; 3021. Material distribution roller one; 3022. Material distribution roller two; 303. Fixing mechanism; 3031. Fixing frame; 3032. Slider one; 3033. Locking screw 400. Drive unit; 401. Drive mechanism one; 4011. Motor; 4012. Drive gear; 4013. Driven gear; 402. Drive mechanism two; 4021. Electric telescopic rod; 4022. Slider two; 4023. Bearing seat. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a flax stalk crushing device includes a main unit 100, including a housing 101 and a cover plate 102 disposed on the housing 101 for maintenance. It also includes a stalk crushing unit 200, comprising a first guide mechanism 201 disposed on the housing 101, a second guide mechanism 202 disposed on one side of the first guide mechanism 201, a first stalk crushing mechanism 203 disposed on the side of the second guide mechanism 202 away from the first guide mechanism 201, and a third stalk crushing mechanism 203 disposed on the side of the first stalk crushing mechanism 203 away from the second guide mechanism 201. 2. A stem-crushing mechanism 204 on one side, and a guide mechanism 205 on the side of the stem-crushing mechanism 204 away from the stem-crushing mechanism 203; a discharge unit 300; a guide plate 301 on the housing 101; a distributing mechanism 302 below the guide plate 301; and a fixing mechanism 303 on the housing 101 for adjusting the position of the distributing mechanism 302; a drive unit 400 on the housing 101 for driving the guide mechanism 201 and the guide mechanism 205. A drive mechanism 401 for rotating the stem-crushing mechanism 202, stem-crushing mechanism 203, stem-crushing mechanism 204, and guide mechanism 305; and a drive mechanism 402 mounted on the housing 101 for adjusting the spacing between the guide mechanism 201, guide mechanism 202, stem-crushing mechanism 203, stem-crushing mechanism 204, and guide mechanism 305; the housing 101 has a pre-reserved installation chamber for fixing the stem-crushing unit 200 and the discharge unit 300; the top of the housing 101 is connected by a hinge. The hinged cover plate 102 facilitates quick opening for equipment inspection and maintenance. The stalk crushing unit 200 is sequentially assembled inside the housing 101 along the flax stalk conveying direction. The material guiding mechanism 1 201, material guiding mechanism 202, stalk crushing mechanism 1 203, stalk crushing mechanism 204, and material guiding mechanism 3 205 are arranged in a straight line to ensure continuous and smooth material conveying. The discharge unit 300 is assembled below the housing 101. The material guide plate 301 adopts a trapezoidal steel plate structure to receive the material after stalk crushing and guide its flow in a directional manner. Specifically, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The first guiding mechanism 201 includes a linear active roller 2011 and a linear active roller 2012 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 101. A linear driven roller 2013 is meshed above the linear active roller 2012. The second guiding mechanism 202 includes a linear active roller 3021 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 101. A linear driven roller 2022 is meshed above the linear active roller 3021. The third guiding mechanism 205 includes a linear active roller 4051 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 101. A linear driven roller 3052 is meshed above the linear active roller 4051. The linear active rollers 1011 and 2012 are horizontally parallel to each other and installed on the inner wall of the housing 101. The roller surfaces are machined with axial straight teeth to enhance the clamping force on the flax stalks. A straight tooth is provided above the linear active roller 2012. The linear driven roller 2013, along with the drive mechanism 401, ensures that the material is smoothly clamped and conveyed, preventing deviation or congestion during feeding. The linear driven roller 3 2021 has the same specifications as the linear driven roller 1 2011 and is horizontally rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 101. The linear driven roller 2 2022 is mounted directly above the linear driven roller 3 2021, and the two mesh together to receive the material conveyed by the guide mechanism 201, further sorting the stem direction so that the material enters the stem crushing mechanism 203 in a uniform thin layer, improving the uniformity of stem crushing. As a guide structure for the material after stem crushing, the linear driven roller 4 2051 and the linear driven roller 3 2052 have the same specifications as the guide mechanism 2 202, and the two mesh together to clamp the material after stem crushing, preventing the bast fibers and hemp bone fragments from separating and accumulating during the conveying process. It should be noted that during use, the first material guide mechanism 201 achieves initial clamping and straightening through the combination of double active rollers and driven rollers. The second material guide mechanism 202 connects to the subsequent stem crushing process, combing the material into a uniform thin layer and providing a stable material supply for the stem crushing mechanism. The third material guide mechanism 205 ensures the smooth discharge of the material after stem crushing, ensuring the continuous and stable conveying process. Specifically, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The first stem-crushing mechanism 203 includes a spiral active roller 2031 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 101, and a spiral driven roller 2032 meshing above the spiral active roller 2031. The second stem-crushing mechanism 204 includes a spiral active roller 2041 and a spiral active roller 2043 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 101. The spiral active rollers 2041 and 2043 have opposite thread patterns on their surfaces, and spiral driven rollers 2042 and 2044 are respectively meshing above the spiral active rollers 2041 and 2043. The spiral active roller 2031 is horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the housing 101, and the roller surface is machined with right-hand spiral teeth to enhance the kneading effect. The spiral driven roller 2032 is assembled directly above the spiral active roller 2031. Both have the same specifications and the same spiral direction. When meshing, the spiral teeth generate axial propulsion force and circumferential kneading force on the material, causing the flax stalks to be initially broken and the flax core and bast fibers to begin to separate. The assembly position of the second stalk crushing mechanism 204 is close to the first stalk crushing mechanism 203. It adopts a symmetrical structure of double active rollers and double passive rollers. The second spiral active roller 2041 and the third spiral active roller 2043 are horizontally parallel to each other on the inner wall of the housing 101. Their specifications are the same as those of the first spiral active roller 2031, but the second spiral active roller 2041 has right-handed teeth and the third spiral active roller 2043 has left-handed teeth, forming a reverse kneading cooperation. The second spiral passive roller 2042 and the third spiral passive roller 2044 are respectively assembled directly above the second spiral active roller 2041 and the third spiral active roller 2043. Their specifications are the same as those of the corresponding active rollers. It should be noted that during use, the stem crushing mechanism 203 first performs preliminary spiral kneading on the material, causing the stems to crack and initially separate the hemp bone from the fiber. Then the material enters the stem crushing mechanism 204. The right-handed tooth pattern of the spiral drive roller 2041 and the left-handed tooth pattern of the spiral drive roller 3043 form a reverse lateral force to perform secondary intensified kneading on the material, completely separating the remaining hemp bone fragments from the bast fiber. At the same time, the reverse spiral structure can prevent the material from deviating at the edge, ensuring that the stem crushing effect is consistent across the entire material, further improving the stem crushing efficiency, and reducing fiber damage. Specifically, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6The material distribution mechanism 302 includes a multi-component material distribution roller 3021 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 101, and a second material distribution roller 3022 disposed below the first material guiding mechanism 201. The fixing mechanism 303 includes a fixing frame 3031 fixedly connected to both sides of the housing 101. A slider 3032 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame 3031. One side of the slider 3032 is rotatably connected to one end of the second material distribution roller 3022, and a locking screw 3033 is rotatably connected to one side of the slider 3032. The surface of the locking screw 3033 is threaded to the inner wall of the fixing frame 3031. The multi-component material distribution roller 3021 has a cylindrical structure with a smooth surface and is evenly arranged below the guide plate 301. It is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 101 through bearings. The crushed material falls onto the first material distribution roller 3021. Utilizing the difference in specific gravity between the bast fibers and the hemp bone fragments, the hemp bone fragments fall out from the gaps in the first material distribution roller 3021 and are discharged, while the bast fibers... Driven by the rotation of the first distribution roller 3021, the material is conveyed to the discharge end. The second distribution roller 3022 has the same specifications as the first distribution roller 3021 and is assembled below the first guiding mechanism 201. It can be used to separate a small amount of hemp bone fragments that may fall at the inlet end in advance, so as to avoid them entering the subsequent crushing mechanism and affecting the processing effect. The assembly of the fixing mechanism 303 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the shell 101. The fixing frame 3031 is formed by welding angle iron and is vertically fixed to the outer wall of the shell 101. The inner wall of the fixing frame 3031 has a vertical sliding groove. The first slider 3032 is embedded in the sliding groove and can slide up and down along the sliding groove. The inner side of the first slider 3032 is connected to both ends of the second distribution roller 3022 through the bearing to realize the rotation and position adjustment of the second distribution roller 3022. One end of the locking screw 3033 is rotatably connected to the first slider 3032 through the bearing, and the other end is threaded through the transverse baffle of the fixing frame 3031. A handwheel is installed at the end of the screw for easy manual adjustment. It should be noted that during use, by rotating the handwheel of the locking screw 3033, the slider 3032 can be driven to move axially along the groove of the fixed frame 3031, thereby adjusting the distance between the second separating roller 3022 and the corresponding first separating roller 3021. When processing coarse stalks, the distance is increased to avoid the accumulation of hemp bone fragments. When processing thin stalks, the distance is decreased to improve the initial material separation effect. The first separating roller 3021 and the second separating roller 3022 cooperate to achieve double separation, improve the purity of bast fiber, and further improve the material separation efficiency. Specifically, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The drive mechanism 401 includes multiple motors 4011 fixedly connected to one side of the housing 101. Each motor 4011 is fixedly connected to a drive gear 4012 via an output shaft. A driven gear 4013 meshes with the radial side of the drive gear 4012. The driven gear 4013 is axially fixedly connected to linear drive roller 2011, linear drive roller 2012, linear drive roller 3021, spiral drive roller 2031, spiral drive roller 2041, spiral drive roller 3043, and... One end of the linear drive roller 2051, the drive mechanism 2 402 includes multiple sets of electric telescopic rods 4021 fixedly connected to the top of the housing 101. A slider 2 4022 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of each electric telescopic rod 4021. The surface of the slider 2 4022 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing 101. A bearing seat 4023 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slider 2 4022. The inner wall of the bearing seat 4023 is rotatably connected to the linear driven roller 2013, the linear driven roller 2022, the helical driven roller 2032, and the helical driven roller 2051. One end of the second driven roller 2042, the third spiral driven roller 2044, and the third linear driven roller 2052; multiple sets of motors 4011 are fixed to the outer wall of the housing 101 by bolts. The number of motors 4011 is the same as the number of driving rollers in each mechanism. The output shaft of each set of motors 4011 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 4012 by a flat key. The radial side of the driving gear 4012 meshes with the driven gear 4013. The driven gear 4013 is fixed to one end of each driving roller by a flat key to realize power transmission. Telescopic rod 4021 is fixed to the top of housing 101 by bolts. The number of electric telescopic rods 4021 is the same as the number of driven rollers of each mechanism. The telescopic end of electric telescopic rod 4021 is connected to slider 4022 by thread. Slider 4022 is embedded in a pre-set vertical groove on the inner wall of housing 101 and can slide up and down along the groove. The inner wall of slider 4022 is fixed to bearing seat 4023 by bolts. The inner ring of bearing seat 4023 is interference-fitted with one end of each driven roller to realize the rotation support and height adjustment of the driven roller. It should be noted that during use, after the motor 4011 starts, it drives each active roller to rotate synchronously through the meshing transmission of the active gear 4012 and the driven gear 4013. The active rollers then mesh with the corresponding driven rollers to achieve material clamping, conveying, and shredding. The drive mechanism 402 can adjust the height of each driven roller according to the working conditions such as the thickness and moisture content of the flax stalks by extending and retracting the electric telescopic rod 4021, thereby changing the roller spacing and clamping pressure. For example, for thick stalks with high moisture content, the electric telescopic rod 4021 retracts, driving the driven rollers to rise, increasing the roller spacing and reducing the pressure. Conversely, for thin stalks with low moisture content, the electric telescopic rod 4021 extends, driving the driven rollers to fall, decreasing the roller spacing and increasing the pressure, ensuring the shredding effect and fiber quality.

[0021] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Before the equipment is started, the parameters are preset by the drive mechanism 402 of the drive unit 400 according to the thickness, moisture content and other working conditions of the flax stalks to be processed. The multiple sets of electric telescopic rods 4021 are controlled to extend and retract, which drives the slider 4022 to slide along the vertical groove on the inner wall of the housing 101. Then, the height of the linear driven roller 2013, the linear driven roller 2022, the spiral driven roller 2032, the spiral driven roller 2042, the spiral driven roller 3044 and the linear driven roller 3 2052 are adjusted by the bearing seat 4023 so that the distance between the active roller and the driven roller in each mechanism is adapted to the material specifications. The larger roller distance corresponds to the thick stalks or stalks with high moisture content, and the smaller roller distance corresponds to the thin stalks or stalks with low moisture content, so as to avoid material blockage or excessive fiber damage. At the same time, the position of the second material distribution roller 3022 is adjusted by the fixing mechanism 303 of the discharge unit 300, and the handwheel of the locking screw 3033 is rotated to drive the first slider 3032 to move along the slide groove of the fixing frame 3031, thereby changing the distance between the second material distribution roller 3022 and the adjacent first material distribution roller 3021 to meet the initial material distribution requirements at the feed end. After the equipment is started, the drive mechanism 401 of the drive unit 400 starts to work, and multiple sets of motors 4011 start synchronously. They drive the drive gear 4012 to rotate through the output shaft. The drive gear 4012 meshes with the driven gear 4013 to drive the linear drive roller 2011, linear drive roller 2012, linear drive roller 3021, spiral drive roller 2031, spiral drive roller 2041, spiral drive roller 3043 and linear drive roller 4051 to rotate synchronously. Each drive roller then drives the meshing driven roller to rotate in the opposite direction to achieve clamping and conveying of the stem. After the flax stalks are fed into the equipment, they first enter the guiding mechanism 201 of the stalk crushing unit 200. The linear active roller 2011 and the linear active roller 2012 rotate horizontally in the same direction, while the linear driven roller 2013 above rotates in the opposite direction. The axial linear teeth on the roller surface form a stable clamping force, which initially straightens the messy stalks and conveys them forward, avoiding deviation of the feed. During the process, a small number of flax bone fragments that fall off in advance are separated and discharged by the separating roller 3022 below the guiding mechanism 201, preventing them from entering the subsequent stalk crushing mechanism and affecting the processing accuracy. After being regulated by the first guiding mechanism 201, the material enters the adjacent second guiding mechanism 202. The linear active roller 3 2021 and the linear driven roller 2 2022 mesh and rotate to further sort out the direction of the stems, organize the material into a uniform thin layer, and smoothly convey it to the first stalk crushing mechanism 203 to provide uniform material for precise stalk crushing. The stem crushing mechanism 203 is a primary stem crushing structure. The spiral active roller 2031 and the spiral driven roller 2032 mesh and rotate in the same spiral direction. The right-hand spiral teeth on the roller surface, while clamping and conveying the material forward, generate circumferential kneading force and axial propulsion force on the stem, causing the stem epidermis to break and the hemp bone and bast fiber to be initially separated, thus avoiding fiber breakage caused by one-time strong stem crushing. After initial crushing, the material directly enters the second crushing mechanism 204 for secondary crushing. The second spiral active roller 2041 and the third spiral active roller 2043 rotate in opposite directions, and together with the corresponding upper spiral driven rollers 2042 and 3044, they form a reverse lateral kneading force. While the material is axially advanced, it is squeezed and misaligned by the reverse spiral teeth on both sides, and the remaining hemp bone and bast fiber are completely separated. Moreover, the reverse spiral structure can counteract the edge deviation tendency of the material and improve the consistency of the material crushing effect. The material that has been separated from the shredded stems and fibers enters the feeding mechanism 205 at the end of the shredded stem unit 200. The linear drive roller 2051 and the linear driven roller 2052 mesh and rotate, clamping and conveying the material mixed with bast fibers and hemp bone fragments smoothly. The guide plate 301 adopts a trapezoidal structure, which guides the material to slide down to the distribution mechanism 302 below by tilting. In the distribution mechanism 302, multiple distribution rollers 3021 are evenly arranged below the guide plate 301 and passively rotate. Utilizing the difference in specific gravity and shape between bast fibers and hemp bone fragments, the heavier hemp bone fragments fall through the gaps between the distribution rollers 3021 and are discharged through a special channel. The tough and lighter bast fibers are attached to the surface of the distribution rollers 3021 and are conveyed to the discharge end of the equipment as the rollers rotate. Finally, the precise separation of fibers and hemp bone is completed, and high-quality flax bast fibers are obtained.

[0022] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flax stalk crushing device, comprising a main unit (100), including a housing (101), and a cover plate (102) disposed on the housing (101) for maintenance, characterized in that, include, The stem-crushing unit (200) includes a first guide mechanism (201) disposed on the housing (101), a second guide mechanism (202) disposed on one side of the first guide mechanism (201), a first stem-crushing mechanism (203) disposed on the side of the second guide mechanism (202) away from the first guide mechanism (201), a second stem-crushing mechanism (204) disposed on the side of the first stem-crushing mechanism (203) away from the second guide mechanism (202), and a third guide mechanism (205) disposed on the side of the second stem-crushing mechanism (204) away from the first stem-crushing mechanism (203). The discharge unit (300) includes a guide plate (301) disposed on the housing (101), a distributing mechanism (302) disposed below the guide plate (301), and a fixing mechanism (303) disposed on the housing (101) for adjusting the position of the distributing mechanism (302). The drive unit (400) includes a drive mechanism 1 (401) mounted on the housing (101) for rotating the first guide mechanism (201), the second guide mechanism (202), the first stem crushing mechanism (203), the second stem crushing mechanism (204), and the third guide mechanism (205), and a drive mechanism 2 (402) mounted on the housing (101) for adjusting the spacing between the first guide mechanism (201), the second guide mechanism (202), the first stem crushing mechanism (203), the second stem crushing mechanism (204), and the third guide mechanism (205).

2. The flax stalk crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material guiding mechanism 1 (201) includes a linear active roller 1 (2011) and a linear active roller 2 (2012) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (101), and a linear driven roller 1 (2013) meshing above the linear active roller 2 (2012).

3. The flax stalk crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second material guiding mechanism (202) includes a linear active roller three (2021) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (101), and a linear driven roller two (2022) meshing above the linear active roller three (2021).

4. The flax stalk crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stem crushing mechanism (203) includes a spiral active roller (2031) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (101), and a spiral driven roller (2032) meshing above the spiral active roller (2031).

5. The flax stalk crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second stem crushing mechanism (204) includes a second spiral active roller (2041) and a third spiral active roller (2043) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (101). The spiral active rollers (2041) and (2043) have opposite thread patterns on their surfaces, and a second spiral driven roller (2042) and a third spiral driven roller (2044) are respectively meshed above the second spiral active roller (2041) and the third spiral driven roller (2043).

6. The flax stalk crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material guiding mechanism three (205) includes a linear active roller four (2051) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (101), and a linear driven roller three (2052) meshing above the linear active roller four (2051).

7. The flax stalk crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material distribution mechanism (302) includes a multi-component material distribution roller 1 (3021) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (101), and a material distribution roller 2 (3022) disposed below the material guiding mechanism 1 (201).

8. The flax stalk crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism (303) includes a fixing frame (3031) fixedly connected to both sides of the housing (101). A slider (3032) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame (3031). One side of the slider (3032) is rotatably connected to one end of the distributing roller (3022). A locking screw (3033) is rotatably connected to one side of the slider (3032). The surface of the locking screw (3033) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame (3031).

9. The flax stalk crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism 1 (401) includes multiple sets of motors (4011) fixedly connected to one side of the housing (101). The motors (4011) are fixedly connected to the drive gears (4012) via the output shaft. The drive gears (4012) are meshed with the driven gears (4013) on the radial side. The driven gears (4013) are fixedly connected to one end of the linear drive roller 1 (2011), linear drive roller 2 (2012), linear drive roller 3 (2021), spiral drive roller 1 (2031), spiral drive roller 2 (2041), spiral drive roller 3 (2043), and linear drive roller 4 (2051) on the axial side.

10. A flax stalk crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second driving mechanism (402) includes multiple sets of electric telescopic rods (4021) fixedly connected to the top of the housing (101). The telescopic ends of the electric telescopic rods (4021) are fixedly connected to sliders (4022). The surface of sliders (4022) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing (101). The inner wall of sliders (4022) is fixedly connected to a bearing seat (4023). The inner wall of the bearing seat (4023) is rotatably connected to one end of linear driven roller 1 (2013), linear driven roller 2 (2022), spiral driven roller 1 (2032), spiral driven roller 2 (2042), spiral driven roller 3 (2044), and linear driven roller 3 (2052).

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