Fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning, relates to the technical field of fire situation assessment, and solves the technical problems that in the prior art, active and passive fire prevention facility performance detection lacks linkage analysis with a fire risk area, and the blocking and control effect of facilities on fire spreading cannot be accurately judged. Specifically, the system plans a fire identification unit, a building characteristic analysis unit, an active and passive fire prevention detection unit, a hiding analysis unit and an assistant analysis unit to work cooperatively through a fire situation evaluation platform, a full-dimension, dynamic and precise high-rise building fire situation evaluation system is constructed, all the units are clear in division of labor and linked layer by layer, and the system is high in reliability and high in reliability. And a complete closed loop from risk identification, track pre-judgment, performance detection to special risk investigation and prevention and control strategy optimization is formed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fire situation assessment, in particular to a fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, high-rise buildings have become the focus and difficulty of fire prevention and control due to their high floors, complex structures, high population density, and difficult evacuation. With the acceleration of urbanization, the number of high-rise buildings continues to rise, and their internal functions are diversified (such as commercial, residential, and office integration), with dense pipelines and electrical equipment, resulting in an increase in fire hazards, fast fire spread, and difficulty in controlling the fire.

[0003] The existing high-rise building fire early warning and situation assessment technology has many shortcomings:

[0004] Situation assessment often ignores the influence of building inherent characteristics (such as material ignition point and clutter accumulation) on fire spread, resulting in a large deviation between fire trajectory prediction and actual situation;

[0005] Performance detection of active and passive fire prevention facilities lacks linkage analysis with fire risk areas, and cannot accurately judge the blocking and control effect of facilities on fire spread;

[0006] There is insufficient fire risk investigation of hidden areas such as pipe wells and cable wells. Due to the special space closure and air circulation, fire easily spreads and is difficult to detect in the early stage;

[0007] There is a lack of fire risk analysis of power distribution boxes, power supply rooms, and other auxiliary areas. Arc light caused by power facility failure can easily intensify fire spread, but it is not included in the situation assessment system.

[0008] In view of the above technical defects, a solution is proposed. SUMMARY

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to propose a fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning.

[0010] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0011] The fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning comprises a fire situation assessment platform, wherein the fire situation assessment platform is communicatively connected with:

[0012] A fire identification unit identifies fire in a high-rise building, and determines a non-fire area set and a fire risk area based on fire identification;

[0013] The building characteristic analysis unit performs characteristic analysis on high-rise buildings, identifies risk points based on the characteristic analysis, and determines fixed risk areas and floating risk areas.

[0014] The active and passive fire protection detection unit performs active and passive fire protection detection on areas of high-rise buildings, and divides the areas according to the performance of active and passive fire protection detection to determine the areas with low active and passive fire protection efficiency and the areas with high active and passive fire protection efficiency.

[0015] The fire situation assessment platform determines the preset movement trajectory of the fire based on the area type; the concealment analysis unit performs concealment analysis on the current preset movement trajectory of the fire.

[0016] The auxiliary analysis unit performs auxiliary analysis on the current fire preset trajectory;

[0017] Fire situation assessment is conducted based on concealment analysis and auxiliary analysis.

[0018] Furthermore, the process of the fire detection unit is as follows:

[0019] Collect sensor data, determine the sensor distribution points, obtain sensor data at each distribution point, and record the numerical fluctuation curve of the sensor data.

[0020] When the numerical fluctuation curve is within the set baseline range, the area where the current distribution point is located is marked as a safe area, and the fluctuation slope of the numerical fluctuation curve is recorded to construct the fluctuation slope span; the numerical fluctuation curve is continuously monitored.

[0021] When the numerical fluctuation curve exceeds the set baseline range, the peak value of the sensor data corresponding to the current distribution point is obtained. At the same time, taking the current time as the midpoint, the slope of the curve is collected for the time periods before and after the midpoint, and the slope peak value is extracted to obtain the slope peak value of the previous time period and the slope peak value of the subsequent time period, and the slope peak value difference is obtained.

[0022] If the peak value of the sensor data corresponding to the current distribution point exceeds the set peak value, or the slope-peak difference exceeds the peak difference threshold, then the area where the distribution point is located is set as a fire risk area; if the peak value of the sensor data corresponding to the current distribution point is not exceeded the set peak value, and the slope-peak difference exceeds the peak difference threshold, then the area where the current distribution point is located is set as a low-risk area, and together with the safe area, a fire-free area set is constructed.

[0023] Furthermore, the process for the building characteristic analysis unit is as follows:

[0024] The high-rise building area is divided into several sub-regions. The ignition point of the high-rise building materials in each sub-region is obtained. The ignition point valley value in the current high-rise building area is obtained by comparing the ignition points. The sub-regions corresponding to the ignition point valley values ​​are marked as fixed risk areas. Based on the location of the sub-regions, the ratio of the area occupied by the debris accumulation in each sub-region to the area of ​​the corresponding sub-region is obtained. The ignition point of the debris accumulation in each sub-region is compared with the area value. The ignition point of the debris accumulation is compared with the ignition point safety threshold. The sub-regions where the debris accumulation is below the ignition point safety threshold are marked as floating risk areas.

[0025] Furthermore, the process of the active and passive fire detection unit is as follows:

[0026] The system acquires the ignition point deviation for each sub-region and sets a deviation threshold. When the ignition point deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, the corresponding sub-region is marked as an isolation region. The average area of ​​the continuous interval areas of the isolation region is obtained based on the distribution of the sub-regions. Simultaneously, the system acquires the overlap area between the active fire suppression system sprinkler coverage area and the regional ignition point area within each sub-region. If the average area of ​​the continuous interval areas of the isolation region does not exceed the set average area threshold, or if the overlap area between the active fire suppression system sprinkler coverage area and the regional ignition point area within the sub-region does not exceed the overlap area threshold, the corresponding sub-region is marked as an inefficient active / passive fire prevention region. If the average area of ​​the continuous interval areas of the isolation region exceeds the set average area threshold, and the overlap area between the active fire suppression system sprinkler coverage area and the regional ignition point area within the sub-region exceeds the overlap area threshold, the corresponding sub-region is marked as an efficient active / passive fire prevention region.

[0027] Furthermore, after receiving the types of each sub-area, the fire situation assessment platform determines the triggering of fire warnings based on the fire risk areas, and determines the density of low-risk areas in each direction based on the fire risk areas to determine the preset fire movement trajectory. Combining the preset fire movement trajectory, it extracts the types of each sub-area within the trajectory. After determining the preset fire movement trajectory, it determines the fire situation out-of-control level based on the actual situation spread speed of the sub-area corresponding to the preset fire movement trajectory. That is, if the situation spread speed exceeds the set speed threshold, it is marked as an inherently uncontrollable level, meaning that the fire prevention system in conjunction with the high-rise building cannot stop the spread of the fire. If the situation spread speed does not exceed the set speed threshold, it is marked as an inherently controllable level.

[0028] Furthermore, the process of the hidden analysis unit is as follows:

[0029] Based on the current fire trajectory, determine the sub-regions covered by the trajectory and uniformly mark the sub-regions as the fire area; extract the area based on the fire area, identify the hidden areas within the fire area and complete the extraction, where the hidden areas are represented by the pipe wells and cable wells of the fire area;

[0030] The temperature rise rate of the hidden area and the temperature rise rate of the area outside the hidden area in the fire area are obtained, and the temperature rise rate difference is calculated based on the difference and marked as the hidden temperature rise parameter; at the same time, the air circulation speed of the hidden area and the air circulation speed of the area outside the hidden area in the fire area are obtained, and the spread speed difference is calculated based on the difference and marked as the hidden spread parameter.

[0031] Based on the current fire concealment trajectory, extract the concealed temperature rise parameters and concealed spread parameters of the corresponding area, and attach the corresponding timestamps. Construct concealed temperature rise parameter curves and concealed spread parameter curves based on the timestamps.

[0032] Furthermore, the synchronous overlap time when the slopes of the hidden temperature rise parameter curve and the hidden spread parameter curve are in an increasing trend is collected. At the same time, the peak value of the increase at any time corresponding to the hidden temperature rise parameter curve and the hidden spread parameter curve is obtained. The peak value of the increase is dedimensionalized, and the value of the peak value of the increase is extracted and summed to obtain the sum of the peak values ​​of the increase.

[0033] If the synchronous overlap duration of the curve slope in an increasing trend exceeds the synchronous overlap duration threshold, or the peak increase exceeds the peak and threshold, a hidden risk signal is generated and sent to the fire situation assessment platform; if the synchronous overlap duration of the curve slope in an increasing trend does not exceed the synchronous overlap duration threshold, and the peak increase does not exceed the peak and threshold, a hidden safety signal is generated and sent to the fire situation assessment platform.

[0034] Furthermore, the process of adding auxiliary analysis units is as follows:

[0035] The system acquires the auxiliary area within the fire area, where the auxiliary area refers to the area where the distribution box is located, the power supply and distribution room, etc. During the fire's preset trajectory spread stage, the system acquires the shortening stage of the distance between the real-time position of the fire's preset trajectory and the corresponding auxiliary area. During the distance shortening stage, the system acquires the instantaneous increase span of the arc intensity corresponding to the power facilities within the auxiliary area, and at the same time, the system acquires the arc duration corresponding to the power facilities within the auxiliary area.

[0036] If the instantaneous increase in arc intensity corresponding to power facilities within the aided area continues to increase, or if the duration of arc light corresponding to power facilities within the aided area shows a continuous increasing trend, an aid risk signal will be generated. If the instantaneous increase in arc intensity corresponding to power facilities within the aided area does not continue to increase, and the duration of arc light corresponding to power facilities within the aided area does not show a continuous increasing trend, an aid stability signal will be generated and sent to the fire situation assessment platform.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] 1. The fire detection unit collects sensor data such as temperature and smoke concentration inside high-rise buildings and combines it with multi-dimensional feature analysis such as numerical fluctuation curves, slope changes, and peak differences. This breaks through the limitations of traditional single threshold identification and significantly improves the accuracy of fire risk identification. It can accurately distinguish between fire risk areas, low-risk areas, and safe areas, effectively reducing false alarms and missed alarms. Especially in the early stages of a fire when data fluctuations are weak, it can promptly capture fire hazards through features such as slope and peak differences.

[0039] 2. The building characteristic analysis unit can accurately locate key points in high-rise buildings where fires are prone to spread, providing basic data that fits the actual building for fire trajectory prediction, greatly improving the rationality and accuracy of trajectory prediction; combined with the barrel effect to determine the lowest ignition point of accumulated debris, it fully considers the fire hazard characteristics of mixed accumulation of debris, and can comprehensively investigate potential risk points, avoiding the omission of risks due to the judgment of the ignition point of a single debris.

[0040] 3. The active and passive fire protection detection unit can accurately distinguish between high-efficiency and low-efficiency active and passive fire protection areas, clarify the fire protection capabilities of each sub-area, and provide accurate regional positioning basis for fire spread control; through the collaborative analysis of multiple indicators such as ignition point deviation, barrier zone interval, and sprinkler coverage overlap area, it comprehensively evaluates the actual effect of active and passive fire protection facilities, breaking through the one-sidedness of traditional single-indicator evaluation; it considers the actual performance status of active and passive fire protection facilities (such as barrier effect and sprinkler coverage effectiveness), providing data support for the maintenance and optimization of fire protection facilities, and improving the overall fire protection capability of high-rise buildings.

[0041] 4. The concealment analysis unit can comprehensively identify fire risks in concealed areas such as pipe wells and cable wells, breaking through the limitations of traditional assessments that neglect concealed areas and filling the gap in concealed risk investigation. By constructing concealed temperature rise parameter curves and concealed spread parameter curves, it can achieve dynamic monitoring of the risk status of concealed areas and promptly capture the hidden characteristics of fire spread in concealed areas. It judges concealed risks based on synchronous overlap duration, peak value, and threshold, and adjusts the fire situation out-of-control level accordingly to ensure that fire early warning and prevention strategies can adapt to the escalating trend of concealed risks and avoid fire out of control due to undetected concealed risks. It improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of fire situation assessment, provides more complete risk information for fire emergency response, and ensures that emergency measures can cover all risk areas.

[0042] 5. The accretion analysis unit can accurately define accretion zones and assess their accretion risk level, filling the gap in traditional assessments that neglect the accretion risk of areas such as power facilities. By capturing the shortening phase of the distance between the fire's preset trajectory and the accretion zone, and monitoring changes in arc intensity and duration in real time, it can promptly predict the accretion zone's role in intensifying the fire. Based on the risk level, it generates accretion risk or stabilization signals, and coordinates the implementation of measures such as power control and optimization of prevention and control nodes, adjusting the fire situation out-of-control level to ensure timely containment of fire escalation caused by accretion zones, thus improving the targeting and initiative of fire prevention and control. By incorporating accretion zones into the fire situation assessment system, the assessment process becomes more complete, providing a more comprehensive decision-making basis for fire emergency response and minimizing losses caused by accretion risks. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Fig. 1 This is a system principle block diagram of the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 2 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0048] Please see Figs. 1-2 As shown, the fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning includes a fire situation assessment platform, which is connected to a fire identification unit, a building characteristic analysis unit, an active and passive fire prevention detection unit, a concealment analysis unit, and an auxiliary analysis unit.

[0049] The fire situation assessment platform generates a fire identification signal and sends it to the fire identification unit; after receiving the fire identification signal, the fire identification unit performs fire identification on the high-rise building.

[0050] Sensor data is collected from the building area using a sensor network installed within the high-rise building. The sensor data includes temperature and smoke concentration. Based on the sensor distribution points within the sensor network, sensor data is acquired at each distribution point, and the numerical fluctuation curves of the sensor data are recorded.

[0051] When the numerical floating curve is within the set baseline range, the area where the current distribution point is located is marked as a safe area, and the floating slope of the numerical floating curve is recorded to construct the floating slope span. The numerical floating curve is continuously monitored. When the numerical floating curve exceeds the set baseline range, the peak value of the sensor data corresponding to the area where the current distribution point is located is obtained. At the same time, taking the current time as the midpoint, the curve slope is collected for the time periods before and after the midpoint, and the slope peak value is extracted to obtain the slope peak value of the previous time period and the slope peak value of the subsequent time period, and the slope peak value difference is obtained.

[0052] If the peak value of the sensor data corresponding to the current distribution point exceeds the set peak value, or the slope-peak difference exceeds the peak difference threshold, it is inferred that there is a fire risk in the current distribution point area and it is set as a fire risk area; if the peak value of the sensor data corresponding to the current distribution point area does not exceed the set peak value, and the slope-peak difference exceeds the peak difference threshold, it is inferred that there is no fire risk in the current distribution point area and it is set as a low-risk area, and a fire-free area set is constructed with the safe area.

[0053] Send the fire-free areas and fire-risk areas together to the fire situation assessment platform;

[0054] It can be explained that the fire detection unit data processing requires a threshold, the origin of which and the method of obtaining it are as follows:

[0055] Sensor data setting baseline:

[0056] Origin: Based on relevant national standards for fire prevention and control in high-rise buildings (such as the "Code for Design of Fire Alarm Systems in Buildings"), and combined with the normal environmental parameter ranges (temperature, smoke concentration) of different areas (such as bedrooms, kitchens, and equipment floors), the baseline is determined to ensure that it can cover normal environmental fluctuations and promptly detect anomalies in the early stages of a fire.

[0057] Acquisition method: First, collect historical normal environmental data for each area of ​​the target high-rise building (collect continuously for 3-6 months, covering different seasons and time periods). After removing extreme abnormal data, calculate the average value and standard deviation. Use the average value ± 2 times the standard deviation as the initial baseline. Then, combine the initial fire data of similar high-rise buildings for verification, adjust the upper and lower limits of the baseline, and finally determine the set baseline suitable for the target building.

[0058] Sensor data set peak value:

[0059] Origin: Based on the critical values ​​of temperature and smoke concentration in the initial and development stages of a fire, and referring to the key values ​​for triggering early warning of fire spread risk in fire rescue practice, the peak setting can accurately distinguish between fire risk and low risk.

[0060] Acquisition method: Collect temperature and smoke concentration data at different stages from similar high-rise building fire cases at home and abroad, extract the lowest value at the time of fire confirmation as the initial peak value; combine the building materials, space size, ventilation conditions and other factors of the target building, verify through numerical simulation (such as FDS fire simulation software), adjust the peak value, and finally determine the set peak value.

[0061] Slope peak difference threshold:

[0062] Origin: Based on the abrupt change characteristics of the slope of the fluctuating curve in the early stage of a fire, combined with the slope change range in low-risk conditions (such as interference from non-fire factors), the threshold is designed to ensure that the threshold can distinguish between slope abrupt changes caused by fire and slope changes caused by normal fluctuations.

[0063] Acquisition method: Collect sensor data curves of non-fire abnormal scenarios (such as kitchen fumes and equipment heat dissipation) in various areas of the target building, and calculate the slope peak difference range; use 1.5 times the maximum value of this range as the initial threshold, and optimize it in combination with fire simulation data to finally determine the slope peak difference threshold.

[0064] After receiving data from various types of areas, the fire situation assessment platform generates building characteristic analysis signals and sends them to the building characteristic analysis unit.

[0065] After receiving the building characteristic analysis signal, the building characteristic analysis unit performs characteristic analysis on the high-rise building and identifies risk points based on the characteristic analysis in order to predict the fire trajectory.

[0066] The high-rise building area is divided into several sub-areas. The ignition point of the high-rise building materials in each sub-area is obtained. The ignition point valley value in the current high-rise building area is obtained by comparing the ignition points. The sub-area corresponding to the ignition point valley value is marked as a fixed risk area.

[0067] Based on the location of the sub-region, obtain the ratio of the area occupied by the debris accumulation in each sub-region to the area of ​​the corresponding sub-region, and compare the ignition point of the debris accumulation in each sub-region based on the area comparison. It should be noted that the ignition point is inferred based on the type of debris material; and the lowest ignition point of the debris accumulation is used as the standard according to the barrel effect; the ignition point of the debris accumulation is compared with the ignition point safety threshold, and the sub-region where the debris accumulation is below the ignition point safety threshold is marked as a floating risk area.

[0068] It can be explained that the data processing of the building characteristic analysis unit requires the use of thresholds, the origin of which and the method of obtaining them are as follows:

[0069] Flash point safety threshold:

[0070] Origin: Based on the ignition point safety standards for building materials and common miscellaneous items, and combined with the fire prevention and control requirements for high-rise buildings, this ensures that the threshold can accurately determine whether there is a fire hazard due to the ignition point of accumulated miscellaneous items.

[0071] Acquisition method: Based on national standards such as "Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products", the standard values ​​of ignition points of various building materials and common debris (paper, plastic, wood, etc.) are determined; combined with the materials actually used in the target building and the types of common accumulated debris, the minimum safe values ​​of the ignition points of various debris are extracted as initial thresholds; through on-site combustion tests, the thresholds are adjusted to adapt to the target building scenario, and the final ignition point safety threshold is determined.

[0072] Area ratio threshold:

[0073] Origin: Based on the impact of the area occupied by accumulated debris on the spread of fire, and referring to the safety standards for debris accumulation in fire inspections, the threshold is designed to ensure that a small amount of safe accumulation is distinguished from excessive dangerous accumulation.

[0074] Acquisition method: Collect the inspection standards of fire departments for the accumulation of debris in high-rise buildings (such as the area occupied by debris not exceeding 5% of the sub-area area) as the initial threshold; combine the functions of the target building sub-area (such as storage room, corridor), analyze the fire spread speed under different area ratios through fire simulation, optimize the threshold value, and finally determine the area ratio threshold.

[0075] The fire situation assessment platform generates active and passive fire prevention detection signals and sends them to the active and passive fire prevention detection unit. After receiving the active and passive fire prevention detection signals, the active and passive fire prevention detection unit performs active and passive fire prevention detection on the high-rise building area and divides the area according to the active and passive fire prevention detection performance to facilitate fire situation assessment.

[0076] Obtain the ignition point deviation corresponding to each sub-region and set a deviation threshold. When the ignition point deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, the corresponding sub-region is marked as a barrier region. The average area of ​​the continuous interval region of the barrier region is obtained based on the distribution of the sub-regions.

[0077] Simultaneously, the overlapping area between the active fire suppression system sprinkler coverage area and the regional fire point area in each sub-region is obtained. It should be noted that the regional fire point area is represented as the corresponding building material area or the area where debris is piled up.

[0078] If the average area of ​​the continuous interval area of ​​the barrier does not exceed the set average area threshold, or the overlapping area of ​​the active fire suppression system sprinkler coverage area and the area of ​​the fire point in the sub-region does not exceed the overlapping area threshold, then the corresponding sub-region will be marked as an active-passive inefficient fire protection area.

[0079] If the average area of ​​consecutive interval areas of the barrier zone exceeds the set average area threshold, and the overlap area between the active fire suppression system spray coverage area and the fire point area in the sub-region exceeds the overlap area threshold, then the corresponding sub-region will be marked as an active-passive high-efficiency fire prevention zone.

[0080] It can be explained that the data processing of the active and passive fire detection units requires thresholds, the origin of which and the method of obtaining them are as follows:

[0081] Ignition point deviation threshold:

[0082] Origin: Based on the fire performance requirements of active and passive fire protection facilities (such as fire-retardant coatings and fire doors), and combined with the normal fluctuation range of the ignition point of building materials, the threshold is used to ensure that the ignition point deviation of a sub-area exceeds the safe range, thereby marking the isolation area.

[0083] Acquisition method: Collect actual ignition point data of building materials in each sub-area of ​​the target building, calculate the average value and fluctuation range; refer to the fire protection efficiency standards of fire protection facilities (such as fire-retardant coatings can increase the ignition point of materials by 20%), determine the safe range of ignition point deviation, and use the maximum value of the safe range as the ignition point deviation threshold.

[0084] Threshold for mean area of ​​consecutive interval regions:

[0085] Origin: Based on the fire compartment design standards and the effective blocking area requirements of the barrier facilities, the threshold is used to ensure that the threshold can determine whether the continuous intervals of the barrier area have the ability to effectively block the spread of fire.

[0086] Acquisition method: Referencing the minimum area requirements for fire compartments in the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings", and combining the structural layout of the target building (such as wall spacing and stairwell distribution), the fire blocking effect under different average area intervals is calculated through numerical simulation; the minimum average area that can effectively block the spread of fire is used as the initial threshold, and the final threshold is determined after on-site verification and adjustment.

[0087] Overlap area threshold:

[0088] Origin: Based on the fire extinguishing efficiency requirements of active fire suppression systems (sprinkler systems) and combined with the coverage requirements of regional fire points, the threshold is designed to ensure that the sprinkler coverage can effectively control the fire at regional fire points.

[0089] Acquisition method: Based on the coverage area and fire extinguishing intensity standards of the sprinkler system in the "Design Code for Automatic Sprinkler Systems", calculate the minimum coverage area of ​​the fire point area in each sub-area of ​​the target building; use 80% of the minimum coverage area as the initial overlap area threshold (to ensure coverage effectiveness), and optimize it in combination with the actual performance test data of the sprinkler system to finally determine the overlap area threshold.

[0090] After receiving the various sub-area types, the fire situation assessment platform determines the trigger for a fire warning based on the fire risk area, and determines the density of low-risk areas in each direction based on the fire risk area to determine the fire's preset movement trajectory. Combining the fire's preset movement trajectory, it extracts the types of sub-areas within the trajectory, specifically fixed risk areas, floating risk areas, inefficient active and passive fire prevention areas, and efficient active and passive fire prevention areas. The fire's preset movement trajectory is adjusted according to the area type. It should be noted that when setting the trajectory based on the area type, multiple types of trajectories can be set, and trajectories can be deleted or added according to the fire's development trend.

[0091] After the fire situation assessment platform determines the preset fire movement trajectory, it determines the fire situation out-of-control level based on the actual situation spread speed of the sub-area corresponding to the preset fire movement trajectory. That is, if the situation spread speed exceeds the set speed threshold, it is marked as an inherently uncontrollable level, meaning that the fire protection system in cooperation with the high-rise building cannot stop the fire from spreading. If the situation spread speed does not exceed the set speed threshold, it is marked as an inherently controllable level.

[0092] After determining the level of fire situation out of control, a targeted early warning is issued, and a concealment analysis signal is generated and sent to the concealment analysis unit.

[0093] After receiving the concealment analysis signal, the concealment analysis unit performs concealment analysis on the current fire preset movement trajectory, so as to make more accurate fire early warning during fire situation assessment, improve the accuracy of assessment, and further improve the targeted nature of prevention and control.

[0094] Based on the current fire trajectory, the sub-regions covered by the trajectory are determined, and the sub-regions are uniformly marked as fire areas. It should be noted that the fire trajectory is updated in real time according to the real-time spread trend, and subsequent fire trajectory analysis is based on the real-time updated trajectory for regional data collection and analysis.

[0095] Based on the fire area, region extraction is performed, and hidden areas within the fire area are identified and extracted. Hidden areas are represented by areas such as pipe wells and cable wells within the fire area.

[0096] The temperature rise rate of the hidden area and the temperature rise rate of the area outside the hidden area in the fire area are obtained, and the temperature rise rate difference is calculated based on the difference and marked as the hidden temperature rise parameter; at the same time, the air circulation speed of the hidden area and the air circulation speed of the area outside the hidden area in the fire area are obtained, and the spread speed difference is calculated based on the difference and marked as the hidden spread parameter.

[0097] Based on the current hidden fire trajectory, extract the hidden temperature rise parameters and hidden spread parameters of the corresponding area, and attach the corresponding timestamps. Construct hidden temperature rise parameter curves and hidden spread parameter curves based on the timestamps.

[0098] The synchronous overlap time when the slopes of the hidden temperature rise parameter curve and the hidden spread parameter curve are in an increasing trend is collected. At the same time, the peak value of the increase at any time corresponding to the hidden temperature rise parameter curve and the hidden spread parameter curve is obtained. The peak value of the increase is dedimensionalized, and the value of the peak value of the increase is extracted and summed to obtain the sum of the peak values ​​of the increase.

[0099] If the synchronous overlap duration of the curve slope in an increasing trend exceeds the synchronous overlap duration threshold, or if the peak value of the increase exceeds the peak value and threshold, it is inferred that the current fire preset trajectory has hidden characteristics. A hidden risk signal is then generated and sent to the fire situation assessment platform. After receiving the signal, the fire situation assessment platform adjusts the fire situation out-of-control level of the current fire preset trajectory. If the current trajectory is inherently controllable, it is changed to inherently uncontrollable. If the current trajectory is inherently uncontrollable, the priority of the fire prevention and control area is increased, specifically by adjusting the order or advancing the control time.

[0100] If the synchronous overlap duration of the curve slope in an increasing trend does not exceed the synchronous overlap duration threshold, and the peak value of the increase does not exceed the peak value and threshold, it is inferred that the current fire preset trajectory does not have any hidden nature. Then, a hidden safety signal is generated and sent to the fire situation assessment platform. After receiving it, the fire situation assessment platform maintains the current fire situation out of control level.

[0101] It can be explained that the data processing of the hidden analysis unit requires a threshold, the origin of which and the method of obtaining it are as follows:

[0102] Synchronization overlap duration threshold:

[0103] Origin: Based on the concealed nature of fire spread in hidden areas, and combined with the time window from the initial stage to the development stage of a fire, the threshold is designed to ensure that the risk in hidden areas will rapidly escalate and spread the fire.

[0104] Acquisition method: Collect fire cases in hidden areas (pipe shafts, cable shafts) of high-rise buildings, and extract time data from the initial appearance of risk to the fire breaking through the hidden area; use 1 / 2 of this time data as the initial synchronous overlap time threshold (to reserve sufficient early warning and prevention time); combine the space size and ventilation conditions of the hidden area of ​​the target building, adjust through simulation experiments, and finally determine the threshold.

[0105] Peak and threshold:

[0106] Origin: Based on the impact of the peak increases of hidden temperature rise parameters and hidden spread parameters on fire spread, combined with the fire risk level classification standards for hidden areas, the threshold can accurately determine whether hidden risks exist.

[0107] Acquisition method: Conduct simulated fire tests on each hidden area of ​​the target building, and collect the peak values ​​of hidden temperature rise parameters and hidden spread parameters under different risk levels; perform statistical analysis on the dimensionless peak values ​​and extract the risk level critical values ​​as initial thresholds; combine historical case data for verification and optimization, and finally determine the peak values ​​and thresholds.

[0108] Simultaneously, an auxiliary analysis signal is generated and sent to the auxiliary analysis unit;

[0109] After receiving the auxiliary analysis signal, the auxiliary analysis unit performs auxiliary analysis on the current fire preset trajectory;

[0110] The system acquires the auxiliary area within the fire area, where the auxiliary area refers to the area where the distribution box is located, the power supply and distribution room, etc. During the fire's preset trajectory spread stage, the system acquires the shortening stage of the distance between the real-time position of the fire's preset trajectory and the corresponding auxiliary area. During the distance shortening stage, the system acquires the instantaneous increase span of the arc intensity corresponding to the power facilities within the auxiliary area, and at the same time, the system acquires the arc duration corresponding to the power facilities within the auxiliary area.

[0111] If the arc intensity corresponding to the power facilities in the reinforcement area increases instantaneously and the span continues to increase, or if the duration of the arc corresponding to the power facilities in the reinforcement area is on a continuous increasing trend, it is inferred that the fire reinforcement risk in the reinforcement area is high during the current shortening interval phase. A reinforcement risk signal is generated and sent to the fire situation assessment platform. After receiving the signal, the fire situation assessment platform marks all reinforcement areas within the preset trajectory according to the fire preset trajectory, performs power control on the reinforcement areas, and upgrades the current fire situation out-of-control level.

[0112] If the instantaneous increase in arc intensity of power facilities within the reinforcement area does not continue to increase, and the duration of arc intensity of power facilities within the reinforcement area does not show a continuous increasing trend, it is inferred that the risk of fire reinforcement in the reinforcement area is low during the current shortening interval phase. A reinforcement stabilization signal is generated and sent to the fire situation assessment platform. After receiving the signal, the fire situation assessment platform will use the reinforcement area as a fire control node for fire control, while maintaining the current fire situation out of control level.

[0113] It can be explained that while the auxiliary analysis unit does not have explicitly named thresholds for data processing, the origin and acquisition method of the critical thresholds for the core judgment criteria (instantaneous increase in arc intensity with continuous increase in span, and continuous increase in arc duration) are as follows:

[0114] The instantaneous increase in arc intensity across the critical span:

[0115] Origin: Referencing the arc light intensity standards during normal operation and faults (caused by fire) of power facilities, to ensure that the threshold can distinguish between normal arc light fluctuations and abnormal arc light changes caused by fire.

[0116] Acquisition method: Collect arc light intensity data of power facilities (distribution boxes, cables) in the target building's auxiliary area when they are working normally, and calculate the maximum instantaneous increase in span; use twice this maximum value as the initial critical value (to avoid misjudgment of normal fluctuations); combine the arc light intensity change data of power facilities when they are on fire in the fire simulation test, adjust the critical value, and finally determine the judgment standard critical value of the instantaneous increase in arc light intensity span.

[0117] Arc duration critical value:

[0118] Origin: Based on the continuous characteristics of arc light after a fire causes a power facility failure, combined with the time point when the risk of combustion increases, the threshold is designed to ensure that the continued arc light will exacerbate the spread of the fire.

[0119] Data Acquisition Method: Through fire simulation experiments, the correlation data between the duration of arcing after the power facilities in the assisted area are burned and the speed of fire spread is recorded; the duration of arcing when the fire begins to spread rapidly is extracted as the initial critical value; the critical value is adjusted by combining actual fire case data for verification, and finally the critical value for judging the continuous increase of arcing duration is determined.

[0120] Thresholds, preset values, preset ranges, etc. are set for result comparison and analysis to determine whether they are good or bad. The value of these thresholds is determined by a combination of large-scale model analysis of sample data and human experience. They can also be adjusted appropriately based on seasonal or common-sense influences.

[0121] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning, characterized in that, This includes a fire situation assessment platform, whose communication connections include: The fire identification unit identifies fires in high-rise buildings and determines the set of fire-free areas and fire-risk areas based on the fire identification. The building characteristic analysis unit performs characteristic analysis on high-rise buildings, identifies risk points based on the characteristic analysis, and determines fixed risk areas and floating risk areas. The active and passive fire protection detection unit performs active and passive fire protection detection on areas of high-rise buildings, and divides the areas according to the performance of active and passive fire protection detection to determine the areas with low active and passive fire protection efficiency and the areas with high active and passive fire protection efficiency. The fire situation assessment platform determines the preset movement trajectory of the fire based on the area type. The concealment analysis unit performs concealment analysis on the current fire's preset movement trajectory. The auxiliary analysis unit performs auxiliary analysis on the current fire preset trajectory; Fire situation assessment is conducted based on concealment analysis and auxiliary analysis.

2. The fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of the fire detection unit is as follows: Collect sensor data, determine the sensor distribution points, obtain sensor data at each distribution point, and record the numerical fluctuation curve of the sensor data. When the numerical fluctuation curve is within the set baseline range, the area where the current distribution point is located is marked as a safe area, and the fluctuation slope of the numerical fluctuation curve is recorded to construct the fluctuation slope span; the numerical fluctuation curve is continuously monitored. When the numerical fluctuation curve exceeds the set baseline range, the peak value of the sensor data corresponding to the current distribution point is obtained. At the same time, taking the current time as the midpoint, the slope of the curve is collected for the time periods before and after the midpoint, and the slope peak value is extracted to obtain the slope peak value of the previous time period and the slope peak value of the subsequent time period, and the slope peak value difference is obtained. If the peak value of the sensor data corresponding to the current distribution point exceeds the set peak value, or the slope-peak difference exceeds the peak difference threshold, then the area where the distribution point is located is set as a fire risk area; if the peak value of the sensor data corresponding to the current distribution point is not exceeded the set peak value, and the slope-peak difference exceeds the peak difference threshold, then the area where the current distribution point is located is set as a low-risk area, and together with the safe area, a fire-free area set is constructed.

3. The fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process for analyzing building characteristics is as follows: The high-rise building area is divided into several sub-regions. The ignition point of the high-rise building materials in each sub-region is obtained. The ignition point valley value in the current high-rise building area is obtained by comparing the ignition points. The sub-regions corresponding to the ignition point valley values ​​are marked as fixed risk areas. Based on the location of the sub-regions, the ratio of the area occupied by the debris accumulation in each sub-region to the area of ​​the corresponding sub-region is obtained. The ignition point of the debris accumulation in each sub-region is compared with the area value. The ignition point of the debris accumulation is compared with the ignition point safety threshold. The sub-regions where the debris accumulation is below the ignition point safety threshold are marked as floating risk areas.

4. The fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of the active and passive fire detection unit is as follows: The ignition point deviation of each sub-region is obtained, and a deviation threshold is set. If the ignition point deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, the corresponding sub-region is marked as an isolation region. The average area of ​​the continuous interval area of ​​the isolation region is obtained according to the distribution of the sub-regions. At the same time, the overlap area between the active fire suppression system sprinkler coverage area and the area ignition point area in each sub-region is obtained. If the average area of ​​the continuous interval area of ​​the isolation region does not exceed the set average area threshold, or the overlap area between the active fire suppression system sprinkler coverage area and the area ignition point area in the sub-region does not exceed the overlap area threshold, the corresponding sub-region is marked as an inefficient active-passive fire prevention area. If the average area of ​​consecutive intervals in the barrier zone exceeds the set average area threshold, and the overlap area between the active fire suppression system sprinkler coverage area and the fire point area in the sub-region exceeds the overlap area threshold, then the corresponding sub-region will be marked as an active-passive high-efficiency fire prevention zone.

5. The fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning according to claim 4, characterized in that, After receiving the information from each sub-area, the fire situation assessment platform determines the triggering of a fire warning based on the fire risk area, and determines the density of low-risk areas in each direction based on the fire risk area to determine the fire's preset movement trajectory. Based on the fire's preset movement trajectory, it extracts the sub-area types within the trajectory. After determining the fire's preset movement trajectory, it determines the fire situation out-of-control level based on the actual spread speed of the sub-area corresponding to the fire's preset movement trajectory. That is, if the spread speed exceeds the set speed threshold, it is marked as an inherently uncontrollable level, meaning that the fire prevention system in conjunction with the high-rise building cannot stop the spread of the fire. If the spread speed does not exceed the set speed threshold, it is marked as an inherently controllable level.

6. The fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of hidden element analysis is as follows: Based on the current fire trajectory, determine the sub-regions covered by the trajectory and uniformly mark the sub-regions as the fire area; extract the area based on the fire area, identify the hidden areas within the fire area and complete the extraction, where the hidden areas are represented by the pipe wells and cable wells of the fire area; The temperature rise rate of the hidden area and the temperature rise rate of the area outside the hidden area in the fire area are obtained, and the temperature rise rate difference is calculated based on the difference and marked as the hidden temperature rise parameter; at the same time, the air circulation speed of the hidden area and the air circulation speed of the area outside the hidden area in the fire area are obtained, and the spread speed difference is calculated based on the difference and marked as the hidden spread parameter. Based on the current fire concealment trajectory, extract the concealed temperature rise parameters and concealed spread parameters of the corresponding area, and attach the corresponding timestamps. Construct concealed temperature rise parameter curves and concealed spread parameter curves based on the timestamps.

7. The fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning according to claim 6, characterized in that, The synchronous overlap time when the slopes of the hidden temperature rise parameter curve and the hidden spread parameter curve are in an increasing trend is collected. At the same time, the peak value of the increase at any time corresponding to the hidden temperature rise parameter curve and the hidden spread parameter curve is obtained. The peak value of the increase is dedimensionalized, and the value of the peak value of the increase is extracted and summed to obtain the sum of the peak values ​​of the increase. If the synchronous overlap duration of the curve slope in an increasing trend exceeds the synchronous overlap duration threshold, or the peak increase exceeds the peak and threshold, a hidden risk signal is generated and sent to the fire situation assessment platform; if the synchronous overlap duration of the curve slope in an increasing trend does not exceed the synchronous overlap duration threshold, and the peak increase does not exceed the peak and threshold, a hidden safety signal is generated and sent to the fire situation assessment platform.

8. The fire situation assessment system based on high-rise building fire early warning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of adding auxiliary analysis units is as follows: Get the auxiliary area within the fire area, where the auxiliary area refers to the area where the power distribution box is located and the power supply and distribution room; during the fire preset trajectory spread stage, get the shortening stage of the distance between the real-time position of the fire preset trajectory and the corresponding auxiliary area, and during the distance shortening stage, get the instantaneous increase span of the arc intensity corresponding to the power facilities in the auxiliary area, and at the same time get the arc duration corresponding to the power facilities in the auxiliary area. If the arc intensity of the power facilities in the aided area increases instantaneously and the span continues to increase, or if the duration of the arc corresponding to the power facilities in the aided area shows a continuous increasing trend, an aid risk signal will be generated. If the instantaneous increase in arc intensity corresponding to power facilities within the reinforcement area does not continue to increase, and the duration of arc intensity corresponding to power facilities within the reinforcement area does not show a continuous increasing trend, then a reinforcement stabilization signal is generated and sent to the fire situation assessment platform.

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