Multidirectional extrusion forming machine

Abstract

The invention provides a multidirectional extrusion forming machine, and relates to the technical field of machining forming. The multi-directional extrusion molding machine comprises: a housing; the multi-direction extrusion assembly comprises an upper extrusion mechanism, the upper extrusion mechanism is arranged at the top of the shell, the upper extrusion mechanism comprises an upper die base and a first hydraulic cylinder, and the first hydraulic cylinder is in driving connection with the upper die base so that the upper die base can move in the vertical direction; the multiple lower hydraulic ejector rods are arranged in the upper die base, and all the lower hydraulic ejector rods can synchronously stretch out of the lower surface of the upper die base downwards in the vertical direction; and the self-adaptive ejection mechanisms are arranged at the bottom ends of the lower hydraulic ejection rods, and the self-adaptive ejection mechanisms can adjust the compensation pressure of the thick-wall area and the thin-wall area of the workpiece according to the temperature. The forming integrity, the size precision and the surface quality of the high-quality complex structural part are remarkably improved, and reliable technological equipment guarantee is provided for manufacturing of light-weight key components needed in the fields of aerospace, new energy automobiles and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of processing forming, in particular to a multi-directional extrusion forming machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of advanced non-ferrous metal material manufacturing, especially in the near-net forming processing of high-quality magnesium alloy and copper alloy complex structural parts, multi-directional extrusion forming technology is crucial. Through the coordinated movement of the upper die, side die and lower die, the metal blank is subjected to multi-directional compressive stress in the closed cavity to produce severe plastic deformation, and a complex workpiece with lateral bosses, deep cavities, and special cross-sections can be formed integrally at one time. It is a key means to realize the integrated manufacturing of lightweight structure.

[0003] However, with the increasing requirements of lightweight and functional integration of components in the fields of aerospace and new energy vehicles, the structure of the workpiece is becoming more and more complex, and the wall thickness difference is significant. This difference leads to serious unevenness of the state of each region of the workpiece during extrusion forming and subsequent cooling: the thick wall area has high temperature due to the concentration of deformation heat and slow heat dissipation, and the material shrinkage stress is large, which has strong clamping force on the die; the thin wall area has lower temperature and weak structural rigidity. The traditional ejection system adopts "one-size-fits-all" uniform ejection force, which cannot adapt to such differences, leading to two major problems: in the thick wall area, insufficient ejection force easily causes workpiece jamming or residual, affecting production rhythm and die safety; in the thin wall area, excessive ejection force easily causes workpiece surface scratches, indentations, and even cracking, which seriously damages the fatigue performance and service safety of the component, becoming a bottleneck restricting the yield and performance stability of high-quality magnesium and copper alloy complex components. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a multi-directional extrusion forming machine.

[0005] The present application provides a multi-directional extrusion forming machine, comprising: a housing; a multi-directional extrusion assembly, the multi-directional extrusion assembly comprising an upper extrusion mechanism, the upper extrusion mechanism being provided at the top of the housing, the upper extrusion mechanism comprising an upper die seat and a first hydraulic cylinder, the first hydraulic cylinder being drivingly connected with the upper die seat to move the upper die seat vertically; a plurality of lower hydraulic ejector rods being provided in the upper die seat, each lower hydraulic ejector rod being capable of synchronously extending downward from the lower surface of the upper die seat in the vertical direction; an adaptive ejection mechanism being provided at the bottom end of each lower hydraulic ejector rod, the adaptive ejection mechanism being capable of adjusting the compensation pressure on the thick wall area and the thin wall area of the workpiece according to the temperature.

[0006] Optionally, the adaptive ejection mechanism comprises: a cylinder, which is filled with hydraulic oil and connected to the bottom end of the lower hydraulic ejector rod; a piston, which is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, and which is provided with a communication hole; a top shaft, one end of which is connected to the piston and provided with an extension part extending into the communication hole, and the other end of which extends out of the cylinder and is arranged vertically downward; a spring, both ends of which are respectively connected to the inner top wall of the cylinder and the upper surface of the piston; a rubber ball, which is connected to the end of the extension part in the communication hole, and which can be expanded by heat to make the outer circumferential surface of the rubber ball abut against the inner wall of the communication hole.

[0007] Optionally, the end of the top shaft away from the piston is provided with a spherical surface structure.

[0008] Optionally, the lower hydraulic ejector rod comprises: a third hydraulic cylinder, which is connected to the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder; a rod body, which is drivingly connected to the third hydraulic cylinder so that the rod body can extend out of the lower surface of the upper die seat in the vertical direction.

[0009] Optionally, the multi-directional extrusion assembly further comprises: a lower die seat mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of the shell; two side extrusion mechanisms, which are respectively arranged at the two sides of the bottom of the shell, and each side extrusion mechanism comprises a side die seat and a second hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder being drivingly connected to the side die seat so that the side die seat moves in the horizontal direction.

[0010] Optionally, the multi-directional extrusion molding machine further comprises: a hydraulic system, which is used to deliver hydraulic oil to the first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder and the third hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] Optionally, the hydraulic system comprises: a first hydraulic pumping mechanism, which is used to deliver hydraulic oil to the third hydraulic cylinder; a second hydraulic pumping mechanism, which is used to deliver hydraulic oil to the first hydraulic cylinder; a third hydraulic pumping mechanism, which is used to deliver hydraulic oil to the second hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] Optionally, the lower die seat mechanism comprises: a lower die seat, which is connected to the shell; An upper hydraulic ejector rod is disposed on the lower mold base. The upper hydraulic ejector rod can be switched from a first position to a second position. In the first position, the upper hydraulic ejector rod is located inside the lower mold base. During the process of switching from the first position to the second position, the upper hydraulic ejector rod extends vertically upwards out of the upper surface of the lower mold base.

[0013] Optionally, the upper mold base, the side mold base, and the lower mold base are all provided with T-slots.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this multi-directional extrusion molding machine are as follows: The upper die base is driven downwards by a first hydraulic cylinder, cooperating with the lateral extrusion mechanism to complete the three-dimensional multi-directional extrusion forming of magnesium alloy or copper alloy billets. After mold opening, all lower hydraulic ejector rods are driven to extend synchronously, causing each adaptive ejection mechanism to contact the back of the workpiece. During ejection, each adaptive ejection mechanism independently adjusts its local force on the workpiece based on the real-time temperature of its contact point (directly reflecting the wall thickness and deformation degree of that area): the adaptive ejection mechanism located in the high-temperature, thick-walled zone automatically provides greater compensation pressure to strongly overcome the huge shrinkage and clamping force in that area, ensuring complete demolding of the workpiece; the adaptive ejection mechanism located in the low-temperature, thin-walled zone automatically provides smaller compensation pressure, forming a flexible buffer to perfectly avoid damage to fragile areas. Finally, the workpiece is smoothly demolded under the adaptive, optimized distribution of ejection force. This invention fundamentally solves the contradiction of "thick areas cannot be extruded while thin areas are damaged" encountered by traditional methods when extruding complex shaped magnesium / copper materials. It significantly improves the forming integrity, dimensional accuracy and surface quality of high-quality complex structural parts, and provides reliable process equipment support for the manufacturing of lightweight key components required in aerospace, new energy vehicles and other fields. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-directional extrusion molding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an overall sectional view of the multi-directional extrusion molding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the upper extrusion mechanism in the multi-directional extrusion molding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive ejection mechanism in the multi-directional extrusion molding machine of the present invention when it is not in operation; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of rubber balls in a multi-directional extrusion molding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transverse tube in the multi-directional extrusion molding machine in an embodiment of the present invention when it is in a heat preservation state; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower hydraulic push rod in the multi-directional extrusion molding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Explanation of reference signs: 1, housing; 2, upper extrusion mechanism; 21, upper die seat; 22, first hydraulic cylinder; 3, side extrusion mechanism; 31, side die seat; 32, second hydraulic cylinder; 4, hydraulic system; 41, first hydraulic pumping mechanism; 42, second hydraulic pumping mechanism; 43, third hydraulic pumping mechanism; 5, lower die seat mechanism; 51, lower die seat; 52, upper hydraulic ejector rod; 6, lower hydraulic ejector rod; 7, self-adaptive ejection mechanism; 71, cylinder barrel; 72, spring; 73, piston; 731, communication hole; 74, rubber ball; 75, ejector shaft; 751, extension part; 100, upper die; 200, lower die; 300, first side die; 400, second side die; 500, workpiece; 510, thick wall area; 520, thin wall area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "embodiment", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplarily" and "one embodiment" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or embodiment are included in at least one embodiment or embodiment of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or embodiment. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or embodiments in a suitable manner.

[0020] The terms "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0021] The embodiment of the present application provides a multi-directional extrusion forming machine, which comprises a shell 1 and a multi-directional extrusion assembly, wherein the multi-directional extrusion assembly comprises an upper extrusion mechanism 2 arranged at the top of the shell 1, the upper extrusion mechanism 2 comprises an upper die seat 21 and a first hydraulic cylinder 22, the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is drivingly connected with the upper die seat 21, so that the upper die seat 21 moves vertically, a plurality of lower hydraulic ejector rods 6 are arranged in the upper die seat 21, each lower hydraulic ejector rod 6 can synchronously extend downwards from the lower surface of the upper die seat 21 along the vertical direction, and a self-adaptive ejection mechanism 7 is arranged at the bottom end of each lower hydraulic ejector rod 6, the self-adaptive ejection mechanism 7 can adjust the compensation pressure on the thick wall area 510 and the thin wall area 520 of the workpiece 500 according to the temperature.

[0022] It should be noted that the hot extrusion usually preheats the metal blank to a high temperature state above the recrystallization temperature, so as to ensure that the material has excellent plasticity, thereby reducing the deformation resistance. Under this premise, when the blank undergoes severe multi-directional extrusion deformation in the mold cavity, two superimposed thermal effects are generated: firstly, the initial heat stored in the blank is proportional to its mass, and the thick wall area 510 becomes a larger heat sink because it contains more material; secondly, when the material is plastically deformed, most of the mechanical work is converted into heat (deformation heat), and the thick wall area 510 generates more deformation heat per unit time because the deformation amount is larger and more concentrated. However, the heat dissipation is mainly carried out through the cooling system of the mold, and the thin wall area 520 dissipates heat extremely fast because it is close to the cooling surface and the heat conduction path is short, and the thick wall area 510 dissipates heat slowly because the heat sink capacity is large and the heat is wrapped inside. Therefore, during the entire process cycle from the start of extrusion to the mold opening, the thick wall area 510 is always in a state of high heat income and slow expenditure, while the thin wall area 520 is in a state of low heat income and fast expenditure. At the moment of mold opening, the dynamic heat balance imbalance is solidified into a clear temperature gradient field: the thick wall area 510 becomes a high temperature area, and the thin wall area 520 becomes a low temperature area.

[0023] Specifically, in combination with Figs. 1 and 2, Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is shown that the internal space of the shell 1 is used for accommodating the mold, the ejection mechanism and the hydraulic pipeline; the upper extrusion mechanism 2 in the multi-directional extrusion assembly is responsible for the vertical extrusion, the upper die seat 21 is a substrate for installing the upper mold 100, the first hydraulic cylinder 22 serves as a main driving source, the cylinder body of which is fixed to the top of the shell 1, the piston rod is connected with the upper die seat 21, and the first hydraulic cylinder 22 provides a strong and controllable mold closing force and mold opening stroke; and the plurality of lower hydraulic ejector rods 6 can be arranged uniformly to adapt to the ejection requirements of workpieces 500 of different shapes.

[0024] In this optional embodiment, the upper die holder 21 is driven to press down by the first hydraulic cylinder 22, and the three-dimensional extrusion molding is completed together with the extrusion mechanisms of other directions in the multi-directional extrusion assembly. After molding, the first hydraulic cylinder 22 returns, and the upper die holder 21 rises. At this time, the workpiece 500 may be locally adhered to the upper die 100 due to uneven shrinkage. Then, all the lower hydraulic ejector rods 6 are driven to extend downward synchronously, so that the bottom end of each self-adaptive ejector mechanism 7 contacts the back surface of the workpiece 500. In the contact moment and the subsequent ejection process, each self-adaptive ejector mechanism 7 independently adjusts the local force of the workpiece 500 according to the temperature of the contact point. The lower hydraulic ejector rod 6 located in the thick wall area 510 (high temperature) provides greater compensation pressure to strongly overcome the greater shrinkage tightness of this area. The lower hydraulic ejector rod 6 located in the thin wall area 520 (low temperature) provides smaller compensation pressure to avoid damaging the fragile area. Finally, the workpiece 500 is smoothly demolded under the action of uniform and self-adaptive ejection force.

[0025] Optionally, the self-adaptive ejector mechanism 7 comprises: a cylinder barrel 71, which is filled with hydraulic oil and connected to the bottom end of the lower hydraulic ejector rod 6; a piston 73, which is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 71, and is provided with a communication hole 731; a top shaft 75, one end of which is connected with the piston 73 and is provided with an extension part 751 extending into the communication hole 731, the other end of the top shaft 75 extending out of the cylinder barrel 71 is vertically downward; a spring 72, both ends of which are respectively connected to the inner top wall of the cylinder barrel 71 and the upper surface of the piston 73; and a rubber ball 74, which is connected to the end of the extension part 751 in the communication hole 731, and can be heated and expanded so that the outer circumferential surface of the rubber ball 74 abuts against the inner wall of the communication hole 731.

[0026] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the cylinder barrel 71 is a closed cavity filled with hydraulic oil, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rod body of the lower hydraulic ejector rod 6 and can move downward with it. The piston 73 divides the inside of the cylinder barrel 71 into upper and lower cavities, and can slide in the cylinder barrel 71 and is provided with a communication hole 731. The communication hole 731 is a hydraulic oil passage communicating the upper and lower cavities of the piston 73 in normal state. One end of the top shaft 75 extends into the communication hole 731 through the extension part 751, and the other end is used to contact the workpiece 500. The top shaft 75 transmits the reaction force of the workpiece 500 to the piston 73, and at the same time, conducts the heat on the surface of the workpiece 500 to the rubber ball 74. The spring 72 provides elastic force for the piston 73 to reset downward relative to the cylinder barrel 71, and provides buffer at the initial stage of ejection. The rubber ball 74 is fixed at the end of the extension part 751 and located inside the communication hole 731.

[0027] In this optional embodiment, the thin-walled area 520 state (low temperature): the rubber ball 74 is small in volume due to low temperature, and there is a gap between the rubber ball 74 and the inner wall of the communication hole 731, at this time, the hydraulic oil above and below the piston 73 can flow freely through the gap, when the ejection force is transmitted through the cylinder barrel 71 and attempts to push the piston 73, the hydraulic oil can flow from the lower cavity of the piston 73 to the upper cavity through the communication hole 731, and the ejection force is effectively buffered; the thick-walled area 510 state (high temperature): the heat of the thick-walled area 510 of the workpiece 500 is conducted to the rubber ball 74 through the top shaft 75, so that the rubber ball 74 is heated and expands sharply, the outer diameter increases until it tightly abuts the inner wall of the communication hole 731, forming an effective seal, cutting off the oil passage between the upper and lower cavities of the piston 73, when the rubber ball 74 seals the communication hole 731, the lower cavity of the piston 73 becomes a closed oil cavity, at this time, the ejection force from the lower hydraulic ejector rod 6 acts on the cylinder barrel 71 and attempts to push the piston 73, but because the lower cavity oil cannot be discharged (not compressible), it becomes extremely rigid in an instant, and the ejection force cannot be buffered by oil flow, but is transmitted to the workpiece 500 through the rigid hydraulic system 4, the piston 73 and the top shaft 75 with almost no loss, thereby realizing high-pressure compensation ejection of the thick-walled area 510.

[0028] Optionally, the end of the top shaft 75 away from the piston 73 is provided with a spherical surface structure.

[0029] In this optional embodiment, in combination with Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the end of the top shaft 75 away from the piston 73, i.e. the end directly contacting the back surface of the workpiece 500, is processed into a spherical surface structure, the spherical surface structure is a smooth convex curved surface, when the spherical surface structure of the top shaft 75 contacts the surface of the workpiece 500, whether the surface of the workpiece 500 is a plane or a curved surface, the spherical surface structure can start to bear force through a small point contact or a line contact, and convert possible sharp point contact or edge contact into spherical surface contact, thereby significantly reducing the local pressure and avoiding indentation on the surface of the workpiece 500.

[0030] Further, the lower hydraulic ejector rod 6 comprises: a third hydraulic cylinder connected to the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 22; a rod body drivingly connected with the third hydraulic cylinder, and a through hole is provided in the upper die seat 21 for the rod body to pass through, so that the rod body can synchronously extend downward along the vertical direction and out of the lower surface of the upper die seat 21.

[0031] In this optional embodiment, in combination with Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the upper part of the cylinder body of the third hydraulic cylinder is installed in the mounting hole at the bottom end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 22, the lower part of the cylinder body of the third hydraulic cylinder is installed in the mounting hole on the upper surface of the upper die holder 21, and a return spring can also be arranged in the cylinder body of the third hydraulic cylinder. When ejection is needed, oil is supplied to the rodless cavity of the third hydraulic cylinder, the rod body is extended, passes through the guide hole on the upper die holder 21, and pushes the self-adapting ejection mechanism 7 to perform the ejection action.

[0032] Optionally, the multi-directional extrusion assembly further comprises: a lower die holder mechanism 5 arranged at the bottom of the housing 1; and two side extrusion mechanisms 3 arranged at the bottom of the housing 1 on both sides, wherein each side extrusion mechanism 3 comprises a side die holder 31 and a second hydraulic cylinder 32, and the second hydraulic cylinder 32 is drivingly connected with the side die holder 31 to move the side die holder 31 in the horizontal direction.

[0033] In this optional embodiment, the multi-directional extrusion assembly further comprises: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the lower die holder mechanism 5 is fixedly installed on the workbench at the bottom of the housing 1 and is a reference die holder in the molding process; the two side extrusion mechanisms 3 are symmetrically arranged on the guide rails at the bottom of the housing 1, and each side extrusion mechanism 3 comprises a side die holder 31 (for installing a side mold) and a second hydraulic cylinder 32, wherein the cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder 32 is fixed on the housing 1, and the piston rod thereof is drivingly connected with the side die holder 31. In operation, the upper die holder 21 is installed with the upper mold 100, the two side die holders 31 are respectively installed with the first side mold 300 and the second side mold 400, and the lower die holder 51 is installed with the lower mold 200. The first hydraulic cylinder 22 drives the upper die holder 21 to move vertically downward, and the two second hydraulic cylinders 32 respectively drive the left and right side die holders 31 to move horizontally toward the center, so as to form a closed cavity together with the fixed lower die holder 51, and the blank is synchronously extruded in the upward, leftward and rightward directions, thereby realizing one-time molding of a complex three-dimensional structure.

[0034] Further, the multi-directional extrusion molding machine further comprises a hydraulic system 4 for delivering hydraulic oil to the first hydraulic cylinder 22, the second hydraulic cylinder 32 and the third hydraulic cylinder.

[0035] In this optional embodiment, the multi-directional extrusion assembly further comprises: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic system 4 can be a complete hydraulic station, which usually comprises a servo motor, a hydraulic pump, an oil tank, a control valve group (directional valve, pressure valve, flow valve), an accumulator, a cooler and hydraulic pipelines distributed throughout the equipment, to provide controlled hydraulic oil to the first hydraulic cylinder 22 (upward extrusion), the second hydraulic cylinder 32 (side extrusion) and the third hydraulic cylinder (downward ejection).

[0036] Optionally, the hydraulic system 4 comprises a first hydraulic pumping mechanism 41 for delivering hydraulic oil to the third hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic pumping mechanism 42 for delivering hydraulic oil to the first hydraulic cylinder 22, and a third hydraulic pumping mechanism 43 for delivering hydraulic oil to the second hydraulic cylinder 32.

[0037] In this optional embodiment, the first hydraulic pumping mechanism 41, the second hydraulic pumping mechanism 42, and the third hydraulic pumping mechanism 43 are combined as shown in Figure 1 As shown in Figure 2 The first hydraulic pumping mechanism 41 can be composed of an independent hydraulic pump, a servo motor, and a supporting valve block, and is specifically used for driving the third hydraulic cylinder (ejection); the second hydraulic pumping mechanism 42 is specifically used for driving the first hydraulic cylinder 22 (upper extrusion), and needs to generate a huge clamping force; the third hydraulic pumping mechanism 43 is specifically used for driving the two second hydraulic cylinders 32 (side extrusion). The three pumping mechanisms can share an oil tank, but the pumps and the main control valve groups are relatively independent, and the three pumping mechanisms can work independently without interference. For example, when the side extrusion and the upper extrusion are in the pressure maintaining state, the second hydraulic pumping mechanism 42 and the third hydraulic pumping mechanism 43 are in the high-pressure pressure maintaining state, and the first hydraulic pumping mechanism 41 can be in standby or supply oil for other auxiliary actions, so as to improve the system efficiency and response speed.

[0038] Optionally, the lower die seat mechanism 5 comprises a lower die seat 51 connected to the shell 1, and an upper hydraulic ejector rod 52 arranged on the lower die seat 51. The upper hydraulic ejector rod 52 can be switched from a first position to a second position. In the first position, the upper hydraulic ejector rod 52 is located in the lower die seat 51. In the process of switching from the first position to the second position, the upper hydraulic ejector rod 52 extends out of the upper surface of the lower die seat 51 in the vertical direction.

[0039] Specifically, the lower die seat 51 is fixed to the shell 1, and a set of ejection mechanisms is also arranged in the lower die seat 51. The upper hydraulic ejector rod 52 is installed in the lower die seat 51, and its driving mode is similar to that of the lower hydraulic ejector rod 6 described above, which is synchronously driven by a top pin plate through an independent hydraulic cylinder (which can belong to the hydraulic system 4). Figure 2 As shown in The first position: when clamping and extruding, the upper hydraulic ejector rod 52 is completely retracted, the top end surface of the upper hydraulic ejector rod 52 is flush with the upper surface (cavity surface) of the lower die seat 51, and does not affect molding; the second position: after opening the mold, if the workpiece 500 needs to be ejected from the lower mold (for example, the workpiece 500 may be left in the lower mold due to structure), the upper hydraulic ejector rod 52 extends upward under the action of hydraulic driving, and the workpiece 500 is ejected away from the lower die seat 51; after molding, according to the sticking mold condition of the workpiece 500, the lower hydraulic ejector rod 6 can be used for ejection, or the upper hydraulic ejector rod 52 can be used for auxiliary ejection at the same time or in sequence, so as to form bidirectional ejection and ensure that the mold is completely opened.

[0040] Further, the upper die seat 21, the side die seat 31, and the lower die seat 51 are all provided with T-shaped grooves.

[0041] In this optional embodiment, standard T-shaped grooves are mechanically processed on the working surfaces of the upper die holder 21, the side die holder 31 and the lower die holder 51, which can be uniformly distributed in a grid shape. The back of the die core or the die plate is provided with a T-shaped block matched with the T-shaped groove. When installed, the T-shaped block is slid into the T-shaped groove, and then a special T-shaped groove bolt is used to lock from the side, so that the corresponding die can be firmly and accurately fixed on each die holder.

[0042] Although the present application is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and modifications shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-directional extrusion molding machine, characterized in that, include: Shell (1); A multi-directional extrusion assembly, the multi-directional extrusion assembly including an upper extrusion mechanism (2), the upper extrusion mechanism (2) being disposed on the top of the housing (1), the upper extrusion mechanism (2) including an upper die base (21) and a first hydraulic cylinder (22), the first hydraulic cylinder (22) being drivenly connected to the upper die base (21) to make the upper die base (21) move vertically; Multiple lower hydraulic ejector rods (6) are provided in the upper mold base (21), and each lower hydraulic ejector rod (6) can extend downward in the vertical direction from the lower surface of the upper mold base (21) simultaneously; An adaptive ejection mechanism (7) is provided at the bottom end of each of the lower hydraulic ejectors (6). The adaptive ejection mechanism (7) can adjust the compensation pressure on the thick-walled area (510) and thin-walled area (520) of the workpiece (500) according to the temperature.

2. The multi-directional extrusion molding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive ejection mechanism (7) includes: The cylinder (71) is filled with hydraulic oil and connected to the bottom end of the lower hydraulic push rod (6); The piston (73) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (71), and the piston (73) is provided with a connecting hole (731); A top shaft (75) is connected at one end to the piston (73) and has an extension (751) extending into the connecting hole (731). The other end of the top shaft (75) extends out of the cylinder (71) and is vertically downward. A spring (72) has its two ends connected to the inner top wall of the cylinder (71) and the upper surface of the piston (73), respectively. A rubber ball (74) is connected to the end of the extension (751) located in the connecting hole (731). The rubber ball (74) can expand when heated so that the outer peripheral surface of the rubber ball (74) abuts against the inner wall of the connecting hole (731).

3. The multi-directional extrusion molding machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the top shaft (75) away from the piston (73) is designed as a spherical structure.

4. The multi-directional extrusion molding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower hydraulic push rod (6) includes: The third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (22); The rod is driven and connected to the third hydraulic cylinder so that the rod can extend downward in the vertical direction from the lower surface of the upper mold base (21).

5. The multi-directional extrusion molding machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The multi-directional extrusion assembly further includes: The lower mold base mechanism (5) is located at the bottom of the housing (1); Two side extrusion mechanisms (3) are respectively located on the bottom sides of the housing (1). The side extrusion mechanism (3) includes a side mold base (31) and a second hydraulic cylinder (32). The second hydraulic cylinder (32) is driven to connect with the side mold base (31) so that the side mold base (31) moves in the horizontal direction.

6. The multi-directional extrusion molding machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The multi-directional extrusion molding machine also includes: Hydraulic system (4) for supplying hydraulic oil to the first hydraulic cylinder (22), the second hydraulic cylinder (32) and the third hydraulic cylinder.

7. The multi-directional extrusion molding machine as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The hydraulic system (4) includes: The first hydraulic pumping mechanism (41) is used to deliver hydraulic oil to the third hydraulic cylinder; The second hydraulic pumping mechanism (42) is used to deliver hydraulic oil to the first hydraulic cylinder (22); A third hydraulic pumping mechanism (43) is used to deliver hydraulic oil to the second hydraulic cylinder (32).

8. The multi-directional extrusion molding machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The lower mold base mechanism (5) includes: The lower mold base (51) is connected to the housing (1); An upper hydraulic ejector rod (52) is provided on the lower mold base (51). The upper hydraulic ejector rod (52) can be switched from a first position to a second position. In the first position, the upper hydraulic ejector rod (52) is located inside the lower mold base (51). During the process of switching from the first position to the second position, the upper hydraulic ejector rod (52) extends vertically upwards out of the upper surface of the lower mold base (51).

9. The multi-directional extrusion molding machine as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The upper mold base (21), the side mold base (31) and the lower mold base (51) are all provided with T-shaped grooves.

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