Thermal management method and equipment of energy storage system and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat management and safety control of energy storage systems, and discloses a heat management method and device of an energy storage system and a medium. According to the current dew point temperature, a safe water outlet temperature set value of the liquid cooling system is determined, and the safe water outlet temperature set value is higher than the current dew point temperature; a theoretical outlet water temperature set value is obtained based on the battery temperature requirement; and comparing the theoretical outlet water temperature set value with the safe outlet water temperature set value, and determining an outlet water temperature control target of the liquid cooling system according to the larger value so as to control the liquid cooling system. According to the method, the dew point temperature in the energy storage system is calculated, the lowest safe water outlet temperature is set, collaborative decision making is carried out on the lowest safe water outlet temperature and the theoretical water outlet temperature based on the battery temperature requirement, and optimal balance of safety and energy efficiency is achieved while the condensation risk is restrained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal management and safety control technology for energy storage systems, specifically a thermal management method, device, and medium for energy storage systems. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy storage, outdoor energy storage cabinets, containerized energy storage, and other equipment are widely used, making the reliability of their thermal management systems crucial. Currently, most energy storage systems adopt liquid cooling solutions, using liquid coolers to supply liquid for heat exchange with the batteries, maintaining the batteries within a suitable temperature range.

[0003] However, outdoor equipment is prone to condensation problems in high-humidity environments. Condensation occurs when the surface temperature of an object is lower than the dew point temperature of the air, which can lead to decreased insulation, corrosion of components, and even short circuits. Existing condensation control methods mainly fall into three categories: first, installing dehumidifiers, but this is energy-intensive and has limited efficiency in high-humidity environments; second, configuring heating equipment to maintain the internal temperature above the dew point to suppress condensation, but this is energy-intensive and has poor adaptability; and third, using insulation materials to delay condensation, but this is costly and cannot eliminate the risk. Traditional condensation control technologies often rely on additional power-consuming equipment such as insulation materials, dehumidifiers, and heaters, wasting system energy to achieve condensation control and hindering the efficient use of system energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a thermal management method, device, and medium for an energy storage system to solve the problems of high energy consumption, poor adaptability, and inability to balance safety and energy efficiency in existing condensation control technologies.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a thermal management method for an energy storage system, the method comprising: calculating the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system; determining a safe outlet water temperature setpoint for a liquid cooling system based on the current dew point temperature, wherein the safe outlet water temperature setpoint is higher than the current dew point temperature; obtaining a theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint based on battery temperature requirements; comparing the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint with the safe outlet water temperature setpoint, and determining a control target for the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system based on the larger of the two values, so as to control the liquid cooling system.

[0006] In one optional implementation, determining the safe outlet water temperature setting value of the liquid cooling system based on the current dew point temperature includes: adding the current dew point temperature to a preset safety margin to obtain the safe outlet water temperature setting value.

[0007] In one optional implementation, before calculating the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system, the method further includes: determining whether the conditions for activating the cooling mode are met based on the battery temperature data; if the conditions for activating the cooling mode are met, then performing the step of calculating the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system; if the conditions for activating the cooling mode are not met, then returning to the step of determining whether the conditions for activating the cooling mode are met based on the battery temperature data.

[0008] In one optional implementation, determining whether the cooling activation condition is met based on the battery's temperature data includes: determining whether the battery's highest temperature is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold and whether the battery's average temperature is greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, wherein the battery's highest temperature is the peak value in the battery's temperature data and the battery's average temperature is the average value in the battery's temperature data; when the battery's highest temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the battery's average temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, it is determined that the cooling activation condition is met.

[0009] In one optional implementation, the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint is compared with the safe outlet water temperature setpoint, and the outlet water temperature control target of the liquid cooling system is determined based on the larger value to control the liquid cooling system. The method further includes: determining whether the difference between the currently calculated outlet water temperature control target and the outlet water temperature control target of the previous control cycle is less than a preset threshold; if it is less than the preset threshold, the outlet water temperature control target of the previous control cycle is maintained unchanged; if it is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the currently calculated outlet water temperature control target is adopted.

[0010] In one optional implementation, before controlling the liquid cooling system to operate with the outlet water temperature control target, the method further includes: determining whether the difference between the currently calculated outlet water temperature control target and the outlet water temperature control target of the previous control cycle is less than a preset threshold; if it is less than the preset threshold, then the outlet water temperature control target of the previous control cycle is maintained unchanged; if it is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, then the currently calculated outlet water temperature control target is adopted.

[0011] In one alternative implementation, calculating the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system includes: calculating the current dew point temperature based on the current ambient temperature and the current ambient relative humidity inside the energy storage system.

[0012] In one optional implementation, the current dew point temperature is calculated based on the current ambient temperature and current relative humidity inside the energy storage system, including: calculating the current dew point temperature using the following formula: T_dew = T_in -(100 - RH_in) / x where T_dew is the current dew point temperature, T_in is the current ambient temperature inside the energy storage system, RH_in is the current relative humidity inside the energy storage system, and x represents an empirical coefficient.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform a thermal management method for an energy storage system as described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment.

[0014] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute a thermal management method for an energy storage system according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above.

[0015] This invention provides a thermal management method for energy storage systems that fundamentally prevents condensation risks by calculating the system's internal dew point temperature in real time and setting dynamic safety boundaries. The method intelligently compares the minimum safe outlet water temperature with the theoretical temperature based on battery heat dissipation requirements, determining the final control target by taking the larger value. This ensures that the system prioritizes meeting anti-condensation safety requirements under any operating condition. This collaborative decision-making mechanism not only effectively eliminates equipment failures caused by condensation but also considers battery heat dissipation efficiency while ensuring safety, significantly improving the adaptability, safety, and energy efficiency of energy storage systems in complex environments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first process for a thermal management method of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second process for a thermal management method of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a system control flowchart of a thermal management method for an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a thermal management device for an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in the present invention and their authorization should be obtained in accordance with relevant laws and regulations through appropriate means.

[0020] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] In relevant energy storage thermal management technologies, condensation control mainly relies on additional hardware equipment. For example, this involves adding independent dehumidifiers to actively reduce ambient humidity, configuring heating equipment to raise the internal temperature of the enclosure, or covering liquid-cooled pipes with insulation materials to delay surface condensation. While these methods can alleviate condensation to some extent, they generally suffer from complex system structures and high additional energy consumption. Especially in outdoor environments with persistently high humidity or drastic temperature fluctuations, dehumidifier modules are prone to saturation and failure, heating device operating costs increase significantly, and insulation materials can only delay but not fundamentally prevent condensation formation. Furthermore, none of the above methods incorporate the "dew point temperature," a core parameter for condensation formation, into the control logic, resulting in delayed response, insufficient control precision, and difficulty in balancing system safety and operational efficiency under complex climatic conditions.

[0022] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a thermal management method for energy storage systems. By calculating the dew point temperature of the internal environment in real time and setting the minimum safe outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system, a two-layer decision-making mechanism is constructed, with condensation prevention as a constraint and battery heat dissipation requirements as the control objective. This method integrates environmental humidity and battery temperature parameters into the control logic, achieving feedforward prevention of condensation risk and simultaneous optimization of system energy efficiency without adding additional hardware. This effectively improves the adaptability and economy of energy storage systems in complex outdoor environments.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a thermal management method for an energy storage system is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0024] This embodiment provides a thermal management method for an energy storage system, which can be used in the aforementioned computer equipment. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a thermal management method for an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S101: Calculate the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system.

[0025] The system acquires environmental parameters, such as ambient temperature and relative humidity, through sensors deployed within the energy storage system. Based on these parameters, it calculates the dew point temperature under the current environmental conditions. This dew point temperature represents the critical temperature at which water vapor begins to condense under the current environmental conditions. Specifically, if the surface temperature of any object within the energy storage system (such as a liquid-cooled plate or pipe) drops below this calculated value, water droplets will begin to condense on its surface, resulting in condensation. Therefore, the dew point temperature is a key indicator for assessing the risk of condensation.

[0026] In one example, the energy storage system's internal sensors detect an ambient temperature of 30°C and a relative humidity of 80%. The system uses these parameters in its built-in algorithm for calculations. If the current dew point temperature is calculated to be 26°C, this result indicates that under these environmental conditions, if the surface temperature of any component in the energy storage system drops below 26°C, water vapor in the air will condense into liquid water on the surface of that component.

[0027] Step S102: Determine the safe outlet water temperature setting value of the liquid cooling system based on the current dew point temperature, wherein the safe outlet water temperature setting value is higher than the current dew point temperature.

[0028] Specifically, with safety as the primary principle, the system aims to fundamentally prevent condensation. The outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system must ensure that the surface temperature of components in contact with the coolant, such as the liquid cooling plates and pipes, is always higher than the current dew point temperature. During operation, the coolant circulates within the pipes and liquid cooling plates, exchanging heat with the inner walls of the components. The surface temperature of the components is directly related to the coolant temperature. If the coolant temperature is lower than the dew point temperature, the surface temperature of the components will drop below the dew point, causing condensation. The minimum safe outlet water temperature setting aims to establish a condensation-preventing safety boundary for the liquid cooling system. This boundary must meet the core constraint of being higher than the current dew point temperature and consider dynamic fluctuations during the operation of the energy storage system, including changes in coolant circulation flow, local temperature differences within the cabinet, and fluctuations in heat dissipation efficiency, thereby ensuring that the risk of condensation is completely avoided under various operating conditions.

[0029] In one example, assuming the calculated dew point temperature inside the energy storage cabinet is 28°C, the system, based on a comprehensive assessment of the cabinet's equipment characteristics, coolant circulation efficiency, and operating temperature fluctuation range, sets the minimum safe outlet water temperature at 30°C. This setting is higher than the current dew point temperature to prevent excessively high temperatures from affecting the system's heat dissipation capacity. In actual operation, a coolant temperature of 30°C keeps the surface temperature of the liquid cooling plate stably maintained above 30°C, which is higher than the dew point temperature of 28°C, effectively preventing condensation.

[0030] Step S103: Obtain the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint based on battery temperature requirements.

[0031] As a core component of energy storage systems, the operating temperature of batteries directly affects charge / discharge efficiency, lifespan, and safety performance. Energy storage batteries typically have an optimal operating temperature range. When the battery temperature exceeds this range, temperature regulation is required through a liquid cooling system. The theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint is determined based on the difference between the current battery temperature and the optimal operating temperature range, and is used to guide the liquid cooling system in achieving the required heat dissipation capacity.

[0032] In one example, the battery management system monitors the battery's average temperature in real time at 32°C, which is higher than the upper limit of the set optimal operating temperature range of 30°C. The system calculates the required coolant temperature to adjust the battery temperature to the optimal range based on the heat dissipation efficiency parameters of the liquid cooling system. Theoretically, the setpoint for the outlet water temperature can be 25°C. This setpoint serves as the control target for the liquid cooling system, and the battery temperature is regulated through coolant circulation at the corresponding temperature.

[0033] Step S104: Compare the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint with the safe outlet water temperature setpoint, and determine the outlet water temperature control target of the liquid cooling system based on the larger value, so as to control the liquid cooling system.

[0034] The operation of the liquid cooling system must simultaneously meet both battery heat dissipation requirements and anti-condensation safety requirements. To ensure the safe and stable operation of the system, a decision-making mechanism based on the comparison of two temperature setpoints is established. Its core logic is as follows: the theoretical required temperature T_demand based on battery temperature requirements is compared with the minimum safe outlet water temperature setpoint T_min_safe. Typically, the larger of these is taken as the final outlet water temperature setpoint T_setpoint sent to the liquid chiller, i.e., T_setpoint = max(T_demand, T_min_safe). This decision-making mechanism establishes the fundamental principle of safety priority. When there is a difference between the temperature setpoints corresponding to the two requirements, the system prioritizes anti-condensation safety by comparing the larger value. A higher outlet water temperature setpoint satisfies the anti-condensation requirement while maintaining basic heat dissipation capacity under safe conditions; while choosing a lower outlet water temperature may achieve faster heat dissipation, it will exceed the safety boundary and pose a risk of condensation.

[0035] In one example, the minimum safe outlet water temperature setpoint T_min_safe is 30℃, and the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint is 23℃. According to the decision logic: T_setpoint = max(23, 30) = 30℃, the system compares the two setpoints and selects 30℃ as the target outlet water temperature for the liquid cooling system. This decision result indicates that although the theoretical outlet water temperature of 23℃ can meet the battery's heat dissipation needs more quickly, this temperature is below the minimum safe outlet water temperature, posing a risk of condensation. The control target of 30℃ meets the safety requirement of being above the dew point temperature and also allows the coolant to remove battery heat through circulation, achieving temperature regulation while ensuring safety.

[0036] This embodiment provides a thermal management method for energy storage systems that eliminates the risk of condensation. By establishing a control principle where the minimum safe outlet water temperature setpoint is higher than the dew point temperature, it physically suppresses the conditions for condensation on the surface of the liquid cooling system, avoiding short circuits and equipment corrosion caused by condensation, thus improving the inherent safety level of the energy storage system. Furthermore, it intelligently balances safety and energy efficiency, employing a collaborative decision-making mechanism that prioritizes the larger value, dynamically optimizing the system's heat dissipation performance while ensuring anti-condensation safety requirements are met. Enhancing adaptability to complex environments, this method can dynamically adjust control targets based on changes in ambient temperature and humidity, making it suitable for complex outdoor climate conditions such as high temperature and high humidity. This solution is mainly achieved through software algorithm upgrades, eliminating the need for additional hardware such as dehumidifiers and heating belts. This reduces the complexity and cost of modifications while avoiding the energy consumption associated with additional equipment, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency and economy of the energy storage system.

[0037] In an optional implementation, step S104 above further includes: Step S1041: When the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint is greater than or equal to the safe outlet water temperature setpoint, the liquid cooling system is controlled based on the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint.

[0038] Step S1042: When the safe outlet water temperature setting value is greater than the theoretical outlet water temperature setting value, compare the safe outlet water temperature setting value with the preset upper limit value.

[0039] Step S1043: If the safe outlet water temperature setting is less than or equal to the preset upper temperature limit, the liquid cooling system is controlled based on the safe outlet water temperature setting.

[0040] Step S1044: If the safe outlet water temperature setting value is greater than the preset temperature upper limit value, the liquid cooling system is controlled at the preset temperature upper limit value, and a call signal to call the dehumidification equipment is sent.

[0041] Specifically, the calculated theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint is compared with the safe outlet water temperature setpoint, and the corresponding control strategy is executed based on the comparison result.

[0042] When the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint is greater than or equal to the safe outlet water temperature setpoint, it indicates that the temperature required for battery cooling has exceeded the minimum safe temperature required to prevent condensation. At this point, the risk of condensation is low, and the system should prioritize meeting the battery's cooling efficiency requirements. Therefore, the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint is directly used as the control target for the liquid cooling system.

[0043] When the safe outlet water temperature setting is greater than the theoretical outlet water temperature setting, it indicates that the minimum safe temperature required to avoid condensation is higher than the ideal temperature actually needed for battery cooling. Directly using the theoretical outlet water temperature poses a risk of condensation; directly using the safe outlet water temperature would result in cooling intensity lower than the optimal requirements for battery heat dissipation, potentially leading to untimely battery cooling and increased system energy consumption. To achieve a balance between safety and efficiency, a preset upper temperature limit (which can be set based on system design, battery characteristics, and external environment) is introduced for secondary judgment. Therefore, the safe outlet water temperature setting is compared with the preset upper temperature limit.

[0044] If the safe outlet water temperature setpoint is less than or equal to the preset upper temperature limit, it indicates that the required anti-condensation safe temperature is still within the system's acceptable and reasonable operating range. Although this value is higher than the theoretical required temperature of the battery, using it as the control target can completely avoid the risk of condensation without causing the system to operate at abnormally high temperatures. Therefore, the liquid cooling system is controlled using the safe outlet water temperature setpoint.

[0045] If the safe outlet water temperature setpoint exceeds the preset upper limit, it indicates that the current ambient humidity is extremely high, causing the calculated anti-condensation safe temperature to exceed the reasonable upper limit for normal operation of the liquid cooling system. Continuing to rely solely on raising the water temperature of the liquid cooling system to prevent condensation may severely impact cooling performance or damage the equipment. In this case, the system determines that auxiliary dehumidification measures need to be activated. Therefore, the control strategy is adjusted to: control the liquid cooling system at the preset upper limit to ensure the system operates within a safe temperature range; simultaneously, a call signal is sent to the dehumidification equipment (such as a dehumidifier) ​​within the system to activate the active dehumidification function, thereby reducing the air humidity inside the energy storage system and fundamentally lowering the dew point temperature, creating conditions for the liquid cooling system to operate at a more optimal temperature.

[0046] This invention achieves a dynamic balance between safety and efficiency under complex operating conditions by introducing a preset upper temperature threshold for graded comparison and control. This method ensures that the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system is always above the dew point temperature to eliminate the risk of condensation. Furthermore, when the risk of condensation intensifies, it activates dehumidification equipment to improve environmental conditions, avoiding excessive suppression of cooling capacity by simply increasing water temperature. This allows the system to flexibly respond to normal temperature and humidity changes while maintaining effective heat dissipation in extremely high humidity environments, thus improving the adaptability and overall energy efficiency of the energy storage system's thermal management.

[0047] In some optional implementations, step S104 above further includes: Step a1: Determine whether the difference between the currently calculated outlet water temperature control target and the outlet water temperature control target of the previous control cycle is less than a preset threshold.

[0048] Step a2: Determine whether the difference between the currently calculated outlet water temperature control target and the outlet water temperature control target of the previous control cycle is less than a preset threshold.

[0049] Step a3: If the temperature is less than the preset threshold, then the outlet water temperature control target of the previous control cycle remains unchanged.

[0050] Specifically, this embodiment of the invention also provides a system stability control logic. First, a fluctuation judgment is performed by calculating the absolute value of the difference between the current cycle's outlet water temperature control target and the previous cycle's control target, and comparing it with a preset threshold to determine whether the temperature change is within a stable range. This step, based on real-time collected system data, quantitatively compares the old and new control targets, providing a decision-making basis for system stability control.

[0051] In one example, the system calculates the absolute value of the difference between the old and new control targets as |30.3℃-30℃|=0.3℃. This value is less than the preset threshold of 1℃, and it is preliminarily determined that the temperature change is in a stable range.

[0052] The system performs a second verification: ambient temperature, humidity, and battery temperature data are re-collected, and the control target of 30.2℃ is recalculated based on the new data. The new absolute value of the difference is |30.2℃ - 30℃| = 0.2℃, which is still below the preset threshold. Both verifications confirm that the change is within the allowable range.

[0053] The system determines that it is currently in a stable state and decides to maintain the control target of 30°C from the previous cycle and continue operating without outputting new control commands to the liquid cooling system.

[0054] If the recalculated control target is 31.1℃ during the secondary verification, the absolute value of the difference is 1.1℃, exceeding the preset threshold. In this case, the system will determine that the temperature change exceeds the stable range and immediately adopt the newly calculated control target of 31.1℃ to execute the subsequent control process.

[0055] The technical solution provided in this embodiment implements secondary verification. By re-collecting environmental parameters and repeating the calculation process, the persistence of changes in the control target is verified. This mechanism can effectively identify accidental deviations caused by instantaneous fluctuations in sensors or abnormal data acquisition, ensuring the reliability of the judgment results. The system only considers the current state to be stable when both verifications confirm that the change is below the threshold.

[0056] After confirming that the change is within the allowable range, the target value of the previous control cycle is maintained and operation continues. This measure avoids frequent responses to minor fluctuations, maintains the continuity of control commands, and ensures that long-term dynamic adjustment capabilities are not affected. By judging whether the difference between the control target of the current cycle and the previous cycle is less than a preset threshold, and maintaining the original control target when it is confirmed to be a minor fluctuation, frequent operation of core components such as compressors and liquid cooling pumps in the liquid cooling system is reduced. The control strategy helps reduce mechanical wear and electrical stress, extends equipment life, and maintains a stable coolant temperature, which helps maintain the stability of heat exchange efficiency between the battery and the liquid cooling plate, avoids battery temperature fluctuations caused by frequent minor adjustments in coolant temperature, provides a continuous and stable thermal environment for the battery, and is conducive to ensuring the long-term performance and lifespan of the battery. By avoiding power adjustments triggered by minor changes in the control target, the system reduces the ineffective energy consumption of energy-consuming components such as compressors during transitions, improving the overall energy efficiency.

[0057] In an optional implementation, step S101 includes: Step S1011: Calculate the current dew point temperature based on the current ambient temperature and relative humidity inside the energy storage system.

[0058] Specifically, by acquiring the ambient temperature and relative humidity inside the energy storage battery compartment or cabinet in real time and substituting them into the dew point temperature calculation formula, the critical temperature at which moisture in the air begins to condense into liquid water under the current operating conditions can be obtained.

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention calculate the dew point based on the real environmental parameters (temperature and humidity) inside the energy storage system, which can more accurately reflect the actual condensation risk on the surface of the battery and cooling components, avoid the deviation caused by using external environmental parameters or empirical estimation, and improve the accuracy and reliability of thermal management.

[0060] In an optional implementation, step S1011 includes: Step b1, calculate the current dew point temperature using the following formula: T_dew = T_in -(100 - RH_in) / x where T_dew is the current dew point temperature, T_in is the current ambient temperature inside the energy storage system, RH_in is the current relative humidity inside the energy storage system, and x represents an empirical coefficient.

[0061] Specifically, dew point temperature is a core indicator for determining whether condensation occurs inside an energy storage system. Physically, it represents the critical temperature at which water vapor in the air reaches saturation and begins to condense into liquid water under current ambient temperature and humidity conditions. If the surface temperature of components such as liquid cooling plates and pipes within the energy storage system is lower than this temperature, water vapor will condense on the component surfaces, potentially causing short circuits or corrosion failures. The dew point temperature is calculated using the formula T_dew = T_in - (100 - RH_in) / X. Here, T_in represents the current ambient temperature, measured in degrees Celsius (°C), collected by a temperature sensor deployed inside the energy storage cabinet. RH_in represents the current relative humidity, measured as a percentage (%), collected by a humidity sensor inside the cabinet. Temperature and humidity sensors should be deployed close together to ensure data consistency. The empirical coefficient x in the above formula characterizes the combined effect of ambient temperature and relative humidity on the dew point temperature, typically ranging from 4 to 6, and can be adaptively calibrated based on actual climate conditions, airflow distribution within the energy storage system, and historical data statistics.

[0062] In one example, assume the sensor detects an ambient temperature T_in of 31°C and an ambient relative humidity RH_in of 80%. Substituting these values ​​into the formula, we get T_dew = 31 - (100 - 80) / 5 = 27°C. This result indicates that condensation will occur if the surface temperature of any component within the energy storage system is below 27°C. Therefore, subsequent control measures must ensure that the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system is above this dew point temperature to eliminate the risk of condensation at its source.

[0063] The dew point temperature approximation formula used in this embodiment has the advantages of high computational efficiency and low processor resource requirements, making it particularly suitable for real-time operation in embedded environments such as energy storage system controllers. This formula can quickly output results through simple arithmetic operations, effectively reducing system response latency and ensuring timely execution of anti-condensation control. At the same time, this calculation method avoids complex exponential or logarithmic operations, reducing code storage space and computational load while maintaining engineering applicability accuracy, thus ensuring long-term stable system operation.

[0064] This embodiment provides a thermal management method for an energy storage system, which can be used in the aforementioned computer equipment. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a thermal management method for an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S201: Calculate the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S101 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0065] Step S202: Determine the safe outlet water temperature setting value of the liquid cooling system based on the current dew point temperature, wherein the safe outlet water temperature setting value is higher than the current dew point temperature.

[0066] Specifically, step S202 includes: Step S2021: Add the current dew point temperature to the preset safety margin to obtain the safe outlet water temperature setting value.

[0067] The step of determining the minimum safe outlet water temperature setpoint for the liquid cooling system is achieved by adding the current dew point temperature to a preset safety margin. The calculation formula is: T_min_safe = T_dew + ΔT_safe. Here, T_dew represents the current dew point temperature calculated from real-time environmental parameters, and ΔT_safe is the preset safety margin parameter. This calculation process establishes a reliable anti-condensation safety boundary for the liquid cooling system, ensuring that the system maintains a safe state under various operating conditions.

[0068] In one example, the current dew point temperature data is derived from real-time system calculations, while the safety margin parameter is preset based on system characteristics. For instance, if the calculated current dew point temperature is 27°C and the preset safety margin is 3°C, the minimum safe outlet water temperature setting can be calculated using a formula to be 30°C. This setting ensures that the temperature remains consistently above the dew point, providing the necessary safety margin for the system to cope with environmental fluctuations and measurement errors, thereby fundamentally eliminating the risk of condensation.

[0069] Step S203: Obtain the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint based on battery temperature requirements. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1Step S103 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0070] Step S204: Compare the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint with the safe outlet water temperature setpoint, and determine the outlet water temperature control target of the liquid cooling system based on the larger value, in order to control the liquid cooling system. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S104 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0071] This embodiment provides a thermal management method for an energy storage system. Through a calculation mechanism that superimposes dew point temperature and safety margin, a reliable anti-condensation safety boundary is established for the liquid cooling system. This calculation method ensures that the minimum safe outlet water temperature is always higher than the dew point temperature with sufficient margin. Even under extreme conditions such as system fluctuations or heat loss, condensation can be prevented from the source, improving the system's adaptability to complex environments. Simultaneously, the calculation logic is simple and clear, reducing system control complexity and avoiding the high cost of traditional intelligent dehumidification devices. Furthermore, the minimum safe outlet water temperature setpoint output by the invention serves as the core safety benchmark for subsequent collaborative decision-making. By intelligently comparing it with the battery's heat dissipation requirements, energy efficiency optimization is achieved under safe conditions, aligning with the design goal of balancing safety and energy efficiency.

[0072] In one optional implementation, the above steps, prior to step S2021, further include: Step c1: Determine whether the conditions for activating the cooling mode are met based on the battery temperature data.

[0073] Step c2: If satisfied, proceed to calculate the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system.

[0074] If step c3 is not satisfied, the process ends.

[0075] Specifically, as the core component of an energy storage system, the battery's operating temperature directly affects the assessment of heat dissipation requirements. The liquid cooling system is only activated when the battery temperature exceeds the preset optimal operating range. Temperature data from each individual battery cell is collected in real-time via temperature acquisition elements connected to the battery management system. The acquisition frequency is set according to the system's operating state; for example, data is collected every 10 seconds when the battery is charging or discharging, and every minute in standby mode, to promptly capture temperature changes. The acquisition locations must cover critical areas of the battery pack, including the vicinity of the positive electrode, the central area, and the edge areas, to avoid judgment errors caused by localized temperature differences.

[0076] The core purpose of determining whether to activate the cooling mode is to avoid ineffective cooling. If the battery temperature is within the optimal operating range, there is no need to activate the liquid cooling system, and the process can be terminated to reduce system energy consumption and computing resource usage. The judgment logic needs to be set in conjunction with the characteristics of the battery type configured in the energy storage system. The basic principle is: only when the battery temperature exceeds the preset safe operating threshold and requires active cooling to achieve cooling will the subsequent dew point temperature calculation stage begin. For example, if the average battery temperature is not lower than 25°C and the maximum temperature does not exceed 28°C, it is determined that cooling does not need to be activated; if it exceeds this range, the cooling demand is triggered, and the subsequent anti-condensation control process begins.

[0077] When the determination result indicates that the cooling mode activation conditions are met, the system performs dew point temperature calculation. This step is crucial in bridging the battery's heat dissipation needs and the safe operation of the liquid cooling system. Its purpose is to set a safe temperature boundary for the liquid cooling system, ensuring that the battery temperature is effectively reduced during cooling while avoiding the risk of condensation due to excessively low coolant temperature. If the determination result indicates that the cooling activation conditions are not met, the current process ends. The overall process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0078] This invention, through the construction of a systematic cooling control process, achieves comprehensive optimization of thermal management in energy storage systems in terms of safety, energy efficiency, and reliability. This process, triggered by battery temperature monitoring, uses judgment logic to precisely control the cooling mode, preventing ineffective system operation. When cooling conditions are met, a safety boundary is established by introducing dew point temperature calculation to suppress condensation risks at the source. When conditions are not met, the process is terminated promptly, reducing system energy consumption and equipment wear. While ensuring battery heat dissipation requirements, it improves the system's adaptability to complex environments, contributing to energy-saving operation, preventing ineffective operation of components such as liquid cooling pumps and compressors, reducing overall system energy consumption, and decreasing the start-up and shutdown frequency of the liquid cooling system. This helps extend the service life of critical components and reduce system maintenance costs.

[0079] In some alternative implementations, step c1 above includes: Step d1: Determine whether the battery's highest temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and whether the battery's average temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold. The battery's highest temperature is the peak value in the battery's temperature data, and the battery's average temperature is the average value in the battery's temperature data.

[0080] Step d2: When the highest battery temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the average battery temperature is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, it is determined that the cooling activation condition is met.

[0081] Specifically, this embodiment of the invention employs a dual-threshold collaborative judgment mechanism to precisely control the activation of the cooling mode. This mechanism defines the battery's highest temperature as the maximum value among the collected temperature data, reflecting the temperature state of the hottest local area within the battery pack; and defines the battery's average temperature as the arithmetic mean of the collected temperature data, reflecting the overall temperature level of the battery pack. A first temperature threshold is set as the safety limit for the battery's highest temperature, and a second temperature threshold is set as the heat dissipation activation limit for the battery's average temperature, wherein the second temperature threshold is typically lower than the first temperature threshold.

[0082] The system determines to enter cooling mode only when both conditions are met: "maximum battery temperature ≥ first temperature threshold" and "average battery temperature ≥ second temperature threshold". For example, if the first temperature threshold is set to 28℃ and the second temperature threshold is set to 25℃: if the maximum battery temperature is 29℃ and the average temperature is 24℃, the activation condition is not met; if the maximum battery temperature is 27℃ and the average temperature is 26℃, the activation condition is not met; and if the maximum battery temperature is 29℃ and the average temperature is 26℃, the activation condition is met.

[0083] The embodiments of the present invention avoid false triggering that may be caused by a single temperature index through dual criteria, can identify the actual heat dissipation needs of the battery, and avoid false or delayed start-up of the cooling function caused by factors such as sensor noise, local short-term heating or uniform and slow rise of ambient temperature. Under the premise of ensuring battery safety, it reduces unnecessary operation of the thermal management system, improves the reliability and energy efficiency of the system, and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0084] This embodiment also provides an apparatus for thermal management of an energy storage system, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0085] This embodiment provides a thermal management method device for an energy storage system, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes: The dew point calculation module 401 is used to calculate the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system.

[0086] The safety boundary calculation module 402 is used to determine the safe outlet water temperature setpoint of the liquid cooling system based on the current dew point temperature, wherein the safe outlet water temperature setpoint is higher than the current dew point temperature.

[0087] The heat dissipation boundary calculation module 403 is used to obtain the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint based on the battery temperature requirement. The decision module 404 is used to compare the theoretical required outlet water temperature setpoint with the safe outlet water temperature setpoint, and determine the liquid cooling system outlet water temperature control target based on the larger value, so as to control the liquid cooling system.

[0088] The energy storage system thermal management method apparatus provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the energy storage system thermal management method provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method. Further functional descriptions of the various modules and units described above are the same as in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0089] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0090] The following is a detailed reference. Figure 5 This diagram illustrates a structural schematic suitable for implementing an electronic device according to embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., a central processing unit, graphics processor, etc.) 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 502 or a program loaded from memory 508 into random access memory (RAM) 503. RAM 503 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 501, ROM 502, and RAM 503 are interconnected via bus 504. Input / output (I / O) interface 505 is also connected to bus 504.

[0091] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 505: input devices 506 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 507 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; memory devices 508 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 509. Communication device 509 allows electronic devices to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 5 Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown, and more or fewer devices may be implemented or have instead.

[0092] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device 509, or installed from a memory 508, or installed from a ROM 502. When the computer program is executed by the processor 501, it performs the functions defined in an energy storage system thermal management method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0093] Figure 5 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0094] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, it implements the thermal management method for an energy storage system shown in the above embodiments.

[0095] A portion of this invention can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to the invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0096] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A thermal management method for an energy storage system, characterized in that, The method includes: Calculate the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system; Based on the current dew point temperature, a safe outlet water temperature setting value for the liquid cooling system is determined, wherein the safe outlet water temperature setting value is higher than the current dew point temperature; The theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint is obtained based on battery temperature requirements; The theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint is compared with the safe outlet water temperature setpoint, and the larger value is used to determine the outlet water temperature control target of the liquid cooling system in order to control the liquid cooling system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the safe outlet water temperature setpoint of the liquid cooling system based on the current dew point temperature includes: The current dew point temperature is added to the preset safety margin to obtain the safe outlet water temperature setting value.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before calculating the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system, the following is also included: Determine whether the conditions for activating the cooling mode are met based on the battery's temperature data; If the conditions for activating the cooling mode are met, then the step of calculating the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system is executed. If the conditions for activating the cooling mode are not met, the process returns to the step of determining whether the conditions for activating the cooling mode are met based on the battery temperature data.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The determination of whether the cooling activation conditions are met based on battery temperature data includes: Determine whether the highest battery temperature is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold and whether the average battery temperature is greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold. The highest battery temperature is the peak value of the battery temperature data, and the average battery temperature is the average value of the battery temperature data. When the highest temperature of the battery is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the average temperature of the battery is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, the cooling activation condition is determined to be met.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The step of comparing the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint with the safe outlet water temperature setpoint, and determining the outlet water temperature control target of the liquid cooling system based on the larger of the two values, in order to control the liquid cooling system, includes: When the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint is greater than or equal to the safe outlet water temperature setpoint, the liquid cooling system is controlled based on the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint. When the safe outlet water temperature setting value is greater than the theoretical outlet water temperature setting value, the safe outlet water temperature setting value is compared with the preset temperature upper limit value. If the safe outlet water temperature setting is less than or equal to the preset upper temperature limit, the liquid cooling system is controlled based on the safe outlet water temperature setting. If the set safe outlet water temperature is greater than the preset upper temperature limit, the liquid cooling system is controlled at the preset upper temperature limit, and a call signal to activate the dehumidification device is sent.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of comparing the theoretical outlet water temperature setpoint with the safe outlet water temperature setpoint and determining the outlet water temperature control target of the liquid cooling system based on the larger value, in order to control the liquid cooling system, further includes: Determine whether the difference between the currently calculated outlet water temperature control target and the outlet water temperature control target of the previous control cycle is less than a preset threshold. If the temperature is less than the preset threshold, the target water temperature control of the previous control cycle will remain unchanged. If the temperature is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the currently calculated outlet water temperature control target will be adopted.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation of the current dew point temperature inside the energy storage system includes: The current dew point temperature is calculated based on the current ambient temperature and relative humidity inside the energy storage system.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The calculation of the current dew point temperature based on the current ambient temperature and relative humidity inside the energy storage system includes: The current dew point temperature is calculated using the following formula: T_dew = T_in -(100 - RH_in) / x Where T_dew is the current dew point temperature, T_in is the current ambient temperature inside the energy storage system, RH_in is the current relative humidity inside the energy storage system, and x represents an empirical coefficient.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor are communicatively connected, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the thermal management strategy adjustment method based on dew point temperature as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the thermal management strategy adjustment method based on dew point temperature as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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