Lithium battery ternary positive electrode material modification device and method based on cooperation of microwave plasma and magnetic field

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for modifying a lithium battery ternary positive electrode material through cooperation of microwave plasma and a magnetic field. The device comprises a vacuum transmission unit, a multi-source plasma unit, a pulsed magnetic field unit and a unified and coordinated intelligent control unit, the vacuum transmission unit is used for continuous oxygen-free conveying of materials through a fully-closed channel and a dynamic sealing technology; the multi-source plasma unit performs surface activation and interface modification on the dynamic material through an array type microwave plasma generator; the pulsed magnetic field unit is used for performing non-contact induced recombination on a material body phase structure through an electromagnetic coil controlled by a time sequence; the intelligent control unit cooperatively regulates and controls plasma parameters, magnetic field intensity and material conveying speed; through the multi-field time sequence coupling and vacuum interconnection technology, the problem that modification energy is not matched with structural regulation space-time in a traditional process is effectively solved, and the method has the comprehensive advantages of being uniform in modification, stable in structure, low in energy consumption and high in efficiency.

Description

Technical Field This invention relates to the field of material modification device technology, and in particular to a device and method for synergistic modification of material structure, specifically a device and method for modifying lithium battery ternary cathode materials based on multi-field temporal coupling of microwave plasma and pulsed magnetic field. Background Technology As a core material in fields such as power batteries and high-end consumer electronics batteries, the surface interface stability, bulk structure integrity, and electrochemical consistency of lithium-ion battery ternary cathode materials directly determine the energy density, cycle life, and safety performance of the battery, and are a core link in promoting the technological upgrading of the new energy industry. The modification treatment of ternary materials is a key process to improve their comprehensive performance. The precision of the modification energy field, the ability to regulate different structural levels, and the air isolation protection throughout the process not only affect the modification efficiency, but also directly relate to the final performance limit of the material. It is the technical support for ternary materials to move towards high performance and high stability.

[0001] Currently, the mainstream ternary material modification technologies in the industry are mainly divided into two categories: simple plasma surface modification technology and simple magnetic field bulk phase modification technology. Both of them have the limitation of single function in their core design. Simple plasma modification technology bombards or deposits plasma on the material surface, which can improve surface properties, but high-energy particles can easily damage the near-surface crystal structure of the material, and cannot effectively control bulk defects such as lithium-nickel mixing in the bulk phase of the material. Simple magnetic field treatment technology uses magnetic force to act on ions or magnetic moments in the bulk phase of the material, which may induce grain orientation or recombination, but has little effect on key interface properties such as residual lithium and coating layer on the material surface, and the modification effect is singular.

[0002] In material handling processes, existing technologies generally employ a linear modification mode with a single energy field and step-by-step processing, meaning the material to be treated is subjected to one energy field sequentially or only once. In this approach, surface modification and bulk modification processes are separated in time and space, making it difficult to achieve synergistic effects across scales. For example, performing plasma surface activation followed by heat treatment and bulk phase recombination may lead to re-oxidation or failure of the activated surface during subsequent heat treatment; conversely, if bulk phase recombination is performed before surface modification, the recombined bulk structure may be damaged by stress during subsequent processing. Furthermore, existing technologies generally lack the ability to precisely control the timing of multiple energy fields in a fully vacuum environment, making the modification process susceptible to air interference. Moreover, the parameters of each energy field cannot be adjusted in real-time according to the material's state, resulting in problems such as uneven modified layers, structural stress concentration, and poor batch consistency.

[0003] With the rapid development of electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage industries, new-generation ternary cathode materials such as high-nickel and cobalt-free materials have placed stringent demands on modification technologies that balance surface and interface stability with bulk structural integrity for integrated synergistic improvement across the entire structure. Such scenarios require modification technologies to simultaneously address multiple objectives, including surface residual lithium suppression, interface coating enhancement, and bulk lattice stability. However, existing modification technologies suffer from two major flaws: First, the linear stepwise processing mode leads to fragmented modification effects, making it difficult to simultaneously address the modification needs of the surface and bulk phases in both time and space, thus hindering integrated synergistic improvement. Second, the lack of a synergistic control mechanism involving multi-field coupling and vacuum interconnection results in insufficient modification depth, structural stress conflicts, and poor batch stability. Even with extended processing times or layered processes, the overall material performance remains a bottleneck, failing to meet the extreme performance requirements of next-generation high-performance lithium batteries for cathode materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a device and method for modifying lithium battery ternary cathode materials using a microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field that can achieve integrated synergistic modification of the material surface interface and bulk structure.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] This application provides a device for modifying lithium battery ternary cathode materials using microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field, comprising a vacuum transmission unit, a multi-source plasma unit, a pulsed magnetic field unit, and an intelligent control unit for unified control of each unit, arranged from left to right.

[0007] Furthermore, the vacuum transmission unit includes a fully enclosed transmission channel and a dynamic sealing mechanism; the fully enclosed transmission channel passes through the working area of ​​the internal cavity of the multi-source plasma unit and the pulse magnetic field unit from left to right; there are two sets of dynamic sealing mechanisms, which are respectively set at the feed port at the leftmost end and the discharge port at the rightmost end of the fully enclosed transmission channel, and are used to maintain a vacuum and oxygen-free environment inside the channel during the continuous feeding and discharging of materials;

[0008] Preferably, the multi-source plasma unit is located in the left section of the vacuum transmission unit, including a plasma processing cavity and a microwave plasma generator; the plasma processing cavity is coaxially fixed outside the tube wall of the fully enclosed transmission channel; multiple sets of microwave plasma generators are provided, symmetrically arranged at equal intervals on the circumferential wall along the circumferential direction of the plasma processing cavity, for emitting microwave energy to the material passing through the plasma processing cavity to perform surface activation and interface modification on the material;

[0009] Preferably, the pulsed magnetic field unit is disposed adjacent to the right side of the multi-source plasma unit, and includes an electromagnetic coil group and a timing control power supply; the electromagnetic coil group is coaxially fixed outside the tube wall of the fully enclosed transmission channel and located downstream of the right side of the plasma processing chamber; the timing control power supply is connected to the electromagnetic coil group via a cable to generate a pulsed magnetic field with a specific timing to induce non-contact reorganization of the bulk structure of the material processed by the multi-source plasma unit;

[0010] Preferably, the intelligent control unit is independently configured, including a central processing unit and a sensing system. The sensing system has two sets of sensors, which are respectively located inside the plasma processing cavity of the multi-source plasma unit and inside the electromagnetic coil group of the pulsed magnetic field unit. The central processing unit is electrically connected to the drive motor of the vacuum transmission unit, the microwave power supply of the multi-source plasma unit, the timing control power supply of the pulsed magnetic field unit, and the sensing system through control cables, forming a centralized control and collaborative regulation system. This system is used to collaboratively adjust the material transmission speed, plasma parameters, and magnetic field parameters based on real-time sensing data, and is used for integrated collaborative control of material surface modification and bulk phase recombination.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, a method for using a microwave plasma-coordinated magnetic field device for modifying lithium-ion battery ternary cathode materials includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Based on the modification requirements, input the preset process parameters into the intelligent control unit, including system vacuum degree a, material transfer speed b, plasma power c, processing time d, magnetic field strength e, and pulse frequency f.

[0013] S2, start the vacuum transmission unit to continuously transport the ternary cathode material in the fully enclosed transmission channel at a speed of b. The dynamic sealing mechanism maintains a vacuum oxygen-free environment with a vacuum degree of a at the inlet at the leftmost end and the outlet at the rightmost end of the fully enclosed transmission channel.

[0014] S3, the multi-source plasma unit is turned on. Microwave plasma generators distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential wall of the plasma processing cavity are used to perform surface activation and interface modification on the dynamically conveyed material for a duration of d with power c.

[0015] S4, activate the pulsed magnetic field unit, which generates a pulsed magnetic field of intensity e and frequency f through an electromagnetic coil group with a Helmholtz coil structure, to induce non-contact reorganization of the bulk structure of the plasma-treated material.

[0016] S5 monitors and coordinates the operating parameters of each unit in real time through the intelligent control unit. The central processing unit dynamically adjusts the material conveying speed b, plasma power c, and magnetic field parameters e and f based on the real-time feedback data from the sensor system.

[0017] S6, the material that has completed the synergistic modification is output from the outlet of the fully enclosed transmission channel to obtain a ternary cathode material with a uniform surface coating layer and a gradient bulk structure.

[0018] In step S3, while the multi-source plasma unit is turned on, the vacuum transmission unit maintains the continuous transport of materials at a speed of b. In step S4, while the pulsed magnetic field unit is started, the multi-source plasma unit continues to perform surface activation and interface modification on the materials at a power of c. In step S5, the intelligent control unit synchronously adjusts the processing time d of the multi-source plasma unit and the pulse frequency f of the pulsed magnetic field unit according to the process data collected in real time by the sensing system, so as to realize the time-sequential coordinated control of multiple field parameters.

[0019] Beneficial effects

[0020] This invention solves the technical problem of spatiotemporal mismatch between surface interface modification and bulk structure recombination in traditional material modification processes through a synergistic processing mechanism of multi-field temporal coupling and vacuum interconnection; it utilizes a closed-loop control device composed of a vacuum transmission unit, a multi-source plasma unit, a pulsed magnetic field unit, and an intelligent control unit to enable integrated synergistic modification of materials from the surface to the bulk phase.

[0021] Specifically, a continuous oxygen-free material transport environment was established through the fully enclosed channel and dynamic sealing technology of the vacuum transport unit, providing a fundamental guarantee for high-quality modification; the array-type microwave plasma generator of the multi-source plasma unit was used for precise surface activation and interface modification of dynamic materials; the timing-controlled electromagnetic coil of the pulse magnetic field unit was used to complete the non-contact induced recombination of the bulk structure of the material; and the central processing unit and sensing system of the intelligent control unit were used for real-time coordinated control of plasma parameters, magnetic field strength and material transport speed.

[0022] The lithium-ion battery ternary cathode material modification device using microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field effectively solves the contradiction between surface damage and bulk defects in traditional processes, forming a virtuous cycle of surface interface modification and bulk structure reorganization. Compared with existing technologies, this invention significantly improves the structural stability and electrochemical performance consistency of the material, while achieving a comprehensive effect of good modification uniformity, low energy consumption, and high efficiency, fully meeting the stringent requirements of high-performance lithium-ion battery cathode materials for structural integrity and interface stability. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a device for modifying lithium battery ternary cathode materials using a microwave plasma-coordinated magnetic field, provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the vacuum transmission unit of a lithium battery ternary cathode material modification device with microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field provided for this application;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-source plasma unit for a lithium-ion battery ternary cathode material modification device with microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the magnetic coil of a device for modifying lithium battery ternary cathode materials using a microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field, provided for this application;

[0027] 1 - Vacuum transmission unit; 2 - Multi-source plasma unit; 3 - Pulsed magnetic field unit; 4 - Intelligent control unit; 11 - Fully enclosed transmission channel; 12 - Dynamic sealing mechanism; 21 - Microwave plasma generator; 22 - Multiple magnetrons; 23 - Plasma processing chamber; 24 - Independently adjustable microwave power supply; 25 - Cooling structure; 26 - Plasma power sensor; 27 - Temperature sensor; 28 - Optical emission spectrometer; 29 - Magnetic field strength sensor; 31 - Electromagnetic coil group; 32 - Timing control power supply; 33 - Pulse generation circuit; 34 - Waveform modulator; 41 - Central processing unit; 42 - Sensing system; 121 - Multi-level labyrinth seal; 122 - Gas-filled seal; 123 - Sealing toothed ring; 124 - Annular gas distribution chamber; 125 - Microporous breathable ring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention for its intended purpose, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When referring to the drawings in the following description, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of methods and systems consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0029] The terminology used in this application is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed purposes.

[0030] The following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided in detail.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] Please see Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides a device for modifying lithium-ion ternary cathode materials using microwave plasma and a synergistic magnetic field. The device includes, from left to right, a vacuum transmission unit 1, a multi-source plasma unit 2, a pulsed magnetic field unit 3, and an intelligent control unit 4. The vacuum transmission unit 1 serves as a basic platform for material transport, including a fully enclosed transmission channel 11 and a dynamic sealing mechanism 12. The fully enclosed transmission channel 11 is rigidly connected to the multi-source plasma unit 2 and the pulsed magnetic field unit 3 via flanges. The multi-source plasma unit 2 is integrated into the left side section of the vacuum transmission unit 1 and includes a plasma processing chamber 23 and a microwave plasma generator 21. The pulsed magnetic field unit 3 is located adjacent to the right side of the multi-source plasma unit 2 and includes an electromagnetic coil group 31 and a timing control power supply 32. The intelligent control unit 4 coordinates the operation of all systems.

[0033] This embodiment solves the technical problem of spatiotemporal mismatch and uncoordinated modification effect between surface interface modification and bulk structure recombination in traditional processes by using a modification device including a vacuum transmission unit 1, a multi-source plasma unit 2, a pulsed magnetic field unit 3 and an intelligent control unit 4, thereby achieving integrated and synergistic modification of material surface activation and bulk structure recombination.

[0034] The vacuum transmission unit 1 includes a fully enclosed transmission channel 11 and a dynamic sealing mechanism 12; the fully enclosed transmission channel 11 is made of 316L stainless steel, and its inner wall is coated with an aluminum oxide wear-resistant coating, achieving a sealing performance of 10. -2 Pa-level high vacuum; the fully enclosed transmission channel 11 passes through the working areas of the multi-source plasma unit 2 and the pulse magnetic field unit 3 from left to right, and the inlet and outlet of the channel are dynamically sealed by a dynamic sealing machine (12); the dynamic sealing mechanism 12 adopts a composite sealing structure of multi-level labyrinth seal 121 and gas-filled seal 122.

[0035] The multi-stage labyrinth seal 121 includes three interlocking polytetrafluoroethylene sealing tooth rings 123, which achieve primary dynamic sealing through the tortuous sealing channel formed between adjacent tooth rings; the gas-filled seal 122 introduces argon gas into the microporous vent ring 125 through the annular gas distribution chamber 124 to form a gas curtain barrier, thereby achieving secondary dynamic sealing against external gas infiltration.

[0036] Specifically, the fully enclosed transmission channel, constructed of 316L stainless steel and lined with an alumina wear-resistant coating, employs a high-vacuum design to solve the technical problem of material oxidation and contamination during traditional transmission processes, ensuring an oxygen-free environment throughout the modification process. Furthermore, the dynamic sealing mechanism, utilizing a composite sealing structure of multi-stage labyrinth seals and gas-filled seals, addresses vacuum leakage during continuous material flow, achieving 10 -2 Stable maintenance of Pa-level high vacuum; wherein, the tortuous sealing channel formed by the three-stage polytetrafluoroethylene sealing toothed ring of the multi-stage labyrinth seal achieves primary dynamic sealing of the passing material; argon gas is introduced into the microporous permeable ring through the annular gas distribution cavity of the gas-filled seal to form a gas curtain barrier, solving the technical defects of external gas infiltration and ensuring the purity of the sealing interface.

[0037] Preferably, the multi-source plasma unit 2 includes a plasma processing cavity 23 and a microwave plasma generator 21;

[0038] The microwave plasma generator 21 employs an array of eight magnetrons, evenly spaced along the circumferential wall of the plasma processing cavity 23. The power of each magnetron is independently adjustable within the range of 500-2000W. The plasma processing cavity 23 is fitted onto the outside of the fully enclosed transmission channel 11, with its inner wall lined with a quartz lining boasting a microwave transmittance exceeding 95% to ensure efficient energy transmission. The independently adjustable microwave power supply 24 supplies power to each magnetron independently via a power distribution unit, and the output power of each magnetron is collected in real-time by a plasma power sensor 26 positioned on the circumferential wall of the plasma processing cavity 23. The power rate data is compared with the preset power value to independently adjust the power parameters of each magnetron. At the same time, the operating temperature of each magnetron is monitored by the temperature sensor 27 installed in the plasma processing chamber 23, and the coolant flow rate and heat dissipation intensity of the cooling structure 25 are adjusted according to the monitoring data to actively cool the magnetrons. The cooling structure 25 adopts a multi-loop independent control design, with each cooling loop corresponding to a group of magnetrons. Differentiated and precise cooling is achieved according to the actual operating temperature of each magnetron, thereby accurately maintaining the operating temperature of each magnetron below 50°C and realizing independent and precise control of the power of each magnetron within a controllable range.

[0039] Specifically, the equidistant arrangement of the eight magnetron arrays solves the problem of unevenness in traditional single-source plasma processing, achieving omnidirectional and uniform activation of the material surface; the high transmittance design of the quartz liner solves the problem of high microwave energy loss, allowing microwave transmittance to exceed 95% and ensuring efficient energy utilization; the independent adjustable power supply and multi-loop cooling system solve the defects of power fluctuation and uneven thermal management, achieving precise control of the power of each magnetron and temperature stability.

[0040] Preferably, the pulsed magnetic field unit 3 includes an electromagnetic coil group 31 and a timing control power supply 32;

[0041] The electromagnetic coil group 31 adopts a Helmholtz coil structure, consisting of a pair of coaxially arranged and equally spaced copper ring coils, which are fitted outside the fully enclosed transmission channel 11; the timing control power supply 32 adopts a multi-waveform programmable control structure, the pulse generation circuit 33 generates a 1-100Hz fundamental frequency, the waveform modulator 34 switches between square waves and triangular waves, and the magnetic field strength adjustment range is 0.5-3T.

[0042] Furthermore, the special structure of the Helmholtz coil solves the problem of poor uniformity of traditional magnetic fields, generating a highly uniform pulsed magnetic field in the material passage area; the multi-waveform programmable control solves the problem of limited applicability of a single waveform, enabling flexible switching of different waveform parameters; and the wide-range magnetic field strength adjustment solves the technical bottleneck of large differences in the recombination requirements of different material bulk structures, ensuring precise control of induced recombination.

[0043] Specifically, the special structure of the Helmholtz coil includes: a pair of coaxially arranged toroidal copper coils with a spacing strictly equal to the coil radius, with a high-precision positioning fixture ensuring a coaxiality error of less than 0.1 mm; the coil is made of high-purity oxygen-free copper material with a silver-plated surface, combined with an internally integrated double-helix cooling channel, resulting in a conductivity exceeding 100% IACS and a continuous operating temperature rise not exceeding 15 K; the coil is externally equipped with a multi-layer electromagnetic shielding structure, and internally insulated with high-temperature resistant polyimide film and mica sheets, vacuum-impregnated with H-class insulating varnish; the special structure of the Helmholtz coil forms a uniform magnetic field region with a length of 1 / 3 of the coil diameter in the material passage area, with a uniformity better than ±1%, providing an ideal magnetic field environment for the uniform induced recombination of the material's bulk structure;

[0044] Preferably, the intelligent control unit 4 includes a central processing unit (41) and a sensing system (42);

[0045] The central processing unit 41 has one-key start and parameter collaborative control functions. It establishes a process parameter database through a collaborative control algorithm and can automatically match the optimal combination of plasma parameters, magnetic field parameters and material transport speed according to the input material type. The sensing system 42 monitors key process parameters, including vacuum degree, material transport speed, plasma power and magnetic field strength, in real time. When the parameters are detected to deviate from the set value, the central processing unit 41 dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of each execution unit within 100 milliseconds based on the process data fed back by the sensing system 42 in real time, to ensure the stability and process accuracy of the modification process.

[0046] Specifically, the process of establishing a process parameter database through a collaborative control algorithm is as follows:

[0047] Data acquisition and feature extraction are performed by collecting process parameter vectors through the sensor system 42, specifically as follows:

[0048] ,

[0049] in For plasma power (500-2000W), The magnetic field strength is (0.5-3T). For transmission speed (0.1-1.0 m / min), The base temperature, Processing time (0.5-5 min);

[0050] Feature extraction employs principal component analysis, specifically expressed as follows:

[0051] ,

[0052] in The PCA transformation matrix is... The parameter mean vector;

[0053] Parameter correlation modeling: By establishing a mapping relationship between process parameters and modification effects, specifically represented as follows: ,

[0054] Where Q is the modified quality index, β is the regression coefficient, and ε is the error term;

[0055] Database construction: Constructing a parameter optimization matrix from model data through parameter correlation modeling, specifically represented as:

[0056] ,

[0057] Where ρ is the material type feature vector;

[0058] Intelligent matching mechanism: Retrieves the optimal parameters based on Euclidean distance similarity matching from the database constructed above, specifically expressed as:

[0059] ,

[0060] choose The parameter combination is used as the initial solution, where δ is the similarity threshold;

[0061] Real-time optimization and updates: The database content is optimized based on real-time data using the Q-learning algorithm, specifically as follows:

[0062] ,

[0063] Where state s represents process parameters, action a represents parameter adjustment, and reward r is based on changes in quality indicators;

[0064] Adaptive adjustment: A PID control model is established by rapidly adjusting the optimization results updated in real time, specifically represented as follows:

[0065] ,

[0066] in Response time ;

[0067] The process of establishing a process parameter database through collaborative control algorithms enables the process parameter database to have dynamic update capabilities, effectively improving the adaptability and control accuracy of different material modification processes.

[0068] This embodiment is applied to the modification treatment of a high-nickel ternary cathode material (NCM811). Its goal is to simultaneously improve the surface stability and bulk structure integrity of the material. The equipment is required to achieve synergistic modification of surface coating and bulk reorganization during continuous production. The initial state is that the equipment is in standby mode, each unit has completed preheating, and the vacuum system has been started.

[0069] The equipment implementation process specifically includes:

[0070] After the microwave plasma-coordinated magnetic field lithium-ion battery ternary cathode material modification device is started, the operator inputs preset process parameters through the operation interface of the intelligent control unit 4: system vacuum degree 10. -1 Pa, material conveying speed 0.5 m / min, plasma power 1500 W, processing time 3 min, magnetic field strength 2 T, pulse frequency 50 Hz; after receiving the command, the intelligent control unit 4 automatically activates the vacuum transmission unit 1, and the dynamic sealing mechanism 12 starts to maintain the internal temperature of the system. -1 A vacuum environment of Pa;

[0071] After the parameters are set, the operator triggers a one-button start command; the central processing unit 41 of the intelligent control unit 4 sends control signals to each unit. The vacuum transmission unit 1 transports NCM811 material at a speed of 0.5 m / min. The multi-source plasma unit 2 starts simultaneously, and 8 sets of magnetrons generate a uniform microwave field with a power of 1500W to perform surface activation and interface modification on the dynamically transported material. The pulse magnetic field unit 3 starts simultaneously, and the Helmholtz coil generates a pulse magnetic field with an intensity of 2T and a frequency of 50Hz to induce bulk structure recombination in the plasma-treated material.

[0072] During the modification process, the intelligent control unit 4 monitors various process parameters in real time through the sensing system 42; when the plasma power fluctuation exceeds ±5%, the system adjusts the output power of the corresponding magnetron within 100 milliseconds through the power distribution unit; when the material transmission speed deviation exceeds the set value, the speed of the drive motor of the vacuum transmission unit 1 is immediately adjusted; at the same time, the multi-loop cooling system dynamically adjusts the coolant flow rate according to the temperature sensor data to ensure that the working temperature of each magnetron is stable within the range of 45-50℃.

[0073] After running continuously for 4 hours, the intelligent control unit 4 automatically generates a modification process report, including process parameter curves, energy consumption statistics, and modification effect evaluation; all data is transmitted to the central control room via industrial Ethernet to realize real-time monitoring and quality traceability of the production process.

[0074] This embodiment successfully achieved continuous modification of NCM811 material, with a production capacity of 50 kg / h. The modified material has a uniform and dense surface coating and a gradient concentration structure in the bulk phase. The initial cycle efficiency increased from 88.5% to 91.2%, and the 100-cycle capacity retention rate increased from 82.3% to 89.7%, significantly improving the electrochemical performance and production efficiency of the ternary cathode material.

[0075] Example 2:

[0076] This embodiment provides a method for modifying lithium-ion battery ternary cathode materials using microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field. Applied to the modification of high-nickel ternary cathode materials (NCM811) in the new energy field, this method achieves integrated synergistic modification of the NCM811 material's surface interface and bulk structure through the synergistic effect of microwave plasma surface activation and pulsed magnetic field bulk phase recombination. The final product's initial cycle efficiency increased from 88.5% to 91.2%, and the 100-cycle capacity retention rate increased from 82.3% to 89.7%. The overall system energy consumption is reduced by 25% compared to traditional modification processes, and the entire process is stable, oxidation-free, and pollution-free. This effectively meets the stringent requirements of the power battery field for high-capacity, long-life, and continuous production of high-nickel ternary cathode materials, providing a reliable technical guarantee for the preparation of high-performance lithium-ion battery cathode materials. The method includes the following steps:

[0077] S1, based on production requirements, input the preset process parameters into the intelligent control unit interface: system vacuum degree a=10. -1 Pa, material conveying speed b=0.5m / min, plasma power c=1500W, processing time d=3min, magnetic field strength e=2T, pulse frequency f=50Hz; the intelligent control unit automatically initializes the reference parameters of each unit: vacuum transmission unit drive motor frequency 35Hz, multi-source plasma unit 8 sets of magnetron power 1500W, pulse magnetic field unit timing control power output frequency 50Hz.

[0078] S2, activate the vacuum transfer unit to feed unmodified NCM811 cathode material into the feed hopper; the fully enclosed transfer channel continuously conveys the material at a speed of 0.5 m / min, and the dynamic sealing mechanism maintains a 10 m / min seal inside the system at the inlet and outlet. -1 The system provides a vacuum-free, oxygen-free environment; a vacuum sensor monitors the system's vacuum level in real time, and automatically adjusts the vacuum pump speed when the vacuum level fluctuates by more than ±5%.

[0079] S3: The multi-source plasma unit is activated. Eight magnetrons are evenly distributed along the circumferential wall of the plasma processing cavity, generating a uniform microwave field at a power of 1500W to perform surface activation and interface modification on materials dynamically conveyed at a speed of 0.5m / min for 3 minutes. The plasma power sensor monitors the output power of each magnetron in real time. When the detected power deviation exceeds ±3%, the intelligent control unit automatically adjusts the output power of the corresponding magnetron through the power distribution unit.

[0080] S4, start the pulse magnetic field unit, which uses an electromagnetic coil group with a Helmholtz coil structure to generate a pulse magnetic field with an intensity of 2T and a frequency of 50Hz, to induce non-contact reorganization of the bulk structure of the plasma-treated material; the magnetic field strength sensor monitors the magnetic field distribution in real time, and when the magnetic field uniformity deviation is detected to exceed ±1%, the timing control power supply automatically adjusts the output parameters.

[0081] S5 monitors and coordinates the operating parameters of each unit in real time through the intelligent control unit. The central processing unit dynamically adjusts the material conveying speed, plasma power and magnetic field parameters based on the process data fed back by the sensing system in real time. When the plasma power fluctuation exceeds ±5%, the system adjusts the output power of the corresponding magnetron through the power distribution unit within 100 milliseconds. When the material conveying speed deviation exceeds the set value, the speed of the drive motor of the vacuum conveying unit is immediately adjusted.

[0082] S6, the material that has completed the synergistic modification is output from the outlet of the fully enclosed transmission channel to obtain a ternary cathode material with a uniform surface coating layer and a gradient bulk structure; the elemental distribution on the material surface is detected in real time by an online mass spectrometer, and the changes in the bulk crystal structure are monitored by an X-ray diffractometer.

[0083] S7. In this embodiment, after 8 hours of continuous operation, a dense and uniform Li2ZrO3 coating layer is formed on the surface of the modified NCM811 material, and a gradient concentration structure is formed in the bulk phase. The initial cycle efficiency reaches 91.2%, the capacity retention rate after 100 cycles is increased to 89.7%, the actual production capacity reaches 50kg / h, the system energy consumption is reduced by 25% compared with the traditional process, and there is no oxidation or pollution throughout the process, which significantly improves the electrochemical performance and production efficiency of ternary cathode materials.

[0084] Specifically, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that it focuses on solving the problem of in-situ soil detection and sampling separation, which is achieved through the integration of mechanical structure and sensing technology. Addressing the industry challenge of synergistic modification of the bulk and surface of lithium-ion battery cathode materials, this invention creatively couples microwave plasma and pulsed magnetic fields in a vacuum environment, achieving integrated reconstruction of the material from surface to bulk. Compared to traditional single-physical-field or step-by-step processes, this invention, through multi-field synergy, not only significantly improves the electrochemical performance of the material (initial efficiency increased to 91.2%, capacity retention increased to 89.7%), but also achieves unexpected technical effects in continuous production (capacity 50 kg / h), energy consumption reduction (-25%), and process stability (no oxidation, no pollution), providing a novel solution for the preparation of high-performance ternary cathode materials.

[0085] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for modifying lithium-ion battery ternary cathode materials using a microwave plasma-coordinated magnetic field, characterized in that, It includes a vacuum transmission unit (1), a multi-source plasma unit (2) and a pulsed magnetic field unit (3) arranged from left to right, as well as an intelligent control unit (4) for unified control of each unit; The vacuum transmission unit (1) includes a fully enclosed transmission channel (11) and a dynamic sealing mechanism (12); the fully enclosed transmission channel (11) passes through the working area of ​​the internal cavity of the multi-source plasma unit (2) and the pulse magnetic field unit (3) from left to right; there are two sets of the dynamic sealing mechanism (12), which are respectively set at the feed port at the leftmost end and the discharge port at the rightmost end of the fully enclosed transmission channel (11), and are used to maintain the vacuum oxygen-free environment inside the channel during the continuous feeding and discharging of materials; The multi-source plasma unit (2) is located on the left side of the vacuum transmission unit (1), including a plasma processing cavity (23) and a microwave plasma generator (21); the plasma processing cavity (23) is coaxially fixed outside the tube wall of the fully enclosed transmission channel (11); multiple sets of microwave plasma generators (21) are arranged symmetrically on the circumferential wall of the plasma processing cavity (23) at equal intervals, for emitting microwave energy to the material passing through the plasma processing cavity (23) to perform surface activation and interface modification on the material; The pulsed magnetic field unit (3) is located adjacent to the right side of the multi-source plasma unit (2), and includes an electromagnetic coil group (31) and a timing control power supply (32). The electromagnetic coil group (31) is coaxially fixed outside the tube wall of the fully enclosed transmission channel (11) and located downstream of the right side of the plasma processing chamber (23). The timing control power supply (32) is connected to the electromagnetic coil group (31) through a cable and is used to generate a pulsed magnetic field with a specific timing to induce non-contact recombination of the bulk structure of the material processed by the multi-source plasma unit (2). The intelligent control unit (4) is independently set up, including a central processing unit (41) and a sensing system (42); the sensing system (42) has two sets of sensors, which are respectively set in the plasma processing cavity (23) of the multi-source plasma unit (2) and the electromagnetic coil group (31) of the pulse magnetic field unit (3); the central processing unit (41) is electrically connected to the drive motor of the vacuum transmission unit (1), the microwave power supply of the multi-source plasma unit (2), the timing control power supply (32) of the pulse magnetic field unit (3) and the sensing system (42) through control cables to form a centralized control and coordinated regulation system, which is used to coordinately adjust the material transmission speed, plasma parameters and magnetic field parameters according to real-time sensing data, and is used for integrated coordinated control of material surface modification and bulk phase recombination.

2. The device for modifying lithium battery ternary cathode materials using a microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic sealing mechanism (12) adopts a composite sealing structure of multi-stage labyrinth seal (121) and gas-filled seal (122); wherein, the multi-stage labyrinth seal (121) is located on the axial inner side of the dynamic sealing mechanism (12) and includes at least three interlocking sealing tooth rings (123), and the leakage flow resistance is gradually increased through the tortuous sealing channel formed between adjacent tooth rings, which is used for primary dynamic sealing of the passing material; the gas-filled seal (122) is located on the axial outer side of the dynamic sealing mechanism (12) and includes an annular gas distribution chamber (124) and a microporous venting ring (125); the annular gas distribution chamber (124) and the microporous venting ring (125) are arranged concentrically from the outside to the inside, and by introducing inert gas into the annular gas distribution chamber (124) and allowing it to seep out evenly from the microporous venting ring (125), a stable gas curtain barrier is formed at the sealing interface, which is a secondary dynamic seal against the infiltration of external gas.

3. The device for modifying lithium battery ternary cathode materials using a microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-source plasma unit (2) adopts a composite excitation structure of an array of microwave plasma generators and an independently adjustable microwave power supply. The microwave plasma generator (21) serves as a plasma generation component and is equipped with multiple sets of magnetrons (22), which are evenly distributed along the circumferential wall of the plasma processing cavity (23). Each set of magnetrons forms a uniformly distributed microwave field within the plasma processing cavity (23) for the all-round surface activation and interface modification of the passing material. The independently adjustable microwave power supply (24) serves as a power control component and is located outside the plasma processing cavity (23). It maintains the operating temperature by independently supplying power to each set of magnetrons and cooperating with the cooling structure (25).

4. The device for modifying lithium battery ternary cathode materials using a microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field according to claim 3, characterized in that: The independently adjustable microwave power supply (24) maintains the operating temperature of each magnetron independently by supplying power to each group of magnetrons and cooperating with the cooling structure (25) to maintain the power of each magnetron within a controllable range. This process includes: the independently adjustable microwave power supply (24) collects the output power data of each magnetron in real time through the plasma power sensor (26) set on the circumferential wall of the plasma processing cavity (23), and compares it with the preset power value to independently adjust the electrical parameters of each magnetron; the cooling structure (25) is correspondingly set directly below the multiple groups of magnetrons (22), with each cooling circuit corresponding to a group of magnetrons, including a cooling substrate, a semiconductor cooling chip set below the cooling substrate, a multi-loop micro liquid cooling channel set inside the cooling substrate, and an intelligent flow regulating valve set at the inlet end of the multi-loop micro liquid cooling channel; the cooling structure (25) uses a temperature sensor (27) After real-time monitoring of the operating temperature of each magnetron, the opening of the intelligent flow regulating valve is synchronously adjusted to control the coolant flow. At the same time, the cooling power of the semiconductor refrigeration chip is controlled to actively cool the magnetron, enabling independent and precise control of each magnetron within its controllable power range.

5. The device for modifying lithium battery ternary cathode materials using a microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic coil group (31) serves as a magnetic field generating component. It adopts a Helmholtz coil structure consisting of a pair of coaxially arranged and equally spaced ring coils, which is fitted outside the pipe wall of the fully enclosed transmission channel (11) to generate a uniform pulsed magnetic field in the material passage area. The timing control power supply (32) serves as a waveform control component and is connected to the electromagnetic coil group (31) via a cable to generate a pulsed magnetic field with a specific timing. It adopts a multi-waveform programmable control structure, including a pulse generation circuit (33) and a waveform modulator (34). The pulse generation circuit (33) generates a basic pulse frequency, and the waveform modulator (34) is used to switch between square waves and triangular waves and adjust the duty cycle and slope parameters. The non-contact induced recombination of the material's bulk structure is completed through the combination of waveform switching and parameter control.

6. The device for modifying lithium battery ternary cathode materials using a microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing system (42) of the intelligent control unit (4) includes a process monitoring sensor group and an environmental monitoring sensor group; the process monitoring sensor group is disposed on the circumferential wall of the plasma processing cavity (23) and includes a plasma power sensor (26) for monitoring microwave power and an optical emission spectrometer (28) for analyzing plasma state; the environmental monitoring sensor group is disposed at the coil gap of the electromagnetic coil group (31) and includes a magnetic field strength sensor (29) for measuring magnetic field strength and a temperature sensor (27) for monitoring coil operating temperature; the plasma power sensor (26) is located to the left of the optical emission spectrometer (28), and the magnetic field strength sensor (29) and the temperature sensor (27) are arranged side by side at adjacent positions in the coil gap.

7. The device for modifying lithium battery ternary cathode materials using a microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control unit (4) establishes a process parameter database through a collaborative control algorithm, and automatically matches the optimal combination of plasma parameters, magnetic field parameters and transmission speed from the database according to the input material type; the central processing unit (41) dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of each execution unit according to the process data fed back in real time by the sensing system (42).

8. A method of using a device for modifying lithium-ion battery ternary cathode materials using a microwave plasma synergistic magnetic field as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, according to the modification requirements, input the preset process parameters in the intelligent control unit (4), including system vacuum degree a, material transfer speed b, plasma power c, processing time d, magnetic field strength e and pulse frequency f; S2, start the vacuum transmission unit (1) to continuously transport the ternary cathode material in the fully enclosed transmission channel (11) at a speed of b. The dynamic sealing mechanism (12) maintains the vacuum degree a of the system at the inlet at the leftmost end and the outlet at the rightmost end of the fully enclosed transmission channel (11). S3, turn on the multi-source plasma unit (2), and use microwave plasma generators (21) that are evenly distributed along the circumferential wall of the plasma processing cavity (23) to perform surface activation and interface modification on the dynamically conveyed material for a duration of d with power c; S4, start the pulse magnetic field unit (3), generate a pulse magnetic field of intensity e and frequency f through the electromagnetic coil group (31) with Helmholtz coil structure, and perform non-contact induced recombination of the bulk structure of the plasma-treated material; S5, through the intelligent control unit (4) to monitor and coordinate the operation parameters of each unit in real time, the central processing unit (41) dynamically adjusts the material conveying speed b, plasma power c and magnetic field parameters e and f according to the real-time feedback data of the sensing system (42); S6, the material that has completed the synergistic modification is output from the outlet of the fully enclosed transmission channel (11) to obtain a ternary cathode material with a uniform surface coating layer and a gradient bulk structure; In step S3, while the multi-source plasma unit (2) is turned on, the vacuum transmission unit (1) maintains the continuous transport of materials at a speed of b. In step S4, while the pulse magnetic field unit (3) is started, the multi-source plasma unit (2) continues to perform surface activation and interface modification on the material with power c; in step S5, the intelligent control unit (4) adjusts the processing time d of the multi-source plasma unit (2) and the pulse frequency f of the pulse magnetic field unit (3) in real time according to the process data collected by the sensing system (42), so as to realize the time-series coordinated control of multiple field parameters.

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