Antenna structure and electronic equipment
By adjusting the second radiator in a suspended configuration and the current distribution, the problem of inaccurate SAR adjustment in the radiating branches of the satellite antenna was solved, improving radiation efficiency and signal coverage, reducing crosstalk, and enhancing the user experience.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the radiating stubs of satellite antennas have ground return ribs, which prevents the radiating stubs from achieving precise SAR adjustment.
The second radiator, which is suspended, covers the target frequency band through its half-wave mode. It forms a gap with the first and third radiators. The current distribution is adjusted by using impedance elements and perturbation stubs to achieve precise SAR modulation and signal coverage.
It improves radiation efficiency, achieves precise SAR modulation and signal coverage, reduces crosstalk between signals, and enhances user experience.
Smart Images
Figure CN121726730A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of terminal technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, with the increasing popularity of outdoor sports, activities such as mountaineering and camping have become popular choices for people's travel and leisure.
[0003] Satellite antennas have been deployed in some related technologies. However, in the antenna layout scheme, the radiating branches all have ground return ribs, which makes it impossible for the radiating branches to achieve precise SAR tuning as SAR antennas. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This disclosure provides an antenna structure and electronic device to address the shortcomings of related technologies.
[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an antenna structure is provided, comprising:
[0006] First radiator;
[0007] A second radiator, the half-wave mode of which covers the target frequency band;
[0008] A third radiator, the second radiator being located between the first radiator and the third radiator, the second radiator cooperating with the first radiator to form a first fracture, and the second radiator cooperating with the third radiator to form a second fracture;
[0009] The metal floor has a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator all disposed on the outside of the metal floor. The first radiator and the metal floor form a single-piece first clearance. The first gap and the second gap are respectively connected to the single-piece clearance.
[0010] Optionally, a second clearance is formed between the first radiator and the metal floor, and the first clearance and the second clearance are different regions of the same clearance; the antenna structure further includes:
[0011] A first SAR sensor, which is electrically connected to the first radiator;
[0012] The second SAR sensor is electrically connected to the second radiator.
[0013] Optionally, the first radiator covers the BeiDou receiving frequency band, the second radiator also covers the TianTong transceiver frequency band, and the third radiator covers the Wi-Fi frequency band.
[0014] Optionally, when the first radiator switches to the BeiDou receiving frequency band, the second radiator acts as a parasitic branch of the first radiator.
[0015] When the second radiator switches to the BeiDou transmission frequency band, the first radiator becomes a parasitic branch of the second radiator.
[0016] Optionally, the first radiator also covers at least one medium-to-high frequency band;
[0017] It also includes a first capacitor, one end of which is electrically connected to the second radiator, and the other end is grounded.
[0018] Optionally, the target frequency band includes the L1 band and the BeiDou transmission frequency band.
[0019] Optional, also includes:
[0020] The perturbation stub is connected to the end of the first radiator away from the second radiator. The first radiator and the second radiator extend in the same direction. The perturbation stub is bent at nearly 90° relative to the first radiator. The resonant frequency of the perturbation stub is located near the frequency of the BeiDou receiving band.
[0021] It also includes an impedance element, one end of which is grounded and the other end is electrically connected to the perturbation stub, and the electrical connection between the impedance element and the perturbation stub is far away from the first radiator.
[0022] Optionally, it also includes a tuning element, one end of which is electrically connected to the end of the perturbation stub that is connected to the first radiator, and the other end is grounded.
[0023] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, including an antenna structure as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the second radiator is located in the top central region of the electronic device.
[0024] Optionally, the third radiator includes a first branch and a second branch, which are connected by a grounding rib. The first branch is located at the top of the electronic device, and the second branch is located at the side of the electronic device.
[0025] The electronic device also includes a camera decorative piece, at least a portion of which is disposed within the opening area enclosed by the first branch and the second branch.
[0026] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:
[0027] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the second radiator in this disclosure, which is suspended, covers the target frequency band through the half-wave mode of the second radiator. The high radiation performance and balanced current distribution of the half-wave mode are beneficial to improving radiation efficiency. Moreover, the second radiator, which is suspended, is beneficial to achieving accurate SAR reduction.
[0028] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description
[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0031] Figure 2 This is a current distribution diagram of a second radiator in fundamental mode resonance according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0032] Figure 3 Based on Figure 2 Efficiency curves of the fundamental mode resonant radiation of the second radiator in the L1 band and the BeiDou transmission band signal.
[0033] Figure 4 Based on Figure 3 The circular polarization pattern of the second radiator radiating the BeiDou transmitting frequency band.
[0034] Figure 5 Based on Figure 3 The circular polarization pattern of the first radiator in the BeiDou receiving frequency band.
[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0036] Figure 7 Based on Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the current distribution in the perturbation stubs and the first radiator.
[0037] Figure 8 Based on Figure 6 The circular polarization pattern of the antenna structure radiating signals in the BeiDou receiving frequency band.
[0038] Figure 9 The efficiency curves of the BeiDou receiving frequency band with and without minor perturbations are shown.
[0039] Figure 10This is a Smith chart of a perturbation stub illustrated according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0040] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.
[0041] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0042] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."
[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure includes a first radiator 1, a second radiator 2, a third radiator 3, and a metal ground plane 4. The second radiator 2 is positioned between the first radiator 1 and the third radiator 3, and the second radiator 2 cooperates with the first radiator 1 to form a first gap, and the second radiator 2 cooperates with the third radiator 3 to form a second gap. The first radiator 1, the second radiator 2, and the third radiator 3 are all located outside the metal ground plane 4, and a continuous first clearance is formed between the second radiator 2 and the metal ground plane 4. That is, there are no grounding ribs connecting the second radiator 2 to the metal ground plane 4 within this continuous first clearance area. The absence of grounding ribs divides the clearance into several parts, thereby achieving the levitational arrangement of the second radiator 2. In other words, there are no metal components in contact with the second radiator 2. The first clearance is connected to both the first and second gaps.
[0044] Based on this suspended second radiator 2, the target frequency band can be covered by the half-wave mode of the second radiator 2. For example, since the frequency of the L1 band is similar to the frequency of the BeiDou transmission band, the L1 band and the BeiDou transmission band can be covered by the half-wave mode of the second radiator 2. Covering the target resonance by using the half-wave mode, utilizing the higher radiation performance and balanced current distribution of the half-wave mode, is beneficial to improving radiation efficiency. For example, Figure 2 The diagram shows the current distribution in the half-wavelength resonant mode of the second radiator 2. Based on this, a half-wavelength resonant mode is used to cover both the L1 band and the BeiDou transmission band, ensuring the transmission performance of both bands.
[0045] See Figure 3 ,Should Figure 3 The red curve shows the radiation efficiency curve of the L1 band, and the green curve shows the radiation efficiency of the BeiDou transmission band. (See also...) Figure 3 The blue box in the diagram illustrates that in both the L1 band and the BeiDou transmission band, the radiation efficiency of the second radiator 2 reaches above -6dB, ensuring good radiation efficiency. Furthermore, by centrally positioning the second radiator 2 relative to the first radiator 1 and the third radiator 3, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, this facilitates more centered and outward-facing transmission patterns in the BeiDou radio band. (See [reference]) Figure 4 The area between the blue diagonal lines is the main radiation direction of the BeiDou transmission frequency band, which is oriented towards the zenith, making it easier for users to align with the satellite in a normal grip position.
[0046] Still with Figure 1 As shown, a second clearance is formed between the first radiator 1 and the metal floor 4. This second clearance and the first clearance are different areas of the same clearance, meaning that the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 form a single, continuous clearance with the metal floor 4, thus allowing both the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 to be suspended. The antenna structure also includes a first SAR sensor 5 and a second SAR sensor 6. The first SAR sensor 5 is electrically connected to the first radiator 1, and the second SAR sensor 6 is electrically connected to the second radiator 2. This allows SAR detection of the top area via the first SAR sensor 5, while the second radiator 2... Figure 1 When the structure is bent, the second SAR sensor 6 can realize SAR detection in the top and side regions. Of course, when the second radiator 2 is a strip structure, it can also realize SAR detection in the top region. Compared with the related technology, which has no suspended radiator and simply reduces SAR based on the input power, the input power can be adjusted according to the detected SAR value to achieve precise SAR adjustment.
[0047] The first radiator 1 can cover the BeiDou receiving frequency band, the second radiator 2 can cover the TianTong transceiver frequency band, and the third radiator 3 covers the Wi-Fi frequency band. This separates the Wi-Fi and satellite signals onto different radiators, improving the efficiency of the satellite signal. Furthermore, other cellular frequency band signals can be covered on the first radiator 1. Since cellular and satellite signals typically do not need to operate simultaneously, crosstalk between the two suspended components, the first and second radiators 1 and 2, can be avoided. The first radiator 1 can also be tuned via a connecting switch assembly, and similarly, the second radiator 2 can also be tuned via a connecting switch assembly.
[0048] When the first radiator 1 switches to the BeiDou receiving frequency band, the second radiator 2 can be tuned as a parasitic branch of the first radiator 1. When the second radiator 2 switches to the BeiDou transmitting frequency band, the first radiator 1 can be tuned as a parasitic branch of the second radiator 2. This enables mutual utilization between the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2, reduces the design difficulty of the tuning circuits for the first radiator 1 and the second radiator, and is conducive to achieving coverage of their respective frequency bands.
[0049] In the above embodiments, the first radiator also covers at least one mid-to-high frequency band. In order to realize the AGPS function of the electronic device to which the antenna structure belongs and improve the positioning accuracy and positioning efficiency, when using AGPS positioning, the first radiator 1 can radiate mid-to-high frequency band signals, and the second radiator 2 can radiate L1 frequency band signals. Of course, in order to avoid crosstalk between the two signals and improve the isolation, the antenna structure also includes a first capacitor 7. One end of the first capacitor 7 is electrically connected to the second radiator, and the other end is grounded. The capacitance value of the first capacitor 7 is greater than or equal to 3pF and less than or equal to 7pF. By setting the first capacitor 7, the crosstalk between the mid-to-high frequency band signals radiated by the first radiator 1 and the L1 frequency band signals radiated by the second radiator 2 is reduced.
[0050] In the above embodiments, when by Figure 1 When the first radiator 1 on the right side of the center radiates the BeiDou receiving frequency band, because the first radiator 1 is positioned relatively to the right, therefore... Figure 6 As shown, the right-hand circular polarization pattern of the BeiDou receiving frequency band is relatively more to the left, compared to... Figure 5 The overlapping region of the left-hand circular polarization pattern in the BeiDou transmitter band is relatively small, which affects performance. For example... Figure 7As shown, the antenna structure also includes a perturbation stub 8, which is connected to the end of the first radiator 1 away from the second radiator 2. The first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 extend in the same direction, and the perturbation stub 8 is bent at approximately 90° relative to the first radiator 1. The resonant frequency of the perturbation stub 8 is located near the frequency of the BeiDou receiving band. Furthermore, the antenna structure also includes an impedance element 10, one end of which is grounded and the other end is electrically connected to the perturbation stub 8. The electrical connection between the impedance element 10 and the perturbation stub 8 is located away from the first radiator 1. Figure 8 As shown, by setting the perturbation stub 8 and impedance element 10, the current distribution can be changed, guiding the current to the perturbation stub located on the side, increasing the longitudinal component current, thereby pulling the right-hand circular polarization pattern of the BeiDou receiving frequency band to the right, increasing the interaction with... Figure 5 The overlapping area of the left-hand circular polarization pattern of the BeiDou transmission frequency band reduces the difficulty of satellite alignment.
[0051] like Figure 9 As shown, the orange curve represents the Tot efficiency curve of the antenna structure radiating BeiDou receiving band signals without the perturbation stub 8; the green curve represents the Rad efficiency curve of the antenna structure radiating BeiDou receiving band signals without the perturbation stub 8; the blue curve represents the Tot efficiency curve of the antenna structure radiating BeiDou receiving band signals with the perturbation stub 8; and the red curve represents the Rad efficiency curve of the antenna structure radiating BeiDou receiving band signals with the perturbation stub 8. According to... Figure 9 At the first and second marker points near 2.5 GHz, after setting up the micro-disturbance stub 8, both the Tot efficiency and Rad efficiency of the antenna structure decreased, resulting in a small efficiency dip. However, as... Figure 10 As shown, adjusting the right-hand circular polarization pattern of the BeiDou receiving frequency band to center the radiation increases its correlation with... Figure 5 The overlapping area of the left-hand circular polarization pattern of the BeiDou transmitting frequency band is beneficial for adjusting the satellite alignment angle. In other words, a small sacrifice in efficiency can be made to achieve centered radiation in the BeiDou receiving frequency band, thereby reducing the difficulty of satellite alignment and improving the user experience.
[0052] Still with Figure 8 As shown, the antenna structure also includes a tuning element 9, which is electrically connected to one end of the perturbation stub 8 connected to the first radiator 1, and the other end is grounded, as shown. Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 The original Smith chart of perturbation stub 8 is shown. The frequency of perturbation stub 8 can be pulled up to 2.95GHz by the function of tuning element 9, which is basically near the frequency of Beidou receiving band. Further tuning can be performed by other tuning elements to further adjust the resonant frequency of perturbation stub 8.
[0053] Based on the technical solution of this disclosure, an electronic device is also provided, which includes the antenna structure described in any of the above embodiments, and the second radiator is located in the top middle region of the electronic device, thereby reducing the difficulty of satellite alignment when the second radiator 2 radiates satellite frequency band signals.
[0054] Furthermore, the third radiator 3 includes a first branch 31 and a second branch 32, which are connected by a grounding rib. The first branch 31 is located on the top of the electronic device, and the second branch 32 is located on the side of the electronic device. The electronic device also includes a camera decorative piece, at least a portion of which is disposed in the opening area enclosed by the first branch and the second branch. Thus, by means of the relative positional relationship, it can be determined that the first radiator 1 is relatively far away from the camera decorative piece, that is, it can be far away from the camera module of the electronic device, thereby reducing the impact of the camera module on the BeiDou receiving frequency band.
[0055] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.
[0056] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims
1. An antenna structure, characterized by The antenna structure comprises: a first radiator; a second radiator, the second radiator covering a target frequency band; a third radiator, the second radiator being located between the first radiator and the third radiator, the second radiator cooperating with the first radiator to form a first discontinuity, and the second radiator cooperating with the third radiator to form a second discontinuity; a metal floor, the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator being arranged outside the metal floor, the first radiator and the metal floor forming a first whole-piece clearance, and the first discontinuity and the second discontinuity being respectively communicated with the whole-piece clearance.
2. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The first radiator and the metal floor form a second clearance, the first clearance and the second clearance being different regions of the same piece of clearance; the antenna structure further comprises: a first SAR sensor, the first SAR sensor being electrically connected with the first radiator; a second SAR sensor, the second SAR sensor being electrically connected with the second radiator.
3. The antenna structure of claim 2, wherein, The first radiator covers a Beidou receiving frequency band, the second radiator further covers a Tiantong receiving and transmitting frequency band, and the third radiator covers a Wifi frequency band.
4. The antenna structure of claim 3, wherein, When the first radiator switches to a state of radiating the Beidou receiving frequency band, the second radiator serves as a parasitic branch of the first radiator; When the second radiator switches to radiate the Beidou transmitting frequency band, the first radiator serves as a parasitic branch of the second radiator.
5. The antenna structure of claim 3, wherein, The first radiator further covers at least one medium-high frequency band; Further comprising a first capacitor, one end of the first capacitor being electrically connected with the second radiator, and the other end being grounded.
6. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The target frequency band comprises an L1 frequency band and a Beidou transmitting frequency band.
7. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: a perturbation branch, the perturbation branch being connected with an end of the first radiator away from the second radiator, the first radiator and the second radiator having the same extension direction, the perturbation branch being bent by nearly 90° relative to the first radiator, and the resonant frequency of the perturbation branch being located near the frequency of the Beidou receiving frequency band; Further comprising an impedance element, one end of the impedance element being grounded, the other end being electrically connected with the perturbation branch, and the electrically connected position of the impedance element and the perturbation branch being away from the first radiator.
8. The antenna structure of claim 7, wherein, Further comprising a tuning element, one end of the tuning element being electrically connected with one end of the perturbation branch connected with the first radiator, and the other end being grounded.
9. An electronic device, comprising: The antenna structure comprises the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-8, and the second radiator is located in the middle region of the top of the electronic device.
10. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein, The third radiator comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch and the second branch being connected through a back ground wire, the first branch being located at the top of the electronic device, and the second branch being located at the side of the electronic device; The electronic device further comprises a camera decoration sheet, at least a part of the camera decoration sheet being arranged in an opening region surrounded by the first branch and the second branch.