Modified low-temperature-aging-resistant basalt fiber and preparation method of low-temperature-aging-resistant basalt fiber composite material
By constructing a composite modified layer of silane coupling agent, nanoparticles and elastomer, the problem of insufficient interfacial bonding strength of basalt fiber composite materials under extreme low temperature environment was solved, the long-term stability and low temperature toughness of the material were improved, and the production cost was reduced.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are insufficient to effectively improve the interfacial bonding strength and toughness of basalt fiber composites in extreme low-temperature environments, and the long-term low-temperature stability of the modified layer is inadequate.
A composite modified layer consisting of silane coupling agent, nanoparticles, and elastomer is constructed through impregnation and stepwise curing processes to enhance the interfacial bonding between the fiber and the resin matrix and alleviate internal stress caused by drastic temperature changes.
It significantly improves the interfacial bonding strength and stability of basalt fiber composites at extreme low temperatures, extends the service life of the material, reduces production costs, and meets the stringent requirements of extreme low temperature environments.
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Figure CN121735559A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of basalt fiber modification technology, specifically to a method for preparing low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber modification and its composite materials. Background Technology
[0002] Basalt fiber is a high-performance inorganic fiber made from natural basalt ore through high-temperature melting and drawing. It possesses excellent high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties. Low-temperature aging refers to the degradation of physical and chemical properties of materials due to repeated freeze-thaw cycles or long-term exposure in extreme low-temperature environments (such as -60℃ to -196℃). This is mainly manifested as interfacial debonding, microcrack propagation, and mechanical property decay. The conventional operating temperature range of basalt fiber is -260℃ to 700℃. It has shown a certain degree of stability in low-temperature environments and can be widely used in aerospace, polar engineering, cryogenic storage and transportation, and other fields.
[0003] Existing technologies for improving the low-temperature performance of basalt fiber composites mainly include:
[0004] Silane coupling agent treatment: Silane coupling agents are introduced onto the fiber surface to improve its interfacial bonding with the resin matrix. However, under long-term low-temperature aging conditions, the molecular chains of silane coupling agents are prone to embrittlement and breakage, leading to a significant decrease in interfacial bonding strength.
[0005] Low-temperature plasma treatment: This method uses plasma to bombard the fiber surface, increasing its roughness and the presence of active groups. However, the modification effect is limited to a very thin surface layer, and the active groups are prone to failure under long-term low-temperature conditions, resulting in insufficient durability.
[0006] Nanoparticle coating: Hard coatings such as nano-SiO2 or nano-Al2O3 are applied to the fiber surface to enhance the interface. These coatings have poor toughness at low temperatures, do not match the thermal expansion coefficient of the fiber, and are prone to cracking or even peeling off during freeze-thaw cycles, thus failing to provide long-term protection.
[0007] In summary, existing technologies have the following drawbacks: single modification methods cannot simultaneously achieve strong interfacial bonding and excellent low-temperature toughness; the long-term low-temperature stability of the modified layer is poor; and the thermal stress mismatch between the fiber and the matrix at low temperatures has not been effectively resolved. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a modification method that can impart excellent low-temperature aging resistance to basalt fibers and their composites. Summary of the Invention
[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the insufficient low-temperature aging resistance and poor interfacial bonding stability of the prior art.
[0009] This invention provides the following technical invention: A method for modifying basalt fibers to withstand low-temperature aging, specifically including the following steps:
[0010] Step 1: Basalt fiber pretreatment: Take continuous basalt fibers and immerse them in a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 5%-8% for 30-45 minutes at 40-50℃ to remove the surface textile oil; after treatment, rinse with deionized water until neutral and dry at 80-100℃ for 2-3 hours to obtain pretreated basalt fibers.
[0011] Step 2: Preparation of composite modified liquid: Mix 5%-8% of compound silane coupling agent, 10%-15% of nanoparticle dispersion, 8%-12% of elastomer emulsion and 65%-77% of solvent by mass percentage to obtain composite modified liquid.
[0012] Step 3: Impregnation and curing modification: Immerse the pretreated basalt fiber in the composite modification liquid and impregnate for 20-30 minutes at 25-30℃ and 300-400W ultrasonic power; after removal, pre-dry at 60-70℃ for 1-1.5 hours, and then cure at 120-140℃ for 2-2.5 hours to obtain low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber.
[0013] Preferred technical solution 1: In step 1, the diameter of the single filament of the continuous basalt fiber is 7-13μm, and the tensile strength is ≥3000MPa.
[0014] Preferred technical solution 2: In step 2, the compounded silane coupling agent is prepared by compounding γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH-560) and N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-792) in a mass ratio of 3:1-2:1.
[0015] Preferred technical solution three: In step two, the solid content of the nanoparticle dispersion is 15%-20%, the nano-TiO2 particle size is 20-50nm, and the nano-Al1O3 particle size is 10-30nm, mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1; the solid content of the hydrogenated nitrile rubber latex is 30%-40%, and the glass transition temperature is ≤-60℃; the solvent is ethanol and deionized water mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1-4:1.
[0016] Preferred technical solution four: In step three, the thickness of the modified layer on the fiber surface after curing is 0.8-1.2μm.
[0017] This invention discloses a method for preparing a low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber composite material, which specifically includes the following steps:
[0018] (1) Preparation of modified vinyl resin matrix: By weight, 100 parts of vinyl resin (such as E-51 type) and 8-12 parts of low temperature toughening agent (carboxyl-terminated butadiene nitrile rubber CTBN, Tg=-55℃) are mixed at 60-70℃ for 30 minutes; after cooling to 40℃, 25-30 parts of curing agent (polyetheramine D-230) and 0.5-1 parts of antioxidant (1010) are added and stirred for 15-20 minutes to obtain modified vinyl resin matrix;
[0019] (2) Preparation of prepreg: The low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber and the modified vinyl resin matrix are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1-1.2:1, impregnated at 30-40℃ for 10-15 minutes, and then dried at 50-60℃ for 5-10 minutes to obtain a prepreg with a resin content of 45%-55%.
[0020] (3) Compression molding: After cutting and stacking the prepreg, place it into the mold. Under a pressure of 10-15MPa, preheat at 80-90℃ for 30-40 minutes, then raise the temperature to 120-130℃ and keep it under pressure for 60-90 minutes to cure. After cooling to below 50℃ with the mold, demold to obtain the low-temperature aging basalt fiber composite material.
[0021] After aging at -60℃ for 1000 hours, the composite material exhibits a flexural strength attenuation rate of ≤8% and a tensile strength attenuation rate of ≤6%.
[0022] Low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber composite material prepared using the method described above.
[0023] The above-described low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber composite materials can be used in aerospace, polar engineering, or cryogenic storage and transportation fields.
[0024] The present invention proposes a method for preparing low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber modification and its composite material. The beneficial effects achieved by adopting the above scheme are as follows:
[0025] (1) Excellent resistance to low-temperature aging
[0026] This invention significantly improves the low-temperature stability of the material system by constructing a ternary synergistic composite modification layer of "silane coupling agent-nanoparticle-elastomer". After undergoing 50 freeze-thaw cycles in liquid nitrogen at -196℃, the modified basalt fiber retains over 90% of its monofilament tensile strength, representing a qualitative leap compared to traditional fibers modified with a single silane coupling agent (70%-75%). The composite material reinforced with this fiber exhibits a flexural strength attenuation rate of ≤8% and a tensile strength attenuation rate of ≤6% after 1000 hours of long-term aging at -60℃, demonstrating exceptionally excellent long-term low-temperature aging resistance and fully meeting the stringent requirements of extreme low-temperature environments.
[0027] (2) The interfacial bonding strength and stability are enhanced simultaneously.
[0028] The composite modified layer achieves a dual improvement in interfacial bonding strength and durability through the synergistic effect of multiple components. The compounded silane coupling agent forms multiple chemical bonds with the fiber surface and resin matrix; rigid nanoparticles effectively fill interfacial micro-defects; and the low-temperature elastomer acts as a stress buffer unit, effectively alleviating internal stress caused by drastic temperature changes. This structure enables the composite material to maintain an interfacial shear strength (ILSS) of ≥45MPa even at an extremely low temperature of -196℃, representing a 60%-80% improvement in interfacial performance compared to the unmodified system, fundamentally solving the technical challenge of easy interfacial debonding failure at low temperatures.
[0029] (3) It has strong process applicability and significant cost advantages.
[0030] The modification and composite preparation process described in this invention requires no complex or specialized equipment, and the process is simple and controllable. The ultrasonic impregnation and stepwise curing processes allow for precise control of the thickness and structural consistency of the modified layer; the molding process parameters for the composite material are mild, facilitating stable and mass production. The entire technical solution is highly mature, with a clear industrialization path. Furthermore, replacing carbon fiber with high-performance basalt fiber as the reinforcement reduces the production cost of the final composite product by approximately 30%-40% while meeting the requirements for performance at extreme low temperatures, resulting in significant economic benefits and strong market competitiveness. Attached Figure Description
[0031] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modified vinyl ester resin with different addition amounts in the preparation method of the low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber modified and its composite material proposed in this invention;
[0033] Figure 2 The following are bending test diagrams of the composite material in the method for preparing low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber modified and its composite material proposed in this invention: (a) tensile specimen; (b) prepared specimen.
[0034] Figure 3 The tensile test diagrams of the composite material in the method for preparing low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber modification and its composite material proposed in this invention are shown in ((a) tensile specimen; (b) specimen under load).
[0035] Figure 4The cross-sectional morphology of the composite material after bending test in the method for preparing low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber modification and its composite material proposed in this invention is shown in ((a) is the control group (composite material prepared without modified fiber); (b)(c)(d) are Examples 1, 2 and 3).
[0036] Figure 5 The cross-sectional morphology of the composite material after tensile testing is shown in the preparation method of the low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber modified and its composite material proposed in this invention ((a) is the control group (composite material prepared without modified fiber); (b) is Example 3).
[0037] Figure 6 The bending properties of the composite material after low-temperature aging treatment for different times in the preparation method of the modified basalt fiber and its composite material proposed in this invention are ((a) bending strength; (b) bending modulus; (c) bending strength retention rate; (d) bending modulus retention rate).
[0038] Figure 7 The tensile properties of the composite material after low-temperature aging treatment at different times in the preparation method of the low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber modified and its composite material proposed in this invention are shown in ((a) tensile strength; (b) tensile modulus; (c) tensile strength retention rate; (d) tensile modulus retention rate). Detailed Implementation
[0039] The technologies described below will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0040] Example 1:
[0041] Depend on Figures 1-7 As shown, a method for modifying basalt fibers to withstand low-temperature aging specifically includes the following steps:
[0042] 1. Pretreatment: Take continuous basalt fiber (monofilament diameter 10μm, tensile strength 3200MPa), place it in 7% sodium hydroxide solution, soak at 45℃ for 40min to degrease; rinse with deionized water until pH=7.0, dry at 85℃ for 2.5h to obtain pretreated fiber;
[0043] 2. Preparation of composite modified solution: Weigh 4g of KH-560, 22g of KH-792 (6g of total silane coupling agent), 12g of nano TiO2 / Al2O3 dispersion (18% solid content, 2:1 mass ratio), 10g of HNBR emulsion (35% solid content), and 72g of ethanol / deionized water mixture (3.5:1 volume ratio), and stir evenly to obtain the composite modified solution;
[0044] 3. Impregnation and curing modification: The pretreated fiber is ultrasonically impregnated in the composite modification liquid at 30℃ and 350W for 25min, pre-dried at 65℃ for 1.2h, and cured at 130℃ for 2.2h to obtain modified fiber with a modified layer thickness of 1.0μm.
[0045] The preparation method of low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber composite material specifically includes the following steps:
[0046] 1. Modified vinyl resin matrix: 100g E-51 vinyl resin, 28g D-230 curing agent, 10g CTBN, 0.8g 1010 antioxidant; mix vinyl resin and CTBN at 65℃ for 30min, add curing agent and antioxidant at 40℃, and stir for 20min.
[0047] 2. Prepreg preparation: Modified fiber and matrix are mixed at a mass ratio of 1.1:1, impregnated at 35℃ for 12 min, dried at 55℃ for 8 min, and the resin content is 50%.
[0048] 3. Compression molding: After the prepreg is stacked, it is placed in a mold, preheated at 12MPa pressure and 85℃ for 35 minutes, heated to 125℃ and held for 75 minutes to cure, cooled and demolded to obtain the composite material.
[0049] Example 2
[0050] A method for modifying basalt fibers resistant to low-temperature aging involves changing the silane coupling agent and different fiber / matrix ratios, specifically including the following steps:
[0051] 1. Pretreatment: Take continuous basalt fiber (monofilament diameter 7μm, tensile strength 3000MPa), place it in 5% sodium hydroxide solution, soak at 40℃ for 45min to degrease; rinse with deionized water until pH=6.8, dry at 80℃ for 3h to obtain pretreated fiber.
[0052] 2. Preparation of composite modified liquid: Weigh 4g of KH-560, 22g of KH-792 (6g of total silane coupling agent, mass ratio 2:1), 10g of nano TiO2 / Al2O3 dispersion (solid content 15%, mass ratio 2:1), 8g of HNBR emulsion (solid content 30%), and 76g of ethanol / deionized water mixture (volume ratio 3:1), and stir evenly to obtain composite modified liquid.
[0053] 3. Impregnation modification: The pretreated fiber is ultrasonically impregnated in the composite modification solution at 25℃ for 30 min (power 300W), pre-dried at 60℃ for 1.5 h, and cured at 120℃ for 2.5 h to obtain the modified fiber with a modified layer thickness of 0.8 μm.
[0054] This invention patent discloses a method for preparing a low-temperature aging-resistant basalt fiber composite material, which specifically includes the following steps:
[0055] 1. Modified vinyl resin matrix: 100g E-51 vinyl resin, 25g D-230 curing agent, 8g CTBN, 0.5g 1010 antioxidant; mix vinyl resin and CTBN at 60℃ for 30min, add curing agent and antioxidant at 40℃, and stir for 15min.
[0056] 2. Prepreg preparation: The modified fiber prepared in Example 3 was mixed with the matrix at a mass ratio of 1:1, impregnated at 30°C for 15 min, and dried at 50°C for 10 min, with a resin content of 45%.
[0057] 3. Compression molding: After the prepreg is stacked, it is placed in a mold, preheated at 10MPa pressure and 80℃ for 40 minutes, heated to 120℃ and held for 90 minutes to cure, cooled and demolded to obtain the composite material.
[0058] Example 3
[0059] A method for modifying basalt fibers to withstand low-temperature aging, thereby increasing the nanoparticle content and improving molding performance, specifically includes the following steps:
[0060] 1. Pretreatment: Take continuous basalt fiber (monofilament diameter 13μm, tensile strength 3500MPa), place it in 8% sodium hydroxide solution, soak at 50℃ for 30min to degrease; rinse with deionized water until pH=7.2, dry at 100℃ for 2h to obtain pretreated fiber.
[0061] 2. Preparation of composite modified liquid: Weigh 6g of KH-560, 22g of KH-792 (8g of total silane coupling agent, mass ratio 3:1), 15g of nano TiO2 / Al2O3 dispersion (20% solid content, mass ratio 2:1), 12g of HNBR emulsion (40% solid content), and 65g of ethanol / deionized water mixture (4:1 volume ratio), and stir evenly to obtain composite modified liquid.
[0062] 3. Impregnation modification: The pretreated fiber is ultrasonically impregnated in the composite modification solution at 30℃ for 20 min (power 400W), pre-dried at 70℃ for 1 h, and cured at 140℃ for 2 h to obtain the modified fiber with a modified layer thickness of 1.2 μm.
[0063] This invention patent discloses a method for preparing a low-temperature aging-resistant basalt fiber composite material, which specifically includes the following steps:
[0064] 1. Modified vinyl resin matrix: 100g E-51 vinyl resin, 30g D-230 curing agent, 12g CTBN, 1g 1010 antioxidant; mix vinyl resin and CTBN at 70℃ for 30min, add curing agent and antioxidant at 40℃, and stir for 20min.
[0065] 2. Prepreg preparation: The modified fiber prepared in Example 5 was mixed with the matrix at a mass ratio of 1.2:1, impregnated at 40°C for 10 min, and dried at 60°C for 5 min, with a resin content of 55%.
[0066] 3. Compression molding: After the prepreg is stacked, it is placed in a mold, preheated at 15MPa pressure and 90℃ for 30 minutes, heated to 130℃ and held for 60 minutes to cure, cooled and demolded to obtain the composite material.
[0067] Performance testing
[0068] The modified fibers and their composites from Examples 1, 2, and 3 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are as follows:
[0069]
[0070] like Figure 4 As shown in (a), the interfacial bonding between the fibers and the resin matrix was relatively poor in the control group composite material, with fiber pull-out and fiber detachment observed. Furthermore, the surface of its resin-rich region was observed to be relatively smooth and similar to the bending cross-sectional morphology of the pure resin casting, characteristic of brittle fracture. This indicates that the control group composite material was relatively more susceptible to fiber pull-out damage and had weaker interfacial adhesion. Figure 4 As shown in (b), (c), and (d), in the composite material with added modified fibers and modified resin, although local fiber detachment also exists, the bond between the fiber and the resin matrix becomes tighter, and more resin adheres to the broken fibers. Through testing, it was found that Example 3 has better parameters.
[0071] Figure 5 Figure 1 shows the fracture surface of the composite material after tensile testing, where Figure (a) corresponds to the control group composite material and Figure (b) corresponds to the composite material of Example 3. Both groups of composite samples exhibited fiber pull-out and fiber detachment under tensile load, but the interfacial bonding between the two groups showed significant differences. The control group composite material exposed a large number of fibers after tensile fracture, with resin adhering to the pulled-out fibers, but the separation surface after fiber detachment from the resin matrix was relatively smooth. This observation indicates that BF and resin slipped during the tensile fracture of the composite material, resulting in weak interfacial bonding. In contrast, the composite material using modified fibers and resin showed improved fiber detachment, with more resin adhering to the cross-section of the fractured fibers.
[0072] Figure 6 The figure shows the flexural properties of the composite materials after low-temperature aging for different durations. As shown in the figure, the flexural properties of both groups of composite materials initially decreased, but then recovered somewhat with increasing aging time. For the control group composite material, after 60 days of aging, its flexural strength and flexural modulus were 464.2 MPa and 18.2 GPa, respectively, representing 88.7% and 89.4% of the original values, with a flexural strength reduction rate of 21.3%. The composite material in Example 3 showed better flexural property retention after low-temperature aging. After 60 days of aging, its flexural strength and flexural modulus were 509.4 MPa and 20.5 GPa, respectively, representing 93.5% and 93.7% of the original values, with a flexural strength reduction rate of 6.5%.
[0073] Figure 7 The figure shows the elongation at break of the composite materials after low-temperature aging for different periods. As shown in the figure, the elongation at break of both groups of composite materials gradually deteriorated with the extension of aging time. For the control group composite material, after aging at -60℃ for 60 days, its elongation at break was 5.7%, compared to 81.3% before low-temperature aging, and the tensile strength decreased by 18.7%. For the composite material of Example 3, after aging at -60℃ for 60 days, its elongation at break was 6.0%, compared to 94.8% before low-temperature aging, and the tensile strength decreased by 5.2%. Example 3 showed a better retention rate of elongation at break after low-temperature aging.
[0074] Test results show that the method of the present invention significantly improves the low-temperature aging resistance and interfacial bonding strength of basalt fiber and its composite materials.
[0075] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, material, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, material, or apparatus.
[0076] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A method for modifying basalt fibers to withstand low-temperature aging, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 1: Basalt fiber pretreatment: Take continuous basalt fibers and immerse them in a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 5%-8% for 30-45 minutes at 40-50℃ to remove the surface textile oil; after treatment, rinse with deionized water until neutral and dry at 80-100℃ for 2-3 hours to obtain pretreated basalt fibers. Step 2: Preparation of composite modified liquid: Mix 5%-8% of compound silane coupling agent, 10%-15% of nanoparticle dispersion, 8%-12% of elastomer emulsion and 65%-77% of solvent by mass percentage to obtain composite modified liquid. Step 3: Impregnation and curing modification: Immerse the pretreated basalt fiber in the composite modification liquid and impregnate for 20-30 minutes at 25-30℃ and 300-400W ultrasonic power; after removal, pre-dry at 60-70℃ for 1-1.5 hours, and then cure at 120-140℃ for 2-2.5 hours to obtain low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber.
2. The method for modifying basalt fibers to withstand low-temperature aging according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the diameter of the single filament of the continuous basalt fiber is 7-13 μm, and the tensile strength is ≥3000 MPa.
3. The method for modifying basalt fibers to withstand low-temperature aging according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the compounded silane coupling agent is prepared by compounding γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH-560) and N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-792) in a mass ratio of 3:1 to 2:
1.
4. The method for modifying basalt fibers to withstand low-temperature aging according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the nanoparticle dispersion has a solid content of 15%-20%, nano-TiO2 particles with a diameter of 20-50 nm, and nano-Al2O3 particles with a diameter of 10-30 nm, mixed at a mass ratio of 2:1; the hydrogenated nitrile rubber latex has a solid content of 30%-40% and a glass transition temperature ≤-60℃; the solvent is ethanol and deionized water mixed at a volume ratio of 3:1-4:
1.
5. The method for modifying basalt fibers to withstand low-temperature aging according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the thickness of the modified layer on the fiber surface after curing is 0.8-1.2 μm.
6. A method for preparing a low-temperature aging-resistant basalt fiber composite material, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: (1) Preparation of modified vinyl resin matrix: By weight, 100 parts of vinyl resin and 8-12 parts of low temperature toughening agent are mixed at 60-70℃ for 30 minutes; after cooling to 40℃, 25-30 parts of curing agent and 0.5-1 parts of antioxidant are added and stirred for 15-20 minutes to obtain modified vinyl resin matrix. (2) Preparation of prepreg: The low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber and the modified vinyl resin matrix are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1-1.2:1, impregnated at 30-40℃ for 10-15 minutes, and then dried at 50-60℃ for 5-10 minutes to obtain a prepreg with a resin content of 45%-55%. (3) Compression molding: After cutting and stacking the prepreg, place it into the mold. Under a pressure of 10-15MPa, preheat at 80-90℃ for 30-40 minutes, then raise the temperature to 120-130℃ and keep it under pressure for 60-90 minutes to cure. After cooling to below 50℃ with the mold, demold to obtain the low-temperature aging basalt fiber composite material.
7. The preparation method of low-temperature aging resistant basalt fiber modification according to claim 6, characterized in that, After aging at -60℃ for 1000 hours, the composite material exhibits a flexural strength attenuation rate of ≤8% and a tensile strength attenuation rate of ≤6%.
8. A composite material, characterized in that, Prepared by the method described in any one of claims 6-7.
9. The application of the composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that, The composite material is used in aerospace, polar engineering, or cryogenic storage and transportation.