Fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device and aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode co-processing method

Abstract

The invention provides a fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device and an aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode co-processing method. The fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device comprises a reaction tank which is placed on the ground through a bracket, according to the fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device and the aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode co-processing method provided by the invention, limestone between the adsorption inner plate and the adsorption outer plate is rotated to be matched with a plurality of U-shaped pipes to forcibly break limestone caking, so that the adsorption area is increased, and the limestone between the adsorption inner plate and the adsorption outer plate is driven by the rotating shaft to rotate; limestone and hydrogen fluoride are in full contact and react to generate calcium fluoride, meanwhile, continuous updating of an adsorption material is achieved in cooperation with automatic feeding and automatic discharging, shutdown replacement is not needed, the treatment efficiency is greatly improved, hydrogen fluoride gas emission reduction is achieved continuously, the reaction temperature is effectively controlled through built-in U-shaped cooling circulation, and the stable adsorption effect is guaranteed; and the two baffles are arranged for full-flow closed operation to prevent leakage of hydrogen fluoride, so that the operation is safe and environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fluorine-containing gas emission reduction technology, and in particular to a fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device and a method for the synergistic treatment of aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode. Background Technology

[0002] After drying, white aluminum hydroxy fluoride is calcined at a specific temperature for a period of time to obtain aluminum fluoride. The core of the calcination process is the dehydration and conversion of aluminum hydroxy fluoride. However, high temperature and water vapor will cause aluminum fluoride to hydrolyze and generate hydrogen fluoride gas. Fluorine gas emission reduction technology has evolved from simple dilution in the early stage to a diversified technology system with dry purification as the main method and wet purification as the auxiliary method. The two complement each other to reduce hydrogen fluoride gas emissions and protect the atmospheric environment.

[0003] The existing fluorine gas emission reduction device has a servo motor fixedly installed on the outer wall of the side of the purification chamber, and a rotating filter cylinder is sleeved in the center of the inner cavity of the purification chamber. A shaft frame that is rotatably connected to the servo motor is fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating filter cylinder. The rotating filter cylinder ensures that all the limestone inside the filter cylinder is in continuous and uniform contact with the fluorine gas. Multiple sets of feed valves are connected to the rotating filter cylinder through self-controlled valves, which facilitates quick addition of limestone.

[0004] However, in the existing fluorine-containing gas emission reduction devices, the process of limestone adsorbing hydrogen fluoride is an exothermic reaction, and a large amount of heat will accumulate in the limestone, affecting the subsequent adsorption efficiency after the temperature rises.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device and a method for the synergistic treatment of aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device and a method for the synergistic treatment of aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode, which solves the problem that limestone releases heat when adsorbing hydrogen fluoride, and a large amount of heat accumulates in the limestone, affecting the subsequent adsorption efficiency after the temperature rises.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device, comprising: a reaction tank placed on the ground by a support;

[0008] A storage bin for storing limestone;

[0009] Adsorption mechanism, the adsorption mechanism being used to absorb hydrogen fluoride;

[0010] A feeding mechanism is provided for supplying limestone to the adsorption mechanism.

[0011] A feeding machine, used to discharge the adsorbed limestone;

[0012] A circulation mechanism for circulating cooling water;

[0013] A cooling mechanism is connected to the top of the circulation mechanism. The cooling mechanism includes a water supply pipe connected to the top of the circulation mechanism. The end of the water supply pipe is connected to an annular water collection pipe I. The bottom of the annular water collection pipe I is connected to several U-shaped pipes. The outlet ends of the several U-shaped pipes are connected to an annular water collection pipe II. The bottom of the annular water collection pipe II is connected to a cooling return water pipe, which is connected to one side of the circulation mechanism.

[0014] An air intake mechanism, used to deliver hydrogen fluoride into the interior of the reaction vessel;

[0015] The bottom of the feeding mechanism is fixedly connected to an upper guide ring via an upper guide port. A lower guide ring is fixedly installed on the side wall of the grooved bottom of the reaction tank. A lower guide port is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lower guide ring. Several U-shaped tubes pass through the upper guide port.

[0016] Preferably, the storage bin is mounted on the ground via a bracket and located above the feeding mechanism, and the top of the storage bin is connected to a feed pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the feeding mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the storage box. The feeding mechanism includes a motor and a feed inlet. The motor is fixedly installed on the top of the storage box. The output shaft of the motor passes through the top of the storage box and extends into the interior. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the motor output shaft. A feeding machine is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft. The feed inlet is connected to the bottom of the storage box. A disc is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft. The feeding machine is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft. The feeding machine is adapted to the lower guide port. The bottom of the feed inlet is fixedly connected to the top of the upper guide port.

[0018] Preferably, the adsorption mechanism is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft. The adsorption mechanism includes a circular plate, which is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft. An adsorption inner plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the circular plate. An adsorption outer plate is fixedly installed on the adsorption inner plate through several connecting rods. Several through holes are opened on the surfaces of the adsorption inner plate and the adsorption outer plate. The upper guide ring is located between the adsorption inner plate and the adsorption outer plate.

[0019] Preferably, the circulation mechanism is located on the ground and includes a water tank. The water tank is located on the ground and has a handle rotatably mounted on its top. A water pump is fixedly mounted on the top of the water tank. The pump's pumping end is connected to the inside of the water tank through a pumping pipe. The pump's outlet end is connected to one end of the water supply pipe. One side of the water tank is connected to one end of the cooling return water pipe.

[0020] Preferably, the top of the reaction vessel is connected to an exhaust pipe, and two baffles are symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the reaction vessel, with the two baffles being adapted to the outer adsorption plate.

[0021] Preferably, the air intake mechanism is connected to one side of the reaction vessel. The air intake mechanism includes an air intake pipe one, which is connected to one side of the reaction vessel. One end of the air intake pipe one is connected to a three-way valve. One side of the three-way valve is connected to an air intake pipe two. The top end of the air intake pipe two is connected to a filter box. The top of the filter box is connected to an air intake pipe three.

[0022] Preferably, a recovery box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the reaction vessel, and a cooling mechanism is connected to the bottom of the water supply pipe. The cooling mechanism includes a cooling water pipe connected to the bottom of the water supply pipe, and a cooling box connected to the bottom end of the cooling water pipe. The cooling box is disposed on the surface of the second air inlet pipe, and a cooling return water pipe is connected to the bottom of the cooling box. The end of the cooling return water pipe is connected to one side of the water tank.

[0023] Preferably, one side of the three-way valve is connected to an absorption mechanism, the absorption mechanism includes an absorption gas pipe, the absorption gas pipe is connected to one side of the three-way valve, one end of the absorption gas pipe is connected to a one-way valve, one end of the one-way valve is connected to an absorption tank through a gas supply pipe, the absorption tank is set on the ground, and the top of the absorption tank is connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0024] A method for the co-processing of aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode includes the following steps:

[0025] Step S1: Grind the aluminum-rich electrolyte and the waste carbon cathode separately and sieve them to a certain mesh size using a vibrator. Dry the sieved aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode for later use.

[0026] Step S2: Weigh aluminum-rich electrolyte and sulfuric acid of a certain concentration and mix them in a certain solid-liquid ratio. React them in a water bath at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain acid leaching residue A and aluminum sulfate-rich filtrate A.

[0027] Step S3: Mix acid leaching residue A and sodium hydroxide solution of a certain concentration in a certain solid-liquid ratio, react at a specific temperature for a period of time, and filter to obtain alkaline leaching residue B and filtrate B;

[0028] Step S4: Mix the cathode carbon block with the filtrate A obtained in step S2, and add an appropriate amount of sulfuric acid to control the pH to 1-2. React in a water bath at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain filter residue C and filtrate C. Filter residue C can be obtained by countercurrent water washing and drying to obtain high-purity regenerated carbon powder.

[0029] Step S5: Mix the filter residue C and the filtrate B obtained in step S3 in a certain solid-liquid ratio, react them in a water bath at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time, filter to obtain filter residue D and filtrate D. The pH of filtrate D can be adjusted to 10-11 by adding sodium fluoride and gradually adding sulfuric acid. After neutralization and solid-liquid separation and drying, cryolite is obtained.

[0030] Step S6: Mix filtrate C and filtrate D in a certain proportion, and gradually add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 5-6.5. React in a water bath at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time. Filter to obtain white aluminum hydroxy fluoride and filtrate E. Dry the white aluminum hydroxy fluoride and calcine it at a specific temperature for a period of time to obtain aluminum fluoride.

[0031] Compared with related technologies, the fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] This invention provides a fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device. By rotating the limestone between the inner and outer adsorption plates, multiple U-shaped tubes forcefully break up limestone clumps, increasing the adsorption area. A rotating shaft drives the limestone between the inner and outer plates to rotate, allowing it to fully contact and react with hydrogen fluoride to generate calcium fluoride. Simultaneously, automatic feeding and unloading ensure continuous replenishment of the adsorption material without downtime, significantly improving processing efficiency and achieving continuous hydrogen fluoride emission reduction. An internal U-shaped cooling cycle effectively controls the reaction temperature, ensuring stable adsorption performance. Two baffles prevent hydrogen fluoride leakage during the fully enclosed operation, ensuring safe and environmentally friendly operation. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the installation of the adsorption mechanism.

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the feeding mechanism.

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the circulating mechanism.

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the cooling mechanism.

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of the adsorption mechanism.

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the feeding machine.

[0041] Figure 9 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the air intake mechanism;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device;

[0043] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The diagram shows the structure of the cooling mechanism.

[0044] Figure 12 for Figure 10 The diagram shows the structure of the absorption mechanism.

[0045] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the inside of the reaction vessel;

[0046] Figure 14 This is a process flow diagram of a method for the co-processing of aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode.

[0047] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Reaction vessel; 2. Storage tank; 21. Feed pipe; 3. Feeding mechanism; 301. Motor; 302. Rotating shaft; 303. Feeder; 304. Feed inlet; 305. Disc; 4. Adsorption mechanism; 401. Circular plate; 402. Inner adsorption plate; 403. Outer adsorption plate; 404. Through hole; 405. Connecting rod; 5. Discharge machine; 6. Circulation mechanism; 601. Water tank; 602. Handle; 6 03. Water pump; 7. Cooling mechanism; 701. Water supply pipe; 702. Circular water collection pipe one; 703. U-shaped pipe; 704. Circular water collection pipe two; 705. Cooling return water pipe; 8. Cooling mechanism; 801. Cooling water pipe; 802. Cooling tank; 803. Cooling return water pipe; 9. Absorption mechanism; 901. Absorption gas pipe; 902. One-way valve; 903. Gas transmission pipe; 904. Absorption tank; 905. Exhaust pipe two.

[0048] 10. Upper guide ring, 11. Upper guide port, 12. Lower guide ring, 13. Lower guide port, 14. Exhaust pipe one, 15. Baffle plate, 16. Recycling box, 17. Air intake mechanism, 1701. Air intake pipe one, 1702. Three-way valve, 1703. Air intake pipe two, 1704. Filter box, 1705. Air intake pipe three. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0050] First Embodiment

[0051] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-9 A fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device includes: a reaction tank 1 placed on the ground by a support frame;

[0052] Storage bin 2, the storage bin 2 being used to store limestone;

[0053] Adsorption mechanism 4, which is used to absorb hydrogen fluoride;

[0054] The feeding mechanism 3 is used to replenish limestone to the adsorption mechanism 4;

[0055] Feeder 5, the feeder 5 is used to discharge the adsorbed limestone;

[0056] Circulation mechanism 6, which is used to circulate cooling water;

[0057] Cooling mechanism 7 is connected to the top of circulation mechanism 6. Cooling mechanism 7 includes water supply pipe 701, which is connected to the top of circulation mechanism 6. The end of water supply pipe 701 is connected to annular water collection pipe 1 702. The bottom of annular water collection pipe 1 702 is connected to several U-shaped pipes 703. The outlet ends of several U-shaped pipes 703 are connected to annular water collection pipe 2 704. The bottom of annular water collection pipe 2 704 is connected to cooling return water pipe 705, which is connected to one side of circulation mechanism 6.

[0058] Inlet mechanism 17, the inlet mechanism 17 is used to deliver hydrogen fluoride to the interior of the reaction vessel 1;

[0059] The bottom of the feeding mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to an upper guide ring 10 through an upper guide port 11. A lower guide ring 12 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the grooved bottom of the reaction tank 1. A lower guide port 13 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lower guide ring 12. Several U-shaped tubes 703 pass through the upper guide port 11.

[0060] The storage bin 2 is mounted on the ground via a bracket and is located above the feeding mechanism 3. The top of the storage bin 2 is connected to the feed pipe 21.

[0061] The feeding mechanism 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the storage box 2. The feeding mechanism 3 includes a motor 301 and a feed inlet 304. The motor 301 is fixedly installed on the top of the storage box 2. The output shaft of the motor 301 passes through the top of the storage box 2 and extends into the interior. The end of the output shaft of the motor 301 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 302. A feeding machine 303 is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft 302. The feed inlet 304 is connected to the bottom of the storage box 2. A disc 305 is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft 302. The feeding machine 5 is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft 302. The feeding machine 5 is adapted to the lower guide port 13. The bottom of the feed inlet 304 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper guide port 11.

[0062] The adsorption mechanism 4 is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft 302. The adsorption mechanism 4 includes a circular plate 401, which is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft 302. An adsorption inner plate 402 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the circular plate 401. An adsorption outer plate 403 is fixedly installed on the adsorption inner plate 402 through several connecting rods 405. Several through holes 404 are opened on the surfaces of the adsorption inner plate 402 and the adsorption outer plate 403. The upper guide ring 10 is located between the adsorption inner plate 402 and the adsorption outer plate 403.

[0063] The circulation mechanism 6 is located on the ground and includes a water tank 601. The water tank 601 is located on the ground and has a handle 602 rotatably mounted on its top. A water pump 603 is fixedly mounted on the top of the water tank 601. The pumping end of the water pump 603 is connected to the interior of the water tank 601 through a pumping pipe. The outlet end of the water pump 603 is connected to one end of the water supply pipe 701. One side of the water tank 601 is connected to one end of the cooling return water pipe 705.

[0064] The top of the reaction vessel 1 is connected to an exhaust pipe 14. Two baffle plates 15 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the inner wall of the reaction vessel 1. The two baffle plates 15 are adapted to the adsorption outer plate 403.

[0065] The air intake mechanism 17 is connected to one side of the reaction tank 1. The air intake mechanism 17 includes an air intake pipe 1701, which is connected to one side of the reaction tank 1. One end of the air intake pipe 1701 is connected to a three-way valve 1702. One side of the three-way valve 1702 is connected to an air intake pipe 1703. The top end of the air intake pipe 1703 is connected to a filter box 1704. The top of the filter box 1704 is connected to an air intake pipe 1705.

[0066] In actual use, limestone is placed inside the storage box 2; the adsorption inner plate 402 and the rotating shaft 302 are further reinforced and fixed by a reinforcing fixing rod; and a cooling system is installed inside the water tank 601.

[0067] The working principle of the fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device provided by this invention is as follows:

[0068] First, the motor 301 is started to drive the rotating shaft 302 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft 302 drives the feeding machine 303 to work and discharge the limestone inside the storage tank 2. The limestone enters the space between the adsorption inner plate 402 and the adsorption outer plate 403 after passing through the upper guide port 11 and the upper guide ring 10. The delivery pipe of the hydrogen fluoride gas generated during the roasting process of the roasting furnace is connected to the gas inlet pipe 1705. The hydrogen fluoride is delivered and filtered through the filter box 1704. After filtration, the hydrogen fluoride enters the interior of the reaction tank 1 through the three-way valve 1702.

[0069] Then, after the hydrogen fluoride enters the interior of the reaction vessel 1, the rotating shaft 302 rotates and drives the inner adsorption plate 402 and the outer adsorption plate 403 to rotate through the circular plate 401. During the rotation, the limestone uniformly adsorbs the hydrogen fluoride gas, and the baffle plate 15 blocks the hydrogen fluoride gas to prevent it from being discharged from both sides without filtration.

[0070] Then, the feeding machine 5 rotates along with the rotating shaft 302, and the feeding machine 5 gradually discharges the limestone at the bottom of the inner adsorption plate 402 and the outer adsorption plate 403. The limestone at the bottom has the longest service time. After adsorption, calcium fluoride is produced. The limestone after adsorption and the calcium fluoride produced are discharged through the feeding machine 5. At the same time, the feeding machine 303 and the feeding machine 5 automatically complete the replacement of limestone between the inner adsorption plate 402 and the outer adsorption plate 403 during the feeding and discharging process, avoiding machine downtime to replace the adsorption material.

[0071] Then, the limestone releases heat during the adsorption of hydrogen fluoride. Water is pumped from inside the water tank 601 by water pump 603. Water pump 603 supplies water to water supply pipe 701, water supply pipe 701 supplies water to annular water collection pipe 1 702, and annular water collection pipe 1 702 discharges water to several U-shaped pipes 703. After the limestone absorbs heat and cools down, the water that has absorbed heat is discharged from the end to annular water collection pipe 2 704, and then discharged back into the water tank 601 through cooling return water pipe 705 for cooling again in preparation for the next cycle.

[0072] Finally, after the hydrogen fluoride gas has been adsorbed, it is discharged from the exhaust pipe 14.

[0073] Compared with related technologies, the fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0074] By rotating the limestone between the inner adsorption plate 402 and the outer adsorption plate 403, and using multiple U-shaped tubes 703, the limestone agglomerates are forcibly broken up, increasing the adsorption area. The rotating shaft 302 drives the limestone between the inner adsorption plate 402 and the outer adsorption plate 403 to rotate, allowing the limestone to fully contact and react with hydrogen fluoride to generate calcium fluoride. At the same time, automatic feeding and automatic unloading ensure uninterrupted replenishment of the adsorption material without the need for machine shutdown and replacement, greatly improving processing efficiency and continuity, and reducing hydrogen fluoride gas emissions. The built-in U-shaped tubes 703 effectively control the reaction temperature through cooling circulation, ensuring stable adsorption effect. By setting two baffle plates 15, the entire process is enclosed, and the baffle plates 15 prevent hydrogen fluoride leakage, ensuring operational safety and environmental friendliness.

[0075] Second Embodiment

[0076] Please refer to the following: Figures 10-13 Based on the first embodiment of this application providing a fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device, the second embodiment of this application proposes another fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device. The second embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the second embodiment will not affect the separate implementation of the first embodiment.

[0077] Specifically, the second embodiment of this application provides a fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device in that a recovery box 16 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the reaction tank 1, a cooling mechanism 8 is connected to the bottom of the water supply pipe 701, the cooling mechanism 8 includes a cooling water pipe 801, the cooling water pipe 801 is connected to the bottom of the water supply pipe 701, the bottom end of the cooling water pipe 801 is connected to a cooling box 802, the cooling box 802 is disposed on the surface of the air inlet pipe 1703, the bottom of the cooling box 802 is connected to a cooling return water pipe 803, and the end of the cooling return water pipe 803 is connected to one side of the water tank 601.

[0078] One side of the three-way valve 1702 is connected to an absorption mechanism 9. The absorption mechanism 9 includes an absorption pipe 901, which is connected to one side of the three-way valve 1702. One end of the absorption pipe 901 is connected to a one-way valve 902. One end of the one-way valve 902 is connected to an absorption tank 904 via an air supply pipe 903. The absorption tank 904 is located on the ground, and the top of the absorption tank 904 is connected to an exhaust pipe 905.

[0079] In actual use, the absorption tank 904 is filled with alkaline solution.

[0080] The working principle of the fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0081] First, when the roasting process produces In emergency situations such as gas or reaction vessel 1 malfunction, the calcination gas is switched on three-way valve 1702, passes through one-way valve 902 from absorption pipe 901, and is discharged into the interior of absorption tank 904 via gas delivery pipe 903. The interior of absorption tank 904 contains alkaline solution for wet absorption of hydrogen fluoride gas. The gas is then discharged from exhaust pipe 2905.

[0082] To prevent the temperature of the calcining gas from getting too high during intake, the water pump 603 supplies water to the water supply pipe 701 for internal heat absorption, and also supplies water to the cooling water pipe 801. The cooling water pipe 801 drains water into the interior of the cooling box 802 to cool the intake pipe 1703 inside the cooling box 802. After cooling, the calcining gas undergoes adsorption treatment after passing through the three-way valve 1702.

[0083] Finally, the limestone and calcium fluoride discharged from the feeder 5 are recycled by the recycling bin 16.

[0084] Compared with related technologies, the fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device provided in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0085] During roasting gas generation In the event of a gas or reaction tank 1 malfunction, switch the three-way valve 1702 to introduce the roasted gas into the absorption tank 904 containing alkaline solution for wet emergency treatment, ensuring that emissions always meet standards and forming an effective safety redundancy. At the same time, use the circulating water inside the water tank 601 to pre-cool the high-temperature intake gas, which not only ensures the stable operation of subsequent adsorption processes but also achieves efficient management of system waste heat. Combined with the recovery box 16 to recover and treat limestone and calcium fluoride, continuous, safe, and stable operation is achieved under complex working conditions, significantly improving the reliability and safety of the fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device.

[0086] A method for co-processing aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode

[0087] Please refer to the following: Figure 14 A method for the co-processing of aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode includes the following steps:

[0088] Step S1: Grind the aluminum-rich electrolyte and the waste carbon cathode separately and sieve them to a certain mesh size using a vibrator. Dry the sieved aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode for later use.

[0089] Step S2: Weigh aluminum-rich electrolyte and sulfuric acid of a certain concentration and mix them in a certain solid-liquid ratio. React them in a water bath at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain acid leaching residue A and aluminum sulfate-rich filtrate A.

[0090] Step S3: Mix acid leaching residue A and sodium hydroxide solution of a certain concentration in a certain solid-liquid ratio, react at a specific temperature for a period of time, and filter to obtain alkaline leaching residue B and filtrate B;

[0091] Step S4: Mix the cathode carbon block with the filtrate A obtained in step S2, and add an appropriate amount of sulfuric acid to control the pH to 1-2. React in a water bath at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain filter residue C and filtrate C. Filter residue C can be obtained by countercurrent water washing and drying to obtain high-purity regenerated carbon powder.

[0092] Step S5: Mix the filter residue C and the filtrate B obtained in step S3 in a certain solid-liquid ratio, react them in a water bath at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time, filter to obtain filter residue D and filtrate D. The pH of filtrate D can be adjusted to 10-11 by adding sodium fluoride and gradually adding sulfuric acid. After neutralization and solid-liquid separation and drying, cryolite is obtained.

[0093] Step S6: Mix filtrate C and filtrate D in a certain proportion, and gradually add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 5-6.5. React in a water bath at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time. Filter to obtain white aluminum hydroxy fluoride and filtrate E. Dry the white aluminum hydroxy fluoride and calcine it at a specific temperature for a period of time to obtain aluminum fluoride.

[0094] First Embodiment

[0095] Step S1: Grind the aluminum-rich electrolyte and the waste carbon cathode separately and sieve them through a vibrator through a 150-mesh screen. Dry the sieved aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode for later use.

[0096] Step S2: Weigh 100g of aluminum-rich electrolyte 5mol / L sulfuric acid and mix them at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5. React them in a water bath at 80℃ and 300rpm for 3h. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain acid leaching residue A and aluminum sulfate-rich filtrate A.

[0097] Step S3: Mix acid leaching residue A and 6 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, react at a specific temperature for 3 hours, and filter to obtain alkaline leaching residue B and filtrate B;

[0098] Step S4: Mix the cathode carbon block with the filtrate A obtained in step S2, and add an appropriate amount of sulfuric acid to control the pH to 1.5. React in a water bath at 80°C and 300 rpm for 3 hours. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain filter residue C and filtrate C. Filter residue C can be obtained by countercurrent water washing and drying to obtain high-purity regenerated carbon powder.

[0099] Step S5: Mix filter residue C and filtrate B obtained in step S3 at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4, react in a water bath at 80°C and 300 rpm for 3 hours, filter to obtain filter residue D and filtrate D. Filtrate D can be adjusted to pH 10 by adding sodium fluoride and gradually adding sulfuric acid. After neutralization and solid-liquid separation and drying, cryolite is obtained.

[0100] Step S6: Mix filtrate C and filtrate D at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2, and gradually add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 5.5. React in a water bath at 80°C and 300 rpm for 3 hours. Filter to obtain white aluminum hydroxy fluoride and filtrate E. Dry the white aluminum hydroxy fluoride and calcine it at 500°C for 3 hours to obtain aluminum fluoride.

[0101] Second Embodiment

[0102] Step S1: Grind the aluminum-rich electrolyte and the waste carbon cathode separately and sieve them through a 200-mesh sieve using a vibrator. Dry the sieved aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode for later use.

[0103] Step S2: Weigh 200g of aluminum-rich electrolyte 4mol / L sulfuric acid and mix them at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4. React them in a water bath at 90℃ and 350rpm for 2h. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain acid leaching residue A and aluminum sulfate-rich filtrate A.

[0104] Step S3: Mix acid leaching residue A and 4 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4, react at a specific temperature for 2 hours, and filter to obtain alkaline leaching residue B and filtrate B;

[0105] Step S4: Mix the cathode carbon block with the filtrate A obtained in step S2, and add an appropriate amount of sulfuric acid to control the pH to 2. React in a water bath at 90°C and 300 rpm for 2 hours. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain filter residue C and filtrate C. Filter residue C can be obtained by countercurrent water washing and drying to obtain high-purity regenerated carbon powder.

[0106] Step S5: Mix filter residue C and filtrate B obtained in step S3 at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, react in a water bath at 90°C and 350 rpm for 3 hours, filter to obtain filter residue D and filtrate D. Filtrate D can be adjusted to pH 10.5 by adding sodium fluoride and gradually adding sulfuric acid. After neutralization and solid-liquid separation and drying, cryolite is obtained.

[0107] Step S6: Mix filtrate C and filtrate D at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, gradually add sodium hydroxide, adjust the pH to 6.0, react in a water bath at 90°C and 350 rpm for 2 hours, filter to obtain white aluminum hydroxy fluoride and filtrate E, dry the white aluminum hydroxy fluoride and calcine at 550°C for 2 hours to obtain aluminum fluoride.

[0108] Third Embodiment

[0109] Step S1: Grind the aluminum-rich electrolyte and the waste carbon cathode separately and sieve them through a 200-mesh sieve using a vibrator. Dry the sieved aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode for later use.

[0110] Step S2: Weigh 500g of aluminum-rich electrolyte 6mol / L sulfuric acid and mix them at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4. React them in a water bath at 70℃ and 400rpm for 4h. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain acid leaching residue A and aluminum sulfate-rich filtrate A.

[0111] Step S3: Mix acid leaching residue A and 6 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4, react at a specific temperature for 2 hours, and filter to obtain alkaline leaching residue B and filtrate B;

[0112] Step S4: Mix the cathode carbon block with the filtrate A obtained in step S2, and add an appropriate amount of sulfuric acid to control the pH to 2. React in a water bath at 70°C and 400 rpm for 4 hours. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain filter residue C and filtrate C. Filter residue C can be obtained by countercurrent water washing and drying to obtain high-purity regenerated carbon powder.

[0113] Step S5: Mix the filter residue C and the filtrate B obtained in step S3 at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, react in a water bath at 70°C and 400 rpm for 4 hours, filter to obtain filter residue D and filtrate D. The pH of filtrate D can be adjusted to 10.5 by adding sodium fluoride and gradually adding sulfuric acid. After neutralization and solid-liquid separation and drying, cryolite is obtained.

[0114] Step S6: Mix filtrate C and filtrate D at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2, and gradually add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 6.5. React in a water bath at 70°C and 400 rpm for 4 hours. Filter to obtain white aluminum hydroxy fluoride and filtrate E. Dry the white aluminum hydroxy fluoride and calcine it at 480°C for 4 hours to obtain aluminum fluoride.

[0115] Compared with related technologies, the method for synergistic treatment of aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0116] Aluminum components are preferentially extracted from aluminum-rich electrolytes during the acid leaching stage to generate an aluminum sulfate solution, which is then used to selectively leach fluorides (such as...) from waste carbon cathodes. The invention achieves deep purification of the residual solid phase through alkaline leaching and controllable preparation of aluminum fluoride or cryolite through pH adjustment, while obtaining high-purity carbon materials. Compared with traditional methods, this invention has significant advantages such as high leaching rate, low energy consumption, and strong process controllability, opening up a new path for the harmless treatment and resource utilization of hazardous waste in the aluminum electrolysis industry.

[0117] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device characterized by comprising: Include: The reaction tank is placed on the ground by the support; The storage tank is used for storing limestone; Adsorption mechanism for absorbing hydrogen fluoride; The feeding mechanism is used for supplementing limestone to the adsorption mechanism; The discharging machine is used for discharging the adsorbed limestone; Circulating mechanism for circulating cooling water; The cooling mechanism is communicated with the top of the circulating mechanism, the cooling mechanism comprises a water supply pipe communicated with the top of the circulating mechanism, the end of the water supply pipe is communicated with an annular water collecting pipe one, the bottom of the annular water collecting pipe one is communicated with a plurality of U-shaped pipes, the water outlet ends of a plurality of the U-shaped pipes are commonly communicated with an annular water collecting pipe two, the bottom of the annular water collecting pipe two is communicated with a cooling return water pipe, and the cooling return water pipe is communicated with one side of the circulating mechanism; The air inlet mechanism is used for conveying hydrogen fluoride to the inside of the reaction tank; The bottom of the feeding mechanism is fixedly connected with an upper material guiding ring through an upper material guiding port, a lower material guiding ring is fixedly installed on the slotted side wall of the bottom of the reaction tank, a lower material guiding port is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lower material guiding ring, and a plurality of the U-shaped pipes penetrate through the upper material guiding port.

2. The fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device according to claim 1, wherein The storage tank is arranged on the ground and above the feeding mechanism, and the top of the storage tank is communicated with a feeding pipe.

3. The fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device according to claim 1, wherein The feeding mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the storage tank, and the feeding mechanism comprises a motor and a feeding port.

4. The fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device according to claim 3, wherein The motor is fixedly installed on the top of the storage tank, the output shaft of the motor penetrates through the top of the storage tank and extends to the inside, the end of the motor output shaft is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the surface of the rotating shaft is fixedly installed with a feeding machine, the feeding port is communicated with the bottom of the storage tank, the surface of the rotating shaft is fixedly installed with a disc, the discharging machine is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft, the discharging machine is installed in fit with the lower material guiding port, and the bottom of the feeding port is fixedly connected with the top of the upper material guiding port.

5. The fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device according to claim 1, wherein The adsorption mechanism is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft, and the adsorption mechanism comprises a circular plate.

6. The fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device according to claim 4, wherein The circular plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft, the bottom of the circular plate is fixedly installed with an adsorption inner plate, the adsorption inner plate is fixedly installed with an adsorption outer plate through a plurality of connecting rods, a plurality of through holes are formed in the surfaces of the adsorption inner plate and the adsorption outer plate, and the upper material guiding ring is located between the adsorption inner plate and the adsorption outer plate. The circulating mechanism is arranged on the ground, and the circulating mechanism comprises a water tank. The top of the water tank is rotatably installed with a handle, the top of the water tank is fixedly installed with a water pump, the water pumping end of the water pump is communicated with the inside of the water tank through a water pumping pipe, one end of the water outlet end of the water pump is communicated with the water supply pipe, and one side of the water tank is communicated with one end of the cooling return water pipe. The top of the reaction tank is communicated with an exhaust pipe one, two blocking plates are symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner walls of the reaction tank, and the two blocking plates are installed in fit with the adsorption outer plate.

7. The fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device according to claim 5, wherein The air inlet mechanism is communicated with one side of the reaction tank, the air inlet mechanism comprises an air inlet pipe one, one end of the air inlet pipe one is communicated with a three-way valve, one side of the three-way valve is communicated with an air inlet pipe two, the top end of the air inlet pipe two is communicated with a filter box, and the top of the filter box is communicated with an air inlet pipe three.

8. The fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device according to claim 7, wherein The bottom of the reaction tank is fixedly installed with a recovery box, the bottom of the water supply pipe is communicated with a cooling mechanism, the cooling mechanism comprises a cooling water pipe, the cooling water pipe is communicated with the bottom of the water supply pipe, the bottom end of the cooling water pipe is communicated with a cooling box, the cooling box is arranged on the surface of the air inlet pipe two, the bottom of the cooling box is communicated with a cooling backwater pipe, and the tail end of the cooling backwater pipe is communicated with one side of the water tank.

9. The fluorine-containing gas emission reduction device according to claim 7, wherein One side of the three-way valve is communicated with an absorption mechanism, the absorption mechanism comprises an absorption gas pipe, the absorption gas pipe is communicated with one side of the three-way valve, one end of the absorption gas pipe is communicated with a one-way valve, one end of the one-way valve is communicated with an absorption tank through a gas conveying pipe, the absorption tank is arranged on the ground, and the top of the absorption tank is communicated with an exhaust pipe two.

10. A method for co-disposal of aluminum-rich electrolyte and spent cathode, characterized in that a fluorine-containing gas abatement device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used. It comprises the following steps: Step S1: the aluminum-rich electrolyte and the waste carbon cathode are ground and sieved to a certain mesh size by a shaker, and the sieved aluminum-rich electrolyte and waste carbon cathode are dried for standby use; Step S2: a certain concentration of sulfuric acid is weighed and mixed with the aluminum-rich electrolyte according to a certain solid-liquid ratio, and reacted in a water bath pot at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time, and then solid-liquid separation is performed to obtain acid leaching residue A and aluminum sulfate-rich filtrate A; Step S3: the acid leaching residue A and a certain concentration of sodium hydroxide solution are mixed according to a certain solid-liquid ratio, and reacted at a specific temperature for a period of time, and then filtered to obtain alkali leaching residue B and filtrate B; Step S4: the cathode carbon block is mixed with the filtrate A obtained in step S2, and a proper amount of sulfuric acid is added to control the pH to 1-2, and then reacted in a water bath pot at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time, and then solid-liquid separation is performed to obtain residue C and filtrate C, and the residue C is washed by countercurrent water and dried to obtain high-purity regenerated carbon powder; Step S5: the residue C and the filtrate B obtained in step S3 are mixed according to a certain solid-liquid ratio, and reacted in a water bath pot at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time, and then filtered to obtain residue D and filtrate D, and the filtrate D can be adjusted to a pH of 10-11 by adding sodium fluoride and gradually adding sulfuric acid, and then the neutralization precipitate is subjected to solid-liquid separation and drying to obtain cryolite; Step S6: the filtrate C and the filtrate D are mixed according to a certain ratio, and sodium hydroxide is gradually added to adjust the pH to 5-6.5, and then reacted in a water bath pot at a certain temperature and stirring speed for a period of time, and then filtered to obtain white hydroxy aluminum fluoride and filtrate E, and the white hydroxy aluminum fluoride is dried and then calcined at a specific temperature for a period of time to obtain aluminum fluoride.

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