Battery box

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery box which comprises a box body, a battery mounting groove is formed in the box body and used for mounting a plurality of batteries, and conductive elastic pieces are arranged on the two sides of the battery mounting groove so that the batteries can be connected in series to supply power. A control switch, a control circuit board and a power connection socket are arranged in the box body, the control circuit board comprises a single chip microcomputer, an AD sampling module is arranged in the single chip microcomputer and used for collecting the voltage of the battery pack in real time, and a turn-off signal is output when the voltage is lower than 3.6 V; 3.6 V accurate threshold detection is realized through the single chip microcomputer, power supply is automatically cut off, over discharge and liquid leakage of the battery are effectively avoided, and the service life of the battery is prolonged; rechargeable management: the battery is supported to be independently taken out for charging, and power supply is automatically recovered after charging, so that the use cost is reduced, and the portability and the economical efficiency are improved; and multiple safety protection: integrating overcurrent protection (resettable fuse), low-voltage protection (triode electronic switch) and anti-reverse protection (diode), thereby comprehensively improving the safety and stability of the circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of battery box technology, and specifically relates to a battery box for a wind turbine. Background Technology

[0002] The battery box involved in this invention is mainly used in power supply scenarios for wind turbine equipment. Wind turbines often require portable battery boxes to provide stable power support in daily use. However, existing battery boxes adapted to wind turbines have many technical defects and cannot meet the actual use requirements.

[0003] Traditional wind turbine battery boxes have a simple structural design, mostly only having basic battery storage and conductivity functions, without a dedicated voltage detection and protection mechanism. Over-discharge problems are prone to occur during battery discharge. When the battery voltage is too low, it continues to supply power to the wind turbine load, which can easily lead to battery leakage and bulging. This not only significantly shortens the battery life, but may also cause corrosion of the internal structure of the battery box and the wind turbine connection circuit due to leakage, resulting in equipment damage.

[0004] Although some simple battery boxes attempt to add basic protection components, the protection methods are limited, and they can only achieve simple on / off control. They lack multiple protection designs such as overcurrent protection and reverse current protection. When the fan equipment experiences short circuits, instantaneous high current conditions, or when the external circuit is reversed, it can easily cause safety hazards such as burnt-out of the internal circuit of the battery box and overheating of the battery. Their compatibility and safety are poor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention primarily addresses the technical problem of the lack of battery voltage management in battery boxes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a battery box, comprising a box body, wherein a battery mounting slot is provided in the box body for mounting multiple batteries, and conductive spring contacts are provided on both sides of the battery mounting slot to realize series power supply of the batteries; The box contains a control switch, a control circuit board, and a power connector. The control circuit board includes a microcontroller with a built-in AD sampling module that collects the battery pack voltage in real time and outputs a shutdown signal when the voltage is below 3.6V. Transistor: As an electronic switch, it receives control signals from the microcontroller and controls the on / off state of the power supply circuit; Capacitors: Connected in parallel to the power supply circuit, used for filtering and voltage regulation, suppressing voltage fluctuations and interference; The first resistor is connected in series with the microcontroller's AD sampling port and is used for voltage division and current limiting. The second resistor is connected in series with the base of the transistor to limit the base current and protect the transistor. In practical implementation, the battery mounting slot has 4 batteries, each with a corresponding positive and negative conductive spring, which are connected in series to form a battery pack with a total voltage of 6V. The positive conductive spring group collects the total positive terminal of the battery pack and connects to the control switch via a wire, while the negative conductive spring group collects the total negative terminal of the battery pack and connects to the control circuit board (B-) via a wire. The control switch connects to the positive conductive spring, the control circuit board (B+), and the power socket via wires to achieve manual start and stop control. The control circuit board (0-) is connected to the power socket via a wire and integrates the core control circuit. The power socket is located on the side of the battery box and is used to connect to the fan equipment to output the power supply voltage.

[0007] The present invention has the following main advantages: It achieves precise 3.6V threshold detection through a microcontroller, automatically cutting off power supply, effectively preventing battery over-discharge and leakage, and extending battery life; it supports rechargeable management: allowing the battery to be removed for charging separately, with automatic power restoration after charging, reducing usage costs and improving portability and economy; it features multiple safety protections: integrating overcurrent protection (self-resetting fuse), undervoltage protection (transistor electronic switch), and reverse protection (diode), comprehensively improving circuit safety and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box body of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the control circuit board of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0009] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a battery box includes a box body 10, in which a battery mounting slot 11 is provided. The battery mounting slot 11 is used to install multiple batteries. Conductive springs are provided on both sides of the battery mounting slot 11 to realize series power supply of batteries. The box 10 contains a control switch 12, a control circuit board 13, and a power connector 14. The control circuit board 13 includes a microcontroller U1 with a built-in AD sampling module that collects the battery pack voltage in real time and outputs a shutdown signal when the voltage is below 3.6V. Transistor Q1: As an electronic switch, it receives control signals from the microcontroller U1 and controls the on / off state of the power supply circuit; Capacitor C1: Connected in parallel to the power supply circuit for filtering and voltage regulation, suppressing voltage fluctuations and interference; The first resistor R1 is connected in series with the microcontroller's AD sampling port and is used for voltage division and current limiting. The second resistor R2 is connected in series with the base of transistor Q1 to limit the base current and protect the transistor. In practical implementation, the battery mounting slot has 4 batteries, each corresponding to a positive conductive spring 15 and a negative conductive spring 16, which are connected in series to form a battery pack with a total voltage of 6V. The positive conductive spring 15 group collects the total positive terminal of the battery pack and is connected to the control switch 12 via a wire. The negative conductive spring 16 group collects the total negative terminal of the battery pack and is connected to the control circuit board 13 (B-) via a wire. The control switch 12 is connected to the positive conductive spring 15, the control circuit board 13 (B+), and the power socket 14 via wires to realize manual start and stop control. The control circuit board 13 (0-) is connected to the power socket 14 via a wire and integrates the core control circuit. The power socket 14 is located on the side of the battery box and is used to connect with the fan equipment to output the power supply voltage.

[0010] The positive terminal of the battery pack is electrically connected to the control circuit board 13 via control switch 12, providing power to the microcontroller U1 and transistor Q1. The AD sampling port of microcontroller U1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack via the first resistor R1 to achieve voltage acquisition. The control output terminal of microcontroller U1 is connected to the base of transistor Q1 via the second resistor R2 to drive the transistor to switch on and off. The collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the negative terminal of the power connector, and the emitter is connected to the negative terminal (B-) of the battery pack, forming a power supply output circuit. Capacitor C1 is used for filtering and voltage regulation.

[0011] In normal power supply mode, the conductive spring contacts reliably contact the battery electrodes to form a 6V series battery pack. When the control switch is closed, the positive terminal of the battery pack supplies power to the control circuit board 13 via the control switch 12. The microcontroller U1 collects the battery pack voltage through the AD sampling port via the first resistor R1. When the voltage is ≥3.6V, it outputs a high-level control signal. The high-level signal drives the base of transistor Q1 after being current-limited by the second resistor R2, causing Q1 to saturate and conduct. The negative terminal of the battery pack supplies power to the fan load through the conductive spring contacts, transistor Q1, and the power connector, and the equipment works normally.

[0012] In low-voltage protection mode, the microcontroller U1 continuously monitors the battery pack voltage. When the voltage drops below 3.6V, it determines that the battery power is too low. The microcontroller U1 outputs a low-level control signal, causing the base of transistor Q1 to lose its driving voltage and switch from conducting to cutoff. The power supply circuit between the battery pack and the fan load is cut off, stopping power supply and preventing battery over-discharge and leakage. In the low-voltage state, the microcontroller U1 maintains low-power sampling until the battery voltage recovers to above 3.6V or a new battery is replaced. When the battery voltage is below 3.6V, the user can remove the battery from the battery mounting slot and charge it independently using a dedicated charger. After the battery is charged to its rated voltage (e.g., 6V), it can be reinserted into the battery mounting slot, restoring the electrical connection of the conductive spring. When the control switch is closed, the microcontroller U1 detects that the battery voltage is ≥3.6V and outputs a high-level signal to drive transistor Q1 to conduct, restoring power supply to the fan.

[0013] A self-resetting fuse 17 is provided between the positive conductive spring 15 and the control switch 12 for overcurrent protection. The self-resetting fuse 17 is installed inside the battery box 10 and connected in series with the positive power supply circuit. When the circuit current exceeds the threshold, it will automatically disconnect and automatically resume conduction after the fault is cleared.

[0014] A diode Q2 is provided between the negative conductive spring 16 and the control circuit board 13. The diode Q2 is installed inside the battery box 10 and connected in series in the negative circuit. It only allows current to flow from the battery pack to the load. The diode Q2 is reverse cut off to prevent reverse current and protect the battery and the circuit.

[0015] In summary, this battery box provides precise low-voltage protection: it uses a microcontroller to detect a precise 3.6V threshold and automatically cuts off power, effectively preventing battery over-discharge and leakage, and extending battery life. Rechargeable management: Supports individual battery removal for charging, and automatically restores power supply after charging, reducing usage costs and improving portability and economy; Multiple safety protections: Integrated overcurrent protection (self-resetting fuse), undervoltage protection (transistor electronic switch), and reverse protection (diode) comprehensively improve circuit safety and stability.

Claims

1. A battery box, characterized in that, Includes a housing, which has a battery mounting slot for mounting multiple batteries, and conductive spring contacts on both sides of the battery mounting slot. The box contains a control switch, a control circuit board, and a power connector. The control circuit board includes: a microcontroller with a built-in AD sampling module; a transistor acting as an electronic switch to receive control signals from the microcontroller; a capacitor connected in parallel to the power supply circuit for filtering and voltage regulation; a first resistor connected in series to the microcontroller's AD sampling port; and a second resistor connected in series to the base of the transistor. The positive conductive spring is connected to the control switch via a wire, and the negative conductive spring is connected to the control circuit board via a wire. The control switch is connected to the control circuit board and the power socket via wires. The control circuit board is connected to the negative conductive spring, the control switch, and the power socket via wires. The power socket is located on the side of the battery box.

2. The battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that, A self-resetting fuse is installed between the positive conductive spring and the control switch.

3. The battery box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The resettable fuse is installed inside the battery box and connected in series with the positive power supply circuit.

4. The battery box according to claim 3, characterized in that, A diode is installed between the negative conductive spring and the control circuit board.

5. The battery box according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diode is installed inside the battery box and connected in series in the negative terminal circuit.

6. The battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery mounting slot has four 1.5V batteries.

7. The battery box according to claim 6, characterized in that, When connected in series, they form a battery pack with a total voltage of 6V.

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