Long-distance high-roundness laser battery assembly distribution and series-parallel connection design method

Abstract

The invention discloses a remote high-roundness laser battery component distribution and series-parallel connection design method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: dividing a plane where a high-roundness hybrid laser battery component is located into annular areas, and subdividing each annular area into four independent laser battery arrays, the independent laser battery arrays are filled with laser battery monomers with equal or similar areas but different shapes, and a main positive electrode and a main negative electrode are led out from each independent laser battery array, so that the layout of the high-roundness hybrid laser battery assembly is completed; circuit series-parallel connection design is carried out on the back face of the substrate, and welding strips of the laser battery monomers penetrate through the hole seam sites to reach the back face of the substrate for bus bar welding. According to the invention, through laser cell module arrangement and series-parallel connection design optimization, while high roundness and high arrangement rate are ensured, the maximum power point mismatching degree caused by large area difference between single cells is reduced, the power loss is reduced, and the efficiency consistency of the single cells and the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to photovoltaic cells, and more particularly to a method for the arrangement and series-parallel connection design of high-roundness laser cell modules for remote applications. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation has become a highly promising development trend. Early photovoltaic cells were solar cells, mainly designed for the solar spectrum, and their efficiency was limited by the broad spectrum characteristics and low energy density of sunlight. With the development of high-energy laser technology, such as fiber lasers and semiconductor lasers, there is a need for an efficient and directional energy transmission and reception method, and laser cells have emerged to meet this need.

[0003] Laser batteries offer a controllable energy solution for wireless energy transmission scenarios such as space power stations, lunar base power supply, satellite constellation energy sharing, deep space probe endurance, and rapid drone power replenishment, as well as in harsh environments such as ground-based power generation without sunlight, large-scale power generation in deserts and wastelands, and emergency power supply for medical equipment.

[0004] Due to limitations in fabrication processes and grid current collection, individual laser cell arrays cannot achieve large areas and high output power. Therefore, reasonable cell placement and series-parallel connection designs are necessary to obtain large-area, high-power laser cell modules to meet the demands of long-distance wireless laser power transmission. Furthermore, area differences between individual laser cell arrays lead to inconsistent output currents, resulting in maximum power point mismatch and exacerbating overall output power loss. Moreover, the energy distribution of the laser spot, whether Gaussian or a flat-top distribution modulated by a special beam shaper, involves the issue of laser spot roundness. Ensuring high roundness and high cell placement ratio in the laser cell module is beneficial for improving laser utilization. CN119421508A discloses a design method for a long-distance laser cell module array for space use, employing laser cell arrays of different area sizes to form the module. However, in this method, the large differences in cell area size lead to low maximum power point matching, failing to effectively reduce power loss; and the designed laser cell module has low roundness, failing to effectively meet the requirements of high-roundness laser spots. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out high-roundness laser cell module layout and series-parallel connection design to improve module roundness and layout rate, uniformize the area of ​​individual laser cells, further reduce series-parallel connection losses, and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of laser cell modules to meet the needs of remote and efficient laser power replenishment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the layout and series-parallel connection design of a high-roundness laser cell module for remote use, which improves the roundness and layout rate of the module, uniformizes the area of ​​the laser cell, further reduces series-parallel losses, and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the laser cell module.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is a method for the placement and series-parallel connection design of a high-circularity laser cell module for remote applications, characterized by comprising: The plane containing the high-roundness hybrid laser cell module is divided into annular regions, and each annular region is further subdivided into four independent laser cell arrays. Each independent laser cell array is filled with laser cell cells of equal or similar area but different shapes. Each independent laser cell array leads out a main positive electrode and a main negative electrode, thus completing the layout of the high-roundness hybrid laser cell module. Based on the designed layout of the hybrid laser battery module, holes are drilled on the substrate to create the slots for each laser battery cell. The positive and negative electrodes of each laser cell are led out with solder ribbons, and each laser cell is attached to the front side of the substrate according to the hole and slot positions. A series-parallel circuit design is implemented on the back of the substrate, and the solder ribbons of each laser cell are passed through the hole seam to the back of the substrate for busbar welding.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer edge of the entire hybrid laser cell assembly is nearly circular, exhibiting high roundness.

[0008] Furthermore, all the individual laser cells constituting the hybrid laser cell assembly have the same or similar area.

[0009] Furthermore, the laser cell is rectangular, trapezoidal, or an irregular polygon in shape.

[0010] Furthermore, the high-roundness hybrid laser cell module is divided into an inner ring area, a middle ring area, and an outer ring area.

[0011] Furthermore, the method for arranging and connecting the laser cell units in the inner ring region and the middle ring region is as follows: the inner ring region and the middle ring region are divided into four quadrants, forming four independent laser cell arrays a and four independent laser cell arrays b, respectively. The laser cell units distributed in each quadrant of the ring are connected in parallel to lead out the main positive electrode and the main negative electrode.

[0012] Furthermore, the method for arranging and connecting the laser cell units in the outer ring area is as follows: within the outer ring area, the laser cell units in adjacent quadrants are merged into independent laser cell arrays to form four independent laser cell arrays c. The laser cell units in each independent laser cell array are connected in parallel to lead out the main positive electrode and the main negative electrode.

[0013] Furthermore, three main positive electrodes and three main negative electrodes are drawn out from each quadrant, forming two power output modes: Option A: Connect the four independent laser cell arrays within the same ring in series to form three positive and negative outputs; Option B: Connect each of the adjacent independent laser cell arrays a, b, and c in parallel to form 4 positive and negative outputs.

[0014] Furthermore, the substrate material can be aluminum or copper, and the substrate surface and the holes must be insulated.

[0015] Furthermore, when attaching each laser cell to the front side of the substrate, thermally conductive adhesive is applied to the back side of the laser cell and then attached to the front side of the substrate. After attachment, the cells are left to cure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) By designing the area and shape of the laser battery cell, the present invention makes the area between the laser battery cells as equal as possible, reduces the difference in output current between cells and the degree of mismatch of maximum power point, reduces power loss, and at the same time improves the roundness and distribution rate of the laser battery module, increases the absorption of laser, and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the laser battery module. (2) This invention adopts a hybrid and ring structure laser battery module layout design, rationally divides the independent laser battery array, optimizes the chip layout and wiring method, improves the flexibility of series and parallel connection, provides a variety of series and parallel connection schemes, and adapts to a variety of output current and voltage scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fabrication layout of the high-roundness hybrid laser battery module of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the region division of the high-roundness hybrid laser battery module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram (front view) of the circuit of the high roundness hybrid laser battery module of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit (back side) of the high-roundness hybrid laser battery module of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hole and slot locations on the substrate of the high-roundness hybrid laser battery module of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions and area of ​​a single laser battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of laser battery cell welding strips according to an embodiment of the present invention; Attached image labels: Independent laser cell array a in the inner ring area, independent laser cell array b in the middle ring area, independent laser cell array c in the outer ring area, three positive and negative electrodes in the first quadrant (a11 and a12, b11 and b12, c11 and c12), three positive and negative electrodes in the second quadrant (a21 and a22, b21 and b22, c21 and c22), three positive and negative electrodes in the third quadrant (a31 and a32, b31 and b32, c31 and c32), three positive and negative electrodes in the fourth quadrant (a41 and a42, b41 and b42, c41 and c42), solder strip 001, solder strip 002. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the layout and series-parallel connection design of high-roundness laser cell modules for long-distance use, which can be applied to the design process of photovoltaic cell modules for long-distance laser wireless power transmission.

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0021] This invention discloses a method for the layout and series-parallel connection of a high-roundness laser battery module for remote applications. A ring-shaped array of laser battery sheets is arranged on the plane containing the laser battery module. Individual laser battery cells of equal or similar area but different shapes are filled in different regions within this array to complete the layout of the high-roundness hybrid laser battery module. A substrate for attaching the high-roundness hybrid laser battery module is designed. Based on the designed layout, slots and holes are provided on the substrate. A series-parallel connection design is performed on the back side of the substrate, where the electrode ribbons of the individual cells are passed through the slots and holes to the back side of the substrate for welding and merging, and the resulting busbars serve as the main positive and negative electrodes.

[0022] The substrate material can be aluminum plate, copper plate or other metal heat-conducting plate, and the surface of the substrate and the holes must be insulated.

[0023] The laser cell can be rectangular, trapezoidal, irregular polygonal, or other shapes.

[0024] This invention provides a method for the layout and series-parallel connection design of high-roundness laser cell modules for remote applications. It designs the cell layout and series-parallel connection circuits for laser cell modules, optimizing the roundness and layout ratio of the cell modules and improving the flexibility of series-parallel connections. The technical solution of this invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Fabric design: like Figure 1 As shown, the plane containing the high-circularity hybrid laser cell module is divided into three annular regions: an inner ring, a middle ring, and an outer ring. Among them, as... Figure 2 As shown, the inner and middle ring regions are divided into four independent laser cell arrays according to quadrants (a and b); for the outer ring region, the laser cell units in adjacent quadrants are merged into independent laser cell arrays, thus forming four independent laser cell arrays (c).

[0025] Within the inner ring region, each independent laser cell array (a) is filled with rectangular laser cell units of equal or similar area; within the middle ring region, each independent laser cell array (b) is filled with rectangular or other polygonal laser cell units of equal or similar area; within the outer ring region, each independent laser cell array (c) is filled with rectangular or other polygonal laser cell units of equal or similar area. By using laser cell units of equal or similar area but different shapes for reasonable filling, the high roundness and high array coverage of the laser cell assembly are ensured.

[0026] Series and parallel design: like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, within each independent laser cell array, the top electrode of each laser cell is led out using solder ribbons, passed through the vias to the back of the substrate, and then merged to form the main negative electrode; similarly, the back electrode of each laser cell is led out using solder ribbons, passed through the vias to the back of the substrate, and then merged to form the main positive electrode. Three main positive electrodes and three main negative electrodes are led out from each quadrant, resulting in two power output modes: Option 1: Connect the four independent laser cell arrays within the same ring in series to form three positive and negative outputs; Option 2: Connect each of the adjacent independent laser cell arrays (a, b, and c) in parallel to form 4 positive and negative outputs.

[0027] Substrate hole design: like Figure 5 As shown, based on the designed layout of the hybrid laser cell module, holes are drilled at the locations of each laser cell on the substrate, and holes are also drilled near the edge of the substrate for subsequent fixing with heat dissipation devices such as heat sinks. The entire substrate surface and the inside of the holes are insulated.

[0028] This invention optimizes the laser cell module layout and series-parallel connection design, ensuring high roundness and high cell layout rate while reducing the maximum power point mismatch caused by large area differences between individual cells, thereby reducing power loss, improving the consistency of individual cell efficiency and the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module.

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. Example

[0030] This embodiment provides a method for the placement and series-parallel connection design of a high-circularity laser cell module for remote applications, including the following: like Figure 1 As shown, the plane containing the high-circularity hybrid laser cell module is divided into three annular regions: an inner ring, a middle ring, and an outer ring. Figure 2 As shown, the inner and middle ring regions are divided into four independent laser cell arrays according to quadrants (a and b); for the outer ring region, the laser cell units in adjacent quadrants are merged into independent laser cell arrays, thus forming four independent laser cell arrays (c).

[0031] like Figure 6 As shown, 96 pieces with an area of ​​14.06 cm² were used respectively. 2 The rectangular laser cell (38 mm long, 37 mm wide) consists of 8 cells (4 pairs, considered as one pair if symmetrical about any side length as an axis), with an area of ​​16.10 cm². 2 The trapezoidal laser cell unit (top 10 mm, bottom 36 mm, height 70 mm), consisting of 8 cells (4 pairs), has an area of ​​13.98 cm². 2 A total of 112 irregular quadrilateral laser cell units (with side lengths of 61.5 mm, 48 mm, 38 mm, and 16 mm respectively) were used to fill the annular area.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, within the inner ring region, each independent laser cell array (a) is filled with 9 rectangular laser cell units, totaling 36 units; within the middle ring region, each independent laser cell array (b) is filled with 7 rectangular and 2 (pair) irregular quadrilateral laser cell units, totaling 36 units; within the outer ring region, each independent laser cell array (c) is filled with 8 rectangular and 2 (pair) trapezoidal laser cell units, totaling 40 units. The laser cell units are used to form a laser cell module with a diameter of 473 mm and a cell coverage rate of 90.51%.

[0033] like Figure 7As shown, for the rectangular laser cell, a 25 mm long, 5 mm wide, and 0.05 mm thick solder ribbon 001 is used to weld the two top electrodes of the cell, and a 25 mm long, 8 mm wide, and 0.05 mm thick solder ribbon 002 is used to weld the one back electrode of the cell; for the trapezoidal laser cell, solder ribbon 001 is used to weld the four top electrodes of the cell, and solder ribbon 002 is used to weld the two back electrodes of the cell; for the irregular quadrilateral laser cell, solder ribbon 001 is used to weld the two top electrodes of the cell, and solder ribbon 002 is used to weld the one back electrode of the cell.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, based on the layout of the hybrid laser cell module, holes for each laser cell are drilled on an aluminum substrate with an area of ​​600 mm * 600 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. The hole corresponding to the top electrode is 7 mm long and 1 mm wide, centered on the top electrode; the hole corresponding to the back electrode is 10 mm long and 1 mm wide, centered on the back electrode. Holes with a diameter of 5.5 mm and a spacing of 285 mm between adjacent holes are also drilled near the edges of the substrate (top, bottom, left, right, and four corners) for subsequent fixing with heat dissipation devices such as heat sinks. The entire substrate surface and the inside of the holes are insulated.

[0035] Thermally conductive adhesive is applied to the substrate surface. Based on the layout of the hybrid laser cell module, each laser cell is attached to the front side of the substrate, and each solder ribbon passes through the corresponding holes / slots on the substrate to the back side. For example... Figure 4 As shown, within each independent laser cell array, the solder strips connected to the top electrodes of each laser cell are connected and merged through a 10 mm wide and 0.1 mm thick busbar to form the main negative electrode; the solder strips connected to the back electrodes of each laser cell are connected and merged through a 10 mm wide and 0.1 mm thick busbar to form the main positive electrode. Three main positive electrodes (blue line, magenta line, and red line) and three main negative electrodes (all orange lines) are drawn out from each quadrant, forming two power output modes: Option 1: Connect the four independent laser cell arrays within the same ring in series to form three positive and negative outputs; Option 2: Connect each of the adjacent independent laser cell arrays (a, b, and c) in parallel to form 4 positive and negative outputs.

[0036] The above description illustrates specific embodiments and implementation examples of the present invention. This laser cell module layout and series-parallel design method effectively solves the light absorption problem caused by uneven distribution of remote laser light intensity and reduces current loss by rationally dividing the independent laser cell array, optimizing the layout method, improving the module roundness and layout rate. By adopting a strategy of using laser cell units with equal or similar areas, the matching degree of maximum power points between units is improved, reducing single-line power loss. By optimizing the wiring design, the flexibility of series and parallel connections is improved, providing multiple series and parallel connection schemes, reducing series and parallel power loss, and adapting to various output current and voltage scenarios, laying the foundation for the subsequent fabrication of remote laser cell modules.

[0037] The above description is merely the technical concept and specific implementation method of this application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of this invention fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to seek protection including these modifications and variations.

[0038] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for the layout and series-parallel connection design of a high-roundness laser cell module for remote applications, characterized in that, include: The plane containing the high-roundness hybrid laser cell module is divided into annular regions, and each annular region is further subdivided into four independent laser cell arrays. Each independent laser cell array is filled with laser cell cells of equal or similar area but different shapes. Each independent laser cell array leads out a main positive electrode and a main negative electrode, thus completing the layout of the high-roundness hybrid laser cell module. Based on the designed layout of the hybrid laser battery module, holes are drilled on the substrate to create the slots for each laser battery cell. The positive and negative electrodes of each laser cell are led out with solder ribbons, and each laser cell is attached to the front side of the substrate according to the hole and slot positions. A series-parallel circuit design is implemented on the back of the substrate, and the solder ribbons of each laser cell are passed through the hole seam to the back of the substrate for busbar welding.

2. The method for arranging and serial-parallel connecting high-roundness laser cell modules for remote applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The entire hybrid laser cell assembly has a nearly circular outer edge, exhibiting high roundness.

3. The method for arranging and serial-parallel connecting high-roundness laser cell modules for remote applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the individual laser cells that make up the hybrid laser cell assembly have the same or similar area.

4. The method for arranging and serial-parallel connecting high-circularity laser cell modules for remote applications according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser cell is rectangular, trapezoidal, or an irregular polygon.

5. The method for arranging and serial-parallel connecting high-roundness laser cell modules for remote applications according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-roundness hybrid laser battery module is divided into an inner ring area, a middle ring area, and an outer ring area.

6. The method for arranging and serial-parallel connecting high-circularity laser cell modules for remote applications according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for arranging and connecting the laser cell units in the inner ring area and the middle ring area is as follows: the inner ring area and the middle ring area are divided into four quadrants, forming four independent laser cell arrays a and four independent laser cell arrays b, respectively. The laser cell units distributed in each quadrant of the ring are connected in parallel to lead out the main positive electrode and the main negative electrode.

7. The method for arranging and serial-parallel connecting high-roundness laser cell modules for remote applications according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for arranging and connecting the laser cell units in the outer ring area is as follows: In the outer ring area, the laser cell units in adjacent quadrants are merged into independent laser cell arrays to form four independent laser cell arrays c. The laser cell units in each independent laser cell array are connected in parallel to lead out the main positive electrode and the main negative electrode.

8. A method for the layout and series-parallel connection design of a high-roundness laser cell module for remote use according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: Each quadrant has three main positive electrodes and three main negative electrodes, resulting in two power output modes: Option A: Connect the four independent laser cell arrays within the same ring in series to form three positive and negative outputs; Option B: Connect each of the adjacent independent laser cell arrays a, b, and c in parallel to form 4 positive and negative outputs.

9. The method for arranging and serial-parallel connecting high-roundness laser cell modules for remote applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate is made of aluminum or copper, and the surface and pores of the substrate must be insulated.

10. The method for arranging and serial-parallel connecting high-roundness laser cell modules for remote applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: When attaching each laser cell to the front side of the substrate, apply thermally conductive adhesive to the back side of the laser cell and attach it to the front side of the substrate. After attachment, allow it to stand and cure.

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