Tracheotomy cannula with blocking cover

Abstract

The invention discloses a tracheostomy tube with a blocking cover, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments, the tracheostomy tube comprises an outer tube and an inner tube inserted in the outer tube, a fixed wing is welded at one end of the outer tube, and a blocking cover body is fixed at one end, led out of the fixed wing, of the inner tube. According to the tracheostomy tube with the blocking cover, the blocking cover body is arranged to be in linkage with the blocking mechanism to form an airflow channel A, meanwhile, the airflow channel A is divided into two bent channels through the blocking mechanism to achieve foreign matter flow blocking, airflow can be diffused at the position of a ring sleeve to achieve further flow division, and the situation that a nasal cavity filter is polluted by splashed foreign matter due to intense bucking is prevented; meanwhile, by means of the tube blocking operation generated through cooperation of the blocking mechanism, the middle sleeve and the blocking cover body, sputum foreign matter sprayed during bucking can be prevented from being splashed and guided out of the inner tube, airflow impact force generated during intense bucking can be buffered, and the situation that the tracheotomy tube is impacted to be ejected out of the human body, and consequently pain is aggravated is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a tracheostomy cannula with a plugging cap. Background Technology

[0002] Tracheostomy is a common otolaryngological technique used to relieve respiratory obstruction and save patients' lives. After the surgery, a tracheostomy tube needs to be inserted into the surgical area. The tracheostomy tube is a crucial tool for maintaining respiration, primarily used to keep the airway open, assist in expectoration, protect the incision, and provide a stable pathway for mechanical ventilation.

[0003] Patients who have undergone tracheostomy and whose condition has improved, whose breathing is stable, whose respiratory secretions have decreased, and who are able to cough up sputum on their own, should undergo a trial tube occlusion procedure. During the trial occlusion process, the tube should be occluded in an adjustable manner to adapt to the patient's recovery. The tube can only be extubated when breathing and coughing are normal.

[0004] In existing technologies, to block the tracheostomy tube, a sealing device is usually used at the end of the tube exiting the body. However, when the tube is not blocked or not completely blocked, the tracheostomy tube still assists the patient's breathing. During the gas flow in this situation, the exhaled air can easily carry sputum and other secretions from the body directly out of the tube, which can easily cause contamination of medical staff and instruments. During the adaptation recovery process after complete tube blockage, the patient's violent coughing will produce a strong exhalation and sputum and other foreign objects will be sprayed into the blocked tube. This can easily cause the tracheostomy tube to be pushed out of the body by the impact, exacerbating the patient's pain. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tracheostomy tube with a plug to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a tracheotomy tube with a plugging cap, comprising an outer tube and an inner tube inserted inside the outer tube, one end of the outer tube being welded with a fixing wing, the end of the inner tube extending from inside the fixing wing being fixed with a plugging cap body, the middle part of the plugging cap body having an inner cavity recessed into the inner wall of the plugging cap body, and the end of the plugging cap body away from the inner tube being magnetically abutted against an intermediate sleeve; A sealing mechanism and an airflow channel A are provided between the magnetically abutting plug body and the intermediate sleeve. The sealing mechanism divides the airflow channel A into two bent channels, so that the foreign objects ejected in the inner tube are diverted and blocked at the airflow channel A with two bent channels. A ring sleeve is vertically engaged in the inner cavity, and a diversion plate is coaxially fitted inside the ring sleeve. The outer side of the intermediate sleeve is fitted with a rotating cap for adjusting the airflow of the sealing mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the upper edge of the inner wall of the intermediate sleeve is provided with a threaded connection surface, and the intermediate sleeve is threadedly connected to the nasal filter through the threaded connection surface; The inner wall of the intermediate sleeve near the root of the threaded connection surface is integrally formed with a hollow partition. The inner edge opening of the hollow partition is elliptical, and the inner edge of the hollow partition extends downward with a flange. A groove is provided in the middle of the flange.

[0008] Preferably, a positioning block that engages with the slot is fixed on the top wall of the ring sleeve. The engagement of the positioning block with the slot enables the intermediate sleeve and the plug cover body to be docked and positioned, and aligns the elliptical opening at the inner edge of the hollow partition with the ring sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the surface of the fixed wing is provided with a groove, and the inner walls of the groove are integrally formed with convex rings that are flush with the surface of the fixed wing, and the surface of the convex rings is fixed with limit pins. The groove is provided with a lower toothed ring that meshes with the toothed disc. The outer side of the lower toothed ring is provided with a magnetic absorbing piece that magnetically attracts the surface of the groove. One end of the convex ring is configured to be open for the magnetic absorbing piece to be screwed in, and the other end of the convex ring is configured to be closed to block the magnetic absorbing piece.

[0010] Preferably, the inside of the screw cap is fitted with an upper toothed ring by screws, and the bottom surface of the screw cap has an arc-shaped opening that mates with the limiting pin, with one end of the arc-shaped opening being flared.

[0011] Preferably, a toothed disc is movably connected to the outer wall surface of the plug cover body, and a drive rod that passes through the plug cover body is fixed in the middle of one of the toothed discs.

[0012] Preferably, a drive shaft is fixed in the middle of the distribution plate, and a notched disc is provided at one end of the drive shaft, with a notch on the surface of the notched disc. The inner wall of the plug cover body is provided with a mating interface. A toothed disc is fixed at one end of the drive rod that extends into the mating interface. A toothed part is provided on one side of the toothed disc. The drive shaft is matched and connected with the toothed disc at one end of the drive rod through a concave disc at one end.

[0013] Preferably, an airbag for expanding and sealing the human trachea is sleeved on the outside of the outer tube, and an inflation tube is connected to the airbag, which is connected to an external inflation device through the inflation tube.

[0014] Preferably, the ring sleeve has an open air port aligned with the center area of ​​the inner tube on the side near the bottom of the plug cover body, and an arc-shaped sealing plate is fixed to the outer edge of the diverter plate.

[0015] Preferably, the ring sleeve has an oblique air port facing the inner wall of the inner tube on the side near the bottom of the plug cover body, the outer edge of the diverter plate is fixed with a plugging ring, and the annular cavity of the plugging ring facing outward is provided with blades at an equal included angle.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the tracheostomy tube with a plugging cap is configured to link the plugging cap body with the sealing mechanism to form an airflow channel A. At the same time, the sealing mechanism divides the airflow channel A into two bent channels to achieve foreign object obstruction, and the airflow will diffuse at the ring sleeve to achieve further diversion, preventing foreign objects splashed out due to violent coughing from contaminating the nasal filter. At the same time, the tube blocking operation generated by the sealing mechanism, the intermediate sleeve and the plugging cap body can not only prevent the phlegm and foreign objects sprayed out from the inner tube, but also buffer the airflow impact force generated during violent coughing, preventing the tracheostomy tube from being pushed out of the body by the impact and causing increased pain. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tracheotomy cannula of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the tracheostomy cannula of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the tracheotomy tube of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the sealing mechanism of the present invention, according to Embodiment 1. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional half-section structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the connection between the plug cover body and the intermediate sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional full-section structural diagram of an embodiment of the connection between the plug cover body and the intermediate sleeve of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection between the plug cover body and the ring sleeve of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention where the ring sleeve and the distribution plate are connected; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the docking of the fixed wing and the rotating cap of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, in which the plug cover body and the ring sleeve are engaged. Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, which separates the ring and the distribution plate; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, showing the airflow impacting the sealing ring along the inner tube. Figure 13This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the linkage between the nasal filter, the rotating cap, and the intermediate sleeve of the present invention, according to Embodiment 2.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Outer tube; 101. Airbag; 102. Inflation tube; 2. Inner tube; 201. Blocking cap body; 202. Inner cavity; 3. Fixed wing; 301. Groove; 302. Protruding ring; 303. Limiting pin; 4. Intermediate sleeve; 401. Hollow partition; 402. Flange; 403. Slot; 5. Nasal filter; 6. Blocking mechanism; 601. Gear plate; 602. Drive rod; 603. Diverter plate; 603a. Blocking plate; 603b. Blocking ring; 603c. Blade; 604. Drive shaft; 605. Ring sleeve; 605a. Open air port; 605b. Angled air port; 606. Positioning block; 7. Rotary cap; 701. Upper gear ring; 702. Arc-shaped opening; 8. Lower gear ring; 801. Magnetic suction plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0020] Please see Figures 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a tracheostomy tube with a plugging cap, including an outer tube 1 and an inner tube 2 inserted inside the outer tube 1. An air bag 101 for expanding and blocking the human trachea is sleeved on the outside of the outer tube 1. An inflation tube 102 is connected to the air bag 101. The air bag 101 is connected to an external inflation device through the inflation tube 102.

[0021] In this embodiment, an airbag 101 connected to the inflation tube 102 is inflated by an inflation device, which can inflate the airbag 101. When the outer tube 1 is inserted into the human trachea, the inflated airbag 101 can abut against the human trachea, which facilitates the fixation of the tracheotomy tube.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-6 and Figure 9 One end of the outer tube 1 is welded with a fixed wing 3, and the end of the inner tube 2 that extends out from inside the fixed wing 3 is fixed with a plug cover body 201. The middle part of the plug cover body 201 has an inner cavity 202 that is recessed into the inner wall of the plug cover body 201. The end of the plug cover body 201 away from the inner tube 2 is magnetically abutted against the intermediate sleeve 4. The upper edge of the inner wall of the intermediate sleeve 4 is provided with a threaded connection surface, and the intermediate sleeve 4 is threadedly connected to the nasal filter 5 through the threaded connection surface.

[0023] In this embodiment, the straps are used to connect with both sides of the fixed wing 3 and are tied around the patient's neck to prevent the outer tube 1 from falling off. The nasal filter 5 is securely connected to the threaded connection surface on the inner wall of the intermediate sleeve 4. The nasal filter 5 can filter the gas entering the intermediate sleeve 4, the blockage cover body 201, and the inner tube 2, thereby blocking harmful impurities such as dust and lint in the air and effectively reducing the chance of lung infection in patients. Furthermore, the threaded connection between the nasal filter 5 and the intermediate sleeve 4 makes it easy to disassemble and replace the nasal filter 5. The air filtration using the nasal filter 5 is existing technology, and reference can be made to Chinese Patent No. CN213374537U.

[0024] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The inner wall of the intermediate sleeve 4 near the root of the threaded connection surface is integrally formed with a hollow partition 401. The inner edge opening of the hollow partition 401 is elliptical, and the inner edge of the hollow partition 401 extends downward with a flange 402. A groove 403 is provided in the middle of the flange 402. The airflow flowing inside the intermediate sleeve 4 will accumulate when it passes through the inner edge opening of the hollow partition 401.

[0025] Please see Figures 4-7 A sealing mechanism 6 and an airflow channel A are provided between the magnetically abutting plug body 201 and the intermediate sleeve 4. The sealing mechanism 6 divides the airflow channel A into two bent channels, so that the foreign objects ejected from the inner tube 2 are diverted and blocked at the airflow channel A with two bent channels. A gear disk 601 is movably connected to the outer wall of the plug body 201. A drive rod 602 that passes through the plug body 201 is fixed in the middle of one of the gear disks 601. When the gear disk 601 on the outer wall of the plug body 201 rotates, the gear disk 601 will drive the drive rod 602 to rotate.

[0026] In this embodiment, since an airflow channel A is provided between the plug cover body 201 and the intermediate sleeve 4, when the plug cover body 201 and the intermediate sleeve 4 magnetically engage and enclose the sealing mechanism 6, the adjustable sealing mechanism 6 will divide the airflow channel A into two bent channels, so that the airflow can be obstructed when it flows between the plug cover body 201 and the intermediate sleeve 4. This prevents the airflow that is sprayed from the human trachea to the intermediate sleeve 4 due to violent coughing from splashing out phlegm and other foreign objects attached to the inner tube 2, and avoids foreign objects splashing onto the nasal filter 5 and causing pollution, thus ensuring that the nasal filter 5 can be used continuously.

[0027] Please see Figures 4-7 and Figure 11A ring 605 is vertically engaged in the inner cavity 202. A positioning block 606 is fixed on the top wall of the ring 605 and engages with the slot 403. The engagement of the positioning block 606 with the slot 403 enables the intermediate sleeve 4 to be docked and positioned with the plug cover body 201, and aligns the elliptical opening of the inner edge of the hollow partition 401 with the ring 605.

[0028] In this embodiment, the ring 605 is first vertically engaged with the inner cavity 202 in the middle of the plugging cap body 201. The inner cavity 202 clamps and limits the ring 605, and the positioning block 606 on the top wall of the ring 605 is positioned upwards. Then, the intermediate sleeve 4 is engaged with the positioning block 606 through the slot 403 in the middle of the flange 402. This causes the intermediate sleeve 4, which is held in place by the inner cavity 202, to pull the flange 402 downwards, thereby connecting the intermediate sleeve 4 with the plugging cap body 201. 1. Securely engage and tighten the magnetically; conversely, when it is necessary to replace the inner tube 2 or disassemble the inner tube 2 and other components, first rotate the cap 7 so that the arc-shaped opening 702 is aligned with the limiting pin 303, then pull out the cap 7 to separate the upper gear ring 701 from the gear plate 601. After that, the inner tube 2 can be removed to complete the replacement. Alternatively, the components can be disassembled by removing the cap 7, nasal filter 5, intermediate sleeve 4, ring sleeve 605, lower gear ring 8 and inner tube 2 one by one. Furthermore, the vertically snapped ring 605 will also position the assembly angle of the middle sleeve 4, so that the elliptical opening on the inner edge of the hollow partition 401 is aligned with the ring 605. Therefore, when the airflow passes through the elliptical opening, it will diffuse laterally in the upper area of ​​the ring 605. It is important to note that because the ring 605 is a ring structure, and the gap between the top of the ring 605 and the bottom wall of the flange 402 gradually increases from the top of the ring 605 to both sides, the airflow rate diffused in the top region of the ring 605 will be less than the airflow rate diffused in the sides of the ring 605. This allows the airflow ejected from bottom to top to be further split when it passes around the ring 605 and is discharged into the elliptical opening. At this time, the airflow will converge from the middle of the ring 605 to both sides, which can prevent the airflow from being directly ejected from the middle sleeve 4 into the nasal filter 5.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-4 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 The surface of the fixed wing 3 has a groove 301, and the inner wall of the groove 301 has a raised ring 302 that is flush with the surface of the fixed wing 3 on both sides. The surface of the raised ring 302 is fixed with a limit pin 303. A lower gear ring 8 that meshes with the gear disk 601 is provided in the groove 301. A magnetic absorbing piece 801 that magnetically attracts the surface of the groove 301 is provided on the outer side of the lower gear ring 8. One end of the convex ring 302 is open for the magnetic absorbing piece 801 to be screwed in, and the other end of the convex ring 302 is closed to block the magnetic absorbing piece 801. The thickness of the convex ring 302 is less than the depth of the groove 301, and the gap between the convex ring 302 and the surface of the groove 301 matches the thickness of the magnetic absorbing piece 801.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the lower gear ring 8 is mated into the groove 301 on the surface of the fixed wing 3, the magnetic absorbing piece 801 on the outer side of the lower gear ring 8 passes through the adjacent convex rings 302 and adheres to the groove 301. The rotation direction of the magnetic absorbing piece 801 is restricted by the closed arrangement at one end of the convex rings 302, and the magnetic adsorption between the magnetic absorbing piece 801 and the surface of the groove 301 is used to prevent the rotatable lower gear ring 8 from deflecting randomly. It should be noted that when the magnetic absorbing piece 801 on the outer side of the lower gear ring 8 rotates to the lower side of the convex ring 302, the convex ring 302 can block the magnetic absorbing piece 801.

[0031] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 9 and Figure 13 The outer side of the intermediate sleeve 4 is fitted with a rotating cap 7 for the sealing mechanism 6 to adjust the airflow. The inside of the rotating cap 7 is fitted with an upper gear ring 701 by screws. The bottom surface of the rotating cap 7 has an arc-shaped opening 702 that mates with the limit pin 303, and one end of the arc-shaped opening 702 is designed with an flared opening.

[0032] In this embodiment, the rotating cap 7 is sleeved with the intermediate sleeve 4, and the flared end of the arc-shaped opening 702 on the bottom surface of the rotating cap 7 is connected to the limiting pin 303 on the fixed wing 3. At this time, the upper toothed ring 701 inside the rotating cap 7 will connect with the upper side of the toothed disc 601. When the rotating cap 7 rotates in the forward direction, the arc-shaped opening 702 on the bottom surface of the rotating cap 7 will slide along the limiting pin 303. The limiting pin 303 can prevent the rotating cap 7 from falling off and separating by restricting the arc-shaped opening 702.

[0033] Please see Figures 4-8 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 Inside the ring 605, a diverter 603 is coaxially fitted, and a drive shaft 604 is fixed in the middle of the diverter 603. One end of the drive shaft 604 is provided with a notched disc, and the surface of the notched disc is provided with a notch. The inner wall of the plug cover body 201 is provided with a mating interface. One end of the drive rod 602 that extends into the mating interface is fixed with a toothed disc. One side of the toothed disc is provided with a toothed part. The drive shaft 604 is matched and connected with the toothed disc at one end of the drive rod 602 through a concave disc at one end.

[0034] In this embodiment, the diverter 603 is laterally aligned with the inside of the ring 605 for abutment. When the ring 605 is vertically engaged in the inner cavity 202 of the plug cover body 201, the diverter 603 causes the concave disc at one end of the drive shaft 604 to be inserted into the interface on the inner wall of the plug cover body 201, and the concave part of the concave disc engages with the convex part of the toothed disc in the interface. At this time, the rotating toothed disc 601 can drive the drive rod 602 and the drive shaft 604 to rotate, thereby using the drive shaft 604 to drive the diverter 603 to deflect within the ring 605. At the same time, the diverter 603 is used to divert the airflow entering the plug cover body 201.

[0035] Please see Figures 4-6 and Figure 8 The ring 605 has an open air port 605a on one side near the bottom of the plug cover body 201, which is aligned with the center area of ​​the inner tube 2. An arc-shaped sealing plate 603a is fixed on the outer edge of the diverter plate 603. The sealing plate 603a is driven by the rotatable diverter plate 603 to block the open air port 605a.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the tube is not blocked, the patient's breathing airflow will be efficiently diverted along the open air inlet 605a and the airflow channel A. The cooperation between the open air inlet 605a and the airflow channel A can achieve a large flow rate of air exchange, which can meet the patient's intense breathing conditions. Then, the forward-rotating cap 7 drives the upper gear ring 701 to mesh with the gear plate 601, so the gear plate 601 will drive the diversion plate 603 to rotate. At this time, the diversion plate 603 will drive the sealing plate 603a on the outer edge to rotate and move to the open air inlet 605a at the bottom of the ring 605 to achieve sealing. When the sealing plate 603a completely blocks the open air inlet 605a, the air in the airbag 101 is released, thereby opening the trachea and allowing the patient to breathe and expel sputum independently. When the patient coughs violently and the sealing cover body 201, which is completely blocked by the sealing mechanism 6, is impacted, the cooperation of the diverter plate 603, the sealing plate 603a and the ring 605 can prevent the impacting airflow from pushing open the sealing plate 603a and passing through the open air inlet 605a.

[0037] It should be noted that as the rotating sealing plate 603a gradually covers and blocks the open air port 605a, the air conduction of the sealing cover body 201 will be adjusted and blocked. During the trial blocking process, the adjustable blocking method can adapt to the patient's recovery situation, avoiding the situation that the patient cannot adapt to when the tube is directly completely blocked. While the upper gear ring 701 meshes and rotates with the gear disk 601, the gear disk 601 will drive the lower gear ring 8 at the bottom to mesh and drive, so that the lower gear ring 8 will drive the outer magnetic absorbing piece 801 to screw into the lower part of the convex ring 302, so that the convex ring 302 blocks the magnetic absorbing piece 801. Example

[0038] Please see Figures 10-13 The ring 605 has a slanted air port 605b facing the inner wall of the inner tube 2 on one side near the bottom of the plug cover body 201. The outer edge of the diverter plate 603 is fixed with a plugging ring 603b. The annular cavity of the plugging ring 603b facing outward is provided with blades 603c at a medium included angle.

[0039] In this embodiment, when the tube is not blocked or not completely blocked, the patient's breathing airflow will be efficiently diverted along the oblique air inlet 605b and the airflow channel A. The airflow exchange between the oblique air inlet 605b and the airflow channel A is at a small flow rate. During the trial tube blocking process, the overall airflow does not change much, which allows the patient to adapt quickly when the tube is fully blocked. During the diversion, the angle of the oblique air inlet 605b toward the inner wall of the inner tube 2 can cause the airflow to bend at the oblique air inlet 605b, thus reducing the discharge of secretions such as sputum. Then, the forward-rotating cap 7 drives the upper toothed ring 701 to mesh with the toothed disc 601, so the toothed disc 601 will drive the diversion disc 603 to rotate. At this time, the diversion disc 603 will drive the sealing ring 603b on the outer edge to rotate and move to the oblique air inlet 605b at the bottom of the ring sleeve 605 to achieve sealing. Because the oblique air inlet 605b is set towards the inner wall of the inner tube 2, when the sealing ring 603b completely blocks the oblique air inlet 605b, the air in the airbag 101 is released, thereby opening the trachea and allowing the patient to breathe and expel sputum on their own. When the patient coughs violently and the blocking cover body 201, which is completely blocked by the sealing mechanism 6, is impacted, the ejected gas will be sprayed along the oblique air inlet 605b into the annular cavity of the sealing ring 603b. The ejected gas can drive the blade 603c to move, causing the sealing ring 603b to drive the diverter 603 to deflect at an angle. The rotation of the sealing ring 603b can buffer and depressurize the impacting airflow, thereby avoiding excessive impact that could cause the tracheostomy tube to be pushed out of the body, thus relieving the patient's pain. It should be noted that: because the oblique air inlet 605b is set facing the inner wall of the inner tube 2, when a small amount of sputum sprayed out by violent coughing is introduced along the inner tube 2, the sputum will be blocked by the outer wall of the oblique air inlet 605b facing the inner wall of the inner tube 2. At this time, the oblique air inlet 605b can separate the airflow from the sputum and prevent the sealing ring 603b from being adhered to by the sputum. When the patient's recovery is not optimistic during the complete blockage process, the oblique air inlet 605b can be reconnected to the airflow channel A by rotating the sealing ring 603b in the reverse direction. At this time, the isolated sputum will not enter the airflow channel A, thus ensuring normal air circulation in the inner tube 2 and preventing contamination of the nasal filter 5.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tracheostomy tube with a plug cover, comprising an outer tube (1) and an inner tube (2) inserted in the inner tube (1), characterized in that: one end of the outer tube (1) is welded with a fixed wing (3), one end of the inner tube (2) is fixed with a plug cover body (201) from the inside of the fixed wing (3), the middle part of the plug cover body (201) is provided with an inner cavity (202) recessed to the inner wall of the plug cover body (201), and the end of the plug cover body (201) away from the inner tube (2) is magnetically attracted to the middle sleeve (4); a sealing mechanism (6) and an airflow passage A are arranged between the magnetically attracted plug cover body (201) and the middle sleeve (4), the airflow passage A is divided into two bent passages by the sealing mechanism (6), so that the foreign matter sprayed in the inner tube (2) is blocked at the airflow passage A with two bent passages, the inner cavity (202) is vertically clamped with a ring sleeve (605), and the inner coaxial surface of the ring sleeve (605) is provided with a shunt disc (603); the outer side of the middle sleeve (4) is provided with a screw cap (7) for adjusting the airflow of the sealing mechanism (6).

2. A tracheostomy tube with a plug cap according to claim 1, characterised in that: The inner wall of the middle sleeve (4) is provided with a threaded connection surface at the upper edge, and the middle sleeve (4) is screwed with a nasal cavity filter (5) through the threaded connection surface; the inner wall of the middle sleeve (4) is integrally formed with a hollow partition plate (401) near the root of the threaded connection surface, the inner edge of the hollow partition plate (401) is elliptical, and the inner edge of the hollow partition plate (401) extends downwardly with a flange (402), and the middle part of the flange (402) is provided with a clamping groove (403).

3. A tracheostomy tube with a plug cap according to claim 2, wherein: The top wall of the ring sleeve (605) is fixed with a positioning block (606) clamped with the clamping groove (403), the clamping of the positioning block (606) and the clamping groove (403) enables the middle sleeve (4) and the plug cover body (201) to be positioned in abutment, and the elliptical opening of the inner edge of the hollow partition plate (401) is aligned with the ring sleeve (605).

4. A tracheostomy tube with a plug cap according to claim 1, wherein: The surface of the fixed wing (3) is provided with a groove (301), and the inner wall of the groove (301) is integrally formed with a convex ring (302) flush with the surface of the fixed wing (3), and the surface of the convex ring (302) is fixed with a limiting pin (303); the groove (301) is provided with a lower gear ring (8) engaged with a gear disc (601), the outer side of the lower gear ring (8) is provided with a magnetic attraction piece (801) magnetically attracted to the surface of the groove (301), one end of the convex ring (302) is provided with a through hole for the magnetic attraction piece (801) to be screwed into, and the other end of the convex ring (302) is closed for blocking the magnetic attraction piece (801).

5. A tracheostomy tube with a plug cap according to claim 4, wherein: The inside of the screw cap (7) is provided with an upper gear ring (701) mounted by a screw, the bottom surface of the screw cap (7) is provided with an arc-shaped opening (702) abutting with the limiting pin (303), and one end of the arc-shaped opening (702) is designed as an expanded opening.

6. A tracheostomy tube with a plug cap according to claim 3, wherein: The outer wall surface of the plug cover body (201) is movably connected with a gear disc (601), and the middle part of one of the gear discs (601) is fixed with a drive rod (602) transversely penetrating the plug cover body (201).

7. A tracheostomy tube with a plug cap according to claim 6, wherein: The middle part of the shunt disc (603) is fixed with a transmission shaft (604), one end of the transmission shaft (604) is provided with a notched disc, and the surface of the notched disc is provided with a notched part; The inner wall of the plugging cover body (201) is provided with a butt joint, one end of the driving rod (602) extending into the butt joint is fixed with a toothed disc, one side of the toothed disc is provided with a toothed part, and the transmission shaft (604) is matched and butt jointed with one end of the toothed disc of the driving rod (602) through the notched disc at one end.

8. A tracheostomy tube with a plug cap according to claim 5, wherein: The outer side of the outer tube (1) is sleeved with an air bag (101) for expanding and plugging the trachea of a human body, the air bag (101) is connected with an inflation pipe (102), and the air bag (101) is connected with external inflation equipment through the inflation pipe (102).

9. A tracheostomy tube with a plug cap according to claim 7, wherein: The ring sleeve (605) is provided with an open type air port (605a) which is aligned with the central area of the inner tube (2) on one side close to the bottom of the plugging cover body (201), and the outer edge of the shunt disc (603) is fixed with an arc-shaped plugging plate (603a).

10. A tracheostomy tube with a plug cap according to claim 7, wherein: The ring sleeve (605) is provided with a beveled air port (605b) which is directed to the inner wall surface of the inner tube (2) on one side close to the bottom of the plugging cover body (201), the outer edge of the shunt disc (603) is fixed with a plugging ring (603b), and the plugging ring (603b) is provided with a vane (603c) in a ring-shaped cavity which is opened outward and is arranged at an equal angle.

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