Remote control circuit and remote controller

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a remote control circuit and a remote controller. The circuit comprises a single-chip microcomputer minimum system, a battery charging module, a battery module, a voltage reduction module and a wireless communication module. The battery charging module is used for charging the battery module; the battery module reduces the battery voltage to a target voltage through the voltage reduction module to supply power to the minimum system of the single chip microcomputer; the single-chip microcomputer minimum system realizes remote control of the photovoltaic tracking support through the wireless communication module. The battery module and the voltage reduction module are used for supplying power to the remote control circuit, the wireless communication module is used for remotely controlling the photovoltaic tracking support to act, and when the battery module is short of power, the battery charging module is used for charging the battery module; the technical problems that in the prior art, when an upper computer is used for conducting remote control on a photovoltaic tracking support, operation steps are tedious, outdoor electricity utilization is inconvenient, and remote control is affected are solved, and the technical effects that carrying is convenient, operation is easy, and the field operation and maintenance efficiency is improved are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of remote control technology, and more particularly to a remote control circuit and a remote controller. Background Technology

[0002] In terms of remote control of photovoltaic tracking brackets, the industry's common method is wireless control. This solution connects the wireless module to the computer's USB interface and then remotely controls it through a host computer.

[0003] However, the operation steps of the solution using a host computer for remote control are cumbersome. When outdoors, it relies on a computer for remote control, and if the computer runs out of power, it cannot be remotely controlled. Moreover, it is inconvenient to carry around when debugging outdoors for a long time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a remote control circuit and a remote controller, which solves the technical problems of cumbersome operation steps and inconvenient outdoor power supply affecting remote control when using a host computer to remotely control a photovoltaic tracking bracket.

[0005] This invention provides a remote control circuit for the remote control of photovoltaic tracking brackets;

[0006] The remote control circuit includes: a microcontroller minimum system, a battery charging module, a battery module, a step-down module, and a wireless communication module;

[0007] The battery charging module, the battery module, and the step-down module are connected in sequence; the step-down module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system; the wireless communication module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system.

[0008] The battery charging module is used to charge the battery module;

[0009] The battery module uses the step-down module to reduce the battery voltage to the target voltage to power the microcontroller minimum system.

[0010] The microcontroller minimum system enables remote control of the photovoltaic tracking bracket through the wireless communication module.

[0011] Furthermore, in the buck module, the anode of the anti-reverse diode (D3) is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery module, the cathode of the anti-reverse diode (D3) is electrically connected to the source of the first switching transistor (D5), the drain of the first switching transistor (D5) is electrically connected to the enable terminal (RUN) of the buck chip (U4), and an eleventh resistor (R11) is connected between the source and gate of the first switching transistor (D5).

[0012] The base of the first transistor (Q1) is electrically connected to the minimum system of the microcontroller via the thirteenth resistor (R13), the emitter of the first transistor (Q1) is grounded, and the collector of the first transistor (Q1) is electrically connected to the source of the first switching transistor (D5) via the twelfth resistor (R12).

[0013] The first anode of the freewheeling diode (D4) is electrically connected to the collector of the first transistor (Q1). The second anode of the freewheeling diode (D4) is electrically connected to the +3V power supply through the fourteenth resistor (R14). The second anode of the freewheeling diode (D4) is grounded through the tenth capacitor (C10). The cathode of the freewheeling diode (D4) is electrically connected to the third terminal (3) and the fourth terminal (4) of the button (SW1). The first terminal (1) and the second terminal (2) of the button (SW1) are grounded.

[0014] The ground terminal (GND) of the buck converter chip (U4) is grounded. The enable terminal (RUN) of the buck converter chip (U4) is electrically connected to the first power supply (VCC1). The enable terminal (RUN) and the power input terminal (VIN) of the buck converter chip (U4) are both grounded through the eleventh capacitor (C11). The switch pin (SW) of the buck converter chip (U4) is electrically connected to the +3V power supply through the first inductor (L1). The feedback terminal (FB) of the buck converter chip (U4) is electrically connected to the +3V power supply through the fifteenth resistor (R15). The feedback terminal (FB) of the buck converter chip (U4) is grounded through the sixteenth resistor (R16). The twelfth capacitor (C12), the thirteenth capacitor (C13), and the fourteenth capacitor (C14) are connected in parallel across the fifteenth resistor (R15) and the sixteenth resistor (R16).

[0015] Furthermore, the battery charging module is electrically connected to the battery module via a battery interface (CN1);

[0016] The temperature detection terminal (TEMP) and ground terminal (GND) of the charging management chip (U3) are both grounded. The current monitoring terminal (PROG) of the charging management chip (U3) is grounded through the ninth resistor (R9). The power supply terminal (VCC) of the charging management chip (U3) is electrically connected to the second power supply (VCC_IN) through the tenth resistor (R10). The power supply terminal (VCC) of the charging management chip (U3) is grounded through the ninth capacitor (C9).

[0017] The battery positive terminal (BAT) of the charging management chip (U3) is grounded through the eighth capacitor (C8). The first indicator output terminal (STDBY) of the charging management chip (U3) is electrically connected to the end of the tenth resistor (R10) away from the second power supply (VCC_IN) through the eighth resistor (R8). The second indicator output terminal (CHRG) of the charging management chip (U3) is electrically connected to the end of the tenth resistor (R10) away from the second power supply (VCC_IN) through the seventh resistor (R7). The enable terminal (CE) of the charging management chip (U3) is electrically connected to the end of the tenth resistor (R10) away from the second power supply (VCC_IN).

[0018] Furthermore, the wireless communication module includes a LoRa chip.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a USB to serial port module, used to realize signal conversion between the USB interface and the serial port;

[0020] The USB to serial port module is connected to the microcontroller minimum system and the end of the battery charging module furthest from the battery module, respectively.

[0021] The USB to serial port module includes a charging interface, which is disposed on the housing of the remote control circuit and electrically connected to the battery charging module. The charging interface is used to connect an external charging power source.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a button module; the button module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system;

[0023] The button module includes at least eight buttons, which are disposed on the housing of the remote control circuit.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a microcontroller peripheral circuit module; the microcontroller peripheral circuit module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system;

[0025] The microcontroller peripheral circuit module programs the microcontroller minimum system through a 4-pin header interface and filters the microcontroller minimum system through a bypass capacitor.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a storage module; the storage module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system; the storage module includes an EEPROM storage chip.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes a display module; the display module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system;

[0028] The display module is connected to an external OLED screen via a 4-pin header interface.

[0029] This invention also provides a remote controller for remote control of a photovoltaic tracking bracket, including the remote control circuit described in any of the above embodiments, and a housing; the remote control circuit is disposed within the housing.

[0030] This invention discloses a remote control circuit and a remote controller. The remote control circuit includes a microcontroller minimum system, a battery charging module, a battery module, a step-down module, and a wireless communication module. The battery charging module charges the battery module. The battery module uses the step-down module to reduce the battery voltage to a target voltage to power the microcontroller minimum system. The microcontroller minimum system uses the wireless communication module to remotely control the photovoltaic tracking bracket. This invention uses a battery module and a step-down module to power the remote control circuit and uses the wireless communication module to remotely control the photovoltaic tracking bracket. When the battery module is low on power, the battery charging module charges it. This solves the technical problems of cumbersome operation steps and inconvenient outdoor power supply affecting remote control when using a host computer to remotely control the photovoltaic tracking bracket in existing technologies. It achieves the technical effects of being portable, easy to operate, and improving on-site operation and maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a remote control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the minimum microcontroller system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the wireless communication module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the step-down module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the battery charging module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the USB-to-serial module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the button module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the microcontroller peripheral circuit module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10This is a circuit diagram of the display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to limit a specific order. The various embodiments of this invention described below can be performed individually or in combination with each other; the embodiments of this invention do not impose specific limitations in this regard.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a remote control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This remote control circuit is applied to the remote control of a photovoltaic tracking bracket.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the remote control circuit includes: a microcontroller minimum system 10, a battery charging module 20, a battery module 30, a step-down module 40, and a wireless communication module 50; the battery charging module 20, battery module 30, and step-down module 40 are connected in sequence; the step-down module 40 is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system 10; and the wireless communication module 50 is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system 10.

[0045] The battery charging module 20 is used to charge the battery module 30; the battery module 30 reduces the battery voltage to the target voltage through the step-down module 40 to power the microcontroller minimum system 10; the microcontroller minimum system 10 realizes remote control of the photovoltaic tracking bracket through the wireless communication module 50.

[0046] Specifically, Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the minimum microcontroller system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 2 The minimum system 10 of the microcontroller includes an STM32F030C8T6 microcontroller U1, a crystal oscillator X1, and a reset circuit. The microcontroller U1 is the core component for signal collection, communication, and processing in the entire remote control circuit. The crystal oscillator X1 provides a stable clock to ensure the normal operation of the microcontroller U1 and synchronization with peripherals. External load capacitors C1 and C2 are connected to the crystal oscillator X1, forming a resonant circuit together to create the oscillation conditions and provide the internal oscillation circuit for the microcontroller U1.

[0047] The reset circuit is powered on and reset by pull-up resistor R1. It is a key part to ensure reliable system startup and operation. Its function is to restore the microcontroller U1 to its initial state when powered on, under abnormal voltage, or under human intervention. Capacitor C3 is used as output filter. Pull-down resistor R2 controls the microcontroller U1 to enter the system boot mode through the pull-down resistor value. The system boot mode is suitable for most applications and enables the chip to execute user programs normally.

[0048] The minimum system 10 microcontroller integrates a high-performance ARM Cortex-M0 32-bit RISC core running at 48MHz, high-speed embedded memory, a wide range of enhanced peripherals, and I / O interfaces.

[0049] The microcontroller minimum system 10 internally provides a standard communication interface, a 12-bit ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter), seven general-purpose 16-bit timers, and an advanced control PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) timer. It can operate within a temperature range of -40℃ to +85℃. The standard communication interface includes up to two IIC (Inter-Integrated Circuit) buses, up to two SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) buses, and up to six USART (Universal Synchronous / Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter) devices. The power supply voltage is 2.4 to 3.6V. The communication method between the microcontroller minimum system 10 and the external circuit is SPI & IIC, with 39 GPIO (General Purpose Input / Output) ports, a 5-channel DMA (Direct Memory Access) controller, 64KB ROM and 8KB RAM. The external crystal oscillator of the MCU (Microcontroller Unit) is an 8MHz ceramic passive crystal oscillator, which is multiplied to 48MHz by the internal clock.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, the remote control switch where the remote control circuit is located has two forms: the first is hardware power-on, but this power-on method is "self-resetting" and is only used to provide a power supply voltage to the microcontroller when the remote control is initially working; the second is software power-on, which outputs a high-level signal after the hardware power-on and the microcontroller is working normally, thereby controlling the switching transistor in the step-down circuit to continue to conduct and supply power to the subsequent circuits, which is "self-locking" power-on.

[0051] This invention uses a battery module and a step-down module to power the remote control circuit and a wireless communication module to remotely control the photovoltaic tracking bracket. When the battery module is low on power, it is charged by a battery charging module. This solves the technical problems of cumbersome operation steps and inconvenient outdoor power supply affecting remote control when using a host computer to remotely control the photovoltaic tracking bracket in the prior art. It achieves the technical effects of being portable, easy to operate, and improving on-site operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the wireless communication module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the wireless communication module 50 consists of an RF chip U5 and multiple input resistors R17~R23. The function of the RF chip U5 is to communicate with the microcontroller U1 and send the instructions of the microcontroller U1 to the corresponding external photovoltaic tracking bracket to realize operation. It supports communication at a frequency of 410-525MHz and is the key to the remote control communication circuit.

[0054] Communication between the RF chip U5 and the microcontroller U1 uses SPI. Resistors R17~R23 are connected in series between the I / O port of the microcontroller U1 and the pins of the RF chip U5 to filter out interference caused by high-frequency signals. For example, as... Figure 3 As shown, the RF chip U5 can use the Ra-01SC module. Its RF chip SX1278 mainly adopts the Lora remote modem for ultra-long distance spread spectrum communication. It has strong anti-interference capabilities and can minimize current consumption.

[0055] This invention uses a battery module and a step-down module to power the remote control circuit and a wireless communication module to remotely control the photovoltaic tracking bracket. When the battery module is low on power, it is charged by a battery charging module. This solves the technical problems of cumbersome operation steps and inconvenient outdoor power supply affecting remote control when using a host computer to remotely control the photovoltaic tracking bracket in the prior art. It achieves the technical effects of being portable, easy to operate, and improving on-site operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0056] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the step-down module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, in the step-down module 40, the anode of the anti-reverse diode D3 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery module, the cathode of the anti-reverse diode D3 is electrically connected to the source of the first switching transistor D5, the drain of the first switching transistor D5 is electrically connected to the enable terminal RUN of the step-down chip U4, and an eleventh resistor R11 is connected between the source and the gate of the first switching transistor D5.

[0058] The base of the first transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the minimum system of the microcontroller via the thirteenth resistor R13, the emitter of the first transistor Q1 is grounded, and the collector of the first transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the source of the first switching transistor D5 via the twelfth resistor R12.

[0059] The first anode of the freewheeling diode D4 is electrically connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1. The second anode of the freewheeling diode D4 is electrically connected to the +3V power supply through the fourteenth resistor R14. The second anode of the freewheeling diode D4 is grounded through the tenth capacitor C10. The cathode of the freewheeling diode D4 is electrically connected to the third terminal 3 and the fourth terminal 4 of the button SW1. The first terminal 1 and the second terminal 2 of the button SW1 are grounded.

[0060] The ground terminal GND of the buck converter chip U4 is grounded. The enable terminal RUN of the buck converter chip U4 is electrically connected to the first power supply VCC1. The enable terminal RUN and the power input terminal VIN of the buck converter chip U4 are both grounded through the eleventh capacitor C11. The switch pin SW of the buck converter chip U4 is electrically connected to the +3V power supply through the first inductor L1. The feedback terminal FB of the buck converter chip U4 is electrically connected to the +3V power supply through the fifteenth resistor R15. The feedback terminal FB of the buck converter chip U4 is grounded through the sixteenth resistor R16. The twelfth capacitor C12, the thirteenth capacitor C13 and the fourteenth capacitor C14 are connected in parallel across the fifteenth resistor R15 and the sixteenth resistor R16.

[0061] Specifically, the step-down module 40 mainly consists of front-end switching transistors Q1 and D5, step-down chip U4, inductor L1, load capacitors C12~C14, feedback resistors R15~R16, anti-reverse diodes D3~D4, and push-button switch SW1. In the front-end circuit of step-down chip U4, the eleventh resistor R11 is connected in parallel between the gate and source of the first switching transistor D5, providing the conditions for the subsequent conduction of the first switching transistor D5 (forming a Vgs voltage drop). The first switching transistor D5 serves as the switching transistor of the step-down module, providing the on / off conditions for the operation of the step-down module. The twelfth resistor R12 and the thirteenth resistor R13 are both used as current-limiting resistors to limit current.

[0062] In this circuit, the first transistor Q1 and the first switching transistor D5 are combined to switch the step-down module controlled by the microcontroller U1, while the first switching transistor D5 and the button SW1 are combined to switch the step-down module controlled by the button. The difference between the two switch combinations is that the former is a self-locking switch, while the latter is a self-resetting switch.

[0063] The fourteenth resistor, R14, is a pull-up resistor. When button SW1 is not pressed, the IO pin of microcontroller U1 detects a high level. When button SW1 is pressed, i.e., when the buck module is working, microcontroller U1 detects a low level. The tenth capacitor, C10, is a filter capacitor for the voltage detected by the pin of microcontroller U1. The eleventh capacitor, C11, is a filter capacitor for the buck chip U4. The first inductor, L1, is an inductor in the buck module, which plays the role of energy storage, filtering, and smoothing the output current. The twelfth capacitor, C12, the thirteenth capacitor, C13, and the fourteenth capacitor, C14, are all load capacitors, providing instantaneous power to the back-end circuit.

[0064] The buck converter chip U4 primarily performs the voltage reduction function, lowering the battery voltage to 3V to power subsequent circuits. The output voltage of buck converter U4, after passing through voltage divider resistors R15 and R16, is sent to the feedback terminal FB. Adjusting the ratio of the resistors at the feedback terminal FB allows for different output voltages. Specifically, the voltage output satisfies the following formula:

[0065] Vout = Vref(1 + R15 / R16); where Vout is the output voltage and Vref is the internal reference voltage, which is usually 0.6V.

[0066] Specifically, when button SW1 is turned on, the current of battery module 30 flows sequentially through D3, R11, R12, D4, and SW1 to form a circuit. At this time, the voltage difference Vgs of D5 is greater than Vth, causing it to conduct. This allows the current of battery module 30 to flow through D5 and the step-down chip U4, completing the step-down to 3V to power the subsequent circuits. Simultaneously, the I / O pin of microcontroller U1 connected to signal point K6 can detect a low level. At this time, the PWR_EN pin of microcontroller U1 inputs a high level, turning on Q1 and indirectly controlling the conduction of Q5. Unlike the previous scenario, where the conduction was instantaneous and D5 turned off after button SW1 was released, resulting in no 3V output, the latter scenario involves microcontroller U1's I / O pin controlling Q1 to conduct. After Q1 conducts, D5 continues to conduct to power the downstream circuits until the next button SW1 turns off the power supply. Finally, the current (BAT+) of battery module 30 flows through D3, D5, and U4 in sequence to complete the voltage reduction. The step-down chip U4 reduces the voltage of battery module 30 to 3V to power the microcontroller.

[0067] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the battery charging module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Optionally, such as Figure 5As shown, in the battery charging module 20, it is electrically connected to the battery module 30 through the battery interface CN1; the temperature detection terminal TEMP and the ground terminal GND of the charging management chip U3 are both grounded; the current monitoring terminal PROG of the charging management chip U3 is grounded through the ninth resistor R9; the power supply terminal VCC of the charging management chip U3 is electrically connected to the second power supply VCC_IN through the tenth resistor R10; and the power supply terminal VCC of the charging management chip U3 is grounded through the ninth capacitor C9.

[0069] The battery positive terminal BAT of the charging management chip U3 is grounded through the eighth capacitor C8. The first indicator output terminal STDBY of the charging management chip U3 is electrically connected to the end of the eighth resistor R8 and the tenth resistor R10 away from the second power supply VCC_IN. The second indicator output terminal CHRG of the charging management chip U3 is electrically connected to the end of the seventh resistor R7 and the tenth resistor R10 away from the second power supply VCC_IN. The enable terminal CE of the charging management chip U3 is electrically connected to the end of the tenth resistor R10 away from the second power supply VCC_IN.

[0070] Specifically, the battery interface CN1 is used to connect an external battery module 30; the charging management chip U3 is a charging management chip for a single lithium battery, with reverse polarity protection. The power supply connected to the Type-C interface charges the lithium battery pack (i.e., battery module 30) through the charging management chip U3; after charging, pin 5, the battery positive terminal BAT, provides charging current to the battery module 30 and adjusts the final float charge voltage to 4.25V; pin 6, the first indicator output STDBY, represents the charging completion indicator, outputting a low level when charging is complete, otherwise this pin is in a high impedance state; pin 7, the second indicator output CHRG, represents the charging indicator, outputting a low level when charging the battery, otherwise this pin is in a high impedance state; pins 6 and 7 are connected to the I / O ports of the microcontroller U1, which allows the microcontroller U1 to determine the charging status of the battery module 30; the charging current can be changed by changing the ninth resistor R9 at the current monitoring terminal PROG of pin 2, and the charging current satisfies the following formula; .

[0071] The eighth capacitor C8 and the ninth capacitor C9 are both filter capacitors, and the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 are pull-up resistors. The tenth resistor R10 is a heat dissipation resistor, typically with a value of 0.3~0.6Ω, and is usually packaged in a 1206. The function of the heat dissipation resistor is to appropriately reduce the input voltage of 5V by passing it through the heat dissipation resistor, such as reducing it to 4.8V, before connecting it to the input power terminal of the linear charger. This can appropriately reduce the charger's own losses, reduce heat generation, and make the charging system more stable and reliable.

[0072] The charging management chip U3 can be a TC4056A, which has two charging modes: CC & CV (constant current & constant voltage). If the voltage of battery module 30 is lower than 3V, the charger pre-charges battery module 30 with a small current. When the voltage of battery module 30 exceeds 3V, the charger charges the battery in constant current mode, and the charging current is controlled by the resistor R between the current monitoring terminal PROG (pin 2) and ground GND. PROG (That is, the resistance value of the ninth resistor R9) is determined.

[0073] When the voltage of battery module 30 approaches 4.2V, the charging current gradually decreases, and the TC4056A enters constant voltage charging mode. The charging current is set by a resistor connected between the current monitoring terminal PROG and ground GND. The setting of the resistor and the charging current uses the formula... The resistance value is calculated to determine the required charging current. For example, when the battery module 30 has a capacity of 2000mAh, the resistance value is determined by changing R. PROG The resistance value changes the charging current. When the charging pack is 1.2K, the battery charging current is 1A, meaning that it only takes 2.5 hours to complete the charging.

[0074] For charging and charging completion indications, when battery module 30 is charging, the second indicator output terminal CHRG is pulled low by an internal switch, indicating that charging is in progress. When the charging current decreases to the charging end threshold, the charging cycle ends, the second indicator output terminal CHRG outputs a high impedance state, and the first indicator output terminal STDBY outputs a low potential. When using linear charging and the charging current is large, such as greater than 500mA, the charging current may be reduced due to temperature protection caused by poor heat dissipation. The charging cycle is terminated when the charging current drops to 1 / 10 of the set value after reaching the final float charge voltage. This condition is detected by using an internal filter comparator to monitor the current monitoring terminal PROG.

[0075] In this embodiment of the invention, the battery module 30 in the remote control circuit provides operating power to the remote control circuit. It is used in conjunction with the charging management chip U3 and the Type-C interface of the USB-to-serial module 60 to charge the battery module 30, allowing the battery module 30 to be reused and making it convenient to use. Furthermore, the charging management chip U3 has both constant current and constant voltage charging modes, preventing overcharging of the battery module 30 during charging and improving safety.

[0076] Optionally, the wireless communication module 50 includes a LoRa chip.

[0077] Specifically, the wireless communication module 50 is connected to the microcontroller minimum system 10 to achieve long-distance wireless communication. The LoRa chip uses the Ai-Thinker Ra-01SC module, whose RF chip SX1278 mainly employs a LoRa remote modem for ultra-long-distance spread spectrum communication (measured communication distance 1.5Km), exhibiting strong anti-interference capabilities and minimizing current consumption. Communication between this chip and the microcontroller minimum system 10 uses the SPI method.

[0078] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a USB to serial port module 60, which is used to realize signal conversion between the USB interface and the serial port; the USB to serial port module 60 is connected to the end of the microcontroller minimum system 10 and the battery charging module 20 away from the battery module 30.

[0079] The USB to serial port module 60 includes a Type-C charging interface, which is mounted on the housing 200 of the remote control circuit and electrically connected to the battery charging module 20. The Type-C charging interface is used for connecting an external charging power source.

[0080] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the USB to serial port module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0081] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, USB1 is a Type-C data interface and also a battery charging interface; adapter chip U2 is a USB bus adapter chip, model CH340N, used to implement USB to serial communication function. The microcontroller minimum system 10 can achieve USB communication by connecting to adapter chip U2 via a TTL serial port. The UD+ and UD- pins of adapter chip U2 are connected to TVS diodes for electrostatic discharge protection; UD+ and UD- are USB signal pins, directly connected to the USB bus. The sixth capacitor C6 and the seventh capacitor C7 are used as filter capacitors to filter out high-frequency noise.

[0082] In this embodiment of the invention, the USB-to-serial module 60 can realize the USB-to-serial port function, providing a full-duplex serial port. It can send and receive data from the remote control circuit via the Type-C data interface, facilitating later information interaction with a mobile application or a host computer application.

[0083] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a button module 70; the button module 70 is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system 10; the button module 70 includes at least 8 buttons SW1~SW8, and the at least 8 buttons are set on the housing 200 of the remote control circuit.

[0084] Specifically, Figure 7This is a circuit diagram of the button module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the circuit consists of pull-up resistors R24~R30, filter capacitors C15~C21 for filtering interference, and push-button switches SW1~SW8. The push-button function allows for setting remote control parameters and outputting functions to the outside world. When a button is not pressed, the pull-up resistor is high and the I / O pin of microcontroller U1 is high. When a button is pressed, the pull-up resistor is connected to ground through the button, causing the pin of microcontroller U1 to detect a low level; therefore, the button's low-level signal is valid.

[0085] The button module 70 consists of 8 buttons: power, mode, confirm, left button, right button, increment button, decrement button, and return. When the power button is closed, the remote control is turned on. At this time, press the mode button to set communication parameters and the target angle. Use the up, down, left, and right buttons to control the operation of the photovoltaic tracking bracket. Finally, press the power button again to turn off the remote control. The power buttons are SW1-SW8 (button SW1 is located in...). Figure 4 (As shown in the text), the IO pins of the microcontroller U1 are connected to... Figure 7 The button connection shown indicates that when a button is pressed, the corresponding pin of the microcontroller U1 detects a low level as an effective value, thus realizing the corresponding function.

[0086] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a microcontroller peripheral circuit module 80; the microcontroller peripheral circuit module 80 is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system 10; the microcontroller peripheral circuit module 80 programs the microcontroller minimum system 10 through a 4-pin header interface, and provides filtering for the microcontroller minimum system through a bypass capacitor.

[0087] Specifically, Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the microcontroller peripheral circuit module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, the microcontroller peripheral circuit module 80 is used to display the power-on status; it transmits the program to the microcontroller minimum system 10 via a 4-pin header and filters the microcontroller minimum system 10 via a bypass capacitor. VBAT is connected to the microcontroller pins, and a voltage of 0-6V can be detected by voltage divider (sampled voltage = R3 + R4 / R4 × 3V). LED1 represents the power indicator, and LED2 indicates that the program is successfully burned.

[0088] Filter capacitors C3-C5 serve as the filter capacitors for the minimum system 10 of the microcontroller, effectively filtering out high-frequency noise and making the input 3.3V voltage "cleaner". The sixth resistor R6 and LED2 are connected to the 3V power supply to form an input power indicator, indicating that the 3V power supply is normally powered on. The sixth resistor R6 also acts as a current limiter. The fifth resistor R5 and LED1 are connected to the IO pin of the microcontroller U1 to form an output status indicator; LED1 flashes to indicate normal operation. The IO pin of the microcontroller U1 is connected between the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 to collect the voltage in real time. The third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected in series proportionally between the power supply and ground to divide the voltage; their resistance values ​​can be set to R3=100K and R4=10K. (The formula is used to...) Determine the input voltage, where Vin represents the sampled voltage and Vsour represents the power supply voltage; the program burning interface PZ1 is used for software debugging and simulation program burning.

[0089] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a storage module 90; the storage module 90 is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system 10; the storage module 90 includes an EEPROM storage chip.

[0090] Specifically, Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the storage module provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the storage module 90 consists of a storage chip U6 and pull-up resistors R31 and R32, and interacts with the microcontroller U1 via IIC communication. The storage chip U6 has a capacity of 16KB, capable of storing 8000 16-bit parameters, and can be used to externally store microcontroller data. The storage chip U6 is an EEPROM chip, and the Shanghai Belling BL24C128A can be used. Communication between the storage chip U6 and the microcontroller U1 is via IIC, and the storage chip U6 can be used to externally store microcontroller data.

[0091] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a display module 100; the display module 100 is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system 10; the display module 100 is connected to an external OLED screen through a 4-pin header interface.

[0092] Specifically, Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of the display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 10As shown, the 4-pin header interface PZ2 is used to connect an external OLED screen with a resolution of 128×64 pixels, a VA size of 31.42×16.7mm, and a display panel size of 35.4×33.5mm. The screen is powered by 3.3V and communicates with the microcontroller U1 via IIC. It can display the communication parameters and working status of the tracking bracket in real time on the screen, making it convenient for users to view and judge the working status of the photovoltaic tracking bracket.

[0093] This invention also provides a remote control for remote control of photovoltaic tracking brackets, including the remote control circuit of any of the above embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a housing 200; the remote control circuit is disposed inside the housing 200.

[0094] The remote control provided in this embodiment includes the remote control circuit in the above embodiment. Therefore, the remote control provided in this embodiment also has the beneficial effects described in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0095] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A remote control circuit, characterized by Remote control for photovoltaic tracking brackets; The remote control circuit includes: a microcontroller minimum system, a battery charging module, a battery module, a step-down module, and a wireless communication module; The battery charging module, the battery module, and the step-down module are connected in sequence; the step-down module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system; the wireless communication module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system. The battery charging module is used to charge the battery module; The battery module uses the step-down module to reduce the battery voltage to the target voltage to power the microcontroller minimum system. The microcontroller minimum system enables remote control of the photovoltaic tracking bracket through the wireless communication module.

2. The remote control circuit of claim 1, wherein, In the step-down module, the anode of the anti-reverse diode (D3) is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery module, the cathode of the anti-reverse diode (D3) is electrically connected to the source of the first switching transistor (D5), the drain of the first switching transistor (D5) is electrically connected to the enable terminal (RUN) of the step-down chip (U4), and an eleventh resistor (R11) is connected between the source and gate of the first switching transistor (D5). The base of the first transistor (Q1) is electrically connected to the minimum system of the microcontroller via the thirteenth resistor (R13), the emitter of the first transistor (Q1) is grounded, and the collector of the first transistor (Q1) is electrically connected to the source of the first switching transistor (D5) via the twelfth resistor (R12). The first anode of the freewheeling diode (D4) is electrically connected to the collector of the first transistor (Q1). The second anode of the freewheeling diode (D4) is electrically connected to the +3V power supply through the fourteenth resistor (R14). The second anode of the freewheeling diode (D4) is grounded through the tenth capacitor (C10). The cathode of the freewheeling diode (D4) is electrically connected to the third terminal (3) and the fourth terminal (4) of the button (SW1). The first terminal (1) and the second terminal (2) of the button (SW1) are grounded. The ground terminal (GND) of the buck converter chip (U4) is grounded. The enable terminal (RUN) of the buck converter chip (U4) is electrically connected to the first power supply (VCC1). The enable terminal (RUN) and the power input terminal (VIN) of the buck converter chip (U4) are both grounded through the eleventh capacitor (C11). The switch pin (SW) of the buck converter chip (U4) is electrically connected to the +3V power supply through the first inductor (L1). The feedback terminal (FB) of the buck converter chip (U4) is electrically connected to the +3V power supply through the fifteenth resistor (R15). The feedback terminal (FB) of the buck converter chip (U4) is grounded through the sixteenth resistor (R16). The twelfth capacitor (C12), the thirteenth capacitor (C13), and the fourteenth capacitor (C14) are connected in parallel across the fifteenth resistor (R15) and the sixteenth resistor (R16).

3. The remote control circuit of claim 1, wherein, The battery charging module is electrically connected to the battery module via a battery interface (CN1); The temperature detection terminal (TEMP) and ground terminal (GND) of the charging management chip (U3) are both grounded. The current monitoring terminal (PROG) of the charging management chip (U3) is grounded through the ninth resistor (R9). The power supply terminal (VCC) of the charging management chip (U3) is electrically connected to the second power supply (VCC_IN) through the tenth resistor (R10). The power supply terminal (VCC) of the charging management chip (U3) is grounded through the ninth capacitor (C9). The battery positive terminal (BAT) of the charging management chip (U3) is grounded through the eighth capacitor (C8). The first indicator output terminal (STDBY) of the charging management chip (U3) is electrically connected to the end of the tenth resistor (R10) away from the second power supply (VCC_IN) through the eighth resistor (R8). The second indicator output terminal (CHRG) of the charging management chip (U3) is electrically connected to the end of the tenth resistor (R10) away from the second power supply (VCC_IN) through the seventh resistor (R7). The enable terminal (CE) of the charging management chip (U3) is electrically connected to the end of the tenth resistor (R10) away from the second power supply (VCC_IN).

4. The remote control circuit of claim 1, wherein, The wireless communication module includes a LoRa chip.

5. The remote control circuit of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a USB to serial port module, which is used to convert signals between the USB interface and the serial port; The USB to serial port module is connected to the microcontroller minimum system and the end of the battery charging module furthest from the battery module, respectively. The USB to serial port module includes a charging interface, which is disposed on the housing of the remote control circuit and electrically connected to the battery charging module. The charging interface is used to connect an external charging power source.

6. The remote control circuit of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a button module; the button module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system; The button module includes at least eight buttons, which are disposed on the housing of the remote control circuit.

7. The remote control circuit of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a microcontroller peripheral circuit module; the microcontroller peripheral circuit module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system; The microcontroller peripheral circuit module programs the microcontroller minimum system through a 4-pin header interface and filters the microcontroller minimum system through a bypass capacitor.

8. The remote control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a storage module; the storage module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system; the storage module includes an EEPROM storage chip.

9. The remote control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a display module; the display module is electrically connected to the microcontroller minimum system; The display module is connected to an external OLED screen via a 4-pin header interface.

10. A remote control, characterized in that, The remote control for photovoltaic tracking brackets includes the remote control circuit described in any one of claims 1-9, and further includes a housing; the remote control circuit is disposed within the housing.

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