Method and device for evaluating high-quality, high-yield and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level of rice and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice high-quality high-yield efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment method and device and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of rice nitrogen application level assessment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the index data of rice under different nitrogen application amounts, the index data including the rice yield, the nitrogen fertilizer agronomic utilization rate and the rice quality; constructing a comprehensive evaluation model containing the index data based on an analytic hierarchy process, and determining a weight value of each index in the comprehensive evaluation model; calculating a comprehensive evaluation value of the rice according to the weight value; and according to the comprehensive evaluation value, determining the optimal nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield and efficient cooperation of the rice. The high-quality, high-yield and high-efficiency performance of the rice is comprehensively evaluated by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, so that scientific and reasonable nitrogen application guidance is provided for rice planting, the nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved while the rice yield and quality are guaranteed, nitrogen fertilizer waste and environmental pollution are reduced, and high-quality, high-yield and high-efficiency collaborative development of rice planting is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nitrogen application level assessment technology for rice, and in particular to a method, device and storage medium for assessing the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield and efficient rice. Background Technology

[0002] Rice is a vital food crop in my country, and its stable production is crucial for ensuring national food security. With the transformation of agricultural development towards high quality and high efficiency, synergistically improving rice yield, rice quality, and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency has become a core objective of modern rice cultivation. Nitrogen is a key nutrient element for rice growth and development, and its supply level directly affects rice physiological metabolism, growth and development, yield, and quality formation. The effects of nitrogen application rate on key indicators of rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency, and rice quality are not synergistic but rather contradictory and subject to trade-offs. Pursuing high yield, high-quality processing, and superior appearance may lead to low nitrogen fertilizer utilization and deterioration of taste. However, excessive nitrogen fertilizer application is a common problem in current rice production, which not only fails to further increase yield but also leads to decreased rice taste and quality, low nitrogen fertilizer utilization, and increased risks of non-point source pollution. Therefore, systematically exploring the comprehensive regulatory effect of nitrogen application rate on rice yield, quality, and nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, and identifying the appropriate nitrogen application rate that can synergistically achieve high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice production, has significant theoretical value and practical guiding significance for promoting green and high-quality rice development and ensuring food and ecological security.

[0003] Current approaches primarily focus on the yield-increasing effect of nitrogen fertilizer, clarifying the general rule that yield responds parabolically to the increase in nitrogen application rate. This indicates the existence of an optimal nitrogen application level threshold for maximizing yield. However, the research results are mostly focused on optimizing a single objective, and there are still significant limitations in their application. They are difficult to directly provide solutions for nitrogen fertilizer management in production that is guided by multi-objective synergy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to provide a method, device and storage medium for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield and efficient rice, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to simultaneously improve rice yield, rice quality and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation. The method includes: The data on rice under different nitrogen application rates were obtained, including rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality. A comprehensive evaluation model containing the index data is constructed based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the weight values ​​of each index in the comprehensive evaluation model are determined. The comprehensive evaluation value of rice is calculated based on the weight values. The optimal nitrogen application level for high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation was determined based on the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0006] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining index data of rice under different nitrogen application rates includes: Multiple field trial groups with different nitrogen application rates were set up; The yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality of rice under different nitrogen application rates were determined in field test groups. The rice quality included processing quality, appearance quality, and eating quality. The rice index data are obtained based on the yield, the agronomical utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, and the rice quality.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining index data of rice under different nitrogen application rates includes: Multiple field trial groups with different nitrogen application rates were set up; The yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality of rice under different nitrogen application rates were determined in field test groups. The rice quality included processing quality, appearance quality, and eating quality. The rice index data are obtained based on the yield, the agronomical utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, and the rice quality.

[0008] In one embodiment, the step of setting up multiple field trial groups with different nitrogen application rates includes: Nitrogen application gradients were set up for each field test group, wherein the nitrogen application gradients, from smallest to largest, included the first nitrogen application rate, the second nitrogen application rate, the third nitrogen application rate, the fourth nitrogen application rate, the fifth nitrogen application rate, and the sixth nitrogen application rate, with the first nitrogen application rate serving as a blank control; The nitrogen application rate is divided according to a preset ratio to obtain the proportional nitrogen application rate; For each field test group, nitrogen was applied repeatedly a predetermined number of times within a predetermined time period at the corresponding nitrogen application rate.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of determining the yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality of rice in the field trial groups with different nitrogen application rates includes: During the rice ripening period, a predetermined number of rice plants were harvested in field test groups with different nitrogen application rates. The plants were then threshed, cleaned, dried, and weighed to obtain their weight. The yield of rice is obtained by converting the weighed weight using a preset conversion method; The nitrogen fertilizer application rate and yield in the nitrogen-applied area were obtained in the field test group, and the yield in the nitrogen-free area was also obtained. The agronomic utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in rice is calculated based on the yield in the nitrogen-applied area, the yield in the nitrogen-free area, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied. The rice was naturally air-dried and then stored under preset environmental conditions. The head rice rate, chalkiness, and overall taste value of the rice were measured. The processing quality is obtained based on the head rice yield, the appearance quality is obtained based on the chalkiness, and the taste quality is obtained based on the overall taste value.

[0010] In one embodiment, the step of constructing a comprehensive evaluation model containing the indicator data based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and determining the weight values ​​of each indicator in the comprehensive evaluation model includes: An evaluation target and indicator system is constructed based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The evaluation target and indicator system includes a target layer, a criterion layer, and an indicator layer. The target layer is a collaborative evaluation of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice. The criterion layer includes yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality. The indicator layer includes yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, head rice rate, chalkiness, and comprehensive eating taste value. Based on the evaluation objectives and indicator system, a comprehensive evaluation model containing the indicator data is obtained; Based on the comprehensive evaluation model, a judgment matrix is ​​constructed, and the weight value of each evaluation indicator in each judgment matrix is ​​determined.

[0011] In one embodiment, the step of constructing a judgment matrix based on the comprehensive evaluation model and determining the weight value of each evaluation index in each judgment matrix includes: Compare the elements at each level in the comprehensive evaluation model; At the target layer, the importance of high yield, high quality, and high efficiency to the overall target is compared, and a judgment matrix of the criterion layer to the target layer is constructed based on the comparison results. Under the target layer, the relative importance of the head rice rate, chalkiness, and overall taste value is compared to construct a judgment matrix of the index layer on the criterion layer; The judgment matrices are processed to determine the weight values ​​of each evaluation index in each judgment matrix.

[0012] In one embodiment, the step of processing each judgment matrix to determine the weight value of each evaluation index in each judgment matrix includes: Normalize each column in each judgment matrix to obtain normalized values; The normalized values ​​are summed from each row to obtain the sum of the normalized values; The sum of the normalized values ​​is normalized to obtain the weight values ​​of each evaluation index.

[0013] In one embodiment, the step of calculating the comprehensive evaluation value of rice based on the weight values ​​includes: The evaluation indicators in the indicator data are mapped to corresponding scores according to the normalization method to obtain the evaluation indicator scores. The comprehensive evaluation value of rice is calculated based on the scores of the evaluation indicators and the weight values.

[0014] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a device for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation, the device comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire index data of rice under different nitrogen application treatments. The index data includes rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality. A construction module is used to construct a comprehensive evaluation model containing the indicator data based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and to determine the weight values ​​of each indicator in the comprehensive evaluation model. The calculation module is used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of rice based on the weight values; The determination module is used to determine the optimal nitrogen application level for high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice cultivation based on the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0015] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a device for evaluating the level of synergistic nitrogen application for high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation. The device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The computer program is configured to implement the steps of the method for evaluating the level of synergistic nitrogen application for high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation as described above.

[0016] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for evaluating the level of synergistic nitrogen application for high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation as described above.

[0017] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for evaluating the level of synergistic nitrogen application for high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation as described above.

[0018] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects: 1) This embodiment innovatively introduces the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to construct a comprehensive evaluation model aimed at quantifying the synergistic optimization of "high quality, high yield, and high efficiency" in rice. As an effective multi-criteria decision-making tool, AHP's advantage lies in its ability to organically combine the decision-maker's professional experience with objective data. By constructing a hierarchical structure model and judgment matrix, abstract objectives are transformed into a concrete and quantifiable indicator system, and the weights of each indicator are scientifically determined. In addition, to eliminate the influence of dimensions, this study uses a normalization method when quantifying evaluation indicators, mapping the original data to the corresponding intervals, effectively eliminating the influence of differences in the units and magnitudes of different indicators, making the comprehensive evaluation results more scientific and comparable.

[0019] 2) By setting up experimental groups with different nitrogen application rates, the impact of different nitrogen application rates on rice growth can be effectively evaluated. By measuring rice yield, the effects of different nitrogen application rates on rice growth status and final output can be studied, allowing for the identification of the optimal nitrogen application strategy to improve rice yield and promote sustainable agricultural development. Empirical data on the relationship between rice nitrogen application rate and yield and quality are provided, strengthening the foundation of theoretical research and promoting the development of related disciplines. Reasonable nitrogen application rates can not only improve rice yield and quality but also reduce negative environmental impacts. Field trial results based on different nitrogen application rates can provide a scientific basis for farmland management, guiding farmers to develop precise fertilization plans and improve the management level of agricultural production.

[0020] 3) By establishing a hierarchical evaluation system—namely, the target layer, the criterion layer, and the indicator layer—the production performance of rice can be systematically evaluated. This helps to more comprehensively consider various factors affecting rice yield and quality, thereby improving the scientific rigor and accuracy of the evaluation. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to construct a judgment matrix, the weight values ​​of each evaluation indicator can be objectively determined based on expert opinions and actual data. This weight allocation, supported by experience and data, reduces subjectivity and enhances the credibility of the evaluation results. Through multi-factor comparisons at the target and criterion layers, the impact of various indicators on the overall performance of rice can be deeply understood, helping to identify the most important evaluation indicators and thus optimize production management in a targeted manner. At the indicator layer, analyzing and comparing specific indicators such as head rice rate, chalkiness, and overall eating quality value reveals the priority among different quality indicators, guiding farmers to focus on improving specific indicators in actual production to achieve higher rice quality. The constructed comprehensive evaluation model provides a scientific basis for agricultural decision-making. Decision-makers can formulate more effective fertilization and management plans based on the weights and evaluation results derived from the model, optimizing resource allocation and improving rice yield and quality. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating Example 1 of the method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation in this application. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the average monthly temperature and rainfall during the rice growing season in two locations, provided as an embodiment of the method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield and efficient rice in this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the impact of nitrogen application rates in different ecological zones on yield and agronomic efficiency, provided as an embodiment of the method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice in this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the impact of nitrogen application rates in different ecological zones on rice quality, as provided in an embodiment of the method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice in this application. Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating Example 2 of the method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation in this application. Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating Example 3 of the method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation in this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the rice high-quality, high-yield, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the method for evaluating the level of synergistic nitrogen application for high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice in the embodiments of this application.

[0024] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0025] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0026] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0027] While existing technologies employ methods such as principal component analysis and neural networks for comprehensive evaluation, their application effectiveness and universality are often limited due to differences in methodological characteristics and parameter selection. For example, although principal component analysis can reduce the influence of correlation between evaluation indicators to improve objectivity, the variance contribution rate of the extracted principal components is usually difficult to reach 100%, which may lead to information loss.

[0028] This application provides a solution that overcomes the limitations of the aforementioned methods by introducing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to construct a comprehensive evaluation model. This model decomposes the complex problem into multiple levels, including an objective layer, a criterion layer, and an indicator layer. The objective layer focuses on the synergistic evaluation of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice production; the criterion layer covers three core elements: yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality; the indicator layer further refines these into specific indicators such as yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, head rice rate, chalkiness, and overall eating quality. By constructing a judgment matrix, the model can scientifically determine the weight values ​​of each indicator, thereby achieving a systematic evaluation of rice production performance. Furthermore, to eliminate the influence of dimensions, this study uses a normalization method to quantify the evaluation indicators, ensuring the scientific validity and comparability of the comprehensive evaluation results.

[0029] It should be noted that the executing entity in this embodiment can be a computing service device with data processing, network communication, and program execution functions, such as a tablet computer, personal computer, or mobile phone, or an electronic device capable of performing the above functions, such as a rice high-quality, high-yield, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device. The following description uses a rice high-quality, high-yield, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device as an example to illustrate this embodiment and the subsequent embodiments.

[0030] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level for high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation according to this application.

[0031] In this embodiment, the method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice includes steps S10 to S40: Step S10: Obtain index data of rice under different nitrogen application rates, including rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality.

[0032] It should be noted that nitrogen fertilizer application is one of the key cultivation measures for regulating rice growth and development, significantly affecting yield, nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency, and rice quality. In terms of yield, rice yield exhibits a parabolic trend with increasing nitrogen application, initially increasing and then decreasing, with an optimal nitrogen application threshold. Regarding nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency, the efficiency decreases significantly with increasing nitrogen application. As for rice quality, nitrogen application exhibits a "dual effect," improving processing and appearance quality while significantly deteriorating eating quality. This trade-off between traits highlights the complexity of multi-objective synergy. The impact of nitrogen application on key indicators of rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency, and rice quality is not synergistic but rather contradictory and involves trade-offs. Pursuing high yield, high-quality processing, and excellent appearance may lead to low nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and deteriorated eating quality. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation method that can coordinate multiple conflicting objectives is urgently needed.

[0033] Therefore, this embodiment systematically explores the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on the yield, nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency, and rice quality of hybrid indica rice varieties “Yixiangyou 2115” and “Fyou 498” through field experiments in two typical ecological rice areas, Guiyang and Meitan. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to comprehensively evaluate the performance of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice.

[0034] In practice, the specific data for rice include yield data, covering the actual harvest weight of rice per unit area under different nitrogen application rates, accurate to grams per square meter, to accurately reflect the impact of nitrogen application on yield; nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate data, calculated by accurately measuring the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied and the corresponding rice yield in nitrogen-approved areas, while also obtaining the yield in nitrogen-free areas, based on a specific calculation formula, in kilograms per kilogram, to reflect the efficiency of rice in utilizing nitrogen fertilizer; and rice quality-related data, including head rice rate data, which is obtained after the rice has been naturally air-dried. After being stored for a certain period of time under pre-set stable environmental conditions, the data is obtained through professional equipment and presented as a percentage, reflecting the processing quality of rice. The chalkiness data is also obtained under the above storage conditions, using professional instruments to measure the proportion of chalky part of the rice to the whole grain, expressed as a percentage, reflecting the appearance quality of rice. The comprehensive taste value data is obtained by professional evaluators based on established taste evaluation standards, comprehensively scoring the rice's taste, aroma, and other aspects. The scoring range is set within a specific range to measure the taste quality of rice.

[0035] In one feasible implementation, step S10 may include steps A11 to A13: Step A11: Set up multiple field trial groups with different nitrogen application rates; Understandably, the field trials were conducted in 2021 in typical rice-growing areas of Guizhou Province—Guiyang (26°41′N, 106°66′E) and Meitan (27°85′N, 107°58′E)—with rapeseed as the preceding crop. The soil type at the Guiyang site was yellow soil, and the physicochemical properties of the topsoil layer (0-20 cm) were: organic matter 13.9 g kg / cm³. -1 Total nitrogen 1.20 g kg -1 Alkaline nitrogen uptake: 86.7 mg / kg -1 Available phosphorus 32.8 mg / kg -1 87.7 mg / kg of readily available potassium -1 The soil at the Meitan site is gleyed paddy soil, with organic matter content of 28.6 g / kg. -1 Total nitrogen 1.60 g kg -1 Alkaline nitrogen hydrolysis 136 mg kg -1 10.5 mg / kg of readily available phosphorus -1 107 mg / kg of readily available potassium -1 The average monthly temperature and rainfall during the rice growing season in the two regions are as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0036] In one feasible implementation, step A11 may include: setting nitrogen application rate gradients for each field test group, wherein the nitrogen application rate gradients, from smallest to largest, include a first nitrogen application rate, a second nitrogen application rate, a third nitrogen application rate, a fourth nitrogen application rate, a fifth nitrogen application rate, and a sixth nitrogen application rate, wherein the first nitrogen application rate is a blank control; dividing each nitrogen application rate according to a preset ratio to obtain a proportional nitrogen application rate; and performing repeated nitrogen application a preset number of times for each field test group within a preset time period using the corresponding proportional nitrogen application rate.

[0037] Understandably, the main high-quality hybrid indica rice varieties Yixiangyou 2115 and Fyou 498 were selected as the test rice varieties. Each field test group adopted a randomized block design and set multiple different nitrogen application gradients, specifically including the first nitrogen application rate of 0, the second nitrogen application rate of 90 (N1), the third nitrogen application rate of 120 (N2), the fourth nitrogen application rate of 150 (N3), the fifth nitrogen application rate of 180 (N4), and the sixth nitrogen application rate of 210 (N5) kg ha. -1 .

[0038] Specifically, the first nitrogen application rate was 0, meaning the first nitrogen application rate was a blank control.

[0039] Understandably, the preset ratio is 4:3:3 for basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and panicle fertilizer, with three applications per field test group. Specifically, each field test group covers an area of ​​25 square meters. Each field is stubbled and covered with plastic film, with single irrigation and single-row management to prevent cross-contamination of fertilizer and water. Sowing was on April 10th, and manual transplanting was on May 15th, with a planting spacing of 20 cm × 30 cm and double seedlings per plant. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied in a 4:3:3 ratio: basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and panicle fertilizer. Basal fertilizer was applied 1 day before transplanting, tillering fertilizer 7 days after transplanting, and panicle fertilizer at the fourth leaf from the top. 75 kg ha⁻¹ of pure phosphorus was applied as a single basal fertilizer application, and 150 kg ha⁻¹ of pure potassium was applied in equal amounts to the basal and panicle fertilizers. From transplanting to the effective tillering stage, maintain a shallow water layer in the field; when the number of tillers in the field reaches 80% of the expected number of panicles, drain the field and leave it dry until there is no water layer in the high-yield furrows before resuming irrigation. This shallow water management continues until the jointing stage; from jointing to one week before rice maturity, use a light-dry-wet alternating irrigation method. Pest, disease, and weed management should be carried out according to local high-yield cultivation practices.

[0040] Step A12: Determine the yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality of rice under each nitrogen application rate in the field test group. The rice quality includes processing quality, appearance quality, and eating quality. Understandably, the yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality of rice under each nitrogen application rate field test group can be measured separately. Rice quality specifically covers three important aspects: processing quality, appearance quality, and eating quality.

[0041] In one feasible implementation, step A12 may include: during the rice's maturity period, harvesting a predetermined number of rice plants from field test groups with different nitrogen application rates, threshing, removing impurities, and drying them, and then weighing them to obtain the weight; converting the weight into the rice yield using a predetermined conversion method; obtaining the nitrogen fertilizer application rate and yield of the nitrogen-application area under the field test groups with different nitrogen application rates, and obtaining the yield of the nitrogen-free area; calculating the agronomical utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in the rice based on the yield of the nitrogen-application area, the yield of the nitrogen-free area, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied; naturally air-drying the rice and storing it under predetermined environmental conditions, and measuring the head rice rate, chalkiness, and overall taste value of the rice; obtaining the processing quality based on the head rice rate, the appearance quality based on the chalkiness, and the taste quality based on the overall taste value.

[0042] It should be noted that the yield determination specifically includes: in the rice maturity area, 100 rice plants were harvested in each field test group with different nitrogen application rates. The preset quantity was 100. The rice plants were threshed, cleaned, dried, and weighed to obtain the weight. The actual yield, i.e., the rice yield, was calculated based on the weight and a moisture content of 13.5%.

[0043] It should be noted that the nitrogen fertilizer application rate and yield of the nitrogen-applied area can be obtained separately for the field test groups, and the yield of the nitrogen-free area can also be obtained, so as to calculate the agronomical utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in rice, as shown in the following formula: Nitrogen fertilizer agronomic utilization rate (kg kg) -1 = (Yield in nitrogen-fertilized area - Yield in nitrogen-free area) / Nitrogen fertilizer application rate For the quality determination of rice, the People's Republic of China National Standard GB / T17891-2017 High-Quality Rice can be used as a reference. Specifically, the harvested rice can be naturally air-dried and stored for a certain period of time under preset environmental conditions, namely, 3 months of storage at room temperature, in dry and dark conditions. Then, the processing quality, appearance quality and comprehensive taste value are measured. The processing quality is the head rice rate, the appearance quality is the chalkiness, and the taste quality is the comprehensive taste value.

[0044] When determining yield, it is essential to accurately measure the actual harvest weight of rice per unit area under different nitrogen application rates, accurate to the gram per square meter, to clearly demonstrate the impact of nitrogen application rate on yield. For determining nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization efficiency, it is necessary to accurately measure the nitrogen fertilizer application rate and the corresponding rice yield in the nitrogen-application area. Step A13: Obtain rice index data based on the yield, the agronomical utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, and the rice quality.

[0045] In practical implementation, data related to yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality can be integrated and summarized to obtain complete and accurate rice indicator data. This data will serve as a crucial basis for the subsequent construction and calculation of the comprehensive evaluation model, ensuring that the evaluation results accurately and objectively reflect the comprehensive performance of rice in terms of quality, high yield, and high efficiency under different nitrogen application treatments. Accurately obtaining this data provides solid data support for subsequent comprehensive evaluation based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), thereby providing a scientific and reasonable reference for optimizing and adjusting nitrogen application levels in rice production, and contributing to the goal of achieving coordinated development of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice production.

[0046] Step S20: Construct a comprehensive evaluation model containing the indicator data based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and determine the weight values ​​of each indicator in the comprehensive evaluation model.

[0047] It should be noted that the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a method of decomposing complex problems into multiple levels. Specifically, an AHP can be used to first construct a comprehensive evaluation model, and then a judgment matrix can be constructed using this model to determine the weight values ​​of each indicator. In this embodiment, a hierarchical structure is first constructed, decomposing the problem of coordinated evaluation of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice into a target layer, a criterion layer, and an indicator layer. The target layer is the coordinated evaluation of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice; the criterion layer includes three core elements: yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality; the indicator layer is further refined into specific indicators such as yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, head rice rate, chalkiness, and overall palatability. Then, each indicator is compared pairwise to construct a judgment matrix. By calculating the largest eigenvalue of the judgment matrix and its corresponding eigenvector, the weight values ​​of each indicator are determined. These weight values ​​reflect the importance of each indicator in the comprehensive evaluation, providing a scientific basis for subsequent comprehensive evaluation.

[0048] Step S30: Calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of rice based on the weight values.

[0049] In practice, after obtaining the weight values ​​of each evaluation indicator, the comprehensive evaluation value of rice can be calculated based on the scores of each evaluation indicator and their corresponding weight values. The higher the comprehensive evaluation value, the better the synergistic optimization of high quality, high yield, and high efficiency in the field experiment group.

[0050] Step S40: Determine the optimal nitrogen application level for high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation based on the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0051] In practice, statistical software can be used to analyze the data from the field experiment groups and perform graphical analysis. Specifically, for example... Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3This diagram illustrates the impact of nitrogen application rates on yield and agronomic efficiency in different ecological zones. Nitrogen application rates significantly affected rice yield and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency in both ecological zones. With increasing nitrogen application rates, rice yields at both the Guiyang and Meitan ecological sites increased significantly. At the Guiyang ecological site, N2, N3, and N4 treatments significantly increased yields by 5.80-7.10%, 12.2-14.1%, and 16.7-18.2% compared to N1, respectively. N5 treatment decreased yields by 2.25-5.05% compared to N4 treatment, but this was not statistically significant. At the Meitan ecological site, N2, N3, and N4 treatments significantly increased yields by 3.76-6.08%, 11.1-13.5%, and 15.4-17.4% compared to N1 treatment, respectively. N5 treatment decreased yields by 1.07-4.24% compared to N4 treatment, but this was not statistically significant. Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency decreased significantly with increasing nitrogen application rate. At the Guiyang ecosite, the agronomical utilization rates of treatments N2, N3, N4, and N5 were significantly lower than those of treatment N1 by 4.68-10.6%, 7.74-15.7%, 15.3-22.4%, and 31.8-41.9%, respectively. At the Meitan ecosite, the agronomical utilization rates of treatments N2, N3, N4, and N5 were significantly lower than those of treatment N1 by 7.64-15.7%, 9.24-18.1%, 16.9-24.8%, and 30.8-42.4%, respectively. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the impact of nitrogen application rates on rice quality in different ecological zones, based on... Figure 4It can be seen that the amount of nitrogen applied in both ecological zones has a significant impact on the processing quality, appearance quality, and eating quality of rice. The processing quality increases significantly with the increase of nitrogen application. In the Guiyang ecological zone, the head rice rate of the N2, N3, N4, and N5 treatments increased by 2.85-4.66%, 9.30-9.34%, 12.8-13.5%, and 14.8-15.9% respectively compared with the N1 treatment. In the Meitan ecological zone, the head rice rate of the N2, N3, N4, and N5 treatments increased by 3.12-5.94%, 6.77-10.6%, 11.6-12.6%, and 12.7-13.5% respectively compared with the N1 treatment. With the increase in nitrogen fertilizer application, the appearance quality of rice at both the Guiyang and Meitan ecological sites significantly improved. At the Guiyang ecological site, the chalkiness of the N2, N3, N4, and N5 treatments decreased by 1.10-5.81%, 5.49-9.30%, 12.1-15.1%, and 14.3-17.4% respectively compared to the N1 treatment. At the Meitan ecological site, the chalkiness of the N2, N3, N4, and N5 treatments decreased by 3.90-5.66%, 16.9-20.8%, 22.1-32.1%, and 24.7-33.6% respectively compared to the N1 treatment. With increasing nitrogen fertilizer application, the palatability of rice decreased significantly in both the Guiyang and Meitan ecological sites. The palatability decreased significantly with increasing nitrogen application. In the Guiyang ecological site, the comprehensive palatability values ​​of treatments N2, N3, N4, and N5 were 1.12-1.45%, 2.90-3.85%, 6.76-7.70%, and 8.69-12.9% lower than that of treatment N1, respectively. In the Meitan ecological site, the comprehensive palatability values ​​of treatments N2, N3, N4, and N5 were 2.01-2.19%, 2.76-4.25%, 7.52-8.75%, and 11.3-11.4% lower than that of treatment N1, respectively. Comprehensive evaluation showed that treatments N3 (150 kg ha⁻¹) and N4 (180 kg ha⁻¹) were the optimal nitrogen application rates for achieving a synergistic effect of high quality, high yield, and high efficiency in rice cultivation. The findings of this study have significant practical guiding significance for rice production in Guizhou: 150-180 kg ha⁻¹ is the optimal balanced nitrogen application rate for achieving synergistic optimization of high yield, high quality, and high efficiency in rice production. This means that while achieving a good yield level, it effectively maintains high nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency, and also takes into account excellent processing quality, appearance quality, and relatively good eating quality. In contrast, although the N5 treatment has a slight advantage in processing and appearance quality indicators, its nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency drops sharply and its eating quality deteriorates significantly, resulting in an overall performance inferior to the N3 and N4 treatments. The N3 treatment achieves a significant improvement in nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and eating quality at the cost of insignificant processing and appearance quality. Compared with the N1 and N2 treatments, the advantages of the N3 and N4 treatments in rice yield, processing, and appearance quality are more significant. Although both the N3 and N4 treatments achieve high overall scores, the N3 treatment achieves higher efficiency with less nitrogen fertilizer input.Therefore, 150 kg ha⁻¹ is the optimal nitrogen application level to maximize the comprehensive benefits of the three core objectives of rice cultivation. This conclusion not only provides precise technical parameters for reducing nitrogen fertilizer use and increasing efficiency, and promoting green and high-quality development in rice production in Guizhou, but the systematic evaluation approach and methods it demonstrates can also provide valuable insights for other crops and similar multi-objective decision-making problems in other regions.

[0052] This embodiment provides a method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice. This embodiment innovatively introduces the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to construct a comprehensive evaluation model aimed at quantifying the synergistic optimization of "high quality, high yield, and high efficiency" in rice. As an effective multi-criteria decision-making tool, AHP's advantage lies in its ability to organically combine the decision-maker's professional experience with objective data. By constructing a hierarchical model and judgment matrix, abstract objectives are transformed into a concrete and quantifiable indicator system, and the weights of each indicator are scientifically determined. Furthermore, to eliminate the influence of dimensions, this study uses a normalization method when quantifying the evaluation indicators, mapping the original data to the corresponding intervals, effectively eliminating the influence of differences in the units and magnitudes of different indicators, making the comprehensive evaluation results more scientific and comparable.

[0053] Based on the first embodiment of this application, in the second embodiment of this application, the content that is the same as or similar to that in the first embodiment described above can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, please refer to... Figure 5 Step S20 includes steps S201 to S203: Step S201: Construct an evaluation target and indicator system based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The evaluation target and indicator system includes a target layer, a criterion layer, and an indicator layer. The target layer is a collaborative evaluation of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice. The criterion layer includes yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality. The indicator layer includes yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, head rice rate, chalkiness, and comprehensive eating quality.

[0054] In practical implementation, a hierarchical structure can be established using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Specifically, based on the interrelationships and hierarchical relationships among the evaluation indicators, a hierarchical analysis structure model for comprehensive rice evaluation is established. This model includes a target layer, a criterion layer, and an indicator layer. The target layer, representing the ultimate evaluation goal—a synergistic evaluation of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice—is at the top. The criterion layer includes three core dimensions: yield (A1), rice quality (A2), and nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate (A3). The indicator layer, at the bottom of the model, comprises specific evaluation indicators, including yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, head rice rate, chalkiness, and overall eating quality.

[0055] Step S202: Obtain a comprehensive evaluation model containing the indicator data based on the evaluation objectives and indicator system.

[0056] In practical implementation, after constructing the evaluation objectives and indicator system, a comprehensive evaluation model can be further built based on this system. This model integrates the data of each indicator and, through specific calculation rules and logical relationships, comprehensively considers the impact of different indicators on the synergistic evaluation of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice. During the construction process, the interrelationships and mechanisms of action among the indicators are fully considered to ensure that the model can accurately and comprehensively reflect the comprehensive performance of rice under different nitrogen application levels.

[0057] Step S203: Construct a judgment matrix based on the comprehensive evaluation model, and determine the weight value of each evaluation index in each judgment matrix.

[0058] It is understandable that a judgment matrix can be constructed based on the comprehensive evaluation indicators, specifically based on the relative importance of each evaluation indicator in the comprehensive evaluation indicators. And obtain the weight values ​​of each evaluation index in each judgment matrix.

[0059] In one feasible implementation, step S203 may include steps B11-B14: Step B11: Compare the elements at each level in the comprehensive evaluation model; As shown in Table 1, Table 1 is a table of criteria for constructing the judgment matrix.

[0060] Table 1 According to the scaling rules in Table 1, 1 = equally important, 3 = slightly important, ..., 9 = extremely important, thus pairwise comparisons are made for indicators at the same level.

[0061] Step B12: At the target layer, compare the importance of high yield, high quality, and high efficiency to the overall target, and construct the judgment matrix of the criterion layer to the target layer based on the comparison results; Specifically, at the target layer, we first compare the importance of yield, quality, and efficiency to the overall target. For example, if the yield vs. efficiency ratio is 3, it means that yield is slightly more important. Or if the efficiency vs. quality ratio is 1 / 2, it means that quality is slightly more important. This allows us to construct a judgment matrix of the quasi-measurement layer to the target layer.

[0062] Step B13: Under the target layer, compare the relative importance of the head rice rate, chalkiness, and overall taste value, and construct the judgment matrix of the index layer to the criterion layer; In practical implementation, the relative importance of head rice rate, chalkiness, and eating value can be compared under the condition of high quality; only nitrogen fertilizer agronomic utilization rate can be included under the condition of high efficiency, i.e., the weight is 1; and only yield can be included under the condition of high yield, i.e., the weight is 1. Thus, a judgment matrix of the indicator layer to the criterion layer can be constructed.

[0063] Step B14: Process each judgment matrix to determine the weight value of each evaluation index in each judgment matrix.

[0064] In practice, each judgment matrix can be processed and calculated to calculate the characteristic adjacency and the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix, thereby obtaining the weight value of each evaluation index.

[0065] In one feasible implementation, step B14 may include: normalizing each column in each judgment matrix to obtain normalized values; summing each row of the normalized values ​​to obtain the sum of normalized values; and normalizing the sum of the normalized values ​​to obtain the weight values ​​of each evaluation index.

[0066] It should be noted that the columns of the judgment matrix A can be normalized, as shown below: In the above formula, Normalized value represents the elements in the original judgment matrix, and n is the order of the judgment matrix. It is the element in the k-th row and j-th column of the original judgment matrix.

[0067] In practice, the normalized values ​​in each row of the judgment matrix A can be summed to obtain the sum of the normalized values, as calculated below: In the above formula, The sum of normalized values, This is the normalized value.

[0068] Finally, the sum of normalized values ​​is normalized again to obtain the processed sum of normalized values, as shown below: In the above formula, This is the sum of the normalized values ​​after processing.

[0069] Then, the eigenvector and the largest eigenvalue are obtained from the sum of the processed normalized values, as shown in the following formula: A = In the above formula, A is the judgment matrix. It is a vector composed of the sum of the processed normalized values. To determine the largest eigenvalue of the matrix, the above equation is solved to obtain the eigenvector. Each element in this eigenvector represents the weight of each evaluation indicator. These weights scientifically reflect the importance of each indicator in the comprehensive evaluation model, providing crucial information for accurately assessing the synergistic effect of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice cultivation. After obtaining the weights, and combining them with the specific data of each evaluation indicator, a comprehensive evaluation of rice under different nitrogen application levels can be conducted according to the operational rules of the comprehensive evaluation model. This allows for the determination of the optimal nitrogen application level, achieving synergistic optimization of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice cultivation.

[0070] In practical implementation, a consistency check can also be performed on the judgment matrix to determine whether the judgment matrix needs to be adjusted, and the consistency index CI can be calculated. Where n is the order of the judgment matrix, The largest eigenvalue of the judgment matrix is ​​denoted as CI. The consistency index CI measures the degree of consistency of the judgment matrix; the smaller the value, the better the consistency. Furthermore, the consistency ratio CR can be calculated. The RI value is the average random consistency index, and its values ​​are shown in Table 2 below. When the judgment matrix CR < 0.10, it can be said that the judgment matrix has high consistency; otherwise, the judgment matrix needs to be adjusted.

[0071] Table 2 This embodiment establishes a hierarchical evaluation system—namely, the target layer, the criterion layer, and the indicator layer—to systematically evaluate the production performance of rice. This helps to comprehensively consider various factors affecting rice yield and quality, thereby improving the scientific rigor and accuracy of the evaluation. Using AHP to construct a judgment matrix, the weight values ​​of each evaluation indicator can be objectively determined based on expert opinions and actual data. This weight allocation, supported by experience and data, reduces subjectivity and enhances the credibility of the evaluation results. Through multi-factor comparisons at the target and criterion layers, the impact of various indicators on the overall performance of rice can be deeply understood, helping to identify the most important evaluation indicators and thus optimize production management in a targeted manner. In the indicator layer, the analysis and comparison of specific indicators such as head rice rate, chalkiness, and overall eating quality value reveals the priority among different quality indicators, guiding farmers to focus on improving specific indicators in actual production to achieve higher rice quality. The constructed comprehensive evaluation model provides a scientific basis for agricultural decision-making. Decision-makers can formulate more effective fertilization and management plans based on the weights and evaluation results derived from the model, optimizing resource allocation and improving rice yield and quality.

[0072] Based on the first embodiment of this application, in the third embodiment of this application, the content that is the same as or similar to that in the first embodiment described above can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, please refer to... Figure 6 Step S30 includes steps S301 to S302: Step S301: Map each evaluation index in the index data to its corresponding score according to the normalization method to obtain the evaluation index score.

[0073] It should be noted that it can be based on the maximum The minimum value normalization method establishes a scoring system with evaluation values ​​ranging from 0 to 10, thereby mapping each evaluation indicator in the index data to its corresponding score. Specifically, the scores for yield, nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, processing quality, and palatability quality are calculated according to the principle that larger scores are better. The formula for calculating the appearance quality score is as follows: In the above formula, To evaluate the index scores, To evaluate the indicator values, and These represent the maximum and minimum values ​​of the evaluation indicators, respectively.

[0074] The above formula can be used to calculate the scores of each evaluation indicator, thereby obtaining the yield score, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate score, head rice rate score, chalkiness score, and overall taste score.

[0075] Step S302: Calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of rice based on the evaluation index score and the weight value.

[0076] In practice, the comprehensive evaluation value of rice can be calculated based on the evaluation index scores and weight values, as shown in the following formula: In the above formula, For weight values, Z represents the comprehensive evaluation value of rice, and the higher the Z value, the better the synergistic optimization of the treatment in terms of quality, high yield, and high efficiency.

[0077] This embodiment maps each evaluation indicator in the index data to a corresponding score using a normalization method, obtaining the evaluation indicator score. Based on the evaluation indicator score and the weight value, the comprehensive evaluation value of rice is calculated. This quantitative scoring method transforms the originally abstract and difficult-to-compare evaluation indicators into an intuitive scoring form, making the comparison between different indicators clearer. Simultaneously, combined with the weight values ​​of each evaluation indicator determined earlier using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the influence of each indicator on the synergistic evaluation of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice can be comprehensively considered, thus accurately calculating the comprehensive evaluation value of rice. This comprehensive evaluation value provides a key indicator for comprehensively and objectively assessing the overall performance of rice under different nitrogen application levels. Decision-makers can use this comprehensive evaluation value to rank and compare rice under different nitrogen application treatments, thereby selecting the treatment scheme with the best synergistic optimization of high quality, high yield, and high efficiency. This provides strong support for formulating scientific and reasonable fertilization strategies and production management measures, contributing to the high-quality development of rice production and improving the economic and ecological benefits of agricultural production.

[0078] It should be noted that the above examples are only for understanding this application and do not constitute a limitation on the method for evaluating the level of synergistic nitrogen application for high-quality, high-yield and efficient rice. Any simple modifications based on this technical concept are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0079] This application also provides a device for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 7 The rice high-quality, high-yield, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device includes: The acquisition module 10 is used to acquire index data of rice under different nitrogen application treatments. The index data includes rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate and rice quality. The construction module 20 is used to construct a comprehensive evaluation model containing the indicator data based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and to determine the weight values ​​of each indicator in the comprehensive evaluation model. The calculation module 30 is used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of rice based on the weight values; The determination module 40 is used to determine the optimal nitrogen application level for high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice based on the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0080] The rice high-yield, high-quality, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device provided in this application adopts the rice high-yield, high-quality, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment method in the above embodiments, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to simultaneously improve rice yield, rice quality, and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the rice high-yield, high-quality, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device provided in this application are the same as the beneficial effects of the rice high-yield, high-quality, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features in the rice high-yield, high-quality, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device are the same as the features disclosed in the methods of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0081] This application provides a device for evaluating the level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application in rice. The device includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method for evaluating the level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application in rice as described in Embodiment 1 above.

[0082] The following is for reference. Figure 8 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic of a rice high-yield, high-efficiency synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device suitable for implementing embodiments of this application. The rice high-yield, high-efficiency synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device in embodiments of this application may include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptops, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Description), PMPs (Portable Media Players), vehicle terminals (e.g., vehicle navigation terminals), and fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers. Figure 8 The illustrated device for assessing the level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application in rice is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments in this application.

[0083] like Figure 8As shown, the rice high-yield, high-efficiency synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device may include a processing unit 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processor, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the program stored in ROM (Read Only Memory) 1002 or the program loaded from storage device 1003 into RAM (Random Access Memory) 1004. RAM 1004 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the rice high-yield, high-efficiency synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device. The processing unit 1001, ROM 1002, and RAM 1004 are interconnected via bus 1005. Input / output (I / O) interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems can be connected to I / O interface 1006: input devices 1007 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, image sensors, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 1008 including, for example, LCDs (Liquid Crystal Displays), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices 1003 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 1009. Communication device 1009 allows the rice high-yield, high-efficiency synergistic nitrogen application level assessment equipment to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although the figure shows rice high-yield, high-efficiency synergistic nitrogen application level assessment equipment with various systems, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or possess all the systems shown. More or fewer systems can be implemented alternatively.

[0084] Specifically, according to the embodiments disclosed in this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments disclosed in this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device, or installed from storage device 1003, or installed from ROM 1002. When the computer program is executed by processing device 1001, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments disclosed in this application.

[0085] The rice high-yield, high-quality, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device provided in this application adopts the rice high-yield, high-quality, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment method in the above embodiments, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to simultaneously improve rice yield, rice quality, and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the rice high-yield, high-quality, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device provided in this application are the same as the beneficial effects of the rice high-yield, high-quality, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features in the rice high-yield, high-quality, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device are the same as the features disclosed in the previous embodiment method, and will not be repeated here.

[0086] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0087] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0088] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) stored thereon, which are used to execute the method for evaluating the level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application in rice as described in the above embodiments.

[0089] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory or Flash Memory), optical fibers, CD-ROM (CD-Read Only Memory), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, system, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0090] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be included in the rice high-yield, high-efficiency synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device; or it may exist independently and not be assembled into the rice high-yield, high-efficiency synergistic nitrogen application level assessment device.

[0091] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs. When these programs are executed by the rice high-yield, high-efficiency, and synergistic nitrogen application level evaluation device, the device performs the following: acquires index data of rice under different nitrogen application treatments, including rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality; constructs a comprehensive evaluation model containing the index data based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and determines the weight values ​​of each index in the comprehensive evaluation model; calculates the comprehensive evaluation value of rice based on the weight values; and determines the optimal nitrogen application level for high-yield, high-efficiency, and synergistic rice application based on the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0092] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including LAN (Local Area Network) or WAN (Wide Area Network)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0093] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0094] The modules described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the modules do not necessarily limit the functionality of the unit itself.

[0095] The readable storage medium provided in this application is a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) for executing the above-described method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation. This solves the technical problem in the prior art of simultaneously improving rice yield, rice quality, and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application are the same as those of the method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation provided in the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0096] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method for evaluating the level of synergistic nitrogen application for high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation.

[0097] The computer program product provided in this application can solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to simultaneously improve rice yield, rice quality, and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided in this application are the same as those of the method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0098] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this application and using the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level in high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation, characterized in that, The method for evaluating the synergistic nitrogen application level for high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation includes: The data on rice under different nitrogen application rates were obtained, including rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality. A comprehensive evaluation model containing the index data is constructed based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the weight values ​​of each index in the comprehensive evaluation model are determined. The comprehensive evaluation value of rice is calculated based on the weight values. The optimal nitrogen application level for high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation was determined based on the comprehensive evaluation value.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining index data of rice under different nitrogen application rates include: Multiple field trial groups with different nitrogen application rates were set up; The yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality of rice under different nitrogen application rates were determined in field test groups. The rice quality included processing quality, appearance quality, and eating quality. The rice index data are obtained based on the yield, the agronomical utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, and the rice quality.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The steps for setting up multiple field trial groups with different nitrogen application rates include: Nitrogen application gradients were set up for each field test group, wherein the nitrogen application gradients, from smallest to largest, included the first nitrogen application rate, the second nitrogen application rate, the third nitrogen application rate, the fourth nitrogen application rate, the fifth nitrogen application rate, and the sixth nitrogen application rate, with the first nitrogen application rate serving as a blank control; The nitrogen application rate is divided according to a preset ratio to obtain the proportional nitrogen application rate; For each field test group, nitrogen was applied repeatedly a predetermined number of times within a predetermined time period at the corresponding nitrogen application rate.

4. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The steps for determining the yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality of rice in the field test groups with different nitrogen application rates include: During the rice ripening period, a predetermined number of rice plants were harvested in field test groups with different nitrogen application rates. The plants were then threshed, cleaned, dried, and weighed to obtain their weight. The yield of rice is obtained by converting the weighed weight using a preset conversion method; The nitrogen fertilizer application rate and yield in the nitrogen-applied area were obtained in the field test group, and the yield in the nitrogen-free area was also obtained. The agronomic utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in rice is calculated based on the yield in the nitrogen-applied area, the yield in the nitrogen-free area, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied. The rice was naturally air-dried and then stored under preset environmental conditions. The head rice rate, chalkiness, and overall taste value of the rice were measured. The processing quality is obtained based on the head rice yield, the appearance quality is obtained based on the chalkiness, and the taste quality is obtained based on the overall taste value.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of constructing a comprehensive evaluation model containing the indicator data based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and determining the weight values ​​of each indicator in the comprehensive evaluation model include: An evaluation target and indicator system is constructed based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The evaluation target and indicator system includes a target layer, a criterion layer, and an indicator layer. The target layer is a collaborative evaluation of high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice. The criterion layer includes yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality. The indicator layer includes yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, head rice rate, chalkiness, and comprehensive eating taste value. Based on the evaluation objectives and indicator system, a comprehensive evaluation model containing the indicator data is obtained; Based on the comprehensive evaluation model, a judgment matrix is ​​constructed, and the weight value of each evaluation indicator in each judgment matrix is ​​determined.

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The steps of constructing judgment matrices based on the comprehensive evaluation model and determining the weight values ​​of each evaluation indicator in each judgment matrix include: Compare the elements at each level in the comprehensive evaluation model; At the target layer, the importance of high yield, high quality, and high efficiency to the overall target is compared, and a judgment matrix of the criterion layer to the target layer is constructed based on the comparison results. Under the target layer, the relative importance of the head rice rate, chalkiness, and overall taste value is compared to construct a judgment matrix of the index layer on the criterion layer; The judgment matrices are processed to determine the weight values ​​of each evaluation index in each judgment matrix.

7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of processing each judgment matrix to determine the weight value of each evaluation index in each judgment matrix includes: Normalize each column in each judgment matrix to obtain normalized values; The normalized values ​​are summed from each row to obtain the sum of the normalized values; The sum of the normalized values ​​is normalized to obtain the weight values ​​of each evaluation index.

8. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the comprehensive evaluation value of rice based on the weight value includes: The evaluation indicators in the indicator data are mapped to corresponding scores according to the normalization method to obtain the evaluation indicator scores. The comprehensive evaluation value of rice is calculated based on the scores of the evaluation indicators and the weight values.

9. A device for evaluating the level of synergistic nitrogen application in high-quality, high-yield, and efficient rice cultivation, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire index data of rice under different nitrogen application treatments. The index data includes rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer agronomical utilization rate, and rice quality. A construction module is used to construct a comprehensive evaluation model containing the indicator data based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and to determine the weight values ​​of each indicator in the comprehensive evaluation model. The calculation module is used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of rice based on the weight values; The determination module is used to determine the optimal nitrogen application level for high-quality, high-yield, and high-efficiency rice cultivation based on the comprehensive evaluation value.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for evaluating the level of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient synergistic nitrogen application in rice as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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