Photovolumetric change measuring device and optical blood pressure measuring device

Abstract

The present invention provides a photoplethysmography (PPG) measurement apparatus, comprising: an outer housing, a light source, a light source, a light source, a light source, a light source, a light source, a light source, a light source, a light source, and a light source; the inner shell is coupled with the outer shell, the inner shell and the outer shell can move relatively, an accommodating space is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell and is used for accommodating an object to be measured, and the space size of the accommodating space is changed along with the relative movement between the outer shell and the inner shell; the first magnetic unit is arranged on the surface of the outer side of the outer shell; the second magnetic unit is arranged on the inner shell inner side surface of the inner shell; the optical signal module is coupled with the outer shell and is configured to measure the object to be measured; magnetic acting force exists between the first magnetic unit and the second magnetic unit, and the magnetic acting force drives the space size of the containing space to be matched with the object size of the object to be measured.

Description

Photoplethysmography measurement device and optical blood pressure measurement device Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical measurement, and more particularly, to a photoplethysmography (PPG) measurement device and an optical blood pressure measurement device. Background Art

[0002] Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a method for measuring and calculating blood pressure. However, when using PPG for measurement and calculation, if pressure is applied to the object being measured and its surroundings, the PPG waveform can become highly unstable. Not only does the PPG waveform continuously change, but each waveform exhibits significant differences, and the PPG waveform may even gradually disappear. Therefore, it is crucial to minimize the pressure on the object being measured.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention is made in view of the above problems and provides a PPG measurement device and an optical blood pressure measurement device.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, in a first aspect of the present invention, the PPG measurement module includes: an outer shell; an inner shell, which is coupled to the outer shell and can move relative to the outer shell, wherein: the outer shell and the inner shell include a accommodating space to accommodate an object to be measured, and the spatial size of the accommodating space changes with the relative movement between the outer shell and the inner shell; a first magnetic unit, which is arranged on an outer shell surface of the outer shell; a second magnetic unit, which is arranged on an inner shell surface of the inner shell; and an optical signal module, which is coupled to the outer shell and configured to measure the object to be measured, wherein there is a magnetic force between the first magnetic unit and the second magnetic unit, and the magnetic force drives the spatial size of the accommodating space to adapt to an object size of the object to be measured.

[0006] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the optical signal module is used to receive a detection light after measuring the object to be measured via an emitted light or to emit the emitted light, and the emitted light has a light-emitting wavelength, and the light-emitting wavelength is selected based on the influence of blood oxygen concentration on light absorption rate.

[0007] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the light emission wavelength is selected from a low blood oxygen-affected light band in which the light absorption rate is not affected by the blood oxygen concentration.

[0008] Some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention further include: an outer cover, which is coupled to the outer shell to form a first component combination; and an inner cover, which is coupled to the inner shell to form a second component combination, and the accommodating space is generated between the inner cover and the inner shell.

[0009] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the inner shell further includes: an inner shell base, which is coupled to the inner cover, wherein: the accommodating space is formed by the inner shell base and the inner cover, and the first element combination covers the inner shell base and the inner cover; and an elastic wing, which protrudes outward from one of the two sides of the inner shell base and extends along the outer shell surface of the outer shell to cover the outer shell, wherein: the second magnetic unit is arranged on an inner wing surface of the elastic wing, an elastic force of the elastic wing and one of the magnetic force drive the outer shell to approach the outer cover so that the spatial size of the accommodating space adapts to the object size of the object to be measured, and the interaction between the magnetic force and the elastic force reduces the pressure applied by the inner cover to the object to be measured.

[0010] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the outer shell includes a first sliding portion, the outer cover includes a second sliding portion, and the first sliding portion and the second sliding portion are slidably coupled so that the first sliding portion and the second sliding portion can move relative to each other to adjust the spatial size of the accommodating space.

[0011] Some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention further include: a connecting shaft, which is coupled to the outer cover, wherein: the first sliding part includes a first sliding shaft and a first sliding rail, the second sliding part includes a second sliding rail, the first sliding shaft and the second sliding rail are slidably coupled so that the first sliding shaft can slide in the second sliding rail along a first sliding direction, and the connecting shaft and the first sliding rail are slidably coupled so that the connecting shaft can slide in the first sliding rail along a second sliding direction.

[0012] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the second element combination has an opening portion and a joining portion, and the inner surface of the inner shell has an inclination angle in a front-to-back direction from the opening portion to the joining portion, so that an opening cross-sectional area of ​​the accommodating space at the opening portion is larger than a joining cross-sectional area of ​​the joining portion.

[0013] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the joint has a joint plane, the middle of the inner surface of the inner shell has a middle oblique line along the front-to-back direction, and the middle oblique line has an inclination angle of 3-7 degrees with a normal line of the joint plane.

[0014] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the inner surface of the inner shell includes an inner shell friction portion adjacent to the accommodating space, and the inner shell friction portion has a higher friction coefficient than other portions of the inner surface of the inner shell.

[0015] To address the aforementioned issues, in a second aspect of the present invention, the optical blood pressure measurement device includes: a magnetic levitation measurement device, wherein the magnetic levitation measurement device is a PPG measurement device as described in some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention; and a computing module coupled to the magnetic levitation device for calculating blood pressure data based on a measurement signal obtained by the magnetic levitation device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The various aspects of the present invention can be best understood from the following detailed disclosure and the corresponding figures. Various features are not drawn to scale. The dimensions of various features may be arbitrarily increased or decreased for clarity of discussion.

[0017] FIG1 shows a block diagram of an optical physiological signal measurement device according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the absorption spectra of the emitted light in HbO 2 and Hb, respectively, according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0019] 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams showing PPG signal waveforms of the object under test and its surroundings under no pressure and with pressure applied, respectively, according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG4A is a perspective view showing the optical physiological signal measuring device shown in FIG1 measuring an object to be measured according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 4B shows a perspective view of the clip-on metrology device illustrated in FIG. 4A , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 5 shows an exploded view of the clip-on measurement device shown in FIG. 4B along an assembly direction according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0023] 6A-6C are perspective views of the outer cover, outer shell, and connecting portion shown in FIG. 5 , respectively, according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 7A shows a top view of the clip-on metrology device illustrated in FIG. 4B , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0025] 7B shows a cross-sectional view of the clip-on metrology device taken along line C1 - C1 of FIG. 7A , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 7C shows an enlarged view of the region E1 illustrated in FIG. 7B , according to one or more techniques of this disclosure.

[0027] FIG7D shows a cross-sectional view of the clip-on measuring device shown in FIG7B after the inner cover and the inner housing have moved relative to each other along the assembly direction according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0028] 8A shows a cross-sectional view of the clip-on metrology device taken along line C2 - C2 of FIG. 7A , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG8B is a schematic diagram showing the clip-on measuring device shown in FIG8A when its accommodation space is expanded according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG9 shows a perspective view of another clip-on measurement device 500 , according to one or more techniques of this disclosure.

[0031] 10A shows a perspective view of a ring-type measurement device according to one or more techniques of this disclosure.

[0032] FIG10B is a schematic diagram showing the ring-shaped measurement device shown in FIG10A measuring an object to be measured according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram showing the loop element illustrated in FIG. 10A in a flattened state, according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0034] 11B shows a perspective view of the loop element illustrated in FIG. 10A in a ring-shaped state, according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIG. 11C shows a perspective view of the optical signal module illustrated in FIG. 10A , according to one or more techniques of this disclosure.

[0036] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the material of the loop element illustrated in FIG. 10A according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0037] FIG. 13 shows an enlarged view of the region E2 illustrated in FIG. 10B , according to one or more techniques of this disclosure.

[0038] 14A shows a perspective view of another ring-type measurement device according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0039] 14B shows a top perspective view of the ring-type measurement device illustrated in FIG. 14A , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0040] 15A shows a top perspective view of the ring-type measurement device illustrated in FIG. 14A , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0041] 15B shows a cross-sectional view of the ring-type measurement device taken along line C3 - C3 of FIG. 15A , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following disclosure contains specific information related to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The drawings and the accompanying detailed disclosure in this disclosure are directed only to exemplary embodiments. However, the present disclosure is not limited to these exemplary embodiments. Other variations and embodiments of the present disclosure will occur to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise indicated, identical or corresponding elements in the drawings may be represented by identical or corresponding reference numerals. In addition, the drawings and illustrations in this disclosure are generally not drawn to scale and do not necessarily correspond to actual relative dimensions.

[0043] For the purpose of consistency and ease of understanding, similar features are identified by numbers in the exemplary figures (although not shown in some examples). However, features in different embodiments may differ in other aspects and should not be narrowly limited to those shown in the figures.

[0044] This disclosure uses phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," and the like, which may each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments. The term "coupled" is defined as directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate elements, and is not necessarily limited to physical connections. The term "comprising" means "including but not necessarily limited to," and specifically indicates open inclusion or membership in the above combinations, groups, series, and equivalents.

[0045] In addition, for purposes of explanation and non-limiting, specific details such as functional entities, technologies, protocols, standards, etc. are set forth to provide an understanding of the described technology. In other instances, detailed disclosure of well-known methods, technologies, systems, architectures, etc. is omitted to avoid obscuring the disclosure with unnecessary detail.

[0046] FIG1 shows a block diagram of an optical physiological signal measurement device 1 according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. The optical physiological signal measurement device 1 includes a computing module 110 and an optical module 120. The computing module 110 and the optical module 120 can be coupled wired or wirelessly. FIG1 illustrates an example of an optical physiological signal measurement device 1. The optical physiological signal measurement device 1 may include more or fewer components than shown, or may have different configurations of the components shown. Additional components may be added, or fewer components may be used, without departing from the present disclosure.

[0047] In some embodiments, the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 can be used to measure various physiological data. This physiological data may include blood pressure data, blood oxygen concentration data, blood flow rate data, blood viscosity data, and at least one of other physiological data. In some embodiments, when the physiological data is blood pressure data, the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 can be an optical blood pressure measurement device. In some embodiments, the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 can measure various physiological data using photoplethysmography (PPG) measurement methods. Therefore, the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 can also function as a PPG measurement device.

[0048] The computing module 110 can be an electronic device, including any device configured to control the optical module 120 and receive measurement results. The optical module 120 can be an optical device configured to emit light having a wavelength, receive detection light from the emitted light to perform PPG measurement, and transmit the measurement results to the computing module 110. The computing module 110 can communicate with the optical module 120 via a communication medium, either wired or wirelessly, to calculate physiological data, including blood pressure data, based on the detection light.

[0049] The computing module 110 may be a mobile phone, tablet computer, desktop computer, laptop computer, server, network computing system or other electronic device. The computing module 110 may include more or fewer components than shown, or have a different configuration of the various components shown.

[0050] The computing module 110 can be implemented as any of a variety of suitable processing circuits, such as one or more microprocessors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), system-on-a-chip (SoCs), digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), discrete logic, software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When partially implemented in software, the device can store a program having computer-executable instructions of the software in a suitable non-transitory computer-readable medium and use one or more processors to execute the computer-executable instructions in hardware to perform the disclosed methods.

[0051] The computing module 110 and the optical module 120 may utilize custom protocols or comply with existing standards or de facto standards, including, but not limited to, Ethernet, IEEE 802.11 or IEEE 802.15 series, Wireless USB, or telecommunications standards, including, but not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Code-Division Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA2000), Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Third Generation Partnership Project Long-Term Evolution (3GPP-LTE), or Time-Division LTE (TD-LTE). The computing module 110 and the optical module 120 may each include a device configured to transmit and / or store the measurement results via a communication medium and to receive the measurement results via a communication medium.

[0052] The computing module 110 may include a computer system interface that enables the plurality of detected images to be stored on a storage device or to be received from a storage device. For example, the computing module 110 may include a chipset that supports the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) and Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) bus protocols, proprietary bus protocols, Universal Serial Bus (USB) protocols, Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) protocols, or any other logical and physical structure that can be used to interconnect peer devices.

[0053] The optical module 120 may further include a light source module 121 and a light measurement module 122. In some embodiments, when the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 is used as a PPG measurement device, the optical module 120 may also serve as a PPG measurement module. Therefore, the light source module 121 may be used as a PPG light source module for emitting light for PPG measurement, while the light measurement module 122 may be used as a PPG light measurement module for receiving detection light. The detection light may be an optical signal generated by changes in the emitted light after PPG measurement.

[0054] The emitted light has a wavelength. In order to ensure that the physiological data of the detection light after the PPG measurement is not affected by changes in blood oxygen concentration, the wavelength of the emitted light can be selected from a low blood oxygenation-affected light band to avoid unnecessary deviations in the physiological data caused by changes in blood oxygen concentration. In some embodiments, the low blood oxygenation-affected light band includes multiple wavelengths of light having the same or similar light absorption coefficients in multiple test objects with different blood oxygen concentrations. Therefore, when the wavelength is selected from the low blood oxygenation-affected light band, the emitted light has the same or similar light absorption coefficients for different test objects with different blood oxygen concentrations. In some embodiments, the test object may include a fingertip, knuckle, wrist, arm, forehead, temple, ear, or other body part of the subject.

[0055] In some embodiments, when the optical module 120, serving as the PPG measurement module, is used to measure blood pressure data, if the emission wavelength of the emitted light is selected from the hypoxic light band, the emitted light can reduce the effect of the various blood oxygen concentrations on the light absorption coefficient of the multiple test subjects. Therefore, regardless of the blood oxygen concentration, the detection light is less likely to absorb unequal amounts of light energy due to the different blood oxygen concentrations of the test subjects. Therefore, by selecting the emission wavelength, the deviation of the blood pressure data can be reduced.

[0056] In the optical module 120, the blood oxygen concentration data can be calculated by the absorption difference of the emitted light having the emission wavelength by different types of hemoglobin in the blood. In normal blood, hemoglobin is mainly composed of oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxyhemoglobin (Hb). Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the absorption spectra of the emitted light in HbO2 and Hb, respectively, according to one or more technologies disclosed herein. As shown in Figure 2, at different light wavelengths, the emitted light has respective light absorption coefficients for HbO2 and Hb. When the light absorption coefficient is higher, the object to be measured has a higher light absorption rate for the emitted light.

[0057] At multiple specific wavelengths, the absorption spectrum of HbO2 will produce multiple spectral intersections with the absorption spectrum of Hb. At these spectral intersections, the optical absorption coefficient of the emitted light in HbO2 will be exactly equal to the optical absorption coefficient of Hb, and therefore the optical absorption rate of the emitted light in HbO2 will also be exactly equal to the optical absorption rate of Hb. In some embodiments, these spectral intersections may include, but are not limited to, wavelengths of 390 nm, 422 nm, 452 nm, 500 nm, 530 nm, 546 nm, 570 nm, 584 nm, and 796 nm.

[0058] When the optical absorption coefficient of the emitted light at one of the multiple specific wavelengths is equal to the optical absorption coefficient of Hb in the multiple test subjects, the concentration ratio of HbO2 to Hb in the multiple test subjects does not affect the optical absorption coefficient of the emitted light in the multiple test subjects. In other words, when the wavelength of the emitted light is one of the multiple specific wavelengths, the blood oxygen concentration does not affect the optical absorption coefficient of the emitted light in the multiple test subjects, thereby eliminating the influence of blood oxygen concentration on the optical absorption coefficient and the resulting impact on the physiological data measurement accuracy of the detection light. Therefore, when the wavelength of the emitted light is one of the multiple specific wavelengths, the emitted light has the same optical absorption coefficient in the multiple test subjects with different blood oxygen concentrations. In some embodiments, the multiple specific wavelengths may be wavelengths that are not affected by blood oxygen. In some embodiments, the spectral intersection points may also include several closely spaced intersection points in the wavelength band between 260 nm and 344 nm. In other words, in the optical wavelength range between 260 nm and 344 nm, the emitted light has a very small difference in light absorption coefficient among the multiple test objects with different blood oxygen concentrations.

[0059] In certain light bands, the absorption spectrum of HbO2 is higher than that of Hb. In these light bands, the optical absorption coefficient of the emitted light in HbO2 is greater than the optical absorption coefficient of Hb. In some embodiments, these light bands may include, but are not limited to, wavelengths of 390 nm to 422 nm, 452 nm to 500 nm, 530 nm to 546 nm, 570 nm to 584 nm, and 796 nm to 1000 nm.

[0060] In another portion of the optical wavelength band, the absorption spectrum of HbO2 is lower than that of Hb. In this other portion of the optical wavelength band, the optical absorption coefficient of the emitted light in HbO2 is lower than the optical absorption coefficient of Hb. In some embodiments, this other portion of the optical wavelength band may include, but is not limited to, wavelengths of 422nm-452nm, 500nm-530nm, 546nm-570nm, and 584nm-796nm.

[0061] During PPG measurement, the emitted light serving as the PPG signal is affected by the different optical absorption coefficients of Hb and HbO2. Therefore, to minimize PPG signal variations caused by blood oxygen levels, the emitted light's wavelength can be selected from the hypoxemia-affecting light band, specifically the spectral intersection points on the absorption spectra of Hb and HbO2, or wavelengths adjacent to these spectral intersection points. Because the number of these spectral intersection points is greater than one, the hypoxemia-affecting light band can include multiple sub-hypoxemia-affecting light bands. Each sub-hypoxemia-affecting light band includes a corresponding non-hypoxemia-affecting wavelength and multiple hypoxemia-affecting wavelengths adjacent to the corresponding non-hypoxemia-affecting wavelength. In some embodiments, because the spectral intersection points are the non-hypoxemia-affecting wavelengths, the wavelengths adjacent to these spectral intersection points can each be the hypoxemia-affecting wavelength.

[0062] In some embodiments, the multiple hypoxemia-affecting wavelengths may include multiple similar wavelengths that are based on the spectral intersection points plus or minus a wavelength deviation value. In other words, in some embodiments, the multiple hypoxemia-affecting wavelengths may include multiple similar wavelengths that are based on the non-hyperxemia-affecting wavelengths plus or minus the wavelength deviation value. In some embodiments, the wavelength deviation value may be any value between 1 and 5 nm. In some embodiments, the wavelength deviation value is no greater than 30 nm.

[0063] In some embodiments, the multiple hypoxemia-affecting wavelengths may include multiple similar wavelengths of light having similar absorption coefficients for the emitted light in the multiple test subjects at different blood oxygen concentrations. In other words, in some embodiments, the multiple hypoxemia-affecting wavelengths may include the multiple similar wavelengths of light having similar absorption coefficients that are close to the wavelengths without the hypoxemia-affecting wavelengths. In some embodiments, when the difference in absorption coefficients between the different light absorption coefficients for the emitted light in the multiple test subjects at different blood oxygen concentrations is less than a deviation threshold, the emission wavelength of the emitted light may be considered to belong to the multiple similar wavelengths. In some embodiments, the difference in absorption coefficients may be represented by a ratio of the difference in light absorption coefficients for the emitted light in the multiple test subjects at different blood oxygen concentrations. In some embodiments, the difference in absorption coefficients may be represented by a ratio of the difference in light absorption coefficients for HbO2 to that for Hb. In some embodiments, the deviation threshold may be 5%-30%. Therefore, when the deviation threshold is 10%, as long as the difference ratio between the light absorption coefficient of HbO2 and the light absorption coefficient of Hb at the emission wavelength is less than or equal to 10%, the emission wavelength belongs to the multiple similar light wavelengths. In some embodiments, the difference ratio between the light absorption coefficient of HbO2 and the light absorption coefficient of Hb can be used to directly determine the multiple similar light wavelengths surrounding the wavelength without blood oxygen influence.

[0064] For example, the emitted light has a first light absorption rate and a first light absorption coefficient in a first test object having a first blood oxygen concentration, and the emitted light has a second light absorption rate and a second light absorption coefficient in a second test object having a second blood oxygen concentration. The first blood oxygen concentration is different from the second blood oxygen concentration. In some embodiments, when the difference between the first light absorption rate and the second light absorption rate is less than an absorption rate deviation threshold, the emission wavelength belongs to the multiple similar light wavelengths. The absorption rate deviation threshold may be 3%-10%. In another embodiment, when the difference between the first light absorption coefficient and the second light absorption coefficient is less than an absorption coefficient deviation threshold, the emission wavelength belongs to the multiple similar light wavelengths. The absorption coefficient deviation threshold may be 5%-30%. In another example, the emitted light has a third light absorption rate and a third light absorption coefficient in HbO2, and a fourth light absorption rate and a fourth light absorption coefficient in Hb. In some embodiments, when the difference between the third light absorption coefficient and the fourth light absorption coefficient is less than the absorption coefficient deviation threshold, the luminescence wavelength belongs to the plurality of similar light wavelengths. In another embodiment, when the difference between the third light absorption coefficient and the fourth light absorption coefficient is less than the absorption coefficient deviation threshold, the luminescence wavelength belongs to the plurality of similar light wavelengths.

[0065] When the optical module 120 performs various physiological data through PPG, the optical module 120 may include a reflective optical module and a transmissive optical module. In some embodiments, when the optical module 120 is a reflective optical module, the reflective optical module has a larger alternating current (AC) signal and an obvious characteristic signal for the PPG signal with a shorter wavelength. In addition, the distance from the light source module 121 of the reflective optical module to the light measurement module 122 is usually shorter, which helps to reduce the impact of motion artifacts. Therefore, the light source module 121 of the reflective optical module can select a shorter wavelength of light in the light band affecting low blood oxygen changes. For example: in the wavelength band below 620nm, the wavelength of light in the sub-low blood oxygen change affecting light band around the wavelength without blood oxygen influence can be arbitrarily selected as the light wavelength of the emitted light.

[0066] In some other embodiments, when the optical module 120 is a penetrating optical module, since the emitted light with a shorter wavelength is more easily completely absorbed by the multiple objects to be tested, the emitted light can select a light wavelength with a longer wavelength as the luminous wavelength, so that the emitted light can penetrate the multiple objects to be tested. For example: in the wavelength band above 750nm, the light wavelength in the sub-low blood oxygen change affecting light band around the no blood oxygen affecting wavelength can be arbitrarily selected as the luminous wavelength of the emitted light.

[0067] According to Figure 2, the wavelength band above 750nm has only one spectral intersection point, which is at a wavelength of 796nm. In other words, the hypoxic light band may only include a sub-hypoxic light band centered around a wavelength of 796nm. In some embodiments, in the 796nm-800nm ​​light band, the difference ratio between the optical absorption coefficient of HbO2 and the optical absorption coefficient of Hb is very low. Even under different measurement methods, this spectral intersection point may be measured and identified as a wavelength of 800nm. Therefore, the hypoxic light band may include 796nm, which serves as the no-hypoxic wavelength, and multiple similar wavelengths between 796nm and 800nm, which serve as the hypoxic light band. In some embodiments, when the optical module 120 is a transmissive optical module, the light band affecting hypoxia is the light band between 796nm and 800nm, which has the lowest impact on blood oxygen concentration. Therefore, when measuring various physiological data through PPG, the deviation value of PPG caused by blood oxygen changes will be minimized, and the transmissive optical module has the highest accuracy in the light band between 796nm and 800nm.

[0068] In some embodiments, when the optical module 120 is a reflective optical module, common light-emitting diode (LED) light sources currently available on the market include green LEDs with emission wavelengths of 530nm and 550nm. These light sources are primarily used for heart rate measurement and have excellent anti-interference capabilities, making them suitable as the light source module 121 for blood pressure measurement. In other embodiments, when the optical module 120 is a transmissive optical module, infrared LEDs with wavelengths between 796nm and 800nm ​​may also be used as the light source module 121. In some embodiments, in addition to LEDs, laser light sources may also be used as the light source module 121 to obtain a narrower and more precise wavelength range. In some embodiments, the light measurement module 122 may be a photodiode (PD), which generates an electrical signal from the detected light to generate the desired physiological data. In some embodiments, the light measurement module 122 may also be other photosensitive elements.

[0069] When using the optical module 120 to measure physiological data using the PPG feature, the optical module 120 is placed on the object to be measured. To ensure that the optical module 120 is securely placed on the object to be measured for stable measurement, the object to be measured may be compressed by the optical module 120. However, the pressure exerted by this compression may cause distortion of the PPG signal during the physiological data measurement process.

[0070] Figures 3A and 3B illustrate schematic diagrams of PPG signal waveforms for an object under test and its surroundings, respectively, when no pressure is applied and when pressure is applied, according to one or more techniques disclosed herein. As shown in Figure 3A , when no pressure is applied to the object under test and its surroundings, the PPG waveforms generated by the optical module 120 are stable and show little variation. However, as shown in Figure 3B , when pressure is applied to the object under test and its surroundings, the PPG waveforms generated by the optical module 120 continue to vary and show significant variation, and even show a tendency for the PPG waveforms to gradually disappear. Therefore, when the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 performs physiological data measurement, whether using a transmissive or reflective method, in addition to considering the wavelength of the emitted light, it is also necessary to consider how to reduce the pressure applied by the optical module 120 on the object under test. Therefore, the optical module 120 needs to reduce the pressure caused by its restraint and clamping force on the object to be measured, thereby maintaining a stable physiological signal and reducing waveform pollution, deformation and distortion caused during the measurement process, so as to ensure that the quality of the physiological signal is sufficient to be used correctly in the measurement of the physiological data.

[0071] The optical module 120 can be housed in a low-pressure device or a pressure-free device. The low-pressure device or the pressure-free device may include additional space to accommodate sensor modules such as the light source module 121 and the light measurement module 122. In some embodiments, the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device may also include other detection modules such as a motion detector, a pressure sensor, a high-pass and low-pass filter, a normalized waveform filter, and / or a sampling rate modulator. Furthermore, the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device may also include other sensing modules such as a temperature sensor and / or an electrocardiography (ECG) sensor.

[0072] In some embodiments, the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device may include, but is not limited to, a clip-on measuring device and a ring-type measuring device. In some embodiments, the clip-on measuring device may include, but is not limited to, a fingertip measuring device, an ear measuring device, or other devices that perform measurements by clamping. In some embodiments, the ring-type measuring device may include, but is not limited to, a finger-ring measuring device, a wristband measuring device, a watch measuring device, an anklet measuring device, a headband measuring device, or other devices that perform measurements by wrapping around. In some embodiments, the wristband measuring device is not limited to measuring the palm or back of the hand. In some embodiments, the finger-ring measuring device is not limited to measuring fingers or toes.

[0073] In some embodiments, the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device can be coupled to another measuring device via a wired or wireless method to form a measuring device combination. In some embodiments, the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device having the optical module 120 can be any one of a clip-on measuring device and a ring-type measuring device, and the other measuring device can be any other one of a clip-on measuring device and a ring-type measuring device that also has the optical module 120. For example, the measuring device combination can include, but is not limited to, a combination of a fingertip measuring device and a wristband measuring device, a combination of a fingertip measuring device and a wristband measuring device, a combination of a fingertip measuring device and a watch measuring device, a combination of a fingertip measuring device and a watch measuring device, a combination of an ear measuring device and a headband measuring device, or a combination of a wristband measuring device and an anklet measuring device, and any other combination.

[0074] In some embodiments, both measuring devices in the measuring device combination can measure physiological data using the PPG measurement method, and the two measuring devices can use the same or different light wavelengths. In some embodiments, the light wavelengths used by both measuring devices can be selected from the light band affecting hypoxic changes. In some embodiments, when the emission wavelengths of the light emitted by the two measuring devices are different, the two measuring devices can simultaneously obtain physiological data using the PPG measurement method, and perform blood viscosity analysis using the two different sets of physiological data to obtain the blood viscosity data. In some embodiments, the two measuring devices can simultaneously obtain physiological data using the PPG measurement method, and perform blood flow velocity analysis using the two different sets of physiological data to obtain the blood flow velocity data.

[0075] In some other embodiments, one measuring device in the measurement device combination may be the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device that includes the optical module 120, while the other measuring device may be the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device that does not include the optical module 120. In still other embodiments, one measuring device in the measurement device combination may be the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device that includes the optical module 120, while the other measuring device may not be the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device. However, the other measuring device may still include other detection modules such as a motion detector, a pressure sensor, a high-pass / low-pass filter, a normalized waveform filter, and / or a sampling rate modulator, and / or other sensing modules such as a temperature sensor and / or an ECG sensor.

[0076] In some embodiments, when the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device including the optical module 120 is used as a blood pressure measurement device, the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device can be calibrated during the initial measurement. In this case, an additional inflatable device can be used to inflate the wearable area for blood pressure measurement, and the PPG cutoff signal can be used as the blood pressure measurement signal. Furthermore, after obtaining the initial blood pressure value, the inflatable device can be deflated to a non-pressurized state, maintaining the low-pressure device or the pressure-free device in contact with the wearable area, allowing subsequent PPG blood pressure measurements to be performed without additional inflation or pressurization.

[0077] Figure 4A shows a perspective view of the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 illustrated in Figure 1 , measuring an object 4 under test, according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. The optical physiological signal measurement device 1 in Figure 4A includes a computing module 110, a clip-on measurement device 400, and a connection unit 401. The computing module 110 in Figure 4A is a wearable device, coupled to the clip-on measurement device 400 via a wired connection unit 401. In some embodiments, the computing module 110 is not limited to a wearable device; it may also be a mobile phone, tablet computer, desktop computer, laptop computer, server, network computing system, or other electronic device. In some embodiments, the computing module 110 may be wirelessly coupled to the clip-on measurement device 400, so there may not be a physical connection unit 401 between the computing module 110 and the clip-on measurement device 400. Figure 4A illustrates an example of an optical physiological signal measurement device 1. The optical physiological signal measurement device 1 may include more or fewer components than shown, or may have different configurations of the components shown. Additional elements may be added or fewer elements may be used without departing from the present disclosure.

[0078] Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4A , a clip-on measuring device 400 may include an optical module 120. The clip-on measuring device 400 may be used to clamp a subject's object 4 to be measured, and the optical module 120 in the clip-on measuring device 400 may measure the physiological data of the object 4. The object 4 in FIG. 4 may be the tip of a finger of the subject. Therefore, the clip-on measuring device 400 may be a fingertip measuring device that clamps the subject's fingertip and measures the fingertip via the optical module 120 in the clip-on measuring device 400 to obtain the subject's physiological data.

[0079] In some embodiments, the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 can be used to measure various physiological data. This physiological data may include blood pressure data, blood oxygen concentration data, blood flow rate data, blood viscosity data, and at least one of other physiological data. In some embodiments, when the physiological data is blood pressure data, the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 can be an optical blood pressure measurement device. In some embodiments, the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 can measure various physiological data using photoplethysmography (PPG) measurement methods. Therefore, the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 can also function as a PPG measurement device.

[0080] FIG4B shows a perspective view of the clip-on measurement device 400 illustrated in FIG4A , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. The clip-on measurement device 400 in FIG4B may include an outer cover 410 , an inner housing 420 , an inner cover 430 , an outer housing 440 , and a coupling portion 450 . FIG4B illustrates one example of a clip-on measurement device 400 . The clip-on measurement device 400 may include more or fewer elements than shown, or may have a different configuration of the elements shown. Additional elements may be added, or fewer elements may be used, without departing from the present disclosure.

[0081] The outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440 can be coupled to form a first component assembly. The inner cover 430 and the inner shell 420 can be coupled to form a second component assembly. Referring to Figures 4A and 4B , a receiving space 402 is formed between the inner cover 430 and the inner shell 420 to accommodate the object 4 to be tested.

[0082] The connecting portion 450 is used to connect the outer cover 410 to one side of the outer shell 440, so that the outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440 can be coupled to each other through the connecting portion 450 and can be slidably coupled through the connecting portion 450. The outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440 can move relative to each other through the connecting portion 450 to adjust the spatial size of the accommodating space 402.

[0083] The inner shell 420 may further include an inner shell base 421 and elastic flaps 422. The inner shell base 421 is coupled to the inner cover 430 to form the accommodating space 402. The first component combination consisting of the outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440 covers the inner shell base 421 and the inner cover 430, but does not cover the elastic flaps 422 that protrude outward from both sides of the inner shell base 421. When there is only one elastic flap 422, the elastic flap 422 protrudes outward from one of the two sides of the inner shell base 421. When there are two or more elastic flaps 422, each elastic flap 422 protrudes outward from different sides of the inner shell base 421. After protruding outward from the inner shell base 421, the elastic flap 422 extends along an outer surface of the outer shell 440 to reversely cover the outer shell 440. In other words, although the first component combination composed of the outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440 can cover the inner shell base 421 and the inner cover 430, the inner shell 420 can also cover the inner cover 430 and the outer shell 440 through the inner shell base 421 and the outwardly protruding elastic fins 422.

[0084] FIG5 shows an exploded view of the clip-on measurement device 400 illustrated in FIG4B along an assembly direction Da, according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG4B and FIG5 together, the clip-on measurement device 400 may include an outer cover 410, an inner housing 420, an inner cover 430, an outer housing 440, a connecting portion 450, a first magnetic unit 460, a first optical signal module 470, and a second optical signal module 480. FIG5 illustrates an example of a clip-on measurement device 400. The clip-on measurement device 400 may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or may have different configurations of the various illustrated components. Additional components may be added or fewer components may be used without departing from the present disclosure.

[0085] The inner housing 420 may further include an inner housing base 421, an elastic flap 422, and a second magnetic unit 423. The inner housing 420 has an inner housing inner surface 4200, and the second magnetic unit 423 is disposed on the inner housing inner surface 4200 of the inner housing 420. In some embodiments, the second magnetic unit 423 may be disposed in the area of ​​the inner housing inner surface 4200 that is a part of the elastic flap 422. In other words, the elastic flap 422 may have a flap inner surface (not shown) that is a portion of the inner housing inner surface 4200, and the second magnetic unit 423 is disposed on this flap inner surface. In some embodiments, the elastic flap 422 protrudes outward from one side of the inner housing base 421, and the second magnetic unit 423 is disposed on the other side of the elastic flap 422 that is opposite the inner housing base 421. In other words, one end of the elastic wing 422 is coupled to the inner shell base 421, and the other end of the elastic wing 422 is provided with a second magnetic unit 423. The second magnetic unit 423 can be adhered or mounted on the strip-shaped magnetic unit on the inner surface of the wing.

[0086] Referring to Figures 4A, 4B, and 5, a receiving space 402 is formed between the inner cover 430 and the inner housing 420 to accommodate the object 4 to be measured. Furthermore, the outer housing 440 and the inner housing base 421 of the inner housing 420 enclose the receiving space 402 and the inner cover 430. In other words, the receiving space 402 is encompassed between the outer housing 440 and the inner housing 420. Furthermore, the inner housing 420, via the inner housing base 421 and the elastic flaps 422, encloses the receiving space 402, the inner cover 430, and an outer housing base 441 of the outer housing 440. Therefore, the receiving space 402 may also be located between the inner housing base 421 and the elastic flaps 422 of the inner housing 420.

[0087] The housing 440 has an outer housing surface 4400 . The first magnetic unit 460 is disposed on the outer housing surface 4400 of the housing 440 . In some embodiments, the first magnetic unit 460 may be disposed in a portion of the outer housing surface 4400 that is part of the housing base 441 . In other words, the housing base 441 may have a base outer surface (not shown) that is a portion of the outer housing surface 4400 , and the first magnetic unit 460 is disposed on this base outer surface. The first magnetic unit 460 may be a sheet-like magnetic unit adhered to or mounted on the base outer surface.

[0088] The outer shell 440 may further include a first sliding portion 442, and the outer cover 410 may further include a second sliding portion 411. The first sliding portion 442 and the second sliding portion 411 are slidably coupled together by a connecting portion 450. The first sliding portion 442 and the second sliding portion 411 can move relative to each other along a sliding direction to adjust the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410. In some embodiments, the sliding direction is the same as the assembly direction Da. When the object to be measured 4 is placed in the accommodating space 402, the effect of adjusting the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 can be achieved by sliding between the first sliding portion 442 and the second sliding portion 411. When the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 is larger, the space covered by the outer cover 410 in the inner shell 420 is away from the outer shell 440 and the inner cover 430. In other words, as the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 increases, the inner shell 420 can also be spaced apart from the outer shell 440, thereby expanding the accommodation space 402 formed between the inner cover 430 and the inner shell 420. As the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 decreases, the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 compress the distance between the inner shell 420 and the outer shell 440, which in turn compresses the distance between the inner cover 430 and the inner shell 420. In other words, as the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 decreases, the distance between the inner shell 420 and the outer shell 440 decreases, and the accommodation space 402 formed between the inner cover 430 and the inner shell 420 also decreases. Therefore, the size of the accommodation space 402 changes with the relative movement between the inner shell 420 and the outer shell 440.

[0089] On the other hand, when the object 4 to be measured is placed in the accommodating space 402, the sliding movement between the first sliding portion 442 and the second sliding portion 411 allows the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 to be adjusted. As the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 increases, the inner shell base 421 and the inner cover 430, which are enclosed between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410, have more space to move away from each other. In other words, as the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 increases, the accommodating space 402 formed between the inner cover 430 and the inner shell 420 can be expanded. As the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 decreases, the inner shell base 421 and the inner cover 430, which are enclosed between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410, are squeezed together and brought closer together. In other words, as the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 decreases, the accommodating space 402 formed between the inner cover 430 and the inner shell 420 can be reduced. Therefore, the relative movement of the first sliding portion 442 and the second sliding portion 411 along the sliding direction not only adjusts the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 , but also adjusts the spatial size of the accommodating space 402 .

[0090] In some embodiments, only one of the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 is a magnetic unit with magnetism, while the other is a non-magnetic but magnetically attracted magnetic unit. For example, the first magnetic unit 460 is a non-magnetic but magnetically attracted magnetic unit, while the second magnetic unit 423 is a magnetic unit with magnetism. Therefore, the magnetic force between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 is a magnetic attraction. In some other embodiments, both the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 are magnetic units that are inherently magnetism. The polarity of the magnetic pole of the first magnetic unit 460 facing the second magnetic unit 423 is different from the polarity of the magnetic pole of the second magnetic unit 423 facing the first magnetic unit 460. Therefore, the magnetic force between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 is a magnetic attraction. In some other embodiments, both the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 are magnetic units that are inherently magnetism. The polarity of the magnetic pole of the first magnetic unit 460 facing the second magnetic unit 423 is the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of the second magnetic unit 423 facing the first magnetic unit 460 . Therefore, the magnetic force between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 is a magnetic repulsive force.

[0091] To ensure that one of the magnetic attraction and repulsion forces can be generated, one of the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 must be a magnetic unit with magnetism, while the other can be a magnetic unit with magnetism or a non-magnetic unit that can be attracted by magnetism. Magnetic units with magnetism can include, but are not limited to, magnetic materials such as permanent magnets or electromagnets. Non-magnetic units that can be attracted by magnetism can include, but are not limited to, ferromagnetic metals such as iron, cobalt, and nickel, their alloys, and mixtures of these metals or alloys with other substances.

[0092] In some embodiments, when the magnetic force between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 is the magnetic attraction, the magnetic attraction between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 can pull the elastic flap 422 back into the outer shell 440, thereby forcing the outer shell 440 toward the outer cover 410, so that the spatial dimensions of the accommodating space 402 are adapted to the object size of the object 4 to be measured. In these embodiments, the elastic flap 422 is initially positioned relatively far from, or even directly away from, the outer shell 440. When the outer shell 440 is pushed away and approaches the elastic flap 422, the elastic flap 422 is attracted by the magnetic attraction and deviates from its initial position. The resulting elastic force pushes the elastic flap 422 in the opposite direction, away from the outer shell 440, thereby releasing the accommodating space 402. Therefore, the interaction between the magnetic attraction and the elastic force can reduce the pressure exerted by the inner cover 430 on the object 4 to be measured. Therefore, the clamp-type measurement device 400 can reduce the pressure caused by the constraint force and clamping force of the optical module 120 on the object to be measured 4, thereby maintaining a stable physiological signal and reducing waveform pollution, deformation and distortion caused during the measurement process, thereby ensuring that the quality of the physiological signal can be correctly used in the measurement of the physiological data.

[0093] The magnetic force between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 can be the magnetic attraction that drives the elastic flap 422 toward the housing base 441. Therefore, when the object 4 to be tested is placed in the accommodating space 402, although the object 4 to be tested will expand the accommodating space 402 according to the size of the object and push the housing base 441 toward the elastic flap 422, thereby increasing the magnetic attraction force on the elastic flap 422, the elastic flap 422 attracted by the magnetic attraction will deviate from its initial position, triggering the elastic force to pull the elastic flap 422 back in the opposite direction. This prevents the magnetic attraction from excessively driving the elastic flap 422 back to press the housing 440 toward the outer cover 410, causing the magnetic attraction to compress the inner cover 430 and generate unnecessary pressure on the object 4 to be tested. Therefore, the elastic force can reduce or avoid the pressure applied to the object 4 to be tested caused by the magnetic attraction.

[0094] This elastic force controls the magnetic attraction exerted on the elastic flap 422 toward the housing base 441, preventing the magnetic attraction from excessively pulling the elastic flap 422 inward and compressing it. This reduces the pressure exerted on the object 4 by the magnetic attraction. For example, when the object 4 is placed in the accommodating space 402, it expands the accommodating space 402 according to its size. Consequently, both the inner cover 430 and the outer housing 440 move away from the outer cover 410, and the first magnetic unit 460 moves away from the outer cover 410 along with the outer housing 440. Although the magnetic attraction draws the elastic flap 422 toward the outer cover 410 as the accommodating space 402 expands, the elastic force of the elastic flap 422 partially offsets the magnetic attraction, preventing the magnetic attraction from excessively driving the elastic flap 422 toward the outer cover 410, which could cause the elastic flap 422 to press against the inner cover 430 and exert unnecessary pressure on the object 4. Therefore, the elastic force of the elastic wing 422 can reduce or avoid the pressure exerted on the object to be measured 4 caused by the magnetic attraction.

[0095] The magnetic attraction force will change with the distance between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423. The closer the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 are, the greater the magnetic attraction force will be. The farther the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 are, the smaller the magnetic attraction force will be. Similarly, the elastic force will also change with the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410. Since the initial position of the elastic flap 422 is relatively far away from the outer shell 440, the closer the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 is, the greater the distance the elastic flap 422 is attracted to deviate from the initial position, and the greater the elastic force will be. The farther the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 is, the smaller the distance the elastic flap 422 deviates from the initial position, and the smaller the elastic force will be.

[0096] Before the object 4 to be tested is placed in the accommodating space 402 (i.e., the magnetic attraction and the elastic force are in a state of equilibrium for a long time), the magnetic attraction and the elastic force may be equal or have only a slight difference due to other forces. As the object 4 to be tested is gradually placed in the accommodating space 402, the distance between the outer shell 440 and the inner shell base 421 increases, causing the distance between the outer shell 440 and the elastic wing 422 to decrease, the magnetic attraction increases, and the elastic wing 422 leans towards the outer shell 440, causing the pressure to be generated on the object 4 to be tested. At this time, the elastic force will also increase due to the attraction of the elastic wing 422 to resist the magnetic attraction, thereby buffering the impact of the magnetic attraction. In other words, after the object 4 to be tested is placed in the accommodating space 402, the distance between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 can be changed to generate different sizes of the magnetic attraction and the elastic force, thereby adjusting the pressure that the elastic force and the magnetic attraction may exert on the object 4 to be tested in a manner similar to magnetic levitation. Therefore, the clip-on measuring device 400 may be a magnetic levitation measuring device, and coupled to the computing unit 112 , so that the computing unit 112 calculates various physiological data such as blood pressure data according to the measurement signal obtained by the magnetic levitation device.

[0097] In some other embodiments, when the magnetic force between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 is the magnetic repulsive force, the magnetic repulsive force between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 drives the outer shell 440 to push the elastic flap 422 away, thereby loosening the accommodating space 402. In these other embodiments, the elastic flap 422 is initially relatively close to the outer shell 440. When the outer shell 440 pushes the elastic flap 422 away due to the magnetic repulsive force, the elastic force generated by the elastic flap 422 can press the outer shell 440 back. Therefore, the magnetic repulsive force also indirectly drives the outer shell 440 closer to the outer cover 410, so that the spatial dimensions of the accommodating space 402 are adapted to the object dimensions of the object 4 to be measured. Therefore, the interaction between the magnetic repulsive force and the elastic force can reduce the pressure applied by the inner cover 430 to the object 4 to be measured. Therefore, the clamp-type measurement device 400 can reduce the pressure caused by the constraint force and clamping force of the optical module 120 on the object to be measured 4, thereby maintaining a stable physiological signal and reducing waveform pollution, deformation and distortion caused during the measurement process, thereby ensuring that the quality of the physiological signal can be correctly used in the measurement of the physiological data.

[0098] This elastic force can be a slight elastic force that drives the elastic flaps 422 toward the housing base 441. Therefore, when the object 4 to be tested is placed in the accommodating space 402, although the object 4 to be tested will expand the accommodating space 402 according to its size, pushing the elastic flaps 422 outward, the outwardly pushed elastic flaps 422 will trigger the elastic force to press back into the outer shell 440, preventing the accommodating space 402 between the outer shell 440 and the inner shell 420 from expanding excessively. Therefore, the elastic force of the elastic flaps 422 drives the outer shell 440 toward the outer cover 410, so that the spatial dimensions of the accommodating space 402 can adapt to the size of the object 4 to be tested.

[0099] This magnetic repulsive force controls the elastic force exerted by the elastic flap 422 on the housing base 441, preventing this force from excessively pressing inward, thereby reducing the pressure exerted by this force on the object 4 to be tested. For example, when the object 4 to be tested is placed in the accommodating space 402, the object 4 to be tested will expand the accommodating space 402 according to its size. As a result, both the inner cover 430 and the outer shell 440 will move away from the outer cover 410, and the first magnetic unit 460 will also move away from the outer cover 410 along with the outer shell 440. Although the elastic force of the elastic flap 422 slightly presses the outer shell 440 back when the accommodating space 402 is expanded, the magnetic repulsive force between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 offsets some of this elastic force, preventing the elastic force of the elastic flap 422 from excessively driving the outer shell 440 toward the outer cover 410, which would cause the elastic force to excessively compress the inner cover 430 and exert unnecessary pressure on the object 4 to be tested. Therefore, the magnetic repulsive force can reduce the pressure exerted by the elastic force on the object to be measured 4.

[0100] The magnetic repulsive force changes with the distance between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423. The closer the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 are, the greater the magnetic repulsive force will be. The farther the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 are, the smaller the magnetic repulsive force will be. Similarly, the elastic force will also change with the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410. Since the initial state of the elastic flap 422 is closer to the outer shell 440, the closer the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 is, the less the elastic flap 422 is pushed outward and deviates from the inner shell base 421, and the smaller the elastic force will be. The farther the distance between the outer shell 440 and the outer cover 410 is, the greater the distance the elastic flap 422 is pushed outward by the outer shell 440 and deviates from the inner shell base 421, and the greater the elastic force will be.

[0101] Before the object to be measured 4 is placed in the accommodating space 402 (i.e., the magnetic repulsive force and the elastic force are in a state of equilibrium for a long time), the magnetic repulsive force and the elastic force may be equal or have only a slight difference due to other forces. After the object to be measured 4 is gradually placed in the accommodating space 402, the elastic force will increase due to the distance that the elastic flap 422 deviates from the inner shell base 421, thereby causing the inner cover 430 to generate the pressure on the object to be measured 4. At this time, the magnetic repulsive force will also increase due to the movement of the outer shell 440 to resist the elastic force, thereby reducing the pressure. In other words, after the object to be measured 4 is placed in the accommodating space 402, the magnetic repulsive force and the elastic force of different sizes can be generated by the distance between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423, so as to adjust the pressure that the magnetic repulsive force and the elastic force may exert on the object to be measured 4 in a manner similar to magnetic levitation. Therefore, the clip-on measuring device 400 may be a magnetic levitation measuring device, and coupled to the computing unit 112 , so that the computing unit 112 calculates various physiological data such as blood pressure data according to the measurement signal obtained by the magnetic levitation device.

[0102] In some embodiments, the clip-on measuring device 400 can measure various physiological data of the object under test 4 using a PPG measurement method. Therefore, the clip-on measuring device 400 can function as a PPG measurement device. The outer shell 440 can further include a first optical signal module accommodating portion 4410 located on the outer shell base 441. The first optical signal module accommodating portion 4410 can be used to accommodate a first optical signal module 470, coupling the first optical signal module 470 to the outer shell 440 to measure the object under test 4. The inner shell base 421 can further include a second optical signal module accommodating portion 4210, which can be used to accommodate a second optical signal module 480 to measure the object under test 4.

[0103] Referring to Figures 1, 4A, and 5, one of the first optical signal module 470 and the second optical signal module 480 can serve as the light source module 121 in the optical module 120, thereby emitting light. This emitted light has a wavelength selected based on the effect of blood oxygen concentration on the light absorption coefficient. The wavelength is selected from a low-oxygen-affected light band where the light absorption coefficient is largely unaffected by blood oxygen concentration. The other of the first optical signal module 470 and the second optical signal module 480 can serve as the light measurement module 122 in the optical module 120, thereby receiving detection light after the emitted light has been used to measure the object 4. Referring to Figure 4B, since the first optical signal module 470 and the second optical signal module 480 are located above and below the accommodating space 402, respectively, the optical module 120 formed by the first optical signal module 470 and the second optical signal module 480 can be a transmissive optical module. The emitted light may be emitted by one of the first optical signal module 470 and the second optical signal module 480, pass through the object 4 to be measured in the accommodating space 402, and then be received by the other of the first optical signal module 470 and the second optical signal module 480, thereby completing the measurement by the optical module 120. In some embodiments, the first optical signal module 470 may be the light source module 121, and the second optical signal module 480 may be the light measurement module 122. In other embodiments, the first optical signal module 470 may be the light measurement module 122, and the second optical signal module 480 may be the light source module 121.

[0104] In some other embodiments, one of the first optical signal module 470 and the second optical signal module 480 may include both the light source module 121 and the light measurement module 122 in the optical module 120. In other words, the clip-on measurement device 400 may not include the other of the first optical signal module 470 and the second optical signal module 480. In some embodiments, the clip-on measurement device 400 may include only the first optical signal module 470 as the light source module 121 and the light measurement module 122, while omitting the second optical signal module 480. In other embodiments, the clip-on measurement device 400 may include only the second optical signal module 480 as the light source module 121 and the light measurement module 122, while omitting the first optical signal module 470. Because the clip-on measurement device 400 can include only one of the first optical signal module 470 and the second optical signal module 480, when the transmitted light is emitted from the optical signal module, it is reflected by the object 4 under test in the accommodating space 402 and then received by the optical signal module, completing the measurement by the optical module 120. Therefore, the single optical signal module in the clip-on measurement device 400 can function as a reflective optical module, thereby serving as both the light source module 121 and the light measurement module 122.

[0105] In some embodiments, when the clip-on measurement device 400 includes a first optical signal module 470, the inner cover 430 may include a central hole 431. When the first optical signal module 470 functions as the light source module 121, the emitted light can pass through the central hole 431 to illuminate the object 4 to be measured. When the first optical signal module 470 functions as the light measurement module 122, the detection light can pass through the central hole 431 to be received by the first optical signal module 470. In some embodiments, when the clip-on measurement device 400 includes a second optical signal module 480, the center of the second optical signal module housing 4210 may include a central hole in the inner housing (not shown). When the second optical signal module 480 functions as the light source module 121, the emitted light can pass through the central hole in the inner housing to illuminate the object 4 to be measured. When the second optical signal module 480 functions as the light measurement module 122, the detection light can pass through the central hole in the inner housing to be received by the second optical signal module 480.

[0106] Figures 6A-6C show perspective views of the outer cover 410, outer shell 440, and connecting portion 450 illustrated in Figure 5, respectively, according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. Figures 6A-6C respectively illustrate an example of the outer cover 410, outer shell 440, and connecting portion 450. The outer cover 410, outer shell 440, and connecting portion 450 may each include more or fewer elements than shown, or have different configurations of the elements in the various figures. Additional elements may be added or fewer elements may be used without departing from the present disclosure.

[0107] The first sliding portion 442 of the outer shell 440 may further include a first sliding shaft 4421 and a first sliding rail 4422. The second sliding portion 411 of the outer cover 410 may further include a connecting hole 4111, a second sliding rail 4112, and a plurality of first fixing portions 4113. The connecting portion 450 may further include a connecting shaft 451 and a plurality of second fixing portions 452. The plurality of first fixing portions 4113 are respectively coupled to a corresponding one of the plurality of second fixing portions 452 to fix the connecting portion 450 and the outer cover 410 together, so that the connecting portion 450 and the outer cover 410 do not move relative to each other.

[0108] The first sliding shaft 4421 of the outer housing 440 is slidably coupled to the second sliding rail 4112 of the outer cover 410, allowing the first sliding shaft 4421 to slide along the second sliding rail 4112 in a first sliding direction. In addition to passing through the connecting hole 4111 of the outer cover 410, the connecting shaft 451 is further slidably coupled to the first sliding rail 4422 of the outer housing 440, allowing the connecting shaft 451 to slide along a second sliding direction in the first sliding rail 4422. In some embodiments, the first sliding direction of the first sliding shaft 4421 in the second sliding rail 4112 is opposite to the second sliding direction of the connecting shaft 451 in the first sliding rail 4422. Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6A-6C , both the first sliding direction and the second sliding direction can be parallel to the assembly direction Da.

[0109] By sliding between the first sliding portion 442 and the second sliding portion 411, the clamp-type measuring device 400 can adapt to the object size of the object 4 to be measured. When the object 4 to be measured is a fingertip, the object size can be the thickness of the finger (e.g., the width and / or thickness of the fingertip).

[0110] FIG7A shows an upper perspective view of the clip-on measurement device 400 illustrated in FIG4B , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. FIG7B shows a cross-sectional view of the clip-on measurement device 400 taken along line C1-C1 in FIG7A , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. FIG7C shows an enlarged view of area E1 illustrated in FIG7B , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0111] Referring to Figures 4A, 7A, and 7B, the external structure of the clip-on measuring device 400 primarily comprises a first component assembly, comprising an outer cover 410 coupled to an outer housing 440. The internal structure of the clip-on measuring device 400 primarily comprises a second component assembly, comprising an inner cover 430 coupled to an inner housing 420. The inner housing base 421 of the inner housing 420 may couple to the inner cover 430, forming a receiving space 402 therebetween. The elastic flaps 422 of the inner housing 420 may protrude from the first component assembly and, in turn, cover the outer housing 440. The first optical signal module 470 may be positioned between the inner cover 430 and the outer housing 440, while the second optical signal module 480 may be positioned between the outer cover 410 and the inner housing 420. Thus, the first optical signal module 470 and the second optical signal module 480 may be positioned on opposite sides of the receiving space 402.

[0112] The second component assembly formed by the inner cover 430 and the inner housing 420 may include an opening 4021 and a joint 4022. The opening 4021 may serve as an entrance to the accommodating space 402, allowing the object 4 to be placed into the accommodating space 402 through the opening 4021. The joint 4022 may serve as a closed end to the accommodating space 402. After the object 4 is placed into the accommodating space 402 through the opening 4021, the object 4 can only penetrate into the joint 4022 and cannot move further inward.

[0113] The inner shell 420 has an inner shell inner surface 4200. Referring to Figures 7A and 7C , the inner shell inner surface 4200 is cut along the line C1-C1 at the inner shell base 421 of the inner shell 420 and is shown as a first intermediate oblique line 4024 in Figure 7C along the front-to-back direction Df. Furthermore, the inner cover 430 and the inner shell 420 define a joint plane 4023 at the joint 4022. A first inclination angle θ is defined between the first intermediate oblique line 4024 and a normal to the joint plane 4023. In other words, the inner shell inner surface 4200 has the first inclination angle θ along the front-to-back direction Df from the opening 4021 to the joint 4022. In some embodiments, the first inclination angle θ may be between 3° and 7°. In some embodiments, the first inclination angle θ may be 5°. Due to the first inclination angle θ, the opening cross-sectional area A1 of the accommodating space 402 at the opening portion 4021 is larger than the joint cross-sectional area A2 of the joint portion 4022. Therefore, the first inclination angle θ can enhance the fit between the inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421 and the object 4 to be measured.

[0114] In some embodiments, after the clip-on measuring device 400 is cut through along line C1-C1, the inner surface 4300 of the inner cover is shown as a second intermediate oblique line 4025 along the front-to-back direction Df in FIG. A second inclination angle may also be defined between the second intermediate oblique line 4025 and the normal to the joint plane 4023. In other words, the inner surface 4300 of the inner cover may also have this second inclination angle along the front-to-back direction Df from the opening 4021 to the joint 4022. In some embodiments, this second inclination angle may be between 3° and 7°. In some embodiments, this second inclination angle may be 5°. Due to this second inclination angle, the opening cross-sectional area A1 of the accommodating space 402 at the opening 4021 is larger than the joint cross-sectional area A2 at the joint 4022. Therefore, the presence of this second inclination angle can enhance the fit between the inner surface 4300 of the inner cover 430 and the object 4 to be measured.

[0115] The inner shell inner surface 4200 comprises an inner shell friction portion located at the inner shell base 421 of the inner shell 420. The inner shell inner surface 4200 can be divided into the inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421 and the inner shell inner surface 4200 of the elastic flap 422. The inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421 forms the accommodating space 402. In other words, the inner shell friction portion may be located in a portion of the inner shell inner surface 4200 adjacent to the accommodating space 402. In some embodiments, only a portion of the inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421 serves as the inner shell friction portion. Therefore, the friction coefficient of this inner shell friction portion may be higher than the friction coefficient of the rest of the inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421. In other embodiments, the entire inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421 serves as the inner shell friction portion. Therefore, the entire inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421 has a high coefficient of friction. In some embodiments, when only a portion of the inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421 serves as the inner shell friction portion, a high-friction material can be attached to the inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421 to create a difference in the coefficient of friction. In other embodiments, when the entire inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421 serves as the inner shell friction portion, the inner shell base 421 can be directly made of a high-friction material, or a high-friction material can be attached to the entire inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421 to create a difference in the coefficient of friction.

[0116] The inner cover inner surface 4300 includes an inner cover friction portion. The inner cover inner surface 4300 is the surface that forms the accommodating space 402. In other words, the inner cover friction portion may be located on the inner cover inner surface 4300 adjacent to the accommodating space 402. In some embodiments, only a portion of the inner cover inner surface 4300 of the inner cover 430 serves as the inner cover friction portion. Therefore, the coefficient of friction of the inner cover friction portion may be higher than the coefficient of friction of other portions of the inner cover inner surface 4300. In other embodiments, the entire inner cover inner surface 4300 serves as the inner cover friction portion. Therefore, the entire inner cover inner surface 4300 has a high coefficient of friction. In some embodiments, when only a portion of the inner cover inner surface 4300 serves as the inner cover friction portion, a high-friction material may be attached to the inner cover inner surface 4300 to create a difference in the coefficient of friction. In other embodiments, when the entire inner surface 4300 of the inner cover serves as the inner cover friction portion, a high friction coefficient material can be directly selected to make the inner cover 430, or a high friction coefficient material can be attached to the entire inner surface 4300 of the inner cover to produce a difference in friction coefficient.

[0117] The clamp-type measuring device 400 needs to reduce the pressure caused by the restraining and clamping forces on the object to be measured 4 in order to maintain a stable physiological signal. However, when the pressure caused by the restraining and clamping forces decreases, the clamp-type measuring device 400 may fall off at any time due to the movement of the object to be measured 4. Therefore, the clamp-type measuring device 400 may include at least one of the inner cover friction portion and the inner shell friction portion. A material with a high coefficient of friction can generate a greater friction force between the inner shell inner surface 4200 and / or the inner cover inner surface 4300 of the inner shell base 421 and the object to be measured 4, helping the object to be measured 4 to remain stable in the accommodating space 402, thereby achieving a non-slip effect. Therefore, even if the pressure caused by the restraining and clamping forces is reduced due to the assistance of the magnetic force, the inner cover friction portion and the inner shell friction portion can prevent the clamp-type measuring device 400 from falling off due to the movement of the object to be measured 4.

[0118] FIG7D shows a cross-sectional view of the clip-on measuring device 400 shown in FIG7B after the inner cover 430 and the inner housing 420 move relative to each other along the assembly direction Da according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0119] Referring to Figures 4A, 7C, and 7D, when the object 4 to be measured extends into the accommodating space 402, due to the first inclination angle θ, the forces acting on the inner surface 4200 of the inner shell and the inner surface 4300 of the inner cover are relatively uniform. Therefore, when the object 4 to be measured causes the accommodating space 402 to expand, the first sliding portion 442 and the second sliding portion 411 act as a means of expanding the accommodating space, causing the outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440 to move relative to each other along the assembly direction Da. Further referring to Figures 6A-6C, the first sliding shaft 4421 can move downwardly within the second sliding rail 4112 along the assembly direction Da relative to the outer cover 410. In other words, the first sliding shaft 4421 can slide within the second sliding rail 4112 along the first sliding direction. Furthermore, the connecting shaft 451, along with the connecting hole 4111, can move upward within the first sliding rail 4422 along the assembly direction Da relative to the outer shell 440. In other words, the connecting shaft 451 together with the connecting hole 4111 can slide along the second sliding direction in the first sliding rail 4422 .

[0120] Because the expansion of the spatial dimensions is primarily achieved through relative movement of the outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440 along the assembly direction Da, the cross-sectional area A1 of the opening 4021 of the accommodating space 402 and the cross-sectional area A2 of the joint 4022 of the joint also change with the relative movement between the outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440. In some embodiments, due to the presence of the first tilt angle θ, the cross-sectional area A1 of the opening 4021 remains larger than the cross-sectional area A2 of the joint 4022 even when relative movement occurs between the outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440. In some embodiments, the first tilt angle θ may not be able to adapt to the contours of all objects under test 4. Therefore, the expansion of the spatial dimensions may not be entirely achieved through the relative movement of the outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440 along the assembly direction Da. In other words, when the object 4 to be measured is placed in the clamp-type measuring device 400, there may be slight rotation between the outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440, causing the diameter of the opening 4021 to expand more than the diameter of the joint 4022. In some embodiments, because the first sliding portion 442 and the second sliding portion 411 may include a first sliding shaft 4421 and a connecting shaft 451, the chance of rotation between the outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440 is reduced, thereby preventing the diameter of the opening 4021 from being excessively expanded. This would reduce the contact area between the inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 421 and the inner cover inner surface 4300 and the object 4 to be measured, thereby resulting in insufficient friction and easy loosening.

[0121] Figure 8A shows a cross-sectional view of the clip-on measuring device 400 taken along line C2-C2 of Figure 7A according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. Figure 8B shows the clip-on measuring device 400 shown in Figure 8A with its receiving space 402 expanded according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0122] Please refer to Figures 4A, 8A, and 8B together. Figure 8A shows that before the object 4 to be measured is placed in the clamp-type measuring device 400, the accommodation space 402 formed by the inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 422 and the inner cover inner surface 4300 of the inner cover 430 is in an initial state, and the elastic flap 422 is in an initial position. Figure 8B shows that after the object 4 to be measured is placed in the clamp-type measuring device 400, the accommodation space 402 formed by the inner shell inner surface 4200 of the inner shell base 422 and the inner cover inner surface 4300 of the inner cover 430 is in an expanded state, and the elastic flap 422 is in a spring-force application position. This spring-force application position changes depending on the size of the object 4 to be measured.

[0123] Although the outer cover 410 and the outer shell 440 will move relative to each other along the assembly direction Da when the accommodating space 402 is expanded, and the inner shell 420 and the inner cover 430 will also move relative to each other along the assembly direction Da, for the convenience of the following description, only the outer cover 410 and the inner shell base 421 of the inner shell 420 are fixed in position, and the inner cover 430 and the outer shell 440 move downward along the assembly direction Da.

[0124] In some embodiments, the magnetic force between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 is the magnetic attraction. In one embodiment, when the elastic wing 422 is in the initial position and the first magnetic unit 460 is still affected by the magnetic attraction of the second magnetic unit 423, the initial position of the elastic wing 422 will slightly deviate from a first zero elastic force position. At this time, the torque generated by the magnetic attraction on the inner shell interface 424 between the elastic wing 422 and the inner shell base 421 is In addition, since the elastic fin 422 at the initial position is in a first equilibrium state, the elastic fin 422 is slightly deviated from the first zero elastic force position by the influence of the magnetic attraction. It will also be equal to In one embodiment, when the initial position of the elastic flap 422 is sufficiently far from the first magnetic unit 460 so that the second magnetic unit 423 is not affected by the magnetic attraction force, the initial position of the elastic flap 422 is the first zero-elasticity position. At this point, the magnetic attraction force and the torque of the elastic force are both zero. The first zero-elasticity position refers to the position where the elastic flap 422 is not affected by the magnetic attraction force and is in a stress-free state.

[0125] When the elastic wing 422 is in the elastic force application position, the inner cover 430 is affected by the object 4 entering the clamp-type measuring device 400 and moves downward, causing the outer shell 440 to approach the elastic wing 422, thereby increasing the magnetic attraction between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423, thereby increasing the torque of the magnetic attraction generated by the elastic wing 422 relative to the inner shell boundary 424 to However, since the elastic fin 422 at the elastic force applying position will eventually be in a second equilibrium state, the elastic force will also be increased to 0.0 ... The moment of magnetic attraction balance.

[0126] In some other embodiments, the magnetic force between the first magnetic unit 460 and the second magnetic unit 423 is the magnetic repulsive force. When the elastic wing 422 is in the initial position, since the first magnetic unit 460 at the end of the elastic wing 422 will still maintain the magnetic repulsive force with the second magnetic unit 423, the elastic wing 422 will also be affected by the magnetic repulsive force and slightly deviate from a second zero elastic force position. The second zero elastic force position refers to the position where the elastic wing 422 is not affected by the magnetic repulsive force and is in a stress-free state. At this time, the torque generated by the magnetic repulsive force on the inner shell interface 424 between the elastic wing 422 and the inner shell base 421 is In addition, since the elastic fin 422 at the initial position is in a first equilibrium state, the elastic fin 422 is slightly deviated from the zero elastic force position due to the influence of the magnetic repulsive force. It will also be equal to

[0127] In some embodiments, when the elastic wing 422 is in the elastic force application position, the inner cover 430 is affected by the object 4 entering the clamp-type measuring device 400 and moves downward, causing the outer shell 440 to push the elastic wing 422 away, thereby increasing the elastic force of the elastic wing 422 pressing against the outer shell 440, thereby increasing the torque generated by the elastic wing 422 relative to the inner shell interface 424 to However, since the elastic fin 422 at the elastic force applying position will eventually be in a second equilibrium state, the magnetic repulsive force will also be increased to The torque of the elastic force balance.

[0128] In some embodiments, because the second magnetic unit 423 is disposed at the end of the elastic wing 422, the distance between the second magnetic unit 423 and the inner shell boundary 424 can be maximized, thereby maximizing the torque effect of the magnetic force, so that the restraining force and clamping force on the object to be measured 4 caused by the magnetic force and the elastic force can be mutually adjusted. In some embodiments, because the first magnetic unit 460 can be a sheet of magnetic material, when the elastic wing 422 drives the second magnetic unit 423 to deviate from the initial position, the first magnetic unit 460 can still face the second magnetic unit 423, thereby maintaining the magnetic force.

[0129] In some embodiments, a first cavity 403 is defined between the outer cover 410 and the inner shell base 421 of the inner shell 420. The first cavity 403 can be filled with an elastic material to enhance the cushioning force between the inner shell base 421 and the object 4 to be measured, helping the inner shell base 421 to flexibly wrap around the object 4 and maintain a snug fit, thereby reducing the restraining force on the object 4 to be measured. In some embodiments, a second cavity 404 is defined between the outer shell 440 and the inner cover 430. The second cavity 404 can be filled with an elastic material to enhance the cushioning force between the inner cover 430 and the object 4 to be measured, helping the inner cover 430 to flexibly wrap around the object 4 and maintain a snug fit, thereby reducing the restraining force on the object 4 to be measured. In some embodiments, both the first cavity 403 and the second cavity 404 can be filled with an elastic material. In some embodiments, the first cavity 403 and the second cavity 404 can be filled with the same material. In some embodiments, the first cavity 403 and the second cavity 404 can be filled with different materials according to the requirements of different contact surfaces with the object to be measured 4. In some embodiments, the filling materials can be silicone, memory foam, gel, rubber, etc.

[0130] FIG9 shows a perspective view of another clip-on measuring device 500 according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG1 , FIG4A , FIG4B , and FIG9 , the clip-on measuring device 500 in FIG9 is similar to the clip-on measuring device 400 in FIG4B , and similarly includes an outer cover 510 , an inner housing 520 , an inner cover 530 , an outer housing 540 , a connecting portion 550 , and a first magnetic unit 560 . Furthermore, the clip-on measuring device 500 also includes a receiving space 502 for receiving an object 4 to be measured.

[0131] Although FIG9 does not illustrate the first and second optical signal modules, the clip-on measurement device 500, like the clip-on measurement device 400, includes at least one of the first and second optical signal modules. When the clip-on measurement device 500 includes only one optical signal module, the optical signal module can function as a reflective optical module, thereby simultaneously serving as the light source module 121 and the optical measurement module 122. FIG9 illustrates an example of a clip-on measurement device 500. The clip-on measurement device 500 may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or may have different configurations of the illustrated components. Additional components may be added, or fewer components may be used, without departing from the present disclosure.

[0132] The primary difference between the clip-on measuring device 500 in FIG9 and the clip-on measuring device 400 in FIG4B lies in the different appearances of the inner housing 520 and the inner housing 420. The inner housing 420 has an inner housing base 421 and elastic flaps 422, while the inner housing 520 also has an inner housing base 521 and elastic flaps 522. While the inner housing base 521 is identical to the inner housing base 421, the appearance of the elastic flaps 522 differs from that of the elastic flaps 422. When the elastic flaps 422 are in their initial position, the entirety of the elastic flaps 422 extends along the outer surface 4400 of the outer housing 440. In other words, the entirety of the elastic flaps 422 extends along the first magnetic unit 460, which is in contact with the outer surface 4400 of the outer housing. In contrast, when the elastic wing 522 is in the initial position, it expands outward, and only the end of the elastic wing 522 where the second magnetic unit 523 is located is close to the outer surface of the outer shell 540. In other words, the elastic wing 522 does not extend along the first magnetic unit 560 that is in contact with the outer surface of the outer shell, but rather an elastic space 505 exists between the elastic wing 522 and the outer surface of the outer shell.

[0133] Referring to FIG8C , when the object 4 to be measured is placed in the clamp-type measuring device 400, the elastic flap 422 extends entirely along the first magnetic unit 460 abutting the outer surface 4400 of the outer shell. Therefore, the elastic flap 422 is only pushed to the left and right by the outer shell 440. At this time, the force acting on the elastic flap 422 is concentrated at the inner shell boundary 424, which is more susceptible to damage from stress concentration. When the object 4 to be measured is placed in the clamp-type measuring device 500, the elastic space 505 between the elastic flap 522 and the outer shell surface allows the elastic flap 522 to be pushed to the left and right by the outer shell 540 as well as downward. At this time, the force acting on the elastic flap 522 is not only at the inner shell boundary 524 but also dispersed at the bend of the elastic flap 522 itself, making it less susceptible to damage from stress concentration.

[0134] FIG10A shows a perspective view of a ring-type measurement device 600 according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. FIG10B shows a schematic diagram of the ring-type measurement device 600 illustrated in FIG10A performing measurement on an object to be measured 6 according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. The ring-type measurement device 600 may include a ring element 610 and an optical signal module 620. FIG10A shows an example of a ring-type measurement device 600. The ring-type measurement device 600 may include more or fewer elements than shown in the figure, or have different configurations of the elements shown in the various figures. Additional elements may be added or fewer elements may be used without departing from the present disclosure.

[0135] Referring to Figures 1, 10A, and 10B, the ring-type measurement device 600 can be coupled to the computing module 110 via a wired or wireless connection. For example, it can be coupled to the computing module 110 via the connection unit 401 shown in Figure 4A, or directly via a wireless module. The optical signal module 620 can function as the optical module 120 and serve as an optical device capable of emitting light having a wavelength, receiving detection light after measuring the emitted light, and transmitting the measurement results to the computing module 110.

[0136] The ring-shaped measurement device 600 can be used to surround an object to be measured 6 of a subject, and measure the physiological data of the object to be measured 6 via the optical signal module 620 of the ring-shaped measurement device 600. The object to be measured 6 in FIG10B can be a knuckle or joint of a finger of the subject, and thus the ring-shaped measurement device 600 can be a finger ring measurement device that surrounds the knuckle or joint of the subject, and measures the knuckle or joint via the optical signal module 620 in the ring-shaped measurement device 600 to obtain the physiological data of the subject. In some other embodiments, the ring-shaped measurement device 600 can be a wristband measurement device, a watch measurement device, an anklet measurement device, a headband measurement device, etc., which performs measurements by surrounding a limb or the head.

[0137] In some embodiments, the ring-shaped measuring device 600 can be used to measure various physiological data. This physiological data may include blood pressure data, blood oxygen concentration data, blood flow rate data, blood viscosity data, and at least one of other physiological data. In some embodiments, when the physiological data is blood pressure data, the optical physiological signal measuring device 1 having the ring-shaped measuring device 600 can function as an optical blood pressure measuring device. In some embodiments, the ring-shaped measuring device 600 can measure various physiological data using photoplethysmography (PPG) measurement methods. Therefore, the optical physiological signal measuring device 1 having the ring-shaped measuring device 600 can also function as a PPG measurement device. The ring-shaped measuring device 600 can gently wrap around the first joint, second joint, first phalanx, second phalanx, or third phalanx of a finger to reduce the restraining and clamping force on the phalanx or joint, thereby maintaining the stability and integrity of the PPG physiological signal.

[0138] The ring element 610 has a accommodating space 602 at its center. Accommodating space 602 is used to accommodate an object to be measured 6 for measuring various physiological data of the object 6. In some embodiments, the ring element 610 may be a C-shaped ring surrounding the accommodating space 602. In other words, the C-shaped ring may form a ring opening 601. The ring opening 601 has an opening central angle. This opening central angle may be between 0° and 60°. In some embodiments, this opening central angle may be between 20° and 40°. As the size of the object to be measured 6 increases, the ring element 610 may be stretched out, resulting in a larger central angle. As the size of the object to be measured 6 decreases, the ring element 610 may be slightly compressed, resulting in a smaller central angle. Therefore, the ring opening 601 helps the ring element 610 accommodate different sizes of the object to be measured 6. In other embodiments, the ring element 610 may be a circular ring surrounding the accommodating space 602. In other words, the circular ring may not have the ring opening 601 .

[0139] The ring element 610 can be made of a plastic material. In some embodiments, the ring element 610 can be made of a thermoplastic material. Therefore, when the ring-type measuring device 600 needs to be used, the ring element 610 can be slightly heated to make it temporarily plastic, and during its plastic period, the ring element 610 is wrapped around the object to be measured 6 to measure physiological data. After the measurement is completed, the ring-type measuring device 600 can be directly removed, and the next measurement will be determined whether additional reheating is needed. In some other embodiments, the ring element 610 can be made of a plastic material. Therefore, the ring element 610 does not need additional heating during use, and can be directly shaped to the ring element 610 to adapt to the object size of the object to be measured 6. After the ring element 610 is shaped, the ring element 610 can be an arcuate surface to fit the finger without additional clamping force.

[0140] The optical signal module 620 can be used to emit the emission light. The emission light has the emission wavelength, and the emission wavelength is selected based on the effect of blood oxygen concentration on the light absorption coefficient. The emission wavelength is selected from a low blood oxygen-affected light band in which the light absorption coefficient is almost unaffected by the blood oxygen concentration. Although the optical signal module 620 shown in Figures 10A and 10B includes three optical elements 621, the number of optical elements 621 can be one or more. In some embodiments, the number of optical elements 621 can be any number between 1 and 6, or a greater number.

[0141] In some embodiments, if the optical element 621 in the optical signal module 620 is located only on a single side of the ring-shaped measurement device 600, the optical element 621 of the optical signal module 620 may include both the light source module 121 and the light measurement module 122 in the optical module 120. Therefore, after the emitted light is emitted from the optical element 621 of the optical signal module 620, it is reflected by the object to be measured 6 located in the accommodating space 602 and then returned to the optical element 621 for reception, completing the measurement by the optical module 120. Therefore, since physiological data is measured only through the optical signal module 620 on a single side of the ring-shaped measurement device 600, the optical signal module 620 can function as a reflective optical module, serving as both the light source module 121 and the light measurement module 122.

[0142] In other embodiments, if the optical elements 621 in the optical signal modules 620 can be distributed to both sides of the ring-shaped measurement device 600, different optical elements 621 in the optical signal modules 620 can each function as the light source module 121 or the light measurement module 122 in the optical module 120. For example, the ring-shaped measurement device 600 can have a set of optical signal modules 620 on each side, with the optical elements 621 in the optical signal modules 620 on one side functioning as the light source module 121 and the optical elements 621 in the optical signal modules 620 on the other side functioning as the light measurement module 122. Thus, the emitted light can be emitted by the optical elements 621 in the optical signal modules 620 on one side, pass through the object 6 to be measured in the accommodating space 602, and then be received by the optical elements 621 in the optical signal modules 620 on the other side, thereby completing the measurement of the optical module 120.

[0143] Figure 11A shows a schematic diagram of the ring element 610 illustrated in Figure 10A in a flattened state, according to one or more technologies of the present disclosure. Figure 11B shows a perspective view of the ring element 610 illustrated in Figure 10A in an annular state, according to one or more technologies of the present disclosure. Figure 11C shows a perspective view of the light signal module 620 illustrated in Figure 10A, according to one or more technologies of the present disclosure. Figures 11A-11C respectively show an example of the ring element 610 and the light signal module 620. The ring element 610 and the light signal module 620 may include more or less elements than the icons, or have different configurations of the elements of various icons. Without departing from the present disclosure, additional elements may be added or fewer elements may be used.

[0144] In some embodiments, the ring element 610 can be flattened and in the flattened state. To adapt to different object sizes, the ring elements 610 of different lengths can be made to meet the needs of different users. In addition, since the ring element 610 can be a C-shaped ring, the size of the opening center angle can also be used to adapt to different object sizes. In some embodiments, if the ring element 610 is too long compared to the object size, the ring element 610 can also be shaped into a shape similar to the number "6", and the light signal module 620 can be located within the annular range to confirm that the physiological data can be correctly measured.

[0145] The ring element 610 may further include a ring base 611 and a ring frame 612. The ring base 611 is coupled to the ring frame 612, and the center of the ring frame 612 forms an optical signal module accommodating portion 6120. The optical signal module accommodating portion 6120 is used to accommodate the optical signal module 620. The number of optical signal module accommodating portions 6120 can be determined based on the number of optical signal modules 620 in the ring-type measurement device 600. In addition, the accommodation size of the optical signal module accommodating portion 6120 can also be determined based on the module size of the optical signal module 620 in the ring-type measurement device 600.

[0146] The optical signal module 620 can be joined to the ring element 610 through various joining methods, such as gluing, latching, or snapping. In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 11B and 11C, the optical signal module receiving portion 6120 can be a ring through-hole. The optical signal module 620 can include an outer sidewall 622, an inner sidewall 623, and a middle groove 624. The middle groove 624 is formed by the outer sidewall 622 and the inner sidewall 623. Therefore, the lateral cross-section of the optical signal module 620 is an "I" shape, allowing the optical signal module 620 to be embedded in the ring frame 612 of the ring element 610 through the middle groove 624, thereby filling the ring through-hole. In other embodiments, the optical signal module receiving portion 6120 can be a ring groove, allowing the optical signal module 620 to be attached to the ring element 610 through gluing, laminating, or snapping, thereby filling the ring groove.

[0147] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the material of the ring element 610 illustrated in Figure 10A according to one or more technologies of the present disclosure. Figure 12 shows an example of the ring element 610. The ring element 610 can include more or less elements than the icons, or have different configurations of the elements of various icons. Without departing from the present disclosure, additional elements can be added or fewer elements can be used.

[0148] In some embodiments, the loop element 610 may be a single-layer soft element. The single-layer soft element may be a plastic material. In some embodiments, the loop element 610 may be a multi-layer soft element. The multi-layer soft element can achieve a variety of effects by using the properties of different materials. Taking Figure 12 as an example, the loop element 610 may include a breathable layer 6101, a sandwich layer 6102, and a skin-friendly layer 6103. The breathable layer 6101 can be made of a breathable material to avoid stuffiness during wear. In addition, the breathable layer 6101 can also be made of a waterproof material, which not only keeps it dry but also prevents the ring-shaped measuring device 600 from being damaged by moisture or soaking. The sandwich layer 6102 can be made of a mesh structure material with high plasticity, which not only has elasticity and stiffness, but also maintains a breathable effect. Since the skin-friendly layer 6103 directly contacts the object 6 when the ring-shaped measuring device 600 is worn on the object 6 to be measured, the skin-friendly layer 6103 needs to have a non-slip surface to avoid excessive friction between the skin-friendly layer 6103 and the object 6 to be measured.

[0149] FIG. 13 shows an enlarged view of the region E2 illustrated in FIG. 10B , according to one or more techniques of this disclosure.

[0150] Referring to Figures 1 and 13 , in some embodiments, the optical element 621 may be designed with multiple raised dots. Since the surface of the object 6 to be measured is typically soft skin, when the surface 6 to be measured contacts the optical element 621, the optical element 621, acting as the light source module 121 or the light measurement module 122, will slightly sag in response to the multiple raised dots. This allows the surface of the object 6 to be closer and more closely aligned with the optical element 621, helping to reduce the possibility of air bubbles forming between the optical element 621 and the surface of the object 6 to be measured. In some embodiments, the light source module 121 or the light measurement module 122 may be directly positioned at these multiple raised dots. In some embodiments, these multiple raised dots and the surface of the object 6 to be measured can also create an anti-slip effect. In some embodiments, the multiple raised dots may have any shape. In some embodiments, the multiple raised dots may have shapes that are identical, different, or partially identical and partially different. In some embodiments, the shapes of the plurality of protrusions may include, but are not limited to, circular, square, triangular, and polygonal shapes, as long as the plurality of protrusions are higher than the surface of the surrounding optical signal module 620. In some other embodiments, the optical element 621 may be disposed in a plurality of element spaces 6211 within the optical signal module 620. The plurality of element spaces 6211 may correspond to the plurality of protrusions, or may not correspond to the plurality of protrusions.

[0151] FIG14A shows a perspective view of another ring-shaped measuring device 700 according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. FIG14B shows a top perspective view of the ring-shaped measuring device 700 illustrated in FIG14A according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. The ring-shaped measuring device 700 may include an outer ring frame 710 and an inner ring frame 720. FIG14A and FIG14B illustrate an example of a ring-shaped measuring device 700. The ring-shaped measuring device 700 may include more or fewer elements than shown, or may have different configurations of the elements shown. Additional elements may be added or fewer elements may be used without departing from the present disclosure.

[0152] 1 , 14A and 14B , the ring measuring device 700 can be coupled to the computing module 110 via a wired or wireless connection. For example, the ring measuring device 700 can be coupled to the computing module 110 via the connection unit 401 shown in FIG. 4A , or directly coupled to the computing module 110 via a wireless module.

[0153] The ring-shaped measurement device 700 can be used to surround an object to be measured by a subject, and the physiological data of the object to be measured can be measured by the ring-shaped measurement device 700. The object to be measured can be a knuckle or joint of the subject's finger, and thus the ring-shaped measurement device 700 can be a finger ring measurement device that is used to surround the knuckle or joint of the subject and measure the knuckle or joint to obtain the subject's physiological data. In some other embodiments, the ring-shaped measurement device 700 can be a wristband measurement device, a watch measurement device, an anklet measurement device, a headband measurement device, etc., which can be used to perform measurements by surrounding a limb or the head.

[0154] In some embodiments, the ring-shaped measurement device 700 can be used to measure various physiological data. This physiological data may include blood pressure data, blood oxygen concentration data, blood flow rate data, blood viscosity data, and at least one of other physiological data. In some embodiments, when the physiological data is blood pressure data, the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 including the ring-shaped measurement device 700 can function as an optical blood pressure measurement device. In some embodiments, the ring-shaped measurement device 700 can measure various physiological data using photoplethysmography (PPG) measurement methods. Therefore, the optical physiological signal measurement device 1 including the ring-shaped measurement device 700 can also function as a PPG measurement device. The ring-shaped measurement device 700 can form a retractable covering ring formed by the inner ring frame 720 to cover the first joint, second joint, first phalanx, second phalanx, or third phalanx of a finger, thereby reducing the restraining and clamping force on the phalanx or joint and maintaining the stability and integrity of the PPG physiological signal.

[0155] The ring-shaped measuring device 700 may include at least one outer ring frame 710 and multiple inner ring frames 720. The at least one outer ring frame 710 encloses the multiple inner ring frames 720. Each of the multiple inner ring frames 720 has an inner frame inner surface 7200, and the multiple inner ring frames 720 are arranged in a ring to form a receiving space 702. The receiving space 702 is used to accommodate the subject's object to be measured so as to measure the subject's physiological data. The multiple inner frame inner surfaces 7200 of the multiple inner ring frames 720 are the surfaces surrounding the receiving space 702. In other words, when the object to be measured is placed in the ring-shaped measuring device 700, the multiple inner frame inner surfaces 7200 are the surfaces of the ring-shaped measuring device 700 that come into contact with the object to be measured. Therefore, the multiple inner frame inner surfaces 7200 can have a soft and skin-friendly contact surface.

[0156] The number of at least one ring outer frame 710 can be one or more. When the number of at least one ring outer frame 710 is one, the ring outer frame 710 is a ring-shaped outer frame of fixed size. Therefore, although a plurality of ring inner frames 720 have a certain telescopic range, the ring outer frame 710 can still have different sizes to adapt to the objects to be measured of different object sizes. When the number of at least one ring outer frame 710 is a plurality of, the sizes of a plurality of ring outer frames 710 can be exactly the same, completely different, or partially the same and partially different. A plurality of ring outer frames 710 can be combined with each other to form a complete ring-shaped outer frame, so the ring-shaped measuring device 700 can have different sizes to adapt to the objects to be measured of different object sizes.

[0157] In some embodiments, when there is only one ring outer frame 710, multiple ring inner frames 720 can be accommodated in the single ring outer frame 710 to form the accommodation space 702. In some other embodiments, when there are multiple ring outer frames 710, the number of the multiple ring inner frames 720 can correspond to the number of the multiple ring outer frames 710. For example, the number of the multiple ring inner frames 720 can be equal to the number of the multiple ring outer frames 710, or the number of the multiple ring inner frames 720 can be a multiple of the number of the multiple ring outer frames 710. In some other embodiments, when there are multiple ring outer frames 710, the number of the multiple ring inner frames 720 can be independent of the number of the multiple ring outer frames 710. For example, the number of the multiple ring outer frames 710 can be 3, while the number of the multiple ring inner frames 720 can be 2.

[0158] In some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of annular inner frames 720 may include an optical signal module accommodating portion for accommodating an optical signal module, and thus some of the annular inner frames 720 may not include an optical signal module accommodating portion. In some other embodiments, all of the annular inner frames 720 may include an optical signal module accommodating portion for accommodating an optical signal module. In some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of optical signal module accommodating portions may accommodate an optical signal module, and thus some of the optical signal module accommodating portions may not accommodate an optical signal module and may be idle. In some other embodiments, all of the optical signal module accommodating portions may accommodate an optical signal module.

[0159] The optical signal module housed in the optical signal module housing can serve as optical module 120 and function as an optical device capable of emitting light having a wavelength, receiving and measuring the emitted light as detection light, and transmitting the measurement results to computing module 110. In some embodiments, the emission wavelength is selected based on the effect of blood oxygen concentration on the light absorption coefficient. The emission wavelength is selected from a low-oxygen-affected light wavelength band where the light absorption coefficient is largely unaffected by blood oxygen concentration.

[0160] In some embodiments, if only one optical signal module is housed in an optical signal module housing, the optical signal module can include both the light source module 121 and the light measurement module 122 in the optical module 120. Therefore, after the emitted light is emitted from the optical signal module, it reflects off the object to be measured within the housing 702 and then returns to the optical signal module, completing the measurement by the optical module 120. Therefore, since physiological data is measured only through the single optical signal module in the ring-type measurement device 700, the optical signal module can function as a reflective optical module, serving as both the light source module 121 and the light measurement module 122.

[0161] In other embodiments, if the optical signal module accommodating portions on either side each have an optical signal module, then different optical signal modules can each serve as the light source module 121 or the light measurement module 122 in the optical module 120. For example, the ring-shaped measurement device 700 can have a set of optical signal modules on each side, with the optical signal modules on one side serving as the light source module 121 and the optical signal modules on the other side serving as the light measurement module 122. Thus, the emitted light can be emitted by the optical signal modules on one side, pass through the object to be measured in the accommodating space 702, and then be received by the optical signal modules on the other side, completing the measurement of the optical module 120.

[0162] FIG15A shows an upper perspective view of the ring-shaped measurement device 700 illustrated in FIG14A , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. FIG15B shows a cross-sectional view of the ring-shaped measurement device 700 taken along line C3-C3 of FIG15A , according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. FIG15B illustrates an example of a ring-shaped measurement device 700. The ring-shaped measurement device 700 may include more or fewer elements than shown, or may have a different configuration of the elements shown. Additional elements may be added, or fewer elements may be used, without departing from the present disclosure.

[0163] Referring to Figures 1, 14A, and 15B, the ring outer frame 710 includes multiple ring inner frames 721-724. Each of the ring inner frames 721-724 may have a corresponding one of a plurality of inner frame inner surfaces 7210-7240. When an object to be measured is placed in the ring-shaped measuring device 700, the plurality of inner frame inner surfaces 7210-7240 come into contact with the object to be measured. Therefore, the plurality of inner frame inner surfaces 7210-7240 provide a soft and skin-friendly contact surface.

[0164] Multiple elastic elements 731-734 are included between the outer ring frame 710 and the multiple inner ring frames 721-724. The multiple elastic elements 731-734 are used to create a spatially variable structure with slight elasticity to accommodate the different sizes of the object to be measured. In some embodiments, the multiple elastic elements 731-734 can be springs, stretch bands, springs, or other elastic materials to achieve the effect of conforming to the object to be measured. In some embodiments, the multiple inner ring frames 721-724 can each be coupled to a corresponding elastic element from the multiple elastic elements 731-734. Therefore, the number of multiple elastic elements can be equal to the number of multiple inner ring frames. In some other embodiments, when the number of multiple elastic elements is greater than the number of multiple inner ring frames, the multiple inner ring frames can each be coupled to at least one corresponding elastic element from the multiple elastic elements. For example, the multiple inner ring frames 721-724 can each be coupled to two or more elastic elements.

[0165] The ring outer frame 710 may have a plurality of outer frame fixing portions 711 - 714 . The outer frame fixing portions 711 - 714 may be coupled to corresponding ones of the plurality of elastic elements 731 - 734 , respectively, to fix the plurality of elastic elements 731 - 734 to the ring outer frame 710 .

[0166] The plurality of ring inner frames 721-724 may have a plurality of inner frame fixing portions 7211-7241 and 7212-7242. The plurality of inner frame fixing portions 7211-7241 and 7212-7242 may be coupled to a corresponding one of the plurality of elastic elements 731-734, respectively, to fix the plurality of elastic elements 731-734 to the plurality of ring inner frames 721-724.

[0167] In some embodiments, the multiple elastic elements 731-734 may all be V-shaped elastic elements. Each V-shaped elastic element has a tip portion and two terminal portions. The tip portion of each of the multiple elastic elements 731-734 may be coupled to a corresponding one of the outer frame fixing portions 711-714. Furthermore, a right terminal portion of each of the multiple elastic elements 731-734 may be coupled to a corresponding one of the inner frame fixing portions 7211-7241, while a left terminal portion of each of the multiple elastic elements 731-734 may be coupled to a corresponding one of the inner frame fixing portions 7212-7242. Therefore, the multiple elastic elements 731-734 are coupled and fixed to the ring outer frame 710 via their respective tip portions, and are simultaneously coupled to a corresponding one of the multiple ring inner frames 721-724 via their respective two terminal portions, thereby withstanding the pressure from the multiple ring inner frames 721-724. In other words, when the object to be measured is placed in the ring-shaped measuring device 700, the multiple ring inner frames 721-724 are pushed by the object to move closer to the ring outer frame 710. At this time, the multiple elastic elements 731-734 use their elastic force to create a slightly elastic and spatially variable structure to accommodate the varying sizes of the object to be measured.

[0168] In some other embodiments, multiple elastic elements may all be I-type elastic elements. Each I-type elastic element has two terminal portions. One terminal portion of each of the multiple elastic elements may be coupled to a corresponding outer frame fixing portion in a plurality of outer frame fixing portions, while another terminal portion of each of the multiple elastic elements may be coupled to a corresponding inner frame fixing portion in a plurality of inner frame fixing portions. Therefore, multiple elastic elements are coupled to the ring outer frame and a corresponding ring inner frame respectively through their two terminal portions to withstand the pushing from the multiple ring inner frames. In other words, when the object to be measured is placed in the annular measuring device, the multiple ring inner frames are pushed by the object to be measured and move closer to the ring outer frame. At this point, the multiple elastic elements, through their elastic force, produce a lightly retractable spatial variation structure to adapt to the different object sizes of the object to be measured.

[0169] In some embodiments, the ring-shaped measuring device has a telescopic range of approximately 1 mm to 6 mm. In some embodiments, the telescopic range of the ring-shaped measuring device is approximately 2 mm. In some embodiments, the ring-shaped measuring device can be multi-directional to increase the telescopic range. In some embodiments, the number of telescopic directions can be 2, 3, 4, 5, or other directions. In some embodiments, the ring-shaped measuring device 700 can have 4 telescopic directions.

[0170] In some embodiments, the expansion and contraction direction of the ring-shaped measuring device 700 may be determined by the number of the plurality of ring inner frames 721 - 724 . In some other embodiments, the expansion and contraction direction of the ring-shaped measuring device 700 may be determined by the number of the plurality of elastic elements 731 - 734 .

[0171] The embodiments shown and described above are merely examples. Many details are commonly found in the art. Therefore, many of these details are neither shown nor described. Although many features and advantages of the present disclosure have been described in the foregoing description along with details of its structure and function, this disclosure is illustrative only, and changes may be made in the details. It should therefore be understood that the above-described embodiments may be modified within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A PPG measurement device using a photoplethysmography method, comprising: an outer shell; An inner shell is coupled to the outer shell and can move relative to the outer shell, wherein: A containing space is included between the outer shell and the inner shell to contain an object to be tested, and The spatial size of the accommodating space changes with the relative movement between the outer shell and the inner shell; A first magnetic unit is disposed on an outer surface of the outer shell; A second magnetic unit, which is disposed on an inner surface of an inner shell of the inner shell; as well as an optical signal module coupled to the outer shell and configured to measure the object to be measured, There is a magnetic force between the first magnetic unit and the second magnetic unit, and the magnetic force drives the space size of the accommodating space to adapt to an object size of the object to be measured.

2. The PPG measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: The optical signal module is used to receive a detection light after the object to be measured is measured by an emission light or to emit the emission light, and The emitted light has a light emission wavelength, and the light emission wavelength is selected according to the influence of blood oxygen concentration on light absorption rate.

3. The PPG measurement device according to claim 2, wherein: The light emission wavelength is selected from a low blood oxygen-affected light band in which the light absorption rate is not affected by the blood oxygen concentration.

4. The PPG measurement device according to claim 1, further comprising: An outer cover coupled to the outer shell to form a first component assembly; as well as An inner cover is coupled with the inner shell to form a second component assembly, and the accommodating space is generated between the inner cover and the inner shell.

5. The PPG measuring device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner housing further comprises: An inner shell base coupled to the inner cover, wherein: The accommodating space is formed by the inner shell base and the inner cover, and The first component assembly covers the inner shell base and the inner cover; and An elastic wing protrudes outward from one of the two sides of the inner shell base and extends along the outer shell surface of the outer shell to cover the outer shell, wherein: The second magnetic unit is disposed on an inner surface of a wing of the elastic wing. One of an elastic force of the elastic wing and the magnetic force drives the outer shell to approach the outer cover, so that the space size of the accommodating space is adapted to the object size of the object to be measured, and The interaction between the magnetic force and the elastic force can reduce the pressure applied by the inner cover to the object to be tested.

6. The PPG measurement device according to claim 4, wherein: The outer shell includes a first sliding portion. The outer cover includes a second sliding portion, and The first sliding part is slidably coupled to the second sliding part, so that the first sliding part and the second sliding part can move relatively to adjust the space size of the accommodating space.

7. The PPG measurement device of claim 6, further comprising: A connecting shaft is coupled to the outer cover, wherein: The first sliding part includes a first sliding shaft and a first sliding rail. The second sliding part includes a second sliding rail. The first sliding shaft is slidably coupled to the second sliding rail, so that the first sliding shaft can slide in the second sliding rail along a first sliding direction, and The connecting shaft is slidably coupled to the first sliding rail, so that the connecting shaft can slide along a second sliding direction in the first sliding rail.

8. The PPG measurement device according to claim 4, wherein: The second component assembly has an opening portion and a joint portion, and The inner surface of the inner shell has an inclination angle in a front-to-rear direction from the opening to the joint portion, so that an opening cross-sectional area of ​​the accommodating space at the opening is larger than a joint cross-sectional area of ​​the joint portion.

9. The PPG measurement device according to claim 8, wherein: The joint portion has a joint plane. The middle of the inner side surface of the inner shell has a middle oblique line along the front-back direction, and The middle oblique line and a normal line of the joining plane have an inclination angle of 3-7 degrees.

10. The PPG measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: The inner surface of the inner shell includes an inner shell friction portion adjacent to the accommodating space, and The inner shell friction portion has a friction coefficient higher than other portions of the inner surface of the inner shell.

11. An optical blood pressure measuring device, comprising: A magnetic levitation measurement device, wherein the magnetic levitation measurement device is a photoplethysmography (PPG) measurement device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10; as well as A calculation module is coupled to the magnetic levitation device to calculate blood pressure data according to a measurement signal obtained by the magnetic levitation device.

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