Thermal insulation packaging film for photovoltaic module and preparation method of thermal insulation packaging film

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, in particular to a thermal insulation packaging film for a photovoltaic module and a preparation method of the thermal insulation packaging film. Comprising the following components in parts by weight: 80 to 100 parts by weight of EVA matrix resin, 0.2 to 1 part by weight of a cross-linking agent, 0.4 to 1 part by weight of an assistant cross-linking agent, 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight of a silane coupling agent, 0.05 to 0.3 part by weight of a functional auxiliary agent, 0.2 to 0.8 part by weight of an antioxidant, 0.05 to 0.3 part by weight of a dispersing agent and 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight of functional filler, and after high-speed mixing, casting and extruding by a single-screw extruder to obtain the heat-insulating packaging adhesive film for the photovoltaic module. The thermal insulation packaging adhesive film for the photovoltaic module has the characteristics of high initial visible light transmittance, excellent thermal insulation performance and excellent aging resistance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, in particular to a heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is a clean energy technology that uses semiconductor photovoltaic devices to directly convert solar energy into electricity. Photovoltaic power generation technology began to develop in the early 20th century and will rapidly rise around 2030. In the future, photovoltaic power generation will be one of the main energy sources. With the continuous progress and breakthroughs in photovoltaic power generation technology around the world, the photovoltaic industry has fully entered the era of parity and low prices. This means that photovoltaic power generation no longer requires government subsidies. However, the development of photovoltaic power generation is still limited by cost. Only by continuously exploring photovoltaic module technology, significantly improving the photovoltaic conversion efficiency, and reducing the cost per kilowatt-hour, can the photovoltaic industry progress and innovate. The key to reducing the cost per kilowatt-hour is to optimize the module materials. Heat insulation packaging film can effectively improve the heat resistance and stability of photovoltaic modules, prolong the service life, thereby reducing the overall operation and maintenance cost, and promoting the sustainable development of the photovoltaic industry.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with application number 202411762412.9 introduces a packaging adhesive film, a preparation method of the packaging adhesive film, and a heterojunction photovoltaic module. The packaging adhesive film includes a support layer and a heat insulation layer combined into one body. The elastic body ensures the sealing effect and impact resistance. The porous structure of aerogel can reduce the deformation of the elastic body, thereby improving the compression performance and sealing effect. The heat insulation property can maintain the low temperature requirement of the heterojunction cell during the packaging process, ensuring the performance of the heterojunction cell. However, the heat insulation layer is very thin, only 0.025-0.1mm. According to the addition amount of 1-10 parts of aerogel, the actual effect provided is much lower than the use requirement.

[0004] For another example, the invention patent with application number 202110123892.4 introduces a preparation method of high-performance PVB heat insulation adhesive film. The adhesive film uses nano-tin antimony oxide as a heat insulation functional additive, which is pretreated by coupling agent and super dispersant, and uniformly dispersed into polyvinyl butyral base resin by ultrasonic dispersion process. It has high infrared reflectivity and visible light transmittance, and excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, and ultraviolet shielding performance. However, the raw material cost of PVB adhesive film is high, the water absorption rate is high, the light transmittance is low, and the processing difficulty is high.

[0005] In summary, it is of great significance to prepare adhesive film with high light transmittance, excellent heat insulation performance, and aging resistance for the actual application of photovoltaic modules. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is: a heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules, comprising the following components by weight: EVA base resin 80-100 parts Crosslinking agent 0.2-1 part Co-crosslinking agent 0.4-1 part Silane coupling agent 0.1-0.5 part Functional additive 0.05-0.3 part Antioxidant 0.2-0.8 part Dispersant 0.05-0.3 part Functional filler 0.1-0.5 part Among them, the functional filler is fluorine-doped antimony tin oxide, which can be uniformly dispersed in the EVA film through the dispersant. The fluorine-doped antimony tin oxide material has a more stable crystal structure, a higher concentration of free electrons, and the strongest near-infrared absorption performance, thereby ensuring the heat insulation performance of the packaging film. The preparation steps of the functional filler are as follows: S1, mix hydrogen peroxide and ethanol to prepare a solution with a mass fraction of 0.5-1%, and stir at 500-1000 r / min for 5-20 min; S2, add tin chloride pentahydrate, anhydrous antimony chloride and ammonium fluoride to the mixed solution of S1, and stir at 1000-1500 r / min for 10-30 min, the molar ratio of tin chloride pentahydrate, anhydrous antimony chloride and ammonium fluoride is 10:1:1.5; S3, add ammonia water dropwise to the mixed solution of S2, adjust the pH to 8-10, and continue to stir for 12-24 h; S4, transfer the mixed solution of S3 to a stainless steel autoclave and react at 220-280℃ for 8-24 h; S5, cool the reaction solution to room temperature, vacuum filter, and dry the filter cake in a drying oven at 40-80℃ for 6-12 h to obtain the functional filler.

[0008] As a further scheme of the present application, the EVA base resin contains 20-33% of vinyl acetate by mass percentage.

[0009] As a further scheme of the present application, the crosslinking agent is one or more of peroxide-2-ethylhexyl carbonate tert-butyl, peroxide (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate tert-amyl, and tert-butyl peroxyl isopropyl carbonate.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present application, the co-crosslinking agent is one or several of triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present application, the silane coupling agent is one or several of vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltris(tert-butylperoxy)silane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, vinyltris(β-methoxyethoxy)silane.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present application, the antioxidant is one or several of B-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid octadecyl ester, tris(4-nonylphenyl) phosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl] phosphite, pentaerythritol diphosphite dioctadecyl ester.

[0013] As a further scheme of the present application, the dispersant is one or several of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

[0014] A preparation method of a heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules, and the specific steps are as follows: after EVA base resin, crosslinking agent, co-crosslinking agent, silane coupling agent, functional additive, antioxidant, dispersant, functional filler are mixed at high speed, the heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules is obtained by casting extrusion through a single screw extruder.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present application has the advantages and positive effects that: 1. The heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules has simple manufacturing process, easy operation, green environmental protection, and is suitable for industrialized production. 2. The heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules has high initial visible light transmittance, excellent heat insulation performance, and excellent aging resistance. Specific Embodiment

[0016] Example 1 The heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules comprises the following components by weight: EVA base resin 80 parts Crosslinking agent 0.2 parts Co-crosslinking agent 0.4 parts Silane coupling agent 0.1 parts Functional additive 0.05 parts Antioxidant 0.2 parts Dispersant 0.05 parts Functional filler 0.1 parts The functional filler is fluorine-doped tin oxide antimony; the preparation steps of the functional filler are as follows: S1, hydrogen peroxide and ethanol are mixed to prepare a solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%, and then stirred at 1000 r / min for 20 min; S2, tin chloride pentahydrate, anhydrous antimony chloride and ammonium fluoride are added to the mixed solution of S1, and stirred at 1500 r / min for 30 min, and the molar ratio of tin chloride pentahydrate, anhydrous antimony chloride and ammonium fluoride is 10:1:1.5; S3, ammonia water is added dropwise to the mixed solution of S2, the pH is adjusted to 10, and the stirring is continued for 24 h; S4, the mixed solution of S3 is transferred to a stainless steel autoclave, and reacted at 280℃ for 24 h; S5, the reaction solution obtained by reaction is cooled to room temperature, vacuum filtration is carried out, the filter cake is placed in a drying box and dried at 80℃ for 12 h to obtain the functional filler.

[0017] The EVA base resin contains 33% of vinyl acetate by mass percentage; the crosslinking agent is peroxide-2-ethylhexyl carbonate tert-butyl; the auxiliary crosslinking agent is triallyl isocyanurate and triallyl cyanurate; the silane coupling agent is vinyl triethoxysilane; the antioxidant is B-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) octadecyl propionate; and the dispersing agent is polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0018] A preparation method of a heat insulation packaging film for a photovoltaic module, and the specific steps are as follows: after the EVA base resin, the crosslinking agent, the auxiliary crosslinking agent, the silane coupling agent, the functional additive, the antioxidant, the dispersing agent and the functional filler are mixed at high speed, the heat insulation packaging film for the photovoltaic module is obtained by casting extrusion through a single screw extruder.

[0019] Example 2 The heat insulation packaging film for the photovoltaic module comprises the following components by weight: EVA base resin 90 parts Crosslinking agent 0.6 parts Auxiliary crosslinking agent 0.7 parts Silane coupling agent 0.3 parts Functional additive 0.18 parts Antioxidant 0.5 parts Dispersing agent 0.18 parts Functional filler 0.3 parts The functional filler is fluorine-doped tin oxide antimony; the preparation steps of the functional filler are as follows: S1, hydrogen peroxide and ethanol are mixed to prepare a solution with a mass fraction of 0.8%, and then stirred at 800 r / min for 12 min; S2, adding tin chloride pentahydrate, anhydrous antimony chloride and ammonium fluoride to the mixed solution of S1, stirring at 1200 r / min for 20 min, and the molar ratio of tin chloride pentahydrate, anhydrous antimony chloride and ammonium fluoride is 10:1:1.5; S3, dropwise adding ammonia water to the mixed solution of S2, adjusting the pH to 9, and continuing to stir for 18 h; S4, transferring the mixed solution of S3 to a stainless steel autoclave and reacting at 250 DEG C for 16 h; S5, after the reaction liquid obtained by reaction is cooled to room temperature, vacuum filtration is carried out, and the filter cake is placed in a drying box and dried at 60 DEG C for 9 h to obtain functional filler.

[0020] Among them, the EVA base resin contains 27% of vinyl acetate by mass percentage; the crosslinking agent is tert-amyl peroxide (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate and tert-butyl peroxide isopropyl formate; the co-crosslinking agent is trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and pentaerythritol triacrylate; the silane coupling agent is vinyl triacetoxy silane and vinyl tri (beta-methoxy ethoxy) silane; the antioxidant is tris (4-nonylphenol) phosphite, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and tris [2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl] phosphite; the dispersing agent is polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol.

[0021] A preparation method of a heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules, and the specific steps are as follows: after the EVA base resin, the crosslinking agent, the co-crosslinking agent, the silane coupling agent, the functional additive, the antioxidant, the dispersing agent and the functional filler are mixed at high speed, the heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules is obtained by casting extrusion through a single screw extruder.

[0022] Example 3 The heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules comprises the following components by weight: EVA base resin 100 parts Crosslinking agent 1 part Co-crosslinking agent 1 part Silane coupling agent 0.5 parts Functional additive 0.3 parts Antioxidant 0.8 parts Dispersing agent 0.3 parts Functional filler 0.5 parts The functional filler is fluorine-doped tin antimony oxide, and the preparation steps of the functional filler are as follows: S1, mixing hydrogen peroxide and ethanol to prepare a solution with a mass fraction of 1%, and stirring at 500 r / min for 5 min; S2, tin chloride pentahydrate, anhydrous antimony chloride and ammonium fluoride were added into the mixed solution of S1, stirred at 1000 r / min for 10 min, and the molar ratio of tin chloride pentahydrate, anhydrous antimony chloride and ammonium fluoride was 10:1:1.5; S3, ammonia water was added dropwise into the mixed solution of S2, the pH was adjusted to 8, and the stirring was continued for 12 h; S4, the mixed solution of S3 was transferred to a stainless steel autoclave and reacted at 220℃ for 8 h; S5, after the reaction solution obtained by reaction was cooled to room temperature, vacuum filtration was carried out, and the filter cake was placed in a drying box and dried at 40℃ for 6 h to obtain the functional filler.

[0023] Among them, the EVA base resin contains 20% of vinyl acetate by mass percentage; the crosslinking agent is tert-butyl peroxide-2-ethylhexyl carbonate, tert-butyl peroxide (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate, tert-butyl peroxide isopropyl methyl carbonate; the co-crosslinking agent is trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate; the silane coupling agent is vinyl triperoxo-tert-butyl silane, vinyl triacetoxy silane, vinyl tri(β-methoxyethoxy) silane; the antioxidant is tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl] phosphite, pentaerythritol di-phosphite dioctadecyl ester; the dispersing agent is polyacrylamide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0024] A preparation method of a heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules, the specific steps are as follows: after the EVA base resin, crosslinking agent, co-crosslinking agent, silane coupling agent, functional additive, antioxidant, dispersing agent and functional filler are mixed at high speed, the single screw extruder is used to cast and extrude to obtain the heat insulation packaging film for photovoltaic modules.

[0025] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 2, the only difference is that the functional filler is not contained in the raw materials.

[0026] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 2, the only difference is that the dispersing agent is not contained in the raw materials.

[0027] The module manufacturing process is as follows: first, the solder wire is welded on the cell to form a cell string, then the film is laid on the solder wire, and finally the conventional film and glass are covered to form a module by laminating. According to GB / T 29848-2018, the visible region transmittance (wavelength 380-1100 nm) of the film and the TC200, high temperature and high humidity aging performance (DH) of the module are tested. The heat insulation performance is tested by a self-built device: the module is irradiated by a high temperature lamp, and the attenuation ratio of the module power at 60℃ is tested.

[0028] Table 1 is the performance test of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 As shown in Table 1, the heat insulation packaging adhesive film for photovoltaic module prepared by the application has the characteristics of high initial visible light transmittance, excellent heat insulation performance and aging resistance.

[0029] Although the specific embodiments of the application are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are only illustrative, and various changes or modifications can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the application, and the protection scope of the application is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A heat-sealable encapsulant film for photovoltaic modules, characterized by: The following components by weight are included: EVA base resin 80-100 parts Crosslinking agent 0.2-1 part Co-crosslinking agent 0.4-1 part Silane coupling agent 0.1-0.5 part Functional additive 0.05-0.3 part Antioxidant 0.2-0.8 part Dispersant 0.05-0.3 part Functional filler 0.1-0.5 part; The functional filler is fluorine-doped tin oxide antimony; the preparation steps of the functional filler are as follows: S1, mix hydrogen peroxide and ethanol to prepare a solution with a mass fraction of 0.5-1%, and stir at 500-1000 r / min for 5-20 min; S2, add tin chloride pentahydrate, anhydrous antimony chloride and ammonium fluoride to the mixed solution of S1, and stir at 1000-1500 r / min for 10-30 min, the molar ratio of tin chloride pentahydrate, anhydrous antimony chloride and ammonium fluoride being 10:1:1.5; S3, add ammonia water drop by drop to the mixed solution of S2, adjust the pH to 8-10, and continue to stir for 12-24 h; S4, transfer the mixed solution of S3 to a stainless steel autoclave, and react at 220-280℃ for 8-24 h; S5, cool the reaction solution obtained by reaction to room temperature, vacuum filter, and dry the filter cake in a drying oven at 40-80℃ for 6-12 h to obtain the functional filler.

2. The encapsulant film for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized by: The EVA base resin contains 20-33% of vinyl acetate by mass percentage.

3. The encapsulant film for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized by: The crosslinking agent is one or more of peroxide-2-ethylhexyl tert-butyl carbonate, peroxide (2-ethylhexyl) tert-amyl carbonate, and tert-butyl peroxy isopropyl carbonate.

4. The encapsulant film for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized by: The co-crosslinking agent is one or more of triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, and pentaerythritol triacrylate.

5. The encapsulant film of claim 1, wherein the encapsulant film is characterized by: The silane coupling agent is one or more of vinyl triethoxysilane, vinyl trimethoxysilane, vinyl triperoxo-tert-butylsilane, vinyl triacetoxy silane, and vinyl tri(β-methoxyethoxy)silane.

6. The encapsulant film of claim 1, wherein the encapsulant film is characterized by: The antioxidant is one or more of B-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) octadecyl propionate, tris(4-nonylphenyl) phosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl] phosphite, and pentaerythritol di-phosphite dioctadecyl ester.

7. The encapsulant film of claim 1, wherein the encapsulant film is characterized by: The dispersant is one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

8. The method of claim 1-7, wherein the method is characterized by: The specific steps are as follows: after high-speed mixing of the EVA base resin, crosslinking agent, co-crosslinking agent, silane coupling agent, functional additive, antioxidant, dispersant, and functional filler, the mixture is extruded by a single-screw extruder to obtain a heat-insulating packaging film for photovoltaic modules.

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