Irrigation system and method based on intelligent plant nutrition distribution

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant irrigation systems, in particular to an irrigation system and method based on intelligent plant nutrition distribution. Comprising a multi-sensor unit, a central data processing unit, a communication transmission unit, an intelligent irrigation decision-making unit and an intelligent irrigation execution unit, plant growth environment and state data such as soil moisture, nutrients and plant chlorophyll are obtained in real time through a multi-sensor system, and the central data processing unit can accurately judge whether a plant is lack of nutrition; water and nutrients are accurately distributed based on the information, the problem of'excess' or'insufficient 'in traditional irrigation is avoided, the irrigation efficiency is improved, the intelligent irrigation decision-making unit adopts a multi-objective optimization algorithm, an irrigation scheme is adjusted according to real-time data before each time of irrigation, water resource and nutrient requirements and soil conditions are considered, high efficiency of the irrigation process is ensured, and the irrigation efficiency is improved. And resource waste is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant irrigation system technology, and specifically to an irrigation system and method based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of agricultural modernization, precision farming has become an important means to improve agricultural production efficiency and reduce resource consumption. In agricultural production, a good irrigation system is crucial for ensuring healthy plant growth and improving yield and quality. However, traditional irrigation methods often rely on farmers' experience and judgment, lacking precise quantification of the actual needs of plants, leading to insufficient or excessive irrigation, which in turn affects crop growth and resource utilization efficiency.

[0003] Currently, there has been some research in the field of plant irrigation systems. For example, Chinese invention patent application number CN202510170545.5, entitled "An intelligent irrigation device for real-time monitoring of soil moisture content", proposes an intelligent irrigation device that integrates real-time monitoring of soil moisture content. This device uses a columnar telescopic rod set on the irrigation base of the disc plate and an adjustable height adjuster in the telescopic hole to realize the height adjustment of the sprinkler irrigation structure. Thus, it automatically controls the irrigation mode of sprinkler or furrow irrigation according to the soil moisture content detected by the sensor, adapting to different plant species and growth needs. For example, Chinese invention patent CN202510327290.9, entitled "An Intelligent Irrigation Method, System and Related Devices," integrates a control system and an irrigation system. A photovoltaic power supply module automatically powers the detection module and the irrigation execution module, achieving automatic irrigation without manual intervention. Upon receiving an irrigation start command, the control system instructs the detection module to collect soil moisture data in real time, calculate the soil moisture deviation and its rate of change, and then determine the appropriate irrigation duration using a fuzzy PID control algorithm.

[0004] However, existing methods suffer from a lack of variety in irrigation, unreasonable water and nutrient distribution, insufficient consideration of environmental factors and the real-time conditions of the plants, and a lack of precise decision-making and real-time feedback during the irrigation process, resulting in low irrigation efficiency.

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes an irrigation system and method based on intelligent plant nutrient allocation. It utilizes multiple sensors to monitor the plant growth environment, soil, and plant conditions in real time. Combined with a central data processing unit and intelligent decision-making algorithms, it accurately determines whether the plant needs nutrient supply, precisely allocates water and nutrients, and achieves dynamic monitoring and feedback of the irrigation process. This effectively solves the problems of traditional irrigation methods being singular, having low irrigation efficiency, and being unreasonable in water supply and nutrient allocation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, such as the inability to accurately determine whether plants need nutrient supply, the single irrigation method, low irrigation efficiency, and unreasonable water and nutrient distribution.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution, comprising: The monitoring system includes: a multi-sensor unit, a central data processing unit, a communication transmission unit, an intelligent irrigation decision-making unit, and an intelligent irrigation execution unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the monitoring system includes an environmental monitoring unit, a soil monitoring unit, and a plant growth monitoring unit; the multi-sensor unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a photosynthetically active radiation sensor, a soil nutrient rapid analyzer, a soil moisture sensor, a chlorophyll measurement sensor, and a stem flow sensor. The environmental monitoring unit is used to monitor the temperature, humidity, and photosynthetically active radiation of the plant's growth environment; the soil monitoring unit is used to monitor the nutrient composition and soil volumetric water content of the soil in which the plant is located; the plant growth monitoring unit is used to monitor the chlorophyll content and stem flow velocity of the plant itself; and the photosynthetically active radiation sensor is used to measure photosynthetically active radiation.

[0009] Furthermore, the soil nutrient rapid tester is used to measure the main nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contained in the soil; the soil moisture sensor is used to measure the soil volumetric water content; the chlorophyll measurement sensor is used to measure the chlorophyll content of plants; and the stem flow sensor is used to measure the stem flow velocity of plants.

[0010] Furthermore, the central data processing unit is used to process the data collected by multiple sensors to determine whether the plant currently needs nutrient supply. The intelligent irrigation decision unit makes nutrient allocation decisions based on the actual situation of the plant. The intelligent irrigation execution unit executes effective irrigation tasks based on the results of the intelligent decision unit to ensure that the plant receives reasonable nutrient allocation.

[0011] An irrigation method based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to the present invention includes the following steps: S1: Through the environmental monitoring unit, soil monitoring unit and plant growth monitoring unit, multiple sensors are used to collect various key data in the plant growth environment in real time, and the collected data is transmitted to the central data processing unit in real time by the communication transmission unit. S2: Based on the real-time data collected by different sensors in step S1, the central data processing unit constructs a plant nutrient deficiency discrimination formula to determine whether the plant needs nutrient allocation in the current state. If so, proceed to step S3; otherwise, proceed to step 1 and continue to monitor the plant's growth. S3: Based on the judgment result of S2, the intelligent irrigation decision unit constructs a plant irrigation scheme based on a multi-objective optimization function and constraints, and proceeds to step S4; S4: The intelligent irrigation execution unit calculates the required irrigation water volume and nutrient distribution volume according to the irrigation plan in step S3 through a multi-objective optimization function solving algorithm, and controls hardware facilities such as water pumps, valves and nutrient solution supply equipment to start irrigation according to the set parameters. S5: The environmental monitoring unit, soil monitoring unit, and plant growth monitoring unit continuously monitor the irrigation process and feed the monitoring data back to the central data processing unit in real time. Irrigation is complete when all values ​​are 0.

[0012] The discriminant for plant nutrient deficiency is constructed as follows:

[0013] In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the environmental impact formula. Indicates ambient temperature. Indicates the optimal temperature for plant growth. Indicates relative humidity of the air. Indicates the optimal humidity for crops. Indicates photosynthetically active radiation. Indicates the reference radiation value. Soil nutrient availability formula; Plants obtain most of their nutrients directly from the soil; therefore, analyzing the nutrients present in the soil is crucial for determining whether plants are nutrient deficient. This invention constructs a soil nutrient availability index based on the essential nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium elements for plants. The specific calculation expression is as follows:

[0014] In the formula, This represents the calculated value of available soil nutrients. This represents the measured concentration of the k-th nutrient (N, P, K) in the soil. This represents the threshold value by which a plant requires the k-th nutrient. Indicates soil volumetric moisture content. This indicates the critical water content at which a plant can no longer absorb water. Plant health index formula:

[0015] In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the plant health index. This indicates the measured chlorophyll content. This indicates the chlorophyll reference value for healthy crops. This represents stem flow rate, and this represents transpiration water consumption. Indicates the plant's maximum transpiration capacity. The comprehensive influence of plant nutrient allocation; A comprehensive equation for plant nutrient allocation is constructed considering environmental factors, soil factors, and the plant's own health index. Specifically:

[0016] In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the comprehensive impact of plant nutrient allocation. , Represents the proportionality coefficient. Plant nutrient deficiency discrimination formula;

[0017] In the formula, Indicates the plant's effect on the first The value of 0 or 1 indicates whether an element is needed or not; 0 represents not needed and 1 represents needed. Indicates the threshold for nutrient deficiency. This represents the threshold value for the k-th nutrient in the soil. When the values ​​are not all zero, it indicates that nutrients need to be allocated to the plant. The multi-objective optimization function is specifically: the objective function for optimizing water supply. Water is needed as a solvent when transporting nutrients to plants. Therefore, an appropriate water supply is crucial to ensuring effective nutrient absorption by plants. The specific calculation formula for the water supply optimization objective function proposed in this invention is as follows:

[0018] In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the objective function for optimizing water supply. This indicates the amount of water irrigated per unit of time by the irrigation unit. Indicates the time of irrigation. This indicates the maximum amount of water that can be poured in a single irrigation. Nutrient allocation objective function; The specific formula for rationally allocating the nutrients required by plants is as follows:

[0019] In the formula, Indicates nutrition Assign the calculated value of the objective function. Indicates nutrition The maximum amount of nutrients that can be replenished in a single irrigation. Multi-objective optimization function; Construct a multi-objective optimization function that considers water supply and plant nutrient requirements. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0020] In the formula, Calculated value of multi-objective optimization function The weighting coefficients representing irrigation volume and nutrient allocation. Constraints of multi-objective optimization functions;

[0021] In the formula, This indicates the soil volumetric moisture content after irrigation. Indicates the upper and lower limits of soil volumetric moisture content. , The offset coefficient corresponding to the upper and lower limits of soil volumetric moisture content. , They represent nutrients. Upper and lower limits of concentration, , They represent nutrients. Scaling factor for the upper and lower limits of concentration.

[0022] Beneficial effects Compared with known public technologies, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention acquires real-time data on plant growth environment and status, such as soil moisture, nutrients, and plant chlorophyll, through a multi-sensor system. The central data processing unit can accurately determine whether the plant is lacking nutrients and accurately allocate water and nutrients based on this information, avoiding the problems of "excess" or "insufficient" irrigation in traditional irrigation and improving irrigation efficiency. 2. The intelligent irrigation decision unit of this invention adopts a multi-objective optimization algorithm to adjust the irrigation plan based on real-time data before each irrigation, taking into account water resources, nutrient requirements and soil conditions, ensuring the efficiency of the irrigation process and avoiding resource waste. 3. The entire system of this invention continuously monitors changes in plants and the environment during irrigation, and adjusts irrigation strategies based on real-time feedback, so that the system can adapt to environmental changes and continuously optimize nutrient and water supply, thereby ensuring that plants are always in the best growth state.

[0023] 4. The technology of this invention not only has broad application potential in the field of plant irrigation, but also provides theoretical support for the realization of precision agriculture, improves the efficiency of water resource and nutrient utilization, and has important theoretical value and practical significance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a system flowchart of an irrigation system and method based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the irrigation process based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example: like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an irrigation system and method based on intelligent plant nutrient allocation, including: a multi-sensor unit, a central data processing unit, a communication transmission unit, an intelligent irrigation decision-making unit, and an intelligent irrigation execution unit; Furthermore, the monitoring system includes an environmental monitoring unit, a soil monitoring unit, and a plant growth monitoring unit; the multi-sensor unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a photosynthetically active radiation sensor, a soil nutrient rapid analyzer, a soil moisture sensor, a chlorophyll measurement sensor, and a stem flow sensor. The environmental monitoring unit is used to monitor the temperature, humidity, and photosynthetically active radiation of the plant's growth environment; the soil monitoring unit is used to monitor the nutrient composition and soil volumetric water content of the soil in which the plant is located; the plant growth monitoring unit is used to monitor the chlorophyll content and stem flow velocity of the plant itself; and the photosynthetically active radiation sensor is used to measure photosynthetically active radiation. Furthermore, the soil nutrient rapid tester is used to measure the main nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contained in the soil; the soil moisture sensor is used to measure the soil volumetric water content; the chlorophyll measurement sensor is used to measure the chlorophyll content of plants; and the stem flow sensor is used to measure the stem flow velocity of plants. Furthermore, the central data processing unit is used to process the data collected by multiple sensors to determine whether the plant currently needs nutrient supply. The intelligent irrigation decision unit makes nutrient allocation decisions based on the actual situation of the plant. The intelligent irrigation execution unit executes effective irrigation tasks based on the results of the intelligent decision unit to ensure that the plant receives reasonable nutrient allocation.

[0030] An irrigation method based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to the present invention includes the following steps: like Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include: Through environmental monitoring units, soil monitoring units, and plant growth monitoring units, multiple sensors are used to collect various key data in the eucalyptus growth environment in real time. The collected data is then transmitted in real time to the central data processing unit via the communication transmission unit. Based on the real-time data collected by different sensors, the central data processing unit constructs a eucalyptus nutrient deficiency discriminant formula to determine whether the eucalyptus currently needs nutrient allocation. The specific steps for constructing the eucalyptus nutrient deficiency discriminant formula are as follows: Construct an environmental impact model; During the growth of eucalyptus trees, environmental factors are crucial, such as temperature, humidity, and the amount of photosynthetically active radiation. These three factors directly or indirectly determine the eucalyptus's ability to absorb water and nutrients and its growth status by influencing physiological processes such as metabolic rate, transpiration, and photosynthesis. Therefore, this invention considers the real-time effects of environmental factors on eucalyptus nutrition and constructs an environmental influence formula, the specific calculation expression of which is as follows:

[0031] In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the environmental impact formula. Indicates ambient temperature. This indicates the optimal temperature for plant growth, with a value of 25℃. Indicates relative humidity of the air. This indicates the optimal humidity for crops, with a value of 70%. Indicates photosynthetically active radiation. This represents the reference radiation value, which is 1000 μmol / m². 2 / s, Real-world application scenario: At a large eucalyptus plantation, in order to cope with the adverse effects of frequent seasonal climate fluctuations on eucalyptus growth, It is 25℃. This indicates the optimal humidity for crops, with a value of 70%. This represents the reference radiation value, which is 1000 μmol / m². 2 / s, when the system detects that the temperature is high that day, such as At 35℃, the humidity is low. When the concentration is 45%, and there is sufficient sunlight at noon. 1250 μmol / m 2 / s, formula calculation result A value significantly higher than normal indicates increased transpiration rate and photosynthetic intensity in eucalyptus trees, necessitating increased water and nutrient supply to match their physiological needs. Based on this value, the system automatically adjusts irrigation equipment, appropriately increasing water volume and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient transport concentrations to prevent dehydration or growth stagnation caused by insufficient supply. Furthermore, the system detects [increased levels] during cloudy / rainy weather or under low morning light conditions. A significant decrease, leading to As the calculated value decreases, the system will automatically reduce the water and fertilizer supply level to prevent nutrient waste and soil overwatering. This enables the system to dynamically adjust irrigation and fertilization strategies based on real-time environmental conditions, greatly improving the precision and intelligent management of eucalyptus planting. Constructing soil nutrient availability formulas; Eucalyptus trees obtain most of their nutrients directly from the soil. Therefore, analyzing the nutrients present in the soil is key to determining whether eucalyptus trees are deficient in nutrients. Based on the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium elements essential for eucalyptus trees, a soil nutrient availability index is constructed, and the specific calculation expression is as follows:

[0032] In the formula, This represents the calculated value of available soil nutrients. This represents the measured concentration of the k-th nutrient (N, P, K) in the soil. This represents the threshold requirement of the plant for the k-th nutrient. The threshold requirements for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in eucalyptus are 60 mg / kg, 20 mg / kg, and 50 mg / kg, respectively. Indicates soil volumetric moisture content. This indicates the critical moisture content at which a plant can no longer absorb water; the specific value is 10%. Practical Application Scenario: In a large eucalyptus plantation, long-term extensive fertilization has led to fertilizer waste and eutrophication of the water body. To optimize fertilizer input and improve eucalyptus growth efficiency, the local agricultural research unit introduced the soil nutrient availability assessment model of this invention to construct a precision fertilization system. The system monitors the concentration of three key nutrients (nitrogen N, phosphorus P, and potassium K) in the soil regularly or continuously. And record soil moisture content simultaneously Based on the minimum nutrient requirements of eucalyptus trees (60 mg / kg nitrogen, 20 mg / kg phosphorus, and 50 mg / kg potassium) and the critical moisture content threshold... Substituting the various data into the formula, we obtain the soil test data as follows: nitrogen 30 mg / kg, phosphorus 15 mg / kg, potassium 40 mg / kg, and soil moisture... Below the critical moisture content The levels are significantly low, indicating a risk of insufficient nutrient absorption in the soil. This is due to both insufficient moisture inhibiting absorption and low nutrient concentration. The automatic fertilization system will adjust the fertilizer concentration via an intelligent formula pump and supplement water through the irrigation system to enhance root absorption. Conversely, if the monitored values ​​are: nitrogen 75 mg / kg, phosphorus 25 mg / kg, potassium 55 mg / kg, and soil moisture is low... The system then calculates... The levels are close to optimal, indicating that no additional fertilization is needed, thus saving costs and avoiding fertilizer burn. Specifically, the environmental monitoring unit, soil monitoring unit, and plant growth monitoring unit collect data on ambient temperature, air humidity, photosynthetically active radiation, soil moisture, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the soil, respectively. These data are then transmitted in real-time to the central data processing unit via a communication transmission unit. The central data processing unit calculates the environmental impact value based on the collected temperature, humidity, and light data. Then, by combining soil moisture and nutrient data, the soil nutrient availability value is calculated. Ultimately, a nutrient deficiency discrimination formula for eucalyptus was constructed. When the discrimination result indicates that the eucalyptus is at risk of nutrient deficiency, the system automatically triggers the intelligent nutrient allocation unit to carry out precise fertilization and irrigation, thereby realizing the dynamic regulation of eucalyptus nutrition and water to ensure that it is in the best growth state.

[0033] Constructing a eucalyptus health index; Chlorophyll content directly reflects the photosynthetic capacity of eucalyptus trees; nutrient deficiency leads to a decline in chlorophyll content, affecting eucalyptus health. Stem flow rate is related to water and nutrient transport; nutrient deficiencies, such as potassium deficiency, reduce this rate, indicating that eucalyptus trees have limited water and nutrient absorption capacity. The constructed eucalyptus health index formula is as follows:

[0034] In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the plant health index. This indicates the measured chlorophyll content. This indicates the chlorophyll reference value for healthy crops. This represents stem flow rate, and this represents transpiration water consumption. This represents the plant's maximum transpiration capacity, specifically 10 mm / d. Real-time collection of chlorophyll content in eucalyptus leaves using leaf surface sensors And combined with the stem flow rate measured by the transpiration sensor The data is uploaded to the central control platform, which then uses the chlorophyll reference values ​​for healthy crops. and maximum transpiration capacity Real-time calculation of eucalyptus health index This system is used to dynamically assess whether the photosynthetic capacity and transpiration of eucalyptus trees are normal. Once the health index falls below a set threshold, the system will activate the intelligent irrigation and fertilization device to supplement water or nutrients, thereby achieving closed-loop monitoring and control of the eucalyptus tree's health status, effectively reducing maintenance costs and improving the quality of forest growth. Construct a comprehensive influence model for eucalyptus nutrient allocation; Based on the constructed soil nutrient and eucalyptus health indices, and considering environmental factors, soil factors, and the eucalyptus's own health index, a comprehensive influence formula for eucalyptus nutrient allocation is constructed, specifically as follows:

[0035] In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the comprehensive impact of plant nutrient allocation. , This represents the proportionality coefficient, specifically 0.6 or 0.4.

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, Indicates the plant's effect on the first The value of 0 or 1 indicates whether an element is needed or not; 0 represents not needed and 1 represents needed. This represents the nutrient deficiency threshold, specifically a value of 0.84. This represents the threshold value for the k-th nutrient in the soil, with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium corresponding to 0.92, 0.8, and 0.75, respectively. Specifically, the system utilizes multiple sensors to collect key parameters of the eucalyptus growing environment in real time, including ambient temperature, humidity, light intensity, soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient content, chlorophyll content, and stem flow rate. The collected data is transmitted to a central data processing platform via a communication unit. The platform first constructs an environmental impact model, a soil nutrient availability calculation model, and a eucalyptus health index model to assess the support of current environmental conditions for eucalyptus growth, the content of available nutrients in the soil that can be absorbed by plants, and the photosynthetic and transpiration health status of the eucalyptus. Based on this, the system integrates the above three indicators, combined with nutrient deficiency thresholds and element supply thresholds, to construct a comprehensive eucalyptus nutrient allocation impact model. This model determines whether eucalyptus trees need supplementation with specific nutrients. Once a "need" determination is made, the system will activate intelligent irrigation and fertilization equipment to perform precise water and fertilizer management as needed, achieving intelligent perception and dynamic control of the eucalyptus forest's health status.

[0038] Furthermore, when When the values ​​are not all zero, it indicates that nutrient allocation for the eucalyptus trees is necessary. Based on the above judgment results, the intelligent irrigation decision unit constructs a eucalyptus irrigation scheme based on a multi-objective optimization function and constraints; the specific process of constructing the multi-objective optimization function is as follows: Water is needed as a solvent when transporting nutrients to eucalyptus trees. Therefore, an appropriate water supply is crucial to ensuring effective nutrient absorption by the trees. The specific formula for calculating the objective function of water supply optimization is as follows:

[0039] In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the objective function for optimizing water supply. This indicates the amount of water irrigated per unit of time by the irrigation unit. Indicates the time of irrigation. This indicates the maximum irrigation volume for a single irrigation, with a value of 400 cubic meters per hectare.

[0040] Secondly, the nutrients required by eucalyptus trees should be allocated rationally, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0041] In the formula, Indicates nutrition Assign the calculated value of the objective function. Indicates nutrition The upper limit for nutrient replenishment during a single irrigation is 8 mg / kg for nitrogen, 15 mg / kg for phosphorus, and 9 mg / kg for potassium. Furthermore, a multi-objective optimization function considering water supply and eucalyptus nutrient requirements is constructed, with the specific calculation formula as follows:

[0042] In the formula, Calculated value of multi-objective optimization function These represent the weighting coefficients for irrigation volume and nutrient allocation, specifically 0.35 and 0.65, respectively. Constraints of multi-objective optimization functions;

[0043] In the formula, This indicates the soil volumetric moisture content after irrigation. This indicates the upper and lower limits of soil volumetric moisture content, specifically 1% and 7% respectively. , The offset coefficients corresponding to the upper and lower limits of soil volumetric moisture content are 0.5% and 1%, respectively. , They represent nutrients. The upper and lower limits of concentration are set at 30 mg / kg, 10 mg / kg, and 35 mg / kg for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, respectively. , They represent nutrients. The scaling factors for the upper and lower limits of concentration are 0.9 and 1.1, respectively. Specifically: The intelligent irrigation execution unit, based on the aforementioned irrigation plan, calculates the required irrigation water volume and nutrient allocation using a multi-objective optimization function solving algorithm, and controls hardware facilities such as water pumps, valves, and nutrient solution supply equipment to begin irrigation according to set parameters; the multi-objective optimization function solving algorithm includes, but is not limited to, genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization algorithms, and neural network algorithms; simultaneously, the environmental monitoring unit, soil monitoring unit, and eucalyptus growth monitoring unit continuously monitor the irrigation process and feed the monitoring data back to the central data processing unit in real time. Irrigation is complete when all values ​​are 0.

[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution, characterized in that, include: Monitoring system: multi-sensor unit, central data processing unit, communication transmission unit, intelligent irrigation decision-making unit, and intelligent irrigation execution unit.

2. The irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring system includes an environmental monitoring unit, a soil monitoring unit, and a plant growth monitoring unit.

3. The irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to claim 2, wherein the multi-sensor unit includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a photosynthetically active radiation sensor, a soil nutrient rapid tester, a soil moisture sensor, a chlorophyll measurement sensor, and a stem flow sensor.

4. The irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that, The environmental monitoring unit is used to monitor the temperature, humidity, and photosynthetically active radiation of the plant growth environment.

5. An irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to claim 4, characterized in that, The soil monitoring unit is used to monitor the nutrient composition and soil volumetric moisture content of the soil in which the plants are located.

6. An irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plant growth monitoring unit is used to monitor the chlorophyll content and stem flow velocity of the plant itself, and the photosynthetically active radiation sensor is used to measure photosynthetically active radiation.

7. An irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to claim 6, characterized in that, The soil nutrient rapid tester is used to measure the main nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contained in the soil.

8. An irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to claim 7, characterized in that, The soil moisture sensor is used to measure the volumetric water content of the soil; the chlorophyll sensor is used to measure the chlorophyll content of the plant; the stem flow sensor is used to measure the stem flow velocity of the plant; and the central data processing unit is used to process the data collected by multiple sensors to determine whether the plant currently needs nutrient supply.

9. An irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient distribution according to claim 8, characterized in that, The intelligent irrigation decision unit makes nutrient allocation decisions based on the current actual situation of the plants, and the intelligent irrigation execution unit executes effective irrigation tasks based on the results of the intelligent decision unit to ensure that the plants receive reasonable nutrient allocation.

10. An irrigation method based on intelligent plant nutrient allocation according to the present invention, using the irrigation system based on intelligent plant nutrient allocation as described in claim 9, includes the following steps: S1: Through the environmental monitoring unit, soil monitoring unit and plant growth monitoring unit, multiple sensors are used to collect various key data in the plant growth environment in real time, and the collected data is transmitted to the central data processing unit in real time by the communication transmission unit. S2: Based on the real-time data collected by different sensors in step S1, the central data processing unit constructs a plant nutrient deficiency discrimination formula to determine whether the plant needs nutrient allocation in the current state. If so, proceed to step S3; otherwise, proceed to step 1 and continue to monitor the plant's growth. S3: Based on the judgment result of S2, the intelligent irrigation decision unit constructs a plant irrigation scheme based on a multi-objective optimization function and constraints, and proceeds to step S4; S4: The intelligent irrigation execution unit calculates the required irrigation water volume and nutrient distribution volume according to the irrigation plan in step S3 through a multi-objective optimization function solving algorithm, and controls hardware facilities such as water pumps, valves and nutrient solution supply equipment to start irrigation according to the set parameters. S5: The environmental monitoring unit, soil monitoring unit, and plant growth monitoring unit continuously monitor the irrigation process and feed the monitoring data back to the central data processing unit in real time. Irrigation is complete when all values ​​are 0; The discriminant for plant nutrient deficiency is constructed as follows: In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the environmental impact formula. Indicates ambient temperature. Indicates the optimal temperature for plant growth. Indicates relative humidity of the air. Indicates the optimal humidity for crops. Indicates photosynthetically active radiation. Indicates the reference radiation value. The specific calculation expression for soil nutrient availability is as follows: In the formula, This represents the calculated value of available soil nutrients. This represents the measured concentration of the k-th nutrient (N, P, K) in the soil. This represents the threshold value by which a plant requires the k-th nutrient. Indicates soil volumetric moisture content. This indicates the critical water content at which a plant can no longer absorb water. Plant health index formula: In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the plant health index. This indicates the measured chlorophyll content. This indicates the chlorophyll reference value for healthy crops. This represents stem flow rate, and this represents transpiration water consumption. Indicates the plant's maximum transpiration capacity. The comprehensive influence of plant nutrient allocation; A comprehensive equation for plant nutrient allocation is constructed considering environmental factors, soil factors, and the plant's own health index. Specifically: In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the comprehensive impact of plant nutrient allocation. , Represents the proportionality coefficient. Plant nutrient deficiency discrimination formula; In the formula, Indicates the plant's effect on the first The value of 0 or 1 indicates whether an element is needed or not; 0 represents not needed and 1 represents needed. Indicates the threshold for nutrient deficiency. Represents the threshold value of the k-th nutrient in the soil, where When the values ​​are not all zero, it indicates that nutrients need to be allocated to the plant. The multi-objective optimization function is specifically: the objective function for optimizing water supply. When transporting nutrients to plants, the specific formula for the objective function of optimizing water supply is as follows: In the formula, This represents the calculated value of the objective function for optimizing water supply. This indicates the amount of water irrigated per unit of time by the irrigation unit. Indicates the time of irrigation. This indicates the maximum amount of water that can be poured in a single irrigation. Nutrient allocation objective function; The specific formula for rationally allocating the nutrients required by plants is as follows: In the formula, Indicates nutrition Assign the calculated value of the objective function. Indicates nutrition The maximum amount of nutrients that can be replenished in a single irrigation. Multi-objective optimization function; A multi-objective optimization function for water supply and plant nutrient requirements is constructed, and the specific calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, Calculated value of multi-objective optimization function The weighting coefficients representing irrigation volume and nutrient allocation. Constraints of multi-objective optimization functions; In the formula, This indicates the soil volumetric moisture content after irrigation. Indicates the upper and lower limits of soil volumetric moisture content. , The offset coefficient corresponding to the upper and lower limits of soil volumetric moisture content. , They represent nutrients. Upper and lower limits of concentration, , They represent nutrients. Scaling factor for the upper and lower limits of concentration.

Images