High-polymerization screw extruder
By applying a strong electric field in a high-polymer screw extruder and using a zirconia ceramic insulation layer and vacuum tube treatment, the problem of water molecule generation during dehydrogenation was solved, achieving efficient and stable polymer processing.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
In the production and processing of existing high-performance polymers, the dehydrogenation method generates water molecules, which leads to bubbles, affecting the polymer molding quality and processing efficiency, and increasing the difficulty of synthesis.
A high-polymer screw extruder is used, and a strong electric field is applied between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw to create a corona phenomenon, which drives away hydrogen atoms on the carbon atom chain. At the same time, a zirconia ceramic insulation layer and vacuum tube treatment are used to avoid the introduction of oxygen atoms and the generation of water molecules.
It improves the stability and molding strength of polymers at high temperatures, simplifies processing procedures, increases production efficiency and product quality, and reduces synthesis difficulty.
Smart Images
Figure CN121733778A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of polymer production and processing technology, and in particular to a high-polymer screw extruder. Background Technology
[0002] High-performance polymers are a class of synthetic polymer materials with excellent properties. Through innovative molecular structure design and synthesis techniques, they have overcome the limitations of traditional polymer materials in long-term use above 250°C, meeting the high-temperature stability requirements of cutting-edge fields such as the automotive industry, medical devices, electronics, and aerospace. High-performance polymers play a vital role in modern industry, and with technological advancements, their application areas and performance will continue to expand and improve.
[0003] In related technologies, the current production and processing of high-performance polymers aims to remove hydrogen atoms from the carbon atom chains in the polymer. After the hydrogen atoms are removed from the carbon atom chains, corresponding vacancy bonds will be formed at the original positions of the hydrogen atoms on the carbon atom chains. After the vacancy bonds are formed, further high-temperature polymerization will significantly improve the strength of the polymer after processing and molding.
[0004] Currently, a common dehydrogenation method in the industry is to add hydrogen peroxide during polymer extrusion synthesis. The oxygen atoms in the hydrogen peroxide react chemically with the hydrogen atoms on the carbon chains of the organic polymer, achieving dehydrogenation through the combination of oxygen and hydrogen atoms. Besides hydrogen peroxide, ether or ketone plasticizers are also added during polymer extrusion synthesis. Ethers and ketones also contain oxygen atoms, and the principle is the same: using the combination of oxygen and hydrogen atoms to achieve dehydrogenation.
[0005] While both dehydrogenation methods described above can achieve the desired effect, the combination of oxygen and hydrogen atoms generates water molecules. These additional water molecules easily form bubbles during the high-temperature extrusion synthesis of polymers. These bubbles affect the quality and strength of the polymer after molding and increase the uncertainty in the polymer synthesis process. Therefore, it is necessary to remove this water. However, this adds a step to the polymer synthesis process, reducing processing efficiency. Furthermore, the difficulty in removing this water further increases the complexity of polymer synthesis, hindering its daily processing and production. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This application provides a high-polymer screw extruder, the purpose of which is to effectively remove hydrogen atoms from the polymer carbon chain during the polymer extrusion synthesis process without generating new water molecules, eliminating the need for an additional drainage process, thereby ensuring effective dehydrogenation while maintaining the efficiency of daily polymer processing, and thus facilitating the daily processing and production of polymers.
[0007] This application provides a high-polymer screw extruder, which adopts the following technical solution: A high-polymer screw extruder includes a casing. A fixed frame is integrally connected to the top of the casing along its length. Fixed plates are fixedly fastened to both ends of the fixed frame in the vertical direction. An outer cylinder is fixed horizontally between the two fixed plates. The two ends of the outer cylinder are respectively sleeved on the two fixed plates. The outer cylinder is hollow inside. An extrusion screw is inserted into the outer cylinder along its length. A feeding box is sleeved at one end of the fixed frame. The feeding box is used to feed organic materials to the extrusion screw for extrusion. One end of the feeding box is connected to an extruder, and the other end of the feeding box is connected to a discharge device. A negative terminal is installed on the outer cylinder, and a positive terminal is installed on the extrusion screw. A DC high-voltage power supply is externally connected between the negative terminal and the positive terminal. The DC high-voltage power supply applies a strong electric field between the negative terminal and the positive terminal. An insulating layer is provided between the outer cylinder and the extrusion screw.
[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, in specific use, organic materials are fed into the extrusion screw through the feeding box, and the extruder drives the extrusion screw to rotate. During this process, the polymerization of materials is completed, and finally the synthesized materials are conveyed to the discharge device through the extrusion screw for discharge.
[0009] A strong electric field creates a corona discharge between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw. This corona discharge effectively increases the thermal effect at the extrusion screw, thereby maintaining the stability of the high-performance polymer at high temperatures. It also helps control processing temperature, improving production efficiency and product quality. Simultaneously, the strong electric field applied between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw effectively displaces hydrogen atoms from the carbon chains in the polymer. After the hydrogen atoms are displaced, vacancy bonds form at their original positions on the carbon chains. Further high-temperature polymerization after the formation of these vacancy bonds significantly improves the strength of the polymer after processing and molding.
[0010] Since no oxygen atoms are involved in the process of removing hydrogen atoms, no new water molecules are added. Therefore, no bubbles are generated during polymer extrusion synthesis, which could affect the quality and strength of the polymer molding process, reducing uncertainties in the polymer synthesis. Because no drainage is required, the polymer synthesis process is simplified, improving processing efficiency, reducing synthesis difficulty, and ultimately ensuring smooth daily polymer production.
[0011] After the hydrogen atoms in the polymer are expelled, the polymer becomes negatively charged. In this state, the negatively charged polymer adsorbs onto the positively charged extrusion screw, which helps improve the stability of the polymer extrusion synthesis process. At the same time, the negatively charged outer cylinder adsorbs negatively charged hydrogen ions. The adsorption of hydrogen ions on the outer cylinder further facilitates the expulsion of hydrogen ions.
[0012] The insulation layer can effectively prevent short circuits between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw, thus helping to ensure the smooth occurrence of corona discharge between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw.
[0013] Preferably, the insulating layer is cylindrical with a hollow interior, the extrusion screw is inserted inside the insulating layer, the outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the insulating layer, and the insulating layer is made of zirconia ceramic.
[0014] By employing the above technical solution, the ceramic material exhibits extremely high resistivity, which effectively prevents short circuits and leakage between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw, thus helping to maintain the stability of the corona discharge between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw. Simultaneously, the ceramic material is not easily reacted with acids or alkalis, and this stability allows the insulation layer to maintain stable insulation performance even in harsh environments. Furthermore, the ceramic material can withstand high temperatures and maintains good insulation performance even under high-temperature conditions.
[0015] Zirconia can form a foam with a porous structure. After the strong electric field between the outer cylinder and the extrusion screw drives away hydrogen atoms in the polymer, the zirconia foam allows hydrogen atoms to easily penetrate, which in turn helps to drive away hydrogen atoms during the polymer extrusion synthesis process.
[0016] Preferably, a vacuum tube is fixed vertically inside the casing, and the end of the vacuum tube away from the casing is inserted into the extrusion screw.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a vacuum tube is used to evacuate the extrusion screw to a vacuum state before dehydrogenation treatment. Vacuum dehydrogenation can effectively remove hydrogen and other volatile substances from the material, improve product purity and quality, thereby effectively improving the polymer's strength and reducing the generation of substandard products. Furthermore, the vacuum environment is conducive to the forward dehydrogenation reaction, thus effectively increasing the reaction rate, reducing reaction time, and ensuring production progress.
[0018] Preferably, a heating rod is inserted inside the extrusion screw along its length, one end of the heating rod extends from the end of the extruder, and the end of the extruder is equipped with a corresponding terminal for the heating rod.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the heating rod can effectively increase the thermal effect of the polymer in the extrusion synthesis process. The increase in thermal effect helps to reduce the activation energy required for the reaction, making it easier for reactant molecules to cross the energy barrier, thereby accelerating the polymerization rate, improving its production efficiency, and increasing output.
[0020] Preferably, insulating pads are installed between the left and right ends of the outer cylinder and the extruder and the discharger, respectively.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the insulating pad effectively prevents short circuits or leakage between the left and right ends of the outer cylinder and between the extruder and the discharger, thereby helping to ensure the stability of the corona formed between the outer cylinder and the extrusion screw.
[0022] Preferably, an insulating sleeve is installed between the end of the outer cylinder and the fixing plate.
[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the insulating sleeve further prevents short circuits or leakage between the end of the outer cylinder and the fixing plate.
[0024] Preferably, a fixing sleeve is provided around the periphery of the outer cylinder, and there are multiple fixing sleeves, which are evenly distributed at intervals along the length of the outer cylinder.
[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the outer cylinder is fixed by a fixing sleeve, thereby effectively ensuring the stability between the outer cylinder and the extrusion screw during the polymer extrusion synthesis process.
[0026] Preferably, the outer cylinder and the extruder are connected by an insulated coupling.
[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the insulated coupling effectively prevents short circuits or leakage between the outer cylinder and the extruder, thereby helping to ensure the stability of the corona formed between the outer cylinder and the extrusion screw.
[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. In practical use, organic materials are fed into the extrusion screw through the feeding box, and the extruder drives the extrusion screw to rotate. During this process, the materials are polymerized, and finally the synthesized materials are conveyed to the discharge device through the extrusion screw for discharge.
[0029] A strong electric field creates a corona discharge between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw. This corona discharge effectively increases the thermal effect at the extrusion screw, thereby maintaining the stability of the high-performance polymer at high temperatures. It also helps control processing temperature, improving production efficiency and product quality. Simultaneously, the strong electric field applied between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw effectively displaces hydrogen atoms from the carbon chains in the polymer. After the hydrogen atoms are displaced, vacancy bonds form at their original positions on the carbon chains. Further high-temperature polymerization after the formation of these vacancy bonds significantly improves the strength of the polymer after processing and molding.
[0030] Since no oxygen atoms are involved in the process of removing hydrogen atoms, no new water molecules are added. Therefore, no bubbles are generated during polymer extrusion synthesis, which could affect the quality and strength of the polymer molding process, reducing uncertainties in the polymer synthesis. Because no drainage is required, the polymer synthesis process is simplified, improving processing efficiency, reducing synthesis difficulty, and ultimately ensuring smooth daily polymer production.
[0031] After the hydrogen atoms in the polymer are expelled, the polymer becomes negatively charged. In this state, the negatively charged polymer adsorbs onto the positively charged extrusion screw, which helps improve the stability of the polymer extrusion synthesis process. At the same time, the negatively charged outer cylinder adsorbs negatively charged hydrogen ions. The adsorption of hydrogen ions on the outer cylinder further facilitates the expulsion of hydrogen ions.
[0032] The insulation layer can effectively prevent short circuits between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw, thus helping to ensure the smooth occurrence of corona discharge between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw. 2. The extremely high resistivity of ceramic materials effectively prevents short circuits and leakage between the outer barrel and the extrusion screw, thus helping to maintain the stability of the corona discharge between them. Furthermore, ceramic materials are not easily reacted with acids or alkalis, ensuring stable insulation performance even in harsh environments. They can also withstand high temperatures, maintaining good insulation properties even at high temperatures.
[0033] Zirconia can form a foam with a porous structure. After the strong electric field between the outer cylinder and the extrusion screw drives away hydrogen atoms in the polymer, the zirconia foam allows hydrogen atoms to easily penetrate, which in turn helps to drive away hydrogen atoms during the polymer extrusion synthesis process. 3. Before dehydrogenation, the extrusion screw is evacuated to a vacuum state using a vacuum tube before the dehydrogenation process. Vacuum dehydrogenation effectively removes hydrogen and other volatile substances from the material, improving product purity and quality, thereby increasing the polymer's strength and reducing the production of defective products. Furthermore, the vacuum environment promotes the forward dehydrogenation reaction, effectively increasing the reaction rate and reducing reaction time, thus ensuring production progress. Attached Figure Description
[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the outer cylinder, the extrusion screw, and the insulating coupling in a specific embodiment of this application; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of point C in the middle.
[0035] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Chassis; 2. Fixing frame; 3. Fixing plate; 4. Outer cylinder; 5. Extrusion screw; 6. Feed box; 7. Extruder; 8. Discharge device; 9. Negative terminal; 10. Positive terminal; 11. Insulation layer; 12. Vacuum tube; 13. Heating rod; 14. Insulating pad; 15. Insulating sleeve; 16. Fixing sleeve; 17. Insulating coupling. Detailed Implementation
[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 5 This application will be described in further detail below.
[0037] Example: This application discloses a high-polymer screw extruder, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2The system includes a chassis 1, which is rectangular in shape. A fixed frame 2 is integrally connected to the top of the chassis 1 along its length. Both ends of the fixed frame 2 are vertically secured to fixed plates 3 by bolts. An outer cylinder 4 is horizontally fixed between the two fixed plates 3, with its two ends fitted onto the two fixed plates 3 for fixation. The outer cylinder 4 is hollow, and an extrusion screw 5 is inserted within it along its length. A feeding box 6 is fitted to one end of the fixed frame 2, used to feed organic materials to the extrusion screw 5 for extrusion. One end of the feeding box 6 is connected to an extruder 7, and the other end is connected to a discharge device 8. In actual use, the organic material is fed into the extrusion screw 5 through the feeding box 6, and the extruder 7 drives the extrusion screw 5 to rotate, completing the polymerization of the material. Finally, the synthesized material is conveyed to the discharge device 8 and discharged.
[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The outer cylinder 4 is equipped with a negative terminal 9, and the extrusion screw 5 is equipped with a positive terminal 10. One end of the positive terminal 10 extends outward, and the other end of the positive terminal 10 is connected to the extrusion screw 5. A 380V, 690V, or 1200V DC high-voltage power supply is connected between the negative terminal 9 and the positive terminal 10.
[0039] The DC high voltage power supply applies a strong DC electric field between the negative terminal 9 and the positive terminal 10. The strong electric field creates a corona phenomenon between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5. After the corona occurs, it can effectively increase the thermal effect at the extrusion screw 5, thereby enabling the high-performance polymer to maintain stability at high temperatures. At the same time, it is beneficial to control the processing temperature, improve production efficiency and product quality.
[0040] Meanwhile, the strong electric field applied between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5 can effectively drive away hydrogen atoms from the carbon atom chains in the polymer. After the hydrogen atoms are driven away from the carbon atom chains, corresponding vacancy bonds will be formed at the original positions of the hydrogen atoms on the carbon atom chains. After the vacancy bonds are formed, further high-temperature polymerization will significantly improve the strength of the polymer after processing and molding.
[0041] Since no oxygen atoms are involved in the process of removing hydrogen atoms, no new water molecules are added. Therefore, no bubbles are generated during polymer extrusion synthesis, which could affect the quality and strength of the polymer molding process, reducing uncertainties in the polymer synthesis. Because no drainage is required, the polymer synthesis process is simplified, improving processing efficiency, reducing synthesis difficulty, and ultimately ensuring smooth daily polymer production.
[0042] Specifically, the reaction temperature in this application needs to be between 120-500℃. In actual experiments, to meet the temperature requirements, this application embodiment not only adds an internal heating rod 13 but also an external heater. This type of heating method is quite conventional and therefore is not specifically described in the specific embodiment. Simultaneously, the extruder also generates high temperatures during vigorous stirring. Therefore, in the specific reaction of this application, the internal heating rod 13, the external heater, and the temperature of the stirring and extrusion are sufficient to meet the temperature value required for the reaction to occur.
[0043] In this experiment, the carbon-hydrogen bond energy is weak. Hydrogen impurities are removed using low temperature and an electric field, followed by high temperature to allow carbon to form high-energy covalent bonds. In carbon fiber raw material filaments, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus, and metal ions are all considered impurity elements. Hydrogen, the most abundant element, is pre-emptively driven away using an electric field to ensure it does not form carbon-carbon covalent bonds and maintains fluidity; otherwise, it easily clogs the spinneret. Dehydrogenation and carbon-carbon bond formation are two separate steps; otherwise, the spinneret will easily clog. To ensure continuous filament formation during spinning, approximately 10-20% polyethylene or nylon is used in the production of polyacrylonitrile precursor fibers to ensure fluidity and improve carbonization efficiency. Before polyacrylonitrile fibers are formed, selective dehydrogenation is performed in a low-temperature, inert atmosphere to remove hydrogen impurities; subsequently, the temperature is increased to promote the formation of carbon-carbon bonds in the molecular chains, retaining the required fluidity for fiber formation while improving the molecular chain strength and stability.
[0044] Too low a temperature will cause the carbon-hydrogen bond breaking rate to be slow, while too high a temperature may cause disordered cracking of the carbon skeleton. It is necessary to find the optimal process conditions by matching the electric field strength through experiments to avoid breaking the carbon-carbon skeleton bonds at the same time. Otherwise, the carbon structure will collapse. At high temperatures, hydrocarbon byproducts or amorphous carbon may be generated. It is necessary to carry out the process in an inert atmosphere (such as argon) or under catalytic conditions to ensure the selectivity of carbon-carbon bonding.
[0045] The purpose of this experiment is to use a strong DC electric field to drive hot organic molecules to migrate hydrogen ions to the cathode and chloride ions or some sulfur ions to the anode at temperatures of 120-500℃, thereby forming a large number of vacancy bonds before the macromolecules polymerize, which can effectively improve the efficiency of polymerization.
[0046] After the hydrogen atoms in the polymer are expelled, the polymer becomes negatively charged. In this state, the negatively charged polymer adsorbs onto the positively charged extrusion screw 5, which helps to improve the stability of the polymer extrusion synthesis process. At the same time, the negatively charged outer cylinder 4 adsorbs negatively charged hydrogen ions. The adsorption of hydrogen ions on the outer cylinder 4 further facilitates the expulsion of hydrogen ions.
[0047] In this embodiment, the outer cylinder 4 is made of copper alloy. The high thermal conductivity of copper alloy helps to effectively conduct and dissipate heat during the synthesis of high-performance polymers, maintain a stable reaction temperature, and thus help ensure the smooth progress of the reaction.
[0048] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The outer cylinder 4 and the extruder 7 are connected by an insulating coupling 17. The insulating coupling 17 effectively prevents short circuits or leakage between the outer cylinder 4 and the extruder 7, thereby helping to ensure the stability of the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5 after corona formation.
[0049] At the same time, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 An insulating layer 11 is provided between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5. The insulating layer 11 can effectively prevent short circuits between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5, thereby helping to ensure the smooth occurrence of corona discharge between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5.
[0050] Specifically, the insulation layer 11 is cylindrical with a hollow interior. The extrusion screw 5 is inserted inside the insulation layer 11, and the outer cylinder 4 is sleeved on the outside of the insulation layer 11.
[0051] The insulation layer 11 is made of zirconia ceramic. Ceramic materials have extremely high resistivity, which effectively prevents short circuits and leakage between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5, thus helping to maintain the stability of the corona discharge between them. Furthermore, ceramic materials are not easily reacted with acids or alkalis, ensuring stable insulation performance even in harsh environments. The ceramic material can withstand high temperatures, maintaining good insulation performance even at high temperatures.
[0052] Zirconia can form a foam with a porous structure. After the strong electric field between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5 drives away hydrogen atoms in the polymer, the zirconium oxide foam allows hydrogen atoms to easily penetrate, which in turn helps to drive away hydrogen atoms during the polymer extrusion synthesis process.
[0053] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A vacuum tube 12 is fixed vertically inside the casing 1. The end of the vacuum tube 12 furthest from the casing 1 is inserted into the extrusion screw 5. Before dehydrogenation, the extrusion screw 5 is evacuated to a vacuum state using the vacuum tube 12, and then the dehydrogenation process is performed. Vacuum dehydrogenation effectively removes hydrogen and other volatile substances from the material, improving product purity and quality, thereby effectively increasing the polymer's strength and reducing the production of defective products. Furthermore, the vacuum environment is conducive to the forward dehydrogenation reaction, effectively increasing the reaction rate and reducing reaction time, thus ensuring production progress.
[0054] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3A heating rod 13 is inserted along the length of the extrusion screw 5. One end of the heating rod 13 extends from the end of the extruder 7, and a corresponding terminal is installed at the end of the extruder 7. The heating rod 13 can effectively increase the thermal effect of the polymer during the extrusion synthesis process. The increased thermal effect helps to lower the activation energy required for the reaction, making it easier for reactant molecules to overcome energy barriers, thereby accelerating the polymerization rate, improving production efficiency, and increasing output.
[0055] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 Insulating pads 14 are installed between the left and right ends of the outer cylinder 4 and the extruder 7 and the discharger 8, respectively. The insulating pads 14 effectively prevent short circuits or leakage between the left and right ends of the outer cylinder 4 and the extruder 7 and the discharger 8, thereby helping to ensure the stability of the corona formed between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5.
[0056] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 5 An insulating sleeve 15 is installed between the end of the outer cylinder 4 and the fixing plate 3. The insulating sleeve 15 is used to further prevent short circuits or leakage between the end of the outer cylinder 4 and the fixing plate 3.
[0057] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A fixing sleeve 16 is fitted around the outer cylinder 4 to fix the outer cylinder 4, thereby effectively ensuring the stability between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5 during the polymer extrusion synthesis process. Multiple fixing sleeves 16 are provided and are evenly distributed along the length of the outer cylinder 4.
[0058] The implementation principle of a high-polymer screw extruder according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: In practical use, organic materials are fed into the extrusion screw 5 through the feeding box 6, and the extruder 7 drives the extrusion screw 5 to rotate. During this process, the materials are polymerized, and finally the synthesized materials are transported to the discharge device 8 through the extrusion screw 5 for discharge.
[0059] The outer cylinder 4 is equipped with a negative terminal 9, and the extrusion screw 5 is equipped with a positive terminal 10. The negative terminal 9 and the positive terminal 10 are connected to an external 380V, 690V or 1200V DC high voltage power supply.
[0060] The DC high-voltage power supply applies a strong electric field between the negative terminal 9 and the positive terminal 10. This strong electric field creates a corona effect between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5. The corona effect effectively increases the thermal effect at the extrusion screw 5, thereby enabling the high-performance polymer to maintain stability at high temperatures. It also helps to control the processing temperature, improve production efficiency and product quality.
[0061] Meanwhile, the strong electric field applied between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5 can effectively drive away hydrogen atoms from the carbon atom chains in the polymer. After the hydrogen atoms are driven away from the carbon atom chains, corresponding vacancy bonds will be formed at the original positions of the hydrogen atoms on the carbon atom chains. After the vacancy bonds are formed, further high-temperature polymerization will significantly improve the strength of the polymer after processing and molding.
[0062] Since no oxygen atoms are involved in the process of removing hydrogen atoms, no new water molecules are added. Therefore, no bubbles are generated during polymer extrusion synthesis, which could affect the quality and strength of the polymer molding process, reducing uncertainties in the polymer synthesis. Because no drainage is required, the polymer synthesis process is simplified, improving processing efficiency, reducing synthesis difficulty, and ultimately ensuring smooth daily polymer production.
[0063] After the hydrogen atoms in the polymer are expelled, the polymer becomes negatively charged. In this state, the negatively charged polymer adsorbs onto the positively charged extrusion screw 5, which helps to improve the stability of the polymer extrusion synthesis process. At the same time, the negatively charged outer cylinder 4 adsorbs negatively charged hydrogen ions. The adsorption of hydrogen ions on the outer cylinder 4 further facilitates the expulsion of hydrogen ions.
[0064] The insulation layer 11 is made of zirconia ceramic. Ceramic materials have extremely high resistivity, which effectively prevents short circuits and leakage between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5, thus helping to maintain the stability of the corona discharge between them. Furthermore, ceramic materials are not easily reacted with acids or alkalis, ensuring stable insulation performance even in harsh environments. The ceramic material can withstand high temperatures, maintaining good insulation performance even at high temperatures.
[0065] Zirconia can form a foam with a porous structure. After the strong electric field between the outer cylinder 4 and the extrusion screw 5 drives away hydrogen atoms in the polymer, the zirconium oxide foam allows hydrogen atoms to easily penetrate, which in turn helps to drive away hydrogen atoms during the polymer extrusion synthesis process.
[0066] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A high-polymer screw extruder, characterized in that: The device includes a chassis (1), the top of which is integrally connected to a fixing frame (2) along its length. Both ends of the fixing frame (2) are vertically fixed with fixing plates (3). An outer cylinder (4) is horizontally fixed between the two fixing plates (3). The two ends of the outer cylinder (4) are respectively fitted onto the two fixing plates (3). The outer cylinder (4) is hollow inside, and a material extrusion screw (5) is inserted inside the outer cylinder (4) along its length. A feeding box (6) is fitted onto one end of the fixing frame (2). The feeding box (6) is used to feed organic materials into the extrusion screw (5) for extrusion. One end of the feeding box (6) is connected to the extruder (7), and the other end of the feeding box (6) is connected to the discharge device (8). The outer cylinder (4) is equipped with a negative terminal (9), and the extrusion screw (5) is equipped with a positive terminal (10). A DC high voltage power supply is connected between the negative terminal (9) and the positive terminal (10). The DC high voltage power supply applies a strong electric field between the negative terminal (9) and the positive terminal (10). An insulating layer (11) is provided between the outer cylinder (4) and the extrusion screw (5).
2. The high-polymer screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating layer (11) is cylindrical and hollow inside. The extrusion screw (5) is inserted inside the insulating layer (11). The outer cylinder (4) is sleeved on the outside of the insulating layer (11). The insulating layer (11) is made of zirconium oxide ceramic.
3. A high-polymer screw extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A vacuum tube (12) is fixed vertically inside the housing (1), and one end of the vacuum tube (12) away from the housing (1) is inserted into the extrusion screw (5).
4. A high-polymer screw extruder according to claim 3, characterized in that: A heating rod (13) is inserted inside the extrusion screw (5) along its length. One end of the heating rod (13) extends out from the end of the extruder (7), and the end of the extruder (7) is equipped with the corresponding terminal of the heating rod (13).
5. A high-polymer screw extruder according to claim 4, characterized in that: Insulating pads (14) are installed between the left and right ends of the outer cylinder (4) and the extruder (7) and the discharger (8), respectively.
6. A high-polymer screw extruder according to claim 5, characterized in that: An insulating sleeve (15) is installed between the end of the outer cylinder (4) and the fixing plate (3).
7. A high-polymer screw extruder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (4) is fitted with a fixing sleeve (16) around its periphery. There are multiple fixing sleeves (16), and the multiple fixing sleeves (16) are evenly distributed at intervals along the length direction of the outer cylinder (4).
8. A high-polymer screw extruder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (4) and the extruder (7) are connected by an insulating coupling (17).